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<span>Titles</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Titles-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Titles subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Titles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chef_de_cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chef_de_cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span><i>Chef de cuisine</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chef_de_cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sous-chef" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sous-chef"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span><i>Sous-chef</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sous-chef-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chef_de_partie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chef_de_partie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span><i>Chef de partie</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chef_de_partie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commis_(chef)/Range_chef" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commis_(chef)/Range_chef"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span><i>Commis</i> (chef)/Range chef</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commis_(chef)/Range_chef-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brigade_system_titles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brigade_system_titles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Brigade system titles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brigade_system_titles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kitchen_assistant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kitchen_assistant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Kitchen assistant</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kitchen_assistant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culinary_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culinary_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Culinary education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culinary_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chef</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%87" title="طاه – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طاه" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C5%9F_a%C5%9Fpaz" title="Baş aşpaz – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Baş aşpaz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="آشپازباشی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آشپازباشی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%95" title="পাচক – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পাচক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87" title="Главен готвач – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Главен готвач" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCchenchef" title="Küchenchef – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Küchenchef" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chef" title="Chef – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Chef" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88efkuiristo" title="Ĉefkuiristo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉefkuiristo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%BE%D8%B2" title="سرآشپز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرآشپز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chef_cuisinier" title="Chef cuisinier – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chef cuisinier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%85%B0%ED%94%84" title="셰프 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="셰프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glavni_kuhar" title="Glavni kuhar – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Glavni kuhar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurutama_masak" title="Jurutama masak – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jurutama masak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igari" title="Igari – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Igari" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chef" title="Chef – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chef" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A3" title="שף – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juru_masak" title="Juru masak – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Juru masak" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtuv%C4%97s_%C5%A1efas" title="Virtuvės šefas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Virtuvės šefas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeff" title="Xeff – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Xeff" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AB" title="शेफ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शेफ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chef-kok" title="Chef-kok – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chef-kok" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="पाक-पारङ्ग – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पाक-पारङ्ग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A7%E3%83%95" title="シェフ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シェフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%81" title="شیف – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شیف" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szef_kuchni" title="Szef kuchni – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szef kuchni" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chef" title="Chef – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Chef" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chef_(buc%C4%83tar)" title="Chef (bucătar) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chef (bucătar)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chef" title="Chef – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chef" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlavn%C3%BD_kuch%C3%A1r" title="Hlavný kuchár – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hlavný kuchár" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keitti%C3%B6mestari" title="Keittiömestari – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Keittiömestari" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kock" title="Kock – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kock" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="வாலுவர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வாலுவர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7" title="หัวหน้าคนครัว – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หัวหน้าคนครัว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%85" title="Таббох – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Таббох" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eef_(a%C5%9F%C3%A7%C4%B1)" title="Şef (aşçı) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şef (aşçı)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Шеф кухні – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шеф кухні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chef" title="Chef – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chef" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandor_tukang_masak" title="Mandor tukang masak – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Mandor tukang masak" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3499072#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Chef" title="View the content page [c]" 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</div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Chef</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribot_Theodule_The_Cook_And_The_Cat-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ribot_Theodule_The_Cook_And_The_Cat-1.jpg/250px-Ribot_Theodule_The_Cook_And_The_Cat-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ribot_Theodule_The_Cook_And_The_Cat-1.jpg/330px-Ribot_Theodule_The_Cook_And_The_Cat-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ribot_Theodule_The_Cook_And_The_Cat-1.jpg/500px-Ribot_Theodule_The_Cook_And_The_Cat-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="764" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">French chef painted by <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odule_Ribot" title="Théodule Ribot">Théodule Ribot</a> (1823–1891)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Occupation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Occupation type</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Skilled_trades" class="mw-redirect" title="Skilled trades">Vocational</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Activity sectors</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Food_industry" title="Food industry">Food</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Hospitality_industry" title="Hospitality industry">Hospitality</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Description</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Education required</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cooking_school" title="Cooking school">Cooking school</a>;<br /><a href="/wiki/Apprenticeship" title="Apprenticeship">Apprenticeship</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Related jobs</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Baker" title="Baker">Baker</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gordon_Ramsay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Gordon_Ramsay.jpg/250px-Gordon_Ramsay.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="375" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Gordon_Ramsay.jpg/500px-Gordon_Ramsay.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Ramsay" title="Gordon Ramsay">Gordon Ramsay</a>, British celebrity chef</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jiro_behind_the_counter_(19137550458).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jiro_behind_the_counter_%2819137550458%29.jpg/250px-Jiro_behind_the_counter_%2819137550458%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jiro_behind_the_counter_%2819137550458%29.jpg/330px-Jiro_behind_the_counter_%2819137550458%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jiro_behind_the_counter_%2819137550458%29.jpg/500px-Jiro_behind_the_counter_%2819137550458%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3472" data-file-height="2315" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jiro_Ono_(chef)" title="Jiro Ono (chef)">Jiro Ono</a> regarded as one of the greatest sushi chefs in the world.</figcaption></figure> <p>A<b> chef</b> is a professional <a href="/wiki/Cook_(profession)" title="Cook (profession)">cook</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tradesperson" title="Tradesperson">tradesperson</a> who is proficient in all aspects of <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_food_preparation" title="Outline of food preparation">food preparation</a>, often focusing on a particular <a href="/wiki/Cuisine" title="Cuisine">cuisine</a>. The word "chef" is derived from the term <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">chef de cuisine</i></span> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ʃɛf<span class="wrap"> </span>də<span class="wrap"> </span>kɥizin]</a></span>), the director or head of a <a href="/wiki/Kitchen" title="Kitchen">kitchen</a>. Chefs can receive formal training from an institution, as well as by apprenticing with an experienced chef. </p><p>Different terms use the word <i>chef</i> in their titles and deal with specific areas of food preparation. Examples include the <i>sous-chef</i>, who acts as the second-in-command in a kitchen, and the <i>chef de partie</i>, who handles a specific area of production. The <a href="/wiki/Kitchen_brigade" title="Kitchen brigade">kitchen brigade</a> system is a hierarchy found in restaurants and hotels employing extensive staff, many of which use the word "chef" in their titles. Underneath the chefs are the <i>kitchen assistants</i>. A chef's standard uniform includes a hat (called a <i><a href="/wiki/Toque" title="Toque">toque</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Neckerchief" title="Neckerchief">neckerchief</a>, <a href="/wiki/Double-breasted" title="Double-breasted">double-breasted jacket</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apron" title="Apron">apron</a> and sturdy shoes (that may include steel or plastic toe-caps). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word "chef" is derived (and shortened) from the term <i>chef de cuisine</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ʃɛf.də.kɥi.zin]</a></span>), the director or head of a <a href="/wiki/Kitchen" title="Kitchen">kitchen</a>. (The French word comes from <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/caput" class="extiw" title="wikt:caput">caput</a></i> (head) and is cognate with <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> "chief"). In English, the title <i>chef</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Culinary_arts" title="Culinary arts">culinary arts</a> originated in the <i><a href="/wiki/Haute_cuisine" title="Haute cuisine">haute cuisine</a></i> of the 19th century. The culinary arts, among other aspects of the French language, introduced French loan words into the English language.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The word is often used by itself as an <a href="/wiki/Honorific" title="Honorific">honorific</a> to address chefs by each other, apprentices, and <a href="/wiki/Waiting_staff" title="Waiting staff">waiting staff</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Titles">Titles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nancy_Silverton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Nancy_Silverton.jpg/250px-Nancy_Silverton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Nancy_Silverton.jpg/330px-Nancy_Silverton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Nancy_Silverton.jpg/500px-Nancy_Silverton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3712" data-file-height="5568" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Silverton" title="Nancy Silverton">Nancy Silverton</a> chef and baker known for her expertise in bread-making and pastry.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chef_preparing_naan_to_be_baked_in_a_tandoori.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chef_preparing_naan_to_be_baked_in_a_tandoori.jpeg/220px-Chef_preparing_naan_to_be_baked_in_a_tandoori.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chef_preparing_naan_to_be_baked_in_a_tandoori.jpeg/330px-Chef_preparing_naan_to_be_baked_in_a_tandoori.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chef_preparing_naan_to_be_baked_in_a_tandoori.jpeg/440px-Chef_preparing_naan_to_be_baked_in_a_tandoori.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Chef preparing <a href="/wiki/Naan" title="Naan">naan</a> to be cooked in a <a href="/wiki/Tandoor" title="Tandoor">tandoor</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Various titles, detailed below, are given to those working in a professional kitchen and each can be considered a title for a type of chef. Many of the titles are based on the <i><a href="/wiki/Brigade_de_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigade de cuisine">brigade de cuisine</a></i> (or brigade system) documented by <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Escoffier" title="Auguste Escoffier">Auguste Escoffier</a>, while others have a more general meaning depending on the individual kitchen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chef_de_cuisine"><i>Chef de cuisine</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chef de cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chef_de_cuisine" title="Chef de cuisine">Chef de cuisine</a></div> <p>Other names include <b>executive chef</b>, <b>chef manager</b>, <b>head chef</b>, and <b>master chef</b>. This person is in charge of all activities related to the kitchen, which usually includes menu creation, management of kitchen staff, ordering and purchasing of inventory, controlling raw material costs and plating design. <i>Chef de cuisine</i> is the traditional French term from which the English word chef is derived.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Head chef</i> is often used to designate someone with the same duties as an executive chef, but there is usually someone in charge of a head chef, possibly making the larger executive decisions such as the direction of menu, the final authority in staff management decisions, and so on.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is often the case for executive chefs with multiple restaurants. Involved in checking the sensory evaluation of dishes after preparation and they are well aware of each sensory property of those specific dishes. </p><p>In the UK, the title <b>executive chef</b> normally applies to hotels with multiple outlets in the same hotel. Other establishments in the UK tend to use the title <b>head chef</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sous-chef"><span class="anchor" id="sous_chef"></span> <i>Sous-chef</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sous-chef"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sous-chef" title="Sous-chef">Sous-chef</a></div> <p>The <i>sous-chef de cuisine</i> (under-chef of the kitchen) is the second-in-command and direct assistant of the chef de cuisine or head chef. This person may be responsible for scheduling the kitchen staff or substituting when the head chef is absent. Also, the <i>sous-chef</i> will fill in for or assist a <i>chef de partie</i> (line cook) when needed. This person is accountable for the kitchen's inventory, cleanliness, organization, and the continuing training of its entire staff. A sous-chef's duties can also include carrying out the head chef's directives, conducting line checks, and overseeing the timely rotation of all food products. Smaller operations may not have a sous-chef, while larger operations may have more than one.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_ch_1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_ch_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chef_de_partie"><i>Chef de partie</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chef de partie"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chef_de_partie" title="Chef de partie">Chef de partie</a></div> <p>A <i>chef de partie</i>, also known as a "station chef" or "line cook",<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is in charge of a particular area of production. In large kitchens, each chef de partie might have several cooks or assistants. In most kitchens, however, the chef de partie is the only worker in that department. Line cooks are often divided into a hierarchy of their own, starting with "first cook", then "second cook", and so on as needed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commis_(chef)/Range_chef"><span id="Commis_.28chef.29.2FRange_chef"></span><span class="anchor" id="Commis"></span> <i>Commis</i> (chef)/Range chef</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Commis (chef)/Range chef"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Commis" redirects here. For the restaurant in Oakland, California, United States, see <a href="/wiki/Commis_(restaurant)" title="Commis (restaurant)">Commis (restaurant)</a>.</div> <p>A commis is a basic or junior chef in larger kitchens who works under a <i>chef de partie</i> to learn the station's or range's responsibilities and operation.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_ch_2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_ch_2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This may be a chef who has recently completed formal culinary training or is still undergoing training. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brigade_system_titles">Brigade system titles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Brigade system titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Brigade_de_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigade de cuisine">Brigade de cuisine</a></div> <p>Station-chef titles, created by Escoffier, which are part of the brigade system include:<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>English </th> <th>French </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">IPA</a> </th> <th>Responsibilities </th></tr> <tr> <td>Sauté chef </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Saucier" title="Saucier">saucier</a></i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[sosje]</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saut%C3%A9ed" class="mw-redirect" title="Sautéed">Sautéed</a> items and their <a href="/wiki/Sauce" title="Sauce">sauce</a>. (The highest position of the stations.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fish chef </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">poissonnier</i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[pwasɔnje]</a></span> </td> <td>Fish dishes, and often fish butchering, and their sauces. (May be combined with the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">saucier</i></span> position.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Roast chef </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">rôtisseur</i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ʁotisœʁ]</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roasted" class="mw-redirect" title="Roasted">Roasted</a> and <a href="/wiki/Braised" class="mw-redirect" title="Braised">braised</a> meats, and their sauces. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Grill chef </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">grillardin</i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ɡʁijaʁdɛ̃]</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grilled" class="mw-redirect" title="Grilled">Grilled</a> foods. (May be combined with the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">rotisseur</i></span>.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fry chef </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">friturier</i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[fʁityʁje]</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frying" title="Frying">Fried</a> items. (May be combined with the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">rotisseur</i></span>.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Entrée preparer </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">entremétier</i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ɑ̃tʁəmetje]</a></span> </td> <td>Hot <a href="/wiki/Appetizer" class="mw-redirect" title="Appetizer">appetizers</a> and often the soups, vegetables, pastas and starches. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Soup chef </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">potager</i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[pɔtaʒe]</a></span> </td> <td>Soups. (May be handled by the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">entremétier</i></span>.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vegetable chef </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">légumier</i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[legymje]</a></span> </td> <td>Vegetables. (May be handled by the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">entremétier</i></span>.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Roundsman </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">tournant</i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[tuʁnɑ̃]</a></span> </td> <td>Fills in as needed on stations in the kitchen, <abbr title="also known as">a.k.a.</abbr> the swing cook. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pantry chef </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Garde_manger" title="Garde manger">garde manger</a></i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ɡaʁd<span class="wrap"> </span>mɑ̃ʒe]</a></span> </td> <td>Cold foods: <a href="/wiki/Salad" title="Salad">salads</a>, cold <a href="/wiki/Appetizer" class="mw-redirect" title="Appetizer">appetizers</a>, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9" title="Pâté">pâtés</a></i></span> and other <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Charcuterie" title="Charcuterie">charcuterie</a></i></span> items. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Butcher" title="Butcher">Butcher</a> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">boucher</i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[buʃe]</a></span> </td> <td>Butchers meats, <a href="/wiki/Poultry" title="Poultry">poultry</a>, and sometimes fish and <a href="/wiki/Breading" class="mw-redirect" title="Breading">breading</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pastry_chef" title="Pastry chef">Pastry chef</a> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">pâtissier</i></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[patisje]</a></span> </td> <td>Baked goods and plated desserts, including pastries, cakes, and breads. May manage a separate team and department. </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kitchen_assistant">Kitchen assistant</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Kitchen assistant"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chefs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Chefs.jpg/212px-Chefs.jpg" decoding="async" width="212" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Chefs.jpg/318px-Chefs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Chefs.jpg/424px-Chefs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>In <a href="/wiki/Playa_del_Carmen" title="Playa del Carmen">Playa del Carmen</a> Mexico, chefs don their standard uniforms while crafting seafood <a href="/wiki/Paella" title="Paella">paella</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Kitchen assistants are of two types, kitchen-hands and stewards/kitchen porters. Kitchen-hands assist with basic food preparation tasks under the chef's direction. They carry out relatively unskilled tasks such as peeling potatoes and washing salad. Stewards/<a href="/wiki/Kitchen" title="Kitchen">kitchen</a> porters are involved in the scullery, washing up and general cleaning duties. In a smaller kitchen, these duties may be incorporated. </p><p>A <i>communard</i> is in charge of preparing the meal for the staff during a shift. This meal is often referred to as the staff or <a href="/wiki/Family_meal" title="Family meal">family meal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_ch_2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_ch_2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>escuelerie</i> (from 15th century French and a <a href="/wiki/Cognate" title="Cognate">cognate</a> of the English "<a href="/wiki/Scullery_maid" title="Scullery maid">scullery</a>"), or the more modern plongeur or dishwasher, is the keeper of dishes, having charge of dishes and keeping the kitchen clean. A common humorous title for this role in some modern kitchens is "<i>chef de plonge</i>" or "head dishwasher".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culinary_education">Culinary education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Culinary education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Education is available from many culinary institutions offering diploma, associate, and bachelor's degree programs in culinary arts. Depending on the level of education, this can take one to four years. An internship is often part of the curriculum. Regardless of the education received, most professional kitchens follow the <a href="/wiki/Apprenticeship" title="Apprenticeship">apprenticeship</a> system, and most new cooks will start at a lower-level 2nd or 1st cook position and work their way up. </p><p>Like many skilled trades, chefs usually go through a formal apprenticeship which includes many years of on-the-job training. Culinary schools and restaurants offer these apprenticeships. Apprenticeships usually take 3 to 4 years to complete and combine classroom instruction with on-the-job training. The training period for a chef is generally four years as an apprentice. A newly qualified chef is advanced or more commonly a toquecommis-chef, consisting of first-year <i>commis</i>, second-year <i>commis</i>, and so on. The rate of pay is usually in accordance with the chefs. Like all other chefs except the executive-chef, trainees are placed in sections of the kitchen (e.g., the starter (<a href="/wiki/Hors_d%27%C5%93uvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Hors d'œuvre">appetizer</a>) or <a href="/wiki/Entr%C3%A9e" title="Entrée">entrée</a> sections) under the guidance of a <i>demi-chef de partie</i> and are given relatively basic tasks. Ideally, over time, a <i>commis</i> will spend a certain period in each section of the kitchen to learn the basics. Unaided, a <i>commis</i> may work on the vegetable station of a kitchen.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The usual formal training period for a chef is two to four years in catering college. They often spend the summer in work placements. In some cases this is modified to 'day-release' courses; a chef will work full-time in a kitchen as an apprentice and then would have allocated days off to attend catering college. These courses can last between one and three years. In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a>, most chefs are trained in the workplace, with most doing a formal <a href="/wiki/National_Vocational_Qualification" title="National Vocational Qualification">NVQ</a> level 2 or 3 in the workplace. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oxford_-_Chef_School_-_0405.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chefs in training at chef school in Oxford, England"><img alt="Chefs in training at chef school in Oxford, England" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Oxford_-_Chef_School_-_0405.jpg/200px-Oxford_-_Chef_School_-_0405.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Oxford_-_Chef_School_-_0405.jpg/300px-Oxford_-_Chef_School_-_0405.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Oxford_-_Chef_School_-_0405.jpg/400px-Oxford_-_Chef_School_-_0405.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4187" data-file-height="2730" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chefs in training at chef school in Oxford, England</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chef_pr%C3%A9parant_une_truffe.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A chef preparing a truffle for diners"><img alt="A chef preparing a truffle for diners" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chef_pr%C3%A9parant_une_truffe.jpg/250px-Chef_pr%C3%A9parant_une_truffe.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chef_pr%C3%A9parant_une_truffe.jpg/330px-Chef_pr%C3%A9parant_une_truffe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chef_pr%C3%A9parant_une_truffe.jpg/500px-Chef_pr%C3%A9parant_une_truffe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A chef preparing a truffle for diners</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/One_chef%27s_hat.png/28px-One_chef%27s_hat.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/One_chef%27s_hat.png/41px-One_chef%27s_hat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/One_chef%27s_hat.png/55px-One_chef%27s_hat.png 2x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="299" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cooking" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Cooking">Cooking portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/40px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/60px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/120px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Culinary_Federation" title="American Culinary Federation">American Culinary Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Escoffier" title="Auguste Escoffier">Auguste Escoffier</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brigade_de_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigade de cuisine">Brigade de cuisine</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celebrity_chef" title="Celebrity chef">Celebrity chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef_(2014_film)" title="Chef (2014 film)"><i>Chef</i> (2014 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_(profession)" title="Cook (profession)">Cook (profession)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culinary_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Culinary art">Culinary art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_chef" title="Development chef">Development chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chefs" title="List of chefs">List of chefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pastry_chefs" title="List of pastry chefs">List of pastry chefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_restaurant_terminology" title="List of restaurant terminology">List of restaurant terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_chef" title="Personal chef">Personal chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Association_of_Chefs_Societies" class="mw-redirect" title="World Association of Chefs Societies">World Association of Chefs Societies</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRoth" class="citation web cs1">Roth, Isabel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/english/documents/innervate/10-11/1011rothhistoryofenglish.pdf">"Innervate"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The University of Nottingham School of English Studies<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Innervate&rft.pub=The+University+of+Nottingham+School+of+English+Studies&rft.aulast=Roth&rft.aufirst=Isabel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nottingham.ac.uk%2Fenglish%2Fdocuments%2Finnervate%2F10-11%2F1011rothhistoryofenglish.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChef" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/chef-de-cuisine">"the definition of chef-de-cuisine"</a>. <i>Dictionary.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dictionary.com&rft.atitle=the+definition+of+chef-de-cuisine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.reference.com%2Fbrowse%2Fchef-de-cuisine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChef" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLowry" class="citation web cs1">Lowry, Brad. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.culinaryschools.org/chef-types/">"Types of Chefs: Executive Chef, Sous Chef & Celebrity Chefs – Who's Who in the Kitchen?"</a>. <i>www.culinaryschools.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.culinaryschools.org&rft.atitle=Types+of+Chefs%3A+Executive+Chef%2C+Sous+Chef+%26+Celebrity+Chefs+%E2%80%93+Who%27s+Who+in+the+Kitchen%3F&rft.aulast=Lowry&rft.aufirst=Brad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.culinaryschools.org%2Fchef-types%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChef" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA_ch_1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_ch_1_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CIA">CIA (2011)</a>. p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSophie_Brickman2010" class="citation news cs1">Sophie Brickman (September 12, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfgate.com/restaurants/article/how-french-laundry-s-chefs-reach-for-the-stars-3174992.php">"How French Laundry's chefs reach for the stars"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Chronicle&rft.atitle=How+French+Laundry%27s+chefs+reach+for+the+stars&rft.date=2010-09-12&rft.au=Sophie+Brickman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Frestaurants%2Farticle%2Fhow-french-laundry-s-chefs-reach-for-the-stars-3174992.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChef" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA_ch_2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_ch_2_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_ch_2_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CIA">CIA (2011)</a>. p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CIA">CIA (2011)</a>. pp. 8–9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAmanda_Afiya2011" class="citation web cs1">Amanda Afiya (4 August 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caterersearch.com/Articles/04/08/2011/339659/chef-revelations-kevin-gratton.htm">"Chef Revelations – Kevin Gratton"</a>. Caterer & Hotelkeeper<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chef+Revelations+%E2%80%93+Kevin+Gratton&rft.pub=Caterer+%26+Hotelkeeper&rft.date=2011-08-04&rft.au=Amanda+Afiya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.caterersearch.com%2FArticles%2F04%2F08%2F2011%2F339659%2Fchef-revelations-kevin-gratton.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChef" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kitchenwarrior.co.uk/blogs/chef/chef-training-options">chef training options</a> - kitchenwarrior.co.uk</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chef&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCaparoso2001" class="citation web cs1">Caparoso, Randal (March 19, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wineloverspage.com/randysworld/miracles.shtml">"Wine Miracles by the Bucket"</a>. <i>Wine Lovers Page</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 20,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wine+Lovers+Page&rft.atitle=Wine+Miracles+by+the+Bucket&rft.date=2001-03-19&rft.aulast=Caparoso&rft.aufirst=Randal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wineloverspage.com%2Frandysworld%2Fmiracles.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChef" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CIA" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/The_Culinary_Institute_of_America" title="The Culinary Institute of America">The Culinary Institute of America</a> (2011). <i>The Professional Chef</i> (9th ed.). <a href="/wiki/Hoboken,_New_Jersey" title="Hoboken, New Jersey">Hoboken, New Jersey</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">John Wiley & Sons</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-42135-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-42135-2"><bdi>978-0-470-42135-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/707248142">707248142</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Professional+Chef&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+New+Jersey&rft.edition=9th&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F707248142&rft.isbn=978-0-470-42135-2&rft.au=The+Culinary+Institute+of+America&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChef" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavidson2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Davidson_(food_writer)" title="Alan Davidson (food writer)">Davidson, Alan</a> (September 21, 2006) [1st ed. 1999]. Jaine, Tom; Davidson, Jane; Saberi, Helen (eds.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Companion_to_Food" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Companion to Food"><i>The Oxford Companion to Food</i></a> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280681-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280681-9"><bdi>978-0-19-280681-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+Food&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006-09-21&rft.isbn=978-0-19-280681-9&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChef" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPiercefield2008" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taylor_Piercefield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taylor Piercefield (page does not exist)">Piercefield, Taylor</a> (May 22, 2008). "Modern Tastes & Wine Pairing". <i>Wine Spectator</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wine+Spectator&rft.atitle=Modern+Tastes+%26+Wine+Pairing&rft.date=2008-05-22&rft.aulast=Piercefield&rft.aufirst=Taylor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChef" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. 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title="b:Special:Search/Chef">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Chef" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Chef">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acfchefs.org/ACF/Certify/Levels/ACF/Certify/Levels/">Official certification levels of the American Culinary Federation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.careers.govt.nz/default.aspx?id0=60103&id1=J48534">Chef training and career progression in New Zealand</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Meal" title="Meal">Meals</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Common meals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suhur" title="Suhur">Suhur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakfast" title="Breakfast">Breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_breakfast" title="Second breakfast">Second breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevenses" title="Elevenses">Elevenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_(work)" title="Break (work)">Coffee break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunch" title="Brunch">Brunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunch" title="Lunch">Lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_(meal)" title="Tea (meal)">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merienda" title="Merienda">Merienda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffin" title="Tiffin">Tiffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinner" title="Dinner">Dinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supper" title="Supper">Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iftar" title="Iftar">Iftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siu_yeh" title="Siu yeh">Siu yeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components<br />and <a href="/wiki/Course_(food)" title="Course (food)">courses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ritif_and_digestif" title="Apéritif and digestif">Apéritif and digestif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hors_d%27oeuvre" title="Hors d'oeuvre">Hors d'oeuvre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amuse-bouche" title="Amuse-bouche">Amuse-bouche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soup" title="Soup">Soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entr%C3%A9e" title="Entrée">Entrée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_course" title="Main course">Main course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salad" title="Salad">Salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_dish" title="Side dish">Side dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entremets" class="mw-redirect" title="Entremets">Entremets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessert" title="Dessert">Dessert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoury_(dish)" title="Savoury (dish)">Savoury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meal_replacement" title="Meal replacement">Meal replacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snack" title="Snack">Snack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foodservice#Table_service" title="Foodservice">Table service</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffet" title="Buffet">Buffet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Smörgåsbord">smörgåsbord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conveyor_belt_sushi" title="Conveyor belt sushi">Conveyor belt sushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish_(food)" title="Dish (food)">Dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finger_food" title="Finger food">Finger food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-course_dinner" title="Full-course dinner">Full-course dinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platter_(dinner)" class="mw-redirect" title="Platter (dinner)">Platter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod%C3%ADzio" title="Rodízio">Rodízio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Service à la française">Service à la française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_russe" title="Service à la russe">Service à la russe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_service" title="Silver service">Silver service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_plates" title="Small plates">Small plates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_reservation" title="Table reservation">Table reservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presentation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_fresco_dining" class="mw-redirect" title="Al fresco dining">Al fresco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_room" title="Dining room">Dining room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eating_utensils" title="List of eating utensils">Eating utensils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_presentation" title="Food presentation">Food presentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garnish_(cooking)" title="Garnish (cooking)">Garnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyotaimori" title="Nyotaimori">Nyotaimori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ce_mont%C3%A9e" title="Pièce montée">Pièce montée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serving_size" title="Serving size">Serving size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_setting" title="Table setting">Table setting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablecloth" title="Tablecloth">Tablecloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tableware" title="Tableware">Tableware</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dining</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dress_code" title="Dress code">Dress code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_manners" title="Table manners">Table manners</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eating_utensil_etiquette" title="Eating utensil etiquette">Eating utensil etiquette</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toast_(honor)" title="Toast (honor)">Toast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waiting_staff" title="Waiting staff">Waiting staff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anju_(food)" title="Anju (food)">Anju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipasto" title="Antipasto">Antipasto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicchetti" title="Cicchetti">Cicchetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banchan" title="Banchan">Banchan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Korean_table_d%27h%C3%B4te" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean table d'hôte">Korean table d'hôte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandeja_paisa" title="Bandeja paisa">Bandeja paisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dastarkh%C4%81n" title="Dastarkhān">Dastarkhān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dim_sum" title="Dim sum">Dim sum</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yum_cha" title="Yum cha">Yum cha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fika_(Sweden)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fika (Sweden)">Fika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izakaya" title="Izakaya">Izakaya</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sakana" title="Sakana">Sakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiseki" title="Kaiseki">Kaiseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_and_three" title="Meat and three">Meat and three</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meze" title="Meze">Meze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okazuya" title="Okazuya">Okazuya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_lunch" title="Plate lunch">Plate lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pu_pu_platter" title="Pu pu platter">Pu pu platter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_and_three" title="Rice and three">Rice and three</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijsttafel" title="Rijsttafel">Rijsttafel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadhya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadhya">Sadhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Smörgåsbord">Smörgåsbord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas" title="Tapas">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thali" title="Thali">Thali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffin" title="Tiffin">Tiffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakuski" title="Zakuski">Zakuski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Packed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airline_meal" title="Airline meal">Airline meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bento" title="Bento">Bento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convenience_food" title="Convenience food">Convenience food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dosirak" title="Dosirak">Dosirak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekiben" title="Ekiben">Ekiben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_rations" title="Emergency rations">Emergency rations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_food" title="Fast food">Fast food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_ration" title="Field ration">Field ration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frozen_meal" title="Frozen meal">Frozen meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_breakfast" title="Instant breakfast">Instant breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%ABbako" title="Jūbako">Jūbako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninja_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninja diet">Ninja diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packed_lunch" title="Packed lunch">Packed lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_food" title="Space food">Space food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take-out" title="Take-out">Take-out</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Menu" title="Menu">Menus</a> and<br />meal deals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%80_la_carte" title="À la carte">À la carte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-plate_special" title="Blue-plate special">Blue-plate special</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_meal" title="Combination meal">Combination meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_lunch" title="Free lunch">Free lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_refill" title="Free refill">Free refill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_hour" title="Happy hour">Happy hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kids%27_meal" title="Kids' meal">Kids' meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_meal" title="School meal">School meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspended_meal" title="Suspended meal">Suspended meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_d%27h%C3%B4te" title="Table d'hôte">Table d'hôte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasting_menu" title="Tasting menu">Tasting menu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Degustation" title="Degustation">Degustation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Value_menu" title="Value menu">Value menu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communal_meal" title="Communal meal">Communal meals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banquet" title="Banquet">Banquet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_banquet" title="State banquet">State banquet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">Barbecue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercium" title="Commercium">Commercium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_in" title="Dining in">Dining in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iftar" title="Iftar">Iftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picnic" title="Picnic">Picnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potluck" title="Potluck">Potluck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seder" class="mw-redirect" title="Seder">Seder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sittning" title="Sittning">Sittning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soup_kitchen" title="Soup kitchen">Soup kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supra_(feast)" title="Supra (feast)">Supra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tableround" class="mw-redirect" title="Tableround">Tableround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_party" title="Tea party">Tea party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catering" title="Catering">Catering</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">food delivery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">Food delivery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_food_ordering" title="Online food ordering">Online food ordering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_restaurant" title="Virtual restaurant">Virtual restaurant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places to eat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">Café</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafeteria" title="Cafeteria">Cafeteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_room" title="Dining room">Dining room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_truck" title="Food truck">Food truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inn" title="Inn">Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen" title="Kitchen">Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mess" title="Mess">Mess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picnic_table" title="Picnic table">Picnic table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restaurant" title="Restaurant">Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soup_kitchen" title="Soup kitchen">Soup kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_food" title="Street food">Street food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavern" title="Tavern">Tavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traiteur_(culinary_profession)" title="Traiteur (culinary profession)">Traiteur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_culture" title="Coffee culture">Coffee culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_(profession)" title="Cook (profession)">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cookbook" title="Cookbook">Cookbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culinary_arts" title="Culinary arts">Culinary arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine" title="Cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_cuisines" title="Outline of cuisines">outline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drink" title="Drink">Drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eating" title="Eating">Eating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food" title="Food">Food</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_food_and_beverage_topics" title="Lists of food and beverage topics">Lists of food and beverage topics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meal_preparation" title="Meal preparation">Meal preparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_food_preparation" title="Outline of food preparation">Outline of food preparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salumeria" title="Salumeria">Salumeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_culture" title="Tea culture">Tea culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Meals" title="Category:Meals">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Meals" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Meals">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Restaurant_staff54" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Restaurant_staff" title="Template:Restaurant staff"><abbr title="View this 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title="Waiting staff">Waiting staff</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carhop" title="Carhop">Carhop</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kitchen staff</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baker" title="Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butcher" title="Butcher">Butcher</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef_de_cuisine" title="Chef de cuisine">Chef de cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef_de_partie" title="Chef de partie">Chef de partie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_(profession)" title="Cook (profession)">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dishwasher_(occupation)" title="Dishwasher (occupation)">Dishwasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_chef" title="Pastry chef">Pastry chef</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chocolatier" title="Chocolatier">Chocolatier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saucier" title="Saucier">Saucier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sous-chef" title="Sous-chef">Sous-chef</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gratuity" title="Gratuity">Gratuity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_brigade" title="Kitchen brigade">Kitchen brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restaurant_management" title="Restaurant management">Restaurant management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restaurateur" title="Restaurateur">Restaurateur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output 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