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<!doctype html><html><head><title>View article</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="referrer" content="always"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,maximum-scale=2"><meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"><meta name="description" content="‪CJL Murray, AY Aravkin, P Zheng, C Abbafati, KM Abbas, M Abbasi-Kangevari, F Abd-Allah, A Abdelalim, M Abdollahi, I Abdollahpour…‬, ‪The lancet, 2020‬ - ‪Cited by 6,857‬"><meta property="og:description" content="‪CJL Murray, AY Aravkin, P Zheng, C Abbafati, KM Abbas, M Abbasi-Kangevari, F Abd-Allah, A Abdelalim, M Abdollahi, I Abdollahpour…‬, ‪The lancet, 2020‬ - ‪Cited by 6,857‬"><meta property="og:title" content="‪Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 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role="main"><div id="gsc_vcpb" data-edit-link="/citations?view_op=edit_citation&hl=en&user=_lGx0ZgAAAAJ&citation_for_view=_lGx0ZgAAAAJ:1EqfMoDn7-AC&citation_for_view=_lGx0ZgAAAAJ:1EqfMoDn7-AC&back_view_op=view_citation"><form method="post" id="gsc_vcpb_btns" action="/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en"><input type="hidden" name="xsrf" value="ADIE8skAAAAAZ0je2K5lbHOMRCgBePZKAUxBreI"><input type="hidden" name="s" value="_lGx0ZgAAAAJ:1EqfMoDn7-AC"><input type="hidden" name="continue" value="/citations?view_op=list_works&hl=en&hl=en&user=_lGx0ZgAAAAJ"></form><div id="gsc_oci_title_wrapper"><div id="gsc_oci_title_gg"><div class="gsc_oci_title_ggi"><a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/piis0140-6736(20)30752-2/fulltext" data-clk="hl=en&sa=T&ei=WI1HZ5yMNqm-y9YP7_zFiAE"><span class='gsc_vcd_title_ggt'>[HTML]</span> from thelancet.com</a></div></div><div id="gsc_oci_title"><a class="gsc_oci_title_link" href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/piis0140-6736(20)30752-2/fulltext" data-clk="hl=en&sa=T&ei=WI1HZ5yMNqm-y9YP7_zFiAE">Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019</a></div></div><div id="gsc_oci_table"><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Authors</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">Christopher JL Murray, Aleksandr Y Aravkin, Peng Zheng, Cristiana Abbafati, Kaja M Abbas, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Foad Abd-Allah, Ahmed Abdelalim, Mohammad Abdollahi, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Hassan Abolhassani, Victor Aboyans, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Michael RM Abrigo, Ahmed Abualhasan, Laith Jamal Abu-Raddad, Abdelrahman I Abushouk, Maryam Adabi, Victor Adekanmbi, Abiodun Moshood Adeoye, Olatunji O Adetokunboh, Davoud Adham, Shailesh M Advani, Gina Agarwal, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir, Anurag Agrawal, Tauseef Ahmad, Keivan Ahmadi, Mehdi Ahmadi, Hamid Ahmadieh, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Rufus Olusola Akinyemi, Tomi Akinyemiju, Blessing Akombi, Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna, Fares Alahdab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Khurshid Alam, Samiah Alam, Tahiya Alam, Fahad Mashhour Alanezi, Turki M Alanzi, Biresaw wassihun Alemu, Khalid F Alhabib, Muhammad Ali, Saqib Ali, Gianfranco Alicandro, Cyrus Alinia, Vahid Alipour, Hesam Alizade, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, François Alla, Peter Allebeck, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi, Jordi Alonso, Khalid A Altirkawi, Mostafa Amini-Rarani, Fatemeh Amiri, Dickson A Amugsi, Robert Ancuceanu, Deanna Anderlini, Jason A Anderson, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Colin Angus, Mina Anjomshoa, Fereshteh Ansari, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo, Carl Abelardo T Antonio, Catherine M Antony, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Davood Anvari, Razique Anwer, Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah, Jalal Arabloo, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Filippo Ariani, Bahram Armoon, Johan Ärnlöv, Afsaneh Arzani, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Ali A Asadi-Pooya, Charlie Ashbaugh, Michael Assmus, Zahra Atafar, Desta Debalkie Atnafu, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout, Floriane Ausloos, Marcel Ausloos, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Getinet Ayano, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Samad Azari, Ghasem Azarian, Zelalem Nigussie Azene, Alaa Badawi, Ashish D Badiye, Mohammad Amin Bahrami, Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei, Ahad Bakhtiari, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Alberto Baldasseroni, Kylie Ball, Shoshana H Ballew, Daniela Balzi, Maciej Banach, Srikanta K Banerjee, Agegnehu Bante Bante, Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki, Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Lope H Barrero, Celine M Barthelemy, Lingkan Barua, Sanjay Basu, Bernhard T Baune, Mohsen Bayati, Jacob S Becker, Neeraj Bedi, Ettore Beghi, Yannick Béjot, Michellr L Bell, Fiona B Bennitt, Isabela M Bensenor, Kidanemaryam Berhe, Adam E Berman, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Reshmi Bhageerathy, Neeraj Bhala, Dinesh Bhandari, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Ali Bijani, Boris Bikbov, Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed, Antonio Biondi, Binyam Minuye Birihane, Catherine Bisignano, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Helen Bitew, Somayeh Bohlouli, Mehdi Bohluli, Alexandra S Boon-Dooley, Guilherme Borges, Antonio Maria Borzì, Shiva Borzouei</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Publication date</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">2020/10/17</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Journal</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">The lancet</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Volume</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">396</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Issue</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">10258</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Pages</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">1223-1249</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Publisher</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">Elsevier</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Description</div><div class="gsc_oci_value" id="gsc_oci_descr"><div class="gsh_small"><div class="gsh_h3 gsh_flh">Background</div><div class="gsh_csp">Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease.</div><div class="gsh_h3">Methods</div><div class="gsh_csp">GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at the global level, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories. GBD uses a hierarchical list of risk factors so that specific risk factors (eg, sodium intake), and related aggregates (eg, diet quality), are both evaluated. This method has six …</div></div></div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Total citations</div><div class="gsc_oci_value"><div style="margin-bottom:1em"><a href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=17314214697049717822,9193435609665828500,13400143268132617434,2165386592333996546,1430504057874212223&as_sdt=5">Cited by 6857</a></div><div id="gsc_oci_graph_wrapper"><div id="gsc_oci_graph" style="width:178px;"><div id="gsc_oci_graph_x"></div><div id="gsc_oci_graph_bars"><span class="gsc_oci_g_t" style="left:0px">2020</span><span class="gsc_oci_g_t" style="left:33px">2021</span><span class="gsc_oci_g_t" style="left:66px">2022</span><span class="gsc_oci_g_t" style="left:99px">2023</span><span class="gsc_oci_g_t" style="left:132px">2024</span><a href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=17314214697049717822,9193435609665828500,13400143268132617434,2165386592333996546,1430504057874212223&as_sdt=5&as_ylo=2020&as_yhi=2020" class="gsc_oci_g_a" style="left:5px;height:3px;top:54px;z-index:5"><span class="gsc_oci_g_al">98</span></a><a href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=17314214697049717822,9193435609665828500,13400143268132617434,2165386592333996546,1430504057874212223&as_sdt=5&as_ylo=2021&as_yhi=2021" class="gsc_oci_g_a" style="left:38px;height:22px;top:35px;z-index:4"><span class="gsc_oci_g_al">806</span></a><a href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=17314214697049717822,9193435609665828500,13400143268132617434,2165386592333996546,1430504057874212223&as_sdt=5&as_ylo=2022&as_yhi=2022" class="gsc_oci_g_a" style="left:71px;height:46px;top:11px;z-index:3"><span class="gsc_oci_g_al">1732</span></a><a href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=17314214697049717822,9193435609665828500,13400143268132617434,2165386592333996546,1430504057874212223&as_sdt=5&as_ylo=2023&as_yhi=2023" class="gsc_oci_g_a" style="left:104px;height:54px;top:3px;z-index:2"><span class="gsc_oci_g_al">2020</span></a><a href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=17314214697049717822,9193435609665828500,13400143268132617434,2165386592333996546,1430504057874212223&as_sdt=5&as_ylo=2024&as_yhi=2024" class="gsc_oci_g_a" style="left:137px;height:57px;top:0px;z-index:1"><span class="gsc_oci_g_al">2127</span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Scholar articles</div><div class="gsc_oci_value"><div class="gsc_oci_merged_snippet"><div><a href="/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=17314214697049717822&btnI=1&hl=en">Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019</a></div><div>CJL Murray, AY Aravkin, P Zheng, C Abbafati… - The lancet, 2020</div><div><a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=17314214697049717822&as_sdt=5">Cited by 6667</a> <a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&q=related:Pvx-RohySPAJ:scholar.google.com/">Related articles</a> <a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cluster=17314214697049717822">All 126 versions</a> </div></div><div class="gsc_oci_merged_snippet"><div><a href="/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=9193435609665828500&btnI=1&hl=en">Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019</a></div><div>GBD Collaborators, J Ärnlöv - The Lancet, 2020</div><div><a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=9193435609665828500&as_sdt=5">Cited by 386</a> <a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&q=related:lPaOY_qklX8J:scholar.google.com/">Related articles</a> <a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cluster=9193435609665828500">All 3 versions</a> </div></div><div class="gsc_oci_merged_snippet"><div><a href="/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=13400143268132617434&btnI=1&hl=en">& Borzouei, S.(2020). Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019</a><span class="gsc_oms_mm">*</span></div><div>CJ Murray, AY Aravkin, P Zheng, C Abbafati, KM Abbas… - The lancet</div><div><a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=13400143268132617434&as_sdt=5">Cited by 56</a> <a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&q=related:2vxiLE7f9rkJ:scholar.google.com/">Related articles</a> </div></div><div class="gsc_oci_merged_snippet"><div><a href="/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=2165386592333996546&btnI=1&hl=en">Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019</a><span class="gsc_oms_mm">*</span></div><div>GBD 2019 Demographics Collaborators - 2020</div><div><a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cites=2165386592333996546&as_sdt=5">Cited by 1</a> <a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&q=related:AiJ2DaL_DB4J:scholar.google.com/">Related articles</a> </div></div><div class="gsc_oci_merged_snippet"><div><a href="/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=1430504057874212223&btnI=1&hl=en">Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019</a></div><div>C JL Murray, AY Aravkin, P Zheng, C Abbafati… - 2020</div><div><a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&q=related:f-VYi9wr2hMJ:scholar.google.com/">Related articles</a> </div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="gs_ftr_sp" role="presentation"></div><div id="gs_ftr" class="gs_md_rmb" role="contentinfo"><div id="gs_ftr_rt"><a href="//www.google.co.in/intl/en/policies/privacy/">Privacy</a><a href="//www.google.co.in/intl/en/policies/terms/">Terms</a><a href="javascript:void(0)" ontouchstart="gs_evt_dsp(event)" role="button" aria-controls="gs_ftr_mnu" aria-haspopup="true" class="gs_press gs_md_tb">Help</a></div><div id="gs_ftr_mnu" class="gs_md_d gs_md_ds gs_ttzi gs_md_ulr" role="menu" tabindex="-1"><a role="menuitem" href="/intl/en/scholar/about.html" tabindex="-1" class="gs_md_li">About Scholar</a><a role="menuitem" href="//support.google.com/websearch?p=scholar_dsa&hl=en" tabindex="-1" class="gs_md_li">Search help</a></div></div></div></body></html>