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consumption</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: alcohol consumption"> <meta name="keywords" content="alcohol consumption"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="alcohol consumption"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3924</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: alcohol consumption</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3924</span> Divulging Discursive Constructions On Alcohol Consumption Among Filipino Men Who Are Recovering From Alcoholism: A Foucauldian Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quervin%20Zacary%20M.%20Roldan">Quervin Zacary M. Roldan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gwyneth%20Gabrielle%20M.%20Fajardo"> Gwyneth Gabrielle M. Fajardo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carmela%20M.%20Maciar"> Carmela M. Maciar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alcohol in the Philippines is regarded as a part of their culture however, it is also stigmatized, as alcohol addiction is prevalent among Filipino Males leading them to develop Alcohol Use Disorder. With this, Discourses of alcohol consumption from Individuals recovering from AUD from different rehabilitation centers in the Philippines were analyzed in the study to explore how they ‘talk’ about their alcohol consumption. By utilizing the Foucauldian Discourse Analysis following the six steps by Carla Willig, four (4) major discourses were major construed by the recovering individuals of AUD which are: (1) Being alcohol-free was a dream, (2) Drinking alcohol turns you into a demon that will destroy your life, (3) Drinking alcohol as ‘doing’ drugs and (4) Alcohol is a temporary solution. These discourses construct alcohol consumption as something that is being referred to as a 'bad' substance which is both normalized and stigmatized in Philippine society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title="alcohol">alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20consumption" title=" alcohol consumption"> alcohol consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol-based%20beverages" title=" alcohol-based beverages"> alcohol-based beverages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20effects" title=" psychological effects"> psychological effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse" title=" discourse"> discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20use%20disorder" title=" alcohol use disorder"> alcohol use disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stigma" title=" stigma"> stigma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148179/divulging-discursive-constructions-on-alcohol-consumption-among-filipino-men-who-are-recovering-from-alcoholism-a-foucauldian-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3923</span> The Influence of Gender and Harmful Alcohol Consumption on Academic Performance in Spanish University Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Rodr%C3%ADguez">M. S. Rodríguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Cadaveira"> F. Cadaveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20P%C3%A1ramo"> M. F. Páramo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> First year university students comprise one of the groups most likely to indulge in hazardous alcohol consumption. The transition from secondary school to university presents a range of academic, social and developmental challenges requiring new responses that will meet the demands of this highly competitive environment. The main purpose of this research was to analyze the influence of gender and hazardous alcohol consumption on academic performance of 300 university students in Spain in a three-year follow-up study. Alcohol consumption was measured using the Alcohol Use Identification Test (AUDIT), and the average university grades were provided by the Academic Management Services of the University. Analysis of variance showed that the level of alcohol consumption significantly affected academic performance. Students undertaking hazardous alcohol consumption obtained the lowest grades during the first three years at university. These effects were particularly marked in the sample of women with a hazardous pattern of alcohol consumption, although the interaction between gender and this type of consumption was not significant. The study highlights the impact of hazardous alcohol consumption on the academic trajectory of university students. The findings confirm that alcohol consumption predicts poor academic performance in first year students and that the low level of performance is maintained throughout the university career. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20performance" title="academic performance">academic performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20consumption" title=" alcohol consumption"> alcohol consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20students" title=" university students"> university students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49985/the-influence-of-gender-and-harmful-alcohol-consumption-on-academic-performance-in-spanish-university-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3922</span> A Phenomenological Exploration of Alcohol Consumption Patterns and Problems Among Male Students at the University of Kwazulu-Natal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaiah%20Phillip%20Smith">Isaiah Phillip Smith</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is reported that alcohol consumption accounts for 3 million annual deaths globally, thus, it is a significant public health challenge internationally. The excessive consumption of alcohol is argued in literature to be related to problematic behaviors like crime, accident, fighting, violence, and unprotected sex, among others. Alcohol consumption among university students in South Africa particularly is considered endemic – with a prevalence rate of 25.27%, 32.34%, and 23.34% across universities, colleges, and high schools. Adopting the tenets of social learning and ecological theories, the culture of drinking amongst male university students is critically explored. This study found that age, gender, early exposure to alcohol, and peer pressure are significant factors contributing to alcohol consumption amongst university students. While participants acknowledged that moderate and responsible consumption of alcohol is necessary, they agree that it does not translate to responsible drinking behaviours. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title="alcohol">alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drinking" title=" drinking"> drinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university" title=" university"> university</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students" title=" students"> students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156469/a-phenomenological-exploration-of-alcohol-consumption-patterns-and-problems-among-male-students-at-the-university-of-kwazulu-natal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3921</span> Study of Factors Linked to Alcohol Consumption among Young People from the Lycée De La Convivialité De Kanyosha in Burundi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niyiragira%20Sixte">Niyiragira Sixte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jules%20Verne%20Nakimana"> Jules Verne Nakimana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Alcoholism is gradually becoming a public health issue due to its frequency, which continues to increase, especially in schools and at young ages. The general objective of the study was to contribute to the determination of the factors associated with alcohol consumption among young people. Methodology: This descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study entitled “Study of factors associated with alcohol consumption among young people aged 15 to 24. The study was conducted using a non-probability method, and the sampling technique was for convenience. The data collection technique used was the survey by questionnaire and the exploitation of the documentary. Microsoft Word 2013, Microsoft Excel 2.13 and EPI INFO7 software were used for this purpose. Results: The results of in study showed that 43.36% of the students surveyed took alcohol, and the factors associated with alcohol consumption are: religion, smoking and influence from friends. Conclusion: The prevalence of alcohol consumption among young people is very high, and awareness is more than necessary to prevent alcohol-related harm among young people. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption" title="consumption">consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title=" alcohol"> alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=young%20people" title=" young people"> young people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors" title=" factors"> factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172189/study-of-factors-linked-to-alcohol-consumption-among-young-people-from-the-lycee-de-la-convivialite-de-kanyosha-in-burundi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172189.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3920</span> Association of Alcohol Consumption with Active Tuberculosis in Taiwanese Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yung-Feng%20Yen">Yung-Feng Yen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yun-Ju%20Lai"> Yun-Ju Lai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Animal studies have shown that alcohol exposure may cause immunosuppression and increase the susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) infection. However, the temporality of alcohol consumption with subsequent TB development remains unclear. This nationwide population-based cohort study aimed to investigate the impact of alcohol exposure on TB development in Taiwanese adults. Methods: We included 46 196 adult participants from three rounds (2001, 2005, 2009) of the Taiwan National Health Interview Survey. Alcohol consumption was classified into heavy, regular, social, or never alcohol use. Heavy alcohol consumption was defined as intoxication at least once/week. Alcohol consumption and other covariates were collected by in-person interviews at baseline. Incident cases of active TB were identified from the National Health Insurance database. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the association between alcohol consumption and active TB, with adjustment for age, sex, smoking, socioeconomic status, and other covariates. Results: A total of 279 new cases of active TB occurred during the study follow-up period. Heavy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 5.21; 95% confident interval [CI], 2.41-11.26) and regular alcohol use (AOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.26-2.38) were associated with higher risks of incident TB after adjusting for the subject demographics and comorbidities. Moreover, a strong dose-response effect was observed between increasing alcohol consumption and incident TB (AOR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.59-3.21; P <.001). Conclusion: Heavy and regular alcohol consumption were associated with higher risks of active TB. Future TB control programs should consider strategies to lower the overall level of alcohol consumption to reduce the TB disease burden. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20consumption" title="alcohol consumption">alcohol consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuberculosis" title=" tuberculosis"> tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor" title=" risk factor"> risk factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohort%20study" title=" cohort study"> cohort study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75330/association-of-alcohol-consumption-with-active-tuberculosis-in-taiwanese-adults-a-nationwide-population-based-cohort-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75330.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3919</span> Effects of Harmful Alcohol Consumption and Gender on Academic and Personal-Emotional Adjustment in First Year University Students in Spain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20P%C3%A1ramo">M. F. Páramo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Cadaveira"> F. Cadaveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Rodr%C3%ADguez"> M. S. Rodríguez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The first year at university is a critical period for personal-emotional and academic adjustment in emerging adults. Moreover, some studies show that alcohol consumption increases in young adults on transition to university. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of hazardous alcohol consumption and gender on adjustment to university, understood as a multidimensional construct involving an array of demands. A sample of 300 first year students in Spain completed the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Examination of the data by analysis of variance revealed that adjustment to university was lower in the students undertaking hazardous alcohol consumption than in the other students. Surprisingly, the personal-emotional adjustment of students with hazardous alcohol consumption was not lower than in the other students. Analysis of the gender effect revealed that levels of personal-emotional adjustment were higher in males than in females. This is our first study examining the influence of alcohol consumption on university adjustment. Future research should examine this relationship more closely, with the aim of designing public health strategies focused on limiting abusive consumption of alcohol in university students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20consumption" title="alcohol consumption">alcohol consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=first%20year%20university%20students" title=" first year university students"> first year university students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SACQ" title=" SACQ"> SACQ</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49983/effects-of-harmful-alcohol-consumption-and-gender-on-academic-and-personal-emotional-adjustment-in-first-year-university-students-in-spain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3918</span> Predicting Intention and Readiness to Alcohol Consumption Reduction and Cessation among Thai Teenagers Using Scales Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rewadee%20Watakakosol">Rewadee Watakakosol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arunya%20Tuicomepee"> Arunya Tuicomepee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panrapee%20Suttiwan"> Panrapee Suttiwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakkaphat%20T.%20Ngamake"> Sakkaphat T. Ngamake</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Health problems caused by alcohol consumption not only have short-term effects at the time of drinking but also leave long-lasting health conditions. Teenagers who start drinking in their middle-high or high school years or before entering college have higher likelihood to increase their alcohol use and abuse, and they were found to be less healthy compared with their non-drinking peers when entering adulthood. This study aimed to examine factors that predict intention and readiness to reduce and quit alcohol consumption among Thai teenagers. Participants were 826 high-school and vocational school students, most of whom were females (64.4%) with the average age of 16.4 (SD = 0.9) and the average age of first drinking at 13.7 (SD = 2.2). Instruments included the scales that developed based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour theoretical framework. They were the Attitude toward Alcohol Reduction and Cessation Scale, Normative Group and Influence Scale, Perceived Behavioral Control toward Alcohol Reduction and Cessation Scale, Behavioral Intent toward Alcohol Reduction and Cessation Scale, and Readiness to Reduce and Quit Alcohol Consumption Scale. Findings revealed that readiness to reduce / quit alcohol was the most powerful predictive factor (β=. 53, p < .01), followed by attitude of easiness in alcohol reduction and cessation (β=.46, p < .01), perceived behavioral control toward alcohol reduction and cessation (β =.41, p < .01), normative group and influence (β=.15, p < .01), and attitude of being accepted from alcohol reduction and cessation (β = -.12, p < .01), respectively. Attitude of improved health after alcohol reduction and cessation did not show statistically significantly predictive power. All factors significantly predict teenagers’ alcohol reduction and cessation behavior and accounted for 59 percent of total variance of alcohol consumption reduction and cessation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20consumption%20reduction%20and%20cessation" title="alcohol consumption reduction and cessation">alcohol consumption reduction and cessation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intention" title=" intention"> intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=readiness%20to%20change" title=" readiness to change"> readiness to change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai%20teenagers" title=" Thai teenagers"> Thai teenagers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71231/predicting-intention-and-readiness-to-alcohol-consumption-reduction-and-cessation-among-thai-teenagers-using-scales-based-on-the-theory-of-planned-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3917</span> About Some Results of the Determination of Alcohol in Moroccan Gasoline-Alcohol Mixtures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahacine%20Amrani">Mahacine Amrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A simple and rapid method for the determination of alcohol in gasoline-alcohol mixtures using density measurements is described. The method can determine a minimum of 1% of alcohol by volume. The precision of the method is ± 3%.The method is more useful for field test in the quality assessment of alcohol blended fuels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gasoline-alcohol" title="gasoline-alcohol">gasoline-alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixture" title=" mixture"> mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20determination" title=" alcohol determination"> alcohol determination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title=" density"> density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement" title=" measurement"> measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morocco" title=" Morocco"> Morocco</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36969/about-some-results-of-the-determination-of-alcohol-in-moroccan-gasoline-alcohol-mixtures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3916</span> Alcohol and Soda Consumption of University Students in Manila</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexi%20Colleen%20F.%20Lim">Alexi Colleen F. Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inna%20Felicia%20I.%20Agoncillo"> Inna Felicia I. Agoncillo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quenniejoy%20T.%20Dizon"> Quenniejoy T. Dizon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20Joyce%20T.%20Eti"> Jennifer Joyce T. Eti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlota%20Aileen%20H.%20Monares"> Carlota Aileen H. Monares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neil%20Roy%20B.%20Rosales"> Neil Roy B. Rosales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joshua%20F.%20Santillan"> Joshua F. Santillan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alyssa%20Francesca%20D.%20S.%20Tanchuling"> Alyssa Francesca D. S. Tanchuling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josefina%20A.%20Tuazon"> Josefina A. Tuazon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Joan%20Therese%20C.%20Valera-Kourdache"> Mary Joan Therese C. Valera-Kourdache</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Majority of leading causes of mortality in the Philippines are NCDs, which are preventable through control of known risk factors such as smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, and alcohol. Sugar-sweetened beverages such as soda and energy drinks also contribute to NCD risk and are of concern particularly for youth. This study provides baseline data on beverage consumption of university students in Manila with the focus on alcohol and soda. It further aims to identify factors affecting consumption. Specific objectives include: (1) to describe beverage consumption practices of university students in Manila; and (2) to determine factors promoting excessive consumption of alcohol and soda including demographic characteristics, attitude, interpersonal and environmental variables. Methods: The study employed correlational design with randomly selected students from two universities in Manila. Students 18 years or older who agreed to participate were included after obtaining ethical clearance. The study had two instruments: (1) World Health Organization’s Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used with permission, to determine excessive alcohol consumption; and (2) a questionnaire to obtain information regarding soda and energy drink consumption. Results: Out of 400 students surveyed, 70% were female and 78.75% were 18-20 years old (mean=19.79; SD=3.76). Among them, 51.50% consumed alcohol, with 30.10% excessive drinkers. Soda consumption is 91.50% with 37.70% excessive consumers. For energy drinks, 36.75% consume this and only 4.76% drink excessively. Using logistic regression, students who were more likely to be excessive alcohol drinkers belonged to non-health courses (OR=2.21) and purchased alcohol from bars (OR=7.84). Less likely to drink excessively are students who do not drink due to stress (OR=0.05) and drink when it is accessible (OR=0.02). Excessive soda consumption was less likely for female students (OR=0.28), those who drink when it is accessible (OR=0.14), do not drink soda during stressful situations (OR=0.19), and do not use soda as hangover treatment (OR=0.15). Conclusion: Excessive alcohol consumption was greater among students in Manila (30.10%) than in US (20%). Drinking alcohol with friends was not related to excessive consumption but availability in bars was. It is expected that health sciences students are less likely to engage in excessive alcohol as they are more aware of its ill effects. Prevalence of soda consumption in Manila (91.50%) is markedly higher compared to 24.5% in the US. These findings can inform schools in developing appropriate health education interventions and policies. For greater understanding of these behaviors and factors, further studies are recommended to explore knowledge and other factors that may promote excessive consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20consumption" title="alcohol consumption">alcohol consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beverage%20consumption" title=" beverage consumption"> beverage consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20drinks%20consumption" title=" energy drinks consumption"> energy drinks consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soda%20consumption" title=" soda consumption"> soda consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20students" title=" university students"> university students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55048/alcohol-and-soda-consumption-of-university-students-in-manila" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3915</span> Influence of Alcohol Consumption on Attention in Wistar Albino Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adekunle%20Adesina">Adekunle Adesina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorcas%20Adesina"> Dorcas Adesina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This Research investigated the influence of alcohol consumption on attention in Wister albino rats. It was designed to test whether or not alcohol consumption affected visual and auditory attention. The sample of this study comprise of 3males albino rats and 3 females albino rats which were randomly assigned to 3 (male/female each) groups, 1, 2 and 3. The first group which was experimental Group 1 received 4ml of alcohol ingestion with cannula twice daily (morning and evening). The second group which was experimental group 2 received 2ml of alcohol ingestion with cannula twice daily (morning and evening). Third group which was the control group only received water (placebo), all these happened within a period of 2 days. Three hypotheses were advanced and testedf in the study. Hypothesis 1 stated that there will be no significant difference between the response speed of albino rats that consume alcohol and those that consume water on visual attention using 5-CSRTT. This was confirmed (DF (2, 9) = 0.72, P <.05). Hypothesis 2 stated that albino rats who consumed alcohol will perform better than those who consume water on auditory accuracy using 5-CSRTT. This was also tested but not confirmed (DF (2, 9) = 2.10, P< .05). The third hypothesis which stated that female albino rats who consumed alcohol would not perform better than male albino rats who consumed alcohol on auditory accuracy using 5-CSRTT was tested and not confirmed. (DF (4) = 0.17, P < .05). Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and T-test for independent measures. It was therefore recommended that government policies and programs should be directed at reducing to the barest minimum the rate of alcohol consumption especially among males as it is detrimental to the human auditory attentional organ. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title="alcohol">alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention" title=" attention"> attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influence" title=" influence"> influence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rats" title=" rats"> rats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wistar" title=" Wistar"> Wistar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77351/influence-of-alcohol-consumption-on-attention-in-wistar-albino-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3914</span> Frequency of Problem Drinking and Depression in Males with a History of Alcohol Consumption Admitted to a Tertiary Care Setting in Southern Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20H.%20D.%20P.%20Fonseka">N. H. D. P. Fonseka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20H.%20Rajapakse"> I. H. Rajapakse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Dissanayake"> A. S. Dissanayake</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Problem drinking, namely alcohol dependence (AD) and alcohol abuse (AA) are associated with major medical, social and economic adverse consequences. Problem drinking behavior is noted among those admitted to hospitals due to alcohol-related medical/surgical complaints as well as those with unrelated complaints. Literature shows an association between alcohol consumption and depression. Aims of this study were to determine the frequency of problem drinking and depression among males with a history of alcohol consumption tertiary care setting in Southern Sri Lanka. Method: Two-hundred male patients who consumed alcohol, receiving care in medical and surgical wards in Teaching Hospital Galle, were assessed. A validated J12 questionnaire of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview was administered to determine frequency AA and AD. A validated PHQ 9 questionnaire to determine the prevalence and severity of depression. Results: Sixty-three participants (31%) had problem drinking. Of them, 61% had AD, and 39% had AA. Depression was noted in 39 (19%) subjects. In those who reported alcohol consumption not amounting to problem drinking, depression was noted in 23 (16%) participants. Mild depression was seen in 17, moderate in five and moderately severe in one. Among those who had problem drinking, 16 (25%) had depression. Mild depression was seen in four, moderate in seven, moderately severe in three and severe in two. Conclusions: A high proportion alcohol users had problem drinking. Adverse consequences associated with problem drinking places a major strain on the health system especially in a low resource setting where healthcare spending is limited and alcohol cessation support services are not well organised. Thus alcohol consumption and problem drinking behaviour need to be inquired into all medical consultations. Community prevalence of depression in Sri Lanka is approximately 10%. Depression among those consuming alcohol was two times higher compared to the general population. The rates of depression among those with problem drinking were especially high being 2.5 times more common than in the general population. A substantial proportion of these patients with depression had moderately severe or severe depression. When depression coexists with problem drinking, it may increase the tendency to consume alcohol as well as act as a barrier to the success of alcohol cessation interventions. Thus screening all patients who consume alcohol for depression, especially those who are problem drinkers becomes an important step in their clinical evaluation. In addition, in view of the high prevalence of problem drinking and coexistent depression, the need to organize a structured alcohol cessation support service in Sri Lanka as well as the need for increasing access to psychological evaluation and treatment of those with problem drinking are highlighted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20abuse" title="alcohol abuse">alcohol abuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title=" alcohol"> alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problem%20drinking" title=" problem drinking"> problem drinking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89408/frequency-of-problem-drinking-and-depression-in-males-with-a-history-of-alcohol-consumption-admitted-to-a-tertiary-care-setting-in-southern-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89408.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3913</span> Salient Beliefs regarding Alcohol Reduction and Cessation among Thai Teenagers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panrapee%20Suttiwan">Panrapee Suttiwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rewadee%20Watakakosol%20Arunya%20Tuicomepee"> Rewadee Watakakosol Arunya Tuicomepee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakkaphat%20T.%20Ngamake"> Sakkaphat T. Ngamake</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alcohol consumption ranks among the top six of health-risk behaviors that lead to disability and death among Thai teenagers. Underage drinkers have higher health risks than their non-drinking peers do. This study, therefore, aimed to explore salient beliefs of Thai teenagers with alcohol reduction and cessation based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour theoretical framework. Participants were 225 high-school and vocational school students, most of whom (60.9%) consumed alcohol almost daily (5-6 times / week), and one-third of whom (33.8%) reported habitual moderate drink. The average age was 16.5 (SD = 0.9), and the average age of the first use of alcohol was 13.7 (SD = 2.2). Instrument was an open-ended questionnaire that elicited beliefs about having alcohol reduction / cessation in the past 12 months. Findings revealed salient benefit beliefs of alcohol reduction / cessation among the teens such as improved physical and mental health, accident and violence avoidance, less sexual risks, money and time saving, better academic performance, and improved relationships. In contrast, the teens identified several disadvantage beliefs such as deteriorating health, social awkwardness, lack of little fun, excitement, and experience, physical uneasiness, stress, and lack of self-confidence. Salient normative groups for alcohol reduction / cessation included parents, elder relatives, siblings, close friends, teachers, boy / girlfriends, and seniors / juniors at school. Situations influencing alcohol reduction / cessation included quarrels with boy / girlfriends, family conflicts, peer pressure, partying and socializing, festive holidays and anniversary celebration, and visiting entertainment places, etc. This study provides empirical evidence that help to identify normative attitudes towards alcohol reduction / cessation and may thus be an important knowledge for public health campaigns seeking to reduce alcohol consumption in this population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20consumption%20reduction" title="alcohol consumption reduction">alcohol consumption reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cessation" title=" cessation"> cessation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salient%20belief" title=" salient belief"> salient belief</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai%20teenagers" title=" Thai teenagers"> Thai teenagers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71232/salient-beliefs-regarding-alcohol-reduction-and-cessation-among-thai-teenagers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3912</span> The Inception: A University-Wide Research on Alcohol Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robi%20Lou%20Logarta">Robi Lou Logarta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meliz%20Ann%20Marilag"> Meliz Ann Marilag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristyl%20Lee%20Nisnisan"> Kristyl Lee Nisnisan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Lula%20Jr."> Felipe Lula Jr.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, alcohol is consumed widely around the globe for plenty of reasons. College years are the time that the students really decide if whether they will or will not engage into alcohol, although alcohol drinking begins before students arrive at college. The reasons on why college students consume alcohol vary in many categories. The norms on alcohol drinking are addiction, emotional pain reliever, popularity purposes, socialization, and a medium of euphoria for most students; college students in particular are most likely to feel this need. After tons of requirements to be complied and courses to be reviewed, they felt a need for celebration and relaxation which ends up in drinking with college mates and a few old friends. A lot of reasons consist the consumption of alcohol and this research determined the reasons behind the students’ onset for alcohol consumption; the main reason for such action and the experiences they encountered after in-take, furthermore, the correlation of alcohol drinking to the average allowance of the involved participants; Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology Students whether it affects their spending towards alcohol or not. This study assumes that alcohol drinking for MSU-IIT students’ is done to relieve emotional pain caused by flunking in particular subjects as well as dealing with romance, as part of the student body, these acts are noticeable enough which made this hypothesis be formulated. Selected MSU-IIT students were asked about their opinions regarding reasons of alcohol consumption. There were 100 respondents consisting of first year to fifth-year students aging 17-23 years old. Choices were given to the students to mark their most favorable reason for drinking that is adult influence, curiosity, family/personal problems, peer pressure, stress. Using the bar and pie chart illustrations, the collected data was then analyzed and among the given choices, the result has invalidated the hypothesis. The outcome shows that curiosity is the topmost reason why students start to drink and not due to emotional pain. With this, another hypothesis is formulated stating that millennial is a curious generation; this generation has changed the norm of drinking. One of the characteristics of the Y generation is being adventurous which correlates to how they get curious about things and the same goes for alcohol consumption, compared to the latter, this generation can be considered early drinkers in this manner. Therefore, it is concluded that MSU-IIT students which are part of the generation Y are adventurous enough to try unfamiliar beverages to satisfy their curious minds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult%20influence" title="adult influence">adult influence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curiosity" title=" curiosity"> curiosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%2Fpersonal%20problems" title=" family/personal problems"> family/personal problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peer%20pressure" title=" peer pressure"> peer pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53310/the-inception-a-university-wide-research-on-alcohol-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3911</span> Religiosity and Social Factors on Alcohol Use among South African University Students </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Godswill%20Nwabuisi%20Osuafor">Godswill Nwabuisi Osuafor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonto%20Maria%20Maputle"> Sonto Maria Maputle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Abounding studies found that religiosity and social factors modulate alcohol use among university students. However, there is a scarcity of empirical studies examining the protective effects of religiosity and other social factors on alcohol use and abuse in South African universities. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the protective effects of religiosity and roles of social factors on alcohol use among university students. Methodology: A survey on the use of alcohol among 416 university students was conducted using structured questionnaire in 2014. Data were sourced on religiosity and contextual variables. Students were classified as practicing intrinsic religiosity or extrinsic religiosity based on the response to the measures of religiosity. Descriptive, chi square and binary logistic analyses were used in processing the data. Result: Results revealed that alcohol use was associated with religiosity, religion, sex, family history of alcohol use and experimenting with alcohol. Reporting alcohol abuse was significantly predicted by sex, family history of alcohol use and experimenting with alcohol. Religiosity mediated lower alcohol use whereas family history of alcohol use and experimenting with alcohol promoted alcohol use and abuse. Conclusion: Families, religious groups and societal factors may be the specific niches for intervention on alcohol use among university students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religiosity" title="religiosity">religiosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20use" title=" alcohol use"> alcohol use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protective%20factors" title=" protective factors"> protective factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20students" title=" university students"> university students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78416/religiosity-and-social-factors-on-alcohol-use-among-south-african-university-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3910</span> Alcohol and Tobacco Influencing Prevalence of Hypertension among 15-54 Old Indian Men: An Application of Discriminant Analysis Using National Family Health Survey, 2015-16</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chander%20Shekhar">Chander Shekhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeetendra%20Yadav"> Jeetendra Yadav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaziya%20Allarakha"> Shaziya Allarakha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hypertension has been described as an 'iceberg disease' as those who suffered are ignored and hence usually seek healthcare services at a very late stage. It is estimated that more than 2 million Indians are suffering from hypertensive heart disease that contributed to above 0.13 million deaths in 2016. The paper study aims to know the prevalence of Hypertension in India and its variation by socioeconomic backgrounds and to find out risk factors discriminating hypertension with special emphasis on consumption of tobacco and alcohol among men aged 15-54 years in India. The paper uses NFHS (2015-16) data. The paper used binary logistic regression and discriminant analysis to find significant predictors and discriminants of interest. The prevalence of hypertension was 16.5% in the study population. The results suggest that consumption of alcohol and tobacco are significant discriminant characteristics in carrying hypertension irrespective of what socioeconomic background characteristic he possesses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypertention" title="hypertention">hypertention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title=" alcohol"> alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tobacco" title=" tobacco"> tobacco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discriminant" title=" discriminant"> discriminant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100762/alcohol-and-tobacco-influencing-prevalence-of-hypertension-among-15-54-old-indian-men-an-application-of-discriminant-analysis-using-national-family-health-survey-2015-16" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3909</span> Current Judicial Discourse Regarding the Impact of Alcohol Use Disorders on Crime in Canada</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ellen%20McClure">Ellen McClure</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is generally well-known that a number of inmates suffer from some form of substance or alcohol use disorder. This study identifies, analyses, classifies and codifies the most recent Canadian criminal judgments involving an accused diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder specifically. From this research, patterns in judicial discourse and sentencing norms can be established, and these findings can be juxtaposed with existing relevant academic literature, particular attention will be given to this discussion at the sentencing stage, and the subsequent incarceration of those with alcohol use disorders. This topic will be explored with an overarching emphasis on the effects that a lack of conversation regarding a possible correlation between alcohol consumption and crime may have. Although comparisons may be made in order to clarify or highlight certain issues, particular attention will be paid to jurisdictions within Canada. This paper explores the existing judicial discourse in sentencing regarding the relationship between alcohol and crime, and how this might explain the higher incarceration rates of those suffering from alcohol use disorders in Canada. The research questions are as follows: (1) What are the existing judicial discourses in sentencing around the relationship between alcohol and crime? (2) To what extent has the current discourse on alcohol addiction among judges and legal academics contributed to the incarceration of alcoholics?The major findings of this research indicate a strong correlation between a lack of judicial discussion regarding the accused’s alcohol use disorder and an increased tendency to consider an alcohol use disorder as an aggravating factor. Furthermore, it was found that an 82% of judges who discussed the alcohol use disorder meaningfully referred to the disorder as a mitigating factor. This can be compared with 6.7% of judges who referred to the alcohol use disorder as a mitigating factor in cases where the disorder was not meaningfully discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20use%20disorder" title="alcohol use disorder">alcohol use disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=addiction" title=" addiction"> addiction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminal%20justice" title=" criminal justice"> criminal justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=judicial%20discourse" title=" judicial discourse"> judicial discourse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100859/current-judicial-discourse-regarding-the-impact-of-alcohol-use-disorders-on-crime-in-canada" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3908</span> Production of Alcohol from Sweet Potato</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhishek%20S.%20Shete">Abhishek S. Shete</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is nothing new in the use of alcohol made from root crops as a motor fuel. Alcohol is an excellent alternative motor fuel for petrol engines. The reason alcohol fuel has not been fully exploited is that, up until now; gasoline has been cheap, available, and easy to produce. However, nowadays, crude oil is getting scarce, and the historic price difference between alcohol and gasoline is getting narrower. Alcohol fuel can be an important part of the solution for Rwanda because there is tremendous scope to use bulk production of sweet potato into alcohol. The total sweet potato production in both seasons is found to be 1.607.296 tones/year. The average productivity of sweet potato in the country irrespective of seasons is found to be 8.9 tones/ha. If all of the available agricultural surplus were converted to ethanol, alcohol would supply less than 5% of motor fuel needs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20crops" title="root crops">root crops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sweet%20potato" title=" sweet potato"> sweet potato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surplus" title=" surplus"> surplus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title=" alcohol"> alcohol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1974/production-of-alcohol-from-sweet-potato" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3907</span> A Study of Blood Alcohol Concentration in People Arrested for Various Offences and Its Demographic Pattern</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tabin%20Millo">Tabin Millo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khoob%20Chand"> Khoob Chand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashok%20Kumar%20Jaiswal"> Ashok Kumar Jaiswal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Various kinds of violence and offences are related to alcohol consumption by the offenders. The relationship between alcohol and violence is complex. But its study is important to achieve understanding of violence as well as alcohol related behavior. This study was done to know the blood alcohol concentration in people involved in various offences and its demographic pattern. The study was carried out in the forensic toxicology laboratory, department of Forensic Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Material and methods: The blood samples were collected from the arrested people shortly after the commission of the offence by the emergency medical officers in the emergency department and forwarded to the forensic toxicology laboratory through the investigating officer. The blood samples were collected in EDTA vial with sodium fluoride preservative. The samples were analyzed by using gas chromatography with head space (GC-HS), which is ideal for alcohol estimation. The toxicology reports were given within a week. The data of seven years (2011-17) were analyzed for its alcohol concentration, associated crimes and its demographic pattern. Analysis and conclusion: Total 280 samples were analyzed in the period of 2011-2017. All were males except one female who was a bar dancer. The maximum cases were in the age group of 21-30 years (124 cases). The type of offences involved were road traffic accidents (RTA), assault cases, drunken driving, drinking in public place, drunk on duty, sexual offence, bestiality, eve teasing, fall etc. The maximum cases were of assault (75 cases) followed by RTA (64 cases). The maximum cases were in the alcohol concentration range of 101-150mg% (58 cases) followed by 51-100mg% (52 cases). The maximum blood alcohol level detected was 391.51 mg%, belonging to a security guard found unconscious. This study shows that alcohol consumption is associated with various kinds of violence and offences in society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title="alcohol">alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crime" title=" crime"> crime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicology" title=" toxicology"> toxicology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violence" title=" violence"> violence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102579/a-study-of-blood-alcohol-concentration-in-people-arrested-for-various-offences-and-its-demographic-pattern" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102579.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3906</span> Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Use among Mauritian Adolescents: Analysis of 2017 WHO Global School-Based Student Health Survey </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iyanujesu%20Adereti">Iyanujesu Adereti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tajudeen%20Basiru"> Tajudeen Basiru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayodamola%20Olanipekun"> Ayodamola Olanipekun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Substance abuse among adolescents is of public health concern globally. Despite being the most abused by adolescents, there are limited studies on the prevalence of alcohol use and cigarette smoking among adolescents in Mauritius. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking, alcohol use and associated correlates among school-going adolescents in Mauritius. Methodology: Data obtained from 2017 WHO Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) survey of 3,012 school-going adolescents in Mauritius was analyzed using STATA. Descriptive statistics were used to obtain prevalence. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate predictors of cigarette smoking and alcohol use. Results: Prevalence of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking were 26.0% and 17.1%, respectively. Smoking and alcohol use was more prevalent among males, younger adolescents, and those in higher school grades (p-value <.000). In multivariable logistic regression, male gender was associated with a higher risk of cigarette smoking (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) [95%Confidence Interval (CI)]= 1.51[1.06-2.14]) but lower risk of alcohol use (aOR[95%CI]= 0.69[0.53-0.90]) while older age (mid and late adolescence) and parental smoking were found to be associated with increased risk of alcohol use (aOR[95%CI]= 1.94[1.34-2.99] and 1.36[1.05-1.78] respectively). Marijuana use, truancy, being in a fight and suicide ideation were associated with increased odds of alcohol use (aOR[95%CI]= 3.82[3.39-6.09]; 2.15[1.62-2.87]; 1.83[1.34-2.49] and 1.93[1.38-2.69] respectively) and cigarette smoking (aOR[95%CI]= 17.28[10.4 - 28.51]; 1.73[1.21-2. 49]; 1.67[1.14-2.45] and 2.17[1.43-3.28] respectively) while involvement in sexual activity was associated with reduced risk of alcohol use (aOR[95%CI]= 0.50[0.37-0.68]) and cigarette smoking (aOR[95%CI]= 0.47[0.33-0.69]). Parental support and parental monitoring were uniquely associated with lower risk of cigarette smoking (aOR[95%CI]= 0.69[0.47-0.99] and 0.62[0.43-0.91] respectively). Conclusion: The high prevalence of alcohol use and cigarette smoking in this study shows the need for the government of Mauritius to enhance policies that will help address this issue putting into accounts the various risk and protective factors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent%20health" title="adolescent health">adolescent health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20use" title=" alcohol use"> alcohol use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cigarette%20smoking" title=" cigarette smoking"> cigarette smoking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20school-based%20student%20health%20survey" title=" global school-based student health survey"> global school-based student health survey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135757/cigarette-smoking-and-alcohol-use-among-mauritian-adolescents-analysis-of-2017-who-global-school-based-student-health-survey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3905</span> Injury Patterns and Outcomes in Alcohol Intoxicated Trauma Patients Admitted at Level I Apex Trauma Centre of a Developing Nation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Kaushik">G. Kaushik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gupta"> A. Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Lalwani"> S. Lalwani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20D.%20Soni"> K. D. Soni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kumar"> S. Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sagar"> S. Sagar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Alcohol is a leading risk factor associated with the disability and death due to RTI. Present study aims to demonstrate the demographic profile, injury pattern, physiological parameters of victims of trauma following alcohol consumption arriving in the emergency department (ED) and mortality in alcohol intoxicated trauma patients admitted to Apex Trauma Center in Delhi. Design and Methods: Present study was performed in randomly selected 182 alcohol breath analyzer tested RTI patients from the emergency department of Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center (JPNATC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi for over a period of 3 months started from September 2013 to November 2013. Results: A total 182 RTI patients with blunt injury were selected between 30-40 years of age and equally distributed to male and female group. Of these, 93 (51%) were alcohol negative and 89 (49%) were alcohol positive. In 89 alcohol positive patients, 47 (53%) had Artificial Airway as compared to 17 (18%), (p < 0.001) in the other group. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was lower (p < 0.001) and higher Injury Severity Score (ISS) was observed in alcohol positive group as compared to other group (p < 0.03). Increased number of patients (58%) were admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU), in alcohol positive group (p < 0.001) and they were in ICU for longer time compare to other group (p < 0.001). The alcohol positive patients were on ventilator support for longer duration as compared to non-alcoholic group (p < 0.001). Mortality rate was higher in alcohol intoxicated patients as compared to non-alcoholic RTI patients, however, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study revealed that GCS, mean ISS, ICU stay, ventilation time etc. might have considerable impact on mortality in alcohol intoxicated patients as compared to non-alcoholic group. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20traffic%20injuries" title="road traffic injuries">road traffic injuries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title=" alcohol"> alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title=" trauma"> trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20department" title=" emergency department"> emergency department</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63274/injury-patterns-and-outcomes-in-alcohol-intoxicated-trauma-patients-admitted-at-level-i-apex-trauma-centre-of-a-developing-nation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3904</span> Gendered Violence Against Female Students Who Drink Alcohol: Perspectives Of South African Male University Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shakila%20Singh">Shakila Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research on gender, sexual risk, and gender violence at universities has found alcohol to be a significant contributor. Studies from universities around the world suggest that drinking at universities is characterised by excess. However, not much attention has been given to the connections that students make between alcohol and violence. In this qualitative study, alcohol-fuelled violence against female students from the perspectives of male students themselves is analysed. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with ten volunteer undergraduate male students who reside in university residences. The findings reveal that alcohol continues to be seen as a masculine privilege. Male students explain that they use alcohol to give them the courage to perform hegemonic heterosexual masculinities. They use alcohol to enhance their capacity to control women. At the same time, they hold alcohol responsible for their loss of control when drunk. Male students also exploit alcohol as currency to coerce women into submission of sexual favours. By blaming alcohol for any deviant behaviour, they relinquish themselves from the responsibility of violating female students. The paper argues that violence prevention efforts in educational contexts must address the ways in which alcohol shapes the experience of gender, sexuality, and violence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol-related%20violence" title="alcohol-related violence">alcohol-related violence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20alcohol" title=" and alcohol"> and alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hegemonic%20masculinities" title=" hegemonic masculinities"> hegemonic masculinities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20students" title=" university students"> university students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143900/gendered-violence-against-female-students-who-drink-alcohol-perspectives-of-south-african-male-university-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143900.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3903</span> Profile of the Elderly Users of Alcohol and Other Drugs Attended at the Psychosocial Care Centers in the Federal District</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20S.%20P.%20Barbosa">J. S. P. Barbosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20C.%20Pereira"> L. C. Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20R.%20Garcia"> K. R. Garcia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20C.%20P.%20Bouchardet"> P. C. P. Bouchardet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20C.%20T.%20Vieira"> S. C. T. Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20O.%20Gomes"> A. O. Gomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20Funghetto"> S. S. Funghetto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G.%20O.%20Kanikowski"> M. G. O. Kanikowski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For this population, height seems to be a good predictor of strength and body composition. This increase in life expectancy of the Brazilian's population is associated with sociodemographic variables, but also to more access to health services in the prevention and better living conditions. With the growth of elderly population, a problem that has been a concern to health's professionals and public health at all is the use of psychoactive substances. The purpose of this study was to identify the sociodemographic profile of the elderly people who was attended at the Center of Psychosocial Care of alcohol and other drugs in the Federal District of Brazil. 408 medical records of people aged 60 years or over were evaluated, and it is possible to know that most of them were males (85.3%), with a mean age of 64 years (DP ± 4.16), 60 and 84 years and a mean age of 64 years (DP ± 4.42); 88.2% have some family ties, are married and have children, with relatives living in masonry housing. The educational level of drug users was considered low with more emphasis on those who had elementary education being the majority retired or unemployed. Regarding the street situation, there was no significance (p = 0.084), and the women (OR = 2.98) had few chances of street situations compared to men (OR = 0.89). As for substance consumption, the highest quantity of drug consumption bids in relation to the number of illicit. It did not present significant statistical value, and there is a greater probability of consumption/abuse of legal and/or illicit drugs for both sexes (OR = 0.96) for men and (OR = 1.32) for women. In relation to the use of multiple drugs, there was no significant difference between the sexes, (OR = 1.1) male sex and (OR = 0.74) female sex. Based on the results found in the present study, it was concluded that alcohol consumption is the main agent that causes vulnerability in the elderly and predisposes the latter to the consumption of other associated drugs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centers%20of%20attention%20psychosocial%20alcohol%20and%20drugs" title="centers of attention psychosocial alcohol and drugs">centers of attention psychosocial alcohol and drugs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elderly" title=" elderly"> elderly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20disorder%20due%20to%20drug%20use" title=" mental disorder due to drug use"> mental disorder due to drug use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20situations" title=" street situations"> street situations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75111/profile-of-the-elderly-users-of-alcohol-and-other-drugs-attended-at-the-psychosocial-care-centers-in-the-federal-district" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75111.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3902</span> Smoking and Alcohol Consumption Predicts Multiple Head and Neck Cancers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20Kennedy">Kim Kennedy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daren%20Gibson"> Daren Gibson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephanie%20Flukes"> Stephanie Flukes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandra%20Diwakarla"> Chandra Diwakarla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Spalding"> Lisa Spalding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leanne%20Pilkington"> Leanne Pilkington</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Redfern"> Andrew Redfern</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: It is well known that patients with Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) are at increased risk of subsequent head and neck cancers due to various aetiologies. Aim: We sought to determine the factors contributing to an increased risk of subsequent HNC primaries, and also to evaluate whether Aboriginal patients are at increased risk. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 320 HNC patients from a single centre in Western Australia, identifying 80 Aboriginal patients and 240 non-Aboriginal patients matched on a 1:3 ratio by site, histology, rurality, and age. We collected patient data including smoking and alcohol consumption, tumour and treatment data, and data on subsequent HNC primaries. Results: A subsequent HNC primary was seen in 37 patients (11.6%) overall. There was no significant difference in the rate of second primary HNCs between Aboriginal patients (12.5%) and nonAboriginal patients (11.2%) (p=0.408). Subsequent HNCs, were strongly associated with smoking and alcohol consumption however, with 95% of patients with a second primary being ever-smokers, and 54% of patients with a second primary having a history of excessive alcohol consumption. In the 37 patients with multiple HNC primaries, there were a total of 57 HNCs, with 29 patients having two primaries, six patients having 3 HNC primaries, one patient with four, and one with six. 54 out of the 57 cancers were in ever smokers (94.7%). There were only two multiple HNC primaries in a never smoker, non-drinker, and these cases were of unknown etiology with HPV/p16 status unknown in both cases. In the whole study population, there were 32 HPV-positive HNCs, and 67 p16-positive HNCs, with only two 2 nd HNCs in a p16-positive case, giving a rate of 3% in the p16+ population, which is actually much lower than the rate of second primaries seen in the overall population (11.6%), and was highest in the p16-negative population (15.7%). This suggests that p16-positivity is not a strong risk factor for subsequent primaries, and in fact p16-negativity appeared to be associated with increased risk, however this data is limited by the large number of patients without documented p16 status (45.3% overall, 12% for oropharyngeal, and 59.6% for oral cavity primaries had unknown p16 status). Summary: Subsequent HNC primaries were strongly associated with smoking and alcohol excess. Second and later HNC primaries did not appear to occur at increased rates in Aboriginal patients compared with non-Aboriginal patients, and p16-positivity did not predict increased risk, however p16-negativity was associated with an increased risk of subsequent HNCs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=head%20and%20neck%20cancer" title="head and neck cancer">head and neck cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20primaries" title=" multiple primaries"> multiple primaries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aboriginal" title=" aboriginal"> aboriginal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p16%20status" title=" p16 status"> p16 status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoking" title=" smoking"> smoking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title=" alcohol"> alcohol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162292/smoking-and-alcohol-consumption-predicts-multiple-head-and-neck-cancers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162292.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3901</span> Parental Drinking and Risky Alcohol Related Behaviors: Predicting Binge Drinking Trajectories and Their Influence on Impaired Driving among College Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiran%20Bord">Shiran Bord</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Assaf%20Oshri"> Assaf Oshri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20W.%20Carlson"> Matthew W. Carlson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sihong%20Liu"> Sihong Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Alcohol-impaired driving (AID) and binge drinking are major health concerns among college students. Although the link between binge drinking and AID is well established, knowledge regarding binge drinking patterns, the factors influencing binge drinking, and the associations between consumption patterns and alcohol-related risk behaviors is lacking. Aims: To examine heterogeneous trajectories of binge drinking during college and tests factors that might predict class membership as well as class membership outcomes. Methods: Data were obtained from a sample of 1,265 college students (Mage = 18.5, SD = .66) as part of the Longitudinal Study of Violence Against Women (N = 1,265; 59.3% female; 69.2% white). Analyses were completed in three stages. First, a growth curve analysis was conducted to identify trajectories of binge drinking over time. Second, growth curve mixture modeling analyses were pursued to assess unobserved growth trajectories of binge drinking without predictors. Lastly, parental drinking variables were added to the model as predictors of class membership, and AID and being a passenger of a drunk driver were added to the model as outcomes. Results: Three binge drinking trajectories were identified: high-convex, medium concave and low-increasing. Parental drinking was associated with being in high-convex and medium-concave classes. Compared to the low-increasing class, the high convex and medium concave classes reported more AID and being a passenger of a drunk driver more frequently. Conclusions: Parental drinking may affect children’s later engagement in AID. Efforts should focus on parents' education regarding the consequences of parental modeling of alcohol consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20impaired%20driving" title="alcohol impaired driving">alcohol impaired driving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20consumption" title=" alcohol consumption"> alcohol consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binge%20drinking" title=" binge drinking"> binge drinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=college%20students" title=" college students"> college students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parental%20modeling" title=" parental modeling"> parental modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66974/parental-drinking-and-risky-alcohol-related-behaviors-predicting-binge-drinking-trajectories-and-their-influence-on-impaired-driving-among-college-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3900</span> [Keynote Talk]: The Intoxicated Eyewitness: Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Identification Accuracy in Lineup</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikas%20S.%20Minchekar">Vikas S. Minchekar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The eyewitness is a crucial source of evidence in the criminal judicial system. However, rely on the reminiscence of an eyewitness especially intoxicated eyewitness is not always judicious. It might lead to some serious consequences. Day by day, alcohol-related crimes or the criminal incidences in bars, nightclubs, and restaurants are increasing rapidly. Tackling such cases is very complicated to any investigation officers. The people in that incidents are violated due to the alcohol consumption hence, their ability to identify the suspects or recall these phenomena is affected. The studies on the effects of alcohol consumption on motor activities such as driving and surgeries have received much attention. However, the effect of alcohol intoxication on memory has received little attention from the psychology, law, forensic and criminology scholars across the world. In the Indian context, the published articles on this issue are equal to none up to present day. This field experiment investigation aimed at to finding out the effect of alcohol consumption on identification accuracy in lineups. Forty adult, social drinkers, and twenty sober adults were randomly recruited for the study. The sober adults were assigned into 'placebo' beverage group while social drinkers were divided into two group e. g. 'low dose' of alcohol (0.2 g/kg) and 'high dose' of alcohol (0.8 g/kg). The social drinkers were divided in such a way that their level of blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) will become different. After administering the beverages for the placebo group and liquor to the social drinkers for 40 to 50 minutes of the period, the five-minute video clip of mock crime is shown to all in a group of four to five members. After the exposure of video, clip subjects were given 10 portraits and asked them to recognize whether they are involved in mock crime or not. Moreover, they were also asked to describe the incident. The subjects were given two opportunities to recognize the portraits and to describe the events; the first opportunity is given immediately after the video clip and the second was 24 hours later. The obtained data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Scheffe’s posthoc multiple comparison tests. The results indicated that the 'high dose' group is remarkably different from the 'placebo' and 'low dose' groups. But, the 'placebo' and 'low dose' groups are equally performed. The subjects in a 'high dose' group recognized only 20% faces correctly while the subjects in a 'placebo' and 'low dose' groups are recognized 90 %. This study implied that the intoxicated witnesses are less accurate to recognize the suspects and also less capable of describing the incidents where crime has taken place. Moreover, this study does not assert that intoxicated eyewitness is generally less trustworthy than their sober counterparts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intoxicated%20eyewitness" title="intoxicated eyewitness">intoxicated eyewitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory" title=" memory"> memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20drinkers" title=" social drinkers"> social drinkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lineups" title=" lineups"> lineups</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61407/keynote-talk-the-intoxicated-eyewitness-effect-of-alcohol-consumption-on-identification-accuracy-in-lineup" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3899</span> Alcohol Rituals and Active Ageing: A Thematic Analysis of Semi-Structured Interviews with Retirees in the West of Scotland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deborah%20Nicholson">Deborah Nicholson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiona%20McCormack"> Fiona McCormack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pete%20Seaman"> Pete Seaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Bell"> Karen Bell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores alcohol consumption amongst retirees in the West of Scotland in the context of active and healthy ageing discourses. The public health consequences of alcohol use are well documented and of growing concern to policy makers in Scotland and elsewhere. However, alcohol occupies a prominent position in a range of cultural and social practices and has associated meanings for users related to conviviality, leisure, sociability, and inclusion- features closely tied to active and healthy ageing. These perceived positive and negative meanings place alcohol in an ambiguous and contradictory position in relation to the Scottish Government’s key health policy initiatives aimed at healthy ageing and the reduction of alcohol-related ill-health. This paper explores these positive and negative associations through an examination of the meanings which retirees attach to alcohol and the routines and rituals they develop to navigate wider health concerns. Methods: participants were recruited from the West of Scotland area using a quota sampling design based around gender, age, and socioeconomic position. Forty participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule and qualitative techniques. The interviews were transcribed and thematic analysis of the data was conducted. Results: Alcohol use amongst retirees in Scotland was widely varied with marked differences noted in terms of gender and age group, but with less clear variance by socioeconomic position. A range of strategies was employed to limit alcohol use by time, context, location and/or volume and these strategies clearly drew on a perception of alcohol use in retirement as potentially more problematic than at earlier stage of life. Thus, the retirees in the sample used these limiting strategies to navigate the positive and negative meanings they attached to alcohol use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title="alcohol">alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retirement" title=" retirement"> retirement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routines" title=" routines"> routines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101621/alcohol-rituals-and-active-ageing-a-thematic-analysis-of-semi-structured-interviews-with-retirees-in-the-west-of-scotland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3898</span> Efficacy of Nasya in Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandip%20Tambare">Sandip Tambare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Revati%20Ghadge"> Revati Ghadge</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alcohol withdrawal syndrome continue to be concerning health issue worldwide in alcoholics. Many current option for treating alcohol withdrawal signs are habit forming causing dependency of sedatives. The divine science of Ayurveda recommends Nasya for improvement of alcohol withdrawal signs. As per the latest reports 1/3 of the Indian population is using alcohol in an unhealthy manner, the complication being wide and varied among which, the Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome is the dominant one. The presentation varies from mild sleep loss or anxiety to delirium. Ayurveda has given utmost in the context of Madatyaya(Alcoholism). Various protocols based on the identification of the status of tridoshas are explained which includes sodhana, samana and satwavachaya chikitsa. Various medications are being used, with appreciated effects in the clinical practice. As per reports, the panchakarma procedure nasya seems highly effective, in managing of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Nasya with Ksheerabala Taila is given for 7 days in the condition of Alcohol Withdrawal syndrome and it was the non Randomized trial with 30 subjects satisfying the DSM V criteria for alcohol withdrawl and the assessment was done using the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol Scale revised (CIWA-Ar). Conclusion: Among the symptoms which were studied after the interventions, it was found that there was high significant response in almost all the symptoms in the given subjects. The eternal science of Ayurveda is able to answer the existing problem of alcohol and its abuse in the society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nasya" title="nasya">nasya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20withdrawal" title=" alcohol withdrawal"> alcohol withdrawal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=madatyaya" title=" madatyaya"> madatyaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ksheerabala%20taila" title=" ksheerabala taila"> ksheerabala taila</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148703/efficacy-of-nasya-in-alcohol-withdrawal-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148703.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3897</span> Drinking Reduction Programs: Comparing the Effectiveness of Different Versions of the Programs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Justyna%20%C5%9Aniadach">Justyna Śniadach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barbara%20B%C4%99tkowska%20Korpa%C5%82a"> Barbara Bętkowska Korpała</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Napoleon%20Waszkiewicz"> Napoleon Waszkiewicz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The drinking reduction program is a relatively new form of therapy. A lot has changed in thinking about alcohol problems and effective ways to solve them. Until recently, alcohol consumers were divided into two groups: addicted and "normal" drinkers. In recent years, the existence of a large group of people who drink alcohol harmfully has been noticed: not addicted, but still drinking in a way that brings losses and harms to others. It turned out that most of the problems resulting from drinking alcohol are generated by people who drink harmfully and that showed that it is necessary to build a support system for these people aimed at reducing alcohol consumption. The Drinking Reduction Program currently has 3 versions. There is a Drinking Reduction Program in a standard form, where the patient works stationary, in the therapist's office. Another possibility is the patient's work on Online - Drinking Reduction Program with application in a remote form. Another possibility is the patient's work in Online- Drinking Reduction Program on-line but together with the therapist. In all of this program's exercises are based on the assumptions of behavioral-cognitive therapy and methods of motivational dialogue. The purpose of this research will be to compare three versions of Drinking Reduction Programs in terms of their effectiveness, psychological and sociological variables, as well as the level of motivation to change the drinking pattern. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20addiction" title="alcohol addiction">alcohol addiction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=addiction%20therapy" title=" addiction therapy"> addiction therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drinking%20reduction%20programs" title=" drinking reduction programs"> drinking reduction programs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive-behavioral%20therapy" title=" cognitive-behavioral therapy"> cognitive-behavioral therapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162615/drinking-reduction-programs-comparing-the-effectiveness-of-different-versions-of-the-programs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162615.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3896</span> CAGE Questionnaire as a Screening Tool for Hazardous Drinking in an Acute Admissions Ward: Frequency of Application and Comparison with AUDIT-C Questionnaire</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammar%20Ayad%20Issa%20Al-Rifaie">Ammar Ayad Issa Al-Rifaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuhreya%20Muazu"> Zuhreya Muazu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maysam%20Ali%20Abdulwahid"> Maysam Ali Abdulwahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dermot%20Gleeson"> Dermot Gleeson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this audit was to examine the efficiency of alcohol history documentation and screening for hazardous drinkers at the Medical Admission Unit (MAU) of Northern General Hospital (NGH), Sheffield, to identify any potential for enhancing clinical practice. Data were collected from medical clerking sheets, ICE system and directly from 82 patients by three junior medical doctors using both CAGE questionnaire and AUDIT-C tool for newly admitted patients to MAU in NGH, in the period between January and March 2015. Alcohol consumption was documented in around two-third of the patient sample and this was documented fairly accurately by health care professionals. Some used subjective words such as 'social drinking' in the alcohol units’ section of the history. CAGE questionnaire was applied to only four patients and none of the patients had documented advice, education or referral to an alcohol liaison team. AUDIT-C tool had identified 30.4%, while CAGE 10.9%, of patients admitted to the NGH MAU as hazardous drinkers. The amount of alcohol the patient consumes positively correlated with the score of AUDIT-C (Pearson correlation 0.83). Re-audit is planned to be carried out after integrating AUDIT-C tool as labels in the notes and presenting a brief teaching session to junior doctors. Alcohol misuse screening is not adequately undertaken and no appropriate action is being offered to hazardous drinkers. CAGE questionnaire is poorly applied to patients and when satisfactory and adequately used has low sensitivity to detect hazardous drinkers in comparison with AUDIT-C tool. Re-audit of alcohol screening practice after introducing AUDIT-C tool in clerking sheets (as labels) is required to compare the findings and conclude the audit cycle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20screening" title="alcohol screening">alcohol screening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AUDIT-C" title=" AUDIT-C"> AUDIT-C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAGE" title=" CAGE"> CAGE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazardous%20drinking" title=" hazardous drinking"> hazardous drinking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37335/cage-questionnaire-as-a-screening-tool-for-hazardous-drinking-in-an-acute-admissions-ward-frequency-of-application-and-comparison-with-audit-c-questionnaire" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3895</span> Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorders in South Korea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20Eunha">Kim Eunha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examined a group-based intervention for alcohol use disorders based on the principles of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in patients (N=22; 63.7% female; M = 38.2 years old; 100% South Korean) in a residential alcohol addiction treatment program. Patients were randomly assigned to either ACT group (receiving the ACT intervention) or control group (receiving treatment as usual). The ACT intervention consisted of four 2-hr group sessions scheduled during two weeks. The first session focused on the negative effects of suppression and avoidance, and a rationale for defusion and acceptance using several of the well-known ACT metaphors (e.g., Two Scales Metaphor, Man in the Hole). The second session taught defusion and acceptance skills through such exercises as mindfulness, cutting a sour fruit, naming one’s thoughts, and physicalizing. The third session included another mindfulness exercise and encouraged the participants to identify their values and set up life goals. The last session included more discussion on values and life goals, especially related to family and intimacy. The effects of the interventions were assessed using intent-to-treat analyses. The ACT interventions resulted in smaller immediate gains in motivation to stay sober and reductions in depression, anxiety, and experiential avoidance. In addition, at a 2-month follow up, those who attended the ACT group reported a lower average level of alcohol consumption and higher treatment attendance compared to the control group. These preliminary findings suggest that additional treatment and testing of ACT for alcohol use disorders will be crucial. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acceptance%20and%20commitment%20therapy" title="acceptance and commitment therapy">acceptance and commitment therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20use%20disorders" title=" alcohol use disorders"> alcohol use disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defusion" title=" defusion"> defusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=values" title=" values "> values </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81208/acceptance-and-commitment-therapy-as-a-treatment-for-alcohol-use-disorders-in-south-korea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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