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data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by EditorIJEE RajuAedla</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880908"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880908/Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cuddapah_intrusive_Province_Peninsular_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Petrography of ferrosyenites from the Cuddapah intrusive Province, Peninsular India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856595/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880908/Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cuddapah_intrusive_Province_Peninsular_India">Petrography of ferrosyenites from the Cuddapah intrusive Province, Peninsular India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The paper deals with the petrographic details of the subalkaline ferrosyenites which are emplaced...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The paper deals with the petrographic details of the subalkaline ferrosyenites which are emplaced in the Cuddapah intrusive province (CIP) of peninsular India. These leucocratic rare rock types (colour index ranges 7 to 19 vol%) are found emplaced at Gundlapalle and Gokanakonda in the Guntur district and at Uppalapadu in the Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh. All the ferrosyenites show equigranular, hypidiomorphic texture but mineralogically they are different, even though they are uniformly subalkaline in character. Ferrohedenbergite and its altered product called nontronite are found in Gundlapalle ferrosyenite, but fayalite along with clinopyroxene are found in Gokanakonda and Uppalapadu ferrosyenite. Again, at Gokanakonda, a second type of ferrosyenite is found with fayalite along with quartz.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6149bafe87cd4c0e07abfd675cae2a6c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856595,"asset_id":33880908,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856595/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880908"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880908"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880908; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880908]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880908]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880908; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880908']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6149bafe87cd4c0e07abfd675cae2a6c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880908]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880908,"title":"Petrography of ferrosyenites from the Cuddapah intrusive Province, Peninsular India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The paper deals with the petrographic details of the subalkaline ferrosyenites which are emplaced in the Cuddapah intrusive province (CIP) of peninsular India. These leucocratic rare rock types (colour index ranges 7 to 19 vol%) are found emplaced at Gundlapalle and Gokanakonda in the Guntur district and at Uppalapadu in the Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh. All the ferrosyenites show equigranular, hypidiomorphic texture but mineralogically they are different, even though they are uniformly subalkaline in character. Ferrohedenbergite and its altered product called nontronite are found in Gundlapalle ferrosyenite, but fayalite along with clinopyroxene are found in Gokanakonda and Uppalapadu ferrosyenite. Again, at Gokanakonda, a second type of ferrosyenite is found with fayalite along with quartz."},"translated_abstract":"The paper deals with the petrographic details of the subalkaline ferrosyenites which are emplaced in the Cuddapah intrusive province (CIP) of peninsular India. These leucocratic rare rock types (colour index ranges 7 to 19 vol%) are found emplaced at Gundlapalle and Gokanakonda in the Guntur district and at Uppalapadu in the Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh. All the ferrosyenites show equigranular, hypidiomorphic texture but mineralogically they are different, even though they are uniformly subalkaline in character. Ferrohedenbergite and its altered product called nontronite are found in Gundlapalle ferrosyenite, but fayalite along with clinopyroxene are found in Gokanakonda and Uppalapadu ferrosyenite. Again, at Gokanakonda, a second type of ferrosyenite is found with fayalite along with quartz.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880908/Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cuddapah_intrusive_Province_Peninsular_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:07.258-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717683,"work_id":33880908,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":123093261,"co_author_invite_id":6429187,"email":"m***i@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"ragi mallikarjunareddy","title":"Petrography of ferrosyenites from the Cuddapah intrusive Province, Peninsular India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856595,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856595/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0250.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856595/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cu.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856595/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0250-libre.pdf?1500026158=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPetrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cu.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133438\u0026Signature=ek7W0mCRTHA5lKIN0eY2suiu3F9CTF2gU3BOX3XA05pfojL~gHkyaMa0WjJvhREsX7LJi2aLluNnbzk2w3v7NFbnxaMX848pryeSfC7Ih54yqb8AslqieK5etJ-mgEZQLNWjz8zJETpDBcXtvEo-t6~1TEJvI6uey3F4XL6M-cTq57dQf2EjbkbekpgpzlisZecVp6jyXwxO42e6DbtI5TQaUJ5ttxvM1ggcHH9Up0l3hhuTqVKHIU2DI9P2IthtMjxMGx5-IMqF2DjsEsu3M7cITczlQ-oYNpSxKGYY40WffG17TLMCOpuhixPHNd52f~KYj2jjIcv95e-M7K-nHA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cuddapah_intrusive_Province_Peninsular_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The paper deals with the petrographic details of the subalkaline ferrosyenites which are emplaced in the Cuddapah intrusive province (CIP) of peninsular India. 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Again, at Gokanakonda, a second type of ferrosyenite is found with fayalite along with quartz.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856595,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856595/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0250.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856595/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cu.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856595/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0250-libre.pdf?1500026158=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPetrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cu.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133438\u0026Signature=ek7W0mCRTHA5lKIN0eY2suiu3F9CTF2gU3BOX3XA05pfojL~gHkyaMa0WjJvhREsX7LJi2aLluNnbzk2w3v7NFbnxaMX848pryeSfC7Ih54yqb8AslqieK5etJ-mgEZQLNWjz8zJETpDBcXtvEo-t6~1TEJvI6uey3F4XL6M-cTq57dQf2EjbkbekpgpzlisZecVp6jyXwxO42e6DbtI5TQaUJ5ttxvM1ggcHH9Up0l3hhuTqVKHIU2DI9P2IthtMjxMGx5-IMqF2DjsEsu3M7cITczlQ-oYNpSxKGYY40WffG17TLMCOpuhixPHNd52f~KYj2jjIcv95e-M7K-nHA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology"},{"id":10769,"name":"Tectonics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tectonics"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880907"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880907/Design_Aspects_of_Modern_Cement_Concrete_Pavements_in_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Design Aspects of Modern Cement Concrete Pavements in India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856593/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880907/Design_Aspects_of_Modern_Cement_Concrete_Pavements_in_India">Design Aspects of Modern Cement Concrete Pavements in India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/tchopra1">t chopra</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">There is an increasing trend for using concrete pavement all over the world because of its abilit...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">There is an increasing trend for using concrete pavement all over the world because of its ability to handle complex loading and environmental conditions that occur in highways. Finite element method is the best tool for analysis of the pavement slab. The pavement slab deteriorates under combined action of axle loads and temperature differential across the depth of slab. The present study illustrates a case study for thickness design and describes the different parameters associated with the design of rigid pavement for a National Highway in Punjab State using tied concrete shoulders. The possibility of bottom-up and top-down cracking was considered. The effect of moisture variations on the development of warping stresses is ignored. The thickness of a pavement slab reduces by about 30 percent if there is a tied concrete shoulder or when the slab has a widened outer lane.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9c3fa710bee7528f761f5e9db68ceba4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856593,"asset_id":33880907,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856593/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880907"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880907"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880907; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880907]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880907]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880907; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880907']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9c3fa710bee7528f761f5e9db68ceba4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880907]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880907,"title":"Design Aspects of Modern Cement Concrete Pavements in India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"There is an increasing trend for using concrete pavement all over the world because of its ability to handle complex loading and environmental conditions that occur in highways. 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Jute fiber is environmental-friendly and economical fiber. The slump value and compressive strength of specimens were carried out for three different fractions of jute fiber contents by volume. The slump value decreased sharply with increase in fiber content. The results of the compression test indicated that the presence of jute fiber tends to reduce the compressive strength of concrete at higher fiber content. Despite the reduction in the compressive strength at higher jute fiber content, there is an improvement of compressive strength at low jute fiber content.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="894c6b4eb61a4b6c6cbc62e629466609" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856594,"asset_id":33880906,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856594/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880906"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880906"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880906; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880906]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880906]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880906; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880906']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "894c6b4eb61a4b6c6cbc62e629466609" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880906]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880906,"title":"An Experimental Study to Check Compressive Strength of Concrete by Using Jute Fibers as Reinforcement","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"An experimental study of jute fiber concrete for compressive strength of concrete is carried out for making a good building material in terms of reinforcement. 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Despite the reduction in the compressive strength at higher jute fiber content, there is an improvement of compressive strength at low jute fiber content.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880906/An_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressive_Strength_of_Concrete_by_Using_Jute_Fibers_as_Reinforcement","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:07.024-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717679,"work_id":33880906,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429184,"email":"s***l@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Suminder Meerwal","title":"An Experimental Study to Check Compressive Strength of Concrete by Using Jute Fibers as Reinforcement"},{"id":29717680,"work_id":33880906,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":285042858,"co_author_invite_id":6429185,"email":"s***s@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Vikas Sofat","title":"An Experimental Study to Check Compressive Strength of Concrete by Using Jute Fibers as Reinforcement"},{"id":40445406,"work_id":33880906,"tagging_user_id":285042858,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":7936537,"email":"a***l@mmumullana.org","display_order":1073741825,"name":"Ankush Khadwal","title":"An Experimental Study to Check Compressive Strength of Concrete by Using Jute Fibers as Reinforcement"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856594,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856594/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0248.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856594/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856594/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0248-libre.pdf?1500026161=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743131219\u0026Signature=EuAi0ruE7UXJNKOySj95~iT5Y~-fHOrP22aSbLTiWd--ALFoysRjuEExgX~SwZxAT7M6sCFo52NrEkN1UdNrGqx9-D0HovBMz--HUkkcZk8Q3NGaFuzrHO6xIPgGQPeyHSoojqeMwFsvye0p0zLPXXOQa-1ZiR2wPQJ2RhLHFjb5vMGcU1zJwi~ZeXXWZH1DE~IKONl-tztOtTHw6CzQXFwOW8wMQvUucLrsFZurjRbZdO5ApYleG3joUGTTwrc1vv6vrZj~7l0xsb9jp-rPs2F1ZAqr7M7OwvT6uZYQeerXHpKtKk6pgq75kITT0ICIBJ-vqyGmy9qxyOPiEmqVZw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressive_Strength_of_Concrete_by_Using_Jute_Fibers_as_Reinforcement","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"An experimental study of jute fiber concrete for compressive strength of concrete is carried out for making a good building material in terms of reinforcement. Jute fiber is environmental-friendly and economical fiber. The slump value and compressive strength of specimens were carried out for three different fractions of jute fiber contents by volume. The slump value decreased sharply with increase in fiber content. The results of the compression test indicated that the presence of jute fiber tends to reduce the compressive strength of concrete at higher fiber content. Despite the reduction in the compressive strength at higher jute fiber content, there is an improvement of compressive strength at low jute fiber content.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856594,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856594/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0248.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856594/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856594/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0248-libre.pdf?1500026161=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743131219\u0026Signature=EuAi0ruE7UXJNKOySj95~iT5Y~-fHOrP22aSbLTiWd--ALFoysRjuEExgX~SwZxAT7M6sCFo52NrEkN1UdNrGqx9-D0HovBMz--HUkkcZk8Q3NGaFuzrHO6xIPgGQPeyHSoojqeMwFsvye0p0zLPXXOQa-1ZiR2wPQJ2RhLHFjb5vMGcU1zJwi~ZeXXWZH1DE~IKONl-tztOtTHw6CzQXFwOW8wMQvUucLrsFZurjRbZdO5ApYleG3joUGTTwrc1vv6vrZj~7l0xsb9jp-rPs2F1ZAqr7M7OwvT6uZYQeerXHpKtKk6pgq75kITT0ICIBJ-vqyGmy9qxyOPiEmqVZw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880905"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880905/An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_concrete_with_Recycled_Aggregates_and_Synthetic_Fibres_A_Literature_Review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856592/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880905/An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_concrete_with_Recycled_Aggregates_and_Synthetic_Fibres_A_Literature_Review">An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">It had been a common practice in the ancient communities to reuse valuable left over materials, e...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">It had been a common practice in the ancient communities to reuse valuable left over materials, e.g. metals and building materials from deconstruction of previous thing or property. But the " use-and-throwaway " philosophy had led to depletion of natural resources and pollution of world. This paper presents the use of Recycled Coarse Aggregate and Recron 3S in Concrete to be used for general building construction-residential, commercial and industrial. Replacing Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) with Recycled Construction & Demolition (C&D) Waste Aggregate and adding Recron-3S synthetic fibre. Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) replaces NCA by 40% and adding Recron 3S in 0.125% , 0.25% in concrete. The use of RCA from the C & D waste proposes to be a win-win-win situation, as instead of creating big landfill, saving of natural physical topography and reducing the production of Carbon dioxide by half. The aim of this paper is to discuss the use of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) with Recron 3S fibre in construction industry.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="82e2c761a2bd763269618d802c60138f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856592,"asset_id":33880905,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856592/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880905"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880905"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880905; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880905]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880905]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880905; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880905']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "82e2c761a2bd763269618d802c60138f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880905]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880905,"title":"An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"It had been a common practice in the ancient communities to reuse valuable left over materials, e.g. metals and building materials from deconstruction of previous thing or property. But the \" use-and-throwaway \" philosophy had led to depletion of natural resources and pollution of world. This paper presents the use of Recycled Coarse Aggregate and Recron 3S in Concrete to be used for general building construction-residential, commercial and industrial. Replacing Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) with Recycled Construction \u0026 Demolition (C\u0026D) Waste Aggregate and adding Recron-3S synthetic fibre. Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) replaces NCA by 40% and adding Recron 3S in 0.125% , 0.25% in concrete. The use of RCA from the C \u0026 D waste proposes to be a win-win-win situation, as instead of creating big landfill, saving of natural physical topography and reducing the production of Carbon dioxide by half. The aim of this paper is to discuss the use of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) with Recron 3S fibre in construction industry."},"translated_abstract":"It had been a common practice in the ancient communities to reuse valuable left over materials, e.g. metals and building materials from deconstruction of previous thing or property. But the \" use-and-throwaway \" philosophy had led to depletion of natural resources and pollution of world. This paper presents the use of Recycled Coarse Aggregate and Recron 3S in Concrete to be used for general building construction-residential, commercial and industrial. Replacing Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) with Recycled Construction \u0026 Demolition (C\u0026D) Waste Aggregate and adding Recron-3S synthetic fibre. Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) replaces NCA by 40% and adding Recron 3S in 0.125% , 0.25% in concrete. The use of RCA from the C \u0026 D waste proposes to be a win-win-win situation, as instead of creating big landfill, saving of natural physical topography and reducing the production of Carbon dioxide by half. The aim of this paper is to discuss the use of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) with Recron 3S fibre in construction industry.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880905/An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_concrete_with_Recycled_Aggregates_and_Synthetic_Fibres_A_Literature_Review","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:06.693-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717676,"work_id":33880905,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":40782223,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***u@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"M.C Choudhary","title":"An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review"},{"id":29717677,"work_id":33880905,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5971383,"email":"a***a@rediffmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Aggarwal_Vanita@Rediffmail Com","title":"An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review"},{"id":29717678,"work_id":33880905,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":35153127,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***1@gmail.com","display_order":3,"name":"Monica Agarwal","title":"An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856592,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856592/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0247.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856592/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856592/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0247-libre.pdf?1500026163=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=DtmVzWcDsfnUNW-VzL89mLQ4WQiEbIN60SCgmXzgy5nV83l62iOEZ4pfZcjT~tuo8peAMI4wLUWwEYBhh5p5dDvC2qDYcH70G9EnHhJ-T1gDmbrk5cnRRNssMmv~FyezAKnlhqH2faYkeL47lIP3UELvtMULpAAEVknDw0WahAS~VFsJCM0PVDoxccZeiwu2xZ96NPurkhzqmC3oi0caob-OJczmxowBwSxNcz8igJEXSWaww6dEI6OTEgkPiLBiPfjZIUFhdQgyY999ouZ2S-RvdNJR7tVcmLnin1qdyujRdCfJoWK6Ey1VaEAvgdwlAud9aTNHlcqqQMhXU25KYQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_concrete_with_Recycled_Aggregates_and_Synthetic_Fibres_A_Literature_Review","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"It had been a common practice in the ancient communities to reuse valuable left over materials, e.g. metals and building materials from deconstruction of previous thing or property. But the \" use-and-throwaway \" philosophy had led to depletion of natural resources and pollution of world. This paper presents the use of Recycled Coarse Aggregate and Recron 3S in Concrete to be used for general building construction-residential, commercial and industrial. Replacing Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) with Recycled Construction \u0026 Demolition (C\u0026D) Waste Aggregate and adding Recron-3S synthetic fibre. Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) replaces NCA by 40% and adding Recron 3S in 0.125% , 0.25% in concrete. The use of RCA from the C \u0026 D waste proposes to be a win-win-win situation, as instead of creating big landfill, saving of natural physical topography and reducing the production of Carbon dioxide by half. The aim of this paper is to discuss the use of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) with Recron 3S fibre in construction industry.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856592,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856592/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0247.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856592/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856592/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0247-libre.pdf?1500026163=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=DtmVzWcDsfnUNW-VzL89mLQ4WQiEbIN60SCgmXzgy5nV83l62iOEZ4pfZcjT~tuo8peAMI4wLUWwEYBhh5p5dDvC2qDYcH70G9EnHhJ-T1gDmbrk5cnRRNssMmv~FyezAKnlhqH2faYkeL47lIP3UELvtMULpAAEVknDw0WahAS~VFsJCM0PVDoxccZeiwu2xZ96NPurkhzqmC3oi0caob-OJczmxowBwSxNcz8igJEXSWaww6dEI6OTEgkPiLBiPfjZIUFhdQgyY999ouZ2S-RvdNJR7tVcmLnin1qdyujRdCfJoWK6Ey1VaEAvgdwlAud9aTNHlcqqQMhXU25KYQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880905-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880904"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880904/Application_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_Treatment_of_Domestic_Effluent_A_Comparative_Analysis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Application of Activated Carbon in the Treatment of Domestic Effluent: A Comparative Analysis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856590/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880904/Application_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_Treatment_of_Domestic_Effluent_A_Comparative_Analysis">Application of Activated Carbon in the Treatment of Domestic Effluent: A Comparative Analysis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The lives of humans and animals are affected straight by the amount of harmful substances in wate...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The lives of humans and animals are affected straight by the amount of harmful substances in water streams. Municipal wastewaters contains dissolved pollutant can therefore contaminate water resources and causes grave water/ environmental problem. In the current study, sorption capacities of Coconut Shell, Corn Cobs, Rice husk and Sugarcane Bagasse were examined for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The percent removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity increases with increase in impregnation ration and temperature. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were employed to the obtained data to check for fitness of the models. The percentage removal for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity for Rice Husk are 89%, 100% and 100%, Sugarcane Bagasse: 89%, 100% and 100%, Coconut Shell: 78%, 97% and 70% and Corn Cobs: 78%, 97% and 63% respectively. A Langmuir and Freundlich model adequately fits the adsorption data with coefficient of determination (R 2) near unity. The present data confirms that activated carbon from Rice Husk, Sugarcane Bagasse, Coconut Shell and Corn Cobs may be used as effective adsorbent for treatment pollutant from aqueous solutions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880904-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880904-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256862/figure-1-chart-showing-percentage-removal-the-study-of-batch"><img alt="Figure 1: Chart showing percentage removal The study of batch adsorption of domestic wastewater using activated carbon (CS, CC, RH and SB) which are activated at a temperature of 500°C were presented above. The effects of impregnation ratio and activation temperature were prominent for the fact that impregnation ratio activation temperature were among the most important parameter which determines the adsorption properties of activated carbon [18]. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256868/figure-2-key-cs-coconut-shell-cc-corn-cobs-rh-rice-husk-sb"><img alt="Key: CS: Coconut shell, CC: Corn Cobs, RH: Rice Husk, SB: sugarcane Bagasse. Various impregnation ratios are indicated by subscripts 1, 1.5 and 2 respectively. Figure 2: Chart showing percentage removal " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256874/figure-3-key-cs-coconut-shell-cc-corn-cobs-rh-rice-husk-sb"><img alt="Key: CS: Coconut shell, CC: Corn Cobs, RH: Rice Husk, SB: sugarcane Bagasse. Various impregnation ratios are indicated by subscripts 1, 1.5 and 2 respectively. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256881/figure-4-langmuir-and-freundlich-models-were-applied-in-this"><img alt="Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied in this study. The various plots obtained with their coefficient of determination (R*) were presented below. Fig.4: Freundlich adsorption isotherm of Coconut Shell activated carbon for COD adsorption in domestic wastewater " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256891/figure-5-the-mechanism-of-adsorption-of-csac-corresponds"><img alt="The mechanism of adsorption of CSAC corresponds with the Freundlich model more than the Langmuir model. The coefficient of correlation was found to 0.9573. Hence, indicating a favorable adsorption. Fig.5: Langmuir adsorption isotherm of Corn cobs activated carbon for COD adsorption in domestic wastewater " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256897/figure-6-langmuir-adsorption-isotherm-of-rice-husk-activated"><img alt="Fig.6: Langmuir adsorption isotherm of Rice Husk activated carbon for COD adsorption in domestic wastewater " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256908/table-2-key-cs-coconut-shell-cc-corn-cobs-rh-rice-husk-sb"><img alt="Key: CS: Coconut shell, CC: Corn Cobs, RH: Rice Husk, SB: sugarcane Bagasse. Various impregnation ratios are indicated by subscripts 1, 1.5 and 2 respectively. Table 2: Characteristics of treated wastewater parameters using Activated Carbon prepared at temperature of 500°C with different impregnation ratios showing percentage removal " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256920/table-1-characteristics-of-domestic-wastewater-before"><img alt="Table 1: Characteristics of domestic wastewater before treatment with activated carbon " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256934/table-3-application-of-activated-carbon-in-the-treatment-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256952/table-4-application-of-activated-carbon-in-the-treatment-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256969/table-4-characteristics-of-treated-wastewater-parameters"><img alt="Table 4: Characteristics of treated wastewater parameters using Activated Carbon prepared at temperature of 600°C with different impregnation ratios showing percentage removal Table 4: Characteristics of treated wastewater parameters using Activated Carbon prepared at temperature of 600°C with different impregnation ratios showing percentage removal " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880904-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8f6cdf398d730a1842371a874972fb19" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856590,"asset_id":33880904,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856590/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880904"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880904"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880904; 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Municipal wastewaters contains dissolved pollutant can therefore contaminate water resources and causes grave water/ environmental problem. In the current study, sorption capacities of Coconut Shell, Corn Cobs, Rice husk and Sugarcane Bagasse were examined for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The percent removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity increases with increase in impregnation ration and temperature. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were employed to the obtained data to check for fitness of the models. The percentage removal for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity for Rice Husk are 89%, 100% and 100%, Sugarcane Bagasse: 89%, 100% and 100%, Coconut Shell: 78%, 97% and 70% and Corn Cobs: 78%, 97% and 63% respectively. A Langmuir and Freundlich model adequately fits the adsorption data with coefficient of determination (R 2) near unity. The present data confirms that activated carbon from Rice Husk, Sugarcane Bagasse, Coconut Shell and Corn Cobs may be used as effective adsorbent for treatment pollutant from aqueous solutions."},"translated_abstract":"The lives of humans and animals are affected straight by the amount of harmful substances in water streams. Municipal wastewaters contains dissolved pollutant can therefore contaminate water resources and causes grave water/ environmental problem. In the current study, sorption capacities of Coconut Shell, Corn Cobs, Rice husk and Sugarcane Bagasse were examined for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The percent removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity increases with increase in impregnation ration and temperature. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were employed to the obtained data to check for fitness of the models. The percentage removal for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity for Rice Husk are 89%, 100% and 100%, Sugarcane Bagasse: 89%, 100% and 100%, Coconut Shell: 78%, 97% and 70% and Corn Cobs: 78%, 97% and 63% respectively. A Langmuir and Freundlich model adequately fits the adsorption data with coefficient of determination (R 2) near unity. The present data confirms that activated carbon from Rice Husk, Sugarcane Bagasse, Coconut Shell and Corn Cobs may be used as effective adsorbent for treatment pollutant from aqueous solutions.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880904/Application_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_Treatment_of_Domestic_Effluent_A_Comparative_Analysis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:06.473-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717673,"work_id":33880904,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":53283660,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***7@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Chhotu Ram","title":"Application of Activated Carbon in the Treatment of Domestic Effluent: A Comparative Analysis"},{"id":29717674,"work_id":33880904,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":36847506,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"k***n@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"kulbir nain","title":"Application of Activated Carbon in the Treatment of Domestic Effluent: A Comparative Analysis"},{"id":29717675,"work_id":33880904,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":43154042,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***9@gmail.com","display_order":3,"name":"sadiq A waziri","title":"Application of Activated Carbon in the Treatment of Domestic Effluent: A Comparative Analysis"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856590,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856590/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0246.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856590/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Application_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_T.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856590/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0246-libre.pdf?1500026164=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DApplication_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_T.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=BYClcIvSyEXnid-gH3XOrIE2IUB6d9dU~t~UKCFvmsAAwzv1Z0JDy6HBxjZTHjBPRNQZDf7zts173UAe5sDXRxb1uuu~pdgJB-FQq7DJOPXPJ-FDJL0Qbv6u02UNYqZnUA3wh5MLSAnJNYJgKcpqQh-BnvIoAI5wIef3rl2Z4TnKZ5M~FEeWEXSW8WnsBOs9~m76-D9Alre6MOUTlCLDUvXLTSKfwCe9T4F0xKIkfZNux7u9E~SjEt8Kl7bhU92h6URPEuae-THOmEBDBphBlAW0wOg5PsJSM9nCIXpRoYviLfGwUT0pj~DQlPZ2joL0wZYE0vAPPoJJmPV-qKradA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Application_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_Treatment_of_Domestic_Effluent_A_Comparative_Analysis","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The lives of humans and animals are affected straight by the amount of harmful substances in water streams. Municipal wastewaters contains dissolved pollutant can therefore contaminate water resources and causes grave water/ environmental problem. In the current study, sorption capacities of Coconut Shell, Corn Cobs, Rice husk and Sugarcane Bagasse were examined for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The percent removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity increases with increase in impregnation ration and temperature. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were employed to the obtained data to check for fitness of the models. The percentage removal for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity for Rice Husk are 89%, 100% and 100%, Sugarcane Bagasse: 89%, 100% and 100%, Coconut Shell: 78%, 97% and 70% and Corn Cobs: 78%, 97% and 63% respectively. A Langmuir and Freundlich model adequately fits the adsorption data with coefficient of determination (R 2) near unity. The present data confirms that activated carbon from Rice Husk, Sugarcane Bagasse, Coconut Shell and Corn Cobs may be used as effective adsorbent for treatment pollutant from aqueous solutions.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856590,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856590/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0246.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856590/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Application_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_T.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856590/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0246-libre.pdf?1500026164=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DApplication_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_T.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=BYClcIvSyEXnid-gH3XOrIE2IUB6d9dU~t~UKCFvmsAAwzv1Z0JDy6HBxjZTHjBPRNQZDf7zts173UAe5sDXRxb1uuu~pdgJB-FQq7DJOPXPJ-FDJL0Qbv6u02UNYqZnUA3wh5MLSAnJNYJgKcpqQh-BnvIoAI5wIef3rl2Z4TnKZ5M~FEeWEXSW8WnsBOs9~m76-D9Alre6MOUTlCLDUvXLTSKfwCe9T4F0xKIkfZNux7u9E~SjEt8Kl7bhU92h6URPEuae-THOmEBDBphBlAW0wOg5PsJSM9nCIXpRoYviLfGwUT0pj~DQlPZ2joL0wZYE0vAPPoJJmPV-qKradA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880904-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880903"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880903/Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_Cost_of_a_Rigid_Pavement"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856588/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880903/Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_Cost_of_a_Rigid_Pavement">Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DEEPAKSAINI34">DEEPAK SAINI</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SaurabhGarg16">Saurabh Garg</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">It is generally believed that increase in subgrade strength leads to decrease in the thickness of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">It is generally believed that increase in subgrade strength leads to decrease in the thickness of a rigid pavement which helps in reducing the cost of pavement. The guidelines of Indian Roads Congress (IRC) for the design of rigid pavements also recommend the use of select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade for design of cement concrete pavement for roads having traffic greater than 450 CVPD. An attempt has been made in this paper to study the effect of variation in subgrade strength on thickness and cost of a rigid pavement. It is found that the thickness and cost of pavement may not decrease with an increase in the strength of subgrade soil. The provision of using select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade of the road as recommended by IRC, therefore, needs to be applied carefully.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ee681d833b83305e18fa0a1bfd6f7f04" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856588,"asset_id":33880903,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856588/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880903"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880903"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880903; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880903]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880903]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880903; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880903']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ee681d833b83305e18fa0a1bfd6f7f04" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880903]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880903,"title":"Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"It is generally believed that increase in subgrade strength leads to decrease in the thickness of a rigid pavement which helps in reducing the cost of pavement. The guidelines of Indian Roads Congress (IRC) for the design of rigid pavements also recommend the use of select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade for design of cement concrete pavement for roads having traffic greater than 450 CVPD. An attempt has been made in this paper to study the effect of variation in subgrade strength on thickness and cost of a rigid pavement. It is found that the thickness and cost of pavement may not decrease with an increase in the strength of subgrade soil. The provision of using select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade of the road as recommended by IRC, therefore, needs to be applied carefully.","ai_title_tag":"Impact of Subgrade Strength on Rigid Pavement Cost and Thickness"},"translated_abstract":"It is generally believed that increase in subgrade strength leads to decrease in the thickness of a rigid pavement which helps in reducing the cost of pavement. The guidelines of Indian Roads Congress (IRC) for the design of rigid pavements also recommend the use of select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade for design of cement concrete pavement for roads having traffic greater than 450 CVPD. An attempt has been made in this paper to study the effect of variation in subgrade strength on thickness and cost of a rigid pavement. It is found that the thickness and cost of pavement may not decrease with an increase in the strength of subgrade soil. The provision of using select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade of the road as recommended by IRC, therefore, needs to be applied carefully.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880903/Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_Cost_of_a_Rigid_Pavement","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:06.380-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717671,"work_id":33880903,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":242586728,"co_author_invite_id":6355250,"email":"s***a@yahoo.co.in","display_order":1,"name":"S. Sachdeva","title":"Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement"},{"id":29717672,"work_id":33880903,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":45136373,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***2@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"DEEPAK SAINI","title":"Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement"},{"id":30144755,"work_id":33880903,"tagging_user_id":45136373,"tagged_user_id":29329407,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***6@gmail.com","display_order":4194305,"name":"Saurabh Garg","title":"Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856588,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856588/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0245.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856588/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856588/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0245-libre.pdf?1500026161=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=BoBPjvI5C65-zAEiXXZOt11SqdqcY6NERiJuq2rQsC6dQe~0gJ-FK0P8~oP8GuxmYW1mXihq2pshb-SJbX~AKMiOsOWOmv43vZZXYvfw9GsWmZNgZEioQj8tyHJ19tMAmzATkTcPpcYKkElqgFv-BfH1z4O0Ip67wSnu30R3dbT~p9uyDvPN~4TNfXOXe2QpB7kgWKJ6q8SFdwmkOzuCCe6Ksg4pfkhAQT~gcuKO7IMvmFCV9JpwFnm3Dz2L2YlMw1GX4RpOxAsZuaCmeefvkVVdu4LYOVrhuaKYmLspjLzDP~R3XzGTVXJCJbyTWFzjny~qxMiFS1ODnfvVrvxyXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_Cost_of_a_Rigid_Pavement","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"It is generally believed that increase in subgrade strength leads to decrease in the thickness of a rigid pavement which helps in reducing the cost of pavement. The guidelines of Indian Roads Congress (IRC) for the design of rigid pavements also recommend the use of select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade for design of cement concrete pavement for roads having traffic greater than 450 CVPD. An attempt has been made in this paper to study the effect of variation in subgrade strength on thickness and cost of a rigid pavement. It is found that the thickness and cost of pavement may not decrease with an increase in the strength of subgrade soil. The provision of using select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade of the road as recommended by IRC, therefore, needs to be applied carefully.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856588,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856588/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0245.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856588/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856588/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0245-libre.pdf?1500026161=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=BoBPjvI5C65-zAEiXXZOt11SqdqcY6NERiJuq2rQsC6dQe~0gJ-FK0P8~oP8GuxmYW1mXihq2pshb-SJbX~AKMiOsOWOmv43vZZXYvfw9GsWmZNgZEioQj8tyHJ19tMAmzATkTcPpcYKkElqgFv-BfH1z4O0Ip67wSnu30R3dbT~p9uyDvPN~4TNfXOXe2QpB7kgWKJ6q8SFdwmkOzuCCe6Ksg4pfkhAQT~gcuKO7IMvmFCV9JpwFnm3Dz2L2YlMw1GX4RpOxAsZuaCmeefvkVVdu4LYOVrhuaKYmLspjLzDP~R3XzGTVXJCJbyTWFzjny~qxMiFS1ODnfvVrvxyXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880903-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880902"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880902/Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality_through_Index_Method_A_Case_Study_of_Hapur_City_Uttar_Pradesh_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856589/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880902/Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality_through_Index_Method_A_Case_Study_of_Hapur_City_Uttar_Pradesh_India">Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Ground...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Groundwater samples were collected from 20 shallow wells and analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated to show the overall water quality status in a single term. The results of this study revealed that the concentration of alkalinity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, nitrate, fluoride and chlorides is higher than the permissible limits as prescribed by the Bureau of Indian standards. The WQI for all samples were found in the range of 12 to 211.This study indicates that the drinking water of the city do not conform to the recommended standards and hence it is suggested to take rational steps to manage water quality in this region before it becomes a crisis, as this will affect the economy and will also lead to various water-borne diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="16d4e0b36f2260aa4263c9bd46eebf2e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856589,"asset_id":33880902,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856589/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880902"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880902"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880902; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880902]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880902]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880902; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880902']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "16d4e0b36f2260aa4263c9bd46eebf2e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880902]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880902,"title":"Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Groundwater samples were collected from 20 shallow wells and analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated to show the overall water quality status in a single term. The results of this study revealed that the concentration of alkalinity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, nitrate, fluoride and chlorides is higher than the permissible limits as prescribed by the Bureau of Indian standards. The WQI for all samples were found in the range of 12 to 211.This study indicates that the drinking water of the city do not conform to the recommended standards and hence it is suggested to take rational steps to manage water quality in this region before it becomes a crisis, as this will affect the economy and will also lead to various water-borne diseases."},"translated_abstract":"The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Groundwater samples were collected from 20 shallow wells and analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated to show the overall water quality status in a single term. The results of this study revealed that the concentration of alkalinity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, nitrate, fluoride and chlorides is higher than the permissible limits as prescribed by the Bureau of Indian standards. The WQI for all samples were found in the range of 12 to 211.This study indicates that the drinking water of the city do not conform to the recommended standards and hence it is suggested to take rational steps to manage water quality in this region before it becomes a crisis, as this will affect the economy and will also lead to various water-borne diseases.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880902/Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality_through_Index_Method_A_Case_Study_of_Hapur_City_Uttar_Pradesh_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:06.217-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717664,"work_id":33880902,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":40418469,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@mmumullana.org","affiliation":"Maharishi Markandeshwar University","display_order":1,"name":"Chadetrik Rout","title":"Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India"},{"id":29717665,"work_id":33880902,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":42476077,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Chadetrik Rout","title":"Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India"},{"id":29717666,"work_id":33880902,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5971383,"email":"a***a@rediffmail.com","display_order":3,"name":"Aggarwal_Vanita@Rediffmail Com","title":"Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India"},{"id":29717667,"work_id":33880902,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429182,"email":"m***u@rediffmail.com","display_order":4,"name":"Deoria Parishad","title":"Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856589,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856589/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0244.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856589/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856589/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0244-libre.pdf?1500026163=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=K4nolhZiaaIGkUgKPNId9bOFGEuGtVECm3P9Q1XZEFHVhlZV3mvxUoN8PIf-gDWXxYD5wGhbkTfBT8de0LHUmti-RebaHpX5tpSUaUv644w5t1xeRYtkjlQXXD-JOLAXSGkJ-BKpwbLV27XTdHWyiZ4BnNRWWFvnLMR21IFT~JNNQIpiOUrHgPXiUkYsMKt-e1MA7de9orkDTAA1w2sAtMsXOPtvAY8Y~hn8ihGh8ESi~HdG09ItsaptJFIIUDFxLp5DO2zaHWqdJ26YC6cBwlu7wOVkhmpGhfPnYijtx1hH7jxKUYEyO5xSU6uS1qMVSykyL0W3nCjVhb5f~-jMkw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality_through_Index_Method_A_Case_Study_of_Hapur_City_Uttar_Pradesh_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Groundwater samples were collected from 20 shallow wells and analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated to show the overall water quality status in a single term. The results of this study revealed that the concentration of alkalinity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, nitrate, fluoride and chlorides is higher than the permissible limits as prescribed by the Bureau of Indian standards. The WQI for all samples were found in the range of 12 to 211.This study indicates that the drinking water of the city do not conform to the recommended standards and hence it is suggested to take rational steps to manage water quality in this region before it becomes a crisis, as this will affect the economy and will also lead to various water-borne diseases.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856589,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856589/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0244.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856589/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856589/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0244-libre.pdf?1500026163=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=K4nolhZiaaIGkUgKPNId9bOFGEuGtVECm3P9Q1XZEFHVhlZV3mvxUoN8PIf-gDWXxYD5wGhbkTfBT8de0LHUmti-RebaHpX5tpSUaUv644w5t1xeRYtkjlQXXD-JOLAXSGkJ-BKpwbLV27XTdHWyiZ4BnNRWWFvnLMR21IFT~JNNQIpiOUrHgPXiUkYsMKt-e1MA7de9orkDTAA1w2sAtMsXOPtvAY8Y~hn8ihGh8ESi~HdG09ItsaptJFIIUDFxLp5DO2zaHWqdJ26YC6cBwlu7wOVkhmpGhfPnYijtx1hH7jxKUYEyO5xSU6uS1qMVSykyL0W3nCjVhb5f~-jMkw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"},{"id":2549,"name":"Hydrology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrology"},{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880902-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880901"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880901/Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Tall_Buildings"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Corner Configuration on Wind Pressure Distribution on Tall Buildings" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856591/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880901/Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Tall_Buildings">Effect of Corner Configuration on Wind Pressure Distribution on Tall Buildings</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Tall buildings have been traditionally designed to be symmetric rectangular, square, triangular a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Tall buildings have been traditionally designed to be symmetric rectangular, square, triangular as well as circular in plan, in order to avoid excessive seismic-induced torsional vibrations due to eccentricity, in seismic-prone and highly wind induced regions. But, due to architectural and structural requirements, complicated tall and slender buildings with various corner configuration and cross-sectional shapes are emerged now a day, which are difficult to design using the existing wind load standards only. The principal aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chamfered edged configuration on wind pressure distribution on tall buildings experimentally using open circuit wind tunnel. The test is conducted under a mean wind velocity profile of approaching flow 9.61m/sec. A total of 2 rigid Perspex sheet models of equal height are prepared at scale of 1:100, for this study, one with rectangular cross-section and another with chamfered vertical edges. Wind pressure values at many pressure points on the model wall surfaces are measured and wind pressure coefficients are calculated under varying wind incidence angles from 0 0 to 90 0 for rectangular shape and from 0 0 to 180 0 for chamfered edges at 30 0 interval. The surface and cross sectional variations of mean pressure coefficient are presented in this paper. From this study, it is observed that chamfering vertical edges and wind incidence angle have great effect in altering wind load magnitude.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880901-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880901-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292040/figure-1-the-prototype-principal-tall-building-is-assumed-to"><img alt="The prototype principal tall building is assumed to have 50m height and 20m*30m plan dimension. The chamfered model is prepared by chamfering vertically the longer side of rectangular building. The models are made of Perspex sheet at a scale of 1:100. The cross-sectional dimension of models are given in “’mm7’’ in the following figure. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292043/figure-2-rectangular-model-with-sharp-orner"><img alt="4.1, Rectangular Model with Sharp C orner " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292046/figure-3-effect-of-corner-conuration-on-wind-pressure"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292052/figure-4-mean-pressure-coefficients-cp-on-faces-to-of"><img alt="Figure 4; Mean pressure coefficients, Cp on faces A to D of rectangular model Figure 5: Variation of pressure coefficients, Cp at section 50mm (a), 250mm (b) and 490mm(c) from top of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292055/figure-5-edges-face-is-subjected-to-varying-suction-with"><img alt="edges. Face-D is subjected to varying suction with minimum Cp of -1.0 at the top nearest edge. Face-A is subjected to pressure and suctions at furthest edges whereas face-B, face-C and Face —D are all subjected to suction. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292058/figure-6-subjected-to-maximum-pressure-cp-of-at-top-edge"><img alt="subjected to a maximum pressure Cp of 0.78 at top edge. Face-C is subjected to maximum suction near to bottom edge. Face-D is subjected to minimum Cp of - At 60° wind incidence angle (Fig.6), face-A is subjected to varying pressure with maximum Cp o! 0.2 around center edges. Leeward surface (face-B) i: " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292061/figure-7-effect-of-corner-conuration-on-wind-pressure"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292063/figure-8-mean-pressure-coefficients-cp-on-faces-to-of"><img alt="Figure 8: Mean pressure coefficients, Cp on faces A to D of rectangular model Figure 9: Variation of pressure coefficients, Cp at section 50mm (a), 250mm (b) and 490mm(c) from top of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292069/figure-10-rectangular-model-with-vertically-chamfered-edge"><img alt="4,2. Rectangular model with vertically chamfered edge (75*75) mm Figure 10: Mean pressure coefficients, Cp on faces A to D of chamfered edged model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292073/figure-11-variation-of-pressure-coefficients-cp-at-section"><img alt="Figure 11; Variation of pressure coefficients, Cp at section 50mm (a), 250mm (b) and 490mm(c) from top of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292078/figure-11-effect-of-corner-conuration-on-wind-pressure"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292084/figure-12-mean-pressure-coefficients-cp-on-faces-to-of"><img alt="Figure 12: Mean pressure coefficients, Cp on faces A to D of chamfered edged model Figure 13: Variation of pressure coefficients, Cp at section 50mm (a), 250mm (b) and 490mm(c) from top of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292089/figure-14-mean-pressure-coefficients-cp-on-faces-to-of"><img alt="Figure 14: Mean pressure coefficients, Cp on faces A to D of chamfered edged model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292090/figure-15-variation-of-pressure-coefficients-cp-at-section"><img alt="Figure 15: Variation of pressure coefficients, Cp at section 50mm (a), 250mm (b) and 490mm(c) from top of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292091/figure16-16-variation-of-maximum-and-minimum-cp"><img alt="Figure16: Variation of maximum and minimum Cp " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292092/table-2-values-of-total-mean-pressure-coefficients-on-the"><img alt="Table 2: Values of total mean pressure coefficients on the walls of the two models " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292095/table-1-experimental-analysis-and-results-pressure-points-on"><img alt="4, Experimental Analysis and Results Table 1: Pressure points on wall surfaces of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880901-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8ec0e661f3a47d66705a377761b323ad" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856591,"asset_id":33880901,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856591/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880901"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880901"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880901; 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But, due to architectural and structural requirements, complicated tall and slender buildings with various corner configuration and cross-sectional shapes are emerged now a day, which are difficult to design using the existing wind load standards only. The principal aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chamfered edged configuration on wind pressure distribution on tall buildings experimentally using open circuit wind tunnel. The test is conducted under a mean wind velocity profile of approaching flow 9.61m/sec. A total of 2 rigid Perspex sheet models of equal height are prepared at scale of 1:100, for this study, one with rectangular cross-section and another with chamfered vertical edges. Wind pressure values at many pressure points on the model wall surfaces are measured and wind pressure coefficients are calculated under varying wind incidence angles from 0 0 to 90 0 for rectangular shape and from 0 0 to 180 0 for chamfered edges at 30 0 interval. The surface and cross sectional variations of mean pressure coefficient are presented in this paper. From this study, it is observed that chamfering vertical edges and wind incidence angle have great effect in altering wind load magnitude."},"translated_abstract":"Tall buildings have been traditionally designed to be symmetric rectangular, square, triangular as well as circular in plan, in order to avoid excessive seismic-induced torsional vibrations due to eccentricity, in seismic-prone and highly wind induced regions. But, due to architectural and structural requirements, complicated tall and slender buildings with various corner configuration and cross-sectional shapes are emerged now a day, which are difficult to design using the existing wind load standards only. The principal aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chamfered edged configuration on wind pressure distribution on tall buildings experimentally using open circuit wind tunnel. The test is conducted under a mean wind velocity profile of approaching flow 9.61m/sec. A total of 2 rigid Perspex sheet models of equal height are prepared at scale of 1:100, for this study, one with rectangular cross-section and another with chamfered vertical edges. Wind pressure values at many pressure points on the model wall surfaces are measured and wind pressure coefficients are calculated under varying wind incidence angles from 0 0 to 90 0 for rectangular shape and from 0 0 to 180 0 for chamfered edges at 30 0 interval. The surface and cross sectional variations of mean pressure coefficient are presented in this paper. From this study, it is observed that chamfering vertical edges and wind incidence angle have great effect in altering wind load magnitude.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880901/Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Tall_Buildings","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:06.052-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717663,"work_id":33880901,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429181,"email":"a***k@incois.gov.in","display_order":1,"name":"And Ashok","title":"Effect of Corner Configuration on Wind Pressure Distribution on Tall Buildings"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856591,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856591/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0243.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856591/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_P.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856591/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0243-libre.pdf?1500026170=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=HRjBYfnvsCe09dq6Hb592-mjtT5sw8yVySGICZ0PpyNz0tgS5eR5PaQPbabhym-VVvRz6jTykFFXo1zBRHXMccbjEIV~eeA3X3cnJoA4vYX17avzklG4nj6w1KT0fjbw3-5ipIpD2bMkxkpYDooo~UfeGz2Rq7Kk6Vmr9dJF1gMAXK1T3YJ8RzWEVCNkFNwe35tXP3R2nilAO91~ScQaeeG8DbJG~fPqTOTK8PABtObNE~zlrFrSV47yGVek1FvOQqsqBk0kCY88RL~IW0COzcVMPHeqX6mi~9ZgQoZfJodzqKNlvBhYyJVBINloynLo5~9yCMhlAA71E3tZ9J2dsA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Tall_Buildings","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Tall buildings have been traditionally designed to be symmetric rectangular, square, triangular as well as circular in plan, in order to avoid excessive seismic-induced torsional vibrations due to eccentricity, in seismic-prone and highly wind induced regions. But, due to architectural and structural requirements, complicated tall and slender buildings with various corner configuration and cross-sectional shapes are emerged now a day, which are difficult to design using the existing wind load standards only. The principal aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chamfered edged configuration on wind pressure distribution on tall buildings experimentally using open circuit wind tunnel. The test is conducted under a mean wind velocity profile of approaching flow 9.61m/sec. A total of 2 rigid Perspex sheet models of equal height are prepared at scale of 1:100, for this study, one with rectangular cross-section and another with chamfered vertical edges. Wind pressure values at many pressure points on the model wall surfaces are measured and wind pressure coefficients are calculated under varying wind incidence angles from 0 0 to 90 0 for rectangular shape and from 0 0 to 180 0 for chamfered edges at 30 0 interval. The surface and cross sectional variations of mean pressure coefficient are presented in this paper. From this study, it is observed that chamfering vertical edges and wind incidence angle have great effect in altering wind load magnitude.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856591,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856591/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0243.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856591/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_P.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856591/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0243-libre.pdf?1500026170=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=HRjBYfnvsCe09dq6Hb592-mjtT5sw8yVySGICZ0PpyNz0tgS5eR5PaQPbabhym-VVvRz6jTykFFXo1zBRHXMccbjEIV~eeA3X3cnJoA4vYX17avzklG4nj6w1KT0fjbw3-5ipIpD2bMkxkpYDooo~UfeGz2Rq7Kk6Vmr9dJF1gMAXK1T3YJ8RzWEVCNkFNwe35tXP3R2nilAO91~ScQaeeG8DbJG~fPqTOTK8PABtObNE~zlrFrSV47yGVek1FvOQqsqBk0kCY88RL~IW0COzcVMPHeqX6mi~9ZgQoZfJodzqKNlvBhYyJVBINloynLo5~9yCMhlAA71E3tZ9J2dsA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880901-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880900"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880900/Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light_Roof"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856587/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880900/Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light_Roof">Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://iitr.academia.edu/GudetaKonkone">Gudeta Konkone</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Industrial buildings are generally provided with sloping roofs with the provision of the entry of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Industrial buildings are generally provided with sloping roofs with the provision of the entry of natural light through it. Sky light roof is one of such roofs. The information available in the literature regarding wind pressure distribution on sky light roof is limited. An effort has, therefore, been made to carry out an experimental study on the model of low-rise building with Sky light roof in order to generate more information about wind pressure distribution on it. Inflexible model of the rectangular plan low-rise building is made of Perspex sheet. It is provided with many pressure points on the upper surface of the roof. The model is tested in an open circuit boundary layer wind tunnel to measure values of wind pressures at all pressure points. Wind is made to hit the model at seven wind frequency edges from 0° to 90° at an interim of 15°. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients are evaluated from the measured values of wind pressures and contours are plotted. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients obtained experimentally are also compared with those available in the literature.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880900-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880900-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083062/figure-1-model-of-the-building-with-the-sky-light-roof-is"><img alt="Model of the building with the sky light roof is tested in open circuit wind tunnel at IIT in the Roorkee Department of Civil Engineering with cross sectional dimension of 2m*2m and test section length of 15m. Figures 1 and 2 show the velocity and turbulence intensity profile respectively measured at the downstream and of the test segment inside the wind tunnel. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083071/figure-3-sky-light-roofs-model-plan-and-isometric-views-and"><img alt="Fig. 3 Sky light roofs model plan and isometric views and dimension of the model in mm " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083081/figure-3-wind-pressure-distribution-on-sky-light-roof"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083091/figure-4-wind-directions-and-pressure-points-on-the-roof"><img alt="Fig. 4 Wind directions and pressure points on the roof surface " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083105/figure-5-photo-sky-light-model-tested-in-wind-tunnel"><img alt="Photo 1: Sky light model tested in wind tunnel " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083113/figure-5-the-values-of-men-wind-pressure-coefficients"><img alt="The values of men wind pressure coefficients obtained on Face-A, Face-B, Face-C and Face-C of the model under seven wind incidence angles are shown and the pressure distribution on the surface of model is plotted in Figs. 5 to 8. It is seen that from Fig. 5 Mean wind pressure on the surface of the roofs for 0° & 15° angle of wind incidence " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083131/figure-6-mean-wind-pressure-on-the-surface-of-the-roofs-for"><img alt="Fig. 6 Mean wind pressure on the surface of the roofs for 30° & 45° angle of wind incidence " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083140/figure-7-mean-wind-pressure-on-the-surface-of-the-roofs-for"><img alt="Fig. 7 Mean wind pressure on the surface of the roofs for 60° & 75° angle of wind incidence " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083150/figure-8-mean-wind-pressure-at-angle-of-wind-incidence"><img alt="Fig. 8 Mean wind pressure at 90° angle of wind incidence " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083157/table-1-show-the-maximum-and-minimum-values-of-pressure"><img alt="Table 1 show the maximum and minimum values of pressure coefficients which are observed on the roof surface. Average values obtained in the experimental study are also compared with the similar values given in I.S. code for the use of the designers in Table 2. Although no mention is found in the code, it is expected that codal values are average values over the entire roof surface. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083166/figure-10-cross-sectional-variation-of-wind-incidence-angle"><img alt="Fig. 10 Cross-sectional variation of 90° wind incidence angle " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083176/table-1-wind-pressure-distribution-on-sky-light-roof"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880900-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="70b4ad37030aa39dc9aecbb934c1d0bb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856587,"asset_id":33880900,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856587/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880900"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880900"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880900; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880900]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880900]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880900; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880900']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "70b4ad37030aa39dc9aecbb934c1d0bb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880900]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880900,"title":"Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Industrial buildings are generally provided with sloping roofs with the provision of the entry of natural light through it. Sky light roof is one of such roofs. The information available in the literature regarding wind pressure distribution on sky light roof is limited. An effort has, therefore, been made to carry out an experimental study on the model of low-rise building with Sky light roof in order to generate more information about wind pressure distribution on it. Inflexible model of the rectangular plan low-rise building is made of Perspex sheet. It is provided with many pressure points on the upper surface of the roof. The model is tested in an open circuit boundary layer wind tunnel to measure values of wind pressures at all pressure points. Wind is made to hit the model at seven wind frequency edges from 0° to 90° at an interim of 15°. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients are evaluated from the measured values of wind pressures and contours are plotted. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients obtained experimentally are also compared with those available in the literature."},"translated_abstract":"Industrial buildings are generally provided with sloping roofs with the provision of the entry of natural light through it. Sky light roof is one of such roofs. The information available in the literature regarding wind pressure distribution on sky light roof is limited. An effort has, therefore, been made to carry out an experimental study on the model of low-rise building with Sky light roof in order to generate more information about wind pressure distribution on it. Inflexible model of the rectangular plan low-rise building is made of Perspex sheet. It is provided with many pressure points on the upper surface of the roof. The model is tested in an open circuit boundary layer wind tunnel to measure values of wind pressures at all pressure points. Wind is made to hit the model at seven wind frequency edges from 0° to 90° at an interim of 15°. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients are evaluated from the measured values of wind pressures and contours are plotted. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients obtained experimentally are also compared with those available in the literature.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880900/Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light_Roof","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:05.828-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717660,"work_id":33880900,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429179,"email":"a***8@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Ashok Kumar","title":"Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof"},{"id":29717661,"work_id":33880900,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":39807039,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***3@gmail.com","affiliation":"IIT Roorkee","display_order":2,"name":"Gudeta Konkone","title":"Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof"},{"id":29717662,"work_id":33880900,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429180,"email":"a***k@gmail.com","display_order":3,"name":"A. Ahuja","title":"Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856587,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856587/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0242.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856587/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856587/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0242-libre.pdf?1500026167=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=XzeYKhGqKFZl0~W9pLlixpDahSo8LTpXzkBo-MzzpErcjvjG0y2psDhFh4c2RSWTKIkHhBVEzjf-AEHOAX1HFADirBrptzgit3wCWgegnXOodaTQAbT4Lt7WJWDshF58wFSZppQSvODOp2f49qW4T9dixy5FdkyXNifc2xRmjOOW5p4UTELRlNW13Xp5TlcHIlSH3gR7Fw1bxom7VMvBvflPLQlQoJw1gO9hr6sJMmXn5IieXWtobSEBeuTADGiRNSnjG-d-Apw1umv3Apf2pZieLZb1oz4LzLPv5Fh7UxF3zPbDGV3thUfgP5xOkd3Z8N8n1F2oABVX4b21P2-SSg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light_Roof","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Industrial buildings are generally provided with sloping roofs with the provision of the entry of natural light through it. Sky light roof is one of such roofs. The information available in the literature regarding wind pressure distribution on sky light roof is limited. An effort has, therefore, been made to carry out an experimental study on the model of low-rise building with Sky light roof in order to generate more information about wind pressure distribution on it. Inflexible model of the rectangular plan low-rise building is made of Perspex sheet. It is provided with many pressure points on the upper surface of the roof. The model is tested in an open circuit boundary layer wind tunnel to measure values of wind pressures at all pressure points. Wind is made to hit the model at seven wind frequency edges from 0° to 90° at an interim of 15°. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients are evaluated from the measured values of wind pressures and contours are plotted. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients obtained experimentally are also compared with those available in the literature.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856587,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856587/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0242.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856587/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856587/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0242-libre.pdf?1500026167=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=bZLfkU-xC3S6ACtnvPhA8lLZ1QLOzUI66NNk5FhWm7mNeczd3JNcCHYzDAyhfcJVdTpjd3htXVb7zF-5yNffksHRmMsFYYPCXEQkXM67vbNC~-gOa4mlZMkbOEaUXFs6yTUfaN2-U-Q-0dc1dEQuXQXumzCTIPyAMf-7yaCf7JBSUAbLHfCelYDesFewJgaX7iwz5KCnZKnpn2JElqEuTi5wT0UU4vwUIuZ90zqu21tpuSX3lTgx9D~uhMqQ0OAbN3jctWvRMLVT0oj3h11nfocWW0rdOGr4QwyxoTfMsSKZlqLP481a4ICMSq9EOUdUoKjBwwk6v7JcxbZW7i9drA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":1336,"name":"Structural Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structural_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880900-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880899"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880899/Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their_Influence_on_Mobility_of_Copper"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Study of Soil Characteristics & Their Influence on Mobility of Copper" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856583/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880899/Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their_Influence_on_Mobility_of_Copper">Study of Soil Characteristics & Their Influence on Mobility of Copper</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JyotiRani40">Jyoti Rani</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Soil is a major reservoir for contaminants as it possesses an ability to bind various chemicals. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Soil is a major reservoir for contaminants as it possesses an ability to bind various chemicals. Pollution with toxic heavy metals is a serious concern because once these heavy metals enter the soil they can persist for a long time. In present investigation, the basic soil characteristics of three different soil samples are studied to understand the transport of heavy metal Copper through vertical diffusion and their by plotting breakthrough curves at different depths. The results indicate that the diffusion of Copper at different depths of soil columns is time dependent and increases with the depth of soils. The results of the study are highly useful in designing of the abatement techniques adopted for removal of containments or impurities especially focusing on inorganic pollutants, managing effluent disposals producing from industries processing heavy metals, prediction of heavy metal movement in soils and finally their way to groundwater.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="346699049c22c571726e2aacf6bbce1e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856583,"asset_id":33880899,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856583/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880899"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880899"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880899; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880899]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880899]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880899; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880899']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "346699049c22c571726e2aacf6bbce1e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880899]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880899,"title":"Study of Soil Characteristics \u0026 Their Influence on Mobility of Copper","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Soil is a major reservoir for contaminants as it possesses an ability to bind various chemicals. Pollution with toxic heavy metals is a serious concern because once these heavy metals enter the soil they can persist for a long time. In present investigation, the basic soil characteristics of three different soil samples are studied to understand the transport of heavy metal Copper through vertical diffusion and their by plotting breakthrough curves at different depths. The results indicate that the diffusion of Copper at different depths of soil columns is time dependent and increases with the depth of soils. The results of the study are highly useful in designing of the abatement techniques adopted for removal of containments or impurities especially focusing on inorganic pollutants, managing effluent disposals producing from industries processing heavy metals, prediction of heavy metal movement in soils and finally their way to groundwater.","ai_title_tag":"Soil Properties Affecting Copper Mobility"},"translated_abstract":"Soil is a major reservoir for contaminants as it possesses an ability to bind various chemicals. Pollution with toxic heavy metals is a serious concern because once these heavy metals enter the soil they can persist for a long time. In present investigation, the basic soil characteristics of three different soil samples are studied to understand the transport of heavy metal Copper through vertical diffusion and their by plotting breakthrough curves at different depths. The results indicate that the diffusion of Copper at different depths of soil columns is time dependent and increases with the depth of soils. The results of the study are highly useful in designing of the abatement techniques adopted for removal of containments or impurities especially focusing on inorganic pollutants, managing effluent disposals producing from industries processing heavy metals, prediction of heavy metal movement in soils and finally their way to groundwater.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880899/Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their_Influence_on_Mobility_of_Copper","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:05.677-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717659,"work_id":33880899,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":66449602,"co_author_invite_id":6429178,"email":"j***1@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Jyoti Rani","title":"Study of Soil Characteristics \u0026 Their Influence on Mobility of Copper"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856583,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856583/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0241.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856583/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856583/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0241-libre.pdf?1500026167=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStudy_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=dxZE~sQOWziqAoZIFFh3V94Cf6k26uWVKTD0bVSshBx4vgtzVdhjZsVOg7MUlZr0nQcM4MjCTt3og6rfD6KaF-ol64tfMnMHnJRqFSD4rHBlEdqdgnB6naIA7s0kWFlb1gzpQTxopLVIBuGnyAKjtYJ8cxfrlSxFfqF3PVZrK4bRpV-2c5DG5oCOEHwqXadn1EFXN9guhJwdAgQB3xTq7ChWzhDn3Yeglzeh6EzE1l9tb7gx3bvSbJKdTa9qJRaZUFvR82PEWi4OZ63y~KvwD7vxH69Dqp0zry00-Zy2ndssdhpUk9bDTpHWpkOORn7FaxIIwkJBUrUtDaLNEtDZ2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their_Influence_on_Mobility_of_Copper","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Soil is a major reservoir for contaminants as it possesses an ability to bind various chemicals. Pollution with toxic heavy metals is a serious concern because once these heavy metals enter the soil they can persist for a long time. In present investigation, the basic soil characteristics of three different soil samples are studied to understand the transport of heavy metal Copper through vertical diffusion and their by plotting breakthrough curves at different depths. The results indicate that the diffusion of Copper at different depths of soil columns is time dependent and increases with the depth of soils. The results of the study are highly useful in designing of the abatement techniques adopted for removal of containments or impurities especially focusing on inorganic pollutants, managing effluent disposals producing from industries processing heavy metals, prediction of heavy metal movement in soils and finally their way to groundwater.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856583,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856583/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0241.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856583/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856583/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0241-libre.pdf?1500026167=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStudy_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=dxZE~sQOWziqAoZIFFh3V94Cf6k26uWVKTD0bVSshBx4vgtzVdhjZsVOg7MUlZr0nQcM4MjCTt3og6rfD6KaF-ol64tfMnMHnJRqFSD4rHBlEdqdgnB6naIA7s0kWFlb1gzpQTxopLVIBuGnyAKjtYJ8cxfrlSxFfqF3PVZrK4bRpV-2c5DG5oCOEHwqXadn1EFXN9guhJwdAgQB3xTq7ChWzhDn3Yeglzeh6EzE1l9tb7gx3bvSbJKdTa9qJRaZUFvR82PEWi4OZ63y~KvwD7vxH69Dqp0zry00-Zy2ndssdhpUk9bDTpHWpkOORn7FaxIIwkJBUrUtDaLNEtDZ2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"},{"id":421,"name":"Soil Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Science"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880899-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880897"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880897/Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study_of_River_Yamuna"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Water Quality: A Case Study of River Yamuna" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856586/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880897/Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study_of_River_Yamuna">Assessment of Water Quality: A Case Study of River Yamuna</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://mmumullana.academia.edu/ChadetrikRout">Chadetrik Rout</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">According to the Hindu mythology, river Yamuna is considered as one of the most sacred rivers aft...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">According to the Hindu mythology, river Yamuna is considered as one of the most sacred rivers after the Ganges. In this study water quality of the river Yamuna was assessed at four different sampling locations during the months of May to August 2014. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO42-were analyzed and the observed results were compared with the standard limits of BIS and WHO. The mean pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO 4 2-values at the four sampling sites were observed in the range of 7.81-8.00, 1046.5-1195.3 µS/cm, 27.0-37.3 NTU, 856.5-936.0 mg/l, 4.5-5.2 mg/l, 19.3-25.8 mg/l, 58.0-85.0 mg/l, 242.5-267.0 mg/l and 97.75-114.0 mg/l respectively. The results on the water quality parameters of Yamuna river indicate that the river is not safe for domestic purposes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880897-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880897-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386603/figure-3-ph-values-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling-locations"><img alt="Figure 3.1: pH values of river Yamuna at sampling locations Figure 3.2: Average pH values of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386617/figure-2-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386631/figure-3-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386639/figure-4-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386646/figure-3-ec-values-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling-locations"><img alt="Figure 3.3: EC values of river Yamuna at sampling locations Figure 3.4: Average EC values of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386654/figure-3-turbidity-content-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling"><img alt="Figure 3.5: Turbidity content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386664/figure-3-tds-content-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling-locations"><img alt="Figure 3.7: TDS content of river Yamuna at sampling locations Figure 3.8: Average TDS content of river Yamuna a sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386671/figure-3-average-turbidity-content-of-river-yamuna-at"><img alt="Figure 3.6: Average turbidity content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386678/figure-9-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386686/figure-3-dissolved-oxygen-content-of-river-yamuna-at"><img alt="Figure 3.9: Dissolved oxygen content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386689/figure-3-bod-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling-locations-average"><img alt="Figure 3.11: BOD of river Yamuna at sampling locations Figure 3.12: Average BOD of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386698/figure-3-average-dissolved-oxygen-content-of-river-yamuna-at"><img alt="Figure 3.10: Average dissolved oxygen content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386702/figure-13-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386706/figure-3-chloride-content-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling"><img alt="Figure 3.15: Chloride content of river Yamuna at sampling locations Figure 3.16: Average chloride content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386711/figure-3-average-cod-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling-locations"><img alt="Figure 3.14: Average COD of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386714/figure-3-cod-ofriver-yamuna-at-sampling-locations"><img alt="Figure 3.13: COD ofriver Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386722/figure-17-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386727/figure-4-sampling-station-near-chhota-bridge-sampling"><img alt="Figure 4: Sampling Station-1 Near Chhota Bridge Figure 5: Sampling Station-2 Near O.P. Jindal Park " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386733/figure-3-average-sulphate-content-of-river-yamuna-at"><img alt="Figure 3.18: Average sulphate content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386735/figure-20-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386737/figure-3-sulphate-content-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling"><img alt="Figure 3.17: Sulphate content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386740/figure-6-sampling-station-near-railway-bridge-sampling"><img alt="Figure 6: Sampling Station-3 Near Railway Bridge Figure 7: Sampling Station-4 Near Old Hamida Barrage " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386746/figure-23-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_023.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880897-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="76fcec298a67778871ae525721b7f42e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856586,"asset_id":33880897,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856586/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880897"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880897"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880897; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880897]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880897]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880897; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880897']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "76fcec298a67778871ae525721b7f42e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880897]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880897,"title":"Assessment of Water Quality: A Case Study of River Yamuna","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"According to the Hindu mythology, river Yamuna is considered as one of the most sacred rivers after the Ganges. In this study water quality of the river Yamuna was assessed at four different sampling locations during the months of May to August 2014. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO42-were analyzed and the observed results were compared with the standard limits of BIS and WHO. The mean pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO 4 2-values at the four sampling sites were observed in the range of 7.81-8.00, 1046.5-1195.3 µS/cm, 27.0-37.3 NTU, 856.5-936.0 mg/l, 4.5-5.2 mg/l, 19.3-25.8 mg/l, 58.0-85.0 mg/l, 242.5-267.0 mg/l and 97.75-114.0 mg/l respectively. The results on the water quality parameters of Yamuna river indicate that the river is not safe for domestic purposes."},"translated_abstract":"According to the Hindu mythology, river Yamuna is considered as one of the most sacred rivers after the Ganges. In this study water quality of the river Yamuna was assessed at four different sampling locations during the months of May to August 2014. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO42-were analyzed and the observed results were compared with the standard limits of BIS and WHO. The mean pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO 4 2-values at the four sampling sites were observed in the range of 7.81-8.00, 1046.5-1195.3 µS/cm, 27.0-37.3 NTU, 856.5-936.0 mg/l, 4.5-5.2 mg/l, 19.3-25.8 mg/l, 58.0-85.0 mg/l, 242.5-267.0 mg/l and 97.75-114.0 mg/l respectively. The results on the water quality parameters of Yamuna river indicate that the river is not safe for domestic purposes.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880897/Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study_of_River_Yamuna","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:05.341-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717658,"work_id":33880897,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":40418469,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@mmumullana.org","affiliation":"Maharishi Markandeshwar University","display_order":1,"name":"Chadetrik Rout","title":"Assessment of Water Quality: A Case Study of River Yamuna"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856586,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856586/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0239.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856586/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856586/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0239-libre.pdf?1500026168=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=JbQaTbkraF2ecr0RbUu5n0uvZXnB4BJeNP4lCyxkBRh2DReZLHnRARpvK8wsG6hFILKFIRCHI6k~TUGmXCAvCA-5g4GDFJyUX89cIwScOyxB8JFDgGadoY6~2G~YMOxqG5kmNwh7AdsUi3SBBD-0ObWpdQ6c~REbPtOg1R4M2f5nzn5cNZO6fu1Gty2inDs09n0TDqumrYoufVEsyWjXUFczORJJGMQmaQveFtHihLmghNMS78K7DKXQg~OaZ6Ld1pXnuUnptiz2Qdo83wBuoAJuuFUpJR23FgO9sto1nK6Z-vB5A5pMevU-c~lcxrjRWYCsyCOIDeShuPc1bPfgcQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study_of_River_Yamuna","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"According to the Hindu mythology, river Yamuna is considered as one of the most sacred rivers after the Ganges. In this study water quality of the river Yamuna was assessed at four different sampling locations during the months of May to August 2014. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO42-were analyzed and the observed results were compared with the standard limits of BIS and WHO. The mean pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO 4 2-values at the four sampling sites were observed in the range of 7.81-8.00, 1046.5-1195.3 µS/cm, 27.0-37.3 NTU, 856.5-936.0 mg/l, 4.5-5.2 mg/l, 19.3-25.8 mg/l, 58.0-85.0 mg/l, 242.5-267.0 mg/l and 97.75-114.0 mg/l respectively. The results on the water quality parameters of Yamuna river indicate that the river is not safe for domestic purposes.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856586,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856586/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0239.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856586/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856586/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0239-libre.pdf?1500026168=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=JbQaTbkraF2ecr0RbUu5n0uvZXnB4BJeNP4lCyxkBRh2DReZLHnRARpvK8wsG6hFILKFIRCHI6k~TUGmXCAvCA-5g4GDFJyUX89cIwScOyxB8JFDgGadoY6~2G~YMOxqG5kmNwh7AdsUi3SBBD-0ObWpdQ6c~REbPtOg1R4M2f5nzn5cNZO6fu1Gty2inDs09n0TDqumrYoufVEsyWjXUFczORJJGMQmaQveFtHihLmghNMS78K7DKXQg~OaZ6Ld1pXnuUnptiz2Qdo83wBuoAJuuFUpJR23FgO9sto1nK6Z-vB5A5pMevU-c~lcxrjRWYCsyCOIDeShuPc1bPfgcQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880897-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880896"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880896/Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects_for_Sediment_Management"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Diversion Tunnel of Hydropower Projects for Sediment Management" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856585/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880896/Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects_for_Sediment_Management">Diversion Tunnel of Hydropower Projects for Sediment Management</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Power potential of Himalayan Rivers is being harnessed with a great effect for last many decades ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Power potential of Himalayan Rivers is being harnessed with a great effect for last many decades and will be continued in future also. The major problem with these rivers is the enormous amount of sediment they carry with them due to steep slopes and fragile geology. The suspended part of sediment load finds its way into the water conductor system through power intake causing damage to turbines and other underwater parts in the power house. The use of diversion tunnel to deal with this problem is discussed in this paper with the help of a case study conducted at Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), Pune.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4cd50455996a40d5667a68f1a2973169" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856585,"asset_id":33880896,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856585/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880896"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880896"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880896; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880896]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880896]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880896; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880896']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4cd50455996a40d5667a68f1a2973169" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880896]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880896,"title":"Diversion Tunnel of Hydropower Projects for Sediment Management","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Power potential of Himalayan Rivers is being harnessed with a great effect for last many decades and will be continued in future also. The major problem with these rivers is the enormous amount of sediment they carry with them due to steep slopes and fragile geology. The suspended part of sediment load finds its way into the water conductor system through power intake causing damage to turbines and other underwater parts in the power house. The use of diversion tunnel to deal with this problem is discussed in this paper with the help of a case study conducted at Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), Pune."},"translated_abstract":"Power potential of Himalayan Rivers is being harnessed with a great effect for last many decades and will be continued in future also. The major problem with these rivers is the enormous amount of sediment they carry with them due to steep slopes and fragile geology. The suspended part of sediment load finds its way into the water conductor system through power intake causing damage to turbines and other underwater parts in the power house. The use of diversion tunnel to deal with this problem is discussed in this paper with the help of a case study conducted at Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), Pune.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880896/Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects_for_Sediment_Management","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:05.040-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717656,"work_id":33880896,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429176,"email":"z***r@rediffmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Mohd Qamar","title":"Diversion Tunnel of Hydropower Projects for Sediment Management"},{"id":29717657,"work_id":33880896,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429177,"email":"m***g@rediffmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Manoj Verma","title":"Diversion Tunnel of Hydropower Projects for Sediment Management"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856585,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856585/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0238.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856585/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856585/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0238-libre.pdf?1500026164=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=gD5A46JaESWDPdJovu0FLIirUKaPllTsUcetDCOYxvFW2iOV6Va536k1zlIwuWj3Uj-kW~nLpLSgoUek2EZ4Cp4L1Bpo4DzuI-GSXAYjcnPpmNtsxqLRgcaZmLKVJEDdKq~nn-Ti1KtqGd3rPndTeNCU32PXeOUIrusCU2k0CL~HY9VrzdzpBELLJi1rvHddXvfZc9m7714FGN0dNx~8MytsTjinOWJVJ5CgUhKA~8zg-PRhVh5ruXCGzP9L-yVFQZQafJ-5oPnbPeux-bb0NVWLJ5urrNyQ74~I4d60BqPbN7agbw5Tw10P431~MjK4RiSkXUEQeCvVPBx8KI10Uw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects_for_Sediment_Management","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Power potential of Himalayan Rivers is being harnessed with a great effect for last many decades and will be continued in future also. The major problem with these rivers is the enormous amount of sediment they carry with them due to steep slopes and fragile geology. The suspended part of sediment load finds its way into the water conductor system through power intake causing damage to turbines and other underwater parts in the power house. The use of diversion tunnel to deal with this problem is discussed in this paper with the help of a case study conducted at Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), Pune.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856585,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856585/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0238.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856585/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856585/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0238-libre.pdf?1500026164=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=gD5A46JaESWDPdJovu0FLIirUKaPllTsUcetDCOYxvFW2iOV6Va536k1zlIwuWj3Uj-kW~nLpLSgoUek2EZ4Cp4L1Bpo4DzuI-GSXAYjcnPpmNtsxqLRgcaZmLKVJEDdKq~nn-Ti1KtqGd3rPndTeNCU32PXeOUIrusCU2k0CL~HY9VrzdzpBELLJi1rvHddXvfZc9m7714FGN0dNx~8MytsTjinOWJVJ5CgUhKA~8zg-PRhVh5ruXCGzP9L-yVFQZQafJ-5oPnbPeux-bb0NVWLJ5urrNyQ74~I4d60BqPbN7agbw5Tw10P431~MjK4RiSkXUEQeCvVPBx8KI10Uw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880896-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880894"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880894/Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_in_Assessment_of_River_Water_Quality"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use of Multivariate Analytical Methods in Assessment of River Water Quality" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856581/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880894/Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_in_Assessment_of_River_Water_Quality">Use of Multivariate Analytical Methods in Assessment of River Water Quality</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study is focused on the assessment of water quality of river Satluj in North Indian state of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study is focused on the assessment of water quality of river Satluj in North Indian state of Punjab and evaluation of 34 physico-chemical variables monitored during the period 2015–2016, at 3 different sampling locations. Multivariate analytical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/ Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to the water quality data set to identify characteristics of water quality in the studied catchment. PCA/FA was applied for source identification to data sets pertaining to 3 spatial groups (upper catchment, middle catchment and lower catchment) responsible for the data structure. These factors are conditionally named soil structure and soil erosion; domestic, municipal and industrial effluents; agricultural activities (fertilizers, livestock waste etc.) and seasonal effect factors.In the current study usefulness of multivariate analysis for evaluation of river Satluj water quality assessment and identification of dominant factors and pollution sources for effective water quality management and determination of spatial and temporal variations in water quality illustrated.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c4d9a8869ba5de8ad48dd89938060e13" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856581,"asset_id":33880894,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856581/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880894"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880894"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880894; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880894]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880894]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880894; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880894']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c4d9a8869ba5de8ad48dd89938060e13" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880894]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880894,"title":"Use of Multivariate Analytical Methods in Assessment of River Water Quality","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study is focused on the assessment of water quality of river Satluj in North Indian state of Punjab and evaluation of 34 physico-chemical variables monitored during the period 2015–2016, at 3 different sampling locations. Multivariate analytical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/ Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to the water quality data set to identify characteristics of water quality in the studied catchment. PCA/FA was applied for source identification to data sets pertaining to 3 spatial groups (upper catchment, middle catchment and lower catchment) responsible for the data structure. These factors are conditionally named soil structure and soil erosion; domestic, municipal and industrial effluents; agricultural activities (fertilizers, livestock waste etc.) and seasonal effect factors.In the current study usefulness of multivariate analysis for evaluation of river Satluj water quality assessment and identification of dominant factors and pollution sources for effective water quality management and determination of spatial and temporal variations in water quality illustrated."},"translated_abstract":"This study is focused on the assessment of water quality of river Satluj in North Indian state of Punjab and evaluation of 34 physico-chemical variables monitored during the period 2015–2016, at 3 different sampling locations. Multivariate analytical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/ Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to the water quality data set to identify characteristics of water quality in the studied catchment. PCA/FA was applied for source identification to data sets pertaining to 3 spatial groups (upper catchment, middle catchment and lower catchment) responsible for the data structure. These factors are conditionally named soil structure and soil erosion; domestic, municipal and industrial effluents; agricultural activities (fertilizers, livestock waste etc.) and seasonal effect factors.In the current study usefulness of multivariate analysis for evaluation of river Satluj water quality assessment and identification of dominant factors and pollution sources for effective water quality management and determination of spatial and temporal variations in water quality illustrated.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880894/Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_in_Assessment_of_River_Water_Quality","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:04.847-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717648,"work_id":33880894,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5069025,"email":"s***9@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Siddhartha Sharma","title":"Use of Multivariate Analytical Methods in Assessment of River Water Quality"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856581,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856581/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0236.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856581/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_i.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856581/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0236-libre.pdf?1500026169=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUse_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_i.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=dnO0iEcTj81lWENFVBjgEHRvgeBI3GdmrU0kQL6uPuUjDq0u~ua9VqluFrXzDsiSuZ9~1XDC6ktluz3Yk1odHYBoptXWddmx8xgH8b1tFJjkdQfpBMzPZxlX8oLUs5-j92D96C0aO--zUBbjwYu9vKvvRu5hnt0BYHQcCjaswPW66D7iIYMdzG-naMMrdbTBSfSLt7IWySAVALlTzD1gBxlMVNT34bM0F0TFxFkvHW3kC2OHXkmJom5gOMNpxRFlKNJx0FuTP~Y7f1zGvY9MIg8s4Q4w4uXiLNE6q8IogSL8nSdaYtAvbB7e7dpCrICX9r7COUUeWwqS83SDr6bDlA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_in_Assessment_of_River_Water_Quality","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This study is focused on the assessment of water quality of river Satluj in North Indian state of Punjab and evaluation of 34 physico-chemical variables monitored during the period 2015–2016, at 3 different sampling locations. Multivariate analytical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/ Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to the water quality data set to identify characteristics of water quality in the studied catchment. PCA/FA was applied for source identification to data sets pertaining to 3 spatial groups (upper catchment, middle catchment and lower catchment) responsible for the data structure. These factors are conditionally named soil structure and soil erosion; domestic, municipal and industrial effluents; agricultural activities (fertilizers, livestock waste etc.) and seasonal effect factors.In the current study usefulness of multivariate analysis for evaluation of river Satluj water quality assessment and identification of dominant factors and pollution sources for effective water quality management and determination of spatial and temporal variations in water quality illustrated.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856581,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856581/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0236.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856581/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_i.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856581/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0236-libre.pdf?1500026169=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUse_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_i.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=dnO0iEcTj81lWENFVBjgEHRvgeBI3GdmrU0kQL6uPuUjDq0u~ua9VqluFrXzDsiSuZ9~1XDC6ktluz3Yk1odHYBoptXWddmx8xgH8b1tFJjkdQfpBMzPZxlX8oLUs5-j92D96C0aO--zUBbjwYu9vKvvRu5hnt0BYHQcCjaswPW66D7iIYMdzG-naMMrdbTBSfSLt7IWySAVALlTzD1gBxlMVNT34bM0F0TFxFkvHW3kC2OHXkmJom5gOMNpxRFlKNJx0FuTP~Y7f1zGvY9MIg8s4Q4w4uXiLNE6q8IogSL8nSdaYtAvbB7e7dpCrICX9r7COUUeWwqS83SDr6bDlA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880894-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880892"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880892/Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local_Scouring"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Bridge Pier Geometry on Local Scouring" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856579/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880892/Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local_Scouring">Effect of Bridge Pier Geometry on Local Scouring</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Local scour around bridge pier is the main reason for failure of a hydraulic structure like as br...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Local scour around bridge pier is the main reason for failure of a hydraulic structure like as bridge piers, abutment etc. Local scour around a bridge pier is largely depending on the shape of the bridge pier and how the design is fashionable from the view of construction. Local scour is a complex phenomenon which depends on the discharge, depth of flow, geometry of the pier and type of sediment particle. In this study, geometry i.e. shape of the pier is the main concern. Research is carried out by considering three different geometry pier of rectangular, circular and oblong shape to conclude the optimal shape of the pier at a different flow velocity of 0.146m/s, 0.231 m/s & 0.323 m/s on 15m hydraulic flume under clear water condition using natural sand as the bed material in the university laboratory. Results show an idea that the scouring at the upstream face is directly proportional to the exposed upstream nose area of the pier. It is also shows that the scouring is highest in all cases for the rectangular pier and minimum for the oblong pier.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8e49fdbca8ac2e14ad7cd539ceabd8b6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856579,"asset_id":33880892,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856579/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880892"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880892"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880892; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880892]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880892]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880892; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880892']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8e49fdbca8ac2e14ad7cd539ceabd8b6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880892]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880892,"title":"Effect of Bridge Pier Geometry on Local Scouring","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Local scour around bridge pier is the main reason for failure of a hydraulic structure like as bridge piers, abutment etc. Local scour around a bridge pier is largely depending on the shape of the bridge pier and how the design is fashionable from the view of construction. Local scour is a complex phenomenon which depends on the discharge, depth of flow, geometry of the pier and type of sediment particle. In this study, geometry i.e. shape of the pier is the main concern. Research is carried out by considering three different geometry pier of rectangular, circular and oblong shape to conclude the optimal shape of the pier at a different flow velocity of 0.146m/s, 0.231 m/s \u0026 0.323 m/s on 15m hydraulic flume under clear water condition using natural sand as the bed material in the university laboratory. Results show an idea that the scouring at the upstream face is directly proportional to the exposed upstream nose area of the pier. It is also shows that the scouring is highest in all cases for the rectangular pier and minimum for the oblong pier.","ai_title_tag":"Impact of Pier Geometry on Local Scour Dynamics"},"translated_abstract":"Local scour around bridge pier is the main reason for failure of a hydraulic structure like as bridge piers, abutment etc. Local scour around a bridge pier is largely depending on the shape of the bridge pier and how the design is fashionable from the view of construction. Local scour is a complex phenomenon which depends on the discharge, depth of flow, geometry of the pier and type of sediment particle. In this study, geometry i.e. shape of the pier is the main concern. Research is carried out by considering three different geometry pier of rectangular, circular and oblong shape to conclude the optimal shape of the pier at a different flow velocity of 0.146m/s, 0.231 m/s \u0026 0.323 m/s on 15m hydraulic flume under clear water condition using natural sand as the bed material in the university laboratory. Results show an idea that the scouring at the upstream face is directly proportional to the exposed upstream nose area of the pier. It is also shows that the scouring is highest in all cases for the rectangular pier and minimum for the oblong pier.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880892/Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local_Scouring","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:04.346-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717644,"work_id":33880892,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429174,"email":"c***a@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Chandan Roy","title":"Effect of Bridge Pier Geometry on Local Scouring"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856579,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856579/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0234.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856579/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856579/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0234-libre.pdf?1500026169=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=OG1PjZgMn3OLI7ozyZB9JF192X2Wace-mgPpi0HnhReSqMvbQirlOpwnEJrsxmK-nwilFg6tiu8lZ8-dERU~DpNOocgmHLsX4z9lcsY~XKNlWYWIwEXZMG4TuQ2RgHQVsx6PK49V1b0oXZl4jXdzjt76-l0J4RUNlb5Tkux~B7MLiJxoW0NmYRnXprRJn5y6HxWDgvl47shgJwrJeP~zjHl25MNeArB2Yn0nh-IzKMovwxwd98n~mtR~fOYXiVj8VmqSh1uyg7HWHjuyUBFpGOz4P4B5LTNvBuIBb2-tWlgiycj6TZTZ-6tbBAfXSLHWYyzq6H-TbFI11x9NlrRLUQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local_Scouring","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Local scour around bridge pier is the main reason for failure of a hydraulic structure like as bridge piers, abutment etc. Local scour around a bridge pier is largely depending on the shape of the bridge pier and how the design is fashionable from the view of construction. Local scour is a complex phenomenon which depends on the discharge, depth of flow, geometry of the pier and type of sediment particle. In this study, geometry i.e. shape of the pier is the main concern. Research is carried out by considering three different geometry pier of rectangular, circular and oblong shape to conclude the optimal shape of the pier at a different flow velocity of 0.146m/s, 0.231 m/s \u0026 0.323 m/s on 15m hydraulic flume under clear water condition using natural sand as the bed material in the university laboratory. Results show an idea that the scouring at the upstream face is directly proportional to the exposed upstream nose area of the pier. It is also shows that the scouring is highest in all cases for the rectangular pier and minimum for the oblong pier.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856579,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856579/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0234.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856579/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856579/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0234-libre.pdf?1500026169=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=OG1PjZgMn3OLI7ozyZB9JF192X2Wace-mgPpi0HnhReSqMvbQirlOpwnEJrsxmK-nwilFg6tiu8lZ8-dERU~DpNOocgmHLsX4z9lcsY~XKNlWYWIwEXZMG4TuQ2RgHQVsx6PK49V1b0oXZl4jXdzjt76-l0J4RUNlb5Tkux~B7MLiJxoW0NmYRnXprRJn5y6HxWDgvl47shgJwrJeP~zjHl25MNeArB2Yn0nh-IzKMovwxwd98n~mtR~fOYXiVj8VmqSh1uyg7HWHjuyUBFpGOz4P4B5LTNvBuIBb2-tWlgiycj6TZTZ-6tbBAfXSLHWYyzq6H-TbFI11x9NlrRLUQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2549,"name":"Hydrology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880891"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880891/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856577/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880891/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study assessed the heavy metal concentration in groundwater for domestic purposes in the Nal...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study assessed the heavy metal concentration in groundwater for domestic purposes in the Nalagarh tehsil of Solan district in terms of spatial variations in the heavy metal ions fluxes. The monitoring was done for the pre-monsoon season of 2012 and eight heavy metals was considered. The mean Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Cr6+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ content at twenty-five sampling locations were found in the range of 0.02-0.068, 0-0.0035, 0.013-0.139, 0.002-0.06, 0.001-0.09, 0.003-0.08, 0.075-0.488, 0,001-0.389 mg/l respectively. The total heavy metal ions flux in the groundwater of the study area was found to be 11.104 mg/l. The presence of heavy metal ions in the groundwater samples suggests that, assessment of water quality parameters and water quality management practices should be done periodically in order to protect the valuable but limited fresh water resources. Principal component analysis was used to identify the major contributing factor of contamination and also to examine the spatial changes of groundwater quality of the study area.<br />Keywords: Groundwater, Heavy metals, Correlation analysis, Principal component analysis, Biplot.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="aa7a64f2cc7895fb561295dd4f349614" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856577,"asset_id":33880891,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856577/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880891"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880891"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880891; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880891]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880891]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880891; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880891']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "aa7a64f2cc7895fb561295dd4f349614" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880891]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880891,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study assessed the heavy metal concentration in groundwater for domestic purposes in the Nalagarh tehsil of Solan district in terms of spatial variations in the heavy metal ions fluxes. The monitoring was done for the pre-monsoon season of 2012 and eight heavy metals was considered. The mean Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Cr6+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ content at twenty-five sampling locations were found in the range of 0.02-0.068, 0-0.0035, 0.013-0.139, 0.002-0.06, 0.001-0.09, 0.003-0.08, 0.075-0.488, 0,001-0.389 mg/l respectively. The total heavy metal ions flux in the groundwater of the study area was found to be 11.104 mg/l. The presence of heavy metal ions in the groundwater samples suggests that, assessment of water quality parameters and water quality management practices should be done periodically in order to protect the valuable but limited fresh water resources. Principal component analysis was used to identify the major contributing factor of contamination and also to examine the spatial changes of groundwater quality of the study area.\nKeywords: Groundwater, Heavy metals, Correlation analysis, Principal component analysis, Biplot.","ai_title_tag":"Heavy Metal Assessment in Nalagarh Groundwater"},"translated_abstract":"This study assessed the heavy metal concentration in groundwater for domestic purposes in the Nalagarh tehsil of Solan district in terms of spatial variations in the heavy metal ions fluxes. The monitoring was done for the pre-monsoon season of 2012 and eight heavy metals was considered. The mean Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Cr6+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ content at twenty-five sampling locations were found in the range of 0.02-0.068, 0-0.0035, 0.013-0.139, 0.002-0.06, 0.001-0.09, 0.003-0.08, 0.075-0.488, 0,001-0.389 mg/l respectively. The total heavy metal ions flux in the groundwater of the study area was found to be 11.104 mg/l. The presence of heavy metal ions in the groundwater samples suggests that, assessment of water quality parameters and water quality management practices should be done periodically in order to protect the valuable but limited fresh water resources. Principal component analysis was used to identify the major contributing factor of contamination and also to examine the spatial changes of groundwater quality of the study area.\nKeywords: Groundwater, Heavy metals, Correlation analysis, Principal component analysis, Biplot.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880891/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:04.094-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856577/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856577/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233-libre.pdf?1500026177=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=efLesBNpy2~ikjCeERe~d7667h7LiuAZZ1iEEhMfLOuoCwovg0Xh7P73Wk0kCt7cYQJRA6ounzvX18t0I2Z8xwVRArqwoPi8P~cVsVio1gpBPoUv1VdsM1g~9a0hWuenU-klpMOeE8jZa2wx8C5Jklz0xbbrVjmns8TZt6fi9DiIhh6gfq1Z-siqyv8VBh-GNdb7wF2~5YusBalQFC7to4BS3D0JnwmndNsozI5JXO3brCIh3PzrJlrDNP8a6HB5nBqxU~2iFt1A8deM0LwY446frdbXiofmzzv5q1XVH98hvdWrM~ziPdg-4pvsIKPQPxB1upd~GVngLemkilJOKQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This study assessed the heavy metal concentration in groundwater for domestic purposes in the Nalagarh tehsil of Solan district in terms of spatial variations in the heavy metal ions fluxes. The monitoring was done for the pre-monsoon season of 2012 and eight heavy metals was considered. The mean Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Cr6+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ content at twenty-five sampling locations were found in the range of 0.02-0.068, 0-0.0035, 0.013-0.139, 0.002-0.06, 0.001-0.09, 0.003-0.08, 0.075-0.488, 0,001-0.389 mg/l respectively. The total heavy metal ions flux in the groundwater of the study area was found to be 11.104 mg/l. The presence of heavy metal ions in the groundwater samples suggests that, assessment of water quality parameters and water quality management practices should be done periodically in order to protect the valuable but limited fresh water resources. Principal component analysis was used to identify the major contributing factor of contamination and also to examine the spatial changes of groundwater quality of the study area.\nKeywords: Groundwater, Heavy metals, Correlation analysis, Principal component analysis, Biplot.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856577/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856577/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233-libre.pdf?1500026177=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=efLesBNpy2~ikjCeERe~d7667h7LiuAZZ1iEEhMfLOuoCwovg0Xh7P73Wk0kCt7cYQJRA6ounzvX18t0I2Z8xwVRArqwoPi8P~cVsVio1gpBPoUv1VdsM1g~9a0hWuenU-klpMOeE8jZa2wx8C5Jklz0xbbrVjmns8TZt6fi9DiIhh6gfq1Z-siqyv8VBh-GNdb7wF2~5YusBalQFC7to4BS3D0JnwmndNsozI5JXO3brCIh3PzrJlrDNP8a6HB5nBqxU~2iFt1A8deM0LwY446frdbXiofmzzv5q1XVH98hvdWrM~ziPdg-4pvsIKPQPxB1upd~GVngLemkilJOKQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880890"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880890/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856578/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880890/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Trivandrum district has been studied to characterize the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Trivandrum district has been studied to characterize the groundwater potential and prospects. The study area is occupied by four watersheds (Ayirur, Vamanapuram, Karamana and Neyyar) and groundwater is one of the main sources of water for drinking and agricultural purpose. The groundwater scenario has been assessed by using the water table contour maps and groundwater level fluctuation maps based on the data obtained from 93 observation wells. The average water level in the region is 9 to 13 and 8 to 10 mbgl during pre and post monsoon seasons respectively. The deepest water level (20.21 mbgl to 26.67 mbgl) is recorded from places such as Chovvarapotta, Pazhayaucchakkada and Ozhukupara and shallowest water level (0.85 mbgl to 1.61 mbgl) is in places like Irumba, Punnamkarikkakam, Kathipara and Erattachira. Most of the deep dug wells go dry during summer months, though these wells show good water level fluctuation during rainy season. A detailed investigation has revealed that substantial quantity of groundwater is being lost as base flow. This base flow of groundwater makes the rivers and river lets, perennial in the area. The long term trend analysis shows that (ten years data), majority of the wells are showing declining trend (1.99 m/year) and this decline is attributed to the change in land use pattern in the area and less recharge from the rainfall. The rainfall analysis shows that there is not much variation in the rainfall pattern over the last few years. On the basis of mathematical projection the water level trends for the next ten years has been predicted. The analysis shows that the groundwater potential in the hard rock aquifer is depleting hence an immediate recharge measures have to be implemented in this region to arrest the decline trend and the base flow.<br />Keywords: Hard rock aquifer, Kerala, Groundwater resources, Hydrochemistry, Long term trend.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880890-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880890-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633583/figure-1-the-groundwater-in-these-crystalline-formations-is"><img alt="The groundwater in these crystalline formations is found in unconfined and semi to confined conditions. The occurrence and movement of groundwater in this region is controlled by the secondary porosity in the crystalline rocks. Due to the variation in lithology and fracture patterns these aquifers are highly heterogeneous in nature (Alain et al., 2014). Groundwater occurs in phreatic as well as deeper zones in the weathered crystalline rocks and the fractured crystalline rocks respectively. The shallow aquifers generally occur within a depth of 25m. The yield of wells in these formations ranges from 6 to 12m*/day. The deeper fractures (between 50 and 80 m depth) in hard rock form major potential aquifers at places. The yield of wells tapped in deeper fractures ranged from 30 to 1200 lpm (CGWB, 2013). Figure. 1: Location map of the study area " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633587/figure-2-during-post-monsoon-the-total-scenario-change-depth"><img alt="During post-monsoon the total scenario change: (Figure 2a & b). Figure 2a: Depth to water level during pre-monsoon season (April 2014) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633590/figure-3-fluctuation-maximum-in-vamanapuram-and-karamana"><img alt="Fluctuation 1s maximum in Vamanapuram and Karamana river basins (4.31 and 16.31 mbgl). Whereas the minimum fluctuation is recorded in the eyyar river basin (-2.04 mbgl). The midland portions of Vamanapuram and Karamana river basins have maximum fluctuation. So recharge occurs maximum at these areas. Minimum fluctuation is observed from Kottakkal and maximum fluctuation is from Alanthara. The Figure 3 shows that the rate of fluctuation minimal in the southern part of the area 1098 sq km). Figure 3: Fluctuation map (2014) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633593/figure-2-depth-to-water-level-during-post-monsoon-season"><img alt="Figure 2b: Depth to water level during post-monsoon season (November 2014) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633595/figure-4-water-contour-map-from-the-seasonal-groundwater"><img alt="Figure 4; Water table contour map From the seasonal groundwater level, deepest water evel recorded from Pazhayauchakkada and shallow water levels from Kathipara. About 7% of the ocations show negative seasonal fluctuation, ie. the post-monsoon seasonal water level is lower than that of the pre-monsoon water level. This indicates the groundwater is not sufficiently recharged from the precipitation. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633596/figure-6-hydrographs-showing-pre-monsoon-water-levels-for"><img alt="Figure 6a: Hydrographs showing pre-monsoon water levels for the years 2004, 2009, 2014 and 2020 Long-term trend of the water level depicts that the locations such as Vamanapuram, Perunkadavila, Pangod, Nedumangad, Kattakkada, Kallar and Aruvikkara show a rate of decline of pre-monsoon water level ranges from 0.5 to 6 mbgl and the rate of decline of post-monsoon season ranges from 0.4 to 4.9 mbgl. This shows that groundwater level has a decline trend in all river basins during pre-monsoon season. Water level in Palode shows rising trend with a rate of 0.6 and 2.3 mbgl during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon respectively. The water level trend in areas such as Pothencode, Vithura, Maruthamala and Kallikkad shows a falling trend during post-monsoon season only. That is during post-monsoon season groundwater level shows a decline trend in Vamanapuram and Neyyar river basins. In Amboori, water level is constant during pre-monsoon and shows a rising trend during post-monsoon season. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633598/figure-5-shows-that-there-is-continuous-decline-of-water"><img alt="shows that there is continuous decline of water level: in both pre and post monsoon seasons. Figure 5: Hydrographs of water level for 15 well locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633600/figure-6-hydrographs-showing-post-monsoon-water-levels-for"><img alt="Figure 6b: Hydrographs showing post-monsoon water levels for the years 2004, 2009, 2014 and 2020 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880890-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d979718d8ec7d781fa293843d37c9e75" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856578,"asset_id":33880890,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856578/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880890"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880890"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880890; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880890]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880890]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880890; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880890']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d979718d8ec7d781fa293843d37c9e75" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880890]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880890,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Trivandrum district has been studied to characterize the groundwater potential and prospects. The study area is occupied by four watersheds (Ayirur, Vamanapuram, Karamana and Neyyar) and groundwater is one of the main sources of water for drinking and agricultural purpose. The groundwater scenario has been assessed by using the water table contour maps and groundwater level fluctuation maps based on the data obtained from 93 observation wells. The average water level in the region is 9 to 13 and 8 to 10 mbgl during pre and post monsoon seasons respectively. The deepest water level (20.21 mbgl to 26.67 mbgl) is recorded from places such as Chovvarapotta, Pazhayaucchakkada and Ozhukupara and shallowest water level (0.85 mbgl to 1.61 mbgl) is in places like Irumba, Punnamkarikkakam, Kathipara and Erattachira. Most of the deep dug wells go dry during summer months, though these wells show good water level fluctuation during rainy season. A detailed investigation has revealed that substantial quantity of groundwater is being lost as base flow. This base flow of groundwater makes the rivers and river lets, perennial in the area. The long term trend analysis shows that (ten years data), majority of the wells are showing declining trend (1.99 m/year) and this decline is attributed to the change in land use pattern in the area and less recharge from the rainfall. The rainfall analysis shows that there is not much variation in the rainfall pattern over the last few years. On the basis of mathematical projection the water level trends for the next ten years has been predicted. The analysis shows that the groundwater potential in the hard rock aquifer is depleting hence an immediate recharge measures have to be implemented in this region to arrest the decline trend and the base flow.\nKeywords: Hard rock aquifer, Kerala, Groundwater resources, Hydrochemistry, Long term trend."},"translated_abstract":"Groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Trivandrum district has been studied to characterize the groundwater potential and prospects. The study area is occupied by four watersheds (Ayirur, Vamanapuram, Karamana and Neyyar) and groundwater is one of the main sources of water for drinking and agricultural purpose. The groundwater scenario has been assessed by using the water table contour maps and groundwater level fluctuation maps based on the data obtained from 93 observation wells. The average water level in the region is 9 to 13 and 8 to 10 mbgl during pre and post monsoon seasons respectively. The deepest water level (20.21 mbgl to 26.67 mbgl) is recorded from places such as Chovvarapotta, Pazhayaucchakkada and Ozhukupara and shallowest water level (0.85 mbgl to 1.61 mbgl) is in places like Irumba, Punnamkarikkakam, Kathipara and Erattachira. Most of the deep dug wells go dry during summer months, though these wells show good water level fluctuation during rainy season. A detailed investigation has revealed that substantial quantity of groundwater is being lost as base flow. This base flow of groundwater makes the rivers and river lets, perennial in the area. The long term trend analysis shows that (ten years data), majority of the wells are showing declining trend (1.99 m/year) and this decline is attributed to the change in land use pattern in the area and less recharge from the rainfall. The rainfall analysis shows that there is not much variation in the rainfall pattern over the last few years. On the basis of mathematical projection the water level trends for the next ten years has been predicted. The analysis shows that the groundwater potential in the hard rock aquifer is depleting hence an immediate recharge measures have to be implemented in this region to arrest the decline trend and the base flow.\nKeywords: Hard rock aquifer, Kerala, Groundwater resources, Hydrochemistry, Long term trend.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880890/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:04.039-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856578,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856578/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856578/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856578/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232-libre.pdf?1500026171=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=cF526oBTOHB1cLITy1MW5NpUPxiWuDYBoa2V77y09X8llUuQhE7wjpAqAKN~QJDZU6lXcmoz5V~qRuzIsXFJV5Pp6U8grFPjT0SRuBLIzoD1ThSmKG3Ig8SGvq9RbqF2RnU~DMQEtcxetAOPKZaVrOFik4Wx73VOcOH~SN7eW2~sLwumHsy1oNjThlhLlJCpoFitQUz1VjYw9TafmkQP32iTGxw0H0spDhKEBdwXJq-Y3-Mo4Jd~9B29h7a0EXfq45Hw0LQdOIY-ghcBzv2QkLh7lXWpAMg-wkwOKrcnl61clIZjFNvzx4ixM1XeqMXTMsshNZbtivg~EeAROxszSw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Trivandrum district has been studied to characterize the groundwater potential and prospects. The study area is occupied by four watersheds (Ayirur, Vamanapuram, Karamana and Neyyar) and groundwater is one of the main sources of water for drinking and agricultural purpose. The groundwater scenario has been assessed by using the water table contour maps and groundwater level fluctuation maps based on the data obtained from 93 observation wells. The average water level in the region is 9 to 13 and 8 to 10 mbgl during pre and post monsoon seasons respectively. The deepest water level (20.21 mbgl to 26.67 mbgl) is recorded from places such as Chovvarapotta, Pazhayaucchakkada and Ozhukupara and shallowest water level (0.85 mbgl to 1.61 mbgl) is in places like Irumba, Punnamkarikkakam, Kathipara and Erattachira. Most of the deep dug wells go dry during summer months, though these wells show good water level fluctuation during rainy season. A detailed investigation has revealed that substantial quantity of groundwater is being lost as base flow. This base flow of groundwater makes the rivers and river lets, perennial in the area. The long term trend analysis shows that (ten years data), majority of the wells are showing declining trend (1.99 m/year) and this decline is attributed to the change in land use pattern in the area and less recharge from the rainfall. The rainfall analysis shows that there is not much variation in the rainfall pattern over the last few years. On the basis of mathematical projection the water level trends for the next ten years has been predicted. The analysis shows that the groundwater potential in the hard rock aquifer is depleting hence an immediate recharge measures have to be implemented in this region to arrest the decline trend and the base flow.\nKeywords: Hard rock aquifer, Kerala, Groundwater resources, Hydrochemistry, Long term trend.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856578,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856578/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856578/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856578/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232-libre.pdf?1500026171=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=cF526oBTOHB1cLITy1MW5NpUPxiWuDYBoa2V77y09X8llUuQhE7wjpAqAKN~QJDZU6lXcmoz5V~qRuzIsXFJV5Pp6U8grFPjT0SRuBLIzoD1ThSmKG3Ig8SGvq9RbqF2RnU~DMQEtcxetAOPKZaVrOFik4Wx73VOcOH~SN7eW2~sLwumHsy1oNjThlhLlJCpoFitQUz1VjYw9TafmkQP32iTGxw0H0spDhKEBdwXJq-Y3-Mo4Jd~9B29h7a0EXfq45Hw0LQdOIY-ghcBzv2QkLh7lXWpAMg-wkwOKrcnl61clIZjFNvzx4ixM1XeqMXTMsshNZbtivg~EeAROxszSw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880890-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880887"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880887/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856576/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880887/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In order to control the construction deformation of the tunnel under the existing highway, the pa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In order to control the construction deformation of the tunnel under the existing highway, the pavement deformation under the condition of the tunnel section of shield tunnel in Shanghai was calculated. The deformation of the pavement under the condition of the tunnel was calculated, and numerical simulation is carried out with FLAC3D numerical simulation. In view of the original pavement deformation amount and shield construction deformation increment and over the pavement deformation specification maximum allowable value of contrast the single grouting reinforcement, setting pile and grouting combined with the road pile foundation reinforcement of three different reinforcement scheme is determined. Through the numerical simulation analysis to determine the scheme for the optimal solution, after the construction of the comparison of the actual deformation, second scheme on deformation control is better than expected. It is proved that the prediction with high accuracy and this is an important reference for similar projects.<br />Keywords: shield method, high-speed bridge, pavement deformation, reinforcement schemes, pile</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3210e8c68ce8e0c2b5aca5ad13e96114" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856576,"asset_id":33880887,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856576/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880887"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880887"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880887; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880887]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880887]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880887; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880887']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3210e8c68ce8e0c2b5aca5ad13e96114" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880887]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880887,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In order to control the construction deformation of the tunnel under the existing highway, the pavement deformation under the condition of the tunnel section of shield tunnel in Shanghai was calculated. The deformation of the pavement under the condition of the tunnel was calculated, and numerical simulation is carried out with FLAC3D numerical simulation. In view of the original pavement deformation amount and shield construction deformation increment and over the pavement deformation specification maximum allowable value of contrast the single grouting reinforcement, setting pile and grouting combined with the road pile foundation reinforcement of three different reinforcement scheme is determined. Through the numerical simulation analysis to determine the scheme for the optimal solution, after the construction of the comparison of the actual deformation, second scheme on deformation control is better than expected. It is proved that the prediction with high accuracy and this is an important reference for similar projects.\nKeywords: shield method, high-speed bridge, pavement deformation, reinforcement schemes, pile","ai_title_tag":"Controlling Tunnel-Induced Pavement Deformation: A Study"},"translated_abstract":"In order to control the construction deformation of the tunnel under the existing highway, the pavement deformation under the condition of the tunnel section of shield tunnel in Shanghai was calculated. The deformation of the pavement under the condition of the tunnel was calculated, and numerical simulation is carried out with FLAC3D numerical simulation. In view of the original pavement deformation amount and shield construction deformation increment and over the pavement deformation specification maximum allowable value of contrast the single grouting reinforcement, setting pile and grouting combined with the road pile foundation reinforcement of three different reinforcement scheme is determined. Through the numerical simulation analysis to determine the scheme for the optimal solution, after the construction of the comparison of the actual deformation, second scheme on deformation control is better than expected. It is proved that the prediction with high accuracy and this is an important reference for similar projects.\nKeywords: shield method, high-speed bridge, pavement deformation, reinforcement schemes, pile","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880887/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:03.550-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856576,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856576/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856576/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856576/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229-libre.pdf?1500026176=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=YJu3KKJiJmJ1q-UizcwoXtY7QW23Kxfa74q6MvduH-bKOqKb1gyqq84mGD0eTlyWfXvP6wWVxZxrbIF2ajmLkN7xQiKBZqWBkuM4~fByoIF6mYc5RTP2lFgeJZ2Y91XNbgaFqm98ZdzBIVKe7QQxtrTiA5pFkdRV3Ac35pwCuS9tplRKCvAKAPD~F6UZMuiSNQlUjy8jnv-Q6WZnzl6A~2IkywaRhv-mqwKbR-kLiOl1nOjK9hO6ZUHh7K~~fAJwICZMJppcpz99aHycBIRrVTTP6AWCxmFBujgDemCorxrWHrJ6EbymOryfAC65BCwDNZFEwYEnioyI6RgETKN2Uw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"In order to control the construction deformation of the tunnel under the existing highway, the pavement deformation under the condition of the tunnel section of shield tunnel in Shanghai was calculated. The deformation of the pavement under the condition of the tunnel was calculated, and numerical simulation is carried out with FLAC3D numerical simulation. In view of the original pavement deformation amount and shield construction deformation increment and over the pavement deformation specification maximum allowable value of contrast the single grouting reinforcement, setting pile and grouting combined with the road pile foundation reinforcement of three different reinforcement scheme is determined. Through the numerical simulation analysis to determine the scheme for the optimal solution, after the construction of the comparison of the actual deformation, second scheme on deformation control is better than expected. It is proved that the prediction with high accuracy and this is an important reference for similar projects.\nKeywords: shield method, high-speed bridge, pavement deformation, reinforcement schemes, pile","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856576,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856576/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856576/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856576/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229-libre.pdf?1500026176=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=YJu3KKJiJmJ1q-UizcwoXtY7QW23Kxfa74q6MvduH-bKOqKb1gyqq84mGD0eTlyWfXvP6wWVxZxrbIF2ajmLkN7xQiKBZqWBkuM4~fByoIF6mYc5RTP2lFgeJZ2Y91XNbgaFqm98ZdzBIVKe7QQxtrTiA5pFkdRV3Ac35pwCuS9tplRKCvAKAPD~F6UZMuiSNQlUjy8jnv-Q6WZnzl6A~2IkywaRhv-mqwKbR-kLiOl1nOjK9hO6ZUHh7K~~fAJwICZMJppcpz99aHycBIRrVTTP6AWCxmFBujgDemCorxrWHrJ6EbymOryfAC65BCwDNZFEwYEnioyI6RgETKN2Uw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880884"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880884/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856571/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880884/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS) as a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS) as a byproduct, which is a non–biodegradable waste material, from which only a small percentage is used by cement industry to manufacture cement. In the present investigation granulated blast furnace slag from local industries has been utilized as marginal material to find its suitability as a fine aggregate in concrete making. Replacing all or some portion of natural sand with slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. The strength development when granulated blast furnace slag replaces the conventional sand is found to be more significant at lower water-cement ratios compared to higher water-cement ratios. In this investigation it is also intended to study the strength development in concrete cubes by replacing natural sand with granulated blast furnace slag at different proportions, on the basis of the Abrams’ law. The sand is replaced by granulated blast furnace slag at proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight, in order to ascertain the effects more clearly. In the present study it was observed that the bulk density is reduced with reduction in water-cement ratio, as a result the strength developed with age got reduced with decrease in water-cement ratio. Keeping the bulk density constant by use of additional quantity and increasing the compaction effort the strength is found to be increased with decreasing water-cement ratio i.e., it follows Abrams’ law. Abrams’ law can be generalized by normalization of strength values at S0.6. This generalized approach to predict strength has been confirmed by additional experimental data.<br />Key words: Abrams’ Law, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), Replacement of Sand, Water-Cement Ratio (w/c), Compressive Strength, Normalization of Strength</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880884-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880884-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844935/figure-1-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density-slag"><img alt="Fig 1a. Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density (slag — 0%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844943/table-5-compressive-strength-for-constant-bulk-density-in"><img alt="Table 5: Compressive Strength for Constant Bulk Density in MPa " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844902/table-2-quantities-of-aggregate"><img alt="Table 2: Quantities of Aggregate " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844904/table-4-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density-in-mpa"><img alt="Table 4: Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density in MPa " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844911/table-3-quantities-of-water-strength-development-in-cement"><img alt="Table 3: Quantities of Water 6. Strength Development in Cement Concrete Blocks " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844948/table-5-concluding-remarks-prediction-of-strength"><img alt="7. Concluding Remarks Table 5: Prediction of Strength " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844789/figure-1-ig-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density"><img alt="‘ig 1c. Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density (slag —20%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844797/figure-1-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density-slag"><img alt="Fig 1b. Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density (slag -10%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844807/figure-2-the-effect-of-water-cement-ratio-and-different"><img alt="Figure 2. The effect of water-cement ratio and different compaction methods on the Compressive strength of concrete (J uvas, 1996) With the decrease in degree of saturation the gel- space ratio increases at a specified age and consequently the residual porosity increases. This brings down the strength even though the water — cement ratio decreased. Juvas (1996) [12], while discussing the characteristics of very dry pre-casting concretes schematically depicts (Figure 2) the possibility of decrease of strength with reduction in water-cement ratio. This inference is not supported by any experimental data and other earlier investigators have not explained such a possibility. Figure 2. The effect of water-cement ratio and different compaction methods on the Compressive strength of concrete (J uvas, 1996) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844815/figure-4-ijee"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844828/figure-3-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density"><img alt="Fig 3d. Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density & Constant Bulk Density (slag -30%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844834/figure-3-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density"><img alt="Fig 3b. Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density & Constant Bulk Density (slag -10%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844842/figure-3-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density"><img alt="Fig 3c Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density & Constant Bulk Density (slag —20%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844860/figure-4-in-the-above-relation-the-strength-ratio-at"><img alt="In the above relation the strength ratio at a particular period of curing represents the effects the residual porosity compatible with gel-space ratio. Although the data analysed is limited the generalization has been clearly indicative. With more data the functional form would not change but the constants might slightly change to encompass the effects of wider range and different combinations of cementing materials. Figure 4: Strength development as w/c ratio varies at different ages " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844872/figure-9-ijee"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844883/figure-6-for-the-range-of-cement-water-ratios-covered-the"><img alt="For the range of cement-water ratios covered, the normalization has been done with respect to water- cement ratio of 0.6 which is an intermediate value between 0.3 and 0.8 and (figure 6). It has been found that a linear functional relation of the form, as given below, have been obtained with correlation coefficients of 0.9683, 0.9662, 0.9679 and 0.9653. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844890/figure-11-ijee"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844895/table-1-ijee"><img alt="5.5. Experimental Study " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880884-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="af7fa79aca56a2a2916d9653d1cd642e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856571,"asset_id":33880884,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856571/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880884"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880884"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880884; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880884]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880884]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880884; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880884']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "af7fa79aca56a2a2916d9653d1cd642e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880884]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880884,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS) as a byproduct, which is a non–biodegradable waste material, from which only a small percentage is used by cement industry to manufacture cement. In the present investigation granulated blast furnace slag from local industries has been utilized as marginal material to find its suitability as a fine aggregate in concrete making. Replacing all or some portion of natural sand with slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. The strength development when granulated blast furnace slag replaces the conventional sand is found to be more significant at lower water-cement ratios compared to higher water-cement ratios. In this investigation it is also intended to study the strength development in concrete cubes by replacing natural sand with granulated blast furnace slag at different proportions, on the basis of the Abrams’ law. The sand is replaced by granulated blast furnace slag at proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight, in order to ascertain the effects more clearly. In the present study it was observed that the bulk density is reduced with reduction in water-cement ratio, as a result the strength developed with age got reduced with decrease in water-cement ratio. Keeping the bulk density constant by use of additional quantity and increasing the compaction effort the strength is found to be increased with decreasing water-cement ratio i.e., it follows Abrams’ law. Abrams’ law can be generalized by normalization of strength values at S0.6. This generalized approach to predict strength has been confirmed by additional experimental data.\nKey words: Abrams’ Law, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), Replacement of Sand, Water-Cement Ratio (w/c), Compressive Strength, Normalization of Strength"},"translated_abstract":"The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS) as a byproduct, which is a non–biodegradable waste material, from which only a small percentage is used by cement industry to manufacture cement. In the present investigation granulated blast furnace slag from local industries has been utilized as marginal material to find its suitability as a fine aggregate in concrete making. Replacing all or some portion of natural sand with slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. The strength development when granulated blast furnace slag replaces the conventional sand is found to be more significant at lower water-cement ratios compared to higher water-cement ratios. In this investigation it is also intended to study the strength development in concrete cubes by replacing natural sand with granulated blast furnace slag at different proportions, on the basis of the Abrams’ law. The sand is replaced by granulated blast furnace slag at proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight, in order to ascertain the effects more clearly. In the present study it was observed that the bulk density is reduced with reduction in water-cement ratio, as a result the strength developed with age got reduced with decrease in water-cement ratio. Keeping the bulk density constant by use of additional quantity and increasing the compaction effort the strength is found to be increased with decreasing water-cement ratio i.e., it follows Abrams’ law. Abrams’ law can be generalized by normalization of strength values at S0.6. This generalized approach to predict strength has been confirmed by additional experimental data.\nKey words: Abrams’ Law, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), Replacement of Sand, Water-Cement Ratio (w/c), Compressive Strength, Normalization of Strength","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880884/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:03.102-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856571,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856571/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856571/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856571/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226-libre.pdf?1500026178=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=awVD5jA67wgt~ouu~onqFVAJRzh2wOPV3O2gL7vKDDfIAYtf15g17PuGkO7hkJE~7hKrbC1OAGcGx8iyRQfNOjgm0aUZc1FtOonv3z2IOWF3fJrRbGJk~I9s0xPNygCLZhYSGqSxjXxt9t7nQn2ETv55qQqL3w5NatEc811Ffz-NJwU0VQOSUa1HofykM1gBxTluZAXPLP8SoyKnzw1XgbdWnh5HyYAJ3zXp6nN3rpcgeVRDYtMG3KJxQxjGla12e6oVBfpuuKzKWY35Y7NPhAe9oOOrf-OdgHOFe4Ac4xzb~gRT00PxSAwVsUhjSkz-DbIIXf2y7TstQ~rcrvIK5w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS) as a byproduct, which is a non–biodegradable waste material, from which only a small percentage is used by cement industry to manufacture cement. In the present investigation granulated blast furnace slag from local industries has been utilized as marginal material to find its suitability as a fine aggregate in concrete making. Replacing all or some portion of natural sand with slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. The strength development when granulated blast furnace slag replaces the conventional sand is found to be more significant at lower water-cement ratios compared to higher water-cement ratios. In this investigation it is also intended to study the strength development in concrete cubes by replacing natural sand with granulated blast furnace slag at different proportions, on the basis of the Abrams’ law. The sand is replaced by granulated blast furnace slag at proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight, in order to ascertain the effects more clearly. In the present study it was observed that the bulk density is reduced with reduction in water-cement ratio, as a result the strength developed with age got reduced with decrease in water-cement ratio. Keeping the bulk density constant by use of additional quantity and increasing the compaction effort the strength is found to be increased with decreasing water-cement ratio i.e., it follows Abrams’ law. Abrams’ law can be generalized by normalization of strength values at S0.6. This generalized approach to predict strength has been confirmed by additional experimental data.\nKey words: Abrams’ Law, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), Replacement of Sand, Water-Cement Ratio (w/c), Compressive Strength, Normalization of Strength","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856571,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856571/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856571/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856571/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226-libre.pdf?1500026178=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=awVD5jA67wgt~ouu~onqFVAJRzh2wOPV3O2gL7vKDDfIAYtf15g17PuGkO7hkJE~7hKrbC1OAGcGx8iyRQfNOjgm0aUZc1FtOonv3z2IOWF3fJrRbGJk~I9s0xPNygCLZhYSGqSxjXxt9t7nQn2ETv55qQqL3w5NatEc811Ffz-NJwU0VQOSUa1HofykM1gBxTluZAXPLP8SoyKnzw1XgbdWnh5HyYAJ3zXp6nN3rpcgeVRDYtMG3KJxQxjGla12e6oVBfpuuKzKWY35Y7NPhAe9oOOrf-OdgHOFe4Ac4xzb~gRT00PxSAwVsUhjSkz-DbIIXf2y7TstQ~rcrvIK5w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880884-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880883"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880883/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856567/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880883/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The presents work includes experimental study on enhancement in behavior of conventional brick co...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The presents work includes experimental study on enhancement in behavior of conventional brick columns under compressive as well as eccentric load with and without ferrocement encasement. The experimental program includes testing of column specimens having square and rectangular cross sections under axial compressive loadings and eccentric loading. The test samples comprise of six designation series for both rectangular and square shapes to make comparative study between conventionally used brick masonry columns and columns encased with welded steel mesh with spacing (19.05X19.05)mm. The main variables are the gauge of wire mesh, shape of cross section of columns and type of loading (axial/eccentric). The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of employing the wire mesh in reinforcing the conventional brick columns. The results of experiments are reported and discussed including strength, cracking and failure patterns. The results proved that encased brick columns can be developed with high strength, resistance to crack propagation and decrease in width of crack as compared to plain specimen. However, premature failure is possible when bond at the interface of brick masonry column and ferrocement is poor<br />Keywords: ferrocement, wiremesh, confinement, axial load, eccentric load.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f564a84d32302400ef04fc6a1dc9162e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856567,"asset_id":33880883,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856567/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880883"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880883"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880883; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880883]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880883]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880883; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880883']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f564a84d32302400ef04fc6a1dc9162e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880883]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880883,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The presents work includes experimental study on enhancement in behavior of conventional brick columns under compressive as well as eccentric load with and without ferrocement encasement. The experimental program includes testing of column specimens having square and rectangular cross sections under axial compressive loadings and eccentric loading. The test samples comprise of six designation series for both rectangular and square shapes to make comparative study between conventionally used brick masonry columns and columns encased with welded steel mesh with spacing (19.05X19.05)mm. The main variables are the gauge of wire mesh, shape of cross section of columns and type of loading (axial/eccentric). The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of employing the wire mesh in reinforcing the conventional brick columns. The results of experiments are reported and discussed including strength, cracking and failure patterns. The results proved that encased brick columns can be developed with high strength, resistance to crack propagation and decrease in width of crack as compared to plain specimen. However, premature failure is possible when bond at the interface of brick masonry column and ferrocement is poor\nKeywords: ferrocement, wiremesh, confinement, axial load, eccentric load."},"translated_abstract":"The presents work includes experimental study on enhancement in behavior of conventional brick columns under compressive as well as eccentric load with and without ferrocement encasement. The experimental program includes testing of column specimens having square and rectangular cross sections under axial compressive loadings and eccentric loading. The test samples comprise of six designation series for both rectangular and square shapes to make comparative study between conventionally used brick masonry columns and columns encased with welded steel mesh with spacing (19.05X19.05)mm. The main variables are the gauge of wire mesh, shape of cross section of columns and type of loading (axial/eccentric). The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of employing the wire mesh in reinforcing the conventional brick columns. The results of experiments are reported and discussed including strength, cracking and failure patterns. The results proved that encased brick columns can be developed with high strength, resistance to crack propagation and decrease in width of crack as compared to plain specimen. However, premature failure is possible when bond at the interface of brick masonry column and ferrocement is poor\nKeywords: ferrocement, wiremesh, confinement, axial load, eccentric load.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880883/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:02.918-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856567,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856567/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856567/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856567/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225-libre.pdf?1500026177=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=Bp4Zl5GySnUPG4ydAaB7Z~zLO7yAdXtCv1hb5l340e8PTTxGpEIynKT5ZMas46IS0-p~8arRmpgZrC5v9g4vc0pWT6X9QuyhCOnTmN4LRNeJ6DFnO0lWv1aVq2YFqGfddQ3TQlieCDW2yj-JCuwu4bb5FMOyqhq2VOh~BBr9lDxH~IRrZ~v0JYCDqGhQHNdXaS4QsYj8aTEcmceKzv59kTozp~mlfnkAXTpU48M~OeaNVEh58zDDzACElCuge9aP6sXDyOBR7hht8fFg6MgODROFs0Ced3DP0dR2VgkqGzoes4xkHu8acGVV0xknJ3MOpXUTCJDbnGSzDlScmT0D1Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The presents work includes experimental study on enhancement in behavior of conventional brick columns under compressive as well as eccentric load with and without ferrocement encasement. The experimental program includes testing of column specimens having square and rectangular cross sections under axial compressive loadings and eccentric loading. The test samples comprise of six designation series for both rectangular and square shapes to make comparative study between conventionally used brick masonry columns and columns encased with welded steel mesh with spacing (19.05X19.05)mm. The main variables are the gauge of wire mesh, shape of cross section of columns and type of loading (axial/eccentric). The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of employing the wire mesh in reinforcing the conventional brick columns. The results of experiments are reported and discussed including strength, cracking and failure patterns. The results proved that encased brick columns can be developed with high strength, resistance to crack propagation and decrease in width of crack as compared to plain specimen. However, premature failure is possible when bond at the interface of brick masonry column and ferrocement is poor\nKeywords: ferrocement, wiremesh, confinement, axial load, eccentric load.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856567,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856567/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856567/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856567/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225-libre.pdf?1500026177=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=Bp4Zl5GySnUPG4ydAaB7Z~zLO7yAdXtCv1hb5l340e8PTTxGpEIynKT5ZMas46IS0-p~8arRmpgZrC5v9g4vc0pWT6X9QuyhCOnTmN4LRNeJ6DFnO0lWv1aVq2YFqGfddQ3TQlieCDW2yj-JCuwu4bb5FMOyqhq2VOh~BBr9lDxH~IRrZ~v0JYCDqGhQHNdXaS4QsYj8aTEcmceKzv59kTozp~mlfnkAXTpU48M~OeaNVEh58zDDzACElCuge9aP6sXDyOBR7hht8fFg6MgODROFs0Ced3DP0dR2VgkqGzoes4xkHu8acGVV0xknJ3MOpXUTCJDbnGSzDlScmT0D1Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880881"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880881/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856570/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880881/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Research is being undertaken to find an alternate material to steel in reinforced concrete elemen...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Research is being undertaken to find an alternate material to steel in reinforced concrete elements. Bamboo has emerged as a possible material, which can be used as an alternative to steel. Present research work involves both experimental and analytical studies. In experimental study, various physical and mechanical properties of bamboo were evaluated. A comparative study was conducted on bamboo reinforced concrete beam and steel reinforced concrete beam, in terms of flexural strength, shear strength and bond strength. In analytical study, finite element modelling of PC, RC and BRC beams were performed using commercially available finite element software, ABAQUS. Results obtained from experiments were used as input for modelling.<br />Keywords: Modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, Flexural strength, Shear strength, Bond strength, FEM, ABAQUS</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a23ae7a38267d8ed8e81a6e2528bf56d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856570,"asset_id":33880881,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856570/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880881"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880881"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880881; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880881]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880881]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880881; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880881']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a23ae7a38267d8ed8e81a6e2528bf56d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880881]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880881,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Research is being undertaken to find an alternate material to steel in reinforced concrete elements. Bamboo has emerged as a possible material, which can be used as an alternative to steel. Present research work involves both experimental and analytical studies. In experimental study, various physical and mechanical properties of bamboo were evaluated. A comparative study was conducted on bamboo reinforced concrete beam and steel reinforced concrete beam, in terms of flexural strength, shear strength and bond strength. In analytical study, finite element modelling of PC, RC and BRC beams were performed using commercially available finite element software, ABAQUS. Results obtained from experiments were used as input for modelling.\nKeywords: Modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, Flexural strength, Shear strength, Bond strength, FEM, ABAQUS","ai_title_tag":"Bamboo as a Steel Alternative in Reinforced Concrete Structures"},"translated_abstract":"Research is being undertaken to find an alternate material to steel in reinforced concrete elements. Bamboo has emerged as a possible material, which can be used as an alternative to steel. Present research work involves both experimental and analytical studies. In experimental study, various physical and mechanical properties of bamboo were evaluated. A comparative study was conducted on bamboo reinforced concrete beam and steel reinforced concrete beam, in terms of flexural strength, shear strength and bond strength. In analytical study, finite element modelling of PC, RC and BRC beams were performed using commercially available finite element software, ABAQUS. Results obtained from experiments were used as input for modelling.\nKeywords: Modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, Flexural strength, Shear strength, Bond strength, FEM, ABAQUS","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880881/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:02.620-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856570,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856570/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856570/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856570/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223-libre.pdf?1500026181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743157804\u0026Signature=aB4TNOW9sXo2NYRpXT1T1xJw9chyFyNt-WL-hwV3XE8r9~cj0bPzIulSJOX7HtNrtEzWIlxb5AUbC~PL2nr4A1Hx1hHYHEajERzVNvoSwLU1AuVNahXJhRFFHg2EO~g0AeXfx-5LMi87~VedzHVPbJpx1ej9bjFVZCKSk9ML21czlJnvEje~xm6ppdZerwjALc51gdoZA~e2zq2EEy4N7Jlxapf3awCkUBGOBw-jHJg7nS0InYOe8c3WYXtAlEMGc2933milXGX-XH64eD5YvMQzXoVl2wgt-A3Ba4O0qqVRhj8QM4pjCp-~GplDSBFgOLWD8tSodFRAqvFNFKL7Fg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Research is being undertaken to find an alternate material to steel in reinforced concrete elements. Bamboo has emerged as a possible material, which can be used as an alternative to steel. Present research work involves both experimental and analytical studies. In experimental study, various physical and mechanical properties of bamboo were evaluated. A comparative study was conducted on bamboo reinforced concrete beam and steel reinforced concrete beam, in terms of flexural strength, shear strength and bond strength. In analytical study, finite element modelling of PC, RC and BRC beams were performed using commercially available finite element software, ABAQUS. Results obtained from experiments were used as input for modelling.\nKeywords: Modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, Flexural strength, Shear strength, Bond strength, FEM, ABAQUS","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856570,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856570/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856570/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856570/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223-libre.pdf?1500026181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743157804\u0026Signature=aB4TNOW9sXo2NYRpXT1T1xJw9chyFyNt-WL-hwV3XE8r9~cj0bPzIulSJOX7HtNrtEzWIlxb5AUbC~PL2nr4A1Hx1hHYHEajERzVNvoSwLU1AuVNahXJhRFFHg2EO~g0AeXfx-5LMi87~VedzHVPbJpx1ej9bjFVZCKSk9ML21czlJnvEje~xm6ppdZerwjALc51gdoZA~e2zq2EEy4N7Jlxapf3awCkUBGOBw-jHJg7nS0InYOe8c3WYXtAlEMGc2933milXGX-XH64eD5YvMQzXoVl2wgt-A3Ba4O0qqVRhj8QM4pjCp-~GplDSBFgOLWD8tSodFRAqvFNFKL7Fg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="6421893" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880908"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880908/Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cuddapah_intrusive_Province_Peninsular_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Petrography of ferrosyenites from the Cuddapah intrusive Province, Peninsular India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856595/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880908/Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cuddapah_intrusive_Province_Peninsular_India">Petrography of ferrosyenites from the Cuddapah intrusive Province, Peninsular India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The paper deals with the petrographic details of the subalkaline ferrosyenites which are emplaced...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The paper deals with the petrographic details of the subalkaline ferrosyenites which are emplaced in the Cuddapah intrusive province (CIP) of peninsular India. These leucocratic rare rock types (colour index ranges 7 to 19 vol%) are found emplaced at Gundlapalle and Gokanakonda in the Guntur district and at Uppalapadu in the Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh. All the ferrosyenites show equigranular, hypidiomorphic texture but mineralogically they are different, even though they are uniformly subalkaline in character. Ferrohedenbergite and its altered product called nontronite are found in Gundlapalle ferrosyenite, but fayalite along with clinopyroxene are found in Gokanakonda and Uppalapadu ferrosyenite. Again, at Gokanakonda, a second type of ferrosyenite is found with fayalite along with quartz.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6149bafe87cd4c0e07abfd675cae2a6c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856595,"asset_id":33880908,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856595/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880908"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880908"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880908; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880908]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880908]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880908; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880908']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6149bafe87cd4c0e07abfd675cae2a6c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880908]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880908,"title":"Petrography of ferrosyenites from the Cuddapah intrusive Province, Peninsular India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The paper deals with the petrographic details of the subalkaline ferrosyenites which are emplaced in the Cuddapah intrusive province (CIP) of peninsular India. These leucocratic rare rock types (colour index ranges 7 to 19 vol%) are found emplaced at Gundlapalle and Gokanakonda in the Guntur district and at Uppalapadu in the Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh. All the ferrosyenites show equigranular, hypidiomorphic texture but mineralogically they are different, even though they are uniformly subalkaline in character. Ferrohedenbergite and its altered product called nontronite are found in Gundlapalle ferrosyenite, but fayalite along with clinopyroxene are found in Gokanakonda and Uppalapadu ferrosyenite. Again, at Gokanakonda, a second type of ferrosyenite is found with fayalite along with quartz."},"translated_abstract":"The paper deals with the petrographic details of the subalkaline ferrosyenites which are emplaced in the Cuddapah intrusive province (CIP) of peninsular India. These leucocratic rare rock types (colour index ranges 7 to 19 vol%) are found emplaced at Gundlapalle and Gokanakonda in the Guntur district and at Uppalapadu in the Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh. All the ferrosyenites show equigranular, hypidiomorphic texture but mineralogically they are different, even though they are uniformly subalkaline in character. Ferrohedenbergite and its altered product called nontronite are found in Gundlapalle ferrosyenite, but fayalite along with clinopyroxene are found in Gokanakonda and Uppalapadu ferrosyenite. Again, at Gokanakonda, a second type of ferrosyenite is found with fayalite along with quartz.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880908/Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cuddapah_intrusive_Province_Peninsular_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:07.258-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717683,"work_id":33880908,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":123093261,"co_author_invite_id":6429187,"email":"m***i@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"ragi mallikarjunareddy","title":"Petrography of ferrosyenites from the Cuddapah intrusive Province, Peninsular India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856595,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856595/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0250.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856595/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cu.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856595/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0250-libre.pdf?1500026158=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPetrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cu.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133438\u0026Signature=ek7W0mCRTHA5lKIN0eY2suiu3F9CTF2gU3BOX3XA05pfojL~gHkyaMa0WjJvhREsX7LJi2aLluNnbzk2w3v7NFbnxaMX848pryeSfC7Ih54yqb8AslqieK5etJ-mgEZQLNWjz8zJETpDBcXtvEo-t6~1TEJvI6uey3F4XL6M-cTq57dQf2EjbkbekpgpzlisZecVp6jyXwxO42e6DbtI5TQaUJ5ttxvM1ggcHH9Up0l3hhuTqVKHIU2DI9P2IthtMjxMGx5-IMqF2DjsEsu3M7cITczlQ-oYNpSxKGYY40WffG17TLMCOpuhixPHNd52f~KYj2jjIcv95e-M7K-nHA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cuddapah_intrusive_Province_Peninsular_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The paper deals with the petrographic details of the subalkaline ferrosyenites which are emplaced in the Cuddapah intrusive province (CIP) of peninsular India. These leucocratic rare rock types (colour index ranges 7 to 19 vol%) are found emplaced at Gundlapalle and Gokanakonda in the Guntur district and at Uppalapadu in the Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh. All the ferrosyenites show equigranular, hypidiomorphic texture but mineralogically they are different, even though they are uniformly subalkaline in character. Ferrohedenbergite and its altered product called nontronite are found in Gundlapalle ferrosyenite, but fayalite along with clinopyroxene are found in Gokanakonda and Uppalapadu ferrosyenite. Again, at Gokanakonda, a second type of ferrosyenite is found with fayalite along with quartz.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856595,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856595/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0250.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856595/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Petrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cu.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856595/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0250-libre.pdf?1500026158=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPetrography_of_ferrosyenites_from_the_Cu.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133438\u0026Signature=ek7W0mCRTHA5lKIN0eY2suiu3F9CTF2gU3BOX3XA05pfojL~gHkyaMa0WjJvhREsX7LJi2aLluNnbzk2w3v7NFbnxaMX848pryeSfC7Ih54yqb8AslqieK5etJ-mgEZQLNWjz8zJETpDBcXtvEo-t6~1TEJvI6uey3F4XL6M-cTq57dQf2EjbkbekpgpzlisZecVp6jyXwxO42e6DbtI5TQaUJ5ttxvM1ggcHH9Up0l3hhuTqVKHIU2DI9P2IthtMjxMGx5-IMqF2DjsEsu3M7cITczlQ-oYNpSxKGYY40WffG17TLMCOpuhixPHNd52f~KYj2jjIcv95e-M7K-nHA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology"},{"id":10769,"name":"Tectonics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tectonics"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880907"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880907/Design_Aspects_of_Modern_Cement_Concrete_Pavements_in_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Design Aspects of Modern Cement Concrete Pavements in India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856593/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880907/Design_Aspects_of_Modern_Cement_Concrete_Pavements_in_India">Design Aspects of Modern Cement Concrete Pavements in India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/tchopra1">t chopra</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">There is an increasing trend for using concrete pavement all over the world because of its abilit...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">There is an increasing trend for using concrete pavement all over the world because of its ability to handle complex loading and environmental conditions that occur in highways. Finite element method is the best tool for analysis of the pavement slab. The pavement slab deteriorates under combined action of axle loads and temperature differential across the depth of slab. The present study illustrates a case study for thickness design and describes the different parameters associated with the design of rigid pavement for a National Highway in Punjab State using tied concrete shoulders. The possibility of bottom-up and top-down cracking was considered. The effect of moisture variations on the development of warping stresses is ignored. The thickness of a pavement slab reduces by about 30 percent if there is a tied concrete shoulder or when the slab has a widened outer lane.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9c3fa710bee7528f761f5e9db68ceba4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856593,"asset_id":33880907,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856593/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880907"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880907"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880907; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880907]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880907]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880907; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880907']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9c3fa710bee7528f761f5e9db68ceba4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880907]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880907,"title":"Design Aspects of Modern Cement Concrete Pavements in India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"There is an increasing trend for using concrete pavement all over the world because of its ability to handle complex loading and environmental conditions that occur in highways. Finite element method is the best tool for analysis of the pavement slab. The pavement slab deteriorates under combined action of axle loads and temperature differential across the depth of slab. The present study illustrates a case study for thickness design and describes the different parameters associated with the design of rigid pavement for a National Highway in Punjab State using tied concrete shoulders. The possibility of bottom-up and top-down cracking was considered. The effect of moisture variations on the development of warping stresses is ignored. The thickness of a pavement slab reduces by about 30 percent if there is a tied concrete shoulder or when the slab has a widened outer lane.","ai_title_tag":"Cement Concrete Pavement Design in India"},"translated_abstract":"There is an increasing trend for using concrete pavement all over the world because of its ability to handle complex loading and environmental conditions that occur in highways. Finite element method is the best tool for analysis of the pavement slab. The pavement slab deteriorates under combined action of axle loads and temperature differential across the depth of slab. The present study illustrates a case study for thickness design and describes the different parameters associated with the design of rigid pavement for a National Highway in Punjab State using tied concrete shoulders. The possibility of bottom-up and top-down cracking was considered. The effect of moisture variations on the development of warping stresses is ignored. The thickness of a pavement slab reduces by about 30 percent if there is a tied concrete shoulder or when the slab has a widened outer lane.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880907/Design_Aspects_of_Modern_Cement_Concrete_Pavements_in_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:07.054-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717681,"work_id":33880907,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":61449644,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"t***a@thapar.edu","display_order":1,"name":"t chopra","title":"Design Aspects of Modern Cement Concrete Pavements in India"},{"id":29717682,"work_id":33880907,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":66626140,"co_author_invite_id":6429186,"email":"a***c@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Avishreshth Tomar","title":"Design Aspects of Modern Cement Concrete Pavements in India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856593,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856593/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0249.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856593/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Design_Aspects_of_Modern_Cement_Concrete.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856593/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0249-libre.pdf?1500026162=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDesign_Aspects_of_Modern_Cement_Concrete.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=PLVzWT~csow9iP2OVmkVneKohwaOd6nOA5KwBHkpWn3rTAT~CJbv5nmaMNj20zMQVisQbsHt9ZRJ0neVkYV0i80RkB~cM8TUoaLnNgNCxZTSM3mU1FlhtF2HOQ16ACongvo6eZZ8tItVPuGDgnOTt5k0VMWJ23~8APrZTSMnxsf3KPHxewznto-q6mv1xBCXM65RZz-rNLMYZMnZEMxU73fAv9t-wvouqcSe7WbeUmxeWRFHZz-o0QjKTRH23-9C46gs4uOkc4PkYCbaAZa8m4tVsqQX4jOTYhh2H2v6LoVeU1~p1a48eZUvhnp~x2Qv~wOxjGs4gho9UQEZpFq89w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Design_Aspects_of_Modern_Cement_Concrete_Pavements_in_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"There is an increasing trend for using concrete pavement all over the world because of its ability to handle complex loading and environmental conditions that occur in highways. Finite element method is the best tool for analysis of the pavement slab. The pavement slab deteriorates under combined action of axle loads and temperature differential across the depth of slab. The present study illustrates a case study for thickness design and describes the different parameters associated with the design of rigid pavement for a National Highway in Punjab State using tied concrete shoulders. The possibility of bottom-up and top-down cracking was considered. The effect of moisture variations on the development of warping stresses is ignored. The thickness of a pavement slab reduces by about 30 percent if there is a tied concrete shoulder or when the slab has a widened outer lane.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856593,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856593/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0249.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856593/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Design_Aspects_of_Modern_Cement_Concrete.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856593/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0249-libre.pdf?1500026162=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDesign_Aspects_of_Modern_Cement_Concrete.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=PLVzWT~csow9iP2OVmkVneKohwaOd6nOA5KwBHkpWn3rTAT~CJbv5nmaMNj20zMQVisQbsHt9ZRJ0neVkYV0i80RkB~cM8TUoaLnNgNCxZTSM3mU1FlhtF2HOQ16ACongvo6eZZ8tItVPuGDgnOTt5k0VMWJ23~8APrZTSMnxsf3KPHxewznto-q6mv1xBCXM65RZz-rNLMYZMnZEMxU73fAv9t-wvouqcSe7WbeUmxeWRFHZz-o0QjKTRH23-9C46gs4uOkc4PkYCbaAZa8m4tVsqQX4jOTYhh2H2v6LoVeU1~p1a48eZUvhnp~x2Qv~wOxjGs4gho9UQEZpFq89w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880907-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880906"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880906/An_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressive_Strength_of_Concrete_by_Using_Jute_Fibers_as_Reinforcement"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Experimental Study to Check Compressive Strength of Concrete by Using Jute Fibers as Reinforcement" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856594/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880906/An_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressive_Strength_of_Concrete_by_Using_Jute_Fibers_as_Reinforcement">An Experimental Study to Check Compressive Strength of Concrete by Using Jute Fibers as Reinforcement</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VikasSofat">Vikas Sofat</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">An experimental study of jute fiber concrete for compressive strength of concrete is carried out ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">An experimental study of jute fiber concrete for compressive strength of concrete is carried out for making a good building material in terms of reinforcement. Jute fiber is environmental-friendly and economical fiber. The slump value and compressive strength of specimens were carried out for three different fractions of jute fiber contents by volume. The slump value decreased sharply with increase in fiber content. The results of the compression test indicated that the presence of jute fiber tends to reduce the compressive strength of concrete at higher fiber content. Despite the reduction in the compressive strength at higher jute fiber content, there is an improvement of compressive strength at low jute fiber content.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="894c6b4eb61a4b6c6cbc62e629466609" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856594,"asset_id":33880906,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856594/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880906"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880906"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880906; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880906]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880906]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880906; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880906']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "894c6b4eb61a4b6c6cbc62e629466609" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880906]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880906,"title":"An Experimental Study to Check Compressive Strength of Concrete by Using Jute Fibers as Reinforcement","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"An experimental study of jute fiber concrete for compressive strength of concrete is carried out for making a good building material in terms of reinforcement. Jute fiber is environmental-friendly and economical fiber. The slump value and compressive strength of specimens were carried out for three different fractions of jute fiber contents by volume. The slump value decreased sharply with increase in fiber content. The results of the compression test indicated that the presence of jute fiber tends to reduce the compressive strength of concrete at higher fiber content. Despite the reduction in the compressive strength at higher jute fiber content, there is an improvement of compressive strength at low jute fiber content."},"translated_abstract":"An experimental study of jute fiber concrete for compressive strength of concrete is carried out for making a good building material in terms of reinforcement. Jute fiber is environmental-friendly and economical fiber. The slump value and compressive strength of specimens were carried out for three different fractions of jute fiber contents by volume. The slump value decreased sharply with increase in fiber content. The results of the compression test indicated that the presence of jute fiber tends to reduce the compressive strength of concrete at higher fiber content. Despite the reduction in the compressive strength at higher jute fiber content, there is an improvement of compressive strength at low jute fiber content.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880906/An_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressive_Strength_of_Concrete_by_Using_Jute_Fibers_as_Reinforcement","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:07.024-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717679,"work_id":33880906,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429184,"email":"s***l@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Suminder Meerwal","title":"An Experimental Study to Check Compressive Strength of Concrete by Using Jute Fibers as Reinforcement"},{"id":29717680,"work_id":33880906,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":285042858,"co_author_invite_id":6429185,"email":"s***s@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Vikas Sofat","title":"An Experimental Study to Check Compressive Strength of Concrete by Using Jute Fibers as Reinforcement"},{"id":40445406,"work_id":33880906,"tagging_user_id":285042858,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":7936537,"email":"a***l@mmumullana.org","display_order":1073741825,"name":"Ankush Khadwal","title":"An Experimental Study to Check Compressive Strength of Concrete by Using Jute Fibers as Reinforcement"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856594,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856594/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0248.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856594/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856594/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0248-libre.pdf?1500026161=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743131219\u0026Signature=EuAi0ruE7UXJNKOySj95~iT5Y~-fHOrP22aSbLTiWd--ALFoysRjuEExgX~SwZxAT7M6sCFo52NrEkN1UdNrGqx9-D0HovBMz--HUkkcZk8Q3NGaFuzrHO6xIPgGQPeyHSoojqeMwFsvye0p0zLPXXOQa-1ZiR2wPQJ2RhLHFjb5vMGcU1zJwi~ZeXXWZH1DE~IKONl-tztOtTHw6CzQXFwOW8wMQvUucLrsFZurjRbZdO5ApYleG3joUGTTwrc1vv6vrZj~7l0xsb9jp-rPs2F1ZAqr7M7OwvT6uZYQeerXHpKtKk6pgq75kITT0ICIBJ-vqyGmy9qxyOPiEmqVZw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressive_Strength_of_Concrete_by_Using_Jute_Fibers_as_Reinforcement","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"An experimental study of jute fiber concrete for compressive strength of concrete is carried out for making a good building material in terms of reinforcement. Jute fiber is environmental-friendly and economical fiber. The slump value and compressive strength of specimens were carried out for three different fractions of jute fiber contents by volume. The slump value decreased sharply with increase in fiber content. The results of the compression test indicated that the presence of jute fiber tends to reduce the compressive strength of concrete at higher fiber content. Despite the reduction in the compressive strength at higher jute fiber content, there is an improvement of compressive strength at low jute fiber content.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856594,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856594/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0248.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856594/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856594/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0248-libre.pdf?1500026161=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Experimental_Study_to_Check_Compressi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743131219\u0026Signature=EuAi0ruE7UXJNKOySj95~iT5Y~-fHOrP22aSbLTiWd--ALFoysRjuEExgX~SwZxAT7M6sCFo52NrEkN1UdNrGqx9-D0HovBMz--HUkkcZk8Q3NGaFuzrHO6xIPgGQPeyHSoojqeMwFsvye0p0zLPXXOQa-1ZiR2wPQJ2RhLHFjb5vMGcU1zJwi~ZeXXWZH1DE~IKONl-tztOtTHw6CzQXFwOW8wMQvUucLrsFZurjRbZdO5ApYleG3joUGTTwrc1vv6vrZj~7l0xsb9jp-rPs2F1ZAqr7M7OwvT6uZYQeerXHpKtKk6pgq75kITT0ICIBJ-vqyGmy9qxyOPiEmqVZw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880905"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880905/An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_concrete_with_Recycled_Aggregates_and_Synthetic_Fibres_A_Literature_Review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856592/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880905/An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_concrete_with_Recycled_Aggregates_and_Synthetic_Fibres_A_Literature_Review">An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">It had been a common practice in the ancient communities to reuse valuable left over materials, e...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">It had been a common practice in the ancient communities to reuse valuable left over materials, e.g. metals and building materials from deconstruction of previous thing or property. But the " use-and-throwaway " philosophy had led to depletion of natural resources and pollution of world. This paper presents the use of Recycled Coarse Aggregate and Recron 3S in Concrete to be used for general building construction-residential, commercial and industrial. Replacing Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) with Recycled Construction & Demolition (C&D) Waste Aggregate and adding Recron-3S synthetic fibre. Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) replaces NCA by 40% and adding Recron 3S in 0.125% , 0.25% in concrete. The use of RCA from the C & D waste proposes to be a win-win-win situation, as instead of creating big landfill, saving of natural physical topography and reducing the production of Carbon dioxide by half. The aim of this paper is to discuss the use of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) with Recron 3S fibre in construction industry.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="82e2c761a2bd763269618d802c60138f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856592,"asset_id":33880905,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856592/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880905"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880905"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880905; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880905]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880905]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880905; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880905']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "82e2c761a2bd763269618d802c60138f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880905]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880905,"title":"An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"It had been a common practice in the ancient communities to reuse valuable left over materials, e.g. metals and building materials from deconstruction of previous thing or property. But the \" use-and-throwaway \" philosophy had led to depletion of natural resources and pollution of world. This paper presents the use of Recycled Coarse Aggregate and Recron 3S in Concrete to be used for general building construction-residential, commercial and industrial. Replacing Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) with Recycled Construction \u0026 Demolition (C\u0026D) Waste Aggregate and adding Recron-3S synthetic fibre. Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) replaces NCA by 40% and adding Recron 3S in 0.125% , 0.25% in concrete. The use of RCA from the C \u0026 D waste proposes to be a win-win-win situation, as instead of creating big landfill, saving of natural physical topography and reducing the production of Carbon dioxide by half. The aim of this paper is to discuss the use of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) with Recron 3S fibre in construction industry."},"translated_abstract":"It had been a common practice in the ancient communities to reuse valuable left over materials, e.g. metals and building materials from deconstruction of previous thing or property. But the \" use-and-throwaway \" philosophy had led to depletion of natural resources and pollution of world. This paper presents the use of Recycled Coarse Aggregate and Recron 3S in Concrete to be used for general building construction-residential, commercial and industrial. Replacing Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) with Recycled Construction \u0026 Demolition (C\u0026D) Waste Aggregate and adding Recron-3S synthetic fibre. Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) replaces NCA by 40% and adding Recron 3S in 0.125% , 0.25% in concrete. The use of RCA from the C \u0026 D waste proposes to be a win-win-win situation, as instead of creating big landfill, saving of natural physical topography and reducing the production of Carbon dioxide by half. The aim of this paper is to discuss the use of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) with Recron 3S fibre in construction industry.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880905/An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_concrete_with_Recycled_Aggregates_and_Synthetic_Fibres_A_Literature_Review","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:06.693-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717676,"work_id":33880905,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":40782223,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***u@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"M.C Choudhary","title":"An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review"},{"id":29717677,"work_id":33880905,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5971383,"email":"a***a@rediffmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Aggarwal_Vanita@Rediffmail Com","title":"An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review"},{"id":29717678,"work_id":33880905,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":35153127,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***1@gmail.com","display_order":3,"name":"Monica Agarwal","title":"An Experimental study on properties of concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Synthetic Fibres -A Literature Review"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856592,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856592/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0247.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856592/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856592/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0247-libre.pdf?1500026163=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=DtmVzWcDsfnUNW-VzL89mLQ4WQiEbIN60SCgmXzgy5nV83l62iOEZ4pfZcjT~tuo8peAMI4wLUWwEYBhh5p5dDvC2qDYcH70G9EnHhJ-T1gDmbrk5cnRRNssMmv~FyezAKnlhqH2faYkeL47lIP3UELvtMULpAAEVknDw0WahAS~VFsJCM0PVDoxccZeiwu2xZ96NPurkhzqmC3oi0caob-OJczmxowBwSxNcz8igJEXSWaww6dEI6OTEgkPiLBiPfjZIUFhdQgyY999ouZ2S-RvdNJR7tVcmLnin1qdyujRdCfJoWK6Ey1VaEAvgdwlAud9aTNHlcqqQMhXU25KYQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_Experimental_study_on_properties_of_concrete_with_Recycled_Aggregates_and_Synthetic_Fibres_A_Literature_Review","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"It had been a common practice in the ancient communities to reuse valuable left over materials, e.g. metals and building materials from deconstruction of previous thing or property. 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Municipal wastewaters contains dissolved pollutant can therefore contaminate water resources and causes grave water/ environmental problem. In the current study, sorption capacities of Coconut Shell, Corn Cobs, Rice husk and Sugarcane Bagasse were examined for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The percent removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity increases with increase in impregnation ration and temperature. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were employed to the obtained data to check for fitness of the models. The percentage removal for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity for Rice Husk are 89%, 100% and 100%, Sugarcane Bagasse: 89%, 100% and 100%, Coconut Shell: 78%, 97% and 70% and Corn Cobs: 78%, 97% and 63% respectively. A Langmuir and Freundlich model adequately fits the adsorption data with coefficient of determination (R 2) near unity. The present data confirms that activated carbon from Rice Husk, Sugarcane Bagasse, Coconut Shell and Corn Cobs may be used as effective adsorbent for treatment pollutant from aqueous solutions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880904-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880904-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256862/figure-1-chart-showing-percentage-removal-the-study-of-batch"><img alt="Figure 1: Chart showing percentage removal The study of batch adsorption of domestic wastewater using activated carbon (CS, CC, RH and SB) which are activated at a temperature of 500°C were presented above. The effects of impregnation ratio and activation temperature were prominent for the fact that impregnation ratio activation temperature were among the most important parameter which determines the adsorption properties of activated carbon [18]. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256868/figure-2-key-cs-coconut-shell-cc-corn-cobs-rh-rice-husk-sb"><img alt="Key: CS: Coconut shell, CC: Corn Cobs, RH: Rice Husk, SB: sugarcane Bagasse. Various impregnation ratios are indicated by subscripts 1, 1.5 and 2 respectively. Figure 2: Chart showing percentage removal " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256874/figure-3-key-cs-coconut-shell-cc-corn-cobs-rh-rice-husk-sb"><img alt="Key: CS: Coconut shell, CC: Corn Cobs, RH: Rice Husk, SB: sugarcane Bagasse. Various impregnation ratios are indicated by subscripts 1, 1.5 and 2 respectively. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256881/figure-4-langmuir-and-freundlich-models-were-applied-in-this"><img alt="Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied in this study. The various plots obtained with their coefficient of determination (R*) were presented below. Fig.4: Freundlich adsorption isotherm of Coconut Shell activated carbon for COD adsorption in domestic wastewater " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256891/figure-5-the-mechanism-of-adsorption-of-csac-corresponds"><img alt="The mechanism of adsorption of CSAC corresponds with the Freundlich model more than the Langmuir model. The coefficient of correlation was found to 0.9573. Hence, indicating a favorable adsorption. Fig.5: Langmuir adsorption isotherm of Corn cobs activated carbon for COD adsorption in domestic wastewater " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256897/figure-6-langmuir-adsorption-isotherm-of-rice-husk-activated"><img alt="Fig.6: Langmuir adsorption isotherm of Rice Husk activated carbon for COD adsorption in domestic wastewater " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256908/table-2-key-cs-coconut-shell-cc-corn-cobs-rh-rice-husk-sb"><img alt="Key: CS: Coconut shell, CC: Corn Cobs, RH: Rice Husk, SB: sugarcane Bagasse. Various impregnation ratios are indicated by subscripts 1, 1.5 and 2 respectively. Table 2: Characteristics of treated wastewater parameters using Activated Carbon prepared at temperature of 500°C with different impregnation ratios showing percentage removal " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256920/table-1-characteristics-of-domestic-wastewater-before"><img alt="Table 1: Characteristics of domestic wastewater before treatment with activated carbon " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256934/table-3-application-of-activated-carbon-in-the-treatment-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256952/table-4-application-of-activated-carbon-in-the-treatment-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/30256969/table-4-characteristics-of-treated-wastewater-parameters"><img alt="Table 4: Characteristics of treated wastewater parameters using Activated Carbon prepared at temperature of 600°C with different impregnation ratios showing percentage removal Table 4: Characteristics of treated wastewater parameters using Activated Carbon prepared at temperature of 600°C with different impregnation ratios showing percentage removal " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856590/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880904-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8f6cdf398d730a1842371a874972fb19" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856590,"asset_id":33880904,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856590/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880904"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880904"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880904; 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Municipal wastewaters contains dissolved pollutant can therefore contaminate water resources and causes grave water/ environmental problem. In the current study, sorption capacities of Coconut Shell, Corn Cobs, Rice husk and Sugarcane Bagasse were examined for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The percent removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity increases with increase in impregnation ration and temperature. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were employed to the obtained data to check for fitness of the models. The percentage removal for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity for Rice Husk are 89%, 100% and 100%, Sugarcane Bagasse: 89%, 100% and 100%, Coconut Shell: 78%, 97% and 70% and Corn Cobs: 78%, 97% and 63% respectively. A Langmuir and Freundlich model adequately fits the adsorption data with coefficient of determination (R 2) near unity. The present data confirms that activated carbon from Rice Husk, Sugarcane Bagasse, Coconut Shell and Corn Cobs may be used as effective adsorbent for treatment pollutant from aqueous solutions."},"translated_abstract":"The lives of humans and animals are affected straight by the amount of harmful substances in water streams. Municipal wastewaters contains dissolved pollutant can therefore contaminate water resources and causes grave water/ environmental problem. In the current study, sorption capacities of Coconut Shell, Corn Cobs, Rice husk and Sugarcane Bagasse were examined for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The percent removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity increases with increase in impregnation ration and temperature. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were employed to the obtained data to check for fitness of the models. The percentage removal for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity for Rice Husk are 89%, 100% and 100%, Sugarcane Bagasse: 89%, 100% and 100%, Coconut Shell: 78%, 97% and 70% and Corn Cobs: 78%, 97% and 63% respectively. A Langmuir and Freundlich model adequately fits the adsorption data with coefficient of determination (R 2) near unity. The present data confirms that activated carbon from Rice Husk, Sugarcane Bagasse, Coconut Shell and Corn Cobs may be used as effective adsorbent for treatment pollutant from aqueous solutions.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880904/Application_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_Treatment_of_Domestic_Effluent_A_Comparative_Analysis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:06.473-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717673,"work_id":33880904,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":53283660,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***7@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Chhotu Ram","title":"Application of Activated Carbon in the Treatment of Domestic Effluent: A Comparative Analysis"},{"id":29717674,"work_id":33880904,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":36847506,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"k***n@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"kulbir nain","title":"Application of Activated Carbon in the Treatment of Domestic Effluent: A Comparative Analysis"},{"id":29717675,"work_id":33880904,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":43154042,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***9@gmail.com","display_order":3,"name":"sadiq A waziri","title":"Application of Activated Carbon in the Treatment of Domestic Effluent: A Comparative Analysis"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856590,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856590/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0246.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856590/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Application_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_T.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856590/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0246-libre.pdf?1500026164=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DApplication_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_T.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=BYClcIvSyEXnid-gH3XOrIE2IUB6d9dU~t~UKCFvmsAAwzv1Z0JDy6HBxjZTHjBPRNQZDf7zts173UAe5sDXRxb1uuu~pdgJB-FQq7DJOPXPJ-FDJL0Qbv6u02UNYqZnUA3wh5MLSAnJNYJgKcpqQh-BnvIoAI5wIef3rl2Z4TnKZ5M~FEeWEXSW8WnsBOs9~m76-D9Alre6MOUTlCLDUvXLTSKfwCe9T4F0xKIkfZNux7u9E~SjEt8Kl7bhU92h6URPEuae-THOmEBDBphBlAW0wOg5PsJSM9nCIXpRoYviLfGwUT0pj~DQlPZ2joL0wZYE0vAPPoJJmPV-qKradA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Application_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_Treatment_of_Domestic_Effluent_A_Comparative_Analysis","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The lives of humans and animals are affected straight by the amount of harmful substances in water streams. Municipal wastewaters contains dissolved pollutant can therefore contaminate water resources and causes grave water/ environmental problem. In the current study, sorption capacities of Coconut Shell, Corn Cobs, Rice husk and Sugarcane Bagasse were examined for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The percent removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity increases with increase in impregnation ration and temperature. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were employed to the obtained data to check for fitness of the models. The percentage removal for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Turbidity for Rice Husk are 89%, 100% and 100%, Sugarcane Bagasse: 89%, 100% and 100%, Coconut Shell: 78%, 97% and 70% and Corn Cobs: 78%, 97% and 63% respectively. A Langmuir and Freundlich model adequately fits the adsorption data with coefficient of determination (R 2) near unity. The present data confirms that activated carbon from Rice Husk, Sugarcane Bagasse, Coconut Shell and Corn Cobs may be used as effective adsorbent for treatment pollutant from aqueous solutions.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856590,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856590/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0246.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856590/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Application_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_T.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856590/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0246-libre.pdf?1500026164=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DApplication_of_Activated_Carbon_in_the_T.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=BYClcIvSyEXnid-gH3XOrIE2IUB6d9dU~t~UKCFvmsAAwzv1Z0JDy6HBxjZTHjBPRNQZDf7zts173UAe5sDXRxb1uuu~pdgJB-FQq7DJOPXPJ-FDJL0Qbv6u02UNYqZnUA3wh5MLSAnJNYJgKcpqQh-BnvIoAI5wIef3rl2Z4TnKZ5M~FEeWEXSW8WnsBOs9~m76-D9Alre6MOUTlCLDUvXLTSKfwCe9T4F0xKIkfZNux7u9E~SjEt8Kl7bhU92h6URPEuae-THOmEBDBphBlAW0wOg5PsJSM9nCIXpRoYviLfGwUT0pj~DQlPZ2joL0wZYE0vAPPoJJmPV-qKradA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880904-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880903"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880903/Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_Cost_of_a_Rigid_Pavement"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856588/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880903/Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_Cost_of_a_Rigid_Pavement">Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DEEPAKSAINI34">DEEPAK SAINI</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SaurabhGarg16">Saurabh Garg</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">It is generally believed that increase in subgrade strength leads to decrease in the thickness of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">It is generally believed that increase in subgrade strength leads to decrease in the thickness of a rigid pavement which helps in reducing the cost of pavement. The guidelines of Indian Roads Congress (IRC) for the design of rigid pavements also recommend the use of select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade for design of cement concrete pavement for roads having traffic greater than 450 CVPD. An attempt has been made in this paper to study the effect of variation in subgrade strength on thickness and cost of a rigid pavement. It is found that the thickness and cost of pavement may not decrease with an increase in the strength of subgrade soil. The provision of using select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade of the road as recommended by IRC, therefore, needs to be applied carefully.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ee681d833b83305e18fa0a1bfd6f7f04" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856588,"asset_id":33880903,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856588/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880903"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880903"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880903; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880903]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880903]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880903; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880903']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ee681d833b83305e18fa0a1bfd6f7f04" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880903]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880903,"title":"Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"It is generally believed that increase in subgrade strength leads to decrease in the thickness of a rigid pavement which helps in reducing the cost of pavement. The guidelines of Indian Roads Congress (IRC) for the design of rigid pavements also recommend the use of select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade for design of cement concrete pavement for roads having traffic greater than 450 CVPD. An attempt has been made in this paper to study the effect of variation in subgrade strength on thickness and cost of a rigid pavement. It is found that the thickness and cost of pavement may not decrease with an increase in the strength of subgrade soil. The provision of using select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade of the road as recommended by IRC, therefore, needs to be applied carefully.","ai_title_tag":"Impact of Subgrade Strength on Rigid Pavement Cost and Thickness"},"translated_abstract":"It is generally believed that increase in subgrade strength leads to decrease in the thickness of a rigid pavement which helps in reducing the cost of pavement. The guidelines of Indian Roads Congress (IRC) for the design of rigid pavements also recommend the use of select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade for design of cement concrete pavement for roads having traffic greater than 450 CVPD. An attempt has been made in this paper to study the effect of variation in subgrade strength on thickness and cost of a rigid pavement. It is found that the thickness and cost of pavement may not decrease with an increase in the strength of subgrade soil. The provision of using select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade of the road as recommended by IRC, therefore, needs to be applied carefully.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880903/Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_Cost_of_a_Rigid_Pavement","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:06.380-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717671,"work_id":33880903,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":242586728,"co_author_invite_id":6355250,"email":"s***a@yahoo.co.in","display_order":1,"name":"S. Sachdeva","title":"Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement"},{"id":29717672,"work_id":33880903,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":45136373,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***2@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"DEEPAK SAINI","title":"Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement"},{"id":30144755,"work_id":33880903,"tagging_user_id":45136373,"tagged_user_id":29329407,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***6@gmail.com","display_order":4194305,"name":"Saurabh Garg","title":"Effect of Varying Subgrade Strength on Cost of a Rigid Pavement"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856588,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856588/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0245.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856588/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856588/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0245-libre.pdf?1500026161=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=BoBPjvI5C65-zAEiXXZOt11SqdqcY6NERiJuq2rQsC6dQe~0gJ-FK0P8~oP8GuxmYW1mXihq2pshb-SJbX~AKMiOsOWOmv43vZZXYvfw9GsWmZNgZEioQj8tyHJ19tMAmzATkTcPpcYKkElqgFv-BfH1z4O0Ip67wSnu30R3dbT~p9uyDvPN~4TNfXOXe2QpB7kgWKJ6q8SFdwmkOzuCCe6Ksg4pfkhAQT~gcuKO7IMvmFCV9JpwFnm3Dz2L2YlMw1GX4RpOxAsZuaCmeefvkVVdu4LYOVrhuaKYmLspjLzDP~R3XzGTVXJCJbyTWFzjny~qxMiFS1ODnfvVrvxyXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_Cost_of_a_Rigid_Pavement","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"It is generally believed that increase in subgrade strength leads to decrease in the thickness of a rigid pavement which helps in reducing the cost of pavement. The guidelines of Indian Roads Congress (IRC) for the design of rigid pavements also recommend the use of select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade for design of cement concrete pavement for roads having traffic greater than 450 CVPD. An attempt has been made in this paper to study the effect of variation in subgrade strength on thickness and cost of a rigid pavement. It is found that the thickness and cost of pavement may not decrease with an increase in the strength of subgrade soil. The provision of using select soil of minimum CBR 8% in the subgrade of the road as recommended by IRC, therefore, needs to be applied carefully.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856588,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856588/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0245.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856588/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856588/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0245-libre.pdf?1500026161=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Varying_Subgrade_Strength_on_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=BoBPjvI5C65-zAEiXXZOt11SqdqcY6NERiJuq2rQsC6dQe~0gJ-FK0P8~oP8GuxmYW1mXihq2pshb-SJbX~AKMiOsOWOmv43vZZXYvfw9GsWmZNgZEioQj8tyHJ19tMAmzATkTcPpcYKkElqgFv-BfH1z4O0Ip67wSnu30R3dbT~p9uyDvPN~4TNfXOXe2QpB7kgWKJ6q8SFdwmkOzuCCe6Ksg4pfkhAQT~gcuKO7IMvmFCV9JpwFnm3Dz2L2YlMw1GX4RpOxAsZuaCmeefvkVVdu4LYOVrhuaKYmLspjLzDP~R3XzGTVXJCJbyTWFzjny~qxMiFS1ODnfvVrvxyXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880903-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880902"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880902/Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality_through_Index_Method_A_Case_Study_of_Hapur_City_Uttar_Pradesh_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856589/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880902/Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality_through_Index_Method_A_Case_Study_of_Hapur_City_Uttar_Pradesh_India">Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Ground...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Groundwater samples were collected from 20 shallow wells and analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated to show the overall water quality status in a single term. The results of this study revealed that the concentration of alkalinity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, nitrate, fluoride and chlorides is higher than the permissible limits as prescribed by the Bureau of Indian standards. The WQI for all samples were found in the range of 12 to 211.This study indicates that the drinking water of the city do not conform to the recommended standards and hence it is suggested to take rational steps to manage water quality in this region before it becomes a crisis, as this will affect the economy and will also lead to various water-borne diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="16d4e0b36f2260aa4263c9bd46eebf2e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856589,"asset_id":33880902,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856589/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880902"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880902"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880902; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880902]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880902]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880902; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880902']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "16d4e0b36f2260aa4263c9bd46eebf2e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880902]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880902,"title":"Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Groundwater samples were collected from 20 shallow wells and analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated to show the overall water quality status in a single term. The results of this study revealed that the concentration of alkalinity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, nitrate, fluoride and chlorides is higher than the permissible limits as prescribed by the Bureau of Indian standards. The WQI for all samples were found in the range of 12 to 211.This study indicates that the drinking water of the city do not conform to the recommended standards and hence it is suggested to take rational steps to manage water quality in this region before it becomes a crisis, as this will affect the economy and will also lead to various water-borne diseases."},"translated_abstract":"The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Groundwater samples were collected from 20 shallow wells and analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated to show the overall water quality status in a single term. The results of this study revealed that the concentration of alkalinity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, nitrate, fluoride and chlorides is higher than the permissible limits as prescribed by the Bureau of Indian standards. The WQI for all samples were found in the range of 12 to 211.This study indicates that the drinking water of the city do not conform to the recommended standards and hence it is suggested to take rational steps to manage water quality in this region before it becomes a crisis, as this will affect the economy and will also lead to various water-borne diseases.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880902/Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality_through_Index_Method_A_Case_Study_of_Hapur_City_Uttar_Pradesh_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:06.217-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717664,"work_id":33880902,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":40418469,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@mmumullana.org","affiliation":"Maharishi Markandeshwar University","display_order":1,"name":"Chadetrik Rout","title":"Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India"},{"id":29717665,"work_id":33880902,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":42476077,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Chadetrik Rout","title":"Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India"},{"id":29717666,"work_id":33880902,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5971383,"email":"a***a@rediffmail.com","display_order":3,"name":"Aggarwal_Vanita@Rediffmail Com","title":"Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India"},{"id":29717667,"work_id":33880902,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429182,"email":"m***u@rediffmail.com","display_order":4,"name":"Deoria Parishad","title":"Qualitative Assessment of Water Quality through Index Method: A Case Study of Hapur City, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856589,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856589/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0244.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856589/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856589/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0244-libre.pdf?1500026163=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=K4nolhZiaaIGkUgKPNId9bOFGEuGtVECm3P9Q1XZEFHVhlZV3mvxUoN8PIf-gDWXxYD5wGhbkTfBT8de0LHUmti-RebaHpX5tpSUaUv644w5t1xeRYtkjlQXXD-JOLAXSGkJ-BKpwbLV27XTdHWyiZ4BnNRWWFvnLMR21IFT~JNNQIpiOUrHgPXiUkYsMKt-e1MA7de9orkDTAA1w2sAtMsXOPtvAY8Y~hn8ihGh8ESi~HdG09ItsaptJFIIUDFxLp5DO2zaHWqdJ26YC6cBwlu7wOVkhmpGhfPnYijtx1hH7jxKUYEyO5xSU6uS1qMVSykyL0W3nCjVhb5f~-jMkw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality_through_Index_Method_A_Case_Study_of_Hapur_City_Uttar_Pradesh_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Groundwater samples were collected from 20 shallow wells and analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated to show the overall water quality status in a single term. The results of this study revealed that the concentration of alkalinity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, nitrate, fluoride and chlorides is higher than the permissible limits as prescribed by the Bureau of Indian standards. The WQI for all samples were found in the range of 12 to 211.This study indicates that the drinking water of the city do not conform to the recommended standards and hence it is suggested to take rational steps to manage water quality in this region before it becomes a crisis, as this will affect the economy and will also lead to various water-borne diseases.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856589,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856589/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0244.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856589/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Qualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856589/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0244-libre.pdf?1500026163=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQualitative_Assessment_of_Water_Quality.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=K4nolhZiaaIGkUgKPNId9bOFGEuGtVECm3P9Q1XZEFHVhlZV3mvxUoN8PIf-gDWXxYD5wGhbkTfBT8de0LHUmti-RebaHpX5tpSUaUv644w5t1xeRYtkjlQXXD-JOLAXSGkJ-BKpwbLV27XTdHWyiZ4BnNRWWFvnLMR21IFT~JNNQIpiOUrHgPXiUkYsMKt-e1MA7de9orkDTAA1w2sAtMsXOPtvAY8Y~hn8ihGh8ESi~HdG09ItsaptJFIIUDFxLp5DO2zaHWqdJ26YC6cBwlu7wOVkhmpGhfPnYijtx1hH7jxKUYEyO5xSU6uS1qMVSykyL0W3nCjVhb5f~-jMkw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"},{"id":2549,"name":"Hydrology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrology"},{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880902-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880901"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880901/Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Tall_Buildings"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Corner Configuration on Wind Pressure Distribution on Tall Buildings" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856591/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880901/Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Tall_Buildings">Effect of Corner Configuration on Wind Pressure Distribution on Tall Buildings</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Tall buildings have been traditionally designed to be symmetric rectangular, square, triangular a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Tall buildings have been traditionally designed to be symmetric rectangular, square, triangular as well as circular in plan, in order to avoid excessive seismic-induced torsional vibrations due to eccentricity, in seismic-prone and highly wind induced regions. But, due to architectural and structural requirements, complicated tall and slender buildings with various corner configuration and cross-sectional shapes are emerged now a day, which are difficult to design using the existing wind load standards only. The principal aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chamfered edged configuration on wind pressure distribution on tall buildings experimentally using open circuit wind tunnel. The test is conducted under a mean wind velocity profile of approaching flow 9.61m/sec. A total of 2 rigid Perspex sheet models of equal height are prepared at scale of 1:100, for this study, one with rectangular cross-section and another with chamfered vertical edges. Wind pressure values at many pressure points on the model wall surfaces are measured and wind pressure coefficients are calculated under varying wind incidence angles from 0 0 to 90 0 for rectangular shape and from 0 0 to 180 0 for chamfered edges at 30 0 interval. The surface and cross sectional variations of mean pressure coefficient are presented in this paper. From this study, it is observed that chamfering vertical edges and wind incidence angle have great effect in altering wind load magnitude.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880901-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880901-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292040/figure-1-the-prototype-principal-tall-building-is-assumed-to"><img alt="The prototype principal tall building is assumed to have 50m height and 20m*30m plan dimension. The chamfered model is prepared by chamfering vertically the longer side of rectangular building. The models are made of Perspex sheet at a scale of 1:100. The cross-sectional dimension of models are given in “’mm7’’ in the following figure. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292043/figure-2-rectangular-model-with-sharp-orner"><img alt="4.1, Rectangular Model with Sharp C orner " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292046/figure-3-effect-of-corner-conuration-on-wind-pressure"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292052/figure-4-mean-pressure-coefficients-cp-on-faces-to-of"><img alt="Figure 4; Mean pressure coefficients, Cp on faces A to D of rectangular model Figure 5: Variation of pressure coefficients, Cp at section 50mm (a), 250mm (b) and 490mm(c) from top of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292055/figure-5-edges-face-is-subjected-to-varying-suction-with"><img alt="edges. Face-D is subjected to varying suction with minimum Cp of -1.0 at the top nearest edge. Face-A is subjected to pressure and suctions at furthest edges whereas face-B, face-C and Face —D are all subjected to suction. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292058/figure-6-subjected-to-maximum-pressure-cp-of-at-top-edge"><img alt="subjected to a maximum pressure Cp of 0.78 at top edge. Face-C is subjected to maximum suction near to bottom edge. Face-D is subjected to minimum Cp of - At 60° wind incidence angle (Fig.6), face-A is subjected to varying pressure with maximum Cp o! 0.2 around center edges. Leeward surface (face-B) i: " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292061/figure-7-effect-of-corner-conuration-on-wind-pressure"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292063/figure-8-mean-pressure-coefficients-cp-on-faces-to-of"><img alt="Figure 8: Mean pressure coefficients, Cp on faces A to D of rectangular model Figure 9: Variation of pressure coefficients, Cp at section 50mm (a), 250mm (b) and 490mm(c) from top of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292069/figure-10-rectangular-model-with-vertically-chamfered-edge"><img alt="4,2. Rectangular model with vertically chamfered edge (75*75) mm Figure 10: Mean pressure coefficients, Cp on faces A to D of chamfered edged model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292073/figure-11-variation-of-pressure-coefficients-cp-at-section"><img alt="Figure 11; Variation of pressure coefficients, Cp at section 50mm (a), 250mm (b) and 490mm(c) from top of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292078/figure-11-effect-of-corner-conuration-on-wind-pressure"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292084/figure-12-mean-pressure-coefficients-cp-on-faces-to-of"><img alt="Figure 12: Mean pressure coefficients, Cp on faces A to D of chamfered edged model Figure 13: Variation of pressure coefficients, Cp at section 50mm (a), 250mm (b) and 490mm(c) from top of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292089/figure-14-mean-pressure-coefficients-cp-on-faces-to-of"><img alt="Figure 14: Mean pressure coefficients, Cp on faces A to D of chamfered edged model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292090/figure-15-variation-of-pressure-coefficients-cp-at-section"><img alt="Figure 15: Variation of pressure coefficients, Cp at section 50mm (a), 250mm (b) and 490mm(c) from top of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292091/figure16-16-variation-of-maximum-and-minimum-cp"><img alt="Figure16: Variation of maximum and minimum Cp " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292092/table-2-values-of-total-mean-pressure-coefficients-on-the"><img alt="Table 2: Values of total mean pressure coefficients on the walls of the two models " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12292095/table-1-experimental-analysis-and-results-pressure-points-on"><img alt="4, Experimental Analysis and Results Table 1: Pressure points on wall surfaces of model " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856591/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880901-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8ec0e661f3a47d66705a377761b323ad" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856591,"asset_id":33880901,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856591/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880901"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880901"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880901; 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But, due to architectural and structural requirements, complicated tall and slender buildings with various corner configuration and cross-sectional shapes are emerged now a day, which are difficult to design using the existing wind load standards only. The principal aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chamfered edged configuration on wind pressure distribution on tall buildings experimentally using open circuit wind tunnel. The test is conducted under a mean wind velocity profile of approaching flow 9.61m/sec. A total of 2 rigid Perspex sheet models of equal height are prepared at scale of 1:100, for this study, one with rectangular cross-section and another with chamfered vertical edges. Wind pressure values at many pressure points on the model wall surfaces are measured and wind pressure coefficients are calculated under varying wind incidence angles from 0 0 to 90 0 for rectangular shape and from 0 0 to 180 0 for chamfered edges at 30 0 interval. The surface and cross sectional variations of mean pressure coefficient are presented in this paper. From this study, it is observed that chamfering vertical edges and wind incidence angle have great effect in altering wind load magnitude."},"translated_abstract":"Tall buildings have been traditionally designed to be symmetric rectangular, square, triangular as well as circular in plan, in order to avoid excessive seismic-induced torsional vibrations due to eccentricity, in seismic-prone and highly wind induced regions. But, due to architectural and structural requirements, complicated tall and slender buildings with various corner configuration and cross-sectional shapes are emerged now a day, which are difficult to design using the existing wind load standards only. The principal aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chamfered edged configuration on wind pressure distribution on tall buildings experimentally using open circuit wind tunnel. The test is conducted under a mean wind velocity profile of approaching flow 9.61m/sec. A total of 2 rigid Perspex sheet models of equal height are prepared at scale of 1:100, for this study, one with rectangular cross-section and another with chamfered vertical edges. Wind pressure values at many pressure points on the model wall surfaces are measured and wind pressure coefficients are calculated under varying wind incidence angles from 0 0 to 90 0 for rectangular shape and from 0 0 to 180 0 for chamfered edges at 30 0 interval. The surface and cross sectional variations of mean pressure coefficient are presented in this paper. From this study, it is observed that chamfering vertical edges and wind incidence angle have great effect in altering wind load magnitude.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880901/Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Tall_Buildings","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:06.052-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717663,"work_id":33880901,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429181,"email":"a***k@incois.gov.in","display_order":1,"name":"And Ashok","title":"Effect of Corner Configuration on Wind Pressure Distribution on Tall Buildings"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856591,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856591/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0243.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856591/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_P.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856591/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0243-libre.pdf?1500026170=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=HRjBYfnvsCe09dq6Hb592-mjtT5sw8yVySGICZ0PpyNz0tgS5eR5PaQPbabhym-VVvRz6jTykFFXo1zBRHXMccbjEIV~eeA3X3cnJoA4vYX17avzklG4nj6w1KT0fjbw3-5ipIpD2bMkxkpYDooo~UfeGz2Rq7Kk6Vmr9dJF1gMAXK1T3YJ8RzWEVCNkFNwe35tXP3R2nilAO91~ScQaeeG8DbJG~fPqTOTK8PABtObNE~zlrFrSV47yGVek1FvOQqsqBk0kCY88RL~IW0COzcVMPHeqX6mi~9ZgQoZfJodzqKNlvBhYyJVBINloynLo5~9yCMhlAA71E3tZ9J2dsA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Tall_Buildings","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Tall buildings have been traditionally designed to be symmetric rectangular, square, triangular as well as circular in plan, in order to avoid excessive seismic-induced torsional vibrations due to eccentricity, in seismic-prone and highly wind induced regions. But, due to architectural and structural requirements, complicated tall and slender buildings with various corner configuration and cross-sectional shapes are emerged now a day, which are difficult to design using the existing wind load standards only. The principal aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chamfered edged configuration on wind pressure distribution on tall buildings experimentally using open circuit wind tunnel. The test is conducted under a mean wind velocity profile of approaching flow 9.61m/sec. A total of 2 rigid Perspex sheet models of equal height are prepared at scale of 1:100, for this study, one with rectangular cross-section and another with chamfered vertical edges. Wind pressure values at many pressure points on the model wall surfaces are measured and wind pressure coefficients are calculated under varying wind incidence angles from 0 0 to 90 0 for rectangular shape and from 0 0 to 180 0 for chamfered edges at 30 0 interval. The surface and cross sectional variations of mean pressure coefficient are presented in this paper. From this study, it is observed that chamfering vertical edges and wind incidence angle have great effect in altering wind load magnitude.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856591,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856591/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0243.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856591/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_P.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856591/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0243-libre.pdf?1500026170=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Corner_Configuration_on_Wind_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=HRjBYfnvsCe09dq6Hb592-mjtT5sw8yVySGICZ0PpyNz0tgS5eR5PaQPbabhym-VVvRz6jTykFFXo1zBRHXMccbjEIV~eeA3X3cnJoA4vYX17avzklG4nj6w1KT0fjbw3-5ipIpD2bMkxkpYDooo~UfeGz2Rq7Kk6Vmr9dJF1gMAXK1T3YJ8RzWEVCNkFNwe35tXP3R2nilAO91~ScQaeeG8DbJG~fPqTOTK8PABtObNE~zlrFrSV47yGVek1FvOQqsqBk0kCY88RL~IW0COzcVMPHeqX6mi~9ZgQoZfJodzqKNlvBhYyJVBINloynLo5~9yCMhlAA71E3tZ9J2dsA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880901-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880900"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880900/Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light_Roof"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856587/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880900/Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light_Roof">Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://iitr.academia.edu/GudetaKonkone">Gudeta Konkone</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Industrial buildings are generally provided with sloping roofs with the provision of the entry of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Industrial buildings are generally provided with sloping roofs with the provision of the entry of natural light through it. Sky light roof is one of such roofs. The information available in the literature regarding wind pressure distribution on sky light roof is limited. An effort has, therefore, been made to carry out an experimental study on the model of low-rise building with Sky light roof in order to generate more information about wind pressure distribution on it. Inflexible model of the rectangular plan low-rise building is made of Perspex sheet. It is provided with many pressure points on the upper surface of the roof. The model is tested in an open circuit boundary layer wind tunnel to measure values of wind pressures at all pressure points. Wind is made to hit the model at seven wind frequency edges from 0° to 90° at an interim of 15°. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients are evaluated from the measured values of wind pressures and contours are plotted. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients obtained experimentally are also compared with those available in the literature.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880900-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880900-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083062/figure-1-model-of-the-building-with-the-sky-light-roof-is"><img alt="Model of the building with the sky light roof is tested in open circuit wind tunnel at IIT in the Roorkee Department of Civil Engineering with cross sectional dimension of 2m*2m and test section length of 15m. Figures 1 and 2 show the velocity and turbulence intensity profile respectively measured at the downstream and of the test segment inside the wind tunnel. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083071/figure-3-sky-light-roofs-model-plan-and-isometric-views-and"><img alt="Fig. 3 Sky light roofs model plan and isometric views and dimension of the model in mm " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083081/figure-3-wind-pressure-distribution-on-sky-light-roof"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083091/figure-4-wind-directions-and-pressure-points-on-the-roof"><img alt="Fig. 4 Wind directions and pressure points on the roof surface " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083105/figure-5-photo-sky-light-model-tested-in-wind-tunnel"><img alt="Photo 1: Sky light model tested in wind tunnel " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083113/figure-5-the-values-of-men-wind-pressure-coefficients"><img alt="The values of men wind pressure coefficients obtained on Face-A, Face-B, Face-C and Face-C of the model under seven wind incidence angles are shown and the pressure distribution on the surface of model is plotted in Figs. 5 to 8. It is seen that from Fig. 5 Mean wind pressure on the surface of the roofs for 0° & 15° angle of wind incidence " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083131/figure-6-mean-wind-pressure-on-the-surface-of-the-roofs-for"><img alt="Fig. 6 Mean wind pressure on the surface of the roofs for 30° & 45° angle of wind incidence " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083140/figure-7-mean-wind-pressure-on-the-surface-of-the-roofs-for"><img alt="Fig. 7 Mean wind pressure on the surface of the roofs for 60° & 75° angle of wind incidence " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083150/figure-8-mean-wind-pressure-at-angle-of-wind-incidence"><img alt="Fig. 8 Mean wind pressure at 90° angle of wind incidence " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083157/table-1-show-the-maximum-and-minimum-values-of-pressure"><img alt="Table 1 show the maximum and minimum values of pressure coefficients which are observed on the roof surface. Average values obtained in the experimental study are also compared with the similar values given in I.S. code for the use of the designers in Table 2. Although no mention is found in the code, it is expected that codal values are average values over the entire roof surface. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083166/figure-10-cross-sectional-variation-of-wind-incidence-angle"><img alt="Fig. 10 Cross-sectional variation of 90° wind incidence angle " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11083176/table-1-wind-pressure-distribution-on-sky-light-roof"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856587/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880900-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="70b4ad37030aa39dc9aecbb934c1d0bb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856587,"asset_id":33880900,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856587/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880900"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880900"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880900; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880900]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880900]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880900; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880900']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "70b4ad37030aa39dc9aecbb934c1d0bb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880900]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880900,"title":"Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Industrial buildings are generally provided with sloping roofs with the provision of the entry of natural light through it. Sky light roof is one of such roofs. The information available in the literature regarding wind pressure distribution on sky light roof is limited. An effort has, therefore, been made to carry out an experimental study on the model of low-rise building with Sky light roof in order to generate more information about wind pressure distribution on it. Inflexible model of the rectangular plan low-rise building is made of Perspex sheet. It is provided with many pressure points on the upper surface of the roof. The model is tested in an open circuit boundary layer wind tunnel to measure values of wind pressures at all pressure points. Wind is made to hit the model at seven wind frequency edges from 0° to 90° at an interim of 15°. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients are evaluated from the measured values of wind pressures and contours are plotted. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients obtained experimentally are also compared with those available in the literature."},"translated_abstract":"Industrial buildings are generally provided with sloping roofs with the provision of the entry of natural light through it. Sky light roof is one of such roofs. The information available in the literature regarding wind pressure distribution on sky light roof is limited. An effort has, therefore, been made to carry out an experimental study on the model of low-rise building with Sky light roof in order to generate more information about wind pressure distribution on it. Inflexible model of the rectangular plan low-rise building is made of Perspex sheet. It is provided with many pressure points on the upper surface of the roof. The model is tested in an open circuit boundary layer wind tunnel to measure values of wind pressures at all pressure points. Wind is made to hit the model at seven wind frequency edges from 0° to 90° at an interim of 15°. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients are evaluated from the measured values of wind pressures and contours are plotted. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients obtained experimentally are also compared with those available in the literature.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880900/Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light_Roof","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:05.828-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717660,"work_id":33880900,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429179,"email":"a***8@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Ashok Kumar","title":"Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof"},{"id":29717661,"work_id":33880900,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":39807039,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***3@gmail.com","affiliation":"IIT Roorkee","display_order":2,"name":"Gudeta Konkone","title":"Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof"},{"id":29717662,"work_id":33880900,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429180,"email":"a***k@gmail.com","display_order":3,"name":"A. Ahuja","title":"Wind Pressure Distribution on Sky Light Roof"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856587,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856587/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0242.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856587/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856587/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0242-libre.pdf?1500026167=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229064\u0026Signature=XzeYKhGqKFZl0~W9pLlixpDahSo8LTpXzkBo-MzzpErcjvjG0y2psDhFh4c2RSWTKIkHhBVEzjf-AEHOAX1HFADirBrptzgit3wCWgegnXOodaTQAbT4Lt7WJWDshF58wFSZppQSvODOp2f49qW4T9dixy5FdkyXNifc2xRmjOOW5p4UTELRlNW13Xp5TlcHIlSH3gR7Fw1bxom7VMvBvflPLQlQoJw1gO9hr6sJMmXn5IieXWtobSEBeuTADGiRNSnjG-d-Apw1umv3Apf2pZieLZb1oz4LzLPv5Fh7UxF3zPbDGV3thUfgP5xOkd3Z8N8n1F2oABVX4b21P2-SSg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light_Roof","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Industrial buildings are generally provided with sloping roofs with the provision of the entry of natural light through it. Sky light roof is one of such roofs. The information available in the literature regarding wind pressure distribution on sky light roof is limited. An effort has, therefore, been made to carry out an experimental study on the model of low-rise building with Sky light roof in order to generate more information about wind pressure distribution on it. Inflexible model of the rectangular plan low-rise building is made of Perspex sheet. It is provided with many pressure points on the upper surface of the roof. The model is tested in an open circuit boundary layer wind tunnel to measure values of wind pressures at all pressure points. Wind is made to hit the model at seven wind frequency edges from 0° to 90° at an interim of 15°. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients are evaluated from the measured values of wind pressures and contours are plotted. Values of mean wind pressure coefficients obtained experimentally are also compared with those available in the literature.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856587,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856587/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0242.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856587/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Wind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856587/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0242-libre.pdf?1500026167=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWind_Pressure_Distribution_on_Sky_Light.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=bZLfkU-xC3S6ACtnvPhA8lLZ1QLOzUI66NNk5FhWm7mNeczd3JNcCHYzDAyhfcJVdTpjd3htXVb7zF-5yNffksHRmMsFYYPCXEQkXM67vbNC~-gOa4mlZMkbOEaUXFs6yTUfaN2-U-Q-0dc1dEQuXQXumzCTIPyAMf-7yaCf7JBSUAbLHfCelYDesFewJgaX7iwz5KCnZKnpn2JElqEuTi5wT0UU4vwUIuZ90zqu21tpuSX3lTgx9D~uhMqQ0OAbN3jctWvRMLVT0oj3h11nfocWW0rdOGr4QwyxoTfMsSKZlqLP481a4ICMSq9EOUdUoKjBwwk6v7JcxbZW7i9drA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":1336,"name":"Structural Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structural_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880900-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880899"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880899/Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their_Influence_on_Mobility_of_Copper"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Study of Soil Characteristics & Their Influence on Mobility of Copper" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856583/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880899/Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their_Influence_on_Mobility_of_Copper">Study of Soil Characteristics & Their Influence on Mobility of Copper</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JyotiRani40">Jyoti Rani</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Soil is a major reservoir for contaminants as it possesses an ability to bind various chemicals. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Soil is a major reservoir for contaminants as it possesses an ability to bind various chemicals. Pollution with toxic heavy metals is a serious concern because once these heavy metals enter the soil they can persist for a long time. In present investigation, the basic soil characteristics of three different soil samples are studied to understand the transport of heavy metal Copper through vertical diffusion and their by plotting breakthrough curves at different depths. The results indicate that the diffusion of Copper at different depths of soil columns is time dependent and increases with the depth of soils. The results of the study are highly useful in designing of the abatement techniques adopted for removal of containments or impurities especially focusing on inorganic pollutants, managing effluent disposals producing from industries processing heavy metals, prediction of heavy metal movement in soils and finally their way to groundwater.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="346699049c22c571726e2aacf6bbce1e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856583,"asset_id":33880899,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856583/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880899"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880899"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880899; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880899]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880899]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880899; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880899']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "346699049c22c571726e2aacf6bbce1e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880899]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880899,"title":"Study of Soil Characteristics \u0026 Their Influence on Mobility of Copper","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Soil is a major reservoir for contaminants as it possesses an ability to bind various chemicals. Pollution with toxic heavy metals is a serious concern because once these heavy metals enter the soil they can persist for a long time. In present investigation, the basic soil characteristics of three different soil samples are studied to understand the transport of heavy metal Copper through vertical diffusion and their by plotting breakthrough curves at different depths. The results indicate that the diffusion of Copper at different depths of soil columns is time dependent and increases with the depth of soils. The results of the study are highly useful in designing of the abatement techniques adopted for removal of containments or impurities especially focusing on inorganic pollutants, managing effluent disposals producing from industries processing heavy metals, prediction of heavy metal movement in soils and finally their way to groundwater.","ai_title_tag":"Soil Properties Affecting Copper Mobility"},"translated_abstract":"Soil is a major reservoir for contaminants as it possesses an ability to bind various chemicals. Pollution with toxic heavy metals is a serious concern because once these heavy metals enter the soil they can persist for a long time. In present investigation, the basic soil characteristics of three different soil samples are studied to understand the transport of heavy metal Copper through vertical diffusion and their by plotting breakthrough curves at different depths. The results indicate that the diffusion of Copper at different depths of soil columns is time dependent and increases with the depth of soils. The results of the study are highly useful in designing of the abatement techniques adopted for removal of containments or impurities especially focusing on inorganic pollutants, managing effluent disposals producing from industries processing heavy metals, prediction of heavy metal movement in soils and finally their way to groundwater.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880899/Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their_Influence_on_Mobility_of_Copper","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:05.677-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717659,"work_id":33880899,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":66449602,"co_author_invite_id":6429178,"email":"j***1@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Jyoti Rani","title":"Study of Soil Characteristics \u0026 Their Influence on Mobility of Copper"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856583,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856583/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0241.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856583/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856583/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0241-libre.pdf?1500026167=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStudy_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=dxZE~sQOWziqAoZIFFh3V94Cf6k26uWVKTD0bVSshBx4vgtzVdhjZsVOg7MUlZr0nQcM4MjCTt3og6rfD6KaF-ol64tfMnMHnJRqFSD4rHBlEdqdgnB6naIA7s0kWFlb1gzpQTxopLVIBuGnyAKjtYJ8cxfrlSxFfqF3PVZrK4bRpV-2c5DG5oCOEHwqXadn1EFXN9guhJwdAgQB3xTq7ChWzhDn3Yeglzeh6EzE1l9tb7gx3bvSbJKdTa9qJRaZUFvR82PEWi4OZ63y~KvwD7vxH69Dqp0zry00-Zy2ndssdhpUk9bDTpHWpkOORn7FaxIIwkJBUrUtDaLNEtDZ2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their_Influence_on_Mobility_of_Copper","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Soil is a major reservoir for contaminants as it possesses an ability to bind various chemicals. Pollution with toxic heavy metals is a serious concern because once these heavy metals enter the soil they can persist for a long time. In present investigation, the basic soil characteristics of three different soil samples are studied to understand the transport of heavy metal Copper through vertical diffusion and their by plotting breakthrough curves at different depths. The results indicate that the diffusion of Copper at different depths of soil columns is time dependent and increases with the depth of soils. The results of the study are highly useful in designing of the abatement techniques adopted for removal of containments or impurities especially focusing on inorganic pollutants, managing effluent disposals producing from industries processing heavy metals, prediction of heavy metal movement in soils and finally their way to groundwater.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856583,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856583/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0241.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856583/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Study_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856583/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0241-libre.pdf?1500026167=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStudy_of_Soil_Characteristics_and_Their.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=dxZE~sQOWziqAoZIFFh3V94Cf6k26uWVKTD0bVSshBx4vgtzVdhjZsVOg7MUlZr0nQcM4MjCTt3og6rfD6KaF-ol64tfMnMHnJRqFSD4rHBlEdqdgnB6naIA7s0kWFlb1gzpQTxopLVIBuGnyAKjtYJ8cxfrlSxFfqF3PVZrK4bRpV-2c5DG5oCOEHwqXadn1EFXN9guhJwdAgQB3xTq7ChWzhDn3Yeglzeh6EzE1l9tb7gx3bvSbJKdTa9qJRaZUFvR82PEWi4OZ63y~KvwD7vxH69Dqp0zry00-Zy2ndssdhpUk9bDTpHWpkOORn7FaxIIwkJBUrUtDaLNEtDZ2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"},{"id":421,"name":"Soil Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Science"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880899-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880897"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880897/Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study_of_River_Yamuna"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Water Quality: A Case Study of River Yamuna" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856586/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880897/Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study_of_River_Yamuna">Assessment of Water Quality: A Case Study of River Yamuna</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla">EditorIJEE RajuAedla</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://mmumullana.academia.edu/ChadetrikRout">Chadetrik Rout</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">According to the Hindu mythology, river Yamuna is considered as one of the most sacred rivers aft...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">According to the Hindu mythology, river Yamuna is considered as one of the most sacred rivers after the Ganges. In this study water quality of the river Yamuna was assessed at four different sampling locations during the months of May to August 2014. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO42-were analyzed and the observed results were compared with the standard limits of BIS and WHO. The mean pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO 4 2-values at the four sampling sites were observed in the range of 7.81-8.00, 1046.5-1195.3 µS/cm, 27.0-37.3 NTU, 856.5-936.0 mg/l, 4.5-5.2 mg/l, 19.3-25.8 mg/l, 58.0-85.0 mg/l, 242.5-267.0 mg/l and 97.75-114.0 mg/l respectively. The results on the water quality parameters of Yamuna river indicate that the river is not safe for domestic purposes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880897-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880897-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386603/figure-3-ph-values-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling-locations"><img alt="Figure 3.1: pH values of river Yamuna at sampling locations Figure 3.2: Average pH values of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386617/figure-2-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386631/figure-3-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386639/figure-4-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386646/figure-3-ec-values-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling-locations"><img alt="Figure 3.3: EC values of river Yamuna at sampling locations Figure 3.4: Average EC values of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386654/figure-3-turbidity-content-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling"><img alt="Figure 3.5: Turbidity content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386664/figure-3-tds-content-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling-locations"><img alt="Figure 3.7: TDS content of river Yamuna at sampling locations Figure 3.8: Average TDS content of river Yamuna a sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386671/figure-3-average-turbidity-content-of-river-yamuna-at"><img alt="Figure 3.6: Average turbidity content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386678/figure-9-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386686/figure-3-dissolved-oxygen-content-of-river-yamuna-at"><img alt="Figure 3.9: Dissolved oxygen content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386689/figure-3-bod-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling-locations-average"><img alt="Figure 3.11: BOD of river Yamuna at sampling locations Figure 3.12: Average BOD of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386698/figure-3-average-dissolved-oxygen-content-of-river-yamuna-at"><img alt="Figure 3.10: Average dissolved oxygen content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386702/figure-13-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386706/figure-3-chloride-content-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling"><img alt="Figure 3.15: Chloride content of river Yamuna at sampling locations Figure 3.16: Average chloride content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386711/figure-3-average-cod-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling-locations"><img alt="Figure 3.14: Average COD of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386714/figure-3-cod-ofriver-yamuna-at-sampling-locations"><img alt="Figure 3.13: COD ofriver Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386722/figure-17-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386727/figure-4-sampling-station-near-chhota-bridge-sampling"><img alt="Figure 4: Sampling Station-1 Near Chhota Bridge Figure 5: Sampling Station-2 Near O.P. Jindal Park " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386733/figure-3-average-sulphate-content-of-river-yamuna-at"><img alt="Figure 3.18: Average sulphate content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386735/figure-20-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386737/figure-3-sulphate-content-of-river-yamuna-at-sampling"><img alt="Figure 3.17: Sulphate content of river Yamuna at sampling locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386740/figure-6-sampling-station-near-railway-bridge-sampling"><img alt="Figure 6: Sampling Station-3 Near Railway Bridge Figure 7: Sampling Station-4 Near Old Hamida Barrage " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12386746/figure-23-assessment-of-water-quality-case-study-of-river"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856586/figure_023.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880897-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="76fcec298a67778871ae525721b7f42e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856586,"asset_id":33880897,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856586/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880897"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880897"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880897; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880897]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880897]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880897; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880897']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "76fcec298a67778871ae525721b7f42e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880897]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880897,"title":"Assessment of Water Quality: A Case Study of River Yamuna","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"According to the Hindu mythology, river Yamuna is considered as one of the most sacred rivers after the Ganges. In this study water quality of the river Yamuna was assessed at four different sampling locations during the months of May to August 2014. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO42-were analyzed and the observed results were compared with the standard limits of BIS and WHO. The mean pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO 4 2-values at the four sampling sites were observed in the range of 7.81-8.00, 1046.5-1195.3 µS/cm, 27.0-37.3 NTU, 856.5-936.0 mg/l, 4.5-5.2 mg/l, 19.3-25.8 mg/l, 58.0-85.0 mg/l, 242.5-267.0 mg/l and 97.75-114.0 mg/l respectively. The results on the water quality parameters of Yamuna river indicate that the river is not safe for domestic purposes."},"translated_abstract":"According to the Hindu mythology, river Yamuna is considered as one of the most sacred rivers after the Ganges. In this study water quality of the river Yamuna was assessed at four different sampling locations during the months of May to August 2014. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO42-were analyzed and the observed results were compared with the standard limits of BIS and WHO. The mean pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO 4 2-values at the four sampling sites were observed in the range of 7.81-8.00, 1046.5-1195.3 µS/cm, 27.0-37.3 NTU, 856.5-936.0 mg/l, 4.5-5.2 mg/l, 19.3-25.8 mg/l, 58.0-85.0 mg/l, 242.5-267.0 mg/l and 97.75-114.0 mg/l respectively. The results on the water quality parameters of Yamuna river indicate that the river is not safe for domestic purposes.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880897/Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study_of_River_Yamuna","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:05.341-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717658,"work_id":33880897,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":40418469,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@mmumullana.org","affiliation":"Maharishi Markandeshwar University","display_order":1,"name":"Chadetrik Rout","title":"Assessment of Water Quality: A Case Study of River Yamuna"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856586,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856586/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0239.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856586/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856586/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0239-libre.pdf?1500026168=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=JbQaTbkraF2ecr0RbUu5n0uvZXnB4BJeNP4lCyxkBRh2DReZLHnRARpvK8wsG6hFILKFIRCHI6k~TUGmXCAvCA-5g4GDFJyUX89cIwScOyxB8JFDgGadoY6~2G~YMOxqG5kmNwh7AdsUi3SBBD-0ObWpdQ6c~REbPtOg1R4M2f5nzn5cNZO6fu1Gty2inDs09n0TDqumrYoufVEsyWjXUFczORJJGMQmaQveFtHihLmghNMS78K7DKXQg~OaZ6Ld1pXnuUnptiz2Qdo83wBuoAJuuFUpJR23FgO9sto1nK6Z-vB5A5pMevU-c~lcxrjRWYCsyCOIDeShuPc1bPfgcQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study_of_River_Yamuna","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"According to the Hindu mythology, river Yamuna is considered as one of the most sacred rivers after the Ganges. In this study water quality of the river Yamuna was assessed at four different sampling locations during the months of May to August 2014. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO42-were analyzed and the observed results were compared with the standard limits of BIS and WHO. The mean pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl-and SO 4 2-values at the four sampling sites were observed in the range of 7.81-8.00, 1046.5-1195.3 µS/cm, 27.0-37.3 NTU, 856.5-936.0 mg/l, 4.5-5.2 mg/l, 19.3-25.8 mg/l, 58.0-85.0 mg/l, 242.5-267.0 mg/l and 97.75-114.0 mg/l respectively. The results on the water quality parameters of Yamuna river indicate that the river is not safe for domestic purposes.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856586,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856586/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0239.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856586/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Assessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856586/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0239-libre.pdf?1500026168=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssessment_of_Water_Quality_A_Case_Study.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=JbQaTbkraF2ecr0RbUu5n0uvZXnB4BJeNP4lCyxkBRh2DReZLHnRARpvK8wsG6hFILKFIRCHI6k~TUGmXCAvCA-5g4GDFJyUX89cIwScOyxB8JFDgGadoY6~2G~YMOxqG5kmNwh7AdsUi3SBBD-0ObWpdQ6c~REbPtOg1R4M2f5nzn5cNZO6fu1Gty2inDs09n0TDqumrYoufVEsyWjXUFczORJJGMQmaQveFtHihLmghNMS78K7DKXQg~OaZ6Ld1pXnuUnptiz2Qdo83wBuoAJuuFUpJR23FgO9sto1nK6Z-vB5A5pMevU-c~lcxrjRWYCsyCOIDeShuPc1bPfgcQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880897-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880896"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880896/Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects_for_Sediment_Management"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Diversion Tunnel of Hydropower Projects for Sediment Management" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856585/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880896/Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects_for_Sediment_Management">Diversion Tunnel of Hydropower Projects for Sediment Management</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Power potential of Himalayan Rivers is being harnessed with a great effect for last many decades ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Power potential of Himalayan Rivers is being harnessed with a great effect for last many decades and will be continued in future also. The major problem with these rivers is the enormous amount of sediment they carry with them due to steep slopes and fragile geology. The suspended part of sediment load finds its way into the water conductor system through power intake causing damage to turbines and other underwater parts in the power house. The use of diversion tunnel to deal with this problem is discussed in this paper with the help of a case study conducted at Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), Pune.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4cd50455996a40d5667a68f1a2973169" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856585,"asset_id":33880896,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856585/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880896"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880896"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880896; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880896]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880896]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880896; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880896']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4cd50455996a40d5667a68f1a2973169" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880896]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880896,"title":"Diversion Tunnel of Hydropower Projects for Sediment Management","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Power potential of Himalayan Rivers is being harnessed with a great effect for last many decades and will be continued in future also. The major problem with these rivers is the enormous amount of sediment they carry with them due to steep slopes and fragile geology. The suspended part of sediment load finds its way into the water conductor system through power intake causing damage to turbines and other underwater parts in the power house. The use of diversion tunnel to deal with this problem is discussed in this paper with the help of a case study conducted at Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), Pune."},"translated_abstract":"Power potential of Himalayan Rivers is being harnessed with a great effect for last many decades and will be continued in future also. The major problem with these rivers is the enormous amount of sediment they carry with them due to steep slopes and fragile geology. The suspended part of sediment load finds its way into the water conductor system through power intake causing damage to turbines and other underwater parts in the power house. The use of diversion tunnel to deal with this problem is discussed in this paper with the help of a case study conducted at Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), Pune.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880896/Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects_for_Sediment_Management","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:05.040-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717656,"work_id":33880896,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429176,"email":"z***r@rediffmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Mohd Qamar","title":"Diversion Tunnel of Hydropower Projects for Sediment Management"},{"id":29717657,"work_id":33880896,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429177,"email":"m***g@rediffmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Manoj Verma","title":"Diversion Tunnel of Hydropower Projects for Sediment Management"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856585,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856585/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0238.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856585/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856585/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0238-libre.pdf?1500026164=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=gD5A46JaESWDPdJovu0FLIirUKaPllTsUcetDCOYxvFW2iOV6Va536k1zlIwuWj3Uj-kW~nLpLSgoUek2EZ4Cp4L1Bpo4DzuI-GSXAYjcnPpmNtsxqLRgcaZmLKVJEDdKq~nn-Ti1KtqGd3rPndTeNCU32PXeOUIrusCU2k0CL~HY9VrzdzpBELLJi1rvHddXvfZc9m7714FGN0dNx~8MytsTjinOWJVJ5CgUhKA~8zg-PRhVh5ruXCGzP9L-yVFQZQafJ-5oPnbPeux-bb0NVWLJ5urrNyQ74~I4d60BqPbN7agbw5Tw10P431~MjK4RiSkXUEQeCvVPBx8KI10Uw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects_for_Sediment_Management","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Power potential of Himalayan Rivers is being harnessed with a great effect for last many decades and will be continued in future also. The major problem with these rivers is the enormous amount of sediment they carry with them due to steep slopes and fragile geology. The suspended part of sediment load finds its way into the water conductor system through power intake causing damage to turbines and other underwater parts in the power house. The use of diversion tunnel to deal with this problem is discussed in this paper with the help of a case study conducted at Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), Pune.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856585,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856585/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0238.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856585/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Diversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856585/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0238-libre.pdf?1500026164=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiversion_Tunnel_of_Hydropower_Projects.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=gD5A46JaESWDPdJovu0FLIirUKaPllTsUcetDCOYxvFW2iOV6Va536k1zlIwuWj3Uj-kW~nLpLSgoUek2EZ4Cp4L1Bpo4DzuI-GSXAYjcnPpmNtsxqLRgcaZmLKVJEDdKq~nn-Ti1KtqGd3rPndTeNCU32PXeOUIrusCU2k0CL~HY9VrzdzpBELLJi1rvHddXvfZc9m7714FGN0dNx~8MytsTjinOWJVJ5CgUhKA~8zg-PRhVh5ruXCGzP9L-yVFQZQafJ-5oPnbPeux-bb0NVWLJ5urrNyQ74~I4d60BqPbN7agbw5Tw10P431~MjK4RiSkXUEQeCvVPBx8KI10Uw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880896-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880894"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880894/Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_in_Assessment_of_River_Water_Quality"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use of Multivariate Analytical Methods in Assessment of River Water Quality" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856581/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880894/Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_in_Assessment_of_River_Water_Quality">Use of Multivariate Analytical Methods in Assessment of River Water Quality</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study is focused on the assessment of water quality of river Satluj in North Indian state of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study is focused on the assessment of water quality of river Satluj in North Indian state of Punjab and evaluation of 34 physico-chemical variables monitored during the period 2015–2016, at 3 different sampling locations. Multivariate analytical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/ Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to the water quality data set to identify characteristics of water quality in the studied catchment. PCA/FA was applied for source identification to data sets pertaining to 3 spatial groups (upper catchment, middle catchment and lower catchment) responsible for the data structure. These factors are conditionally named soil structure and soil erosion; domestic, municipal and industrial effluents; agricultural activities (fertilizers, livestock waste etc.) and seasonal effect factors.In the current study usefulness of multivariate analysis for evaluation of river Satluj water quality assessment and identification of dominant factors and pollution sources for effective water quality management and determination of spatial and temporal variations in water quality illustrated.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c4d9a8869ba5de8ad48dd89938060e13" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856581,"asset_id":33880894,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856581/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880894"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880894"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880894; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880894]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880894]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880894; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880894']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c4d9a8869ba5de8ad48dd89938060e13" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880894]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880894,"title":"Use of Multivariate Analytical Methods in Assessment of River Water Quality","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study is focused on the assessment of water quality of river Satluj in North Indian state of Punjab and evaluation of 34 physico-chemical variables monitored during the period 2015–2016, at 3 different sampling locations. Multivariate analytical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/ Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to the water quality data set to identify characteristics of water quality in the studied catchment. PCA/FA was applied for source identification to data sets pertaining to 3 spatial groups (upper catchment, middle catchment and lower catchment) responsible for the data structure. These factors are conditionally named soil structure and soil erosion; domestic, municipal and industrial effluents; agricultural activities (fertilizers, livestock waste etc.) and seasonal effect factors.In the current study usefulness of multivariate analysis for evaluation of river Satluj water quality assessment and identification of dominant factors and pollution sources for effective water quality management and determination of spatial and temporal variations in water quality illustrated."},"translated_abstract":"This study is focused on the assessment of water quality of river Satluj in North Indian state of Punjab and evaluation of 34 physico-chemical variables monitored during the period 2015–2016, at 3 different sampling locations. Multivariate analytical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/ Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to the water quality data set to identify characteristics of water quality in the studied catchment. PCA/FA was applied for source identification to data sets pertaining to 3 spatial groups (upper catchment, middle catchment and lower catchment) responsible for the data structure. These factors are conditionally named soil structure and soil erosion; domestic, municipal and industrial effluents; agricultural activities (fertilizers, livestock waste etc.) and seasonal effect factors.In the current study usefulness of multivariate analysis for evaluation of river Satluj water quality assessment and identification of dominant factors and pollution sources for effective water quality management and determination of spatial and temporal variations in water quality illustrated.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880894/Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_in_Assessment_of_River_Water_Quality","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:04.847-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717648,"work_id":33880894,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":5069025,"email":"s***9@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Siddhartha Sharma","title":"Use of Multivariate Analytical Methods in Assessment of River Water Quality"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856581,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856581/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0236.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856581/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_i.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856581/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0236-libre.pdf?1500026169=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUse_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_i.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=dnO0iEcTj81lWENFVBjgEHRvgeBI3GdmrU0kQL6uPuUjDq0u~ua9VqluFrXzDsiSuZ9~1XDC6ktluz3Yk1odHYBoptXWddmx8xgH8b1tFJjkdQfpBMzPZxlX8oLUs5-j92D96C0aO--zUBbjwYu9vKvvRu5hnt0BYHQcCjaswPW66D7iIYMdzG-naMMrdbTBSfSLt7IWySAVALlTzD1gBxlMVNT34bM0F0TFxFkvHW3kC2OHXkmJom5gOMNpxRFlKNJx0FuTP~Y7f1zGvY9MIg8s4Q4w4uXiLNE6q8IogSL8nSdaYtAvbB7e7dpCrICX9r7COUUeWwqS83SDr6bDlA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_in_Assessment_of_River_Water_Quality","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This study is focused on the assessment of water quality of river Satluj in North Indian state of Punjab and evaluation of 34 physico-chemical variables monitored during the period 2015–2016, at 3 different sampling locations. Multivariate analytical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/ Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to the water quality data set to identify characteristics of water quality in the studied catchment. PCA/FA was applied for source identification to data sets pertaining to 3 spatial groups (upper catchment, middle catchment and lower catchment) responsible for the data structure. These factors are conditionally named soil structure and soil erosion; domestic, municipal and industrial effluents; agricultural activities (fertilizers, livestock waste etc.) and seasonal effect factors.In the current study usefulness of multivariate analysis for evaluation of river Satluj water quality assessment and identification of dominant factors and pollution sources for effective water quality management and determination of spatial and temporal variations in water quality illustrated.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856581,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856581/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0236.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856581/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Use_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_i.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856581/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0236-libre.pdf?1500026169=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUse_of_Multivariate_Analytical_Methods_i.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=dnO0iEcTj81lWENFVBjgEHRvgeBI3GdmrU0kQL6uPuUjDq0u~ua9VqluFrXzDsiSuZ9~1XDC6ktluz3Yk1odHYBoptXWddmx8xgH8b1tFJjkdQfpBMzPZxlX8oLUs5-j92D96C0aO--zUBbjwYu9vKvvRu5hnt0BYHQcCjaswPW66D7iIYMdzG-naMMrdbTBSfSLt7IWySAVALlTzD1gBxlMVNT34bM0F0TFxFkvHW3kC2OHXkmJom5gOMNpxRFlKNJx0FuTP~Y7f1zGvY9MIg8s4Q4w4uXiLNE6q8IogSL8nSdaYtAvbB7e7dpCrICX9r7COUUeWwqS83SDr6bDlA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering"},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880894-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880892"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880892/Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local_Scouring"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Bridge Pier Geometry on Local Scouring" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856579/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880892/Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local_Scouring">Effect of Bridge Pier Geometry on Local Scouring</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Local scour around bridge pier is the main reason for failure of a hydraulic structure like as br...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Local scour around bridge pier is the main reason for failure of a hydraulic structure like as bridge piers, abutment etc. Local scour around a bridge pier is largely depending on the shape of the bridge pier and how the design is fashionable from the view of construction. Local scour is a complex phenomenon which depends on the discharge, depth of flow, geometry of the pier and type of sediment particle. In this study, geometry i.e. shape of the pier is the main concern. Research is carried out by considering three different geometry pier of rectangular, circular and oblong shape to conclude the optimal shape of the pier at a different flow velocity of 0.146m/s, 0.231 m/s & 0.323 m/s on 15m hydraulic flume under clear water condition using natural sand as the bed material in the university laboratory. Results show an idea that the scouring at the upstream face is directly proportional to the exposed upstream nose area of the pier. It is also shows that the scouring is highest in all cases for the rectangular pier and minimum for the oblong pier.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8e49fdbca8ac2e14ad7cd539ceabd8b6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856579,"asset_id":33880892,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856579/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880892"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880892"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880892; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880892]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880892]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880892; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880892']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8e49fdbca8ac2e14ad7cd539ceabd8b6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880892]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880892,"title":"Effect of Bridge Pier Geometry on Local Scouring","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Local scour around bridge pier is the main reason for failure of a hydraulic structure like as bridge piers, abutment etc. Local scour around a bridge pier is largely depending on the shape of the bridge pier and how the design is fashionable from the view of construction. Local scour is a complex phenomenon which depends on the discharge, depth of flow, geometry of the pier and type of sediment particle. In this study, geometry i.e. shape of the pier is the main concern. Research is carried out by considering three different geometry pier of rectangular, circular and oblong shape to conclude the optimal shape of the pier at a different flow velocity of 0.146m/s, 0.231 m/s \u0026 0.323 m/s on 15m hydraulic flume under clear water condition using natural sand as the bed material in the university laboratory. Results show an idea that the scouring at the upstream face is directly proportional to the exposed upstream nose area of the pier. It is also shows that the scouring is highest in all cases for the rectangular pier and minimum for the oblong pier.","ai_title_tag":"Impact of Pier Geometry on Local Scour Dynamics"},"translated_abstract":"Local scour around bridge pier is the main reason for failure of a hydraulic structure like as bridge piers, abutment etc. Local scour around a bridge pier is largely depending on the shape of the bridge pier and how the design is fashionable from the view of construction. Local scour is a complex phenomenon which depends on the discharge, depth of flow, geometry of the pier and type of sediment particle. In this study, geometry i.e. shape of the pier is the main concern. Research is carried out by considering three different geometry pier of rectangular, circular and oblong shape to conclude the optimal shape of the pier at a different flow velocity of 0.146m/s, 0.231 m/s \u0026 0.323 m/s on 15m hydraulic flume under clear water condition using natural sand as the bed material in the university laboratory. Results show an idea that the scouring at the upstream face is directly proportional to the exposed upstream nose area of the pier. It is also shows that the scouring is highest in all cases for the rectangular pier and minimum for the oblong pier.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880892/Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local_Scouring","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:04.346-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":29717644,"work_id":33880892,"tagging_user_id":59085876,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6429174,"email":"c***a@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Chandan Roy","title":"Effect of Bridge Pier Geometry on Local Scouring"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856579,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856579/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0234.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856579/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856579/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0234-libre.pdf?1500026169=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=OG1PjZgMn3OLI7ozyZB9JF192X2Wace-mgPpi0HnhReSqMvbQirlOpwnEJrsxmK-nwilFg6tiu8lZ8-dERU~DpNOocgmHLsX4z9lcsY~XKNlWYWIwEXZMG4TuQ2RgHQVsx6PK49V1b0oXZl4jXdzjt76-l0J4RUNlb5Tkux~B7MLiJxoW0NmYRnXprRJn5y6HxWDgvl47shgJwrJeP~zjHl25MNeArB2Yn0nh-IzKMovwxwd98n~mtR~fOYXiVj8VmqSh1uyg7HWHjuyUBFpGOz4P4B5LTNvBuIBb2-tWlgiycj6TZTZ-6tbBAfXSLHWYyzq6H-TbFI11x9NlrRLUQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local_Scouring","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Local scour around bridge pier is the main reason for failure of a hydraulic structure like as bridge piers, abutment etc. Local scour around a bridge pier is largely depending on the shape of the bridge pier and how the design is fashionable from the view of construction. Local scour is a complex phenomenon which depends on the discharge, depth of flow, geometry of the pier and type of sediment particle. In this study, geometry i.e. shape of the pier is the main concern. Research is carried out by considering three different geometry pier of rectangular, circular and oblong shape to conclude the optimal shape of the pier at a different flow velocity of 0.146m/s, 0.231 m/s \u0026 0.323 m/s on 15m hydraulic flume under clear water condition using natural sand as the bed material in the university laboratory. Results show an idea that the scouring at the upstream face is directly proportional to the exposed upstream nose area of the pier. It is also shows that the scouring is highest in all cases for the rectangular pier and minimum for the oblong pier.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856579,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856579/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0234.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856579/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856579/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0234-libre.pdf?1500026169=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Bridge_Pier_Geometry_on_Local.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=OG1PjZgMn3OLI7ozyZB9JF192X2Wace-mgPpi0HnhReSqMvbQirlOpwnEJrsxmK-nwilFg6tiu8lZ8-dERU~DpNOocgmHLsX4z9lcsY~XKNlWYWIwEXZMG4TuQ2RgHQVsx6PK49V1b0oXZl4jXdzjt76-l0J4RUNlb5Tkux~B7MLiJxoW0NmYRnXprRJn5y6HxWDgvl47shgJwrJeP~zjHl25MNeArB2Yn0nh-IzKMovwxwd98n~mtR~fOYXiVj8VmqSh1uyg7HWHjuyUBFpGOz4P4B5LTNvBuIBb2-tWlgiycj6TZTZ-6tbBAfXSLHWYyzq6H-TbFI11x9NlrRLUQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2549,"name":"Hydrology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880891"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880891/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856577/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880891/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study assessed the heavy metal concentration in groundwater for domestic purposes in the Nal...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study assessed the heavy metal concentration in groundwater for domestic purposes in the Nalagarh tehsil of Solan district in terms of spatial variations in the heavy metal ions fluxes. The monitoring was done for the pre-monsoon season of 2012 and eight heavy metals was considered. The mean Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Cr6+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ content at twenty-five sampling locations were found in the range of 0.02-0.068, 0-0.0035, 0.013-0.139, 0.002-0.06, 0.001-0.09, 0.003-0.08, 0.075-0.488, 0,001-0.389 mg/l respectively. The total heavy metal ions flux in the groundwater of the study area was found to be 11.104 mg/l. The presence of heavy metal ions in the groundwater samples suggests that, assessment of water quality parameters and water quality management practices should be done periodically in order to protect the valuable but limited fresh water resources. Principal component analysis was used to identify the major contributing factor of contamination and also to examine the spatial changes of groundwater quality of the study area.<br />Keywords: Groundwater, Heavy metals, Correlation analysis, Principal component analysis, Biplot.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="aa7a64f2cc7895fb561295dd4f349614" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856577,"asset_id":33880891,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856577/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880891"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880891"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880891; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880891]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880891]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880891; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880891']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "aa7a64f2cc7895fb561295dd4f349614" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880891]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880891,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study assessed the heavy metal concentration in groundwater for domestic purposes in the Nalagarh tehsil of Solan district in terms of spatial variations in the heavy metal ions fluxes. The monitoring was done for the pre-monsoon season of 2012 and eight heavy metals was considered. The mean Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Cr6+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ content at twenty-five sampling locations were found in the range of 0.02-0.068, 0-0.0035, 0.013-0.139, 0.002-0.06, 0.001-0.09, 0.003-0.08, 0.075-0.488, 0,001-0.389 mg/l respectively. The total heavy metal ions flux in the groundwater of the study area was found to be 11.104 mg/l. The presence of heavy metal ions in the groundwater samples suggests that, assessment of water quality parameters and water quality management practices should be done periodically in order to protect the valuable but limited fresh water resources. Principal component analysis was used to identify the major contributing factor of contamination and also to examine the spatial changes of groundwater quality of the study area.\nKeywords: Groundwater, Heavy metals, Correlation analysis, Principal component analysis, Biplot.","ai_title_tag":"Heavy Metal Assessment in Nalagarh Groundwater"},"translated_abstract":"This study assessed the heavy metal concentration in groundwater for domestic purposes in the Nalagarh tehsil of Solan district in terms of spatial variations in the heavy metal ions fluxes. The monitoring was done for the pre-monsoon season of 2012 and eight heavy metals was considered. The mean Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Cr6+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ content at twenty-five sampling locations were found in the range of 0.02-0.068, 0-0.0035, 0.013-0.139, 0.002-0.06, 0.001-0.09, 0.003-0.08, 0.075-0.488, 0,001-0.389 mg/l respectively. The total heavy metal ions flux in the groundwater of the study area was found to be 11.104 mg/l. The presence of heavy metal ions in the groundwater samples suggests that, assessment of water quality parameters and water quality management practices should be done periodically in order to protect the valuable but limited fresh water resources. Principal component analysis was used to identify the major contributing factor of contamination and also to examine the spatial changes of groundwater quality of the study area.\nKeywords: Groundwater, Heavy metals, Correlation analysis, Principal component analysis, Biplot.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880891/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:04.094-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856577/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856577/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233-libre.pdf?1500026177=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=efLesBNpy2~ikjCeERe~d7667h7LiuAZZ1iEEhMfLOuoCwovg0Xh7P73Wk0kCt7cYQJRA6ounzvX18t0I2Z8xwVRArqwoPi8P~cVsVio1gpBPoUv1VdsM1g~9a0hWuenU-klpMOeE8jZa2wx8C5Jklz0xbbrVjmns8TZt6fi9DiIhh6gfq1Z-siqyv8VBh-GNdb7wF2~5YusBalQFC7to4BS3D0JnwmndNsozI5JXO3brCIh3PzrJlrDNP8a6HB5nBqxU~2iFt1A8deM0LwY446frdbXiofmzzv5q1XVH98hvdWrM~ziPdg-4pvsIKPQPxB1upd~GVngLemkilJOKQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This study assessed the heavy metal concentration in groundwater for domestic purposes in the Nalagarh tehsil of Solan district in terms of spatial variations in the heavy metal ions fluxes. The monitoring was done for the pre-monsoon season of 2012 and eight heavy metals was considered. The mean Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Cr6+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ content at twenty-five sampling locations were found in the range of 0.02-0.068, 0-0.0035, 0.013-0.139, 0.002-0.06, 0.001-0.09, 0.003-0.08, 0.075-0.488, 0,001-0.389 mg/l respectively. The total heavy metal ions flux in the groundwater of the study area was found to be 11.104 mg/l. The presence of heavy metal ions in the groundwater samples suggests that, assessment of water quality parameters and water quality management practices should be done periodically in order to protect the valuable but limited fresh water resources. Principal component analysis was used to identify the major contributing factor of contamination and also to examine the spatial changes of groundwater quality of the study area.\nKeywords: Groundwater, Heavy metals, Correlation analysis, Principal component analysis, Biplot.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856577,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856577/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856577/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856577/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0233-libre.pdf?1500026177=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0233_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=efLesBNpy2~ikjCeERe~d7667h7LiuAZZ1iEEhMfLOuoCwovg0Xh7P73Wk0kCt7cYQJRA6ounzvX18t0I2Z8xwVRArqwoPi8P~cVsVio1gpBPoUv1VdsM1g~9a0hWuenU-klpMOeE8jZa2wx8C5Jklz0xbbrVjmns8TZt6fi9DiIhh6gfq1Z-siqyv8VBh-GNdb7wF2~5YusBalQFC7to4BS3D0JnwmndNsozI5JXO3brCIh3PzrJlrDNP8a6HB5nBqxU~2iFt1A8deM0LwY446frdbXiofmzzv5q1XVH98hvdWrM~ziPdg-4pvsIKPQPxB1upd~GVngLemkilJOKQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880890"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880890/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856578/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880890/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Trivandrum district has been studied to characterize the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Trivandrum district has been studied to characterize the groundwater potential and prospects. The study area is occupied by four watersheds (Ayirur, Vamanapuram, Karamana and Neyyar) and groundwater is one of the main sources of water for drinking and agricultural purpose. The groundwater scenario has been assessed by using the water table contour maps and groundwater level fluctuation maps based on the data obtained from 93 observation wells. The average water level in the region is 9 to 13 and 8 to 10 mbgl during pre and post monsoon seasons respectively. The deepest water level (20.21 mbgl to 26.67 mbgl) is recorded from places such as Chovvarapotta, Pazhayaucchakkada and Ozhukupara and shallowest water level (0.85 mbgl to 1.61 mbgl) is in places like Irumba, Punnamkarikkakam, Kathipara and Erattachira. Most of the deep dug wells go dry during summer months, though these wells show good water level fluctuation during rainy season. A detailed investigation has revealed that substantial quantity of groundwater is being lost as base flow. This base flow of groundwater makes the rivers and river lets, perennial in the area. The long term trend analysis shows that (ten years data), majority of the wells are showing declining trend (1.99 m/year) and this decline is attributed to the change in land use pattern in the area and less recharge from the rainfall. The rainfall analysis shows that there is not much variation in the rainfall pattern over the last few years. On the basis of mathematical projection the water level trends for the next ten years has been predicted. The analysis shows that the groundwater potential in the hard rock aquifer is depleting hence an immediate recharge measures have to be implemented in this region to arrest the decline trend and the base flow.<br />Keywords: Hard rock aquifer, Kerala, Groundwater resources, Hydrochemistry, Long term trend.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880890-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880890-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633583/figure-1-the-groundwater-in-these-crystalline-formations-is"><img alt="The groundwater in these crystalline formations is found in unconfined and semi to confined conditions. The occurrence and movement of groundwater in this region is controlled by the secondary porosity in the crystalline rocks. Due to the variation in lithology and fracture patterns these aquifers are highly heterogeneous in nature (Alain et al., 2014). Groundwater occurs in phreatic as well as deeper zones in the weathered crystalline rocks and the fractured crystalline rocks respectively. The shallow aquifers generally occur within a depth of 25m. The yield of wells in these formations ranges from 6 to 12m*/day. The deeper fractures (between 50 and 80 m depth) in hard rock form major potential aquifers at places. The yield of wells tapped in deeper fractures ranged from 30 to 1200 lpm (CGWB, 2013). Figure. 1: Location map of the study area " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633587/figure-2-during-post-monsoon-the-total-scenario-change-depth"><img alt="During post-monsoon the total scenario change: (Figure 2a & b). Figure 2a: Depth to water level during pre-monsoon season (April 2014) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633590/figure-3-fluctuation-maximum-in-vamanapuram-and-karamana"><img alt="Fluctuation 1s maximum in Vamanapuram and Karamana river basins (4.31 and 16.31 mbgl). Whereas the minimum fluctuation is recorded in the eyyar river basin (-2.04 mbgl). The midland portions of Vamanapuram and Karamana river basins have maximum fluctuation. So recharge occurs maximum at these areas. Minimum fluctuation is observed from Kottakkal and maximum fluctuation is from Alanthara. The Figure 3 shows that the rate of fluctuation minimal in the southern part of the area 1098 sq km). Figure 3: Fluctuation map (2014) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633593/figure-2-depth-to-water-level-during-post-monsoon-season"><img alt="Figure 2b: Depth to water level during post-monsoon season (November 2014) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633595/figure-4-water-contour-map-from-the-seasonal-groundwater"><img alt="Figure 4; Water table contour map From the seasonal groundwater level, deepest water evel recorded from Pazhayauchakkada and shallow water levels from Kathipara. About 7% of the ocations show negative seasonal fluctuation, ie. the post-monsoon seasonal water level is lower than that of the pre-monsoon water level. This indicates the groundwater is not sufficiently recharged from the precipitation. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633596/figure-6-hydrographs-showing-pre-monsoon-water-levels-for"><img alt="Figure 6a: Hydrographs showing pre-monsoon water levels for the years 2004, 2009, 2014 and 2020 Long-term trend of the water level depicts that the locations such as Vamanapuram, Perunkadavila, Pangod, Nedumangad, Kattakkada, Kallar and Aruvikkara show a rate of decline of pre-monsoon water level ranges from 0.5 to 6 mbgl and the rate of decline of post-monsoon season ranges from 0.4 to 4.9 mbgl. This shows that groundwater level has a decline trend in all river basins during pre-monsoon season. Water level in Palode shows rising trend with a rate of 0.6 and 2.3 mbgl during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon respectively. The water level trend in areas such as Pothencode, Vithura, Maruthamala and Kallikkad shows a falling trend during post-monsoon season only. That is during post-monsoon season groundwater level shows a decline trend in Vamanapuram and Neyyar river basins. In Amboori, water level is constant during pre-monsoon and shows a rising trend during post-monsoon season. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633598/figure-5-shows-that-there-is-continuous-decline-of-water"><img alt="shows that there is continuous decline of water level: in both pre and post monsoon seasons. Figure 5: Hydrographs of water level for 15 well locations " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21633600/figure-6-hydrographs-showing-post-monsoon-water-levels-for"><img alt="Figure 6b: Hydrographs showing post-monsoon water levels for the years 2004, 2009, 2014 and 2020 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856578/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880890-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d979718d8ec7d781fa293843d37c9e75" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856578,"asset_id":33880890,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856578/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880890"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880890"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880890; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880890]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880890]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880890; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880890']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d979718d8ec7d781fa293843d37c9e75" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880890]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880890,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Trivandrum district has been studied to characterize the groundwater potential and prospects. The study area is occupied by four watersheds (Ayirur, Vamanapuram, Karamana and Neyyar) and groundwater is one of the main sources of water for drinking and agricultural purpose. The groundwater scenario has been assessed by using the water table contour maps and groundwater level fluctuation maps based on the data obtained from 93 observation wells. The average water level in the region is 9 to 13 and 8 to 10 mbgl during pre and post monsoon seasons respectively. The deepest water level (20.21 mbgl to 26.67 mbgl) is recorded from places such as Chovvarapotta, Pazhayaucchakkada and Ozhukupara and shallowest water level (0.85 mbgl to 1.61 mbgl) is in places like Irumba, Punnamkarikkakam, Kathipara and Erattachira. Most of the deep dug wells go dry during summer months, though these wells show good water level fluctuation during rainy season. A detailed investigation has revealed that substantial quantity of groundwater is being lost as base flow. This base flow of groundwater makes the rivers and river lets, perennial in the area. The long term trend analysis shows that (ten years data), majority of the wells are showing declining trend (1.99 m/year) and this decline is attributed to the change in land use pattern in the area and less recharge from the rainfall. The rainfall analysis shows that there is not much variation in the rainfall pattern over the last few years. On the basis of mathematical projection the water level trends for the next ten years has been predicted. The analysis shows that the groundwater potential in the hard rock aquifer is depleting hence an immediate recharge measures have to be implemented in this region to arrest the decline trend and the base flow.\nKeywords: Hard rock aquifer, Kerala, Groundwater resources, Hydrochemistry, Long term trend."},"translated_abstract":"Groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Trivandrum district has been studied to characterize the groundwater potential and prospects. The study area is occupied by four watersheds (Ayirur, Vamanapuram, Karamana and Neyyar) and groundwater is one of the main sources of water for drinking and agricultural purpose. The groundwater scenario has been assessed by using the water table contour maps and groundwater level fluctuation maps based on the data obtained from 93 observation wells. The average water level in the region is 9 to 13 and 8 to 10 mbgl during pre and post monsoon seasons respectively. The deepest water level (20.21 mbgl to 26.67 mbgl) is recorded from places such as Chovvarapotta, Pazhayaucchakkada and Ozhukupara and shallowest water level (0.85 mbgl to 1.61 mbgl) is in places like Irumba, Punnamkarikkakam, Kathipara and Erattachira. Most of the deep dug wells go dry during summer months, though these wells show good water level fluctuation during rainy season. A detailed investigation has revealed that substantial quantity of groundwater is being lost as base flow. This base flow of groundwater makes the rivers and river lets, perennial in the area. The long term trend analysis shows that (ten years data), majority of the wells are showing declining trend (1.99 m/year) and this decline is attributed to the change in land use pattern in the area and less recharge from the rainfall. The rainfall analysis shows that there is not much variation in the rainfall pattern over the last few years. On the basis of mathematical projection the water level trends for the next ten years has been predicted. The analysis shows that the groundwater potential in the hard rock aquifer is depleting hence an immediate recharge measures have to be implemented in this region to arrest the decline trend and the base flow.\nKeywords: Hard rock aquifer, Kerala, Groundwater resources, Hydrochemistry, Long term trend.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880890/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:04.039-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856578,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856578/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856578/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856578/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232-libre.pdf?1500026171=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=cF526oBTOHB1cLITy1MW5NpUPxiWuDYBoa2V77y09X8llUuQhE7wjpAqAKN~QJDZU6lXcmoz5V~qRuzIsXFJV5Pp6U8grFPjT0SRuBLIzoD1ThSmKG3Ig8SGvq9RbqF2RnU~DMQEtcxetAOPKZaVrOFik4Wx73VOcOH~SN7eW2~sLwumHsy1oNjThlhLlJCpoFitQUz1VjYw9TafmkQP32iTGxw0H0spDhKEBdwXJq-Y3-Mo4Jd~9B29h7a0EXfq45Hw0LQdOIY-ghcBzv2QkLh7lXWpAMg-wkwOKrcnl61clIZjFNvzx4ixM1XeqMXTMsshNZbtivg~EeAROxszSw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Trivandrum district has been studied to characterize the groundwater potential and prospects. The study area is occupied by four watersheds (Ayirur, Vamanapuram, Karamana and Neyyar) and groundwater is one of the main sources of water for drinking and agricultural purpose. The groundwater scenario has been assessed by using the water table contour maps and groundwater level fluctuation maps based on the data obtained from 93 observation wells. The average water level in the region is 9 to 13 and 8 to 10 mbgl during pre and post monsoon seasons respectively. The deepest water level (20.21 mbgl to 26.67 mbgl) is recorded from places such as Chovvarapotta, Pazhayaucchakkada and Ozhukupara and shallowest water level (0.85 mbgl to 1.61 mbgl) is in places like Irumba, Punnamkarikkakam, Kathipara and Erattachira. Most of the deep dug wells go dry during summer months, though these wells show good water level fluctuation during rainy season. A detailed investigation has revealed that substantial quantity of groundwater is being lost as base flow. This base flow of groundwater makes the rivers and river lets, perennial in the area. The long term trend analysis shows that (ten years data), majority of the wells are showing declining trend (1.99 m/year) and this decline is attributed to the change in land use pattern in the area and less recharge from the rainfall. The rainfall analysis shows that there is not much variation in the rainfall pattern over the last few years. On the basis of mathematical projection the water level trends for the next ten years has been predicted. The analysis shows that the groundwater potential in the hard rock aquifer is depleting hence an immediate recharge measures have to be implemented in this region to arrest the decline trend and the base flow.\nKeywords: Hard rock aquifer, Kerala, Groundwater resources, Hydrochemistry, Long term trend.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856578,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856578/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856578/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856578/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0232-libre.pdf?1500026171=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0232_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=cF526oBTOHB1cLITy1MW5NpUPxiWuDYBoa2V77y09X8llUuQhE7wjpAqAKN~QJDZU6lXcmoz5V~qRuzIsXFJV5Pp6U8grFPjT0SRuBLIzoD1ThSmKG3Ig8SGvq9RbqF2RnU~DMQEtcxetAOPKZaVrOFik4Wx73VOcOH~SN7eW2~sLwumHsy1oNjThlhLlJCpoFitQUz1VjYw9TafmkQP32iTGxw0H0spDhKEBdwXJq-Y3-Mo4Jd~9B29h7a0EXfq45Hw0LQdOIY-ghcBzv2QkLh7lXWpAMg-wkwOKrcnl61clIZjFNvzx4ixM1XeqMXTMsshNZbtivg~EeAROxszSw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880890-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880887"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880887/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856576/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880887/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In order to control the construction deformation of the tunnel under the existing highway, the pa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In order to control the construction deformation of the tunnel under the existing highway, the pavement deformation under the condition of the tunnel section of shield tunnel in Shanghai was calculated. The deformation of the pavement under the condition of the tunnel was calculated, and numerical simulation is carried out with FLAC3D numerical simulation. In view of the original pavement deformation amount and shield construction deformation increment and over the pavement deformation specification maximum allowable value of contrast the single grouting reinforcement, setting pile and grouting combined with the road pile foundation reinforcement of three different reinforcement scheme is determined. Through the numerical simulation analysis to determine the scheme for the optimal solution, after the construction of the comparison of the actual deformation, second scheme on deformation control is better than expected. It is proved that the prediction with high accuracy and this is an important reference for similar projects.<br />Keywords: shield method, high-speed bridge, pavement deformation, reinforcement schemes, pile</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3210e8c68ce8e0c2b5aca5ad13e96114" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856576,"asset_id":33880887,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856576/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880887"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880887"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880887; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880887]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880887]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880887; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880887']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3210e8c68ce8e0c2b5aca5ad13e96114" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880887]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880887,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In order to control the construction deformation of the tunnel under the existing highway, the pavement deformation under the condition of the tunnel section of shield tunnel in Shanghai was calculated. The deformation of the pavement under the condition of the tunnel was calculated, and numerical simulation is carried out with FLAC3D numerical simulation. In view of the original pavement deformation amount and shield construction deformation increment and over the pavement deformation specification maximum allowable value of contrast the single grouting reinforcement, setting pile and grouting combined with the road pile foundation reinforcement of three different reinforcement scheme is determined. Through the numerical simulation analysis to determine the scheme for the optimal solution, after the construction of the comparison of the actual deformation, second scheme on deformation control is better than expected. It is proved that the prediction with high accuracy and this is an important reference for similar projects.\nKeywords: shield method, high-speed bridge, pavement deformation, reinforcement schemes, pile","ai_title_tag":"Controlling Tunnel-Induced Pavement Deformation: A Study"},"translated_abstract":"In order to control the construction deformation of the tunnel under the existing highway, the pavement deformation under the condition of the tunnel section of shield tunnel in Shanghai was calculated. The deformation of the pavement under the condition of the tunnel was calculated, and numerical simulation is carried out with FLAC3D numerical simulation. In view of the original pavement deformation amount and shield construction deformation increment and over the pavement deformation specification maximum allowable value of contrast the single grouting reinforcement, setting pile and grouting combined with the road pile foundation reinforcement of three different reinforcement scheme is determined. Through the numerical simulation analysis to determine the scheme for the optimal solution, after the construction of the comparison of the actual deformation, second scheme on deformation control is better than expected. It is proved that the prediction with high accuracy and this is an important reference for similar projects.\nKeywords: shield method, high-speed bridge, pavement deformation, reinforcement schemes, pile","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880887/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:03.550-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856576,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856576/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856576/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856576/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229-libre.pdf?1500026176=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=YJu3KKJiJmJ1q-UizcwoXtY7QW23Kxfa74q6MvduH-bKOqKb1gyqq84mGD0eTlyWfXvP6wWVxZxrbIF2ajmLkN7xQiKBZqWBkuM4~fByoIF6mYc5RTP2lFgeJZ2Y91XNbgaFqm98ZdzBIVKe7QQxtrTiA5pFkdRV3Ac35pwCuS9tplRKCvAKAPD~F6UZMuiSNQlUjy8jnv-Q6WZnzl6A~2IkywaRhv-mqwKbR-kLiOl1nOjK9hO6ZUHh7K~~fAJwICZMJppcpz99aHycBIRrVTTP6AWCxmFBujgDemCorxrWHrJ6EbymOryfAC65BCwDNZFEwYEnioyI6RgETKN2Uw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"In order to control the construction deformation of the tunnel under the existing highway, the pavement deformation under the condition of the tunnel section of shield tunnel in Shanghai was calculated. The deformation of the pavement under the condition of the tunnel was calculated, and numerical simulation is carried out with FLAC3D numerical simulation. In view of the original pavement deformation amount and shield construction deformation increment and over the pavement deformation specification maximum allowable value of contrast the single grouting reinforcement, setting pile and grouting combined with the road pile foundation reinforcement of three different reinforcement scheme is determined. Through the numerical simulation analysis to determine the scheme for the optimal solution, after the construction of the comparison of the actual deformation, second scheme on deformation control is better than expected. It is proved that the prediction with high accuracy and this is an important reference for similar projects.\nKeywords: shield method, high-speed bridge, pavement deformation, reinforcement schemes, pile","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856576,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856576/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856576/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856576/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0229-libre.pdf?1500026176=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0229_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=YJu3KKJiJmJ1q-UizcwoXtY7QW23Kxfa74q6MvduH-bKOqKb1gyqq84mGD0eTlyWfXvP6wWVxZxrbIF2ajmLkN7xQiKBZqWBkuM4~fByoIF6mYc5RTP2lFgeJZ2Y91XNbgaFqm98ZdzBIVKe7QQxtrTiA5pFkdRV3Ac35pwCuS9tplRKCvAKAPD~F6UZMuiSNQlUjy8jnv-Q6WZnzl6A~2IkywaRhv-mqwKbR-kLiOl1nOjK9hO6ZUHh7K~~fAJwICZMJppcpz99aHycBIRrVTTP6AWCxmFBujgDemCorxrWHrJ6EbymOryfAC65BCwDNZFEwYEnioyI6RgETKN2Uw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880884"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880884/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856571/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880884/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS) as a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS) as a byproduct, which is a non–biodegradable waste material, from which only a small percentage is used by cement industry to manufacture cement. In the present investigation granulated blast furnace slag from local industries has been utilized as marginal material to find its suitability as a fine aggregate in concrete making. Replacing all or some portion of natural sand with slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. The strength development when granulated blast furnace slag replaces the conventional sand is found to be more significant at lower water-cement ratios compared to higher water-cement ratios. In this investigation it is also intended to study the strength development in concrete cubes by replacing natural sand with granulated blast furnace slag at different proportions, on the basis of the Abrams’ law. The sand is replaced by granulated blast furnace slag at proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight, in order to ascertain the effects more clearly. In the present study it was observed that the bulk density is reduced with reduction in water-cement ratio, as a result the strength developed with age got reduced with decrease in water-cement ratio. Keeping the bulk density constant by use of additional quantity and increasing the compaction effort the strength is found to be increased with decreasing water-cement ratio i.e., it follows Abrams’ law. Abrams’ law can be generalized by normalization of strength values at S0.6. This generalized approach to predict strength has been confirmed by additional experimental data.<br />Key words: Abrams’ Law, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), Replacement of Sand, Water-Cement Ratio (w/c), Compressive Strength, Normalization of Strength</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-33880884-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880884-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844935/figure-1-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density-slag"><img alt="Fig 1a. Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density (slag — 0%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844943/table-5-compressive-strength-for-constant-bulk-density-in"><img alt="Table 5: Compressive Strength for Constant Bulk Density in MPa " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844902/table-2-quantities-of-aggregate"><img alt="Table 2: Quantities of Aggregate " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844904/table-4-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density-in-mpa"><img alt="Table 4: Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density in MPa " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844911/table-3-quantities-of-water-strength-development-in-cement"><img alt="Table 3: Quantities of Water 6. Strength Development in Cement Concrete Blocks " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844948/table-5-concluding-remarks-prediction-of-strength"><img alt="7. Concluding Remarks Table 5: Prediction of Strength " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844789/figure-1-ig-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density"><img alt="‘ig 1c. Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density (slag —20%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844797/figure-1-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density-slag"><img alt="Fig 1b. Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density (slag -10%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844807/figure-2-the-effect-of-water-cement-ratio-and-different"><img alt="Figure 2. The effect of water-cement ratio and different compaction methods on the Compressive strength of concrete (J uvas, 1996) With the decrease in degree of saturation the gel- space ratio increases at a specified age and consequently the residual porosity increases. This brings down the strength even though the water — cement ratio decreased. Juvas (1996) [12], while discussing the characteristics of very dry pre-casting concretes schematically depicts (Figure 2) the possibility of decrease of strength with reduction in water-cement ratio. This inference is not supported by any experimental data and other earlier investigators have not explained such a possibility. Figure 2. The effect of water-cement ratio and different compaction methods on the Compressive strength of concrete (J uvas, 1996) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844815/figure-4-ijee"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844828/figure-3-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density"><img alt="Fig 3d. Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density & Constant Bulk Density (slag -30%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844834/figure-3-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density"><img alt="Fig 3b. Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density & Constant Bulk Density (slag -10%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844842/figure-3-compressive-strength-for-constant-dry-density"><img alt="Fig 3c Compressive Strength for Constant Dry Density & Constant Bulk Density (slag —20%) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844860/figure-4-in-the-above-relation-the-strength-ratio-at"><img alt="In the above relation the strength ratio at a particular period of curing represents the effects the residual porosity compatible with gel-space ratio. Although the data analysed is limited the generalization has been clearly indicative. With more data the functional form would not change but the constants might slightly change to encompass the effects of wider range and different combinations of cementing materials. Figure 4: Strength development as w/c ratio varies at different ages " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844872/figure-9-ijee"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844883/figure-6-for-the-range-of-cement-water-ratios-covered-the"><img alt="For the range of cement-water ratios covered, the normalization has been done with respect to water- cement ratio of 0.6 which is an intermediate value between 0.3 and 0.8 and (figure 6). It has been found that a linear functional relation of the form, as given below, have been obtained with correlation coefficients of 0.9683, 0.9662, 0.9679 and 0.9653. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844890/figure-11-ijee"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17844895/table-1-ijee"><img alt="5.5. Experimental Study " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/53856571/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-33880884-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="af7fa79aca56a2a2916d9653d1cd642e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856571,"asset_id":33880884,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856571/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880884"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880884"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880884; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880884]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880884]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880884; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880884']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "af7fa79aca56a2a2916d9653d1cd642e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880884]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880884,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS) as a byproduct, which is a non–biodegradable waste material, from which only a small percentage is used by cement industry to manufacture cement. In the present investigation granulated blast furnace slag from local industries has been utilized as marginal material to find its suitability as a fine aggregate in concrete making. Replacing all or some portion of natural sand with slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. The strength development when granulated blast furnace slag replaces the conventional sand is found to be more significant at lower water-cement ratios compared to higher water-cement ratios. In this investigation it is also intended to study the strength development in concrete cubes by replacing natural sand with granulated blast furnace slag at different proportions, on the basis of the Abrams’ law. The sand is replaced by granulated blast furnace slag at proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight, in order to ascertain the effects more clearly. In the present study it was observed that the bulk density is reduced with reduction in water-cement ratio, as a result the strength developed with age got reduced with decrease in water-cement ratio. Keeping the bulk density constant by use of additional quantity and increasing the compaction effort the strength is found to be increased with decreasing water-cement ratio i.e., it follows Abrams’ law. Abrams’ law can be generalized by normalization of strength values at S0.6. This generalized approach to predict strength has been confirmed by additional experimental data.\nKey words: Abrams’ Law, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), Replacement of Sand, Water-Cement Ratio (w/c), Compressive Strength, Normalization of Strength"},"translated_abstract":"The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS) as a byproduct, which is a non–biodegradable waste material, from which only a small percentage is used by cement industry to manufacture cement. In the present investigation granulated blast furnace slag from local industries has been utilized as marginal material to find its suitability as a fine aggregate in concrete making. Replacing all or some portion of natural sand with slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. The strength development when granulated blast furnace slag replaces the conventional sand is found to be more significant at lower water-cement ratios compared to higher water-cement ratios. In this investigation it is also intended to study the strength development in concrete cubes by replacing natural sand with granulated blast furnace slag at different proportions, on the basis of the Abrams’ law. The sand is replaced by granulated blast furnace slag at proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight, in order to ascertain the effects more clearly. In the present study it was observed that the bulk density is reduced with reduction in water-cement ratio, as a result the strength developed with age got reduced with decrease in water-cement ratio. Keeping the bulk density constant by use of additional quantity and increasing the compaction effort the strength is found to be increased with decreasing water-cement ratio i.e., it follows Abrams’ law. Abrams’ law can be generalized by normalization of strength values at S0.6. This generalized approach to predict strength has been confirmed by additional experimental data.\nKey words: Abrams’ Law, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), Replacement of Sand, Water-Cement Ratio (w/c), Compressive Strength, Normalization of Strength","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880884/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:03.102-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856571,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856571/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856571/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856571/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226-libre.pdf?1500026178=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=awVD5jA67wgt~ouu~onqFVAJRzh2wOPV3O2gL7vKDDfIAYtf15g17PuGkO7hkJE~7hKrbC1OAGcGx8iyRQfNOjgm0aUZc1FtOonv3z2IOWF3fJrRbGJk~I9s0xPNygCLZhYSGqSxjXxt9t7nQn2ETv55qQqL3w5NatEc811Ffz-NJwU0VQOSUa1HofykM1gBxTluZAXPLP8SoyKnzw1XgbdWnh5HyYAJ3zXp6nN3rpcgeVRDYtMG3KJxQxjGla12e6oVBfpuuKzKWY35Y7NPhAe9oOOrf-OdgHOFe4Ac4xzb~gRT00PxSAwVsUhjSkz-DbIIXf2y7TstQ~rcrvIK5w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS) as a byproduct, which is a non–biodegradable waste material, from which only a small percentage is used by cement industry to manufacture cement. In the present investigation granulated blast furnace slag from local industries has been utilized as marginal material to find its suitability as a fine aggregate in concrete making. Replacing all or some portion of natural sand with slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. The strength development when granulated blast furnace slag replaces the conventional sand is found to be more significant at lower water-cement ratios compared to higher water-cement ratios. In this investigation it is also intended to study the strength development in concrete cubes by replacing natural sand with granulated blast furnace slag at different proportions, on the basis of the Abrams’ law. The sand is replaced by granulated blast furnace slag at proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight, in order to ascertain the effects more clearly. In the present study it was observed that the bulk density is reduced with reduction in water-cement ratio, as a result the strength developed with age got reduced with decrease in water-cement ratio. Keeping the bulk density constant by use of additional quantity and increasing the compaction effort the strength is found to be increased with decreasing water-cement ratio i.e., it follows Abrams’ law. Abrams’ law can be generalized by normalization of strength values at S0.6. This generalized approach to predict strength has been confirmed by additional experimental data.\nKey words: Abrams’ Law, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), Replacement of Sand, Water-Cement Ratio (w/c), Compressive Strength, Normalization of Strength","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856571,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856571/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856571/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856571/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0226-libre.pdf?1500026178=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0226_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743229065\u0026Signature=awVD5jA67wgt~ouu~onqFVAJRzh2wOPV3O2gL7vKDDfIAYtf15g17PuGkO7hkJE~7hKrbC1OAGcGx8iyRQfNOjgm0aUZc1FtOonv3z2IOWF3fJrRbGJk~I9s0xPNygCLZhYSGqSxjXxt9t7nQn2ETv55qQqL3w5NatEc811Ffz-NJwU0VQOSUa1HofykM1gBxTluZAXPLP8SoyKnzw1XgbdWnh5HyYAJ3zXp6nN3rpcgeVRDYtMG3KJxQxjGla12e6oVBfpuuKzKWY35Y7NPhAe9oOOrf-OdgHOFe4Ac4xzb~gRT00PxSAwVsUhjSkz-DbIIXf2y7TstQ~rcrvIK5w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33880884-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880883"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880883/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856567/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880883/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The presents work includes experimental study on enhancement in behavior of conventional brick co...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The presents work includes experimental study on enhancement in behavior of conventional brick columns under compressive as well as eccentric load with and without ferrocement encasement. The experimental program includes testing of column specimens having square and rectangular cross sections under axial compressive loadings and eccentric loading. The test samples comprise of six designation series for both rectangular and square shapes to make comparative study between conventionally used brick masonry columns and columns encased with welded steel mesh with spacing (19.05X19.05)mm. The main variables are the gauge of wire mesh, shape of cross section of columns and type of loading (axial/eccentric). The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of employing the wire mesh in reinforcing the conventional brick columns. The results of experiments are reported and discussed including strength, cracking and failure patterns. The results proved that encased brick columns can be developed with high strength, resistance to crack propagation and decrease in width of crack as compared to plain specimen. However, premature failure is possible when bond at the interface of brick masonry column and ferrocement is poor<br />Keywords: ferrocement, wiremesh, confinement, axial load, eccentric load.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f564a84d32302400ef04fc6a1dc9162e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856567,"asset_id":33880883,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856567/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880883"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880883"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880883; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880883]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880883]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880883; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880883']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f564a84d32302400ef04fc6a1dc9162e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880883]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880883,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The presents work includes experimental study on enhancement in behavior of conventional brick columns under compressive as well as eccentric load with and without ferrocement encasement. The experimental program includes testing of column specimens having square and rectangular cross sections under axial compressive loadings and eccentric loading. The test samples comprise of six designation series for both rectangular and square shapes to make comparative study between conventionally used brick masonry columns and columns encased with welded steel mesh with spacing (19.05X19.05)mm. The main variables are the gauge of wire mesh, shape of cross section of columns and type of loading (axial/eccentric). The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of employing the wire mesh in reinforcing the conventional brick columns. The results of experiments are reported and discussed including strength, cracking and failure patterns. The results proved that encased brick columns can be developed with high strength, resistance to crack propagation and decrease in width of crack as compared to plain specimen. However, premature failure is possible when bond at the interface of brick masonry column and ferrocement is poor\nKeywords: ferrocement, wiremesh, confinement, axial load, eccentric load."},"translated_abstract":"The presents work includes experimental study on enhancement in behavior of conventional brick columns under compressive as well as eccentric load with and without ferrocement encasement. The experimental program includes testing of column specimens having square and rectangular cross sections under axial compressive loadings and eccentric loading. The test samples comprise of six designation series for both rectangular and square shapes to make comparative study between conventionally used brick masonry columns and columns encased with welded steel mesh with spacing (19.05X19.05)mm. The main variables are the gauge of wire mesh, shape of cross section of columns and type of loading (axial/eccentric). The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of employing the wire mesh in reinforcing the conventional brick columns. The results of experiments are reported and discussed including strength, cracking and failure patterns. The results proved that encased brick columns can be developed with high strength, resistance to crack propagation and decrease in width of crack as compared to plain specimen. However, premature failure is possible when bond at the interface of brick masonry column and ferrocement is poor\nKeywords: ferrocement, wiremesh, confinement, axial load, eccentric load.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880883/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:02.918-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856567,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856567/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856567/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856567/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225-libre.pdf?1500026177=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=Bp4Zl5GySnUPG4ydAaB7Z~zLO7yAdXtCv1hb5l340e8PTTxGpEIynKT5ZMas46IS0-p~8arRmpgZrC5v9g4vc0pWT6X9QuyhCOnTmN4LRNeJ6DFnO0lWv1aVq2YFqGfddQ3TQlieCDW2yj-JCuwu4bb5FMOyqhq2VOh~BBr9lDxH~IRrZ~v0JYCDqGhQHNdXaS4QsYj8aTEcmceKzv59kTozp~mlfnkAXTpU48M~OeaNVEh58zDDzACElCuge9aP6sXDyOBR7hht8fFg6MgODROFs0Ced3DP0dR2VgkqGzoes4xkHu8acGVV0xknJ3MOpXUTCJDbnGSzDlScmT0D1Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":5,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The presents work includes experimental study on enhancement in behavior of conventional brick columns under compressive as well as eccentric load with and without ferrocement encasement. The experimental program includes testing of column specimens having square and rectangular cross sections under axial compressive loadings and eccentric loading. The test samples comprise of six designation series for both rectangular and square shapes to make comparative study between conventionally used brick masonry columns and columns encased with welded steel mesh with spacing (19.05X19.05)mm. The main variables are the gauge of wire mesh, shape of cross section of columns and type of loading (axial/eccentric). The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of employing the wire mesh in reinforcing the conventional brick columns. The results of experiments are reported and discussed including strength, cracking and failure patterns. The results proved that encased brick columns can be developed with high strength, resistance to crack propagation and decrease in width of crack as compared to plain specimen. However, premature failure is possible when bond at the interface of brick masonry column and ferrocement is poor\nKeywords: ferrocement, wiremesh, confinement, axial load, eccentric load.","owner":{"id":59085876,"first_name":"EditorIJEE","middle_initials":"","last_name":"RajuAedla","page_name":"DrRajuAedla","domain_name":"nitk","created_at":"2017-01-20T00:43:33.935-08:00","display_name":"EditorIJEE RajuAedla","url":"https://nitk.academia.edu/DrRajuAedla"},"attachments":[{"id":53856567,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856567/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856567/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856567/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0225-libre.pdf?1500026177=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0225_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743133439\u0026Signature=Bp4Zl5GySnUPG4ydAaB7Z~zLO7yAdXtCv1hb5l340e8PTTxGpEIynKT5ZMas46IS0-p~8arRmpgZrC5v9g4vc0pWT6X9QuyhCOnTmN4LRNeJ6DFnO0lWv1aVq2YFqGfddQ3TQlieCDW2yj-JCuwu4bb5FMOyqhq2VOh~BBr9lDxH~IRrZ~v0JYCDqGhQHNdXaS4QsYj8aTEcmceKzv59kTozp~mlfnkAXTpU48M~OeaNVEh58zDDzACElCuge9aP6sXDyOBR7hht8fFg6MgODROFs0Ced3DP0dR2VgkqGzoes4xkHu8acGVV0xknJ3MOpXUTCJDbnGSzDlScmT0D1Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33880881"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880881/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856570/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880881/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf">10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Research is being undertaken to find an alternate material to steel in reinforced concrete elemen...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Research is being undertaken to find an alternate material to steel in reinforced concrete elements. Bamboo has emerged as a possible material, which can be used as an alternative to steel. Present research work involves both experimental and analytical studies. In experimental study, various physical and mechanical properties of bamboo were evaluated. A comparative study was conducted on bamboo reinforced concrete beam and steel reinforced concrete beam, in terms of flexural strength, shear strength and bond strength. In analytical study, finite element modelling of PC, RC and BRC beams were performed using commercially available finite element software, ABAQUS. Results obtained from experiments were used as input for modelling.<br />Keywords: Modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, Flexural strength, Shear strength, Bond strength, FEM, ABAQUS</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a23ae7a38267d8ed8e81a6e2528bf56d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53856570,"asset_id":33880881,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856570/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33880881"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33880881"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880881; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880881]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33880881]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33880881; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33880881']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a23ae7a38267d8ed8e81a6e2528bf56d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33880881]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33880881,"title":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Research is being undertaken to find an alternate material to steel in reinforced concrete elements. Bamboo has emerged as a possible material, which can be used as an alternative to steel. Present research work involves both experimental and analytical studies. In experimental study, various physical and mechanical properties of bamboo were evaluated. A comparative study was conducted on bamboo reinforced concrete beam and steel reinforced concrete beam, in terms of flexural strength, shear strength and bond strength. In analytical study, finite element modelling of PC, RC and BRC beams were performed using commercially available finite element software, ABAQUS. Results obtained from experiments were used as input for modelling.\nKeywords: Modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, Flexural strength, Shear strength, Bond strength, FEM, ABAQUS","ai_title_tag":"Bamboo as a Steel Alternative in Reinforced Concrete Structures"},"translated_abstract":"Research is being undertaken to find an alternate material to steel in reinforced concrete elements. Bamboo has emerged as a possible material, which can be used as an alternative to steel. Present research work involves both experimental and analytical studies. In experimental study, various physical and mechanical properties of bamboo were evaluated. A comparative study was conducted on bamboo reinforced concrete beam and steel reinforced concrete beam, in terms of flexural strength, shear strength and bond strength. In analytical study, finite element modelling of PC, RC and BRC beams were performed using commercially available finite element software, ABAQUS. Results obtained from experiments were used as input for modelling.\nKeywords: Modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, Flexural strength, Shear strength, Bond strength, FEM, ABAQUS","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880881/10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-14T02:53:02.620-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":59085876,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53856570,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53856570/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53856570/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53856570/10.21276ijee.2017.10.0223-libre.pdf?1500026181=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf.pdf\u0026Expires=1743157804\u0026Signature=aB4TNOW9sXo2NYRpXT1T1xJw9chyFyNt-WL-hwV3XE8r9~cj0bPzIulSJOX7HtNrtEzWIlxb5AUbC~PL2nr4A1Hx1hHYHEajERzVNvoSwLU1AuVNahXJhRFFHg2EO~g0AeXfx-5LMi87~VedzHVPbJpx1ej9bjFVZCKSk9ML21czlJnvEje~xm6ppdZerwjALc51gdoZA~e2zq2EEy4N7Jlxapf3awCkUBGOBw-jHJg7nS0InYOe8c3WYXtAlEMGc2933milXGX-XH64eD5YvMQzXoVl2wgt-A3Ba4O0qqVRhj8QM4pjCp-~GplDSBFgOLWD8tSodFRAqvFNFKL7Fg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"10_21276ijee_2017_10_0223_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Research is being undertaken to find an alternate material to steel in reinforced concrete elements. Bamboo has emerged as a possible material, which can be used as an alternative to steel. Present research work involves both experimental and analytical studies. In experimental study, various physical and mechanical properties of bamboo were evaluated. A comparative study was conducted on bamboo reinforced concrete beam and steel reinforced concrete beam, in terms of flexural strength, shear strength and bond strength. In analytical study, finite element modelling of PC, RC and BRC beams were performed using commercially available finite element software, ABAQUS. 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