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<span>Implications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Implications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Response_to_abandonware" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Response_to_abandonware"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Response to abandonware</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Response_to_abandonware-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Response to abandonware subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Response_to_abandonware-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_abandonware_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_abandonware_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Early abandonware websites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_abandonware_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Archives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Community_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Community_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Community support</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Community_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Re-releases_by_digital_distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Re-releases_by_digital_distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Re-releases by digital distribution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Re-releases_by_digital_distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arguments_for_and_against_distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arguments_for_and_against_distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Arguments for and against distribution</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arguments_for_and_against_distribution-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Arguments for and against distribution subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Arguments_for_and_against_distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-From_proponents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_proponents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>From proponents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_proponents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-From_game_developers_with_sympathy_with_abandonware" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_game_developers_with_sympathy_with_abandonware"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>From game developers with sympathy with abandonware</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_game_developers_with_sympathy_with_abandonware-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Law</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Law-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Law subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Enforcement_of_copyright" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enforcement_of_copyright"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Enforcement of copyright</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enforcement_of_copyright-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DMCA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DMCA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>DMCA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DMCA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-US_copyright_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#US_copyright_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>US copyright law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-US_copyright_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-EU_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#EU_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>EU law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-EU_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Copyright_expiration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Copyright_expiration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Copyright expiration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Copyright_expiration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternatives_to_software_abandoning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternatives_to_software_abandoning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Alternatives to software abandoning</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Alternatives_to_software_abandoning-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Alternatives to software abandoning subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Alternatives_to_software_abandoning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Availability_as_freeware" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Availability_as_freeware"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Availability as freeware</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Availability_as_freeware-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Support_by_source_code_release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Support_by_source_code_release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Support by source code release</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Support_by_source_code_release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="برمجيات مهجورة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برمجيات مهجورة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programari_descatalogat" title="Programari descatalogat – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Programari descatalogat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BClgvara" title="Hülgvara – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hülgvara" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="یتیم‌افزار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یتیم‌افزار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logiciel_abandonn%C3%A9" title="Logiciel abandonné – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Logiciel abandonné" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%B0%B4%EB%8D%98%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4" title="어밴던웨어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="어밴던웨어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perangkat_lunak_telantar" title="Perangkat lunak telantar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perangkat lunak telantar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%83%B3%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A2" title="アバンダンウェア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アバンダンウェア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87" title="ซอฟต์แวร์ทอดทิ้ง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซอฟต์แวร์ทอดทิ้ง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terk_edilmi%C5%9F_yaz%C4%B1l%C4%B1m" title="Terk edilmiş yazılım – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Terk edilmiş yazılım" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonware" title="Abandonware – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Abandonware" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%80%81%E8%BB%9F%E4%BB%B6" title="老軟件 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="老軟件" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%80%81%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="老软件 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="老软件" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q281039#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ware#Etymology_2" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:-ware">-ware</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <p><b>Abandonware</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Product_(business)" title="Product (business)">product</a>, typically <a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a>, ignored by its owner and manufacturer, which can no longer be found for sale, and for which no official support is available and cannot be bought.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Within an <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual rights</a> contextual background, abandonware is a software (or hardware) sub-case of the general concept of <i><a href="/wiki/Orphan_work" title="Orphan work">orphan works</a></i>. <a href="#Museums">Museums</a> and various organizations dedicated to preserving this software continue to provide legal access.<sup id="cite_ref-BandoNot.NYT2000_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BandoNot.NYT2000-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "abandonware" is broad and encompasses many types of old software. Definitions of "abandoned" vary, but in general it is like any item that is abandoned –  it is ignored by the owner, and as such, product support and possibly copyright enforcement are also "abandoned".<sup id="cite_ref-Krauth2005_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krauth2005-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Commercial software unsupported but still owned by a viable company</dt> <dd>The availability of the software depends on the company's attitude toward the software. In many cases, the company which owns the software rights may not be that which originated it, or may not recognize their ownership. Some companies, such as <a href="/wiki/Borland" title="Borland">Borland</a>, make some software available online,<sup id="cite_ref-edn_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edn-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the form of <a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">freeware</a>. Others, such as Microsoft and Ubisoft, do not make old versions available for <a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">free use</a> and do not permit people to copy the software.</dd> <dt>Commercial software owned by a company no longer in business</dt> <dd>When no owning entity of a software exists, all activities (support, distribution, <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">IP</a> activities etc.) in relationship to this software have ceased. If the rights to a software are non-recoverable in legal limbo ("orphaned work"), the software's rights cannot be bought by another company, and there is no company to enforce the copyright. An example of this is <a href="/wiki/Digital_Research" title="Digital Research">Digital Research</a>'s original <a href="/wiki/PL/I" title="PL/I">PL/I</a> compiler for <a href="/wiki/DOS" title="DOS">DOS</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was considered for many years as without an owner. <a href="/wiki/Micro_Focus" title="Micro Focus">Micro Focus</a>, which acquired <a href="/wiki/Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a>, which had bought Digital Research's assets, owns this old PL/I compiler, but has a more up-to-date PL/I offering.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Shareware" title="Shareware">Shareware</a> whose author still makes it available</dt> <dd>Finding historical versions, however, can be difficult since most shareware archives remove past versions with the release of new versions. Authors may or may not make older releases available. Some websites collect and offer for download old versions of <a href="/wiki/Shareware" title="Shareware">shareware</a>, freeware, and (in some cases) commercial applications. In some cases these sites had to remove past versions of software, particularly if the company producing that software still maintains it, or if later software releases introduce <a href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">digital rights management</a>, whereby old versions could be viewed as DRM circumvention.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></dd> <dt>Unsupported or unmaintained shareware</dt> <dd>Occasionally the author of said software will detach from their creation (due to their death in some cases); in the case of <a href="/wiki/Trialware" class="mw-redirect" title="Trialware">trialware</a>, access to the full license could become unavailable after all commercial (rented) links expire, rendering the program impossible to access after the trial ends. This is the case of programs such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=ClickRepair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ClickRepair (page does not exist)">ClickRepair</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open-source</a> and freeware programs that have been abandoned</dt> <dd>In some cases, source code remains available, which can prove a historical artifact. One such case is <a href="/wiki/PC-LISP" title="PC-LISP">PC-LISP</a>, still found online, which implements the <a href="/wiki/Franz_Lisp" title="Franz Lisp">Franz Lisp</a> dialect. The DOS-based PC-LISP still runs well within emulators and on <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>.</dd> <dt>Orphaned code</dt> <dd>The source code or executable might still be available, but the author is unknown or only identified by a dead email or equivalent, and there is no realistic prospect of finding the owner of the IP.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Implications">Implications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Implications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>If a software product reaches <a href="/wiki/End-of-life_product" title="End-of-life product">end-of-life</a> and becomes abandonware, users are confronted with several potential problems: missing purchase availability (besides used software) and missing <a href="/wiki/Technical_support" title="Technical support">technical support</a>, e.g. compatibility fixes for newer hardware and operating systems. These problems are exacerbated if software is bound to physical media with a limited life-expectancy (<a href="/wiki/Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">floppy disks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Optical_media" class="mw-redirect" title="Optical media">optical media</a> etc.) and backups are impossible because of <a href="/wiki/Copy_protection" title="Copy protection">copy protection</a> or copyright law. If a software is distributed only in a <a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution" title="Digital distribution">digital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">DRM</a>-locked form<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or as <a href="/wiki/SaaS" class="mw-redirect" title="SaaS">SaaS</a>, the shutdown of the servers will lead to a public loss of the software. If the software product is without alternatives, the missing replacement availability becomes a challenge for continued software usage. </p><p>Once a software product becomes abandonware, there is a high risk that the <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> becomes lost or irrecoverable even for its original developers, as multiple cases have shown.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of many examples is the closure of <a href="/wiki/Atari" title="Atari">Atari</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sunnyvale,_California" title="Sunnyvale, California">Sunnyvale, California</a> in 1996, when the original source codes of several milestones of video game history (such as <a href="/wiki/Asteroids_(video_game)" title="Asteroids (video game)">Asteroids</a> and <a href="/wiki/Centipede_(video_game)" title="Centipede (video game)">Centipede</a>) were thrown out as trash, some of which were later recovered.<sup id="cite_ref-atari1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atari1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-atari2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atari2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unavailability of software and the associated source code can also be a hindrance for <a href="/wiki/Software_archaeology" title="Software archaeology">software archaeology</a> and research.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Response_to_abandonware">Response to abandonware</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Response to abandonware"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_abandonware_websites">Early abandonware websites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early abandonware websites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As response to the missing availability of abandonware, people have distributed old software since shortly after the beginning of <a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computing</a>, but the activity remained low-key until the advent of the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>. While trading old games has taken many names and forms, the term "abandonware" was coined by Peter Ringering in late 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-ARingFAQ_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARingFAQ-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ringering found classic game websites similar to his own, contacted their webmasters, and formed the original <i>Abandonware Ring</i> in February 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-ARingFAQ_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARingFAQ-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This original <a href="/wiki/Webring" title="Webring">webring</a> was little more than a collection of sites linking to adventureclassicgaming.com. Another was a site indexing them all to provide a rudimentary search facility. In October 1997, the <a href="/wiki/Interactive_Digital_Software_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Interactive Digital Software Association">Interactive Digital Software Association</a> sent <a href="/wiki/Cease_and_desist" title="Cease and desist">cease and desist</a> letters to all sites within the Abandonware Ring, which led to most shutting down. An <a href="/wiki/Streisand_effect" title="Streisand effect">unintended consequence</a> was that it spurred others to create new abandonware sites and organizations that came to outnumber the original Ring members. Sites formed after the demise of the original Abandonware Ring include <a href="/wiki/Abandonia" title="Abandonia">Abandonia</a>, Bunny Abandonware and <a href="/wiki/Home_of_the_Underdogs" title="Home of the Underdogs">Home of the Underdogs</a>. In later years abandonware websites actively acquired and received permissions from developers and copyright holders (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Minter" title="Jeff Minter">Jeff Minter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnetic_Fields_(video_game_developer)" title="Magnetic Fields (video game developer)">Magnetic Fields</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Gremlin_Interactive" title="Gremlin Interactive">Gremlin Interactive</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) for legal redistribution of abandoned works;<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an example is <i><a href="/wiki/World_of_Spectrum" class="mw-redirect" title="World of Spectrum">World of Spectrum</a></i> who acquired the permission from many developers and successfully retracted a DMCA case.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archives">Archives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Archives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several websites archive abandonware for download, including old versions of applications that are difficult to find by any other means. Much of this software fits the definition of "software that is no longer current, but is still of interest", but the line separating the use and distribution of abandonware from <a href="/wiki/Copyright_infringement" title="Copyright infringement">copyright infringement</a> is blurry, and the term <i>abandonware</i> could be used to distribute software without proper notification of the owner. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a> has created an archive of what it describes as "vintage software", as a way to preserve them.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project advocated for an exemption from the United States <a href="/wiki/Digital_Millennium_Copyright_Act" title="Digital Millennium Copyright Act">Digital Millennium Copyright Act</a> to permit them to bypass copy protection, which was approved in 2003 for a period of three years.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exemption was renewed in 2006, and as of 27 October 2009<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, has been indefinitely extended pending further rulemakings.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Archive does not offer this software for download, as the exemption is solely "for the purpose of preservation or archival reproduction of published digital works by a library or archive."<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, in 2013 the Internet Archive began to provide antique games as <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">browser</a>-playable emulation via <a href="/wiki/Multi_Emulator_Super_System" title="Multi Emulator Super System">MESS</a>, for instance the <a href="/wiki/Atari_2600" title="Atari 2600">Atari 2600</a> game <i><a href="/wiki/E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial_(video_game)" title="E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (video game)">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 23 December 2014 the Internet Archive presents via a browser based <a href="/wiki/DOSBox" title="DOSBox">DOSBox</a> emulation thousands of archived <a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">DOS</a>/<a href="/wiki/PC_game" title="PC game">PC games</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for <i>"scholarship and research purposes only"</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Starting around 2006, The <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> began the long-time preservation of video games with the <i><a href="/wiki/Game_canon" title="Game canon">Game canon</a></i> list.<sup id="cite_ref-New_York_Times_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_York_Times-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2012 the collection had nearly 3,000 games from many platforms and also around 1,500 strategy guides.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance, the <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> of the unreleased <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Portable" title="PlayStation Portable">PlayStation Portable</a> game <i><a href="/wiki/Duke_Nukem:_Critical_Mass" title="Duke Nukem: Critical Mass">Duke Nukem: Critical Mass</a></i> was discovered in August 2014 to be preserved at the Library of Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since around 2009 the <a href="/wiki/International_Center_for_the_History_of_Electronic_Games" title="International Center for the History of Electronic Games">International Center for the History of Electronic Games</a> (ICHEG) has taken a five-pronged approach to video game preservation: original software and hardware, marketing materials and publications, production records, play capture, and finally the source code.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2013 the ICHEG received a donation of several <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Simulations,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic Simulations, Inc.">SSI</a> video games, for instance <a href="/wiki/Computer_Bismarck" title="Computer Bismarck">Computer Bismarck</a>, including the source code for preservation.<sup id="cite_ref-ICHEGSSI_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICHEGSSI-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ICHEGSSI2_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICHEGSSI2-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014 a collection of <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%B8derbund" class="mw-redirect" title="Brøderbund">Brøderbund</a> games<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a "virtually complete" Atari arcade machine source code and asset collection was added.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010 <a href="/wiki/Computer_History_Museum" title="Computer History Museum">Computer History Museum</a> began with the preservation of source code of important software, beginning with <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a>'s <a href="/wiki/MacPaint" title="MacPaint">MacPaint</a> 1.3.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012 the <a href="/wiki/APL_(programming_language)" title="APL (programming language)">APL</a> <a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming language</a> followed.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems, Inc.">Adobe Systems, Inc.</a> donated the <a href="/wiki/Photoshop" class="mw-redirect" title="Photoshop">Photoshop</a> 1.0.1 source code to the collection in February 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The source code is made available to the public under an own non-commercial license. On March 25, 2014, Microsoft followed with the donation of MS-DOS variants as well as <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Word" title="Microsoft Word">Word for Windows</a> 1.1a under their own license.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 21, 2014, <a href="/wiki/Xerox_Alto" title="Xerox Alto">Xerox Alto</a>'s source code and other resources followed.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012 a group of European museums and organizations started the <i>European Federation of Game Archives, Museums and Preservation Projects</i> (EFGAMP) to join forces to <i>"Preserve Gaming Legacy"</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in Japan video game software archival happens since several years.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012 the <a href="/wiki/MOMA" class="mw-redirect" title="MOMA">MOMA</a> started with archiving video games and explicitly tries to get the source code of them.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are also some cases in which the source code of games was given to a <a href="/wiki/Fan_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Fan community">fan community</a> for long-time preservation, e.g. several titles of the <i><a href="/wiki/Wing_Commander_(video_game)" title="Wing Commander (video game)">Wing Commander</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video game</a> series<sup id="cite_ref-WC1sourcecode_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WC1sourcecode-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WC3sourcecode_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WC3sourcecode-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wc4source_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wc4source-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Ultima_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultima 9">Ultima 9</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ultima_series" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultima series">Ultima series</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-u9code_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-u9code-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Community_support">Community support</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Community support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In response to the missing software support, sometimes the software's <a href="/wiki/User_community" class="mw-redirect" title="User community">user community</a> begins to provide support (<a href="/wiki/Bug_fix" class="mw-redirect" title="Bug fix">bug fixes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forward_compatibility" title="Forward compatibility">compatibility adaptions</a> etc.) even without available source code, internal software documentation and original developer tools.<sup id="cite_ref-rec_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rec-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Methods are <a href="/wiki/Debugging" title="Debugging">debugging</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reverse_engineering" title="Reverse engineering">reverse engineering</a> of file and data formats, and <a href="/wiki/ROM_hacking" title="ROM hacking">hacking</a> the binary <a href="/wiki/Executable" title="Executable">executables</a>. Often the results are distributed as <a href="/wiki/Unofficial_patch" title="Unofficial patch">unofficial patches</a>. Notable examples are <i><a href="/wiki/Fallout_2" title="Fallout 2">Fallout 2</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Vampire:_The_Masquerade_%E2%80%93_Bloodlines" title="Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines">Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-bloodlinespatch_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloodlinespatch-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or even <a href="/wiki/Windows_98" title="Windows 98">Windows 98</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nichttot_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nichttot-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a> would also get a community support via unofficial service pack, with <a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_POSReady_2009" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows Embedded POSReady 2009">POSReady registry hack</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">Windows 2000</a> receiving a fanmade extended kernel<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance, in 2012, when the <a href="/wiki/Multiplayer_video_game" title="Multiplayer video game">multiplayer</a> game <i><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Commander:_Forged_Alliance" title="Supreme Commander: Forged Alliance">Supreme Commander: Forged Alliance</a></i> became unsupported abandonware as the official multiplayer server and support was shut down,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the game community itself took over with a <a href="/wiki/Unofficial_server" class="mw-redirect" title="Unofficial server">self-developed multiplayer server</a> and <a href="/wiki/Client_(computing)" title="Client (computing)">client</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Re-releases_by_digital_distribution">Re-releases by digital distribution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Re-releases by digital distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the new possibility of <a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution" title="Digital distribution">digital distribution</a> arising in mid-2000, the commercial distribution for many old titles became feasible again as deployment and storage costs dropped significantly.<sup id="cite_ref-rpsGaben_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rpsGaben-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A digital distributor specialized in bringing old games out of abandonware is <i><a href="/wiki/GOG.com" title="GOG.com">GOG.com</a></i> (formerly called <i>Good Old Games</i>) who started in 2008 to search for copyright holders of classic games to release them legally and <a href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">DRM</a>-free again.<sup id="cite_ref-arspreview_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arspreview-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gogrestoration_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gogrestoration-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance, on December 9, 2013 the <a href="/wiki/Real-time_strategy" title="Real-time strategy">real-time strategy</a> video game <i><a href="/wiki/Conquest:_Frontier_Wars" title="Conquest: Frontier Wars">Conquest: Frontier Wars</a></i> was, after ten years of non-availability, re-released by gog.com, also including the source code.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arguments_for_and_against_distribution">Arguments for and against distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Arguments for and against distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_proponents">From proponents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: From proponents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Proponents of abandonware preservation argue that it is more ethical to make copies of such software than new software that still sells. Some have incorrectly taken this to mean that abandonware is legal to distribute, although no software written since 1964 is old enough for copyright to have expired in the US.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even in cases where the original company no longer exists, the rights usually belong to someone else, though no one may be able to trace actual ownership, including the owners themselves. </p><p>Abandonware advocates also frequently cite historical preservation as a reason for trading abandoned software.<sup id="cite_ref-ARingFAQ_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARingFAQ-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Older computer media are fragile and prone to rapid deterioration, necessitating transfer of these materials to more modern, stable media and generation of many copies to ensure the software will not simply disappear. Users of still-functional older computer systems argue for the need of abandonware because re-release of software by copyright holders will most likely target modern systems or incompatible media instead, preventing legal purchase of compatible software. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_game_developers_with_sympathy_with_abandonware">From game developers with sympathy with abandonware</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: From game developers with sympathy with abandonware"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some game developers showed sympathy for abandonware websites as they preserve their classical game titles. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>[...] personally, I think that sites that support these old games are a good thing for both consumers and copyright owners. If the options are (a) having a game be lost forever and (b) having it available on one of these sites, I'd want it to be available. That being said, I believe a game is 'abandoned' only long after it is out of print. And just because a book is out of print does not give me rights to print some for my friends.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Richard_Garriott" title="Richard Garriott">Richard Garriott</a>, <sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Is it piracy? Yeah, sure. But so what? Most of the game makers aren't living off the revenue from those old games anymore. Most of the creative teams behind all those games have long since left the companies that published them, so there's no way the people who deserve to are still making royalties off them. So go ahead—steal this game! Spread the love!</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Tim_Schafer" title="Tim Schafer">Tim Schafer</a>, <sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>If I owned the copyright on <i><a href="/wiki/Total_Annihilation" title="Total Annihilation">Total Annihilation</a></i>, I would probably allow it to be shared for free by now (four years after it was originally released)</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Chris_Taylor_(game_designer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chris Taylor (game designer)">Chris Taylor</a>, <sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Law">Law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In most cases, software classed as abandonware is not in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>, as it has never had its original copyright officially revoked and some company or individual may still own rights. While sharing of such software is usually considered copyright infringement, in practice copyright holders rarely enforce their abandonware copyrights for a number of reasons – chiefly among which the <a href="/wiki/Digital_obsolescence" title="Digital obsolescence">software is technologically obsolete</a> and therefore has no commercial value, therefore rendering copyright enforcement a pointless enterprise. By default, this may allow the product to <i>de facto</i> lapse into the public domain to such an extent that enforcement becomes impractical.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rarely has any abandonware case gone to court, but it is still unlawful to distribute copies of old copyrighted software and games, with or without compensation, in any <a href="/wiki/Berne_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Literary_and_Artistic_Works" class="mw-redirect" title="Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works">Berne Convention</a> signatory country.<sup id="cite_ref-Joystiq_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joystiq-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enforcement_of_copyright">Enforcement of copyright</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Enforcement of copyright"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Old copyrights are usually left undefended. This can be due to intentional non-enforcement by owners due to software age or obsolescence, but sometimes results from a <a href="/wiki/Corporation" title="Corporation">corporate</a> copyright holder going out of business without explicitly transferring ownership, leaving no one aware of the right to defend the copyright. </p><p>Even if the copyright is not defended, copying of such software is still unlawful in most jurisdictions when a copyright is still in effect. Abandonware changes hands on the assumption that the resources required to enforce copyrights outweigh benefits a copyright holder might realize from selling software licenses. Additionally, abandonware proponents argue that distributing software for which there is no one to defend the copyright is morally acceptable, even where unsupported by current law. Companies that have gone out of business without transferring their copyrights are an example of this; many hardware and software companies that developed older systems are long since out of business and precise documentation of the copyrights may not be readily available. </p><p>Often the availability of abandonware on the Internet is related to the willingness of copyright holders to defend their copyrights. For example, unencumbered games for <a href="/wiki/Colecovision" class="mw-redirect" title="Colecovision">Colecovision</a> are markedly easier to find on the Internet than unencumbered games for <a href="/wiki/Mattel" title="Mattel">Mattel</a> <a href="/wiki/Intellivision" title="Intellivision">Intellivision</a> in large part because there is still a company that sells Intellivision games while no such company exists for the Colecovision. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DMCA">DMCA</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: DMCA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) can be a problem for the preservation of old software as it prohibits required techniques. In October 2003, the US Congress passed 4 clauses to the DMCA which allow for reverse engineering software in case of preservation. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"3. Computer programs and video games distributed in formats that have become obsolete and which require the original media or hardware as a condition of access. ...The register has concluded that to the extent that libraries and archives wish to make preservation copies of published software and videogames that were distributed in formats that are (either because the physical medium on which they were distributed is no longer in use or because the use of an obsolete operating system is required), such activity is a noninfringing use covered by section 108(c) of the Copyright Act."</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Exemption to Prohibition on Circumvention of Copyright Protection Systems for Access Control Technologies<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>In November 2006 the Library of Congress approved an exemption to the DMCA that permits the cracking of copy protection on software no longer being sold or supported by its copyright holder so that they can be archived and preserved without fear of retribution.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="US_copyright_law">US copyright law</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: US copyright law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Currently, US copyright law does not recognize the term or concept of "abandonware" while the general concept "orphan works" is recognized (see <a href="/wiki/Orphan_works_in_the_United_States" title="Orphan works in the United States">Orphan works in the United States</a>). There is a long-held concept of abandonment in <a href="/wiki/Trademark_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Trademark law">trademark law</a> as a direct result of the infinite term of trademark protection. Currently, a copyright can be released into the public domain if the owner clearly does so in writing; however this formal process is not considered abandoning, but rather releasing. Those who do not own a copyright cannot merely claim the copyright abandoned and start using protected works without permission of the copyright holder, who could then seek <a href="/wiki/Legal_remedy" title="Legal remedy">legal remedy</a>. </p><p>Hosting and distributing copyrighted software without permission is illegal. Copyright holders, sometimes through the <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Software_Association" title="Entertainment Software Association">Entertainment Software Association</a>, send <a href="/wiki/Cease_and_desist_letter" class="mw-redirect" title="Cease and desist letter">cease and desist letters</a>, and some sites have shut down or removed infringing software as a result. However, most of the Association's efforts are devoted to new games, due to those titles possessing the greatest value.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="EU_law">EU law</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: EU law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the EU in 2012, an "Orphan Works Directive" (<a href="/wiki/Directive_2012/28/EU" class="mw-redirect" title="Directive 2012/28/EU">Directive 2012/28/EU</a>) was constituted and is transferred into the members' laws. While the terminology has ambiguities regarding software and especially video games, some scholars argue that abandonware software video games fall under the definition of <i>audiovisual works</i> mentioned there.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Copyright_expiration">Copyright expiration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Copyright expiration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries%27_copyright_lengths" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries' copyright lengths">List of countries' copyright lengths</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Abandonware" title="Special:EditPage/Abandonware">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Once the copyright on a piece of software has expired, it automatically falls into <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. Such software can be legally distributed without restrictions. However, due to the length of <a href="/wiki/Copyright_terms" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyright terms">copyright terms</a> in most countries, this has yet to happen for most software. All countries that observe the <a href="/wiki/Berne_Convention" title="Berne Convention">Berne Convention</a> enforce copyright ownership for at least 50 years after publication or the author's death. However, individual countries may choose to enforce copyrights for longer periods. In the United States, copyright durations are determined based on authorship. For most published works, the duration is 70 years after the author's death. However, for anonymous works, works published under a pseudonym or works made for hire, the duration is 120 years after creation, or 95 years after publication, whichever comes first. In France, copyright durations are 70 years after the relevant date (date of author's death or publication) for either class. </p><p>However, because of the length of <a href="/wiki/Copyright_enforcement" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyright enforcement">copyright enforcement</a> in most countries, it is likely that by the time a piece of software defaults to public domain, it will have long become obsolete, irrelevant, or incompatible with any existing hardware. Additionally, due to the relatively short commercial, as well as physical, lifespans of most digital media, it is entirely possible that by the time the copyright expires for a piece of software, it will no longer exist in any form. However, since the largest risk in dealing with abandonware is that of distribution, this may be mitigated somewhat by private users (or organizations such as the Internet Archive) making private copies of such software, which would then be legally redistributable at the time of copyright expiry. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternatives_to_software_abandoning">Alternatives to software abandoning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Alternatives to software abandoning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are alternatives for companies with a software product which faces the end-of-life instead of abandoning the software in an unsupported state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Availability_as_freeware">Availability as freeware</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Availability as freeware"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_commercial_video_games_released_as_freeware" title="List of commercial video games released as freeware">List of commercial video games released as freeware</a></div> <p>Some user-communities convince companies to voluntarily relinquish copyright on software, putting it into the public domain, or <a href="/wiki/Software_relicensing" title="Software relicensing">re-license</a> it as <a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">freeware</a>. Unlike so-called <i>abandonware</i>, it is perfectly legal to transfer public domain or freely licensed software. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Amstrad" title="Amstrad">Amstrad</a> is an example which supports emulation and free distribution of <a href="/wiki/Amstrad_CPC" title="Amstrad CPC">CPC</a> and <a href="/wiki/ZX_Spectrum" title="ZX Spectrum">ZX Spectrum</a> hardware ROMs and software.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Borland released "antique software" as freeware.<sup id="cite_ref-edn_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edn-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CDN_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDN-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smith Engineering permits not-for-profit reproduction and distribution of <a href="/wiki/Vectrex" title="Vectrex">Vectrex</a> games and documentation.<sup id="cite_ref-vectrexhistory_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vectrexhistory-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Groups that lobby companies to release their software as freeware have met with mixed results. One example is the library of educational titles released by <a href="/wiki/MECC" title="MECC">MECC</a>. MECC was sold to Brøderbund, which was sold to <a href="/wiki/The_Learning_Company" title="The Learning Company">The Learning Company</a>. When TLC was contacted about releasing classic MECC titles as freeware, the documentation proving that TLC held the rights to these titles could not be located, and therefore the rights for these titles are "in <a href="/wiki/Limbo" title="Limbo">limbo</a>" and may never be legally released.<sup id="cite_ref-CanAbandonware_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CanAbandonware-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lost or unclear copyrights to vintage out-of-print software is not uncommon, as rights to the <i><a href="/wiki/No_One_Lives_Forever" class="mw-redirect" title="No One Lives Forever">No One Lives Forever</a></i> series illustrates.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-losthistoryss_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-losthistoryss-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Support_by_source_code_release">Support by source code release</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Support by source code release"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Source_code_escrow" title="Source code escrow">Source code escrow</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_commercial_video_games_with_later_released_source_code" title="List of commercial video games with later released source code">List of commercial video games with later released source code</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_commercial_software_with_available_source_code" class="mw-redirect" title="List of commercial software with available source code">List of commercial software with available source code</a></div> <p>The problem of missing technical support for a software can be most effectively solved when the source code becomes available. Therefore, several companies decided to release the source code specifically to allow the user communities to provide further technical software support (bug fixes, compatibility adaptions etc.) themselves,<sup id="cite_ref-homesource_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homesource-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-allegiancesource_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allegiancesource-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e.g. by <a href="/wiki/Community_patch" class="mw-redirect" title="Community patch">community patches</a> or <a href="/wiki/Source_port" title="Source port">source ports</a> to new <a href="/wiki/Computing_platforms" class="mw-redirect" title="Computing platforms">computing platforms</a>. For instance, in December 2015 Microsoft released the <a href="/wiki/Windows_Live_Writer" title="Windows Live Writer">Windows Live Writer</a> <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to allow the community to continue the support. </p> <p><a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">Id Software</a> and <a href="/wiki/3D_Realms" title="3D Realms">3D Realms</a> are early proponents in this practice, releasing the source code for the <a href="/wiki/Game_engine" title="Game engine">game engines</a> of some older titles under a <a href="/wiki/Free_software_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Free software license">free software license</a> (but not the actual game content, such as levels or textures). Also <a href="/wiki/Falcon_4.0" title="Falcon 4.0">Falcon 4.0</a>'s lead designer Kevin Klemmick argued in 2011 that availability of the source code of his software for the community was a good thing: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I honestly think this [source code release] should be standard procedure for companies that decide not to continue to support a code base.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Kevin Klemmick, interviewed by <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBertolone2011" class="citation web cs1">Bertolone, Giorgio (March 12, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110318015840/http://www.cleared-to-engage.com/2011/03/12/interview-with-kevin-klemmick-lead-software-engineer-for-falcon-4-0">"Interview with Kevin Klemmick - Lead Software Engineer for Falcon 4.0"</a>. Cleared-To-Engage. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleared-to-engage.com/2011/03/12/interview-with-kevin-klemmick-lead-software-engineer-for-falcon-4-0/">the original</a> on March 18, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+with+Kevin+Klemmick+-+Lead+Software+Engineer+for+Falcon+4.0&rft.pub=Cleared-To-Engage&rft.date=2011-03-12&rft.aulast=Bertolone&rft.aufirst=Giorgio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleared-to-engage.com%2F2011%2F03%2F12%2Finterview-with-kevin-klemmick-lead-software-engineer-for-falcon-4-0%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Chilling_effect_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilling effect (law)">chilling effect</a> of drawing a possible lawsuit can discourage release of source code. Efforts to persuade <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> to release <a href="/wiki/OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</a> as <a href="/wiki/Open_source_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Open source software">open source software</a> were ignored<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> since some of the code was co-developed by Microsoft. </p><p>Nevertheless, several notable examples of successfully opened commercial software exist, for instance, the web browser <a href="/wiki/Netscape_Communicator" title="Netscape Communicator">Netscape Communicator</a>, which was released by <a href="/wiki/Netscape_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Netscape Communications">Netscape Communications</a> on March 31, 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-netscapeopensource_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netscapeopensource-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The development was continued under the umbrella of the <a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Foundation" title="Mozilla Foundation">Mozilla Foundation</a> and Netscape Communicator became the basis of several browsers, such as <a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Firefox" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozilla Firefox">Mozilla Firefox</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another important example for open sourced general software is the office suite <a href="/wiki/StarOffice" title="StarOffice">StarOffice</a> which was released by <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a> in October 2000 as <a href="/wiki/OpenOffice.org" title="OpenOffice.org">OpenOffice.org</a><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is in continued development as <a href="/wiki/Collabora_Online" title="Collabora Online">Collabora Online</a>, <a href="/wiki/LibreOffice" title="LibreOffice">LibreOffice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apache_OpenOffice" title="Apache OpenOffice">Apache OpenOffice</a>, a broad range of enterprise level support options are available. </p><p>There are also many examples in the video game domain: <a href="/wiki/Revolution_Software" title="Revolution Software">Revolution Software</a> released their game <i><a href="/wiki/Beneath_a_Steel_Sky" title="Beneath a Steel Sky">Beneath a Steel Sky</a></i> as freeware and gave the engine's source code to the authors of <a href="/wiki/ScummVM" title="ScummVM">ScummVM</a> to add support for the game. Other examples are <i><a href="/wiki/Myth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Myth II">Myth II</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-mythalive2004_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mythalive2004-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Call_to_Power_II" title="Call to Power II">Call to Power II</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-timcalltopower2_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timcalltopower2-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Microsoft's <i><a href="/wiki/Allegiance_(video_game)" title="Allegiance (video game)">Allegiance</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-allegiancesource_103-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allegiancesource-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which were released to allow the community to continue the support. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commercial_games_released_as_freeware" class="mw-redirect" title="List of commercial games released as freeware">List of commercial games released as freeware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commercial_software_with_available_source_code" class="mw-redirect" title="List of commercial software with available source code">List of commercial software with available source code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commercial_video_games_with_available_source_code" title="List of commercial video games with available source code">List of commercial video games with available source code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphaned_technology" title="Orphaned technology">Orphaned technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out_of_print" title="Out of print">Out of print</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_archaeology" title="Software archaeology">Software archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Software release life cycle</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Some examples of games whose source code has been deemed lost include: <div><ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bouncer_(video_game)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bouncer (video game) (page does not exist)">Bouncer</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Ciolek_2012_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ciolek_2012-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_Lair" title="Dragon's Lair">Dragon's Lair</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Anderson2011_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson2011-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/Icewind_Dale_II" title="Icewind Dale II">Icewind Dale II</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Hearts_(video_game)" title="Kingdom Hearts (video game)">Kingdom Hearts</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mad_Dog_McCree" title="Mad Dog McCree">Mad Dog McCree</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Anderson2011_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson2011-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/Silent_Hill_(video_game)" title="Silent Hill (video game)">Silent Hill</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abandonware&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2015" class="citation web cs1">Johnson, Bernadette (June 15, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://computer.howstuffworks.com/abandonware.htm">"How Abandonware Works"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/HowStuffWorks" title="HowStuffWorks">HowStuffWorks</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240725000259/https://computer.howstuffworks.com/abandonware.htm">Archived</a> from the original on July 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HowStuffWorks&rft.atitle=How+Abandonware+Works&rft.date=2015-06-15&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Bernadette&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcomputer.howstuffworks.com%2Fabandonware.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BandoNot.NYT2000-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BandoNot.NYT2000_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCostkyan2000" class="citation news cs1">Costkyan, Greg (May 18, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/library/tech/00/05/circuits/articles/18aban.html">"New Front in the Copyright Wars: Out-of-Print Computer Games"</a>. Technology. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150601153842/http://www.nytimes.com/library/tech/00/05/circuits/articles/18aban.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 1, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Front+in+the+Copyright+Wars%3A+Out-of-Print+Computer+Games&rft.date=2000-05-18&rft.aulast=Costkyan&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Flibrary%2Ftech%2F00%2F05%2Fcircuits%2Farticles%2F18aban.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krauth2005-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Krauth2005_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrauth2005" class="citation news cs1">Krauth, Kosta (November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/PC_Zone_160_November_2005/page/130/mode/1up">"Princess Maker 2"</a>. Abandonware. <i><a href="/wiki/PC_Zone" title="PC Zone">PC Zone</a></i>. No. 160. p. 130 – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PC+Zone&rft.atitle=Princess+Maker+2&rft.issue=160&rft.pages=130&rft.date=2005-11&rft.aulast=Krauth&rft.aufirst=Kosta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FPC_Zone_160_November_2005%2Fpage%2F130%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-edn-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-edn_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-edn_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edn.embarcadero.com/museum">"EDN»Museum"</a>. embarcadero.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090222184815/http://edn.embarcadero.com/museum">Archived</a> from the original on February 22, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EDN%C2%BBMuseum&rft.pub=embarcadero.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedn.embarcadero.com%2Fmuseum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160203184144/http://www.cpm.z80.de/">"The Unofficial CP/M Web Site"</a>. <i>www.cpm.z80.de</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpm.z80.de/">the original</a> on February 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cpm.z80.de&rft.atitle=The+Unofficial+CP%2FM+Web+Site&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpm.z80.de%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.microfocus.com/campaign/pli-modernization">"PL/I modernization"</a>. <i>microfocus.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=microfocus.com&rft.atitle=PL%2FI+modernization&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.microfocus.com%2Fcampaign%2Fpli-modernization&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgnello2014" class="citation web cs1">Agnello, Anthony John (February 19, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usgamer.net/articles/nothing-lasts-forever-confronting-the-problem-of-video-game-preservation">"Nothing Lasts Forever: Confronting the Problem of Video Game Preservation"</a>. usgamer.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150702151113/http://www.usgamer.net/articles/nothing-lasts-forever-confronting-the-problem-of-video-game-preservation">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nothing+Lasts+Forever%3A+Confronting+the+Problem+of+Video+Game+Preservation&rft.pub=usgamer.net&rft.date=2014-02-19&rft.aulast=Agnello&rft.aufirst=Anthony+John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgamer.net%2Farticles%2Fnothing-lasts-forever-confronting-the-problem-of-video-game-preservation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ciolek_2012-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ciolek_2012_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCiolek2012" class="citation web cs1">Ciolek, Todd (October 17, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20151026024831/http://www.1up.com/features/missing-notable-games-lost-to-time">"Among the Missing: Notable Games Lost to Time"</a>. <a href="/wiki/1up.com" class="mw-redirect" title="1up.com">1up.com</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1up.com/features/missing-notable-games-lost-to-time">the original</a> on October 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Among+the+Missing%3A+Notable+Games+Lost+to+Time&rft.pub=1up.com&rft.date=2012-10-17&rft.aulast=Ciolek&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.1up.com%2Ffeatures%2Fmissing-notable-games-lost-to-time&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anderson2011-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anderson2011_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anderson2011_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersen2011" class="citation web cs1">Andersen, John (January 27, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130422061043/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/6271/where_games_go_to_sleep_the_game_.php">"Where Games Go To Sleep: The Game Preservation Crisis, Part 1"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gamasutra" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamasutra">Gamasutra</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/6271/where_games_go_to_sleep_the_game_.php">the original</a> on April 22, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Destructoid&rft.atitle=Silent+Hill+HD+was+made+from+incomplete+code&rft.date=2012-05-28&rft.aulast=Sterling&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.destructoid.com%2Fsilent-hill-hd-was-made-from-incomplete-code%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gameoverviews.com/oh-my-silent-hill-hd-collections-sucked-because-konami-lost-the-source-code/">"Oh, my. Silent Hill HD Collections Sucked Because Konami Lost The Source Code"</a>. <i>Game Overviews</i>. May 28, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170101001841/http://www.gameoverviews.com/oh-my-silent-hill-hd-collections-sucked-because-konami-lost-the-source-code/">Archived</a> from the original on January 1, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atari+7800+Source+Code+Rescued+-+Atari+released+the+source+code+for+the+7800+console+and+games&rft.pub=tomsguide.com&rft.date=2009-07-07&rft.aulast=Parrish&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tomsguide.com%2Fus%2FAtari-7800-Source-Code%2Cnews-4187.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atari2-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-atari2_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20090706155155/http://www.atarimuseum.com/videogames/consoles/7800/games/">"7800 Games & Development"</a>. atari-museum.com. 2009. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Official+Abandonware+Ring&rft.atitle=The+Abandonware+Ring+FAQ&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abandonwarering.com%2F%3FPage%3DFAQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306024614/http://www.lemon64.com/games/permissions.php">"Permissions"</a>. <i>lemon64.com</i>. March 6, 2016. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=c64gg.com&rft.atitle=Mr.+Chip+Software+%2F+Magnetic+Fields&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.c64gg.com%2FMr_Chip_MF_DL.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gremlinworld.emuunlim.com/">"Gremlin Graphics World"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160402114725/http://gremlinworld.emuunlim.com/">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 23,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gremlin+Graphics+World&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgremlinworld.emuunlim.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amigaforever.com/games/">"Amiga Games"</a>. <i>Amiga Forever by Cloanto</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2024</span>. <q>The following is a list of the major sites which include thousands of downloadable Amiga games with permission of the copyright holders: Amiga Future, Amigaland, Ami Sector One, Back to the Roots, Borrowed Time, Dream17, Gremlin Graphics World, Games Coffer</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amiga+Forever+by+Cloanto&rft.atitle=Amiga+Games&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amigaforever.com%2Fgames%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span>[</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slashdot.org/story/03/02/28/0747252/world-of-spectrum-gets-a-visit-from-the-idsa%20world-of-spectrum-gets-a-visit-from-the-idsa">"World of Spectrum gets a Visit from the IDSA"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Slashdot.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Slashdot.org">slashdot.org</a></i> (Forum). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Register&rft.atitle=Games+anti+piracy+bot+fingers+ZX+Spectrum+archive+site&rft.date=2003-03-07&rft.aulast=Lettice&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theregister.co.uk%2F2003%2F03%2F07%2Fgames_anti_piracy_bot_fingers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200513181507/https://www.worldofspectrum.org/permits/">"ARCHIVE - COPYRIGHTS AND DISTRIBUTION PERMISSIONS"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/World_of_Spectrum" class="mw-redirect" title="World of Spectrum">World of Spectrum</a></i>. March 25, 2003. Archived from the original on May 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+of+Spectrum&rft.atitle=ARCHIVE+-+COPYRIGHTS+AND+DISTRIBUTION+PERMISSIONS&rft.date=2003-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldofspectrum.org%2Fpermits%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldofspectrum.org/permits/#sofar">ARCHIVE - COPYRIGHTS AND DISTRIBUTION PERMISSIONS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160417235847/http://www.worldofspectrum.org/permits/">Archived</a> April 17, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on worldofspectrum.org <i>"Cases filed against World of Spectrum: IDSA / DMCA #922932 (14/2/2003 - result: case retracted)"</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200228041811/http://www.worldofspectrum.org/permits/publishers.html">"ARCHIVE - DISTRIBUTION PERMISSIONS - SOFTWARE HOUSES"</a>. January 3, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldofspectrum.org/permits/publishers.html">the original</a> on February 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ARCHIVE+-+DISTRIBUTION+PERMISSIONS+-+SOFTWARE+HOUSES&rft.date=2013-01-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldofspectrum.org%2Fpermits%2Fpublishers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/clasp">"The Internet Archive Classic Software Preservation Project"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071019034848/https://archive.org/details/clasp">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Internet+Archive+Classic+Software+Preservation+Project&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fclasp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/about/dmca.php">"Internet Archive Gets DMCA Exemption To Help Archive Vintage Software"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071020011825/https://archive.org/about/dmca.php">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2007</span>. <q>Computer programs and video games distributed in formats that have become obsolete and that require the original media or hardware as a condition of access, when circumvention is accomplished for the purpose of preservation or archival reproduction of published digital works by a library or archive. A format shall be considered obsolete if the machine or system necessary to render perceptible a work stored in that format is no longer manufactured or is no longer reasonably available in the commercial marketplace.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Register&rft.atitle=Exemption+to+Prohibition+on+Circumvention+of+Copyright+Protection+Systems+for+Access+Control+Technologies&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=227&rft.pages=68472-68480&rft.date=2006-11-27&rft.au=Library+of+Congress+Copyright+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.copyright.gov%2Ffedreg%2F2006%2F71fr68472.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2013" class="citation web cs1">Robertson, Adi (October 25, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2013/10/25/5028974/internet-archives-new-historic-software-collection">"The Internet Archive puts Atari games and obsolete software directly in your browser"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131027202242/http://www.theverge.com/2013/10/25/5028974/internet-archives-new-historic-software-collection">Archived</a> from the original on October 27, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=You+can+now+play+nearly+2%2C400+MS-DOS+video+games+in+your+browser&rft.date=2015-01-05&rft.aulast=Ohlheiser&rft.aufirst=Abby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fblogs%2Fthe-switch%2Fwp%2F2015%2F01%2F05%2Fyou-can-now-play-nearly-2400-ms-dos-video-games-in-your-browser%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott2014" class="citation web cs1">Scott, Jason (December 23, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ascii.textfiles.com/archives/4471">"Each New Boot a Miracle"</a>. <i>ASCII</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241008233521/http://ascii.textfiles.com/archives/4471">Archived</a> from the original on October 8, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ASCII&rft.atitle=Each+New+Boot+a+Miracle&rft.date=2014-12-23&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fascii.textfiles.com%2Farchives%2F4471&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Asoftwarelibrary_msdos&page=1">collection:softwarelibrary_msdos</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150628201230/https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Asoftwarelibrary_msdos&page=1">Archived</a> June 28, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> in the Internet Archive (December 29, 2014)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraft2015" class="citation web cs1">Graft, Kris (March 5, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gamasutra.com/view/news/238156/Saving_video_game_history_begins_right_now.php">"Saving video game history begins right now"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gamasutra" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamasutra">Gamasutra</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150307161450/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/238156/Saving_video_game_history_begins_right_now.php">Archived</a> from the original on March 7, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saving+video+game+history+begins+right+now&rft.pub=Gamasutra&rft.date=2015-03-05&rft.aulast=Graft&rft.aufirst=Kris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgamasutra.com%2Fview%2Fnews%2F238156%2FSaving_video_game_history_begins_right_now.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/about/terms.php">"Internet Archive's Terms of Use, Privacy Policy, and Copyright Policy"</a>. December 31, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150103160557/http://archive.org/about/terms.php">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2015</span>. <q><i>Access to the Archive's Collections is provided at no cost to you and is granted for scholarship and research purposes only.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Archive%27s+Terms+of+Use%2C+Privacy+Policy%2C+and+Copyright+Policy&rft.date=2014-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fabout%2Fterms.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_York_Times-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-New_York_Times_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaplin2007" class="citation news cs1">Chaplin, Heather (March 12, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/12/arts/design/12vide.html?_r=4&ref=technology&oref=slogin&oref=slogin&oref=slogin&oref=slogin">"Is That Just Some Game? No, It's a Cultural Artifact"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161107123209/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/12/arts/design/12vide.html?_r=4&ref=technology&oref=slogin&oref=slogin&oref=slogin&oref=slogin">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Is+That+Just+Some+Game%3F+No%2C+It%27s+a+Cultural+Artifact&rft.date=2007-03-12&rft.aulast=Chaplin&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F03%2F12%2Farts%2Fdesign%2F12vide.html%3F_r%3D4%26ref%3Dtechnology%26oref%3Dslogin%26oref%3Dslogin%26oref%3Dslogin%26oref%3Dslogin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoseph_Bernstein2014" class="citation web cs1">Joseph Bernstein (October 27, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.buzzfeed.com/josephbernstein/meet-the-men-trying-to-immortalize-video-games">"Meet The Men Trying To Immortalize Video Games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BuzzFeed" title="BuzzFeed">BuzzFeed</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160323150022/http://www.buzzfeed.com/josephbernstein/meet-the-men-trying-to-immortalize-video-games">Archived</a> from the original on March 23, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BuzzFeed&rft.atitle=Meet+The+Men+Trying+To+Immortalize+Video+Games&rft.date=2014-10-27&rft.au=Joseph+Bernstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeed.com%2Fjosephbernstein%2Fmeet-the-men-trying-to-immortalize-video-games&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOwens2012" class="citation web cs1">Owens, Trevor (September 26, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140331234239/http://blogs.loc.gov/digitalpreservation/2012/09/yes-the-library-of-congress-has-video-games-an-interview-with-david-gibson/">"Yes, The Library of Congress Has Video Games: An Interview with David Gibson"</a>. blogs.loc.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.loc.gov/digitalpreservation/2012/09/yes-the-library-of-congress-has-video-games-an-interview-with-david-gibson/">the original</a> on March 31, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yes%2C+The+Library+of+Congress+Has+Video+Games%3A+An+Interview+with+David+Gibson&rft.pub=blogs.loc.gov&rft.date=2012-09-26&rft.aulast=Owens&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.loc.gov%2Fdigitalpreservation%2F2012%2F09%2Fyes-the-library-of-congress-has-video-games-an-interview-with-david-gibson%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolinsky2015" class="citation web cs1">Wolinsky, David (November 13, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nodontdie.com/interviews/dave-gibson">"Dave Gibson - Don't Die"</a>. <i>nodontdie.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240525140203/https://nodontdie.com/interviews/dave-gibson">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nodontdie.com&rft.atitle=Dave+Gibson+-+Don%27t+Die&rft.date=2015-11-13&rft.aulast=Wolinsky&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnodontdie.com%2Finterviews%2Fdave-gibson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Trevor Owens, August 6, 2014, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.loc.gov/digitalpreservation/2014/08/dukes-legacy-video-game-source-disc-preservation-at-the-library-of-congress/">Duke's Legacy: Video Game Source Disc Preservation at the Library of Congress</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140813053238/http://blogs.loc.gov/digitalpreservation/2014/08/dukes-legacy-video-game-source-disc-preservation-at-the-library-of-congress/">Archived</a> August 13, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Library of Congress</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140813080542/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2014-08-06-library-of-congress-discovers-unreleased-psp-duke-nukem-game">"Library of Congress discovers unreleased Duke Nukem game"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></i>. August 13, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2014-08-06-library-of-congress-discovers-unreleased-psp-duke-nukem-game">the original</a> on August 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eurogamer&rft.atitle=Library+of+Congress+discovers+unreleased+Duke+Nukem+game&rft.date=2014-08-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurogamer.net%2Farticles%2F2014-08-06-library-of-congress-discovers-unreleased-psp-duke-nukem-game&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarr2014" class="citation web cs1">Starr, Michelle (August 6, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/news/unreleased-duke-nukem-source-code-found-at-library-of-congress/">"Unreleased Duke Nukem source code found at Library of Congress"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNET" title="CNET">CNET</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140811085727/http://www.cnet.com/news/unreleased-duke-nukem-source-code-found-at-library-of-congress/">Archived</a> from the original on August 11, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 12,</span> 2014</span>. <q><i>A cache of recently acquired video games at the Library of Congress turned up a true find: the source code for unreleased PSP game Duke Nukem: Critical Mass.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNET&rft.atitle=Unreleased+Duke+Nukem+source+code+found+at+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=2014-08-06&rft.aulast=Starr&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnet.com%2Fnews%2Funreleased-duke-nukem-source-code-found-at-library-of-congress%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDyson2010" class="citation web cs1">Dyson, Jon-Paul C. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICHEG%27s+Approach+to+Collecting+and+Preserving+Video+Games&rft.pub=museumofplay.org&rft.date=2010-10-13&rft.aulast=Dyson&rft.aufirst=Jon-Paul+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.museumofplay.org%2Fblog%2Fchegheads%2F2010%2F10%2Fichegs-approach-to-collecting-and-preserving-video-games%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ICHEGSSI-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ICHEGSSI_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNutt2013" class="citation web cs1">Nutt, Christian (December 16, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/207137/Strategic_Simulations_Inc_founder_donates_company_collection_to_ICHEG.php">"Strategic Simulations, Inc. founder donates company collection to ICHEG"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gamasutra" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamasutra">Gamasutra</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140511031936/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/207137/Strategic_Simulations_Inc_founder_donates_company_collection_to_ICHEG.php">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Strategic+Simulations%2C+Inc.+Collection&rft.pub=ICHEG&rft.date=2013-12-16&rft.aulast=Dyson&rft.aufirst=Jon-Paul+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icheg.org%2Fblog%2Fchegheads%2F2013%2F12%2Fthe-strategic-simulations-inc-collection%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTach2014" class="citation web cs1">Tach, Dave (March 4, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.polygon.com/2014/3/3/5467718/broderbund-museum-of-play-collection-myst-prince-of-persia-carmen-sandiego">"Broderbund founder donates collection including Myst, Prince of Persia to Museum of Play"</a>. polygon.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140612124712/http://www.polygon.com/2014/3/3/5467718/broderbund-museum-of-play-collection-myst-prince-of-persia-carmen-sandiego">Archived</a> from the original on June 12, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 13,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Museum+acquires+%27virtually+complete%27+source+code+from+Atari%27s+arcade+heyday&rft.pub=polygon.com&rft.date=2014-04-22&rft.aulast=Good&rft.aufirst=Owen+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.polygon.com%2F2014%2F4%2F22%2F5640114%2Fmaze-invaders-atari-arcade-source-code-strong-museum-icheg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.giantbomb.com/articles/a-museum-just-acquired-22-pallets-of-atari-history/1100-4905/">A Museum Just Acquired 22 Pallets of Atari History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150701233353/http://www.giantbomb.com/articles/a-museum-just-acquired-22-pallets-of-atari-history/1100-4905/">Archived</a> July 1, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on giantbomb.com by Patrick Klepek (April 30, 2014)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerhistory.org/highlights/macpaint/">"MacPaint and QuickDraw Source Code"</a>. <i>Computer History Museum</i>. July 20, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120822153909/http://www.computerhistory.org/highlights/macpaint/">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Computer+History+Museum&rft.atitle=MacPaint+and+QuickDraw+Source+Code&rft.date=2010-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerhistory.org%2Fhighlights%2Fmacpaint%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHesseldahl2010" class="citation web cs1">Hesseldahl, Erik (July 20, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120209010310/http://www.businessweek.com/technology/ByteOfTheApple/blog/archives/2010/07/apple_donates_macpaint_source_code_to_computer_history_museum.html">"Apple Donates MacPaint Source Code To Computer History Museum"</a>. businessweek.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/technology/ByteOfTheApple/blog/archives/2010/07/apple_donates_macpaint_source_code_to_computer_history_museum.html">the original</a> on February 9, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+Donates+MacPaint+Source+Code+To+Computer+History+Museum&rft.pub=businessweek.com&rft.date=2010-07-20&rft.aulast=Hesseldahl&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Ftechnology%2FByteOfTheApple%2Fblog%2Farchives%2F2010%2F07%2Fapple_donates_macpaint_source_code_to_computer_history_museum.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2015/06/the-quest-to-save-todays-gaming-history-from-being-lost-forever/">"The quest to save today's gaming history from being lost forever"</a>. Ars Technica. June 1, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160117181209/http://arstechnica.com/gaming/2015/06/the-quest-to-save-todays-gaming-history-from-being-lost-forever/">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2016</span>. <q>[Jobs] sent a one line e-mail saying it was a good idea, and it was done the next day," Spicer recalled. "Having an internal advocate is key.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+quest+to+save+today%27s+gaming+history+from+being+lost+forever&rft.pub=Ars+Technica&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fgaming%2F2015%2F06%2Fthe-quest-to-save-todays-gaming-history-from-being-lost-forever%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShustek2012" class="citation web cs1">Shustek, Len (October 10, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/the-apl-programming-language-source-code/">"The APL Programming Language Source Code"</a>. computerhistory.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131007135406/http://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/the-apl-programming-language-source-code/">Archived</a> from the original on October 7, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+APL+Programming+Language+Source+Code&rft.pub=computerhistory.org&rft.date=2012-10-10&rft.aulast=Shustek&rft.aufirst=Len&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerhistory.org%2Fatchm%2Fthe-apl-programming-language-source-code%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBishop2013" class="citation web cs1">Bishop, Bryan (February 14, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140117094242/http://www.theverge.com/2013/2/14/3990378/original-adobe-photoshop-source-code-now-available-for-free">"Adobe releases original Photoshop source code for nostalgic developers"</a>. theverge.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2013/2/14/3990378/original-adobe-photoshop-source-code-now-available-for-free">the original</a> on January 17, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+releases+original+Photoshop+source+code+for+nostalgic+developers&rft.pub=theverge.com&rft.date=2013-02-14&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2013%2F2%2F14%2F3990378%2Foriginal-adobe-photoshop-source-code-now-available-for-free&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140507131754/http://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/adobe-photoshop-source-code/">"Adobe Photoshop Source Code | @CHM Blog | Computer History Museum"</a>. <i>www.computerhistory.org</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 29,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+Word+for+Windows+Version+1.1a+Source+Code&rft.date=2014-03-24&rft.aulast=Shustek&rft.aufirst=Len&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerhistory.org%2F_static%2Fatchm%2Fmicrosoft-word-for-windows-1-1a-source-code%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevin2014" class="citation web cs1">Levin, Roy (March 25, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2014/03/25/microsoft-makes-source-code-for-ms-dos-and-word-for-windows-available-to-public/">"Microsoft makes source code for MS-DOS and Word for Windows available to public"</a>. <i>Official Microsoft Blog</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140721183453/http://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2014/03/25/microsoft-makes-source-code-for-ms-dos-and-word-for-windows-available-to-public/">Archived</a> from the original on July 21, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 29,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Official+Microsoft+Blog&rft.atitle=Microsoft+makes+source+code+for+MS-DOS+and+Word+for+Windows+available+to+public&rft.date=2014-03-25&rft.aulast=Levin&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.microsoft.com%2Fblog%2F2014%2F03%2F25%2Fmicrosoft-makes-source-code-for-ms-dos-and-word-for-windows-available-to-public%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span> (NB. While the author and publishers claim the package would include MS-DOS 1.1 and 2.0, it actually contains <a href="/wiki/SCP_MS-DOS_1.25" class="mw-redirect" title="SCP MS-DOS 1.25">SCP MS-DOS 1.25</a> and a mixture of files from <a href="/wiki/Altos_MS-DOS_2.11" class="mw-redirect" title="Altos MS-DOS 2.11">Altos MS-DOS 2.11</a> and <a href="/wiki/TeleVideo_PC_DOS_2.11" class="mw-redirect" title="TeleVideo PC DOS 2.11">TeleVideo PC DOS 2.11</a>.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcJones2014" class="citation web cs1">McJones, Paul (October 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/xerox-alto-source-code/">"Xerox Alto Source Code - The roots of the modern personal computer"</a>. <i>Software Gems: The Computer History Museum Historical Source Code Series</i>. <a href="/wiki/Computer_History_Museum" title="Computer History Museum">Computer History Museum</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150102201034/http://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/xerox-alto-source-code/">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2015</span>. <q><i>With the permission of the Palo Alto Research Center, the Computer History Museum is pleased to make available, for non-commercial use only, snapshots of Alto source code, executables, documentation, font files, and other files from 1975 to 1987.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Software+Gems%3A+The+Computer+History+Museum+Historical+Source+Code+Series&rft.atitle=Xerox+Alto+Source+Code+-+The+roots+of+the+modern+personal+computer&rft.date=2014-10-21&rft.aulast=McJones&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerhistory.org%2Fatchm%2Fxerox-alto-source-code%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://computerspielemuseum.de/1243_European_Computer_and_Video_Game_Archives_and_Museums_Joining_Forces_to_Preserve_Gaming_Legacy.htm?nId=24">European Computer and Video Game Archives and Museums Joining Forces to Preserve Gaming Legacy</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160118041457/https://computerspielemuseum.de/1243_European_Computer_and_Video_Game_Archives_and_Museums_Joining_Forces_to_Preserve_Gaming_Legacy.htm?nId=24">Archived</a> January 18, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Computerspielemuseum_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Computerspielemuseum Berlin">computerspielemuseum</a>.de (on March 26, 2012)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/british-library-starts-videogame-website-archive-project-6858507.html">British Library starts videogame website archive project</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160118041459/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/british-library-starts-videogame-website-archive-project-6858507.html">Archived</a> January 18, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on <a href="/wiki/Independent.co.uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent.co.uk">independent.co.uk</a> by David Crookes (February 13, 2012)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ajw.asahi.com/article/cool_japan/style/AJ201309220054">Professor races against time to preserve Japan's video game culture</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160118041501/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/cool_japan/style/AJ201309220054">Archived</a> January 18, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by TAKAFUMI YABUKI (September 22, 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Moore, Bo (May 30, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2013/05/moma-video-games/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'All Hell Broke Loose': Why MoMA Is Exhibiting Tetris and Pac-Man"</a>. <i>Wired</i>. wired.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150908160501/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/gamesblog/2013/mar/01/video-games-art-moma-exhibition">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2016</span>. <q><i>The end goal is to acquire the game's original source code, which can be quite difficult to pry away from secretive gamemakers. If that's not possible at first, Antonelli at least wants to wedge her foot in the door. "We're going to stay with them forever," she said. "They're not going to get rid of us. And one day, we'll get that code."</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=%27All+Hell+Broke+Loose%27%3A+Why+MoMA+Is+Exhibiting+Tetris+and+Pac-Man&rft.date=2013-05-30&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2F2013%2F05%2Fmoma-video-games%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WC1sourcecode-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WC1sourcecode_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131109014042/http://www.wcnews.com/news/update/11167">"BIG NEWS: Wing Commander I Source Code Archived!"</a>. wcnews.com. August 26, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wcnews.com/news/update/11167">the original</a> on November 9, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2013</span>. <q><i>Thanks to an extremely kind donation from an anonymous former EA/Origin developer, the source code to the PC version of Wing Commander I is now preserved in our offline archive! Because of our agreement with Electronic Arts, we're not allowed to post recovered source code for download--but rest easy knowing that the C files that started it all are being kept safe for future reference. Our offline archive contains material that has been preserved but which can't be posted, including other source code and budget data from several of the games.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BIG+NEWS%3A+Wing+Commander+I+Source+Code+Archived%21&rft.pub=wcnews.com&rft.date=2011-08-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fupdate%2F11167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WC3sourcecode-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WC3sourcecode_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203031958/http://www.wcnews.com/news/2011/09/13/wing-commander-iii-the-source-code">"Wing Commander III - The Source Code"</a>. wcnews.com. September 13, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wcnews.com/news/2011/09/13/wing-commander-iii-the-source-code">the original</a> on December 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2013</span>. <q><i>As we celebrate Wing Commander III's first widespread retail availability since the late 1990s, we would like to mention for anyone that we have the game's source code in our offline archive. We know it's frustrating for fans, who could do amazing things with this, to read these updates... but it's also in everyone's best interests to remind EA that we have the raw material from which they could port Wing Commander III to a modern computer or console. Just let us know!</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wing+Commander+III+-+The+Source+Code&rft.pub=wcnews.com&rft.date=2011-09-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcnews.com%2Fnews%2F2011%2F09%2F13%2Fwing-commander-iii-the-source-code&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wc4source-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wc4source_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131109005741/http://www.wcnews.com/news/2012/04/03/wing-commander-iv-source-code">"Wing Commander IV: Source Code"</a>. wcnews.com. April 3, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wcnews.com/news/2012/04/03/wing-commander-iv-source-code">the original</a> on November 9, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2013</span>. <q><i>As with Wing Commander I and Wing Commander III, we are pleased to announced that an extremely kind former EA/Origin employee has provided a copy of the Wing Commander IV source code for our preservation efforts! We can't offer it for download at this time, but it is now preserved for future use.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wing+Commander+IV%3A+Source+Code&rft.pub=wcnews.com&rft.date=2012-04-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcnews.com%2Fnews%2F2012%2F04%2F03%2Fwing-commander-iv-source-code&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-u9code-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-u9code_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWtF_Dragon2014" class="citation web cs1">WtF Dragon (November 26, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ultimacodex.com/2014/11/ultima-9-the-source-code/">"Ultima 9: The Source Code"</a>. ultima codex. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151125210019/http://ultimacodex.com/2014/11/ultima-9-the-source-code/">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 28,</span> 2015</span>. <q>As we continue to mark the occasion of Ultima 9's fifteenth anniversary, I'm pleased to announced that the seemingly dormant Ultima Source Code Offline Archival Project (USCOAP) has finally borne some fruit: the Ultima Codex has added the source code for Ultima 9 to its offline archive.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ultima+9%3A+The+Source+Code&rft.pub=ultima+codex&rft.date=2014-11-26&rft.au=WtF+Dragon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fultimacodex.com%2F2014%2F11%2Fultima-9-the-source-code%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rec-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rec_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVoyager2007" class="citation web cs1">Voyager (April 8, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130511021221/http://reconstruction.voyd.net/index.php?event=project&typeKeyword=fanpatch">"Ultima The Reconstruction - Fanpatches"</a>. reconstruction.voyd.net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reconstruction.voyd.net/index.php?event=project&typeKeyword=fanpatch">the original</a> on May 11, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2011</span>. <q><i>Fan patches are those packages released by an Ultima fan to either repair bugs in a game that were never fixed by Origin, solve platform compatibility issues, or enhance the gaming experience.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ultima+The+Reconstruction+-+Fanpatches&rft.pub=reconstruction.voyd.net&rft.date=2007-04-08&rft.au=Voyager&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freconstruction.voyd.net%2Findex.php%3Fevent%3Dproject%26typeKeyword%3Dfanpatch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSines2008" class="citation web cs1">Sines, Shawn (January 8, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131013024527/http://www.gamefront.com/fallout-2-restoration-project/">"Fallout 2 Restoration Project"</a>. gamefront.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamefront.com/fallout-2-restoration-project">the original</a> on October 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 3,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fallout+2+Restoration+Project&rft.pub=gamefront.com&rft.date=2008-01-08&rft.aulast=Sines&rft.aufirst=Shawn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamefront.com%2Ffallout-2-restoration-project&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bloodlinespatch-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bloodlinespatch_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeer2011" class="citation web cs1">Meer, Alec (July 15, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140510140344/http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2011/07/15/undying-vampire-bloodlines-patched-anew/">"Undying: Vampire Bloodlines Patched Anew"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rock,_Paper,_Shotgun" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock, Paper, Shotgun">Rock, Paper, Shotgun</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2011/07/15/undying-vampire-bloodlines-patched-anew/">the original</a> on May 10, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2011</span>. <q><i>Bloodlines [...] was essentially abandoned by its publisher after its developer closed a few months after release, but the fans have just kept on going, fixing things, improving things, digging up locked away extra content [...]</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Undying%3A+Vampire+Bloodlines+Patched+Anew&rft.pub=Rock%2C+Paper%2C+Shotgun&rft.date=2011-07-15&rft.aulast=Meer&rft.aufirst=Alec&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockpapershotgun.com%2F2011%2F07%2F15%2Fundying-vampire-bloodlines-patched-anew%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nichttot-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nichttot_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDirscherl2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dirscherl, Hans-Christian (November 29, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131012074232/http://www.pcwelt.de/news/Nicht-tot-zu-kriegen-Win-98-Service-Pack-2-1-402036.html">"Nicht tot zu kriegen: Win 98 Service Pack 2.1"</a> (in German). <a href="/wiki/PC-Welt" class="mw-redirect" title="PC-Welt">PCWelt.de</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcwelt.de/news/Nicht-tot-zu-kriegen-Win-98-Service-Pack-2-1-402036.html">the original</a> on October 12, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2013</span>. <q><i>Einige Informationen zu diesem kuriosen Update-Pack: Da Microsoft nie ein Servicepack für Windows 98 SE (Zweite Ausgabe) herausgebracht hat, hat ein Programmierer aus der Türkei kurzerhand sein eigenes Servicepack für Windows 98 SE-Anwender erstellt. Es beinhaltet alle Windows 98 SE Updates von der Windows Update-Seite und weitere Updates sowie Verbesserungen.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nicht+tot+zu+kriegen%3A+Win+98+Service+Pack+2.1&rft.pub=PCWelt.de&rft.date=2005-11-29&rft.aulast=Dirscherl&rft.aufirst=Hans-Christian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcwelt.de%2Fnews%2FNicht-tot-zu-kriegen-Win-98-Service-Pack-2-1-402036.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://msfn.org/board/topic/183216-bwc-windows-2000-extended-kernel-version-v30i-released-120122/">"BWC Windows 2000 Extended Kernel Version v3.0i released 12/01/22"</a>. December 16, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230121121253/https://msfn.org/board/topic/183216-bwc-windows-2000-extended-kernel-version-v30i-released-120122/">Archived</a> from the original on January 21, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BWC+Windows+2000+Extended+Kernel+Version+v3.0i+released+12%2F01%2F22&rft.date=2021-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmsfn.org%2Fboard%2Ftopic%2F183216-bwc-windows-2000-extended-kernel-version-v30i-released-120122%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/windows-xp-SP4">"Windows XP unofficial Service Pack 4 (SP4)"</a>. September 9, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Windows+XP+unofficial+Service+Pack+4+%28SP4%29&rft.date=2013-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwindows-xp-SP4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forums.gaspowered.com/viewtopic.php?f=67&t=57459">GPGNet Services Update 2 (GPGnet has been shutdown)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140903143132/http://forums.gaspowered.com/viewtopic.php?f=67&t=57459">Archived</a> September 3, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on gaspowered.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHafer2012" class="citation web cs1">Hafer, T.J. (November 19, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcgamer.com/2012/11/19/supcom-forged-alliance-servers-shut-down-community-made-forged-alliance-forever-keeps-the-war-alive/">"Community-made Forged Alliance Forever keeps Supreme Commander multiplayer alive"</a>. <a href="/wiki/PC_Gamer" title="PC Gamer">PC Gamer</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140903070724/http://www.pcgamer.com/2012/11/19/supcom-forged-alliance-servers-shut-down-community-made-forged-alliance-forever-keeps-the-war-alive/">Archived</a> from the original on September 3, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2014</span>. <q><i>The official multiplayer servers for Supreme Commander: Forged Alliance have been decommissioned for a while now, but fortunately [...] the community-driven Forged Alliance Forever has emerged.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Community-made+Forged+Alliance+Forever+keeps+Supreme+Commander+multiplayer+alive&rft.pub=PC+Gamer&rft.date=2012-11-19&rft.aulast=Hafer&rft.aufirst=T.J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcgamer.com%2F2012%2F11%2F19%2Fsupcom-forged-alliance-servers-shut-down-community-made-forged-alliance-forever-keeps-the-war-alive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faforever.com/">"Forged Alliance Forever official site"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906155443/http://www.faforever.com/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Forged+Alliance+Forever+official+site&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.faforever.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEditorial_staff2013" class="citation journal cs1">Editorial staff (June 2013). "<i>Forging On, Supreme Commander has returned a changed game</i> preview". <i><a href="/wiki/PC_Gamer" title="PC Gamer">PC Gamer</a></i> (240): 86–87.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PC+Gamer&rft.atitle=Forging+On%2C+Supreme+Commander+has+returned+a+changed+game+preview&rft.issue=240&rft.pages=86-87&rft.date=2013-06&rft.au=Editorial+staff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThursten2013" class="citation web cs1">Thursten, Chris (March 27, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcgamer.com/2013/03/27/pc-gamer-uk-podcast-episode-87-ore-ore-never-changes/">"PC gamer pod cast 87"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/PC_Gamer" title="PC Gamer">PC Gamer</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131103042455/http://www.pcgamer.com/2013/03/27/pc-gamer-uk-podcast-episode-87-ore-ore-never-changes/">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PC+Gamer&rft.atitle=PC+gamer+pod+cast+87&rft.date=2013-03-27&rft.aulast=Thursten&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcgamer.com%2F2013%2F03%2F27%2Fpc-gamer-uk-podcast-episode-87-ore-ore-never-changes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonlan2016" class="citation web cs1">Donlan, Christian (November 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161104225804/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2013-11-02-youre-in-charge">"You're in charge! - From vital patches to game cancellations, players are often intimately involved"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2013-11-02-youre-in-charge">the original</a> on November 4, 2016. <q><i><i>Supreme Commander</i> fans released <i>Forged Alliance Forever</i> and gave the game the online client it could otherwise only dream of. I haven't played it much, but I still got a tear in my eye when I read about the extents these coders had gone to. There's nothing quite so wonderful to witness as love, and this is surely love of the very purest order. [...] <i>SupCom</i> guys resurrect a series whose publisher had just gone under.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eurogamer&rft.atitle=You%27re+in+charge%21+-+From+vital+patches+to+game+cancellations%2C+players+are+often+intimately+involved.&rft.date=2016-11-04&rft.aulast=Donlan&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurogamer.net%2Farticles%2F2013-11-02-youre-in-charge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rpsGaben-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rpsGaben_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2007" class="citation web cs1">Walker, John (November 21, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140512040010/http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2007/11/21/rps-exclusive-gabe-newell-interview/">"RPS Exclusive: Gabe Newell Interview"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rock,_Paper,_Shotgun" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock, Paper, Shotgun">Rock, Paper, Shotgun</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2007/11/21/rps-exclusive-gabe-newell-interview/">the original</a> on May 12, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2013</span>. <q><i>Gabe: The worst days [for game development] were the cartridge days for the NES. It was a huge risk – you had all this money tied up in silicon in a warehouse somewhere, and so you'd be conservative in the decisions you felt you could make, very conservative in the IPs you signed, your art direction would not change, and so on. Now it's the opposite extreme: we can put something up on Steam, deliver it to people all around the world, make changes. We can take more interesting risks.[...] On Steam there's no shelf-space restriction. It's great because they're a bunch of old, orphaned games.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RPS+Exclusive%3A+Gabe+Newell+Interview&rft.pub=Rock%2C+Paper%2C+Shotgun&rft.date=2007-11-21&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockpapershotgun.com%2F2007%2F11%2F21%2Frps-exclusive-gabe-newell-interview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arspreview-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-arspreview_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaron2008" class="citation web cs1">Caron, Frank (September 9, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110912063921/http://arstechnica.com/gaming/news/2008/09/first-look-gog-revives-classic-pc-games-for-download-age.ars">"First look: GOG revives classic PC games for download age"</a>. Ars Technica. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/gaming/news/2008/09/first-look-gog-revives-classic-pc-games-for-download-age.ars">the original</a> on September 12, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 27,</span> 2012</span>. <q><i>[...] [Good Old Games] focuses on bringing old, time-tested games into the downloadable era with low prices and no DRM.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=First+look%3A+GOG+revives+classic+PC+games+for+download+age&rft.pub=Ars+Technica&rft.date=2008-09-09&rft.aulast=Caron&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fgaming%2Fnews%2F2008%2F09%2Ffirst-look-gog-revives-classic-pc-games-for-download-age.ars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gogrestoration-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gogrestoration_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennet2015" class="citation web cs1">Bennet, Tom (September 16, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2015/09/16/how-gog-com-save-and-restore-classic-videogames/">"How GOG.com Save And Restore Classic Videogames"</a>. rockpapershotgun.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160122210931/https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2015/09/16/how-gog-com-save-and-restore-classic-videogames/">Archived</a> from the original on January 22, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 22,</span> 2016</span>. <q><i>Preservation of old games involves more than just an extra patch. The journey from dusty unplayable relic to polished, cross-platform installer is a minefield of technical and legal obstacles. The team at Good Old Games remain the industry leaders in the restoration of classic PC games, tasked with reverse engineering code written more than 20 years ago [...] "Source and game code is an extremely rare commodity for us," explains Paczyński. "Older titles have often gone through so many different hands that no one knows who has the original code anymore, or it no longer exists in any usable form." With source files lost forever, the team's only recourse is to retrofit retail code taken from a boxed copy of the game.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+GOG.com+Save+And+Restore+Classic+Videogames&rft.pub=rockpapershotgun.com&rft.date=2015-09-16&rft.aulast=Bennet&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockpapershotgun.com%2F2015%2F09%2F16%2Fhow-gog-com-save-and-restore-classic-videogames%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGOG.com2013" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/GOG.com" title="GOG.com">GOG.com</a> (December 9, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gog.com/forum/general_archive/classic_gem_promo_conquest_frontier_wars_copy3">"Classic Gem Promo: Conquest: Frontier Wars"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CD_Projekt" title="CD Projekt">CD Projekt</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160913161716/https://www.gog.com/forum/general_archive/classic_gem_promo_conquest_frontier_wars_copy3">Archived</a> from the original on September 13, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Classic+Gem+Promo%3A+Conquest%3A+Frontier+Wars&rft.pub=CD+Projekt&rft.date=2013-12-09&rft.au=GOG.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gog.com%2Fforum%2Fgeneral_archive%2Fclassic_gem_promo_conquest_frontier_wars_copy3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://robertsspaceindustries.com/comm-link/spectrum-dispatch/12863-Conquest-Frontier-Wars-On-GOG">Conquest: Frontier Wars on GOG</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140903085151/https://robertsspaceindustries.com/comm-link/spectrum-dispatch/12863-Conquest-Frontier-Wars-On-GOG">Archived</a> September 3, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on robertsspaceindustries.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHollaar2002" class="citation web cs1">Hollaar, Lee (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital-law-online.info/lpdi1.0/treatise17.html">"Copyright of Computer Programs"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080711181121/http://digital-law-online.info/lpdi1.0/treatise17.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 11, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Copyright+of+Computer+Programs&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Hollaar&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigital-law-online.info%2Flpdi1.0%2Ftreatise17.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaltzman2002" class="citation web cs1">Saltzman, Marc (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051225151237/http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/pc/abandonware/p2_04.html">"Flashbacks For Free: The Skinny On Abandonware"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gamespot.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamespot.com">gamespot.com</a>. p. 4. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/pc/abandonware/p2_04.html">the original</a> on December 25, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 29,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flashbacks+For+Free%3A+The+Skinny+On+Abandonware&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=gamespot.com&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Saltzman&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Fgamespot%2Ffeatures%2Fpc%2Fabandonware%2Fp2_04.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaltzman2002" class="citation web cs1">Saltzman, Marc (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051225151237/http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/pc/abandonware/p2_04.html">"Flashbacks For Free: The Skinny On Abandonware"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gamespot.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamespot.com">gamespot.com</a>. p. 4. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/pc/abandonware/p2_04.html">the original</a> on December 25, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 29,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flashbacks+For+Free%3A+The+Skinny+On+Abandonware&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=gamespot.com&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Saltzman&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Fgamespot%2Ffeatures%2Fpc%2Fabandonware%2Fp2_04.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaltzman2002" class="citation web cs1">Saltzman, Marc (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051225151237/http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/pc/abandonware/p2_05.html">"Flashbacks For Free: The Skinny On Abandonware"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gamespot.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamespot.com">gamespot.com</a>. p. 5. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/pc/abandonware/p2_05.html">the original</a> on December 25, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 29,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flashbacks+For+Free%3A+The+Skinny+On+Abandonware&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=gamespot.com&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Saltzman&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Fgamespot%2Ffeatures%2Fpc%2Fabandonware%2Fp2_05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHirtle2003" class="citation thesis cs1">Hirtle, Peter B. (November 2003). <i>Digital Preservation and Copyright</i> (Thesis). <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1813%2F53">1813/53</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Digital+Preservation+and+Copyright&rft.inst=Cornell+University&rft.date=2003-11&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1813%2F53&rft.aulast=Hirtle&rft.aufirst=Peter+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Joystiq-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Joystiq_90-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller" class="citation web cs1">Miller, Ross. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080128134926/http://www.joystiq.com/2006/11/23/us-copyright-office-grants-abandonware-rights/">"US Copyright Office grants abandonware rights"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.joystiq.com/2006/11/23/us-copyright-office-grants-abandonware-rights/">the original</a> on January 28, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+Copyright+Office+grants+abandonware+rights&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Ross&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.joystiq.com%2F2006%2F11%2F23%2Fus-copyright-office-grants-abandonware-rights%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/1201/docs/fedreg-notice-final.pdf">Exemption to Prohibition on Circumvention of Copyright Protection Systems for Access Control Technologies</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120928063920/http://www.copyright.gov/1201/docs/fedreg-notice-final.pdf">Archived</a> September 28, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Copyright Office 37 CFR Part 201 (Docket No. RM 2002-4E) (October 2003)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131123031312/http://www.copyright.gov/1201/2006/index.html">"U.S. Copyright Office - Anticircumvention Rulemaking"</a>. <i>www.copyright.gov</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/1201/2006/index.html">the original</a> on November 23, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.copyright.gov&rft.atitle=U.S.+Copyright+Office+-+Anticircumvention+Rulemaking&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.copyright.gov%2F1201%2F2006%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoyes2006" class="citation web cs1">Boyes, Emma (November 27, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/articles/abandonware-now-legal/1100-6162308/">"Abandonware now legal? - Changes in copyright rules let gamers break copy protection on old games--in some circumstances"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a>.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140325120959/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/abandonware-now-legal/1100-6162308/">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abandonware+now+legal%3F+-+Changes+in+copyright+rules+let+gamers+break+copy+protection+on+old+games--in+some+circumstances.&rft.pub=GameSpot.com&rft.date=2006-11-27&rft.aulast=Boyes&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Farticles%2Fabandonware-now-legal%2F1100-6162308%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing2002" class="citation web cs1">King, Brad (January 19, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025232338/http://www.wired.com/gaming/gamingreviews/news/2002/01/49723?currentPage=1">"Abandonware: Dead Games Live On"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/gaming/gamingreviews/news/2002/01/49723?currentPage=1">the original</a> on October 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abandonware%3A+Dead+Games+Live+On&rft.pub=Wired&rft.date=2002-01-19&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Brad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fgaming%2Fgamingreviews%2Fnews%2F2002%2F01%2F49723%3FcurrentPage%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaier2015" class="citation web cs1">Maier, Henrike (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hiig.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Maier_JIPITEC-2015-120_Games-as-cultural-heritage.pdf">"Games as Cultural Heritage Copyright Challenges for Preserving (Orphan) Video Games in the EU"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>JIPITEC</i>. <a href="/wiki/Humboldt_Universit%C3%A4t_zu_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Humboldt Universität zu Berlin">Humboldt Universität zu Berlin</a>. p. 120. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160118035553/http://www.hiig.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Maier_JIPITEC-2015-120_Games-as-cultural-heritage.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on January 18, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=JIPITEC&rft.atitle=Games+as+Cultural+Heritage+Copyright+Challenges+for+Preserving+%28Orphan%29+Video+Games+in+the+EU&rft.pages=120&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Maier&rft.aufirst=Henrike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hiig.de%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F10%2FMaier_JIPITEC-2015-120_Games-as-cultural-heritage.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawson1999" class="citation web cs1">Lawson, Cliff (August 31, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!msg/comp.sys.amstrad.8bit/HtpBU2Bzv_U/HhNDSU3MksAJ">"Amstrad ROM permissions"</a>. comp.sys.amstrad.8bit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130802023140/https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=%23!topic/javaposse/TLNrMsznjRY#!msg/comp.sys.amstrad.8bit/HtpBU2Bzv_U/HhNDSU3MksAJ">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2013</span>. <q><i>1) What exactly do you have to do to use Sinclair ROMs in an emulator, such as acknowledgements etc?" Amstrad are happy for emulator writers to include images of our copyrighted code as long as the (c)opyright messages are not altered and we appreciate it if the program/manual includes a note to the effect that "Amstrad have kindly given their permission for the redistribution of their copyrighted material but retain that copyright".</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amstrad+ROM+permissions&rft.pub=comp.sys.amstrad.8bit&rft.date=1999-08-31&rft.aulast=Lawson&rft.aufirst=Cliff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgroups.google.com%2Fforum%2F%3Ffromgroups%3D%23%21msg%2Fcomp.sys.amstrad.8bit%2FHtpBU2Bzv_U%2FHhNDSU3MksAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CDN-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CDN_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080725100437/http://bdn.borland.com/museum/">"CDN » Museum"</a>. borland.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bdn.borland.com/museum">the original</a> on July 25, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 29,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CDN+%C2%BB+Museum&rft.pub=borland.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbdn.borland.com%2Fmuseum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vectrexhistory-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vectrexhistory_98-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vectrexmuseum.com/vectrexhistory.php">"Vectrex System History The Mini Arcade"</a>. Vectrex Museum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131207125225/http://vectrexmuseum.com/vectrexhistory.php">Archived</a> from the original on December 7, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vectrex+System+History+The+Mini+Arcade&rft.pub=Vectrex+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvectrexmuseum.com%2Fvectrexhistory.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CanAbandonware-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CanAbandonware_99-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSavetz2001" class="citation web cs1">Savetz, Kevin (September 17, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213191159/http://www.savetz.com/articles/byte-abandonware.php?sort=date">"Can "Abandonware" Revive Forgotten Programs?"</a>. byte.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.savetz.com/articles/byte-abandonware.php?sort=date">the original</a> on February 13, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Can+%22Abandonware%22+Revive+Forgotten+Programs%3F&rft.pub=byte.com&rft.date=2001-09-17&rft.aulast=Savetz&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.savetz.com%2Farticles%2Fbyte-abandonware.php%3Fsort%3Ddate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2015" class="citation web cs1">Moore, Bo (March 27, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcgamer.com/lost-in-limbo-on-the-hunt-for-pc-gamings-abandoned-classics/">"Lost in limbo: on the hunt for PC gaming's abandoned classics"</a>. <a href="/wiki/PC_Games" title="PC Games">PC Games</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150506092735/http://www.pcgamer.com/lost-in-limbo-on-the-hunt-for-pc-gamings-abandoned-classics/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 1,</span> 2015</span>. <q><i>The saga of No One Lives Forever's resurrection has been a rollercoaster of ups and downs. [...] The problem was, it was just the trademark— no one was quite sure who held the game's copyright. [...] Digging into dead or forgotten IPs is tough work. These games came from an era when big-name publishing was the only model for success. Even though many of the games on this list were made by small, dedicated studios, they still relied on companies like EA to get to market. But as studios were swallowed or shut down, the rights of their beloved games often got lost in the shuffle. It's unfortunate that so many of them are still lost today simply due to the apathy of the rights-holder.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lost+in+limbo%3A+on+the+hunt+for+PC+gaming%27s+abandoned+classics&rft.pub=PC+Games&rft.date=2015-03-27&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcgamer.com%2Flost-in-limbo-on-the-hunt-for-pc-gamings-abandoned-classics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-losthistoryss-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-losthistoryss_101-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g4tv.com/thefeed/blog/post/713030/the-lost-history-of-system-shock">"The Lost History of System Shock"</a>. g4tv.com. May 30, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130113082649/http://www.g4tv.com/thefeed/blog/post/713030/the-lost-history-of-system-shock/">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2012</span>. <q><i>Looking Glass Studios closed in 2000, a year after System Shock 2's release, and the copyright to the series went into the hands of an insurance company. That left EA with only the System Shock name, but no actual development rights.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Lost+History+of+System+Shock&rft.pub=g4tv.com&rft.date=2011-05-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g4tv.com%2Fthefeed%2Fblog%2Fpost%2F713030%2Fthe-lost-history-of-system-shock&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-homesource-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-homesource_102-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLargent2003" class="citation web cs1">Largent, Andy (October 8, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131012012745/http://www.insidemacgames.com/news/story.php?ArticleID=8516">"Homeworld Source Code Released"</a>. insidemacgames.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insidemacgames.com/news/story.php?ArticleID=8516">the original</a> on October 12, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2012</span>. <q><i>With the release of Homeworld 2 for the PC, Relic Entertainment has decided to give back to their impressive fan community by releasing the source code to the original Homeworld.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Homeworld+Source+Code+Released&rft.pub=insidemacgames.com&rft.date=2003-10-08&rft.aulast=Largent&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.insidemacgames.com%2Fnews%2Fstory.php%3FArticleID%3D8516&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allegiancesource-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-allegiancesource_103-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allegiancesource_103-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColayco2004" class="citation web cs1">Colayco, Bob (February 6, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/articles/microsoft-pledges-allegiance-to-its-fanbase/1100-6087574/">"Microsoft pledges Allegiance to its fanbase"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gamespot.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamespot.com">gamespot.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131210103542/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/microsoft-pledges-allegiance-to-its-fanbase/1100-6087574/">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 22,</span> 2011</span>. <q><i>The release of the source code came in response to the enthusiasm of Allegiance's small-but-dedicated fanbase. Microsoft's Joel Dehlin commented that the development team has "been amazed at the level to which some of the Allegiance fans have remained hard-core. We're astounded at the progress that has been made at creating new factions, hosting new servers, replacing authentication, etc. It seems that Allegiance hasn't really died. With that in mind, we're releasing the Allegiance source code to the community."</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+pledges+Allegiance+to+its+fanbase&rft.pub=gamespot.com&rft.date=2004-02-06&rft.aulast=Colayco&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Farticles%2Fmicrosoft-pledges-allegiance-to-its-fanbase%2F1100-6087574%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/12/microsoft-open-sources-live-writer-beloved-but-abandoned-blogging-tool/">Microsoft open-sources Live Writer, beloved but abandoned blogging tool</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160612020134/http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/12/microsoft-open-sources-live-writer-beloved-but-abandoned-blogging-tool/">Archived</a> June 12, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by Peter Bright on <a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a> <i>"Opening the app means that it'll get some much-needed maintenance."</i> (2015)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReed2008" class="citation web cs1">Reed, Michael (February 7, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221095812/http://www.osnews.com/story/19298/_I_m_Glad_That_IBM_Declined_to_Release_the_OS_2_Source_">"I'm Glad That IBM Declined to Release the OS/2 Source"</a>. OSNews LLC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osnews.com/story/19298/_I_m_Glad_That_IBM_Declined_to_Release_the_OS_2_Source_">the original</a> on February 21, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I%27m+Glad+That+IBM+Declined+to+Release+the+OS%2F2+Source&rft.pub=OSNews+LLC&rft.date=2008-02-07&rft.aulast=Reed&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osnews.com%2Fstory%2F19298%2F_I_m_Glad_That_IBM_Declined_to_Release_the_OS_2_Source_&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-netscapeopensource-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-netscapeopensource_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070401072854/http://wp.netscape.com/newsref/pr/newsrelease558.html">"NETSCAPE ANNOUNCES PLANS TO MAKE NEXT-GENERATION COMMUNICATOR SOURCE CODE AVAILABLE FREE ON THE NET"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Netscape_Communications_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Netscape Communications Corporation">Netscape Communications Corporation</a>. January 22, 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wp.netscape.com/newsref/pr/newsrelease558.html">the original</a> on April 1, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2013</span>. <q><i>BOLD MOVE TO HARNESS CREATIVE POWER OF THOUSANDS OF INTERNET DEVELOPERS; COMPANY MAKES NETSCAPE NAVIGATOR AND COMMUNICATOR 4.0 IMMEDIATELY FREE FOR ALL USERS, SEEDING MARKET FOR ENTERPRISE AND NETCENTER BUSINESSES </i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NETSCAPE+ANNOUNCES+PLANS+TO+MAKE+NEXT-GENERATION+COMMUNICATOR+SOURCE+CODE+AVAILABLE+FREE+ON+THE+NET&rft.pub=Netscape+Communications+Corporation&rft.date=1998-01-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwp.netscape.com%2Fnewsref%2Fpr%2Fnewsrelease558.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140326215538/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/netscape-celebrates-first-anniversary-of-open-source-software-release-to-mozillaorg-73806207.html">"MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif., April 1 /PRNewswire/ -- Netscape Communications and open source developers are celebrating the first anniversary, March 31, 1999, of the release of Netscape's browser source code to mozilla.org"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Netscape_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Netscape Communications">Netscape Communications</a>. March 31, 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/netscape-celebrates-first-anniversary-of-open-source-software-release-to-mozillaorg-73806207.html">the original</a> on March 26, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2013</span>. <q><i>[...]The organization that manages open source developers working on the next generation of Netscape's browser and communication software. This event marked a historical milestone for the Internet as Netscape became the first major commercial software company to open its source code, a trend that has since been followed by several other corporations. Since the code was first published on the Internet, thousands of individuals and organizations have downloaded it and made hundreds of contributions to the software. Mozilla.org is now celebrating this one-year anniversary with a party Thursday night in San Francisco.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MOUNTAIN+VIEW%2C+Calif.%2C+April+1+%2FPRNewswire%2F+--+Netscape+Communications+and+open+source+developers+are+celebrating+the+first+anniversary%2C+March+31%2C+1999%2C+of+the+release+of+Netscape%27s+browser+source+code+to+mozilla.org&rft.pub=Netscape+Communications&rft.date=1999-03-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prnewswire.com%2Fnews-releases%2Fnetscape-celebrates-first-anniversary-of-open-source-software-release-to-mozillaorg-73806207.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProffitt2000" class="citation web cs1">Proffitt, Brian (October 13, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131016014106/http://www.linuxtoday.com/developer/2000101300221NWDTSW">"StarOffice Code Released in Largest Open Source Project"</a>. linuxtoday.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.linuxtoday.com/developer/2000101300221NWDTSW">the original</a> on October 16, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2013</span>. <q><i>Sun's joint effort with CollabNet kicked into high gear on the OpenOffice Web site at 5 a.m. PST this morning with the release of much of the source code for the upcoming 6.0 version of StarOffice. According to Sun, this release of 9 million lines of code under GPL is the beginning of the largest open source software project ever.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=StarOffice+Code+Released+in+Largest+Open+Source+Project&rft.pub=linuxtoday.com&rft.date=2000-10-13&rft.aulast=Proffitt&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.linuxtoday.com%2Fdeveloper%2F2000101300221NWDTSW&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mythalive2004-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mythalive2004_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWen2004" class="citation web cs1">Wen, Howard (June 10, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130406161344/http://www.linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2004/06/10/mythdevelopers.html">"Keeping the Myths Alive"</a>. linuxdevcenter.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2004/06/10/mythdevelopers.html">the original</a> on April 6, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2012</span>. <q><i>[...]fans of the Myth trilogy have taken this idea a step further: they have official access to the source code for the Myth games. Organized under the name MythDevelopers, this all-volunteer group of programmers, artists, and other talented people devote their time to improving and supporting further development of the Myth game series.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Keeping+the+Myths+Alive&rft.pub=linuxdevcenter.com&rft.date=2004-06-10&rft.aulast=Wen&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flinuxdevcenter.com%2Fpub%2Fa%2Flinux%2F2004%2F06%2F10%2Fmythdevelopers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-timcalltopower2-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-timcalltopower2_110-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBell2009" class="citation web cs1">Bell, John (October 1, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140330084636/http://timreview.ca/article/294">"Opening the Source of Art"</a>. Technology Innovation Management Review. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timreview.ca/article/294">the original</a> on March 30, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 30,</span> 2012</span>. <q><i>[...]that no further patches to the title would be forthcoming. The community was predictably upset. Instead of giving up on the game, users decided that if Activision wasn't going to fix the bugs, they would. They wanted to save the game by getting Activision to open the source so it could be kept alive beyond the point where Activision lost interest. With some help from members of the development team that were active on fan forums, they were eventually able to convince Activision to release Call to Power II's source code in October of 2003.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Opening+the+Source+of+Art&rft.pub=Technology+Innovation+Management+Review&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimreview.ca%2Farticle%2F294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbandonware" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Software_distribution" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Software_distribution" title="Template:Software distribution"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Software_distribution" title="Template talk:Software distribution"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Software_distribution" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Software distribution"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Software_distribution" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Software_distribution" title="Software distribution">Software distribution</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">Licenses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beerware" title="Beerware">Beerware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floating_licensing" title="Floating licensing">Floating licensing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">Free and open-source</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">Free</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open source</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freely_redistributable_software" title="Freely redistributable software">Freely redistributable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/License-free_software" title="License-free software">License-free</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public-domain_software" title="Public-domain software">Public domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source-available_software" title="Source-available software">Source-available</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compensation models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adware" title="Adware">Adware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_software" title="Commercial software">Commercial software</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Retail_software" title="Retail software">Retail software</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crippleware" title="Crippleware">Crippleware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowdfunding" title="Crowdfunding">Crowdfunding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freemium" title="Freemium">Freemium</a></li> <li><a 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title="Digital distribution">Digital distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_sharing" title="File sharing">File sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-premises_software" title="On-premises software">On-premises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-installed_software" title="Pre-installed software">Pre-installed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Product_bundling" title="Product bundling">Product bundling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retail_software" title="Retail software">Retail software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sneakernet" title="Sneakernet">Sneakernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">Software as a service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deceptive and/or illicit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unwanted_software_bundling" class="mw-redirect" title="Unwanted software bundling">Unwanted software bundling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malware" title="Malware">Malware</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infostealer" title="Infostealer">Infostealer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ransomware" title="Ransomware">Ransomware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spyware" title="Spyware">Spyware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_horse_(computing)" title="Trojan horse (computing)">Trojan horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_worm" title="Computer worm">Worm</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scareware" title="Scareware">Scareware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shovelware" title="Shovelware">Shovelware</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Software release life cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abandonware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/End-of-life_product" title="End-of-life product">End-of-life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-term_support" title="Long-term support">Long-term support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_maintenance" title="Software maintenance">Software maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_maintainer" title="Software maintainer">Software maintainer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_publisher" title="Software publisher">Software publisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaporware" title="Vaporware">Vaporware</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vaporware" title="List of vaporware">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Copy_protection" title="Copy protection">Copy protection</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" 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