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Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans%C4%B1z_dili_%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCn_BF%C6%8F" title="Fransız dili üçün BFƏ – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fransız dili üçün BFƏ" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A4%D9%85%DA%A9:%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82_%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="کؤمک:فرانسه دیلی‌نین بین‌الخالق فونتیکا الیفباسی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کؤمک:فرانسه دیلی‌نین بین‌الخالق فونتیکا الیفباسی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:বাংলা ভাষায় ফরাসি শব্দের প্রতিবর্ণীকরণ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:বাংলা ভাষায় ফরাসি শব্দের প্রতিবর্ণীকরণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pang-ch%C4%81n:IPA/Hoat-g%C3%AD" title="Pang-chān:IPA/Hoat-gí – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pang-chān:IPA/Hoat-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A6:IPA/French" title="मदद:IPA/French – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मदद:IPA/French" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:IPA_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Уикипедия:IPA за френски – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикипедия:IPA за френски" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayuda:AFI/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Ayuda:AFI/Francés – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ayuda:AFI/Francés" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7:%D8%A2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C" title="راهنما:آی‌پی‌ای/فرانسوی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راهنما:آی‌پی‌ای/فرانسوی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:Alphabet_phon%C3%A9tique_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Aide:Alphabet phonétique français – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aide:Alphabet phonétique français" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:IPA_for_French" title="विकिपीडिया:IPA for French – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:IPA for French" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Prancis" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Prancis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Prancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_French" title="Wikipedia:IPA for French – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Wikipedia:IPA for French" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitulung:IPA/Prancis" title="Pitulung:IPA/Prancis – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pitulung:IPA/Prancis" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:AFI/Franz%C3%ABus" title="Aiuto:AFI/Franzëus – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Aiuto:AFI/Franzëus" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%A4%D0%90_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Википедија:МФА за француски јазик – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Википедија:МФА за француски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:IPA_for_French" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:IPA for French – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:IPA for French" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Perancis" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Perancis – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Perancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8:IPA_for_French" title="ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား:IPA for French – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား:IPA for French" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA" title="ਮਦਦ:ਫ਼ਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ ਲਈ IPA – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਦਦ:ਫ਼ਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ ਲਈ IPA" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D8%AF:%D8%A2%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D9%8A_%D8%A7%DB%8C/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A" title="لارښود:آی پي ای/فرانسوي – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="لارښود:آی پي ای/فرانسوي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%B6:IPA_for_French" title="វិគីភីឌា:IPA for French – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វិគីភីឌា:IPA for French" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:AFI_para_franc%C3%AAs" title="Wikipédia:AFI para francês – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikipédia:AFI para francês" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Help:IPA/French" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Help:IPA/French" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C:IPA/French" title="یارمەتی:IPA/French – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یارمەتی:IPA/French" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Википедија:Транскрипција са француског језика – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Википедија:Транскрипција са француског језика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE:%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:பிரான்சிய ஒலிப்புக் குறிகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:பிரான்சிய ஒலிப்புக் குறிகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a 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.ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/30px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/45px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/60px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="100"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Pronunciation" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation">pronunciation key</a> for <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> transcriptions of French on Wikipedia.</b><div style="font-size: 90%;">It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of French in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">consensus</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Help_talk:IPA/French" title="Help talk:IPA/French">talk page</a> first.</div><div style="font-size: 90%;">For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>. For the distinction between <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> and ⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"> </span>⟩, see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters</a>.</div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><div style="white-space: nowrap;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="H:IPA-FR"></span><span id="H:IPAFR"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H:IPA-FR&redirect=no">H:IPA-FR</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H:IPAFR&redirect=no">H:IPAFR</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikipedia key to pronunciation of French</div> <p>The charts below show the way in which the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)</a> represents <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French language</a> pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see <a href="/wiki/Template:IPA" title="Template:IPA">Template:IPA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Pronunciation#Entering_IPA_characters" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters</a>. </p><p>French has no word-level <a href="/wiki/Stress_(linguistics)" title="Stress (linguistics)">stress</a> so stress marks should not be used in transcribing French words. See <a href="/wiki/French_phonology" title="French phonology">French phonology</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_orthography" title="French orthography">French orthography</a> for a more thorough look at the sounds of French. </p> <table style="background:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em;"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Consonants" class="mw-redirect" title="Consonants">Consonants</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">IPA</a></th> <th>Examples</th> <th>English approximation </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiced bilabial plosive">b</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>b</b>on</i></span> </td> <td>a<b>b</b>out </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_dental_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced dental plosive">d</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>d</b>eux, gran<b>d</b>e, <b>D</b>jibouti</i></span> </td> <td>to<b>d</b>ay </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative">f</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>f</b>aire, vi<b>f</b></i></span> </td> <td><b>f</b>estival </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>g</b>arçon, lon<b>gu</b>e</i></span> </td> <td>a<b>g</b>ain </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>c</b>orps, ave<b>c</b>, <b>qu</b>and, Ira<b>k</b></i></span> </td> <td>s<b>k</b>y </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar lateral approximant">l</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>l</b>aisser, possib<b>l</b>e, seu<b>l</b>, vi<b>ll</b>e</i></span> </td> <td><b>l</b>aw </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_nasal" title="Voiced bilabial nasal">m</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>m</b>ê<b>m</b>e</i></span> </td> <td><b>m</b>oo </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_dental_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced dental nasal">n</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>n</b>ous, bo<b>nn</b>e</i></span> </td> <td><b>n</b>o </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_nasal" title="Voiced palatal nasal">ɲ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">ga<b>gn</b>er, champa<b>gn</b>e</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ca<b>ny</b>on </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_nasal" title="Voiced velar nasal">ŋ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">campi<b>ng</b>, fu<b>n</b>k</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>campi<b>ng</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">p</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>p</b>ère, grou<b>p</b>e</i></span> </td> <td>s<b>p</b>y </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_uvular_fricative" title="Voiced uvular fricative">ʁ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>r</b>ega<b>r</b>der, nôt<b>r</b>e</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Scottish_English" title="Scottish English">Scottish English</a></i> lo<b>ch</b>, <i>but <a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">voiced</a>; <a href="/wiki/Northumbrian_burr" title="Northumbrian burr">Northumbrian burr</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless alveolar fricative">s</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>s</b>ans, <b>ç</b>a, a<b>ss</b>ez, <b>s</b>oi<b>x</b>ante, <b>s</b>i<b>x</b></i></span> </td> <td><b>s</b>ir </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless postalveolar fricative">ʃ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>ch</b>ance, t<b>ch</b>èque</i></span> </td> <td><b>sh</b>oe </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_dental_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless dental plosive">t</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>t</b>out, <b>th</b>é, <b>t</b>chèque</i></span> </td> <td>s<b>t</b>y </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiced labiodental fricative">v</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>v</b>ous, <b>w</b>agon, neu<b>f</b><span class="nowrap"> </span>heures</i></span> </td> <td><b>v</b>ein </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiced alveolar fricative">z</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>z</b>éro, rai<b>s</b>on, cho<b>s</b>e, deu<b>x</b>ième</i></span> </td> <td><b>z</b>eal </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiced postalveolar fricative">ʒ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>j</b>amais, visa<b>g</b>e, D<b>j</b>ibouti</i></span> </td> <td>mea<b>s</b>ure </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Semivowels" class="mw-redirect" title="Semivowels">Semivowels</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_approximant" title="Voiced palatal approximant">j</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">f<b>i</b>ef, pa<b>y</b>er, fi<b>ll</b>e, trava<b>il</b>, <b>hi</b>er</i></span> </td> <td><b>y</b>et </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Voiced labial–velar approximant">w</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>ou</b>i, l<b>o</b>i, m<b>o</b>yen, <b>w</b>eb, <b>w</b>hisky</i></span> </td> <td><b>w</b>et </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93palatal_approximant" title="Voiced labial–palatal approximant">ɥ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">h<b>u</b>it, P<b>u</b>y</i></span> </td> <td><i>between</i> <b>w</b>et <i>and</i> <b>y</b>et </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em 2em;"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Vowels" class="mw-redirect" title="Vowels">Vowels</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Oral vowels </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">IPA</a></th> <th>Examples</th> <th>English approximation </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">a</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">p<b>a</b>tte, l<b>à</b>, f<b>e</b>mme</i></span> </td> <td>tr<b>a</b>p </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Open back unrounded vowel">ɑ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">p<b>â</b>te, gl<b>a</b>s</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-merger_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merger-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>f<b>a</b>ther </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel">e</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">cl<b>é</b>, <b>et</b>, l<b>es</b>, ch<b>ez</b>, all<b>er</b>, pi<b>ed</b>, journ<b>é</b>e</i></span> </td> <td>m<b>a</b>ce </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front unrounded vowel">ɛ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">b<b>aie</b>, f<b>ai</b>te, m<b>e</b>ttre, r<b>e</b>nne, cr<b>è</b>me, p<b>ei</b>ne, viol<b>et</b></i></span> </td> <td>b<b>e</b>st </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front unrounded vowel">ɛː</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">f<b>ê</b>te, m<b>aî</b>tre, r<b>ei</b>ne, r<b>eî</b>tre, c<b>ai</b>sse, pr<b>e</b>sse, Lev<b>es</b>que</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-merger_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merger-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>f<b>ai</b>ry </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Mid_central_vowel" title="Mid central vowel">ə</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">r<b>e</b>poser, m<b>on</b>sieur, f<b>ai</b>sons</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>a</b>gain <i>(often <a href="/wiki/Elision" title="Elision">elided</a>, see <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/E_muet" class="mw-redirect" title="E muet">e muet</a></i></span>)</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close front unrounded vowel">i</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">s<b>i</b>, <b>î</b>le, rég<b>ie</b>, pa<b>y</b>s, f<b>i</b>ls</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-lax-qc_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lax-qc-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>s<b>ea</b>t </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front rounded vowel">œ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">s<b>œu</b>r, j<b>eu</b>ne</i></span> </td> <td>b<b>ir</b>d <i>(<a href="/wiki/Received_Pronunciation" title="Received Pronunciation">RP</a>)</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front rounded vowel">ø</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">c<b>eu</b>x, j<b>eû</b>ner, qu<b>eue</b></i></span> </td> <td>b<b>ur</b>n <i>(RP)</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel">o</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">s<b>au</b>t, h<b>au</b>t, bur<b>eau</b>, ch<b>o</b>se, t<b>ô</b>t, c<b>ô</b>ne</i></span> </td> <td>st<b>o</b>ry </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid back rounded vowel">ɔ</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">s<b>o</b>rt, minim<b>u</b>m, p<b>o</b>mme</i></span> </td> <td><b>o</b>ff </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close back rounded vowel">u</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">c<b>ou</b>p, r<b>oue</b></i></span><sup id="cite_ref-lax-qc_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lax-qc-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>p<b>oo</b>l </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_front_rounded_vowel" title="Close front rounded vowel">y</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">t<b>u</b>, s<b>û</b>r, r<b>ue</b></i></span><sup id="cite_ref-lax-qc_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lax-qc-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>roughly like</i> t<b>oo</b> <i>in some dialects such as <a href="/wiki/Australian_English" title="Australian English">Australian</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-y_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-y-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> somewhat like</i> c<b>u</b>te <i>in other dialects; <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a></i> <span title="German-language text"><span lang="de" style="font-style: normal;"><b>ü</b>ber</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowels" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasal vowels">Nasal vowels</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">ɑ̃</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">s<b>an</b>s, ch<b>am</b>p, v<b>en</b>t, t<b>em</b>ps, J<b>ean</b>, t<b>aon</b></i></span> </td> <td><i>roughly like</i> s<b>ong</b>; <i>nasalized</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Open_back_rounded_vowel" title="Open back rounded vowel">ɒ</a>]</span> (Europe) <i>or</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">a</a>]</span> (Canada) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">ɛ̃</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">v<b>in</b>, <b>im</b>pair, p<b>ain</b>, d<b>aim</b>, pl<b>ein</b>, R<b>eim</b>s, s<b>yn</b>thèse, s<b>ym</b>pathique, bi<b>en</b></i></span> </td> <td><i>roughly like</i> h<b>ang</b>; <i>nasalized</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel">æ</a>]</span> (Europe) <i>or</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Semivowel" title="Semivowel">ei̯</a>]</span> (Canada) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">œ̃</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><b>un</b>, parf<b>um</b></i></span><sup id="cite_ref-merger_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merger-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>roughly like non-rhotic</i> b<b>urn</b>; <i>nasalized</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front rounded vowel">œ</a>]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">ɔ̃</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">s<b>on</b>, n<b>om</b></i></span> </td> <td><i>roughly like Australian</i> dr<b>awn</b>; <i>nasalized</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel">o</a>]</span> (Europe) <i>or</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Semivowel" title="Semivowel">ou̯</a>]</span> (Canada) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em 2em;"> <caption><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Suprasegmentals" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">Suprasegmentals</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">IPA</a> </th> <th>Example</th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Syllable" title="Syllable">.</a></span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">p<b>ay</b>s</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[pe.i]</span><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>syllable boundary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">‿</span></big> </td> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">le<b>s</b> agneaux</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[lez‿aɲo]</span>,<br/> <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">gran<b>d</b>-oncle</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɡʁɑ̃t‿ɔ̃kl]</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liaison_(French)" title="Liaison (French)">liaison</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/French&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_French_IPA" title="Category:Pages with French IPA">Category:Pages with French IPA</a> (47,526)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Notes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Notes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Notes"></span>Notes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Notes"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/French&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In <a href="/wiki/European_French" title="European French">European French</a>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_nasal" title="Voiced palatal nasal">ɲ</a>/</span> is merging with <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/nj/</span>, but in <a href="/wiki/Quebec_French" title="Quebec French">Quebec</a>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɲ/</span> is distinguished from <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/nj/</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In European French, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_nasal" title="Voiced velar nasal">ŋ</a>/</span> is often pronounced <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ŋɡ]</span>. In Quebec, some speakers merge it with <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɲ/</span> and some speakers pronounce it exactly as in English.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The French <a href="/wiki/Rhotic_consonant" title="Rhotic consonant">rhotic</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʁ/</span> is usually <a href="/wiki/Guttural_R#French" title="Guttural R">guttural</a> (uvular), but it varies by region. For example, in Quebec, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_uvular_fricative" title="Voiced uvular fricative">ʁ</a>]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_trill" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar trill">r</a>]</span>, and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_uvular_trill" title="Voiced uvular trill">ʀ</a>]</span> are all used, but nowadays, most speakers use <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʁ]</span>. This sound may also be <a href="/wiki/Devoiced" class="mw-redirect" title="Devoiced">devoiced</a> to <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_uvular_fricative" title="Voiceless uvular fricative">χ</a>]</span> in certain contexts; see <a href="/wiki/French_phonology#Consonants" title="French phonology">French phonology § Consonants</a> for details.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-merger-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-merger_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-merger_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-merger_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In <a href="/wiki/Parisian_French" class="mw-redirect" title="Parisian French">Parisian French</a>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/œ̃/</span> is usually merged with <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɛ̃/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɑ/</span> is often merged with <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span>, and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɛː/</span> is normally merged with <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɛ/</span>. These pairs are always distinguished in <a href="/wiki/Belgian_French" title="Belgian French">Belgian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swiss_French" title="Swiss French">Swiss</a>, and Quebec French.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_French" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan French">Metropolitan French</a>, while <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ə/</span> is phonologically distinct, its phonetic quality tends to coincide with either <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ø/</span> or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/œ/</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lax-qc-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lax-qc_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lax-qc_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lax-qc_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In Quebec, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/u/</span>, and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/y/</span> may be <a href="/wiki/Laxness_(phonetics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Laxness (phonetics)">laxed</a> before a consonant to <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-front unrounded vowel">ɪ</a>]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-back rounded vowel">ʊ</a>]</span>, and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-front rounded vowel">ʏ</a>]</span>, e.g. <ul><li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">f<b>i</b>lm</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[f<b>ɪ</b>lm]</span> "k<b>i</b>t"</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">r<b>ou</b>te</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʁ<b>ʊ</b>t]</span> "f<b>oo</b>t"</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">j<b>u</b>pe</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʒ<b>ʏ</b>p]</span> roughly like <a href="/wiki/Scottish_English" title="Scottish English">Scottish</a> "g<b>oo</b>se"; <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> <span title="German-language text"><span lang="de" style="font-style: normal;">"m<b>ü</b>ssen"</span></span></li></ul> For more details, see <a href="/wiki/Quebec_French_phonology#Vowels" title="Quebec French phonology">Quebec French phonology § Vowels</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-y-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-y_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">More dialects include <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_English" title="New Zealand English">New Zealand</a>, most accents of <a href="/wiki/Southern_England_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern England English">Southern England</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Multicultural_London_English" title="Multicultural London English">Multicultural London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cockney" title="Cockney">Cockney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estuary_English" title="Estuary English">Estuary</a> and modern <a href="/wiki/Received_Pronunciation" title="Received Pronunciation">Received Pronunciation</a>), <a href="/wiki/Scouse" title="Scouse">Scouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manchester_dialect" title="Manchester dialect">Mancunian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_English" title="Scottish English">Scottish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulster_English" title="Ulster English">Ulster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_American_English" title="Southern American English">Southern American</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midland_American_English" title="Midland American English">Midland American</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_English" title="Philadelphia English">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore English">Baltimore</a>, and younger <a href="/wiki/California_English" title="California English">Californian</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The syllable break ⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa">.</span>⟩ is used sparingly.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_keys" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_keys" title="Template:IPA keys"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IPA_keys" title="Template talk:IPA keys"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IPA_keys" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IPA keys"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_Phonetic_Alphabet_keys" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> keys</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Adyghe" title="Help:IPA/Adyghe">Adyghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Afrikaans" title="Help:IPA/Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Albanian" title="Help:IPA/Albanian">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Amharic" title="Help:IPA/Amharic">Amharic</a></li> <li>Arabic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">Modern Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Egyptian_Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Egyptian Arabic">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hejazi_Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Hejazi Arabic">Hejazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lebanese_Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Lebanese Arabic">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tunisian_Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Tunisian Arabic">Tunisian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Armenian" title="Help:IPA/Armenian">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Assamese" title="Help:IPA/Assamese">Assamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese" title="Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese">Asturian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Australian_languages" title="Help:IPA/Australian languages">Australian languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Azerbaijani" title="Help:IPA/Azerbaijani">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Basque" title="Help:IPA/Basque">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Belarusian" title="Help:IPA/Belarusian">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Bengali" title="Help:IPA/Bengali">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Berber" title="Help:IPA/Berber">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Breton" title="Help:IPA/Breton">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Bulgarian" title="Help:IPA/Bulgarian">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese" title="Help:IPA/Burmese">Burmese</a></li> <li>Catalan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Catalan" title="Help:IPA/Catalan">Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Insular_Catalan" title="Help:IPA/Insular Catalan">Insular</a></li></ul></li> <li>Chinese <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">Mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Taiwanese_Hokkien" title="Help:IPA/Taiwanese Hokkien">Hokkien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Jin_Chinese" title="Help:IPA/Jin Chinese">Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Wu_Chinese" title="Help:IPA/Wu Chinese">Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Xiang_Chinese" title="Help:IPA/Xiang Chinese">Xiang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Corsican" title="Help:IPA/Corsican">Corsican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Czech" title="Help:IPA/Czech">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Danish" title="Help:IPA/Danish">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Persian" title="Help:IPA/Persian">Dari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Dutch" title="Help:IPA/Dutch">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">English</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Old_English" title="Help:IPA/Old English">Old English</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Emilian-Romagnol" title="Help:IPA/Emilian-Romagnol">Emilian-Romagnol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Esperanto" title="Help:IPA/Esperanto">Esperanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Estonian" title="Help:IPA/Estonian">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese" title="Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese">Extremaduran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Fijian" title="Help:IPA/Fijian">Fijian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Finnish" title="Help:IPA/Finnish">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Franco-Proven%C3%A7al" title="Help:IPA/Franco-Provençal">Franco-Provençal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Galician" title="Help:IPA/Galician">Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Georgian" title="Help:IPA/Georgian">Georgian</a></li> <li>German <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Alemannic_German" title="Help:IPA/Alemannic German">Alemannic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Colognian" title="Help:IPA/Colognian">Colognian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greenlandic" title="Help:IPA/Greenlandic">Greenlandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Gujarati" title="Help:IPA/Gujarati">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Haitian_Creole" title="Help:IPA/Haitian Creole">Haitian Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hawaiian" title="Help:IPA/Hawaiian">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hebrew" title="Help:IPA/Hebrew">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hmong" title="Help:IPA/Hmong">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hungarian" title="Help:IPA/Hungarian">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Icelandic" title="Help:IPA/Icelandic">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Igbo" title="Help:IPA/Igbo">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malay" title="Help:IPA/Malay">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Inuktitut" title="Help:IPA/Inuktitut">Inuktitut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Inupiaq" title="Help:IPA/Inupiaq">Inupiaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Irish" title="Help:IPA/Irish">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lao" title="Help:IPA/Lao">Isan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">Italian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Central_Italian" title="Help:IPA/Central Italian">Central</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Kazakh" title="Help:IPA/Kazakh">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Khmer" title="Help:IPA/Khmer">Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Korean" title="Help:IPA/Korean">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Kurdish" title="Help:IPA/Kurdish">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Kyrgyz" title="Help:IPA/Kyrgyz">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lakota" title="Help:IPA/Lakota">Lakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lao" title="Help:IPA/Lao">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Latin" title="Help:IPA/Latin">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Latvian" title="Help:IPA/Latvian">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Ligurian" title="Help:IPA/Ligurian">Ligurian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lithuanian" title="Help:IPA/Lithuanian">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Lombard" title="Help:IPA/Lombard">Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Luxembourgish" title="Help:IPA/Luxembourgish">Luxembourgish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Macedonian" title="Help:IPA/Macedonian">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malagasy" title="Help:IPA/Malagasy">Malagasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malay" title="Help:IPA/Malay">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malayalam" title="Help:IPA/Malayalam">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Maltese" title="Help:IPA/Maltese">Maltese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Manx" title="Help:IPA/Manx">Manx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/M%C4%81ori" title="Help:IPA/Māori">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Marathi" title="Help:IPA/Marathi">Marathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Marshallese" title="Help:IPA/Marshallese">Marshallese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mauritian_Creole" title="Help:IPA/Mauritian Creole">Mauritian Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mayan" title="Help:IPA/Mayan">Mayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mongolian" title="Help:IPA/Mongolian">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese" title="Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese">Mirandese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nahuatl" title="Help:IPA/Nahuatl">Nahuatl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Navajo" title="Help:IPA/Navajo">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Neapolitan" title="Help:IPA/Neapolitan">Neapolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nepali" title="Help:IPA/Nepali">Nepali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Northern_Thai" title="Help:IPA/Northern Thai">Northern Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Norwegian" title="Help:IPA/Norwegian">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Occitan" title="Help:IPA/Occitan">Occitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Odia" title="Help:IPA/Odia">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Pashto" title="Help:IPA/Pashto">Pashto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Persian" title="Help:IPA/Persian">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Piedmontese" title="Help:IPA/Piedmontese">Piedmontese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Punjabi" title="Help:IPA/Punjabi">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Quechua" title="Help:IPA/Quechua">Quechua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian" title="Help:IPA/Romanian">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Romansh" title="Help:IPA/Romansh">Romansh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sanskrit" title="Help:IPA/Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sardinian" title="Help:IPA/Sardinian">Sardinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Help:IPA/Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian" title="Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Shan_and_Tai_Lue" title="Help:IPA/Shan and Tai Lue">Shan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sicilian" title="Help:IPA/Sicilian">Sicilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Slovak" title="Help:IPA/Slovak">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Slovene" title="Help:IPA/Slovene">Slovene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sorbian" title="Help:IPA/Sorbian">Sorbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Swahili" title="Help:IPA/Swahili">Swahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nguni" title="Help:IPA/Nguni">Swazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Swedish" title="Help:IPA/Swedish">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sylheti" title="Help:IPA/Sylheti">Sylheti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tagalog" title="Help:IPA/Tagalog">Tagalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Shan_and_Tai_Lue" title="Help:IPA/Shan and Tai Lue">Tai Lue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Persian" title="Help:IPA/Persian">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tamil" title="Help:IPA/Tamil">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tatar" title="Help:IPA/Tatar">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Telugu" title="Help:IPA/Telugu">Telugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Thai" title="Help:IPA/Thai">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tibetan" title="Help:IPA/Tibetan">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tigrinya" title="Help:IPA/Tigrinya">Tigrinya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Turkish" title="Help:IPA/Turkish">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Turkmen" title="Help:IPA/Turkmen">Turkmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Ukrainian" title="Help:IPA/Ukrainian">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">Urdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Uzbek" title="Help:IPA/Uzbek">Uzbek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Venetian" title="Help:IPA/Venetian">Venetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Vietnamese" title="Help:IPA/Vietnamese">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Walloon" title="Help:IPA/Walloon">Walloon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Welsh" title="Help:IPA/Welsh">Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/West_Frisian" title="Help:IPA/West Frisian">West Frisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nguni" title="Help:IPA/Nguni">Xhosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Yiddish" title="Help:IPA/Yiddish">Yiddish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Yoruba" title="Help:IPA/Yoruba">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Zhuang" title="Help:IPA/Zhuang">Zhuang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nguni" title="Help:IPA/Nguni">Zulu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparisons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Conventions_for_English" title="Help:IPA/Conventions for English">IPA conventions for English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart_for_English_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="International Phonetic Alphabet chart for English dialects">English dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">Wikipedia pronunciation respelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pronunciation_respelling_for_English" title="Pronunciation respelling for English">Other English pronunciation respellings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Introductory guides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Introduction" title="Help:IPA/Introduction">For English speakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Pronunciation" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation">Manual of Style: Pronunciation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/French&oldid=1259770540">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/French&oldid=1259770540</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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