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.entete.triathlon{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Triathlon_pictogram.svg/40px-Triathlon_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.ultimate{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ultimate_pictogram.svg/70px-Ultimate_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.union-europeenne{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Picto_Infobox_Europe.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.video{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tango-video-x-generic.png/35px-Tango-video-x-generic.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.voile{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Sailing_pictogram.svg/40px-Sailing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.volleyball{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Volleyball_%28indoor%29_pictogram.svg/35px-Volleyball_%28indoor%29_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.water-polo{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Water_polo_pictogram.svg/40px-Water_polo_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67892660">@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sm_th{background-color:#27292d!important;color:#fff}}</style> <table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellspacing="3px"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #D3D3A4"><span class="flipimg" style="position:relative;top:-5px"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A3_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8_%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="اضغط هنا للاطلاع على كيفية قراءة التصنيف"><img alt="اضغط هنا للاطلاع على كيفية قراءة التصنيف" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Emoji_u2753.svg/12px-Emoji_u2753.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Emoji_u2753.svg/18px-Emoji_u2753.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Emoji_u2753.svg/24px-Emoji_u2753.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"></a> <figcaption> اضغط هنا للاطلاع على كيفية قراءة التصنيف </figcaption> </figure></span> الحبليات<br><small>العصر: بداية <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="العصر الكامبري">الكامبري</a> - الآن ، 540–0 مليون سنة <div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:200px; padding:0px; height:20px; overflow:visible; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0;"> <div id="PreЄ_marker" style="z-index:1000; position:absolute; right:10px; overflow:visible; width:10; position:absolute; height:100%;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ما قبل الكمبري"><b>قك</b></a> </div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.1; width:1px; right:1px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.15; width:1px; right:2px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.2; width:1px; right:3px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.25; width:1px; right:4px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.3; width:1px; right:5px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.35; width:1px; right:6px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.4; width:1px; right:7px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.45; width:1px; right:8px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.5; width:1px; right:9px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.55; width:1px; right:10px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.6; width:1px; right:11px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.65; width:1px; right:12px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.7; width:1px; right:13px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.75; width:1px; right:14px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.8; width:1px; right:15px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.85; width:1px; right:16px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.9; width:1px; right:17px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); opacity:0.95; width:1px; right:18px"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); right:19px; width:14.230769230769px;"></div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); right:34.215384615385px; width:16.430769230769px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر الكمبري"><b>ك</b></a> </div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); right:50.646153846154px; width:12.8px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر الأوردوفيشي"><small><b>أ</b></small></a> </div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); right:63.446153846154px; width:7.5692307692308px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر السيلوري"><small><b>س</b></small></a> </div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); right:71.015384615385px; width:18.553846153846px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر الديفوني"><b>د</b></a> </div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); right:89.569230769231px; width:18.461538461538px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر الفحمي"><b>ف</b></a> </div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); right:108.03076923077px; width:14.460923076923px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر البرمي"><b>بر</b></a> </div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); right:122.49169230769px; width:15.569846153846px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر الثلاثي"><b>ث</b></a> </div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); right:138.06153846154px; width:17.323076923077px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر الجوراسي"><b>ج</b></a> </div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); right:155.38461538462px; width:24.307692307692px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر الطباشيري"><b>ط</b></a> </div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); right:179.69230769231px; width:13.221538461538px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر الباليوجيني"><small><b>ب</b></small></a> </div> <div id="bar" style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); right:192.91384615385px; width:6.2923076923077px;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر النيوجيني"><small><b>ن</b></small></a> </div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; right:199px"></div> <div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:200px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; right:33.846153846154px; width:166.15384615385px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; right:33.846153846154px; width:166.15384615385px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; right:34.846153846154px; width:164.15384615385px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></small></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"> <div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:Pristella_maxillaris.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pristella_maxillaris.jpg/280px-Pristella_maxillaris.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pristella_maxillaris.jpg/420px-Pristella_maxillaris.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pristella_maxillaris.jpg/560px-Pristella_maxillaris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1600"></a> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure> </div> <div> <small>سمكة <i>X-ray tetra</i> أو تترا الأشعة السينية (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="البريستيلا الفكية (الصفحة غير موجودة)">البريستيلا الفكية</a>) هي واحدة من عدد قليل من الحبليات التى يكون <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%81%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عمود فقري">عمودها الفقري</a> واضحاً للرؤية بالعين المجردة. ويقع <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="نخاع شوكي">الحبل الشوكي</a> للسمكة داخل عمودها الفقري.</small> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="sm_th" style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="مرتبة تصنيفية">المرتبة التصنيفية</a></th> <td class="sm_td" style=""><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9_(%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شعبة (تصنيف)">شعبة</a><sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-8b83546e929d8825b1168d2a606f4c0e0999d9b9_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-wikidata-8b83546e929d8825b1168d2a606f4c0e0999d9b9-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10915%23P105" title="تعديل قيمة خاصية (P105) في ويكي بيانات"><img alt="تعديل قيمة خاصية (P105) في ويكي بيانات" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/13px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/20px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/26px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3A4;color:#000000"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="التصنيف العلمي">التصنيف العلمي</a></th> </tr> <tr class="mw-empty-elt"> </tr> <tr> <td>النطاق:</td> <td><span class="النطاق" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%89?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="حقيقيات النوى">حقيقيات النوى</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td>المملكة:</td> <td><span class="المملكة" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="حيوان">الحيوانات</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td>القسم:</td> <td><span class="القسم" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ثانويات الفم">ثانويات الفم</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td>الشعبة:</td> <td><span class="الشعبة" style="white-space:nowrap;">الحبليات</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3A4;color:#000000"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AB%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="تسمية ثنائية">الاسم العلمي</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F9F9F9;color:#000000;"><i>Chordata<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-8b83546e929d8825b1168d2a606f4c0e0999d9b9_1-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-wikidata-8b83546e929d8825b1168d2a606f4c0e0999d9b9-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10915%23P225" title="تعديل قيمة خاصية (P225) في ويكي بيانات"><img alt="تعديل قيمة خاصية (P225) في ويكي بيانات" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/13px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/20px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/26px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></span></i><br clear="all"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="وليام باتسون">وليام باتسون</a>  ، 1885 <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10915%23P225" title="تعديل قيمة خاصية (P225) في ويكي بيانات"><img alt="تعديل قيمة خاصية (P225) في ويكي بيانات" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/13px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/20px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/26px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></span> </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="sm_th" style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">بداية المدى الزمني</th> <td class="sm_td" style=""><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="العصر الإدياكاري">العصر الإدياكاري</a> <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10915%23P523" title="تعديل قيمة خاصية (P523) في ويكي بيانات"><img alt="تعديل قيمة خاصية (P523) في ويكي بيانات" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/13px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/20px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Twemoji_270f.svg/26px-Twemoji_270f.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3A4;color:#000000">الصفوف النموذجية</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:right;background-color:#F9F9F9;color:#000000;"> <ul> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9_(%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شعيبة (تصنيف)">شعيبة</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="غلاليات">ذيل حبليات</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="كيسيات">كأسيات</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="مزهرات (الصفحة غير موجودة)">مزهرات</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="يرقيات (الصفحة غير موجودة)">يرقيات</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9_(%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شعيبة (تصنيف)">شعيبة</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3_%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="رأس حبليات">رأس حبليات</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9_(%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شعيبة (تصنيف)">شعيبة</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="أسماك مفترسة (الصفحة غير موجودة)">أسماك مفترسة</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9_(%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شعيبة (تصنيف)">شعيبة</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="فقاريات">الفقاريات</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3_%D8%AB%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="رأس ثعبانيات (الصفحة غير موجودة)">رأس ثعبانيات</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="لوحيات الأدمة">لوحيات الأدمة</a> (منقرضة)</li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%BA%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أسماك غضروفية">أسماك غضروفية</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="أكانثودي (الصفحة غير موجودة)">أكانثودي</a> (منقرضة)</li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شعاعية الزعانف">أسماك شعاعية الزعانف</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="أكتنستيا (الصفحة غير موجودة)">أكتنستيا</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="أسماك رئوية (الصفحة غير موجودة)">أسماك رئوية</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="برمائيات">برمائيات</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="زواحف">زواحف</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="طائر">طيور</a></li> <li><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ثدييات">ثدييات</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px # #D3D3A4 dotted; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: left;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:right;"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25D8%25AD%25D8%25A8%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D0"><span style="color:var(--color-base--hover, #555);">تعديل مصدري</span></a> - <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25D8%25AD%25D8%25A8%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%26veaction%3Dedit"><span style="color:var(--color-base--hover, #555);">تعديل</span></a> </span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A8:%25D8%25B5%25D9%2586%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2582_%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA_%25D9%2583%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A6%25D9%2586" title="طالع توثيق القالب"><img alt="طالع توثيق القالب" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p><b>الحبليات</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AB%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="تسمية ثنائية">الاسم العلمي</a>: <span dir="ltr" style="none">Chordata</span>)، هي <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9_(%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شعبة (تصنيف)">شعبة</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="حيوان">لحيوانات</a> توصف في مرحلة التكون الجنيني بأنها تملك <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%B8%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="حبل ظهري">حبلًا ظهريًا</a>، <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%B8%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="حبل عصبي ظهري">وحبلًًا عصبيًا ظهريًا</a> مجوفًا وشقوقًا بلعومية وشكلًا داخليًا <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B0%D9%8A%D9%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ذيل">وذيلًا</a> بعد فتحة الشرج على الأقل لفترة من دورات حياتها. ومن ناحية التصنيف، تشمل هذه الشعبة شعيبة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="فقاريات">الفقاريات</a> ومنها <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ثدييات">الثدييات</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="سمك">والأسماك</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="برمائيات">والبرمائيات</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="زواحف">والزواحف</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="طائر">والطيور</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="غلاليات">والغلاليات</a> تشمل <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="سالبيات">السالبيات</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="كيسيات">وزقاق البحر</a>؛ <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3_%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="رأس حبليات">الرأس حبليات</a>، التي تضم <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="سهيمات">السهيمات</a>. جميع أعضاء شعبة الحبليات لديها جانبان متشابهان، وتكون <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ثانويات الفم">ثانويات الفم</a>، ولها جوف ومفصصة. قُدِمَت شعبة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81_%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="نصف حبليات">نصف الحبليات</a> التي تشمل <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="دودة البلوط">ديدان البلوط</a> قديماً كشعيبة رابعة من شعبة الحبليات، لكنها الآن عادة ما تعامل كشعبة منفصلة. فهي الآن، جنباً إلى جنب مع شعبة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شوكيات الجلد">شوكيات الجلد</a> التي تشمل <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="نجم البحر">نجم البحر</a>، و <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%82%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B0_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="قنفذ البحر">قنافذ البحر</a>، و <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="خيار البحر">خيار البحر</a> وشبيهاتها هم أقرب أقارب الحبليات. ولقد عُرِفَت الحبليات البدائية في وقت مبكر من التاريخ يرجع على الأقل إلى زمن <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="الانفجار الكامبري">الانفجار الكمبري</a>. ويوجد حالياً أكثر من 75,000 <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9_(%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="نوع (تصنيف)">نوع</a> من الحبليات، نصفها من طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أسماك عظمية">الأسماك العظمية</a>. يعد أكبر حيوانات العالم مثل <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%A3%D8%B2%D8%B1%D9%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="حوت أزرق">الحوت الأزرق</a>، وأسرعها مثل صقر <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شاهين">الشاهين</a>، من الحبليات.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">محتويات</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">الصفات العامة للحبليات</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B8%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">الحبل الظهري</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B8%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">الحبل العصبي الظهري الأنبوبي</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">الجيوب البلعومية والفتحات الخيشومية</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A8"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">اتجاه سريان الدم في الأوعية الدموية الرئيسية وموضع القلب</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%8A%D9%84"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">منطقة الذيل</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF"><span class="tocnumber">1.6</span> <span class="toctext">زوجية الزوائد</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">التصنيف</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">تصنيف تقليدي</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">السلالات المتطورة</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B9"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">المراجع</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="الصفات_العامة_للحبليات"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B5.D9.81.D8.A7.D8.AA_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B9.D8.A7.D9.85.D8.A9_.D9.84.D9.84.D8.AD.D8.A8.D9.84.D9.8A.D8.A7.D8.AA"></span>الصفات العامة للحبليات</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: الصفات العامة للحبليات" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="الحبل_الظهري"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AD.D8.A8.D9.84_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B8.D9.87.D8.B1.D9.8A"></span>الحبل الظهري</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: الحبل الظهري" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>الحبل الظهري هو تركيب دعامي مرن يشبه العصا يوجد في منطقة الظهر، ويتكون من خلايا مليئة بالتجاويف تحاط بطبقة من نسيج ليفي وهي من أهم الصفات المشتركة لهذه الشعبة ومن هنا أتت تسميتها. وهذه الصفة غير موجودة بالمرة في اللافقاريات. والحبل الظهري يستمر طوال فترة حياة الحيوان مثل السهيم أو على الأقل يظهر في الأطوار الجنينية الأولى ثم تحل محله تدريجياً العمود الفقري وهذه الحالة التي تعرف بالفقاريات</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="الحبل_العصبي_الظهري_الأنبوبي"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AD.D8.A8.D9.84_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B9.D8.B5.D8.A8.D9.8A_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B8.D9.87.D8.B1.D9.8A_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.A3.D9.86.D8.A8.D9.88.D8.A8.D9.8A"></span>الحبل العصبي الظهري الأنبوبي</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: الحبل العصبي الظهري الأنبوبي" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>الحبل العصبي الظهري الأنبوبي مكون من أنبوبة عصبية تمتد في الجهة الظهرية للحبل الظهري من بداية الكائن إلى نهايته وعلى نقيض اللافقاريات حيث يوجد الحبل العصبي للحيوان في الجهة البطنية له كما لهذا السبب يتم تشريح الحيوان الحبلي من الجهة البطنية على العكس من تشريح الحيوان اللافقاري من الجهة الظهرية فيما عدا <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="حبار">الحبار</a> الذي يشرح من الجهة البطنية لوجود صدفة في الجهة الظهرية كما يوجد اختلاف آخر للحبل العصبي في الحبليات حيث أنه أجوف وتجرى داخله قناة تعرف بالقناة المركزية والتي تحتوي على سائل يسمى <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%8A_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="سائل دماغي شوكي">السائل المخي الشوكي</a> (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="اللغة الإنجليزية">بالإنجليزية</a>: <span class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">cerebrospinal fluid</span>)‏ وأيضاً ينتفخ الجزء الأمامي من الحبل العصبي مكوناً المخ.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="الجيوب_البلعومية_والفتحات_الخيشومية"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AC.D9.8A.D9.88.D8.A8_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.A8.D9.84.D8.B9.D9.88.D9.85.D9.8A.D8.A9_.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.81.D8.AA.D8.AD.D8.A7.D8.AA_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AE.D9.8A.D8.B4.D9.88.D9.85.D9.8A.D8.A9"></span>الجيوب البلعومية والفتحات الخيشومية</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: الجيوب البلعومية والفتحات الخيشومية" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>تتميز الحبليات بوجود فتحات في مقدمة الجهاز الهضمي (البلعوم) والتي تعرف بالفتحات الخيشومية، وهي إما أن تستمر طوال حياة الحيوان إذا كان الحيوان يعيش في الماء ويتنفس <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="خيشوم">بالخياشيم</a>، أو تغلق تدريجيا في فترات النمو إذا كان الحيوان يتنفس الهواء الجوي عن طريق <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="رئة">الرئتين</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="اتجاه_سريان_الدم_في_الأوعية_الدموية_الرئيسية_وموضع_القلب"><span id=".D8.A7.D8.AA.D8.AC.D8.A7.D9.87_.D8.B3.D8.B1.D9.8A.D8.A7.D9.86_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AF.D9.85_.D9.81.D9.8A_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.A3.D9.88.D8.B9.D9.8A.D8.A9_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AF.D9.85.D9.88.D9.8A.D8.A9_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B1.D8.A6.D9.8A.D8.B3.D9.8A.D8.A9_.D9.88.D9.85.D9.88.D8.B6.D8.B9_.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.82.D9.84.D8.A8"></span>اتجاه سريان الدم في الأوعية الدموية الرئيسية وموضع القلب</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: اتجاه سريان الدم في الأوعية الدموية الرئيسية وموضع القلب" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>في الكائنات الحبلية يكون سريان الدم في الأوعية الدموية الظهرية من الأمام للخلف ومن الخلف للأمام في الأوعية البطنية وذلك عكس اللافقاريات كما أن القلب يوجد في الناحية البطنية من الحيوان.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="منطقة_الذيل"><span id=".D9.85.D9.86.D8.B7.D9.82.D8.A9_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B0.D9.8A.D9.84"></span>منطقة الذيل</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: منطقة الذيل" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>منطقة الذيل هي المنطقة الخالية من الأحشاء والتي تأتي بعد نهاية القناة الهضمية أي بعد فتحة الشرج وهذه الصفة غائبة من اللافقاريات والذيل يحتوي على الحبل الظهري والحبل العصبي وأوعية دموية كما يوجد به عضلات والذيل إما أن يستمر طوال حياة الحيوان أو يوجد فقط في الأطوار الجنينية الأولى وفي هذه الحالة تختفي منطقة الذيل تدريجياً قبل الولادة كما في الإنسان أو قبل مرحلة الطور اليافع كما في <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%AF%D8%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ضفدع">الضفدع</a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="خنزير غينيا">وخنازير غينيا</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="زوجية_الزوائد"><span id=".D8.B2.D9.88.D8.AC.D9.8A.D8.A9_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B2.D9.88.D8.A7.D8.A6.D8.AF"></span>زوجية الزوائد</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: زوجية الزوائد" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>تحتوي الحبليات على أزواج من الزوائد على شكل زعانف كما في الحيوانات المائية أو أطراف للحبليات الأرضية. تتفق الحبليات مع بعض اللافقاريات في أنها تحتوي على سيلوم حقيقي كما أنها تتكون من طبقات جرثومية جنينية ثلاثة وهي من الحيوانات المتماثلة جانبياً مع وجود بعض الاستثناءات، وأيضاً جسمها معقل تكرارياً وهذا يتجلى بوضوح في العضلات.</p> <div class="thumb" style="float:left; margin-right:5px; border:solid #ccc 1px; padding:2px; width:408px; ;"> <div class="thumbinner image" style="position:relative; width:400px; height:340px; border:solid #ccc 1px; background-color:white;"> <div style=";left:0px; top:0px; width:400px; position:absolute;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="تشريح حبليات الرأس الحسيكة. البنود الغامقة هي مكونات لكل الحبليات في مرحلة ما من مراحل حياتهم، وتمييزهم عن غيرهم من الشعب."> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/400px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="130" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2165" data-file-height="704"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 400px;height: 130px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/400px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="400" data-height="130" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/600px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/800px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div style="text-align:right; background-color:transparent; line-height:110%;"> <div id="annotation_5x145" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:145px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">1 = انتفاخ في <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="نخاع شوكي">الحبل الشوكي</a> ("المخ")</span> </div> <div id="annotation_5x165" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:165px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">2 = <b><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%B8%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="حبل ظهري">الحبل الظهري</a></b></span> </div> <div id="annotation_5x185" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:185px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">3 = <b><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%B8%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="حبل عصبي ظهري">الحبل العصبي الظهري</a></b></span> </div> <div id="annotation_5x205" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:205px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">4 = <b>الذيل بعد الشرج</b></span> </div> <div id="annotation_5x225" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:225px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">5 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%AC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شرج">الشرج</a></span> </div> <div id="annotation_5x245" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:245px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">6 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%87%D8%B6%D9%85%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="جهاز هضمي">القناة الهضمية</a></span> </div> <div id="annotation_5x265" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:265px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">7 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="جهاز الدوران">نظام الدورة الدموية</a></span> </div> <div id="annotation_5x285" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:285px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">8 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="سم البطن (الصفحة غير موجودة)">سم البطن</a></span> </div> <div id="annotation_5x305" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:305px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">9 = ثغرة فوق <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="بلعوم">البلعوم</a></span> </div> <div id="annotation_5x325" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:325px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">10 = <b><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%B4%D9%82_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="شق بلعومي (الصفحة غير موجودة)">شق بلعومي</a></b> (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="خيشوم">خيشوم</a>)</span> </div> <div id="annotation_200x145" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:145px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">11 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="بلعوم">البلعوم</a></span> </div> <div id="annotation_200x165" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:165px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">12 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="دهليز الفم">الدهليز</a></span> </div> <div id="annotation_200x185" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:185px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">13 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="هدب">هدابات</a> الشفة</span> </div> <div id="annotation_200x205" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:205px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">14 = فتحة الفم</span> </div> <div id="annotation_200x225" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:225px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">15 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="غدة تناسلية">الغدد التناسلية</a> (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="مبيض">مبيض</a> / <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="خصية">خصية</a>)</span> </div> <div id="annotation_200x245" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:245px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">16 = مستشعر الضوء</span> </div> <div id="annotation_200x265" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:265px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">17 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عصب">الأعصاب</a></span> </div> <div id="annotation_200x285" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:285px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">18 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AB%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A8&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ثنية قرب الجنب (الصفحة غير موجودة)">ثنية قرب الجنب</a> (الصدر)</span> </div> <div id="annotation_200x305" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:305px; line-height:110%"> <span style="background-color:transparent;">19 = <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="الأعور الكبدي (الصفحة غير موجودة)">الأعور الكبدي</a> (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="كبد">كبد</a> شبيه بالكِيس)</span> </div> </div> <div style="visibility:hidden"> <span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/400px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="130" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2165" data-file-height="704"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 400px;height: 130px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/400px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="400" data-height="130" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/600px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/800px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size:90%; width:400px;"> تشريح <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3_%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="رأس حبليات">حبليات الرأس</a> <i><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="الحسيكة (الصفحة غير موجودة)">الحسيكة</a></i>. البنود الغامقة هي مكونات لكل الحبليات في مرحلة ما من مراحل حياتهم، وتمييزهم عن غيرهم من الشعب. </div> </div> <p><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is defined by having at some stage in their lives all of the following:<sup id="cite_ref-RychelSmithShimamotoSwalla2006_5-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-RychelSmithShimamotoSwalla2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:Pacific_hagfish_Myxine.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Pacific_hagfish_Myxine.jpg" decoding="async" width="199" height="149" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="149"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 199px;height: 149px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Pacific_hagfish_Myxine.jpg" data-width="199" data-height="149" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="قحفيات">القحفيات</a>: <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="سمكة الهاك (الصفحة غير موجودة)">سمكة الهاك</a> (الجرِّيث) </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:BU_Bio.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/BU_Bio.jpg/220px-BU_Bio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="356"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 181px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/BU_Bio.jpg/220px-BU_Bio.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="181" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/BU_Bio.jpg/330px-BU_Bio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/BU_Bio.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="غلاليات">الغلاليات</a>: نافورات البحر </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg/220px-Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="811"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 174px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg/220px-Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="174" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg/330px-Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg/440px-Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3_%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="رأس حبليات">حبليات الرأس</a>: <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="سهيم أوروبي">الرميح</a> </figcaption> </figure> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="التصنيف"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AA.D8.B5.D9.86.D9.8A.D9.81"></span>التصنيف</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: التصنيف" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="تصنيف_تقليدي"><span id=".D8.AA.D8.B5.D9.86.D9.8A.D9.81_.D8.AA.D9.82.D9.84.D9.8A.D8.AF.D9.8A"></span>تصنيف تقليدي</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: تصنيف تقليدي" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><b>شعبة الحبليات</b> <ul> <li>شعيبة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="غلاليات">الغلاليات</a> <ul> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="كيسيات">الكأسيات</a></li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ثالياشيا (الصفحة غير موجودة)">ثالياشيا</a></li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="يرقانيات">الزائديات</a> (اليرقانيات)</li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sorberacea&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sorberacea (الصفحة غير موجودة)">Sorberacea</a></li> </ul></li> <li>شعيبة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3_%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="رأس حبليات">الرأس حبليات</a> <ul> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="سهيمات">السهيمات</a></li> </ul></li> <li>شعيبة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="فقاريات">الفقاريات</a> (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="قحفيات">قحفيات</a>) <ul> <li>تحت شعبة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أصنوفة غير محددة">صنف غير محدد</a> <ul> <li>صف <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="لافكيات">اللافكيات</a> (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شبه عرق">شبه عرق</a>) <ul> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أسماك مخاطية">المخاطيات</a> (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أسماك مخاطية">سمك الجريث</a> )</li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="جلكانيات">الجلكانيات</a> أو <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="جلكانيات">دائريات الفم</a></li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="مخروطيات الأسنان">مخروطيات الأسنان</a> (منقرض)</li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="درعيات الجناح">درعيات الأجنحة</a> (منقرض)</li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="حلمية الأسنان">حلمية الأسنان</a> (منقرض)</li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أناسبيدا">أناسبيدا</a> (منقرض)</li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أشباه مدرعات الرأس">أشباه مدرعات الرأس</a> (منقرض)</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>تحت شعبة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%81%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="فكيات">الفكيات</a> <ul> <li>صف <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أصنوفة غير محددة">صنف غير محدد</a> <ul> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="لوحيات الأدمة">لوحيات الأدمة</a> (منقرض)</li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%BA%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أسماك غضروفية">الأسماك الغضروفية</a></li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="قرشيات شوكية">القرشيات الشوكية</a> (منقرض)</li> </ul></li> <li>صف <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أسماك عظمية">الأسماك العظمية</a> <ul> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شعاعيات الزعانف">شعاعيات الزعانف</a></li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="لحميات الزعانف">لحميات الزعانف</a></li> </ul></li> <li>صف <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ذوات الأربع">رباعية الأطراف</a> <ul> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="برمائيات">البرمائيات</a></li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="زواحف">الزواحف</a></li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B3&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="منصهرة القوس (الصفحة غير موجودة)">منصهرة القوس</a></li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="طائر">الطيور</a></li> <li>طائفة <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ثدييات">الثدييات</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="السلالات_المتطورة"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B3.D9.84.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.A7.D8.AA_.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.85.D8.AA.D8.B7.D9.88.D8.B1.D8.A9"></span>السلالات المتطورة</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: السلالات المتطورة" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-size:95%;line-height:95%"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><b>الحبليات</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3_%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="رأس حبليات">رأس حبليات</a></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="سهيم أوروبي">سهيم</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><b><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_(%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="شميات (حيوان)">الشَمِّيّات</a></b></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><i><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="هايكويلة (الصفحة غير موجودة)">الهايكويلة</a></i></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="غلاليات">الغلاليات</a></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="يرقانيات">اليرقانيات</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ثاليات">الثاليات</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="كيسيات">الكأسيات</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="قحفيات">القحفيات</a></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أسماك مخاطية">سمك الجريث</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="فقاريات">الفقاريات</a></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p>†<i><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%BA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="سمكة كونمينغ الفنغجياوية">سمكة كونمينغ الفنغجياوية</a></i></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p>†<i><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="سمكة جونغجيان المنقارية (الصفحة غير موجودة)">سمكة جونغجيان المنقارية</a></i></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="مخروطيات الأسنان">مخروطيات الأسنان</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أشباه مدرعات الرأس">أشباه مدرعات الرأس</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="جلكانيات">الجلكانيات</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="درعيات الجناح">درعيات الجناح</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="مدرعات العظم">مدرعات العظم</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%81%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="فكيات">الفكيات</a></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="لوحيات الأدمة">لوحيات الأدمة</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%BA%D8%B6%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أسماك غضروفية">أسماك غضروفية</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عظميات الفم">عظميات الفم</a></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="قرشيات شوكية">قرشيات شوكية</a>† (?مجموعة شبه عرقية)</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أسماك عظمية">أسماك عظمية</a></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="شعاعيات الزعانف">شعاعيات الزعانف</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="لحميات الزعانف">لحميات الزعانف</a></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="color:white;">void</span></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ذوات الأربع">رباعيات أطراف</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="برمائيات">البرمائيات</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="سلويات">السلويات</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ثدييات">الثدييات</a></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%87?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عظائيات الوجه">عظائيات الوجه</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="color:white;">void</span></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أشباه العظايا الحرشفية">أشباه العظايا الحرشفية</a> (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="سحلية">السحالي</a>، <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ثعبان">الثعابين</a>, <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="طراطرة">الطراطرة</a>, <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="موزاصوريات">الموزاصوريات</a>)</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;border-right:1px solid;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:1em;border:0;padding:0 0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"><br></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:0;padding:0;"><p> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أشباه الأركوصورات">أشباه الأركوصورات</a> (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="رصغيات الساق">رصغيات الساق</a>، <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="طائر">الطيور</a>, <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="مشطيات القدم الطيرية">مشطيات القدم الطيرية</a>)</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border:0;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="المراجع"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D9.85.D8.B1.D8.A7.D8.AC.D8.B9"></span>المراجع</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="عدل القسم: المراجع" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>عدل</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r64185426">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal;overflow-y:auto;max-height:300px}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}@media print{.mw-parser-output .reflist{overflow-y:visible!important;max-height:none!important}}</style> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-8b83546e929d8825b1168d2a606f4c0e0999d9b9-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-wikidata-8b83546e929d8825b1168d2a606f4c0e0999d9b9_1-0"><sup><i><b>ا</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-wikidata-8b83546e929d8825b1168d2a606f4c0e0999d9b9_1-1"><sup><i><b>ب</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-wikidata-8b83546e929d8825b1168d2a606f4c0e0999d9b9_1-2"><sup><i><b>ج</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67739214">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")left 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")left 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")left 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")left 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMichael_A_RuggieroDennis_P_GordonThomas_M_OrrellNicolas_Bailly2015" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Michael A Ruggiero; Dennis P Gordon; Thomas M Orrell; et al. (29 Apr 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4418965">"A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms"</a>. <i><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%88%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="بلوس ون">PLOS One</a></i> (بالإنجليزية). <b>10</b> (4): e0119248. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="بيب كود">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015PLoSO..1019248R">2015PLoSO..1019248R</a>. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="معرف الغرض الرقمي">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1371%252FJOURNAL.PONE.0119248">10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0119248</a>. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="الرقم التسلسلي القياسي الدولي">ISSN</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1932-6203">1932-6203</a>. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ببمد سنترال">PMC</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4418965">4418965</a></span>. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ببمد">PMID</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25923521">25923521</a>. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ويكي بيانات">QID</a>:<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19858624" class="extiw" title="d:Q19858624">Q19858624</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+One&rft.atitle=A+Higher+Level+Classification+of+All+Living+Organisms&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=e0119248&rft.date=2015-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4418965%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015PLoSO..1019248R&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25923521&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2FJOURNAL.PONE.0119248&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.au=Michael+A+Ruggiero&rft.au=Dennis+P+Gordon&rft.au=Thomas+M+Orrell&rft.au=Nicolas+Bailly&rft.au=Thierry+Bourgoin&rft.au=Richard+C+Brusca&rft.au=Thomas+Cavalier-Smith&rft.au=Michael+D+Guiry&rft.au=Paul+M+Kirk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4418965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="قالب:استشهاد بدورية محكمة">استشهاد بدورية محكمة</a>}}</code>: صيانة الاستشهاد: دوي مجاني غير معلم (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF:_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="تصنيف:صيانة الاستشهاد: دوي مجاني غير معلم">link</a>)</span> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21131747" class="extiw" title="d:Q21131747">(erratum)</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[أ]  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67739214"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-no_archive cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/ARA1993ENFRAR"><i>المعجم الموحد لمصطلحات علم الأحياء</i></a>، <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="قائمة إصدارات سلسلة المعاجم الموحدة">سلسلة المعاجم الموحدة</a> (8) (بالعربية والإنجليزية والفرنسية)، تونس: <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="مكتب تنسيق التعريب">مكتب تنسيق التعريب</a>، 1993، ص. 80، <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="مركز المكتبة الرقمية على الإنترنت">OCLC</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/929544775">929544775</a>، <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ويكي بيانات">QID</a>:<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114972534" class="extiw" title="d:Q114972534">Q114972534</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AC%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF+%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1&rft.place=%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3&rft.series=%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9+%288%29&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8+%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F929544775&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FARA1993ENFRAR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="Z3988"></span><br> [ب]  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67739214"><cite id="CITEREFوليد_عبد_الغني_كعكة2006" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-no_archive cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">وليد عبد الغني كعكة (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/KAK2006ENAR"><i>معجم مصطلحات علوم الحشرات والإدارة المتكاملة للآفات: الآفات الحشرية الزراعية و الطبية و البيطرية - إنجليزي - عربي</i></a>. مطبوعات جامعة الامارات العربية المتحدة (87) (بالعربية والإنجليزية) (ط. 1). العين: <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="جامعة الإمارات العربية المتحدة">جامعة الإمارات العربية المتحدة</a>. ص. 260. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/978-9948-02-125-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/978-9948-02-125-4"><bdi>978-9948-02-125-4</bdi></a>. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="مركز المكتبة الرقمية على الإنترنت">OCLC</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1227861266">1227861266</a>. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ويكي بيانات">QID</a>:<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125602383" class="extiw" title="d:Q125602383">Q125602383</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AC%D9%85+%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA%3A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%88+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%88+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9+-+%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A+-+%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A&rft.place=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86&rft.series=%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9+%2887%29&rft.pages=260&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1227861266&rft.isbn=978-9948-02-125-4&rft.au=%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF+%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%86%D9%8A+%D9%83%D8%B9%D9%83%D8%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FKAK2006ENAR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="Z3988"></span><br> [جـ]  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67739214"><cite id="CITEREFكورين_ستوكلي1993" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-no_archive cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">كورين ستوكلي (1993)، <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/STK1993ENAR"><i>معجم البيولوجيا المصور</i></a> (بالعربية والإنجليزية)، ترجمة: محمد أحمد شومان، مراجعة: محمد الدبس، بيروت: <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="أكاديميا إنترناشيونال">أكاديميا إنترناشيونال</a>، ص. 113، <a 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AC%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1&rft.place=%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7+%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F956925244&rft.au=%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86+%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FSTK1993ENAR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="Z3988"></span><br></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.accessscience.com/abstract.aspx?id%3D133700%26referURL%3Dhttp://www.accessscience.com/content.aspx?id%3D133700">AccessScience.com</a></span>. Retrieved 23 December 2012. <sup class="reference"><span title="هناك وصلة مكسورة في العبارة السابقة منذ مايو 2019" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ويكيبيديا:وصلات خارجية مكسورة">وصلة مكسورة</a>]</span></sup> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029212904/http://www.accessscience.com/abstract.aspx?id%3D133700%26referURL%3Dhttp://www.accessscience.com/content.aspx?id%3D133700">نسخة محفوظة</a> 29 أكتوبر 2013 على موقع <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83_%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="واي باك مشين">واي باك مشين</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67739214"><cite id="CITEREFValentine2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-no_archive">Valentine، J.W. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/onoriginofphyla0000vale"><i>On the Origin of Phyla</i></a>. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press. ص. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/onoriginofphyla0000vale/page/7">7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+the+Origin+of+Phyla&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=University+Of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Valentine&rft.aufirst=J.W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fonoriginofphyla0000vale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="Z3988"></span>"<cite>Classifications of organisms in hierarchical systems were in use by the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Usually organisms were grouped according to their morphological similarities as perceived by those early workers, and those groups were then grouped according to <b> their</b> similarities, and so on, to form a hierarchy</cite>"</span></li> <li id="cite_note-RychelSmithShimamotoSwalla2006-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-RychelSmithShimamotoSwalla2006_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67739214"><cite id="CITEREFRychel,_A.L.,_Smith,_S.E.,_Shimamoto,_H.T.,_and_Swalla,_B.J.2006" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-no_archive">Rychel, A.L., Smith, S.E., Shimamoto, H.T., and Swalla, B.J. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/sim_molecular-biology-and-evolution_2006-03_23_3/page/541">"Evolution and Development of the Chordates: Collagen and Pharyngeal Cartilage"</a>. <i>Molecular Biology and Evolution</i>. ج. 23 ع. 3: 541–549. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="معرف الغرض الرقمي">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsj055">10.1093/molbev/msj055</a>. <a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ببمد">PMID</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16280542">16280542</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Evolution+and+Development+of+the+Chordates%3A+Collagen+and+Pharyngeal+Cartilage&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=541-549&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsj055&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16280542&rft.au=Rychel%2C+A.L.%2C+Smith%2C+S.E.%2C+Shimamoto%2C+H.T.%2C+and+Swalla%2C+B.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_molecular-biology-and-evolution_2006-03_23_3%2Fpage%2F541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="قالب:استشهاد بدورية محكمة">استشهاد بدورية محكمة</a>}}</code>: صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (<a href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF:_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A9:_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A4%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="تصنيف:صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين">link</a>)</span></span></li> </ol> </div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r64177691">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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</section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> مجلوبة من «<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%26oldid%3D67511092">https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=حبليات&oldid=67511092</a>» </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://ar-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="" data-user-gender="" data-timestamp=""> <span>اعرض تاريخ تعديل هذه الصفحة.</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>اللغات</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugkoorddiere" title="Rugkoorddiere – الأفريقانية" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rugkoorddiere" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="الأفريقانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordatiere" title="Chordatiere – الألمانية السويسرية" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Chordatiere" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="الألمانية السويسرية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258A%25A0%25E1%2588%259D%25E1%258B%25B0%25E1%2588%25B5%25E1%258C%258C" title="አምደስጌ – الأمهرية" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አምደስጌ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="الأمهرية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الأراغونية" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="الأراغونية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AD%25D8%25A8%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA" title="حبليات – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="حبليات" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AD%25D8%25A8%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA" title="حبليات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حبليات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2595%2527%25E0%25A7%25B0%25E0%25A6%25A1%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="ক'ৰডাটা – الأسامية" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ক'ৰডাটা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="الأسامية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الأسترية" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="الأسترية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A1%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="कर्डेटा – الأوادية" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="कर्डेटा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="الأوادية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xordal%25C4%25B1lar" title="Xordalılar – الأذربيجانية" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xordalılar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="الأذربيجانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AE%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="خوردالیلار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="خوردالیلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Хордалылар – الباشكيرية" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Хордалылар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="الباشكيرية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – البالينية" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="البالينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuord%25C4%2597n%25C4%2593" title="Chuordėnē – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Chuordėnē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B%25D1%258F" title="Хордавыя – البيلاروسية" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хордавыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="البيلاروسية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B%25D1%258F" title="Хордавыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хордавыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8" title="Хордови – البلغارية" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хордови" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="البلغارية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A1%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%259F" title="कार्डेट – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कार्डेट" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A1%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="কর্ডাটা – البنغالية" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কর্ডাটা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="البنغالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BE%2592%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2590%25E0%25BD%2582%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BE%25B2%25E0%25BD%25BC%25E0%25BD%2582%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2586%25E0%25BD%2582%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258B" title="སྒལ་ཐག་སྲོག་ཆགས་ – التبتية" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྒལ་ཐག་སྲོག་ཆགས་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="التبتية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kordeg" title="Kordeg – البريتونية" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kordeg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="البريتونية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordati" title="Hordati – البوسنية" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hordati" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="البوسنية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D2%25AF%25D0%25B1%25D1%2588%25D1%258D%25D1%2582%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD" title="Хүбшэтэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хүбшэтэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordats" title="Cordats – الكتالانية" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cordats" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="الكتالانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%25C3%25A9k-s%25C3%25B3%25CC%25A4h_d%25C3%25B4ng-%25C5%25ADk" title="Cék-só̤h dông-ŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cék-só̤h dông-ŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybukobuko" title="Maybukobuko – السيبيوانية" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Maybukobuko" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="السيبيوانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25DB%2595%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="مازەداران – السورانية الكردية" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مازەداران" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="السورانية الكردية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strunatci" title="Strunatci – التشيكية" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Strunatci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="التشيكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D3%25B3%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8" title="Хирлӳлли – التشوفاشي" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хирлӳлли" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="التشوفاشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordog" title="Cordog – الويلزية" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cordog" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="الويلزية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordater" title="Chordater – الدانمركية" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Chordater" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="الدانمركية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordatiere" title="Chordatiere – الألمانية" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chordatiere" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="الألمانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%25A7%25CE%25BF%25CF%2581%25CE%25B4%25CF%2589%25CF%2584%25CE%25AC" title="Χορδωτά – اليونانية" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χορδωτά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="اليونانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate – الإنجليزية" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chordate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="الإنجليزية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25A4orduloj" title="Ĥorduloj – الإسبرانتو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĥorduloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="الإسبرانتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الإسبانية" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="الإسبانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keelikloomad" title="Keelikloomad – الإستونية" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keelikloomad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="الإستونية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kordatu" title="Kordatu – الباسكية" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kordatu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="الباسكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B7%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A8%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="طنابداران – الفارسية" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طنابداران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="الفارسية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selk%25C3%25A4j%25C3%25A4nteiset" title="Selkäjänteiset – الفنلندية" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Selkäjänteiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="الفنلندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الفاروية" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="الفاروية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الفرنسية" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="الفرنسية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cord%25C3%25A2s" title="Cordâs – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Cordâs" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragstringdiarten" title="Ragstringdiarten – الفريزينية الشمالية" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ragstringdiarten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="الفريزينية الشمالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%25C3%25AAchstringdieren" title="Rêchstringdieren – الفريزيان" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Rêchstringdieren" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="الفريزيان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الأيرلندية" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="الأيرلندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الغيلية الأسكتلندية" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="الغيلية الأسكتلندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordados" title="Cordados – الجاليكية" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cordados" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="الجاليكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mymba_s%25C3%25A3_atukup%25C3%25A9pe" title="Mymba sã atukupépe – الغوارانية" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mymba sã atukupépe" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="الغوارانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – المنكية" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="المنكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chit-sok_thung-vu%25CC%258Dt" title="Chit-sok thung-vu̍t – الهاكا الصينية" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chit-sok thung-vu̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="الهاكا الصينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259E%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A0%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%259D" title="מיתרניים – العبرية" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיתרניים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="العبرية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%2580" title="रज्जुकी – الهندية" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रज्जुकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="الهندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svitkovci" title="Svitkovci – الكرواتية" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Svitkovci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="الكرواتية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25B2de" title="Kòde – الكريولية الهايتية" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kòde" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="الكريولية الهايتية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerinch%25C3%25BArosok" title="Gerinchúrosok – الهنغارية" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gerinchúrosok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="الهنغارية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2594%25D5%25B8%25D6%2580%25D5%25A4%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BE%25D5%25B8%25D6%2580%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580" title="Քորդավորներ – الأرمنية" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քորդավորներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="الأرمنية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordato" title="Chordato – اللّغة الوسيطة" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Chordato" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="اللّغة الوسيطة" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الإندونيسية" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="الإندونيسية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الإيلوكو" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="الإيلوكو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Хорда – الإنجوشية" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Хорда" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="الإنجوشية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seild%25C3%25BDr" title="Seildýr – الأيسلندية" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Seildýr" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="الأيسلندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الإيطالية" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="الإيطالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2584%258A%25E7%25B4%25A2%25E5%258B%2595%25E7%2589%25A9" title="脊索動物 – اليابانية" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="脊索動物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="اليابانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/skoselti%2527e" title="skoselti'e – اللوجبان" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="skoselti'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="اللوجبان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الجاوية" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="الجاوية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A5%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%2598" title="ქორდიანები – الجورجية" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქორდიანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="الجورجية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timzikrin" title="Timzikrin – القبيلية" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Timzikrin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="القبيلية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Хордалылар – الكازاخستانية" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хордалылар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="الكازاخستانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25A1%25E0%25B3%2587%25E0%25B2%259F%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ಕಾರ್ಡೇಟ್ – الكانادا" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಾರ್ಡೇಟ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="الكانادا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%25B2%2599%25EC%2582%25AD%25EB%258F%2599%25EB%25AC%25BC" title="척삭동물 – الكورية" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="척삭동물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="الكورية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D1%258B%25D1%2588%25D0%25BA%25D1%2581%25C3%25B6%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%258D%25D0%25B7" title="Мышксöнаэз – كومي-بيرماياك" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Мышксöнаэз" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="كومي-بيرماياك" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%25C3%25BBnpi%25C5%259Ftdar_(fil%25C3%25BBm)" title="Stûnpiştdar (filûm) – الكردية" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Stûnpiştdar (filûm)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="الكردية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الكورنية" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="الكورنية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D1%2583" title="Хордалуу – القيرغيزية" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Хордалуу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="القيرغيزية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – اللاتينية" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="اللاتينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordad%25C3%25A9ieren" title="Chordadéieren – اللكسمبورغية" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Chordadéieren" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="اللكسمبورغية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordato" title="Cordato – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cordato" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordabieste" title="Chordabieste – الليمبورغية" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Chordabieste" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="الليمبورغية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordiniai" title="Chordiniai – الليتوانية" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chordiniai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="الليتوانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordai%25C5%2586i" title="Hordaiņi – اللاتفية" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hordaiņi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="اللاتفية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8" title="Хордови – المقدونية" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хордови" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="المقدونية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258B%25E0%25B5%25BC%25E0%25B4%25A1%25E0%25B5%2587%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B1" title="കോർഡേറ്റ – المالايالامية" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കോർഡേറ്റ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="المالايالامية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D3%25A9%25D0%25B2%25D1%2587%25D1%2582%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BD" title="Хөвчтөн – المنغولية" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хөвчтөн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="المنغولية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25AF%2580%25EA%25AF%25A3%25EA%25AF%2594%25EA%25AF%2597%25EA%25AF%25A5%25EA%25AF%2587%25EA%25AF%25A5" title="ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯥꯇꯥ – المانيبورية" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯥꯇꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="المانيبورية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A7%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2580_%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A5%2580" title="कणाधारी प्राणी – الماراثية" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कणाधारी प्राणी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="الماراثية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kordat" title="Kordat – الماليزية" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kordat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="الماليزية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – المالطية" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="المالطية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2592%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25BA" title="ကော်ဒိတ် – البورمية" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကော်ဒိတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="البورمية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D9%2586%25E2%2580%258C%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D9%2586" title="رسن‌دارون – المازندرانية" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رسن‌دارون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="المازندرانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruggensnarendeerter" title="Ruggensnarendeerter – الألمانية السفلى" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ruggensnarendeerter" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="الألمانية السفلى" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordadieren" title="Chordadieren – الهولندية" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chordadieren" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="الهولندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryggstrengdyr" title="Ryggstrengdyr – النرويجية نينورسك" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ryggstrengdyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="النرويجية نينورسك" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryggstrengdyr" title="Ryggstrengdyr – النرويجية بوكمال" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ryggstrengdyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="النرويجية بوكمال" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25C3%25AD%25C3%25ADgh%25C4%2585%25CC%2581%25C4%2585%25CC%2581sts%25CA%25BC%25C7%25AB%25C7%25ABd_Dah%25C3%25B3l%25C3%25B3n%25C3%25ADg%25C3%25AD%25C3%25AD" title="Bííghą́ą́stsʼǫǫd Dahólónígíí – النافاجو" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bííghą́ą́stsʼǫǫd Dahólónígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="النافاجو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الأوكسيتانية" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="الأوكسيتانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tushaaleeyyii" title="Tushaaleeyyii – الأورومية" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Tushaaleeyyii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="الأورومية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25C3%25A6%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B6%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582%25C3%25A6" title="Хордæджынтæ – الأوسيتيك" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хордæджынтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="الأوسيتيك" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%25A4%25E0%25A9%25B0%25E0%25A8%25A6%25E0%25A8%25A7%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A9%2580" title="ਤੰਦਧਾਰੀ – البنجابية" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੰਦਧਾਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="البنجابية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strunowce" title="Strunowce – البولندية" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Strunowce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="البولندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DA%2588%25DB%258C%25D9%25B9" title="کورڈیٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کورڈیٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordados" title="Cordados – البرتغالية" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cordados" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="البرتغالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasa_tiwlliyuq" title="Wasa tiwlliyuq – كيشوا" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wasa tiwlliyuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="كيشوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordate" title="Cordate – الرومانية" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cordate" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="الرومانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B%25D0%25B5" title="Хордовые – الروسية" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хордовые" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="الروسية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B" title="Хордовы – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Хордовы" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D0%25BA%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Хордалыктар – الساخيّة" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хордалыктар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="الساخيّة" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الصقلية" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="الصقلية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate – الأسكتلندية" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Chordate" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="الأسكتلندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25AA%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DA%258A%25D9%258A%25D9%25BD%25D8%25A7" title="ڪورڊيٽا – السندية" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪورڊيٽا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="السندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svitkovci" title="Svitkovci – صربية-كرواتية" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Svitkovci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="صربية-كرواتية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B6%25A2%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25A2%25E0%25B7%2594%25E0%25B6%259A" title="සරජ්ජුක – السنهالية" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සරජ්ජුක" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="السنهالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chordate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chord%25C3%25A1ty" title="Chordáty – السلوفاكية" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chordáty" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="السلوفاكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strunarji" title="Strunarji – السلوفانية" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Strunarji" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="السلوفانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savosuon%25C3%25A2siih" title="Savosuonâsiih – الإيناري سامي" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Savosuonâsiih" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="الإيناري سامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2587ordat%25C3%25ABt" title="Çordatët – الألبانية" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Çordatët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="الألبانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8" title="Хордати – الصربية" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хордати" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="الصربية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – السوندانية" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="السوندانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryggstr%25C3%25A4ngsdjur" title="Ryggsträngsdjur – السويدية" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ryggsträngsdjur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="السويدية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodata" title="Kodata – السواحلية" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kodata" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="السواحلية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25A8%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25A3%25E0%25AE%25BF" title="முதுகுநாணி – التاميلية" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதுகுநாணி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="التاميلية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25A1%25E0%25B1%2587%25E0%25B0%259F%25E0%25B0%25BE" title="కార్డేటా – التيلوغوية" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కార్డేటా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="التيلوغوية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD" title="Танобдорон – الطاجيكية" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Танобдорон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="الطاجيكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B9%258C%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25AB%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2587" title="สัตว์มีแกนสันหลัง – التايلاندية" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สัตว์มีแกนสันหลัง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="التايلاندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – التاغالوغية" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="التاغالوغية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monumanu_filo_siliva" title="Monumanu filo siliva – التونغية" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Monumanu filo siliva" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="التونغية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kordal%25C4%25B1lar" title="Kordalılar – التركية" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kordalılar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="التركية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Хордалылар – التترية" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Хордалылар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="التترية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%2596" title="Хордові – الأوكرانية" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хордові" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="الأوكرانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AD%25D8%25A8%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA" title="حبلیات – الأوردية" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حبلیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="الأوردية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xordalilar" title="Xordalilar – الأوزبكية" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xordalilar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="الأوزبكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%2590%25E1%25BB%2599ng_v%25E1%25BA%25ADt_c%25C3%25B3_d%25C3%25A2y_s%25E1%25BB%2591ng" title="Động vật có dây sống – الفيتنامية" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Động vật có dây sống" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="الفيتنامية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordab%25C3%25AAestn" title="Chordabêestn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Chordabêestn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata – الواراي" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="الواراي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2584%258A%25E7%25B4%25A2%25E5%258A%25A8%25E7%2589%25A9" title="脊索动物 – الوو الصينية" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="脊索动物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="الوو الصينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A5%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A4%25E1%2583%2598" title="ქორდიანეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქორდიანეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259B%25D7%2590%25D7%25A8%25D7%2593%25D7%2590%25D7%2598%25D7%259F" title="כארדאטן – اليديشية" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כארדאטן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="اليديشية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doenghduz_ndoencag" title="Doenghduz ndoencag – الزهيونج" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Doenghduz ndoencag" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="الزهيونج" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordabe%25C3%25AAsten" title="Chordabeêsten – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Chordabeêsten" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2584%258A%25E7%25B4%25A2%25E5%258A%25A8%25E7%2589%25A9" title="脊索动物 – الصينية" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="脊索动物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="الصينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chek-soh_t%25C5%258Dng-bu%25CC%258Dt" title="Chek-soh tōng-bu̍t – مين-نان الصينية" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chek-soh tōng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="مين-نان الصينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2584%258A%25E7%25B4%25A2%25E5%258B%2595%25E7%2589%25A9" title="脊索動物 – الكَنْتُونية" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="脊索動物" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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