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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">1,120 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60671861" data-work_id="60671861" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60671861/Correlation_between_thermal_properties_and_hardness_of_end_quench_bars_for_C48_42CrMo4_and_35NiCrMo16_steels">Correlation between thermal properties and hardness of end-quench bars for C48, 42CrMo4 and 35NiCrMo16 steels</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60671861" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f2064ff42597e5137aa03521cc87993e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74010202,"asset_id":60671861,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74010202/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="70871349" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NoureddineYacoubi">Noureddine Yacoubi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="70871349" type="text/json">{"id":70871349,"first_name":"Noureddine","last_name":"Yacoubi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NoureddineYacoubi","display_name":"Noureddine Yacoubi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NoureddineYacoubi?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/70871349/51515986/39592077/s65_noureddine.yacoubi.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60671861 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60671861"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60671861, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60671861", }); 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No trajeto inicial da extrusora, as partículas sólidas do polímero são aquecidas até o ponto de fusão. Na... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4804622" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">N O R M A S E M É T O D O S Introdução Durante o processo de extrusão o polímero experimenta uma complicada história térmica . No trajeto inicial da extrusora, as partículas sólidas do polímero são aquecidas até o ponto de fusão. Na região intermediária, a temperatura do polímero fundido é aumentada até um nível considerável acima do ponto de fusão, enquanto as partículas sólidas remanescentes continuam sendo aquecidas até a sua fusão. Na região final da extrusora, o polímero fundido tem que alcançar um estado termicamente homogêneo. Quando o material deixa a extrusora ele é, então, resfriado normalmente até a temperatura ambiente. Pode-se concluir, portanto, que o conhecimento das propriedades térmicas de polímeros é crucial na descrição e análise do processo de extrusão.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4804622" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f399885e8c398775b146b8fe52e32e97" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49625908,"asset_id":4804622,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49625908/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6208352" href="https://independent.academia.edu/wilsonsantos3">wilson santos</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6208352" type="text/json">{"id":6208352,"first_name":"wilson","last_name":"santos","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"wilsonsantos3","display_name":"wilson santos","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wilsonsantos3?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4804622 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4804622"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4804622, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4804622", }); 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No trajeto inicial da extrusora, as partículas sólidas do polímero são aquecidas até o ponto de fusão. Na região intermediária, a temperatura do polímero fundido é aumentada até um nível considerável acima do ponto de fusão, enquanto as partículas sólidas remanescentes continuam sendo aquecidas até a sua fusão. Na região final da extrusora, o polímero fundido tem que alcançar um estado termicamente homogêneo. Quando o material deixa a extrusora ele é, então, resfriado normalmente até a temperatura ambiente. Pode-se concluir, portanto, que o conhecimento das propriedades térmicas de polímeros é crucial na descrição e análise do processo de extrusão.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49625908,"asset_id":4804622,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6208352,"first_name":"wilson","last_name":"santos","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"wilsonsantos3","display_name":"wilson santos","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wilsonsantos3?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":23890,"name":"Comparative Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":234860,"name":"Steady state","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steady_state?f_ri=134653"},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":247487,"name":"Temperature Dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Dependence?f_ri=134653"},{"id":396373,"name":"Differential Scanning Calorimeter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Scanning_Calorimeter?f_ri=134653"},{"id":411663,"name":"Polímeros","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pol%C3%ADmeros?f_ri=134653"},{"id":742212,"name":"Polymer Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Testing?f_ri=134653"},{"id":827572,"name":"Specific Heat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":856612,"name":"Polimeros","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polimeros?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1032175,"name":"Bulk Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bulk_Density?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1228946,"name":"Physical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1724844,"name":"Molecular Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Structure?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10795950" data-work_id="10795950" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10795950/Unsteady_Boundary_Layer_Flow_and_Heat_Transfer_of_a_Casson_Fluid_past_an_Oscillating_Vertical_Plate_with_Newtonian_Heating">Unsteady Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer of a Casson Fluid past an Oscillating Vertical Plate with Newtonian Heating</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper we investigate theoretically the unsteady boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a permeable shrinking sheet with non-uniform heat source. The nondimensional governing equations have been solved numerically using the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10795950" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper we investigate theoretically the unsteady boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a permeable shrinking sheet with non-uniform heat source. The nondimensional governing equations have been solved numerically using the bvp4c function from Matlab for different values of the pertinent parameters;</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10795950" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="673d10d46bc9a93986da37b10dc74c7b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47117863,"asset_id":10795950,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47117863/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26265039" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/ilyaskhan">ilyas khan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26265039" type="text/json">{"id":26265039,"first_name":"ilyas","last_name":"khan","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"ilyaskhan","display_name":"ilyas khan","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/ilyaskhan?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10795950 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10795950"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10795950, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10795950", }); 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The nondimensional governing equations have been solved numerically using the bvp4c function from Matlab for different values of the pertinent parameters;","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47117863,"asset_id":10795950,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26265039,"first_name":"ilyas","last_name":"khan","domain_name":"swansea","page_name":"ilyaskhan","display_name":"ilyas khan","profile_url":"https://swansea.academia.edu/ilyaskhan?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":9695,"name":"Boundary Layers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boundary_Layers?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":33661,"name":"Heat and Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653"},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=134653"},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":144723,"name":"Nanofluid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanofluid?f_ri=134653"},{"id":152690,"name":"Boundary Conditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boundary_Conditions?f_ri=134653"},{"id":194130,"name":"PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PARTIAL_DIFFERENTIAL_EQUATION?f_ri=134653"},{"id":220780,"name":"PLoS one","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PLoS_one?f_ri=134653"},{"id":386998,"name":"Heat Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flow?f_ri=134653"},{"id":460900,"name":"Thermal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Science?f_ri=134653"},{"id":477062,"name":"Ambient Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ambient_Temperature?f_ri=134653"},{"id":685326,"name":"Boundary Layer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boundary_Layer?f_ri=134653"},{"id":890685,"name":"Forced Convection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forced_Convection?f_ri=134653"},{"id":891543,"name":"Potential Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potential_Flow?f_ri=134653"},{"id":989950,"name":"Aspiration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aspiration?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1770555,"name":"Ordinary Differential Equation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ordinary_Differential_Equation?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70762655" data-work_id="70762655" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70762655/Improved_Method_for_Measuring_Thermal_Diffusivity_of_Bulk_Samples_and_Films">Improved Method for Measuring Thermal Diffusivity of Bulk Samples and Films</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We have developed a technique to measure the thermal diffusivity of bulk samples and films. It builds off of the widely used laser flash method. Basically, we measure the time interval between a laser created heat pulse and its arrival at... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70762655" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We have developed a technique to measure the thermal diffusivity of bulk samples and films. It builds off of the widely used laser flash method. Basically, we measure the time interval between a laser created heat pulse and its arrival at a detector some distance away. In parallel with the laboratory setup we use computer modeling to simulate our detector's response and account for losses due to air convection. One advantage to our method is that we are able to accurately determine thermal diffusivity without needing to enclose the apparatus in a vacuum as is required with most other setups. Experimentally, we shine a laser pulse on a free-floating end of a long sample, the other end of the sample is secured to a heat sink, and measure, via a thermistor, the heat pulse as it travels a well defined distance. In our testing with a silver wire, we found our measurement to be in agreement with the accepted value. As an important application, this method determines the thermal diffusivity for thin films that would otherwise be difficult to measure. As an example, we measured the thermal diffusivity of graphene films upon ceramic substrates. By combining computer modeling and a simple experimental procedure, we are able to efficiently and accurately determine thermal conductivities for a wide variety of samples.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70762655" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fffa4df5b47d53a458fcc021fde05011" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80374815,"asset_id":70762655,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80374815/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="127717978" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KellyTroncosMartinez">Kelly Troncos Martinez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="127717978" type="text/json">{"id":127717978,"first_name":"Kelly","last_name":"Troncos Martinez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KellyTroncosMartinez","display_name":"Kelly Troncos Martinez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KellyTroncosMartinez?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70762655 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70762655"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70762655, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70762655", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70762655]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70762655").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70762655").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70762655"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="246758" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity">Thermal Conductivity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="246758" type="text/json">{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2561236" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Flash_Method">Laser Flash Method.</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2561236" type="text/json">{"id":2561236,"name":"Laser Flash Method.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Flash_Method?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70762655]'), work: {"id":70762655,"title":"Improved Method for Measuring Thermal Diffusivity of Bulk Samples and Films","created_at":"2022-02-06T16:21:51.805-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70762655/Improved_Method_for_Measuring_Thermal_Diffusivity_of_Bulk_Samples_and_Films?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_70762655","summary":"We have developed a technique to measure the thermal diffusivity of bulk samples and films. It builds off of the widely used laser flash method. Basically, we measure the time interval between a laser created heat pulse and its arrival at a detector some distance away. In parallel with the laboratory setup we use computer modeling to simulate our detector's response and account for losses due to air convection. One advantage to our method is that we are able to accurately determine thermal diffusivity without needing to enclose the apparatus in a vacuum as is required with most other setups. Experimentally, we shine a laser pulse on a free-floating end of a long sample, the other end of the sample is secured to a heat sink, and measure, via a thermistor, the heat pulse as it travels a well defined distance. In our testing with a silver wire, we found our measurement to be in agreement with the accepted value. As an important application, this method determines the thermal diffusivity for thin films that would otherwise be difficult to measure. As an example, we measured the thermal diffusivity of graphene films upon ceramic substrates. By combining computer modeling and a simple experimental procedure, we are able to efficiently and accurately determine thermal conductivities for a wide variety of samples.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80374815,"asset_id":70762655,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":127717978,"first_name":"Kelly","last_name":"Troncos Martinez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KellyTroncosMartinez","display_name":"Kelly Troncos Martinez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KellyTroncosMartinez?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":2561236,"name":"Laser Flash Method.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Flash_Method?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_59051522" data-work_id="59051522" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59051522/Cutting_and_drilling_of_CVD_diamond_using_a_copper_vapor_laser">Cutting and drilling of CVD diamond using a copper vapor laser</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this work it is presented the results of CVD-diamond processing using a copper vapor laser. With a self filtering unstable resonator the laser produces an average power of 9 watts (in both lines) in a 3.5 times limited diffraction beam... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_59051522" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this work it is presented the results of CVD-diamond processing using a copper vapor laser. With a self filtering unstable resonator the laser produces an average power of 9 watts (in both lines) in a 3.5 times limited diffraction beam at a 10 KHz repetition rate. The laser beam is focused on the diamond surface using a lens with a 1 50 mm focal distance producing a spot size of 70 microns. The laser intensity achieves 2 OW/cm2 on the focus. Electronic microscopy of the processed samples showed clean cut and drill with the whole diameter coincident to the laser beam spot size. Since diamond has a very high thermal diffusivity the temperature rise due to the average power would be not enough to promote evaporation, thus it was concluded that the diamond processing is only due to the laser peak power. Diamond burr with 1 .0 mm in diameter were cut with the same apparatus at a linear velocity of200 mm/hour showing a clear and sharp cut</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59051522" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c29a56d19563a7a716a7d6757860ac1a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73168123,"asset_id":59051522,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73168123/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="83259856" href="https://inpe.academia.edu/EvaldoCorat">Evaldo Corat</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="83259856" type="text/json">{"id":83259856,"first_name":"Evaldo","last_name":"Corat","domain_name":"inpe","page_name":"EvaldoCorat","display_name":"Evaldo Corat","profile_url":"https://inpe.academia.edu/EvaldoCorat?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_59051522 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="59051522"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59051522, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_59051522", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_59051522 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59051522; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_59051522"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_59051522 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59051522"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59051522; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59051522]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_59051522").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_59051522").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="59051522"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2184" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy">Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2184" type="text/json">{"id":2184,"name":"Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copper">Copper</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80692" type="text/json">{"id":80692,"name":"Copper","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copper?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1352501" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peak_Power">Peak Power</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1352501" type="text/json">{"id":1352501,"name":"Peak Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peak_Power?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=59051522]'), work: {"id":59051522,"title":"Cutting and drilling of CVD diamond using a copper vapor laser","created_at":"2021-10-19T11:17:10.938-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/59051522/Cutting_and_drilling_of_CVD_diamond_using_a_copper_vapor_laser?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_59051522","summary":"In this work it is presented the results of CVD-diamond processing using a copper vapor laser. With a self filtering unstable resonator the laser produces an average power of 9 watts (in both lines) in a 3.5 times limited diffraction beam at a 10 KHz repetition rate. The laser beam is focused on the diamond surface using a lens with a 1 50 mm focal distance producing a spot size of 70 microns. The laser intensity achieves 2 OW/cm2 on the focus. Electronic microscopy of the processed samples showed clean cut and drill with the whole diameter coincident to the laser beam spot size. Since diamond has a very high thermal diffusivity the temperature rise due to the average power would be not enough to promote evaporation, thus it was concluded that the diamond processing is only due to the laser peak power. Diamond burr with 1 .0 mm in diameter were cut with the same apparatus at a linear velocity of200 mm/hour showing a clear and sharp cut","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73168123,"asset_id":59051522,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":83259856,"first_name":"Evaldo","last_name":"Corat","domain_name":"inpe","page_name":"EvaldoCorat","display_name":"Evaldo Corat","profile_url":"https://inpe.academia.edu/EvaldoCorat?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2184,"name":"Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":80692,"name":"Copper","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copper?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":1352501,"name":"Peak Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peak_Power?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50350090" data-work_id="50350090" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50350090/Morphological_and_thermal_properties_of_%CE%B2_SnS2_sprayed_thin_films_using_Boubaker_polynomials_expansion">Morphological and thermal properties of β-SnS2 sprayed thin films using Boubaker polynomials expansion</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this work, ␤-SnS 2 thin films have been prepared on glass substrates by the spray pyrolysis technique using an alcohol solution which contains tin chloride (SnCl 4) and thiourea (SC(NH 2) 2) as precursors. The structural study shows... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50350090" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this work, ␤-SnS 2 thin films have been prepared on glass substrates by the spray pyrolysis technique using an alcohol solution which contains tin chloride (SnCl 4) and thiourea (SC(NH 2) 2) as precursors. The structural study shows that ␤-SnS 2 thin film prepared using optimal experimental conditions: substrate temperature T s = 280 • C and the concentration ratio of sulfur and tin elements in the spray solution x = [S]/[Sn] = 2.5, crystallizes in the hexagonal phase with a strong (0 0 1) X-ray diffraction line. In the same way, microprobe analyses (EPMA) as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show the presence of undiserable phase of SnO 2. From the transmission and reflectance spectra, the band gap energy is 2.65 eV. On the other hand, the photothermal properties of such films have been studied, the thermal conductivity was K c = 0.85 W m −1 K −1 and the thermal diffusivity was D c = 14.5 × 10 −6 m 2 s −1. The analysis of ␤-SnS 2 thin films via the photodeflection spectroscopy including the effect of the inhomogeneity at the surface (roughness) and in the bulk (air inclusion, secondary phase of SnO 2) have been discussed for future investigations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50350090" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b54f63db6b296bfa8efc3965f0567ce5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68371012,"asset_id":50350090,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68371012/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68133269" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BELGACEMSAID">SAID BELGACEM</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68133269" type="text/json">{"id":68133269,"first_name":"SAID","last_name":"BELGACEM","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BELGACEMSAID","display_name":"SAID BELGACEM","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BELGACEMSAID?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68133269/133121939/122549848/s65_said.belgacem.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50350090 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50350090"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50350090, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50350090", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50350090]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50350090").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50350090").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50350090"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="505" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics">Condensed Matter Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="505" type="text/json">{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4120" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystal_Growth">Crystal Growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4120" type="text/json">{"id":4120,"name":"Crystal Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystal_Growth?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24373" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Force_Microscopy">Atomic Force Microscopy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24373" type="text/json">{"id":24373,"name":"Atomic Force Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Force_Microscopy?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50350090]'), work: {"id":50350090,"title":"Morphological and thermal properties of β-SnS2 sprayed thin films using Boubaker polynomials expansion","created_at":"2021-07-29T02:56:13.881-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50350090/Morphological_and_thermal_properties_of_%CE%B2_SnS2_sprayed_thin_films_using_Boubaker_polynomials_expansion?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_50350090","summary":"In this work, ␤-SnS 2 thin films have been prepared on glass substrates by the spray pyrolysis technique using an alcohol solution which contains tin chloride (SnCl 4) and thiourea (SC(NH 2) 2) as precursors. The structural study shows that ␤-SnS 2 thin film prepared using optimal experimental conditions: substrate temperature T s = 280 • C and the concentration ratio of sulfur and tin elements in the spray solution x = [S]/[Sn] = 2.5, crystallizes in the hexagonal phase with a strong (0 0 1) X-ray diffraction line. In the same way, microprobe analyses (EPMA) as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show the presence of undiserable phase of SnO 2. From the transmission and reflectance spectra, the band gap energy is 2.65 eV. On the other hand, the photothermal properties of such films have been studied, the thermal conductivity was K c = 0.85 W m −1 K −1 and the thermal diffusivity was D c = 14.5 × 10 −6 m 2 s −1. The analysis of ␤-SnS 2 thin films via the photodeflection spectroscopy including the effect of the inhomogeneity at the surface (roughness) and in the bulk (air inclusion, secondary phase of SnO 2) have been discussed for future investigations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68371012,"asset_id":50350090,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":68133269,"first_name":"SAID","last_name":"BELGACEM","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BELGACEMSAID","display_name":"SAID BELGACEM","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BELGACEMSAID?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68133269/133121939/122549848/s65_said.belgacem.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":4120,"name":"Crystal Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystal_Growth?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":24373,"name":"Atomic Force Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Force_Microscopy?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":33296,"name":"Surface Roughness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Roughness?f_ri=134653"},{"id":101573,"name":"Thin Film","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thin_Film?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":149347,"name":"Band Gap","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Band_Gap?f_ri=134653"},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":386527,"name":"X ray diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_diffraction?f_ri=134653"},{"id":390995,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscope","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscope?f_ri=134653"},{"id":596023,"name":"Atomic Force Microscope","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Force_Microscope?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":902446,"name":"X Ray Diffraction Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_Ray_Diffraction_Analysis?f_ri=134653"},{"id":902639,"name":"X Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_Ray_Photoelectron_Spectroscopy?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1004903,"name":"Spray Pyrolysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spray_Pyrolysis?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13899330" data-work_id="13899330" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13899330/Moisture_absorption_and_desorption_predictions_for_plastic_ball_grid_array_packages">Moisture absorption and desorption predictions for plastic ball grid array packages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Plastic electronic packages are known to absorb moisture when exposed to humid ambient conditions during storage in tape and reel in the factory. Reliability becomes a concern when packages are exposed to a humid environment for a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13899330" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Plastic electronic packages are known to absorb moisture when exposed to humid ambient conditions during storage in tape and reel in the factory. Reliability becomes a concern when packages are exposed to a humid environment for a prolonged time and then processed through a reflow oven. Thermo-mechanical and moisture induced interfacial stresses generated between the die attach and die may</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13899330" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2af0e2447cd738be71544c1e47869115" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44823293,"asset_id":13899330,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44823293/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32970316" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GallowayJesse">Jesse Galloway</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32970316" type="text/json">{"id":32970316,"first_name":"Jesse","last_name":"Galloway","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GallowayJesse","display_name":"Jesse Galloway","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GallowayJesse?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13899330 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13899330"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13899330, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13899330", }); 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Reliability becomes a concern when packages are exposed to a humid environment for a prolonged time and then processed through a reflow oven. 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Slope and intercept of each function were employed to calculate apparent thermal 5 diffusivity at 40, 55 and 70 °C. Generally, FC/S treatments gave significantly higher apparent 6 thermal diffusivities in comparison with FC conditions. 7 Apparent thermal diffusivities were used to develop a model for cooking time and final core 8 temperature prediction on the basis of ovens setting. The model was validated by means of 9 additional cooking tests performed at different temperatures of those employed for model 10 development. RMSE values lower than 3.8 °C were obtained comparing predicted and experimental 11 temperature profiles. Percentage errors lower than 3.1 % and 3.5 % were respectively obtained for 12 cooking times and final core temperatures. 13 14 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS 15 Combi ovens have been gaining popularity since their introduction some years ago and are 16 becoming more popular both in food service operations and in home kitchens. Combi ovens 17 combine the accurate heat control of a convection oven with the efficiency of steam cooking that 18 can be used individually, sequentially or in combination to give the operator multiple cooking 19 choices in a single piece of equipment. For this cooking appliance, temperature and relative 20 humidity deeply affect final quality of meat playing an important role in meat tenderness, juiciness, 21 colour and flavor development. In this study, a mathematical model useful to forecast cooking time 22 on pork longissimus dorsi in a combi oven within the range of temperatures 100 -140 °C were 23 developed and validated. This model could be helpful to give new performances to people that 24 commonly employ air/steam ovens for domestic or food catering operations. 25 26</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30323913" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cf271fc9c34ed574cc1390c826ac76b7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50779861,"asset_id":30323913,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50779861/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="922197" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobertoMassini">Roberto Massini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="922197" type="text/json">{"id":922197,"first_name":"Roberto","last_name":"Massini","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RobertoMassini","display_name":"Roberto Massini","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RobertoMassini?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/922197/344526/409358/s65_roberto.massini.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30323913 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30323913"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30323913, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30323913", }); 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Slope and intercept of each function were employed to calculate apparent thermal 5 diffusivity at 40, 55 and 70 °C. Generally, FC/S treatments gave significantly higher apparent 6 thermal diffusivities in comparison with FC conditions. 7 Apparent thermal diffusivities were used to develop a model for cooking time and final core 8 temperature prediction on the basis of ovens setting. The model was validated by means of 9 additional cooking tests performed at different temperatures of those employed for model 10 development. RMSE values lower than 3.8 °C were obtained comparing predicted and experimental 11 temperature profiles. Percentage errors lower than 3.1 % and 3.5 % were respectively obtained for 12 cooking times and final core temperatures. 13 14 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS 15 Combi ovens have been gaining popularity since their introduction some years ago and are 16 becoming more popular both in food service operations and in home kitchens. Combi ovens 17 combine the accurate heat control of a convection oven with the efficiency of steam cooking that 18 can be used individually, sequentially or in combination to give the operator multiple cooking 19 choices in a single piece of equipment. For this cooking appliance, temperature and relative 20 humidity deeply affect final quality of meat playing an important role in meat tenderness, juiciness, 21 colour and flavor development. In this study, a mathematical model useful to forecast cooking time 22 on pork longissimus dorsi in a combi oven within the range of temperatures 100 -140 °C were 23 developed and validated. This model could be helpful to give new performances to people that 24 commonly employ air/steam ovens for domestic or food catering operations. 25 26","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50779861,"asset_id":30323913,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":922197,"first_name":"Roberto","last_name":"Massini","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RobertoMassini","display_name":"Roberto Massini","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RobertoMassini?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/922197/344526/409358/s65_roberto.massini.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7603,"name":"Food","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":34478,"name":"Food Science and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Science_and_Technology?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":291387,"name":"Mathematical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Model?f_ri=134653"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7758860" data-work_id="7758860" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7758860/Thermal_Mechanical_and_Microstructures_Properties_of_Cellulose_Derivatives_Films_A_Comparative_Study">Thermal, Mechanical and Microstructures Properties of Cellulose Derivatives Films: A Comparative Study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The proposal in this study was to evaluate the physical properties of different biopolymers films. The materials used were: pectin, carboxyl methylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxyl propylcellulose, hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7758860" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The proposal in this study was to evaluate the physical properties of different biopolymers films. The materials used were: pectin, carboxyl methylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxyl propylcellulose, hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose, and corn waxy starch; from these polysaccharides aqueous dispersions were prepared to 3% (w/v) for obtained films. In these biopolymer films, the thermal diffusivities (α) was evaluated by the Open Photoacoustic Cell method; also, their mechanical properties as tensile strength, elongation, and Young’s modulus were measured, their crystallinity percentage was evaluated by X-ray diffraction and microstructure through atomic force microscopy in contact mode. From the polysaccharide films, it was observed that most of them were flexible and transparent. In the case of the films, mechanical properties were found that the highest value of tensile strength and Young’s modulus corresponded to carboxyl methylcellulose with 69.17 and 1,912.20 MPa values, respectively. Also, Open Photoacoustic Cell method and X-ray diffraction measurements showed that there exist a correlation between the thermal diffusivity values and the crystallinity measured in the biopolymer films. It was also observed that α values of cellulose derived was affected by the substitution group in the molecule, reaching the highest α value, the films of carboxyl methylcellulose. Regarding the microstructural of the films, starch showed the highest roughness value (88.6 nm) whereas hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose resulted with the lowest roughness value (7.67 nm).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7758860" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="480ba066d02414c243d0c14051d2b485" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48349660,"asset_id":7758860,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48349660/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14251244" href="https://cinvestav.academia.edu/ArmandoTomas">Armando Tomas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14251244" type="text/json">{"id":14251244,"first_name":"Armando","last_name":"Tomas","domain_name":"cinvestav","page_name":"ArmandoTomas","display_name":"Armando Tomas","profile_url":"https://cinvestav.academia.edu/ArmandoTomas?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7758860 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7758860"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7758860, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7758860", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7758860]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7758860").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7758860").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7758860"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23890" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study">Comparative Study</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23890" type="text/json">{"id":23890,"name":"Comparative Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24373" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Force_Microscopy">Atomic Force Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24373" type="text/json">{"id":24373,"name":"Atomic Force Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Force_Microscopy?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="349107" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydroxypropyl_Methylcellulose">Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="349107" type="text/json">{"id":349107,"name":"Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydroxypropyl_Methylcellulose?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7758860]'), work: {"id":7758860,"title":"Thermal, Mechanical and Microstructures Properties of Cellulose Derivatives Films: A Comparative Study","created_at":"2014-07-23T06:47:05.227-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7758860/Thermal_Mechanical_and_Microstructures_Properties_of_Cellulose_Derivatives_Films_A_Comparative_Study?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_7758860","summary":"The proposal in this study was to evaluate the physical properties of different biopolymers films. The materials used were: pectin, carboxyl methylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxyl propylcellulose, hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose, and corn waxy starch; from these polysaccharides aqueous dispersions were prepared to 3% (w/v) for obtained films. In these biopolymer films, the thermal diffusivities (α) was evaluated by the Open Photoacoustic Cell method; also, their mechanical properties as tensile strength, elongation, and Young’s modulus were measured, their crystallinity percentage was evaluated by X-ray diffraction and microstructure through atomic force microscopy in contact mode. From the polysaccharide films, it was observed that most of them were flexible and transparent. In the case of the films, mechanical properties were found that the highest value of tensile strength and Young’s modulus corresponded to carboxyl methylcellulose with 69.17 and 1,912.20 MPa values, respectively. Also, Open Photoacoustic Cell method and X-ray diffraction measurements showed that there exist a correlation between the thermal diffusivity values and the crystallinity measured in the biopolymer films. It was also observed that α values of cellulose derived was affected by the substitution group in the molecule, reaching the highest α value, the films of carboxyl methylcellulose. Regarding the microstructural of the films, starch showed the highest roughness value (88.6 nm) whereas hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose resulted with the lowest roughness value (7.67 nm).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48349660,"asset_id":7758860,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14251244,"first_name":"Armando","last_name":"Tomas","domain_name":"cinvestav","page_name":"ArmandoTomas","display_name":"Armando Tomas","profile_url":"https://cinvestav.academia.edu/ArmandoTomas?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23890,"name":"Comparative Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":24373,"name":"Atomic Force Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Force_Microscopy?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":349107,"name":"Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydroxypropyl_Methylcellulose?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":386527,"name":"X ray diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_diffraction?f_ri=134653"},{"id":473797,"name":"Microstructures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructures?f_ri=134653"},{"id":973999,"name":"Tensile Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tensile_Strength?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1228946,"name":"Physical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Properties?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17352984" data-work_id="17352984" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17352984/Thermo_physical_characteristics_of_economical_building_materials">Thermo physical characteristics of economical building materials</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An experimental study was carried out in order to determine the properties of local materials used as construction materials. Cement stabilized compressed bricks were tested. The thermal properties of lateritic soil based materials were... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17352984" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An experimental study was carried out in order to determine the properties of local materials used as construction materials. Cement stabilized compressed bricks were tested. The thermal properties of lateritic soil based materials were determined. The objectives of work reported in this paper are to determine the effect of addition of pozzolan or sawdust in lateritic soil brick on the thermal properties. It was shown that the effect of incorporation of pozzolan or sawdust is the decreasing of the thermal conductivity and density. The moisture content of these materials can modify their thermal performance. Thus a study of the influence of the water content on the thermal conductivity k and the thermal diffusivity a is presented. The thermal conductivity as a function of water content increases rapidly between 0 and 12% for lateritic soil. The thermal diffusivity curve presents a maximum for values of water content of 15% for lateritic soil and 8% for lateritic soil-pozzolan or lateritic soil-sawdust. However, the composite materials used for building shielding must present sufficient mechanical strength to be suitable for constructions. According to the experimental results the effect of adding cement or pozzolanic stabiliser is expressed in increase of strength of samples studied. ᮊ</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17352984" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bdcaf85c966df2ff388ea3b89e3f4ba0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39462277,"asset_id":17352984,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39462277/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37075268" href="https://cyu-fr.academia.edu/AlbertNoumow%C3%A9">Albert Noumowé</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37075268" type="text/json">{"id":37075268,"first_name":"Albert","last_name":"Noumowé","domain_name":"cyu-fr","page_name":"AlbertNoumowé","display_name":"Albert Noumowé","profile_url":"https://cyu-fr.academia.edu/AlbertNoumow%C3%A9?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17352984 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17352984"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17352984, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17352984", }); 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Cement stabilized compressed bricks were tested. The thermal properties of lateritic soil based materials were determined. The objectives of work reported in this paper are to determine the effect of addition of pozzolan or sawdust in lateritic soil brick on the thermal properties. It was shown that the effect of incorporation of pozzolan or sawdust is the decreasing of the thermal conductivity and density. The moisture content of these materials can modify their thermal performance. Thus a study of the influence of the water content on the thermal conductivity k and the thermal diffusivity a is presented. The thermal conductivity as a function of water content increases rapidly between 0 and 12% for lateritic soil. The thermal diffusivity curve presents a maximum for values of water content of 15% for lateritic soil and 8% for lateritic soil-pozzolan or lateritic soil-sawdust. However, the composite materials used for building shielding must present sufficient mechanical strength to be suitable for constructions. According to the experimental results the effect of adding cement or pozzolanic stabiliser is expressed in increase of strength of samples studied. ᮊ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39462277,"asset_id":17352984,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37075268,"first_name":"Albert","last_name":"Noumowé","domain_name":"cyu-fr","page_name":"AlbertNoumowé","display_name":"Albert Noumowé","profile_url":"https://cyu-fr.academia.edu/AlbertNoumow%C3%A9?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":101782,"name":"Building","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":169323,"name":"Composite Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composite_Material?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":215075,"name":"Experimental Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study?f_ri=134653"},{"id":225789,"name":"Building and Construction Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building_and_Construction_Materials?f_ri=134653"},{"id":234014,"name":"Thermal Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Performance?f_ri=134653"},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":352693,"name":"Thermophysical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermophysical_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":485667,"name":"Moisture Content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moisture_Content?f_ri=134653"},{"id":500811,"name":"Building Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building_Material?f_ri=134653"},{"id":568706,"name":"Construction Building","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Construction_Building?f_ri=134653"},{"id":845678,"name":"Water Content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Content?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21887715" data-work_id="21887715" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21887715/Infinite_dimensional_sampled_data_Kalman_filter">Infinite-dimensional sampled-data Kalman filter</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper contains a brief overview of the infinitedimensional sampled-data Kalman filter (ISKF) derivation [1]. The ISKF is essentially a mathematical extension of the (finitedimensional) sampled-data Kalman filter that applies to a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21887715" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper contains a brief overview of the infinitedimensional sampled-data Kalman filter (ISKF) derivation [1]. The ISKF is essentially a mathematical extension of the (finitedimensional) sampled-data Kalman filter that applies to a larger class of problems that satisfy the strongly continuous semigroup property which includes certain partial and delay differential equations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21887715" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="40c13a32425a82cb8f3917e30d56b49f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42624517,"asset_id":21887715,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42624517/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32290804" href="https://afit.academia.edu/MarkEOxley">Mark E Oxley</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32290804" type="text/json">{"id":32290804,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Oxley","domain_name":"afit","page_name":"MarkEOxley","display_name":"Mark E Oxley","profile_url":"https://afit.academia.edu/MarkEOxley?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32290804/9939132/11082453/s65_mark.oxley.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21887715 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21887715"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21887715, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21887715", }); 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The ISKF is essentially a mathematical extension of the (finitedimensional) sampled-data Kalman filter that applies to a larger class of problems that satisfy the strongly continuous semigroup property which includes certain partial and delay differential equations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42624517,"asset_id":21887715,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32290804,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Oxley","domain_name":"afit","page_name":"MarkEOxley","display_name":"Mark E Oxley","profile_url":"https://afit.academia.edu/MarkEOxley?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32290804/9939132/11082453/s65_mark.oxley.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":377,"name":"Partial Differential Equations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Partial_Differential_Equations?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":9355,"name":"Equations of State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Equations_of_State?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":43131,"name":"Stochastic processes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stochastic_processes?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":49146,"name":"Kalman Filter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kalman_Filter?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":84487,"name":"Delay Differential Equation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Delay_Differential_Equation?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":235663,"name":"Temperature Distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Distribution?f_ri=134653"},{"id":679783,"name":"Boolean Satisfiability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boolean_Satisfiability?f_ri=134653"},{"id":694897,"name":"Dynamic Model of WSN","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dynamic_Model_of_WSN?f_ri=134653"},{"id":991097,"name":"Continuous Time Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Continuous_Time_Systems?f_ri=134653"},{"id":991101,"name":"Discrete Time Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discrete_Time_Systems?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1132242,"name":"Multidimensional Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidimensional_Systems?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26314856" data-work_id="26314856" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26314856/Determination_of_Thermal_Diffusivities_Thermal_Conductivities_and_Sound_Speeds_of_Room_Temperature_Ionic_Liquids_by_the_Transient_Grating_Technique">Determination of Thermal Diffusivities, Thermal Conductivities, and Sound Speeds of Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids by the Transient Grating Technique</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We report measurements of thermal diffusivity of several room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) using the transient grating method. Measurements are carried out using ionic liquids with small concentrations of an inert dye that is excited... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26314856" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We report measurements of thermal diffusivity of several room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) using the transient grating method. Measurements are carried out using ionic liquids with small concentrations of an inert dye that is excited by the 532 nm output of a Nd:YAG laser in a grating with a fringe spacings of (92 and 104) µm. The experiments give thermal diffusivities from which thermal conductivities can be determined, sound speeds, and acoustic damping parameters for seven ionic liquids. In this study, we have used combinations of the cation 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium [BMIm] + ) with the anions tetrafluoroborate ([BF 4 ] -), hexafluorophosphate ([PF 6 ] -), and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Tf 2 N] -) and combinations of the anion [Tf 2 N]with the cations 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ([EMIm] + ), 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium ([PMIm] + ), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium ([HMIm] + ), and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium ([OMIm] + ) to determine the effect of anion and cation on the thermophysical properties of the RTILs. Results obtained indicate that the anion exerts a strong influence not only on the sound speed but also on the thermal diffusivity and acoustic damping of the RTILs. For RTILs with the same cation [BMIm] + , changing the anion from [BF 4 ]to either [PF 6 ]or [Tf 2 N]leads to decreases in the sound speed, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity. The size of the cation, however, does not significantly influence the sound speed or the thermal diffusivity of the RTILs.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26314856" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fd028f054c011606bc62100c6bdd8176" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46627843,"asset_id":26314856,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46627843/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28411608" href="https://marquette.academia.edu/ChieuTran">Chieu D Tran</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28411608" type="text/json">{"id":28411608,"first_name":"Chieu","last_name":"Tran","domain_name":"marquette","page_name":"ChieuTran","display_name":"Chieu D Tran","profile_url":"https://marquette.academia.edu/ChieuTran?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26314856 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26314856"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26314856, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26314856", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26314856]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26314856").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26314856").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26314856"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14054" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical">Chemical</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14054" type="text/json">{"id":14054,"name":"Chemical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="246758" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity">Thermal Conductivity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="246758" type="text/json">{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26314856]'), work: {"id":26314856,"title":"Determination of Thermal Diffusivities, Thermal Conductivities, and Sound Speeds of Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids by the Transient Grating Technique","created_at":"2016-06-19T16:51:59.633-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26314856/Determination_of_Thermal_Diffusivities_Thermal_Conductivities_and_Sound_Speeds_of_Room_Temperature_Ionic_Liquids_by_the_Transient_Grating_Technique?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_26314856","summary":"We report measurements of thermal diffusivity of several room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) using the transient grating method. Measurements are carried out using ionic liquids with small concentrations of an inert dye that is excited by the 532 nm output of a Nd:YAG laser in a grating with a fringe spacings of (92 and 104) µm. The experiments give thermal diffusivities from which thermal conductivities can be determined, sound speeds, and acoustic damping parameters for seven ionic liquids. In this study, we have used combinations of the cation 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium [BMIm] + ) with the anions tetrafluoroborate ([BF 4 ] -), hexafluorophosphate ([PF 6 ] -), and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Tf 2 N] -) and combinations of the anion [Tf 2 N]with the cations 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ([EMIm] + ), 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium ([PMIm] + ), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium ([HMIm] + ), and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium ([OMIm] + ) to determine the effect of anion and cation on the thermophysical properties of the RTILs. Results obtained indicate that the anion exerts a strong influence not only on the sound speed but also on the thermal diffusivity and acoustic damping of the RTILs. For RTILs with the same cation [BMIm] + , changing the anion from [BF 4 ]to either [PF 6 ]or [Tf 2 N]leads to decreases in the sound speed, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity. The size of the cation, however, does not significantly influence the sound speed or the thermal diffusivity of the RTILs.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46627843,"asset_id":26314856,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28411608,"first_name":"Chieu","last_name":"Tran","domain_name":"marquette","page_name":"ChieuTran","display_name":"Chieu D Tran","profile_url":"https://marquette.academia.edu/ChieuTran?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":14054,"name":"Chemical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6265058" data-work_id="6265058" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6265058/Apparent_thermal_diffusivity_estimation_of_the_banana_during_drying_using_inverse_method">Apparent thermal diffusivity estimation of the banana during drying using inverse method</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A new approach for the estimation of apparent thermal diffusivity of foods at different drying temperatures was explored, analysed and discussed in this work. Temperature versus time was obtained numerically at the center of the food... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6265058" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A new approach for the estimation of apparent thermal diffusivity of foods at different drying temperatures was explored, analysed and discussed in this work. Temperature versus time was obtained numerically at the center of the food (banana, ''nanicão" variety) using the 1D Fourier equation with drying temperatures in the range between approximately 17-65°C and moisture content in the range between 0.01 and 3.43 (dry basis). The solution of the partial differential equation is made with a finite difference method coupled to an optimization technique of Differential Evolution used in inverse method. The mathematical model proposed considered the effects of shrinkage and convective heat transfer at surface of fruit. Parameters of two functions, the first dependent of the moisture content and the second dependent also of the temperature were obtained by inverse method modelling the apparent thermal diffusivity. Such parameters that provide the best least square fit between the experimental and predicted time-temperatures curves are presented in this work. This study demonstrated that a small change in the temperature and moisture content of banana cause an abrupt change in the apparent thermal diffusivity, which decrease with the decreasing of the moisture. Statistical analysis shows the excellent agreement between reported and estimated curves.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6265058" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7459a77d097b3162534ade4a0352efaf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48941521,"asset_id":6265058,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48941521/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9667364" href="https://uff.academia.edu/leandrocoelho">leandro coelho</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9667364" type="text/json">{"id":9667364,"first_name":"leandro","last_name":"coelho","domain_name":"uff","page_name":"leandrocoelho","display_name":"leandro coelho","profile_url":"https://uff.academia.edu/leandrocoelho?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6265058 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6265058"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6265058, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6265058", }); 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Temperature versus time was obtained numerically at the center of the food (banana, ''nanicão\" variety) using the 1D Fourier equation with drying temperatures in the range between approximately 17-65°C and moisture content in the range between 0.01 and 3.43 (dry basis). The solution of the partial differential equation is made with a finite difference method coupled to an optimization technique of Differential Evolution used in inverse method. The mathematical model proposed considered the effects of shrinkage and convective heat transfer at surface of fruit. Parameters of two functions, the first dependent of the moisture content and the second dependent also of the temperature were obtained by inverse method modelling the apparent thermal diffusivity. Such parameters that provide the best least square fit between the experimental and predicted time-temperatures curves are presented in this work. This study demonstrated that a small change in the temperature and moisture content of banana cause an abrupt change in the apparent thermal diffusivity, which decrease with the decreasing of the moisture. Statistical analysis shows the excellent agreement between reported and estimated curves.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48941521,"asset_id":6265058,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9667364,"first_name":"leandro","last_name":"coelho","domain_name":"uff","page_name":"leandrocoelho","display_name":"leandro coelho","profile_url":"https://uff.academia.edu/leandrocoelho?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4468,"name":"Food Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":5187,"name":"Statistical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Analysis?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":7603,"name":"Food","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":12346,"name":"Differential Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Evolution?f_ri=134653"},{"id":107083,"name":"Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Method?f_ri=134653"},{"id":129447,"name":"Drying","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drying?f_ri=134653"},{"id":132898,"name":"Estimation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estimation?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":194130,"name":"PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PARTIAL_DIFFERENTIAL_EQUATION?f_ri=134653"},{"id":213950,"name":"Inverse Problem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inverse_Problem?f_ri=134653"},{"id":229394,"name":"Inverse Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inverse_Method?f_ri=134653"},{"id":291387,"name":"Mathematical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Model?f_ri=134653"},{"id":347212,"name":"OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/OPTIMIZATION_TECHNIQUE?f_ri=134653"},{"id":485667,"name":"Moisture Content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moisture_Content?f_ri=134653"},{"id":497302,"name":"Finite Difference Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Difference_Method?f_ri=134653"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=134653"},{"id":661889,"name":"Convective Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Convective_Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13436143" data-work_id="13436143" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13436143/Determination_of_Thermal_Conductivity_of_Polymer_Composites_Filled_with_Solid_Glass_Beads">Determination of Thermal Conductivity of Polymer Composites Filled with Solid Glass Beads</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">International Conference on Advancement in Polymeric Materials March 25th to 27th, 2011, CIPET, Chennai ... Polymer Composites Filled with Solid Glass Beads ... 1 Debasmita Mishra, 1 Lucy Mohapatra, 1 Alok Satapathy and 2 Amar Patnaik</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13436143" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="962226724d5451f9080c83249b8ed6ab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45343598,"asset_id":13436143,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45343598/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32658313" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PatnaikAmar">Amar Patnaik</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32658313" type="text/json">{"id":32658313,"first_name":"Amar","last_name":"Patnaik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PatnaikAmar","display_name":"Amar Patnaik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PatnaikAmar?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13436143 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13436143"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13436143, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13436143", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13436143]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13436143").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13436143").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13436143"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry">Differential scanning calorimetry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="78753" type="text/json">{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13436143]'), work: {"id":13436143,"title":"Determination of Thermal Conductivity of Polymer Composites Filled with Solid Glass Beads","created_at":"2015-06-29T23:17:29.450-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13436143/Determination_of_Thermal_Conductivity_of_Polymer_Composites_Filled_with_Solid_Glass_Beads?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_13436143","summary":"International Conference on Advancement in Polymeric Materials March 25th to 27th, 2011, CIPET, Chennai ... Polymer Composites Filled with Solid Glass Beads ... 1 Debasmita Mishra, 1 Lucy Mohapatra, 1 Alok Satapathy and 2 Amar Patnaik","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45343598,"asset_id":13436143,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32658313,"first_name":"Amar","last_name":"Patnaik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PatnaikAmar","display_name":"Amar Patnaik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PatnaikAmar?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=134653"},{"id":827572,"name":"Specific Heat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1202042,"name":"Electric Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electric_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27028446 coauthored" data-work_id="27028446" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27028446/Overview_of_MAST_results">Overview of MAST results</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Significant progress has been made on the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) towards a fundamental understanding of transport, stability and edge physics and addressing technological issues for future large devices. Collaborative... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27028446" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Significant progress has been made on the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) towards a fundamental understanding of transport, stability and edge physics and addressing technological issues for future large devices. Collaborative studies of the L-H transition with NSTX and ASDEX Upgrade confirm that operation in a connected double-null configuration significantly reduces the threshold power, P thr . The MAST data provide support for a theory for the transition based on finite β drift wave turbulence suppression by self-generated zonal flows. Analysis of low and high field side density gradients in the H-mode pedestal provides support for an analytical model of the density pedestal width dependent on the neutral penetration depth. Adding MAST data to international confinement databases has enhanced confidence in scalings for ITER by significantly expanding the range of β and ε explored and indicates a slightly stronger ε dependence than in current scalings. Studies of core transport have been conducted for well-diagnosed L-mode, H-mode and internal transport barrier (ITB) discharges using TRANSP, and microstability and turbulence studies have been carried out using GS2. Linear micro-stability analysis indicates that ITG modes are typically unstable on all flux surfaces with growth rates that are comparable to the equilibrium E × B flow shearing rate. Mixing length estimates of transport coefficients from ITG (neglecting flow shear) give diffusion coefficients that are broadly comparable with observed thermal diffusivities. Non-linear, collisionless ETG calculations have been performed and suggest radially extended electrostatic streamers up to 100ρ e across in radius. Transport from ITG could easily be suppressed in regions where the E × B shear flow rate,</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27028446" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a6e87a6e19a1d80c61b219d57ed60a8d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47287817,"asset_id":27028446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47287817/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51062667" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KenMcclements">Ken Mcclements</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51062667" type="text/json">{"id":51062667,"first_name":"Ken","last_name":"Mcclements","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KenMcclements","display_name":"Ken Mcclements","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KenMcclements?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-27028446">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-27028446"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MilitelloF">F. Militello</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-27028446'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-27028446').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27028446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27028446"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27028446, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27028446", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27028446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27028446; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27028446"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27028446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27028446"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27028446; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27028446]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27028446").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27028446").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27028446"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5495" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wave_turbulence">Wave turbulence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5495" type="text/json">{"id":5495,"name":"Wave turbulence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wave_turbulence?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44507" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear">Nuclear</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="44507" type="text/json">{"id":44507,"name":"Nuclear","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="69704" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Fusion">Nuclear Fusion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="69704" type="text/json">{"id":69704,"name":"Nuclear Fusion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Fusion?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27028446]'), work: {"id":27028446,"title":"Overview of MAST results","created_at":"2016-07-16T09:02:36.556-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27028446/Overview_of_MAST_results?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_27028446","summary":"Significant progress has been made on the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) towards a fundamental understanding of transport, stability and edge physics and addressing technological issues for future large devices. Collaborative studies of the L-H transition with NSTX and ASDEX Upgrade confirm that operation in a connected double-null configuration significantly reduces the threshold power, P thr . The MAST data provide support for a theory for the transition based on finite β drift wave turbulence suppression by self-generated zonal flows. Analysis of low and high field side density gradients in the H-mode pedestal provides support for an analytical model of the density pedestal width dependent on the neutral penetration depth. Adding MAST data to international confinement databases has enhanced confidence in scalings for ITER by significantly expanding the range of β and ε explored and indicates a slightly stronger ε dependence than in current scalings. Studies of core transport have been conducted for well-diagnosed L-mode, H-mode and internal transport barrier (ITB) discharges using TRANSP, and microstability and turbulence studies have been carried out using GS2. Linear micro-stability analysis indicates that ITG modes are typically unstable on all flux surfaces with growth rates that are comparable to the equilibrium E × B flow shearing rate. Mixing length estimates of transport coefficients from ITG (neglecting flow shear) give diffusion coefficients that are broadly comparable with observed thermal diffusivities. Non-linear, collisionless ETG calculations have been performed and suggest radially extended electrostatic streamers up to 100ρ e across in radius. Transport from ITG could easily be suppressed in regions where the E × B shear flow rate,","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47287817,"asset_id":27028446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51062667,"first_name":"Ken","last_name":"Mcclements","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KenMcclements","display_name":"Ken Mcclements","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KenMcclements?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":51214408,"first_name":"F.","last_name":"Militello","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MilitelloF","display_name":"F. Militello","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MilitelloF?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5495,"name":"Wave turbulence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wave_turbulence?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":44507,"name":"Nuclear","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":69704,"name":"Nuclear Fusion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Fusion?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":136751,"name":"Stability Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stability_Analysis?f_ri=134653"},{"id":188736,"name":"Shear Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_Flow?f_ri=134653"},{"id":201306,"name":"Heat Flux","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flux?f_ri=134653"},{"id":286419,"name":"Density gradient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Density_gradient?f_ri=134653"},{"id":309493,"name":"Diffusion Coefficient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diffusion_Coefficient?f_ri=134653"},{"id":413300,"name":"Analytical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Model?f_ri=134653"},{"id":460754,"name":"Flow analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_analysis?f_ri=134653"},{"id":533274,"name":"Growth rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth_rate?f_ri=134653"},{"id":832539,"name":"Penetration Depth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Penetration_Depth?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1130559,"name":"Electric Field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electric_Field?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1672056,"name":"Energetic particles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energetic_particles?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17899506 coauthored" data-work_id="17899506" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17899506/Electromagnetic_Interference_Shielding_Effectiveness_of_New_Conducting_Polymer_Composite">Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness of New Conducting Polymer Composite</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Electrical conductivity and shielding effectiveness (SE) of conductive polymer composite of polypyrrole-chitosan (PPy-CHI) have been studied. It was shown that chitosan can improve electrical and thermal properties of polypyrrole. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17899506" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Electrical conductivity and shielding effectiveness (SE) of conductive polymer composite of polypyrrole-chitosan (PPy-CHI) have been studied. It was shown that chitosan can improve electrical and thermal properties of polypyrrole. The applicability of PPy-CHI composite films to the electromagnetic wave shielding in the microwave frequency range from 8 to 12 GHz were investigated. The SE of the composite films had a</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17899506" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3609d9fd549782954ab70c7af6ce047c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42219076,"asset_id":17899506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42219076/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38067635" href="https://upm.academia.edu/ZTalib">Z. Talib</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38067635" type="text/json">{"id":38067635,"first_name":"Z.","last_name":"Talib","domain_name":"upm","page_name":"ZTalib","display_name":"Z. Talib","profile_url":"https://upm.academia.edu/ZTalib?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-17899506">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-17899506"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/KassimAnuar">Anuar Kassim</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-17899506'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-17899506').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17899506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17899506"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17899506, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17899506", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17899506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17899506; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17899506"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17899506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17899506"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17899506; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17899506]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17899506").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17899506").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17899506"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19751" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Interference">Electromagnetic Interference</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19751" type="text/json">{"id":19751,"name":"Electromagnetic Interference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Interference?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64388" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Waves">Electromagnetic Waves</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64388" type="text/json">{"id":64388,"name":"Electromagnetic Waves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Waves?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="85458" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conducting_Polymer">Conducting Polymer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="85458" type="text/json">{"id":85458,"name":"Conducting Polymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conducting_Polymer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17899506]'), work: {"id":17899506,"title":"Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness of New Conducting Polymer Composite","created_at":"2015-11-07T03:03:34.843-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17899506/Electromagnetic_Interference_Shielding_Effectiveness_of_New_Conducting_Polymer_Composite?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_17899506","summary":"Electrical conductivity and shielding effectiveness (SE) of conductive polymer composite of polypyrrole-chitosan (PPy-CHI) have been studied. It was shown that chitosan can improve electrical and thermal properties of polypyrrole. The applicability of PPy-CHI composite films to the electromagnetic wave shielding in the microwave frequency range from 8 to 12 GHz were investigated. The SE of the composite films had a","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42219076,"asset_id":17899506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38067635,"first_name":"Z.","last_name":"Talib","domain_name":"upm","page_name":"ZTalib","display_name":"Z. Talib","profile_url":"https://upm.academia.edu/ZTalib?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":37813907,"first_name":"Anuar","last_name":"Kassim","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KassimAnuar","display_name":"Anuar Kassim","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KassimAnuar?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":19751,"name":"Electromagnetic Interference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Interference?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":64388,"name":"Electromagnetic Waves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Waves?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":85458,"name":"Conducting Polymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conducting_Polymer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1202042,"name":"Electric Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electric_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17433269" data-work_id="17433269" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17433269/Experimental_methodology_and_heat_transfer_model_for_identification_of_ignition_kinetics_of_powdered_fuels">Experimental methodology and heat transfer model for identification of ignition kinetics of powdered fuels</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A methodology for investigating and quantifying the thermal processes leading to ignition of rapidly heated metal powders was developed. The simple experiment involves observing ignition of a powder coated on the surface of an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17433269" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A methodology for investigating and quantifying the thermal processes leading to ignition of rapidly heated metal powders was developed. The simple experiment involves observing ignition of a powder coated on the surface of an electrically heated filament and is well suited for a variety of powdered fuels. In an experimental case study, the ignition temperature of spherical Mg powder was detected optically at different heating rates. To interpret the results, a heat transfer model was developed for a multilayer powder coating on the heated cylindrical filament. The thermal contact resistance between particles was determined from the measured bulk thermal diffusivity of the powder considering the experimental particle size distribution. An Arrhenius type expression was used to describe the exothermic chemical processes leading to ignition with the pre-exponent as an adjustable parameter. For Mg, a pre-exponent value identified by matching the calculations with the experimental data was found to be 10 10 kg/m 2 s. The match between the experimental and predicted temperatures and times of ignition was good for different heating rates, which validated the proposed heat transfer model and indicated that the developed methodology is practically useful.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17433269" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c3643b509e373df49b8fe0b44c3c062d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39505495,"asset_id":17433269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39505495/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37164925" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EdwardDreizin">Edward Dreizin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37164925" type="text/json">{"id":37164925,"first_name":"Edward","last_name":"Dreizin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EdwardDreizin","display_name":"Edward Dreizin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EdwardDreizin?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17433269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17433269"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17433269, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17433269", }); 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The simple experiment involves observing ignition of a powder coated on the surface of an electrically heated filament and is well suited for a variety of powdered fuels. In an experimental case study, the ignition temperature of spherical Mg powder was detected optically at different heating rates. To interpret the results, a heat transfer model was developed for a multilayer powder coating on the heated cylindrical filament. The thermal contact resistance between particles was determined from the measured bulk thermal diffusivity of the powder considering the experimental particle size distribution. An Arrhenius type expression was used to describe the exothermic chemical processes leading to ignition with the pre-exponent as an adjustable parameter. For Mg, a pre-exponent value identified by matching the calculations with the experimental data was found to be 10 10 kg/m 2 s. The match between the experimental and predicted temperatures and times of ignition was good for different heating rates, which validated the proposed heat transfer model and indicated that the developed methodology is practically useful.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39505495,"asset_id":17433269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37164925,"first_name":"Edward","last_name":"Dreizin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EdwardDreizin","display_name":"Edward Dreizin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EdwardDreizin?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":33661,"name":"Heat and Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":215952,"name":"Thermal Contact Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Contact_Resistance?f_ri=134653"},{"id":390245,"name":"Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_59398949" data-work_id="59398949" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59398949/Evaluation_of_vertical_groundwater_fluxes_and_thermal_properties_of_aquifers_based_on_transient_temperature_depth_profiles">Evaluation of vertical groundwater fluxes and thermal properties of aquifers based on transient temperature-depth profiles</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A series of type curves is presented for estimating vertical groundwater fluxes in relatively shallow aquifers by using seasonal changes in groundwater temperature-depth profiles. Vertical groundwater fluxes are estimated by fitting a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_59398949" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A series of type curves is presented for estimating vertical groundwater fluxes in relatively shallow aquifers by using seasonal changes in groundwater temperature-depth profiles. Vertical groundwater fluxes are estimated by fitting a dimensionless parameter to the type curves when the amplitude of annual variations of groundwater temperature at several depths and the thermal diffusivity of the aquifer are known or measured. Both upward and downward groundwater fluxes estimated by fitting temperatures observed in Nagaoka plain, Japan to the type curves agree well with the fluxes calculated from hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic gradient data. Measurements of seasonal changes in groundwater temperature and hydraulic gradients were analyzed to estimate the thermal diffusivity of the aquifer in situ that is close to the value reported in the literature. INTRODUCTION Subsurface temperature is a tracer for detecting water movement, because heat in the subsurface is transported not only by conduction but also by advection caused by subsurface water movement. Stallman [1963] derived a basic equation for the simultaneous transfer of heat and water in porous media. Bredehoeft and Papadopulos [1965] derived type curves based on Stallman's equation for determining one-dimensional groundwater flux by fitting temperature data in wells. After improvements by Stallman [1967] and $orey [1971] for small groundwater fluxes, this type-curve method was applied to the estimation of one-dimensional vertical groundwater fluxes and compared with fluxes calculated from hydraulic data [Cartwright, 1979; Jessop and Vigrass, 1989] and with values obtained from the water balance method [Boyle and Saleera, 1979]. The type-curve method was also applied to the estimation of onedimensional horizontal flow rate by using the bottom hole temperature of deep wells of similar depths [Cartwright, 1970; Sakura, 1977]. Groundwater fluxes estimated with type curves agreed well with those obtained from hydraulic data and basin water balance calculations. Different approaches based on conservation of energy have been applied to detect convective heat transfer caused by groundwater flow by plotting temperature gradient versus temperature [Mansure and Reiter, 1979; Jessop and Vigrass, 1989] and conductive heat flow versus temperature [Reiter et al., 1989]. For two-dimensional groundwater flow, an analytical study by Domenico and Palciauskas [1973] and numerical studies by Parsons [1970] and Smith and Chapman [1983] have been conducted to solve the simultaneous transport of heat and water. Woodbury and Smith [1985] carried out three-dimensional numerical simulations to investigate the effect of three-dimensional groundwater flow on the near-surface thermal regime. However, in all of these studies, the groundwater fluxes were estimated from steady state temperature distributions in relatively deep aquifers. The estimation of groundwater fluxes from temperatures in relatively shallow aquifers is</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59398949" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="24e2edd34abe3ebcdf73fda08da45236" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73341978,"asset_id":59398949,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73341978/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33318493" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MTaniguchi">M. 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Vertical groundwater fluxes are estimated by fitting a dimensionless parameter to the type curves when the amplitude of annual variations of groundwater temperature at several depths and the thermal diffusivity of the aquifer are known or measured. Both upward and downward groundwater fluxes estimated by fitting temperatures observed in Nagaoka plain, Japan to the type curves agree well with the fluxes calculated from hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic gradient data. Measurements of seasonal changes in groundwater temperature and hydraulic gradients were analyzed to estimate the thermal diffusivity of the aquifer in situ that is close to the value reported in the literature. INTRODUCTION Subsurface temperature is a tracer for detecting water movement, because heat in the subsurface is transported not only by conduction but also by advection caused by subsurface water movement. Stallman [1963] derived a basic equation for the simultaneous transfer of heat and water in porous media. Bredehoeft and Papadopulos [1965] derived type curves based on Stallman's equation for determining one-dimensional groundwater flux by fitting temperature data in wells. After improvements by Stallman [1967] and $orey [1971] for small groundwater fluxes, this type-curve method was applied to the estimation of one-dimensional vertical groundwater fluxes and compared with fluxes calculated from hydraulic data [Cartwright, 1979; Jessop and Vigrass, 1989] and with values obtained from the water balance method [Boyle and Saleera, 1979]. The type-curve method was also applied to the estimation of onedimensional horizontal flow rate by using the bottom hole temperature of deep wells of similar depths [Cartwright, 1970; Sakura, 1977]. Groundwater fluxes estimated with type curves agreed well with those obtained from hydraulic data and basin water balance calculations. Different approaches based on conservation of energy have been applied to detect convective heat transfer caused by groundwater flow by plotting temperature gradient versus temperature [Mansure and Reiter, 1979; Jessop and Vigrass, 1989] and conductive heat flow versus temperature [Reiter et al., 1989]. For two-dimensional groundwater flow, an analytical study by Domenico and Palciauskas [1973] and numerical studies by Parsons [1970] and Smith and Chapman [1983] have been conducted to solve the simultaneous transport of heat and water. Woodbury and Smith [1985] carried out three-dimensional numerical simulations to investigate the effect of three-dimensional groundwater flow on the near-surface thermal regime. However, in all of these studies, the groundwater fluxes were estimated from steady state temperature distributions in relatively deep aquifers. The estimation of groundwater fluxes from temperatures in relatively shallow aquifers is","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73341978,"asset_id":59398949,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33318493,"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Taniguchi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MTaniguchi","display_name":"M. Taniguchi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MTaniguchi?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":27659,"name":"Applied Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43956761" data-work_id="43956761" 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Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drying_Technology?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":33296,"name":"Surface Roughness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Roughness?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":129447,"name":"Drying","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drying?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":215952,"name":"Thermal Contact Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Contact_Resistance?f_ri=134653"},{"id":234860,"name":"Steady state","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steady_state?f_ri=134653"},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":510928,"name":"Contact Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contact_Resistance?f_ri=134653"},{"id":613756,"name":"Digital printing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_printing?f_ri=134653"},{"id":827572,"name":"Specific Heat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26331276" data-work_id="26331276" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26331276/Thermal_diffusivity_measurement_of_micron_thick_semiconductor_films_by_mirage_detection">Thermal diffusivity measurement of micron-thick semiconductor films by mirage detection</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We describe a method using the mirage detection technique for thermal diffusivity measurements of thin films. High frequency measurements are required for such materials, By determining the difference between two phase measurements, we... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26331276" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We describe a method using the mirage detection technique for thermal diffusivity measurements of thin films. High frequency measurements are required for such materials, By determining the difference between two phase measurements, we have been able to avoid probe beam size effects which strongly affect the high frequency responses. The thermal diffusivity ofa polycrystalline semiconductor thin film has been measured by using optical heating and compared with the corresponding single-crystal diffusivity. The thermal diffusivity of polymer semiconductor thin films has been obtained for various dopings by using electrical heating.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26331276" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d2e7e5a8cf2a61429055cae29b6cbb20" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46642385,"asset_id":26331276,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46642385/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36124030" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ABoccara">A. 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High frequency measurements are required for such materials, By determining the difference between two phase measurements, we have been able to avoid probe beam size effects which strongly affect the high frequency responses. The thermal diffusivity ofa polycrystalline semiconductor thin film has been measured by using optical heating and compared with the corresponding single-crystal diffusivity. The thermal diffusivity of polymer semiconductor thin films has been obtained for various dopings by using electrical heating.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46642385,"asset_id":26331276,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":36124030,"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Boccara","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ABoccara","display_name":"A. Boccara","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ABoccara?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":537242,"name":"Thin Solid Films","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thin_Solid_Films?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22497308" data-work_id="22497308" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22497308/Thermophysical_and_electrokinetic_properties_of_nanofluids_A_critical_review">Thermophysical and electrokinetic properties of nanofluids – A critical review</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the past decade, nanofluids have attracted much interest because of their reported superior thermal performance and many potential applications. However, there are many inconsistencies in reported experimental results of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22497308" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the past decade, nanofluids have attracted much interest because of their reported superior thermal performance and many potential applications. However, there are many inconsistencies in reported experimental results of the thermophysical properties such as the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids and controversies in the underlying enhanced mechanisms. In this paper, various aspects of nanofluids including synthesis, potential applications, experimental and analytical studies on the effective thermal conductivity, effective thermal diffusivity, convective heat transfer, and electrokinetic properties are critically reviewed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22497308" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a89bf1618c864d1975cc5dc731d1ae6f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43117111,"asset_id":22497308,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43117111/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43948878" href="https://lisboa.academia.edu/SohelMurshed">SMS Murshed</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43948878" type="text/json">{"id":43948878,"first_name":"SMS","last_name":"Murshed","domain_name":"lisboa","page_name":"SohelMurshed","display_name":"SMS Murshed","profile_url":"https://lisboa.academia.edu/SohelMurshed?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43948878/16406654/38876856/s65_sms.murshed.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22497308 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22497308"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22497308, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22497308", }); 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However, there are many inconsistencies in reported experimental results of the thermophysical properties such as the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids and controversies in the underlying enhanced mechanisms. In this paper, various aspects of nanofluids including synthesis, potential applications, experimental and analytical studies on the effective thermal conductivity, effective thermal diffusivity, convective heat transfer, and electrokinetic properties are critically reviewed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43117111,"asset_id":22497308,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43948878,"first_name":"SMS","last_name":"Murshed","domain_name":"lisboa","page_name":"SohelMurshed","display_name":"SMS Murshed","profile_url":"https://lisboa.academia.edu/SohelMurshed?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43948878/16406654/38876856/s65_sms.murshed.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":234014,"name":"Thermal Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Performance?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":352693,"name":"Thermophysical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermophysical_Properties?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":554780,"name":"Interdisciplinary Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Engineering?f_ri=134653"},{"id":641466,"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Thermal_Engineering?f_ri=134653"},{"id":661889,"name":"Convective Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Convective_Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653"},{"id":2050691,"name":"Effective thermal conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Effective_thermal_conductivity?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div 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el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22125524]'), work: {"id":22125524,"title":"Thermal conductivity of a volcanic rock material (olivine-melilitite) in the temperature range between 288 and 1470 K","created_at":"2016-02-18T01:24:47.762-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22125524/Thermal_conductivity_of_a_volcanic_rock_material_olivine_melilitite_in_the_temperature_range_between_288_and_1470_K?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_22125524","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42793383,"asset_id":22125524,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43452182,"first_name":"Bernd","last_name":"Zimanowski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BerndZimanowski","display_name":"Bernd Zimanowski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BerndZimanowski?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":407,"name":"Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geochemistry?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":409,"name":"Geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":1370,"name":"Volcanology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volcanology?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":201306,"name":"Heat Flux","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flux?f_ri=134653"},{"id":215075,"name":"Experimental Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study?f_ri=134653"},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":270366,"name":"Heat Conduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Conduction?f_ri=134653"},{"id":308594,"name":"Heat Capacity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Capacity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":688910,"name":"Volcanic Rock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volcanic_Rock?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1192000,"name":"Volcanic Eruption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volcanic_Eruption?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27043394" data-work_id="27043394" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27043394/Polypyrrole_polyethylene_glycol_conducting_polymer_composite_films_Preparation_and_characterization">Polypyrrole-polyethylene glycol conducting polymer composite films: Preparation and characterization</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Polypyrrole-poly ethylene glycol (Ppy-PEG) composites were synthesized by electrochemical method using ρ-toluene sulfonate as a dopant in aqueous medium. Polyethylene glycol was used as the insulating material in order to impart enhanced... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27043394" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Polypyrrole-poly ethylene glycol (Ppy-PEG) composites were synthesized by electrochemical method using ρ-toluene sulfonate as a dopant in aqueous medium. Polyethylene glycol was used as the insulating material in order to impart enhanced mechanical properties to the conducting polymer composite films. The composite films were synthesized with various percentages of PEG, and were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, conductivity measurement, optical microscopy (OP), X -ray diffraction (XRD) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The FT-IR result reveals the successful incorporation of PEG into the polypyrrole structure forming Ppy-PEG composite films. The conductivity of the composite films prepared from using 0.20% PEG was found to exhibit the highest conductivity (61.28 Scm -1 ) among all the prepared composite films measured at room temperature. The optical microscopy of Ppy-PEG shows the globular surface morphology. The XRD analysis of Ppy-PEG composite films shows that the composite films are amorphous. The enhanced mechanical properties of the Ppy-PEG composite films are the direct consequence of incorporating PEG in the polypyrrole structure.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27043394" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a8ee4454872878f39a1c5bfaba0c92d9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47298211,"asset_id":27043394,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47298211/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31859548" href="https://malaya.academia.edu/Mahmud">H. 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N.m Ekramul Mahmud","profile_url":"https://malaya.academia.edu/Mahmud?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31859548/18650309/68763727/s65_h._n.m_ekramul.mahmud.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27043394 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27043394"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27043394, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27043394", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27043394 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27043394; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27043394"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27043394 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27043394"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27043394; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27043394]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27043394").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27043394").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27043394"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="505" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics">Condensed Matter Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="505" type="text/json">{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7871" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy">FTIR spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7871" type="text/json">{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10866" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology">Morphology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10866" type="text/json">{"id":10866,"name":"Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27043394]'), work: {"id":27043394,"title":"Polypyrrole-polyethylene glycol conducting polymer composite films: Preparation and characterization","created_at":"2016-07-17T07:55:01.466-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27043394/Polypyrrole_polyethylene_glycol_conducting_polymer_composite_films_Preparation_and_characterization?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_27043394","summary":"Polypyrrole-poly ethylene glycol (Ppy-PEG) composites were synthesized by electrochemical method using ρ-toluene sulfonate as a dopant in aqueous medium. Polyethylene glycol was used as the insulating material in order to impart enhanced mechanical properties to the conducting polymer composite films. The composite films were synthesized with various percentages of PEG, and were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, conductivity measurement, optical microscopy (OP), X -ray diffraction (XRD) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The FT-IR result reveals the successful incorporation of PEG into the polypyrrole structure forming Ppy-PEG composite films. The conductivity of the composite films prepared from using 0.20% PEG was found to exhibit the highest conductivity (61.28 Scm -1 ) among all the prepared composite films measured at room temperature. The optical microscopy of Ppy-PEG shows the globular surface morphology. The XRD analysis of Ppy-PEG composite films shows that the composite films are amorphous. The enhanced mechanical properties of the Ppy-PEG composite films are the direct consequence of incorporating PEG in the polypyrrole structure.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47298211,"asset_id":27043394,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31859548,"first_name":"H. N.m Ekramul","last_name":"Mahmud","domain_name":"malaya","page_name":"Mahmud","display_name":"H. N.m Ekramul Mahmud","profile_url":"https://malaya.academia.edu/Mahmud?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31859548/18650309/68763727/s65_h._n.m_ekramul.mahmud.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":10866,"name":"Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":15599,"name":"Conducting Polymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conducting_Polymers?f_ri=134653"},{"id":85458,"name":"Conducting Polymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conducting_Polymer?f_ri=134653"},{"id":107625,"name":"Optical microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_microscopy?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":186264,"name":"Surface Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Morphology?f_ri=134653"},{"id":349105,"name":"Polyethylene Glycol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyethylene_Glycol?f_ri=134653"},{"id":386527,"name":"X ray diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_diffraction?f_ri=134653"},{"id":390049,"name":"Electrical Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1202042,"name":"Electric Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electric_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1248729,"name":"Electrochemical method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrochemical_method?f_ri=134653"},{"id":2243423,"name":"Fourier transform infrared","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fourier_transform_infrared?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10733769" data-work_id="10733769" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10733769/Thermal_conductivity_and_thermal_diffusivity_of_papaya_Carica_papaya_L_and_cashew_apple_Anacardium_occidentale_L_Condutividade_e_difusividade_t%C3%A9rmica_do_mam%C3%A3o_Carica_papaya_L_e_do_caju_Anacardium_occidentale_L_">Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of papaya (Carica papaya L.) and cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale L.) Condutividade e difusividade térmica do mamão (Carica papaya L.) e do caju (Anacardium occidentale L.)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Autores | Authors</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10733769" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="794175bf4ca9ff81f2aa2ad9d554a8d1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36610788,"asset_id":10733769,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36610788/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26167096" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LouiseKurozawa">Louise Kurozawa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26167096" type="text/json">{"id":26167096,"first_name":"Louise","last_name":"Kurozawa","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LouiseKurozawa","display_name":"Louise Kurozawa","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LouiseKurozawa?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10733769 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10733769"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10733769, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10733769", }); 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Condutividade e difusividade térmica do mamão (Carica papaya L.) e do caju (Anacardium occidentale L.)","created_at":"2015-02-12T05:16:53.407-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10733769/Thermal_conductivity_and_thermal_diffusivity_of_papaya_Carica_papaya_L_and_cashew_apple_Anacardium_occidentale_L_Condutividade_e_difusividade_t%C3%A9rmica_do_mam%C3%A3o_Carica_papaya_L_e_do_caju_Anacardium_occidentale_L_?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_10733769","summary":"Autores | Authors","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36610788,"asset_id":10733769,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26167096,"first_name":"Louise","last_name":"Kurozawa","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LouiseKurozawa","display_name":"Louise Kurozawa","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LouiseKurozawa?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":408,"name":"Geomorphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geomorphology?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8950,"name":"Nanoparticle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoparticle?f_ri=134653"},{"id":17733,"name":"Nanotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotechnology?f_ri=134653"},{"id":80799,"name":"Classical Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Physics?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":168694,"name":"Polyethylene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyethylene?f_ri=134653"},{"id":191117,"name":"High Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Temperature?f_ri=134653"},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":716669,"name":"Glass Fibre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Fibre?f_ri=134653"},{"id":827572,"name":"Specific Heat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat?f_ri=134653"},{"id":846269,"name":"Thermophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermophysics?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9135750" data-work_id="9135750" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9135750/Model_for_Early_Age_Rate_of_Evaporation_of_Cement_Based_Materials">Model for Early-Age Rate of Evaporation of Cement-Based Materials</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Early-age cracking affects the structural integrity of concrete structures and, if not inhibited, would lead to a reduction in service life. Plastic cracks are observed in the first few hours after placing the concrete, a time period well... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9135750" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Early-age cracking affects the structural integrity of concrete structures and, if not inhibited, would lead to a reduction in service life. Plastic cracks are observed in the first few hours after placing the concrete, a time period well within the initial stages when the drying process is controlled by the rate of evaporation of concrete surfaces, which is roughly constant and similar to the rate of evaporation from water surfaces. In the absence of a theoretical method, this rate is commonly estimated using a nomograph based on Dalton's law. In this paper, a fluid mechanicsebased approach for water evaporation based on the boundary-layer theory, mass transfer, diffusion, and convection is described. A parametric study is conducted on the effect of boundary-layer temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and evaporation characteristic length on the calculated evaporation rates. Predicted evaporation rates are verified by recent experiments. Results show that given appropriate environmental parameters, evaporation rates can be predicted with a good degree of accuracy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9135750" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="69da0ccbe908d3babb6912a7e8d621fe" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35424925,"asset_id":9135750,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35424925/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20816439" href="https://aecom.academia.edu/MehdiBakhshi">Mehdi Bakhshi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20816439" type="text/json">{"id":20816439,"first_name":"Mehdi","last_name":"Bakhshi","domain_name":"aecom","page_name":"MehdiBakhshi","display_name":"Mehdi Bakhshi","profile_url":"https://aecom.academia.edu/MehdiBakhshi?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20816439/5763115/6551081/s65_mehdi.bakhshi.jpg_oh_7604878720f1482721602f8e4860410b_oe_54e69d9d___gda___1423770388_730020876b09f2452a54d8ee03848892"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9135750 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9135750"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9135750, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9135750", }); 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Plastic cracks are observed in the first few hours after placing the concrete, a time period well within the initial stages when the drying process is controlled by the rate of evaporation of concrete surfaces, which is roughly constant and similar to the rate of evaporation from water surfaces. In the absence of a theoretical method, this rate is commonly estimated using a nomograph based on Dalton's law. In this paper, a fluid mechanicsebased approach for water evaporation based on the boundary-layer theory, mass transfer, diffusion, and convection is described. A parametric study is conducted on the effect of boundary-layer temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and evaporation characteristic length on the calculated evaporation rates. Predicted evaporation rates are verified by recent experiments. Results show that given appropriate environmental parameters, evaporation rates can be predicted with a good degree of accuracy.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35424925,"asset_id":9135750,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20816439,"first_name":"Mehdi","last_name":"Bakhshi","domain_name":"aecom","page_name":"MehdiBakhshi","display_name":"Mehdi Bakhshi","profile_url":"https://aecom.academia.edu/MehdiBakhshi?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20816439/5763115/6551081/s65_mehdi.bakhshi.jpg_oh_7604878720f1482721602f8e4860410b_oe_54e69d9d___gda___1423770388_730020876b09f2452a54d8ee03848892"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":1327,"name":"Convection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Convection?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":2024,"name":"Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":13268,"name":"Evaporation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evaporation?f_ri=134653"},{"id":120210,"name":"Cement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cement?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":472309,"name":"Advanced cement-based materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advanced_cement-based_materials?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38626105 coauthored" data-work_id="38626105" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38626105/Thermal_Conductivity_and_Diffusivity_of_Polymers">Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity of Polymers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Thermal Conductivity and diffusivity were measured using two associated dynamic methods; the transient plane source (TPS), and the dynamic plane source (DPS). One of the advantages with these techniques is the possibility to extract all... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38626105" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Thermal Conductivity and diffusivity were measured using two associated dynamic methods; the transient plane source (TPS), and the dynamic plane source (DPS). One of the advantages with these techniques is the possibility to extract all thermos-physical parameters, the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat from one single transient recording. These two methods use a probe that is technically a “resistive element”, as the heat source and temperature sensor. A description of the main features and the principles on which these methods are based will be emphasized. The thermal conductivity and diffusivity of composite polymer materials such as polystyrene and polymethlmethacrylate are reported. With emphasis on the thermal properties of such materials, a variety of implementation and classification regarding heat conduction will be discussed. A note on the difficulties of measurements of composite materials involve nanoparticle suspensions will be highlighted.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38626105" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9cc4eb75db1ee558fcf58e6370482ba2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58703426,"asset_id":38626105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58703426/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="99399330" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MadridgeJournals">Madridge Journals</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="99399330" type="text/json">{"id":99399330,"first_name":"Madridge","last_name":"Journals","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MadridgeJournals","display_name":"Madridge Journals","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MadridgeJournals?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/99399330/32432596/29327370/s65_madridge.journals.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-38626105">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-38626105"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://sharjah.academia.edu/BashirSuleiman">Bashir Suleiman</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-38626105'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-38626105').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38626105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38626105"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38626105, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38626105", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38626105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38626105; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38626105"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38626105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38626105"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38626105; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38626105]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38626105").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38626105").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38626105"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4496" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composites">Composites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4496" type="text/json">{"id":4496,"name":"Composites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composites?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21466" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymers">Polymers</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21466" type="text/json">{"id":21466,"name":"Polymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymers?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="246758" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity">Thermal Conductivity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="246758" type="text/json">{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38626105]'), work: {"id":38626105,"title":"Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity of Polymers","created_at":"2019-03-25T06:27:19.346-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38626105/Thermal_Conductivity_and_Diffusivity_of_Polymers?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_38626105","summary":"Thermal Conductivity and diffusivity were measured using two associated dynamic methods; the transient plane source (TPS), and the dynamic plane source (DPS). One of the advantages with these techniques is the possibility to extract all thermos-physical parameters, the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat from one single transient recording. These two methods use a probe that is technically a “resistive element”, as the heat source and temperature sensor. A description of the main features and the principles on which these methods are based will be emphasized. The thermal conductivity and diffusivity of composite polymer materials such as polystyrene and polymethlmethacrylate are reported. With emphasis on the thermal properties of such materials, a variety of implementation and classification regarding heat conduction will be discussed. A note on the difficulties of measurements of composite materials involve nanoparticle suspensions will be highlighted.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58703426,"asset_id":38626105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":99399330,"first_name":"Madridge","last_name":"Journals","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MadridgeJournals","display_name":"Madridge Journals","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MadridgeJournals?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/99399330/32432596/29327370/s65_madridge.journals.png"},{"id":10903140,"first_name":"Bashir","last_name":"Suleiman","domain_name":"sharjah","page_name":"BashirSuleiman","display_name":"Bashir Suleiman","profile_url":"https://sharjah.academia.edu/BashirSuleiman?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4496,"name":"Composites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composites?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":21466,"name":"Polymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymers?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":477878,"name":"Nanoparticle suspensions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoparticle_suspensions?f_ri=134653"},{"id":3193764,"name":"Dynamic Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dynamic_Methods?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_57787812" data-work_id="57787812" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/57787812/Measurements_of_Building_Materials_by_Transient_Methods">Measurements of Building Materials by Transient Methods</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper studies three contact transient methods for the measurements of the thermophysical properties of porous building materials - autoclaved aerated concrete and calcium silicate boards reinforced by cellulose fibers. The methods... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_57787812" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper studies three contact transient methods for the measurements of the thermophysical properties of porous building materials - autoclaved aerated concrete and calcium silicate boards reinforced by cellulose fibers. The methods used were the pulse transient, transient plane source and the hot strip method. These methods measure three thermophysical parameters - thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat - in one single measurement. Data from these methods are analyzed and compared with results obtained by classical methods.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/57787812" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="84d8816ba1c49ffe5d2b0f1e4aefd62b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72516438,"asset_id":57787812,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72516438/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16707043" href="https://sav-sk.academia.edu/VBohac">Vlastimil Bohac</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16707043" type="text/json">{"id":16707043,"first_name":"Vlastimil","last_name":"Bohac","domain_name":"sav-sk","page_name":"VBohac","display_name":"Vlastimil Bohac","profile_url":"https://sav-sk.academia.edu/VBohac?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_57787812 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="57787812"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 57787812, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_57787812", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_57787812 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57787812; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_57787812"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_57787812 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="57787812"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57787812; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=57787812]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_57787812").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_57787812").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="57787812"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33944" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autoclaved_Aerated_Concrete">Autoclaved Aerated Concrete</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33944" type="text/json">{"id":33944,"name":"Autoclaved Aerated Concrete","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autoclaved_Aerated_Concrete?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="352693" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermophysical_Properties">Thermophysical Properties</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="352693" type="text/json">{"id":352693,"name":"Thermophysical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermophysical_Properties?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="827572" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat">Specific Heat</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="827572" type="text/json">{"id":827572,"name":"Specific Heat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=57787812]'), work: {"id":57787812,"title":"Measurements of Building Materials by Transient Methods","created_at":"2021-10-14T05:20:05.572-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/57787812/Measurements_of_Building_Materials_by_Transient_Methods?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_57787812","summary":"This paper studies three contact transient methods for the measurements of the thermophysical properties of porous building materials - autoclaved aerated concrete and calcium silicate boards reinforced by cellulose fibers. The methods used were the pulse transient, transient plane source and the hot strip method. These methods measure three thermophysical parameters - thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat - in one single measurement. Data from these methods are analyzed and compared with results obtained by classical methods.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72516438,"asset_id":57787812,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16707043,"first_name":"Vlastimil","last_name":"Bohac","domain_name":"sav-sk","page_name":"VBohac","display_name":"Vlastimil Bohac","profile_url":"https://sav-sk.academia.edu/VBohac?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":33944,"name":"Autoclaved Aerated Concrete","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autoclaved_Aerated_Concrete?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":352693,"name":"Thermophysical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermophysical_Properties?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":827572,"name":"Specific Heat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5418031" data-work_id="5418031" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5418031/THE_MODELING_OF_SOIL_TEMPERATURE_WITH_DEPTH">THE MODELING OF SOIL TEMPERATURE WITH DEPTH</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The work comprises a model to determine the temperature of the soil for predefined depths under the ground surface at any day of the year. The model suggested here is sinusoidal curve of temperature versus day number of the year. For a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5418031" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The work comprises a model to determine the temperature of the soil for predefined depths under the ground surface at any day of the year. The model suggested here is sinusoidal curve of temperature versus day number of the year. For a given depth, temperature could be determined in any given day of the year. The chi-square test was done to compare the observed and calculated data, and the result was found to be highly reliable. Transient heat flow principle was used and certain assumptions were made for example: the heat flow in soil was one-dimensional and thermal diffusivity was taken as constant. The curve was fitted for the depths 5 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, and 50 cm. The average annual absolute difference between observed and estimated values varied from 1.367 to 1.921 for these depths. This model can be successfully applied to find the temperature of the soil under the ground at any day of the year, given that thermal diffusivity remains constant and average climatic conditions do not vary drastically throughout the year.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5418031" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a58b8a9746140837e391a7c90e832bb5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32549157,"asset_id":5418031,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32549157/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7571262" href="https://tribhuvan.academia.edu/BhishanPoudel">Bhishan Poudel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7571262" type="text/json">{"id":7571262,"first_name":"Bhishan","last_name":"Poudel","domain_name":"tribhuvan","page_name":"BhishanPoudel","display_name":"Bhishan Poudel","profile_url":"https://tribhuvan.academia.edu/BhishanPoudel?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7571262/2740961/3193267/s65_bhishan_poudel.poudel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5418031 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5418031"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5418031, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5418031", }); 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The model suggested here is sinusoidal curve of temperature versus day number of the year. For a given depth, temperature could be determined in any given day of the year. The chi-square test was done to compare the observed and calculated data, and the result was found to be highly reliable. Transient heat flow principle was used and certain assumptions were made for example: the heat flow in soil was one-dimensional and thermal diffusivity was taken as constant. The curve was fitted for the depths 5 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, and 50 cm. The average annual absolute difference between observed and estimated values varied from 1.367 to 1.921 for these depths. This model can be successfully applied to find the temperature of the soil under the ground at any day of the year, given that thermal diffusivity remains constant and average climatic conditions do not vary drastically throughout the year.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32549157,"asset_id":5418031,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7571262,"first_name":"Bhishan","last_name":"Poudel","domain_name":"tribhuvan","page_name":"BhishanPoudel","display_name":"Bhishan Poudel","profile_url":"https://tribhuvan.academia.edu/BhishanPoudel?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7571262/2740961/3193267/s65_bhishan_poudel.poudel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":421,"name":"Soil Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Science?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":1512,"name":"Climate Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":3754,"name":"Climatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climatology?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":278441,"name":"Soil Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Temperature?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31331731 coauthored" data-work_id="31331731" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31331731/Thermal_Properties_of_Lithium_Ion_Battery_and_Components">Thermal Properties of Lithium-Ion Battery and Components</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31331731" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="45d980bb78d01a181f6f012b14d5d8c5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51718717,"asset_id":31331731,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51718717/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="231056635" href="https://iit.academia.edu/JRobertSelman">J. 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Their simple and accurate heat-pulse TE Ochsner and R. Horton, Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., method permits rapid nondestructive determination of ... phases. Texture Organic Particle Measured Soil Sand Silt Clay... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24186739" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">... mal properties. Their simple and accurate heat-pulse TE Ochsner and R. Horton, Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., method permits rapid nondestructive determination of ... phases. Texture Organic Particle Measured Soil Sand Silt Clay matter density properties Approx. ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24186739" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="457b740b681624985470c97a569d2869" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50175386,"asset_id":24186739,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50175386/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="46622042" href="https://cau-cn.academia.edu/TushengRen">Tusheng Ren</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="46622042" type="text/json">{"id":46622042,"first_name":"Tusheng","last_name":"Ren","domain_name":"cau-cn","page_name":"TushengRen","display_name":"Tusheng Ren","profile_url":"https://cau-cn.academia.edu/TushengRen?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24186739 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24186739"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24186739, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24186739", }); 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Their simple and accurate heat-pulse TE Ochsner and R. Horton, Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., method permits rapid nondestructive determination of ... phases. Texture Organic Particle Measured Soil Sand Silt Clay matter density properties Approx. ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50175386,"asset_id":24186739,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":46622042,"first_name":"Tusheng","last_name":"Ren","domain_name":"cau-cn","page_name":"TushengRen","display_name":"Tusheng Ren","profile_url":"https://cau-cn.academia.edu/TushengRen?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":421,"name":"Soil Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Science?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":9138,"name":"Applied Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Physics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":143335,"name":"Volume","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volume?f_ri=134653"},{"id":156319,"name":"Soils","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soils?f_ri=134653"},{"id":169070,"name":"Sol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sol?f_ri=134653"},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":291387,"name":"Mathematical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Model?f_ri=134653"},{"id":308594,"name":"Heat Capacity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Capacity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1032175,"name":"Bulk Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bulk_Density?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1222799,"name":"Soil Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Water?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1228946,"name":"Physical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":2295024,"name":"Volume Fraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volume_Fraction?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67685993" data-work_id="67685993" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67685993/Mechanical_and_thermal_properties_of_zinc_powder_filled_high_density_polyethylene_composites">Mechanical and thermal properties of zinc powder filled high density polyethylene composites</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">HDPE/zinc powder composites have been characterised from the point of view of mechanical and thermal properties. Results are presented for zinc powder contents varying between 0 and 20% by volume. Generally, the composites present poorer... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67685993" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">HDPE/zinc powder composites have been characterised from the point of view of mechanical and thermal properties. Results are presented for zinc powder contents varying between 0 and 20% by volume. Generally, the composites present poorer mechanical properties as ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67685993" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="be5679af808743f93cb83d7fd09e34e1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78417279,"asset_id":67685993,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78417279/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41758647" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MihaiRusu6">Mihai Rusu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41758647" type="text/json">{"id":41758647,"first_name":"Mihai","last_name":"Rusu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MihaiRusu6","display_name":"Mihai Rusu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MihaiRusu6?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41758647/42395700/34033455/s65_mihai.rusu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67685993 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67685993"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67685993, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67685993", }); 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Results are presented for zinc powder contents varying between 0 and 20% by volume. Generally, the composites present poorer mechanical properties as ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78417279,"asset_id":67685993,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41758647,"first_name":"Mihai","last_name":"Rusu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MihaiRusu6","display_name":"Mihai Rusu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MihaiRusu6?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41758647/42395700/34033455/s65_mihai.rusu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":57855,"name":"Physical and Mechanical Properties of Polymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_and_Mechanical_Properties_of_Polymers?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":91045,"name":"Polymer Composites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Composites?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":158165,"name":"Zinc","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zinc?f_ri=134653"},{"id":168694,"name":"Polyethylene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyethylene?f_ri=134653"},{"id":181332,"name":"Composite Materials with the Approach of Powder Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composite_Materials_with_the_Approach_of_Powder_Metallurgy?f_ri=134653"},{"id":389180,"name":"Thermal Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Stability?f_ri=134653"},{"id":686819,"name":"High Density Polyethylene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Density_Polyethylene?f_ri=134653"},{"id":742212,"name":"Polymer Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Testing?f_ri=134653"},{"id":827572,"name":"Specific Heat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":892890,"name":"Point of View","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Point_of_View?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1154248,"name":"Theoretical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Model?f_ri=134653"},{"id":2724508,"name":"Mechanical Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Property?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20221508" data-work_id="20221508" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20221508/Thermal_Diffusivity_Measurements_by_Photothermal_and_Thermographic_Techniques">Thermal Diffusivity Measurements by Photothermal and Thermographic Techniques</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this work, fruit of the collaboration between two laboratories, we present different techniques to measure thermal diffusivity. At first a brief description of every technique both in the experimental layout and in the processing... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20221508" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this work, fruit of the collaboration between two laboratories, we present different techniques to measure thermal diffusivity. At first a brief description of every technique both in the experimental layout and in the processing algorithms is given. After that, results obtained on samples cut from the same block of stainless steel AISI 304, are reported. Uncertainties evaluation of any measurement is reported together with a discussion on the pros and cons of the related technique.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20221508" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="95b80fe64c6f42072e5d9701ced7c079" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41237399,"asset_id":20221508,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41237399/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41415762" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SergioMarinetti">Sergio Marinetti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41415762" type="text/json">{"id":41415762,"first_name":"Sergio","last_name":"Marinetti","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SergioMarinetti","display_name":"Sergio Marinetti","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SergioMarinetti?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20221508 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20221508"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20221508, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20221508", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20221508 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20221508; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_20221508"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_20221508 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20221508"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20221508; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20221508]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20221508").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20221508").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20221508"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80799" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Physics">Classical Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80799" type="text/json">{"id":80799,"name":"Classical Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Physics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128789" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stainless_Steel">Stainless Steel</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128789" type="text/json">{"id":128789,"name":"Stainless Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stainless_Steel?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="581652" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Processing">Data Processing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="581652" type="text/json">{"id":581652,"name":"Data Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Processing?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20221508]'), work: {"id":20221508,"title":"Thermal Diffusivity Measurements by Photothermal and Thermographic Techniques","created_at":"2016-01-13T07:41:36.529-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20221508/Thermal_Diffusivity_Measurements_by_Photothermal_and_Thermographic_Techniques?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_20221508","summary":"In this work, fruit of the collaboration between two laboratories, we present different techniques to measure thermal diffusivity. At first a brief description of every technique both in the experimental layout and in the processing algorithms is given. After that, results obtained on samples cut from the same block of stainless steel AISI 304, are reported. Uncertainties evaluation of any measurement is reported together with a discussion on the pros and cons of the related technique.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41237399,"asset_id":20221508,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41415762,"first_name":"Sergio","last_name":"Marinetti","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SergioMarinetti","display_name":"Sergio Marinetti","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SergioMarinetti?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":80799,"name":"Classical Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Physics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":128789,"name":"Stainless Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stainless_Steel?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":581652,"name":"Data Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Processing?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":846269,"name":"Thermophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermophysics?f_ri=134653"},{"id":892890,"name":"Point of View","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Point_of_View?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11115065" data-work_id="11115065" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11115065/CONSIDERATION_OF_HOT_MIX_ASPHALT_THERMAL_PROPERTIES_DURING_COMPACTION">CONSIDERATION OF HOT-MIX ASPHALT THERMAL PROPERTIES DURING COMPACTION</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A computer program was developed at the University of Minnesota to predict asphalt concrete cooling times for road construction during adverse weather conditions. Cooling models require extensive experimental data on the thermal... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11115065" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A computer program was developed at the University of Minnesota to predict asphalt concrete cooling times for road construction during adverse weather conditions. Cooling models require extensive experimental data on the thermal properties of hot-mix paving materials. A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine which thermal properties affect pavement cooling times significantly. The results indicated that more information on asphalt thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity is required. Two suitable test methods for determining these properties at typical paving temperatures and densities were developed, and preliminary results for dense-graded and stone-matrix asphalt (SMA) mixes agreed well with values reported in the literature.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11115065" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cea4a9ee0785e1fe75399a33bda372c5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36783873,"asset_id":11115065,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36783873/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26851251" href="https://umn.academia.edu/BruceTanquist">Bruce Tanquist</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26851251" type="text/json">{"id":26851251,"first_name":"Bruce","last_name":"Tanquist","domain_name":"umn","page_name":"BruceTanquist","display_name":"Bruce Tanquist","profile_url":"https://umn.academia.edu/BruceTanquist?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26851251/10067042/11230797/s65_bruce.tanquist.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11115065 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11115065"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11115065, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11115065", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11115065 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11115065; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11115065"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11115065 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11115065"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11115065; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11115065]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11115065").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11115065").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11115065"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8067" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer">Heat Transfer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8067" type="text/json">{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="246758" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity">Thermal Conductivity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="246758" type="text/json">{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11115065]'), work: {"id":11115065,"title":"CONSIDERATION OF HOT-MIX ASPHALT THERMAL PROPERTIES DURING COMPACTION","created_at":"2015-02-26T08:50:15.553-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11115065/CONSIDERATION_OF_HOT_MIX_ASPHALT_THERMAL_PROPERTIES_DURING_COMPACTION?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_11115065","summary":"A computer program was developed at the University of Minnesota to predict asphalt concrete cooling times for road construction during adverse weather conditions. Cooling models require extensive experimental data on the thermal properties of hot-mix paving materials. A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine which thermal properties affect pavement cooling times significantly. The results indicated that more information on asphalt thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity is required. Two suitable test methods for determining these properties at typical paving temperatures and densities were developed, and preliminary results for dense-graded and stone-matrix asphalt (SMA) mixes agreed well with values reported in the literature.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36783873,"asset_id":11115065,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26851251,"first_name":"Bruce","last_name":"Tanquist","domain_name":"umn","page_name":"BruceTanquist","display_name":"Bruce Tanquist","profile_url":"https://umn.academia.edu/BruceTanquist?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26851251/10067042/11230797/s65_bruce.tanquist.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":452692,"name":"Finite Difference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Difference?f_ri=134653"},{"id":859447,"name":"Concrete and Hot Mix Asphalt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Concrete_and_Hot_Mix_Asphalt?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25962187" data-work_id="25962187" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25962187/Thermal_Diffusivity_Determination_of_Pizza_and_Puff_Pastry_Doughs_at_Freezing_Temperatures">Thermal Diffusivity Determination of Pizza and Puff Pastry Doughs at Freezing Temperatures</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The thermal diffusivity of pizza and puff pastry doughs was measured in the temperature range from -35 to +15C by using time-temperature history method. Experimental data of thermal diffusivity were mathematically interpreted as a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25962187" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The thermal diffusivity of pizza and puff pastry doughs was measured in the temperature range from -35 to +15C by using time-temperature history method. Experimental data of thermal diffusivity were mathematically interpreted as a function of temperature by regression analysis in the frozen and unfrozen states. The thermal diffusivity of the frozen pizza and puff pastry doughs was greater than the unfrozen samples and decreased with temperature in the frozen state. Experimental values were compared to the prediction model and with previously documented values. A close agreement was found between the thermal diffusivity values determined experimentally and the values available in published literature.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25962187" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bda76edef1a7061e8d7a8ee493bb72e4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46313936,"asset_id":25962187,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46313936/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49765915" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SebnemTavman">Sebnem Tavman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49765915" type="text/json">{"id":49765915,"first_name":"Sebnem","last_name":"Tavman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SebnemTavman","display_name":"Sebnem Tavman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SebnemTavman?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25962187 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25962187"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25962187, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25962187", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_25962187 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25962187; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_25962187"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_25962187 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="25962187"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25962187; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25962187]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25962187").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25962187").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25962187"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31630" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Processing">Food Processing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31630" type="text/json">{"id":31630,"name":"Food Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Processing?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133177" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature">Temperature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="133177" type="text/json">{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="573653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences">Food Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="573653" type="text/json">{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25962187]'), work: {"id":25962187,"title":"Thermal Diffusivity Determination of Pizza and Puff Pastry Doughs at Freezing Temperatures","created_at":"2016-06-07T09:07:37.576-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25962187/Thermal_Diffusivity_Determination_of_Pizza_and_Puff_Pastry_Doughs_at_Freezing_Temperatures?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_25962187","summary":"The thermal diffusivity of pizza and puff pastry doughs was measured in the temperature range from -35 to +15C by using time-temperature history method. Experimental data of thermal diffusivity were mathematically interpreted as a function of temperature by regression analysis in the frozen and unfrozen states. The thermal diffusivity of the frozen pizza and puff pastry doughs was greater than the unfrozen samples and decreased with temperature in the frozen state. Experimental values were compared to the prediction model and with previously documented values. A close agreement was found between the thermal diffusivity values determined experimentally and the values available in published literature.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46313936,"asset_id":25962187,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":49765915,"first_name":"Sebnem","last_name":"Tavman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SebnemTavman","display_name":"Sebnem Tavman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SebnemTavman?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":31630,"name":"Food Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Processing?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":593593,"name":"Food Processing and Preservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Processing_and_Preservation?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1029221,"name":"Freezing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freezing?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20246150" data-work_id="20246150" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20246150/Determination_of_the_thermal_diffusivity_of_bread_as_a_function_of_porosity">Determination of the thermal diffusivity of bread as a function of porosity</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">): For the crumb: p=979-9.90 E For the crust: p=895 -9.0 E The thermal diffusivity CI (m"ls) follows an exponential trend as a function of porosity: For the crumb: a=exp (0.01 E -15.25) For the crust: a=exp (O*O062~ -1.5*30)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20246150" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f5d46bef07480047d07433c4ba507855" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41973590,"asset_id":20246150,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41973590/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41457259" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BZanoni">B. Zanoni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41457259" type="text/json">{"id":41457259,"first_name":"B.","last_name":"Zanoni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BZanoni","display_name":"B. 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Zanoni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BZanoni?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4468,"name":"Food Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":258979,"name":"Computer Program","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Program?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=134653"},{"id":898070,"name":"Experimental Measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Measurement?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58643109" data-work_id="58643109" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58643109/Study_of_Glow_Wire_Ignition_Temperature_GWIT_and_Comparative_Tracking_Index_CTI_performances_of_engineering_thermoplastics_and_correlation_with_material_properties">Study of Glow Wire Ignition Temperature (GWIT) and Comparative Tracking Index (CTI) performances of engineering thermoplastics and correlation with material properties</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Recent regulation IEC 60335-1 ed.4 (2008) was introduced for materials used in electric appliance, establishing new limits in Glow Wire Ignition Temperature (GWIT) performance for materials used for electric connectors. Development of new... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_58643109" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Recent regulation IEC 60335-1 ed.4 (2008) was introduced for materials used in electric appliance, establishing new limits in Glow Wire Ignition Temperature (GWIT) performance for materials used for electric connectors. Development of new products with high GWIT is possible, but the main issue is to keep good mechanical properties and processability, as well as tracking resistance (Comparative Tracking Index-CTI). Only a</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58643109" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b31254121fdc4c7dd68583bf6d130f4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72954251,"asset_id":58643109,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72954251/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9523656" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MaurizioFiorini">Maurizio Fiorini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9523656" type="text/json">{"id":9523656,"first_name":"Maurizio","last_name":"Fiorini","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaurizioFiorini","display_name":"Maurizio Fiorini","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MaurizioFiorini?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_58643109 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="58643109"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58643109, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_58643109", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58643109]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_58643109").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_58643109").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="58643109"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33661" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer">Heat and Mass Transfer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33661" type="text/json">{"id":33661,"name":"Heat and Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35816" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/POlymer_degradation_and_stability">POlymer degradation and stability</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35816" type="text/json">{"id":35816,"name":"POlymer degradation and stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/POlymer_degradation_and_stability?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=58643109]'), work: {"id":58643109,"title":"Study of Glow Wire Ignition Temperature (GWIT) and Comparative Tracking Index (CTI) performances of engineering thermoplastics and correlation with material properties","created_at":"2021-10-17T12:11:03.378-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/58643109/Study_of_Glow_Wire_Ignition_Temperature_GWIT_and_Comparative_Tracking_Index_CTI_performances_of_engineering_thermoplastics_and_correlation_with_material_properties?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_58643109","summary":"Recent regulation IEC 60335-1 ed.4 (2008) was introduced for materials used in electric appliance, establishing new limits in Glow Wire Ignition Temperature (GWIT) performance for materials used for electric connectors. Development of new products with high GWIT is possible, but the main issue is to keep good mechanical properties and processability, as well as tracking resistance (Comparative Tracking Index-CTI). Only a","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72954251,"asset_id":58643109,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9523656,"first_name":"Maurizio","last_name":"Fiorini","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaurizioFiorini","display_name":"Maurizio Fiorini","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MaurizioFiorini?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":33661,"name":"Heat and Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":35816,"name":"POlymer degradation and stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/POlymer_degradation_and_stability?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":169323,"name":"Composite Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composite_Material?f_ri=134653"},{"id":443788,"name":"Glass Fiber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Fiber?f_ri=134653"},{"id":716669,"name":"Glass Fibre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Fibre?f_ri=134653"},{"id":749302,"name":"Indexation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indexation?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":994779,"name":"Fire Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fire_Resistance?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1001094,"name":"Material Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1166524,"name":"New Products","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Products?f_ri=134653"},{"id":2724508,"name":"Mechanical Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Property?f_ri=134653"},{"id":3769759,"name":"Fire Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fire_Test?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4966599" data-work_id="4966599" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4966599/Uranium_zirconium_hydride_fuel_properties">Uranium–zirconium hydride fuel properties</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Properties of the two-phase hydride U 0.3 ZrH 1.6 pertinent to performance as a nuclear fuel for LWRs are reviewed. Much of the available data come from the Space Nuclear Auxiliary Power (SNAP) program of 4 decades ago and from the more... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4966599" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Properties of the two-phase hydride U 0.3 ZrH 1.6 pertinent to performance as a nuclear fuel for LWRs are reviewed. Much of the available data come from the Space Nuclear Auxiliary Power (SNAP) program of 4 decades ago and from the more restricted data base prepared for the TRIGA research reactors some 3 decades back. Transport, mechanical, thermal and chemical properties are summarized. A principal difference between oxide and hydride fuels is the high thermal conductivity of the latter. This feature greatly decreases the temperature drop over the fuel during operation, thereby reducing the release of fission gases to the fraction due only to recoil. However, very unusual early swelling due to void formation around the uranium particles has been observed in hydride fuels. Avoidance of this source of swelling limits the maximum fuel temperature to ∼650 • C (the design limit recommended by the fuel developer is 750 • C). To satisfy this temperature limitation, the fuel-cladding gap needs to be bonded with a liquid metal instead of helium. Because the former has a thermal conductivity ∼100 times larger than the latter, there is no restriction on gap thickness as there is in helium-bonded fuel rods. This opens the possibility of initial gap sizes large enough to significantly delay the onset of pellet-cladding mechanical interaction (PCMI). The large fission-product swelling rate of hydride fuel (3× that of oxide fuel) requires an initial radial fuel-cladding gap of ∼300 m if PCMI is to be avoided. The liquid-metal bond permits operation of the fuel at current LWR linear-heat-generation rates without exceeding any design constraint. The behavior of hydrogen in the fuel is the source of phenomena during operation that are absent in oxide fuels. Because of the large heat of transport (thermal diffusivity) of H in ZrH x , redistribution of hydrogen in the temperature gradient in the fuel pellet changes the initial H/Zr ratio of 1.6 to ∼1.45 at the center and ∼1.70 at the periphery. Because the density of the hydride decreases with increasing H/Zr ratio, the result of H redistribution is to subject the interior of the pellet to a tensile stress while the outside of the pellet is placed in compression. The resulting stress at the pellet periphery is sufficient to overcome the tensile stress due to thermal expansion in the temperature gradient and to prevent radial cracking that is a characteristic of oxide fuel. Several mechanisms for reduction of the H/Zr ratio during irradiation are identified. The first is transfer of impurity oxygen in the fuel from Zr to rare-earth oxide fission products. The second is the formation of metal hydrides by these same fission products. The third is by loss to the plenum as H 2 .</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4966599" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="41e9526e379da104d555e764f115cf02" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49509723,"asset_id":4966599,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49509723/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6550663" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PetrovicBojan">Bojan Petrovic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6550663" type="text/json">{"id":6550663,"first_name":"Bojan","last_name":"Petrovic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PetrovicBojan","display_name":"Bojan Petrovic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PetrovicBojan?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4966599 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4966599"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4966599, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4966599", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4966599 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4966599; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4966599"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4966599 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4966599"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4966599; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4966599]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4966599").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4966599").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4966599"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Engineering">Nuclear Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80" type="text/json">{"id":80,"name":"Nuclear Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY">THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134653" type="text/json">{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="246758" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity">Thermal Conductivity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="246758" type="text/json">{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="387495" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Gradient">Temperature Gradient</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="387495" type="text/json">{"id":387495,"name":"Temperature Gradient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Gradient?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4966599]'), work: {"id":4966599,"title":"Uranium–zirconium hydride fuel properties","created_at":"2013-11-02T04:36:45.950-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4966599/Uranium_zirconium_hydride_fuel_properties?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_4966599","summary":"Properties of the two-phase hydride U 0.3 ZrH 1.6 pertinent to performance as a nuclear fuel for LWRs are reviewed. Much of the available data come from the Space Nuclear Auxiliary Power (SNAP) program of 4 decades ago and from the more restricted data base prepared for the TRIGA research reactors some 3 decades back. Transport, mechanical, thermal and chemical properties are summarized. A principal difference between oxide and hydride fuels is the high thermal conductivity of the latter. This feature greatly decreases the temperature drop over the fuel during operation, thereby reducing the release of fission gases to the fraction due only to recoil. However, very unusual early swelling due to void formation around the uranium particles has been observed in hydride fuels. Avoidance of this source of swelling limits the maximum fuel temperature to ∼650 • C (the design limit recommended by the fuel developer is 750 • C). To satisfy this temperature limitation, the fuel-cladding gap needs to be bonded with a liquid metal instead of helium. Because the former has a thermal conductivity ∼100 times larger than the latter, there is no restriction on gap thickness as there is in helium-bonded fuel rods. This opens the possibility of initial gap sizes large enough to significantly delay the onset of pellet-cladding mechanical interaction (PCMI). The large fission-product swelling rate of hydride fuel (3× that of oxide fuel) requires an initial radial fuel-cladding gap of ∼300 m if PCMI is to be avoided. The liquid-metal bond permits operation of the fuel at current LWR linear-heat-generation rates without exceeding any design constraint. The behavior of hydrogen in the fuel is the source of phenomena during operation that are absent in oxide fuels. Because of the large heat of transport (thermal diffusivity) of H in ZrH x , redistribution of hydrogen in the temperature gradient in the fuel pellet changes the initial H/Zr ratio of 1.6 to ∼1.45 at the center and ∼1.70 at the periphery. Because the density of the hydride decreases with increasing H/Zr ratio, the result of H redistribution is to subject the interior of the pellet to a tensile stress while the outside of the pellet is placed in compression. The resulting stress at the pellet periphery is sufficient to overcome the tensile stress due to thermal expansion in the temperature gradient and to prevent radial cracking that is a characteristic of oxide fuel. Several mechanisms for reduction of the H/Zr ratio during irradiation are identified. The first is transfer of impurity oxygen in the fuel from Zr to rare-earth oxide fission products. The second is the formation of metal hydrides by these same fission products. The third is by loss to the plenum as H 2 .","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49509723,"asset_id":4966599,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6550663,"first_name":"Bojan","last_name":"Petrovic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PetrovicBojan","display_name":"Bojan Petrovic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PetrovicBojan?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":80,"name":"Nuclear Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":387495,"name":"Temperature Gradient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Gradient?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":395801,"name":"Rare Earth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rare_Earth?f_ri=134653"},{"id":554780,"name":"Interdisciplinary Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Engineering?f_ri=134653"},{"id":679783,"name":"Boolean Satisfiability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boolean_Satisfiability?f_ri=134653"},{"id":704293,"name":"Chemical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":758278,"name":"Large Scale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Scale?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1110308,"name":"Thermal Expansion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Expansion?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1319876" data-work_id="1319876" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1319876/Thermal_properties_of_soils_as_affected_by_density_and_water_content">Thermal properties of soils as affected by density and water content</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Thermal properties dictate the storage and movement of heat in soils and as such influence the temperature and heat flux in soils as a function of time and depth. The ability to monitor soil heat capacity is an important tool in managing... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1319876" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Thermal properties dictate the storage and movement of heat in soils and as such influence the temperature and heat flux in soils as a function of time and depth. The ability to monitor soil heat capacity is an important tool in managing the soil temperature regime to affect seed germination and crop growth. The effect of water content and bulk density on the specific heat, volumetric heat capacity, and thermal diffusivity of some sieved and repacked soils was investigated through laboratory studies. These laboratory experiments used the calorimetric method to determine specific heat of soils. The soils used were classified as sand and clay. For the type of soils studied, specific heat increased with increased moisture content. Also, volumetric heat capacity increased with increased moisture content and soil density. Volumetric heat capacity ranged from 1Á48 to 3Á54 MJ m À3 8C À1 for clay and from 1Á09 to 3Á04 MJ m À3 8C À1 for sand at moisture contents from 0 to 0Á25 (kg kg À1 ) and densities from 1200 to 1400 kg m À3 . Specific heat ranged from 1Á17 to 2Á25 kJ kg À1 8C À1 for clay and from 0Á83 to 1Á67 kJ kg À1 8C À1 for sand at moisture contents from 0Á02 to 0Á25 (kg kg À1 ) and soil density of 1300 kg m À3 . The volumetric heat capacity and specific heat of soils observed in this study under varying moisture content and soil density were compared with independent estimates made using derived theoretical relations. The differences between the observed and predicted results were very small. Clay soil generally had higher specific heat and volumetric heat capacity than sandy soil for the same moisture content and soil density. The results also show that thermal diffusivity vary with moisture content and soil texture. Sandy soil exhibited a thermal diffusivity peak at a definite moisture content range. Clay soil, however, did not exhibit a sharp thermal diffusivity peak.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1319876" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c2babe3cbcd679bd889094518824526c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45427109,"asset_id":1319876,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45427109/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="440448" href="https://kau.academia.edu/NidalAbuHamdeh">Nidal H Abu-Hamdeh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="440448" type="text/json">{"id":440448,"first_name":"Nidal","last_name":"Abu-Hamdeh","domain_name":"kau","page_name":"NidalAbuHamdeh","display_name":"Nidal H Abu-Hamdeh","profile_url":"https://kau.academia.edu/NidalAbuHamdeh?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/440448/141305/163804/s65_nidal.abu-hamdeh.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1319876 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1319876"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1319876, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1319876", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1319876]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1319876").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1319876").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1319876"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1131" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering">Biomedical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1131" type="text/json">{"id":1131,"name":"Biomedical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15608" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seed_germination">Seed germination</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15608" type="text/json">{"id":15608,"name":"Seed germination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seed_germination?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60762" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosystems_engineering">Biosystems engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60762" type="text/json">{"id":60762,"name":"Biosystems engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosystems_engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131994" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_experiment">Laboratory experiment</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="131994" type="text/json">{"id":131994,"name":"Laboratory experiment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_experiment?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1319876]'), work: {"id":1319876,"title":"Thermal properties of soils as affected by density and water content","created_at":"2012-01-31T04:21:48.616-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1319876/Thermal_properties_of_soils_as_affected_by_density_and_water_content?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_1319876","summary":"Thermal properties dictate the storage and movement of heat in soils and as such influence the temperature and heat flux in soils as a function of time and depth. The ability to monitor soil heat capacity is an important tool in managing the soil temperature regime to affect seed germination and crop growth. The effect of water content and bulk density on the specific heat, volumetric heat capacity, and thermal diffusivity of some sieved and repacked soils was investigated through laboratory studies. These laboratory experiments used the calorimetric method to determine specific heat of soils. The soils used were classified as sand and clay. For the type of soils studied, specific heat increased with increased moisture content. Also, volumetric heat capacity increased with increased moisture content and soil density. Volumetric heat capacity ranged from 1Á48 to 3Á54 MJ m À3 8C À1 for clay and from 1Á09 to 3Á04 MJ m À3 8C À1 for sand at moisture contents from 0 to 0Á25 (kg kg À1 ) and densities from 1200 to 1400 kg m À3 . Specific heat ranged from 1Á17 to 2Á25 kJ kg À1 8C À1 for clay and from 0Á83 to 1Á67 kJ kg À1 8C À1 for sand at moisture contents from 0Á02 to 0Á25 (kg kg À1 ) and soil density of 1300 kg m À3 . The volumetric heat capacity and specific heat of soils observed in this study under varying moisture content and soil density were compared with independent estimates made using derived theoretical relations. The differences between the observed and predicted results were very small. Clay soil generally had higher specific heat and volumetric heat capacity than sandy soil for the same moisture content and soil density. The results also show that thermal diffusivity vary with moisture content and soil texture. Sandy soil exhibited a thermal diffusivity peak at a definite moisture content range. Clay soil, however, did not exhibit a sharp thermal diffusivity peak.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45427109,"asset_id":1319876,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":45427108,"asset_id":1319876,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":45427107,"asset_id":1319876,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":440448,"first_name":"Nidal","last_name":"Abu-Hamdeh","domain_name":"kau","page_name":"NidalAbuHamdeh","display_name":"Nidal H Abu-Hamdeh","profile_url":"https://kau.academia.edu/NidalAbuHamdeh?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/440448/141305/163804/s65_nidal.abu-hamdeh.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1131,"name":"Biomedical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":15608,"name":"Seed germination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seed_germination?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":60762,"name":"Biosystems engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosystems_engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":131994,"name":"Laboratory experiment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_experiment?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":201306,"name":"Heat Flux","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flux?f_ri=134653"},{"id":235565,"name":"Sandy soil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sandy_soil?f_ri=134653"},{"id":278441,"name":"Soil Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Temperature?f_ri=134653"},{"id":308594,"name":"Heat Capacity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Capacity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":485667,"name":"Moisture Content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moisture_Content?f_ri=134653"},{"id":827572,"name":"Specific Heat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat?f_ri=134653"},{"id":845678,"name":"Water Content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Content?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1032175,"name":"Bulk Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bulk_Density?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1277641,"name":"Soil Texture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Texture?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5798165" data-work_id="5798165" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/5798165/FYSCONST_2_0_xls_Calculation_of_density_thermal_conductivity_specific_heat_and_thermal_diffusivity_of_unfrozen_and_partly_frozen_foods_based_on_their_composition_mass_protein_fat_carbohydrates_fiber_ash_water_ice_and_their_temperature">FYSCONST#2.0.xls: Calculation of density, thermal conductivity, specific heat, and thermal diffusivity of unfrozen and (partly) frozen foods, based on their composition (mass% protein-fat-carbohydrates-fiber-ash-water-ice), and their temperature</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Excel spreadsheet FYSCONST#2.0.xls calculates the physical food properties Density, Thermal Conductivity, Specific Heat, and Thermal Diffusivity, of an unfrozen or a (partly) frozen food. Required input: the food product composition in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5798165" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Excel spreadsheet FYSCONST#2.0.xls calculates the physical food properties Density, Thermal Conductivity, Specific Heat, and Thermal Diffusivity, of an unfrozen or a (partly) frozen food. <br />Required input: the food product composition in mass% of protein, mass% of fat, mass% of carbohydrates, mass% of fiber, mass% of ash, mass% of unfrozen water and mass% of ice; also the actual food temperature has to be supplied. <br />For (partly) frozen foods, a separate spreadsheet section calculates the mass% of both ice and unfrozen water, based on composition and initial freezing point, by applying the TCHIGEOV equation. For many foods, table 3 lists this initial freezing point, together with the mass% of the main food components. <br />All equations used in FYSCONST#2.0.xls, and their sources, are presented. <br />On validation, the physical food properties, calculated by FYSCONST#2.0.xls, were (almost) exactly equal to those of food products, reported by Ibarz & Barbosa-Cánovas (2005: 319-320), by R. Paul Singh in Heldman & Lund (1992: 253), and by ASHRAE (2006: 9-6). <br />6 extensively worked examples explain how to use both the spreadsheets FYSCONS#2.0.xls, and the  Tchigeov equation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5798165" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="85eaafa8e825225063cae3f751913dce" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32815293,"asset_id":5798165,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32815293/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5470642" rel="nofollow" href="https://hasdenbosch.academia.edu/JanwillemRouweler">Janwillem Rouweler</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5470642" type="text/json">{"id":5470642,"first_name":"Janwillem","last_name":"Rouweler","domain_name":"hasdenbosch","page_name":"JanwillemRouweler","display_name":"Janwillem Rouweler","profile_url":"https://hasdenbosch.academia.edu/JanwillemRouweler?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5470642/2401819/2795628/s65_janwillem.rouweler.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5798165 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5798165"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5798165, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5798165", }); 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also the actual food temperature has to be supplied. \r\nFor (partly) frozen foods, a separate spreadsheet section calculates the mass% of both ice and unfrozen water, based on composition and initial freezing point, by applying the TCHIGEOV equation. For many foods, table 3 lists this initial freezing point, together with the mass% of the main food components.\r\nAll equations used in FYSCONST#2.0.xls, and their sources, are presented.\r\nOn validation, the physical food properties, calculated by FYSCONST#2.0.xls, were (almost) exactly equal to those of food products, reported by Ibarz \u0026 Barbosa-Cánovas (2005: 319-320), by R. Paul Singh in Heldman \u0026 Lund (1992: 253), and by ASHRAE (2006: 9-6).\r\n6 extensively worked examples explain how to use both the spreadsheets FYSCONS#2.0.xls, and the Tchigeov equation.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32815293,"asset_id":5798165,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":37039903,"asset_id":5798165,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5470642,"first_name":"Janwillem","last_name":"Rouweler","domain_name":"hasdenbosch","page_name":"JanwillemRouweler","display_name":"Janwillem Rouweler","profile_url":"https://hasdenbosch.academia.edu/JanwillemRouweler?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5470642/2401819/2795628/s65_janwillem.rouweler.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1040,"name":"Food Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Science?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":4672,"name":"Open Source Software","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Open_Source_Software?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":16137,"name":"Food Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Chemistry?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":17726,"name":"Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Density?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":22710,"name":"Open Source for Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Open_Source_for_Education?f_ri=134653"},{"id":30617,"name":"Food Process Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Process_Engineering?f_ri=134653"},{"id":31630,"name":"Food Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Processing?f_ri=134653"},{"id":34478,"name":"Food Science and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Science_and_Technology?f_ri=134653"},{"id":39717,"name":"Food Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Technology?f_ri=134653"},{"id":48448,"name":"Food Process 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href="https://www.academia.edu/10220013/Simultaneous_measurement_of_thermal_diffusivity_and_optical_absorption_coefficient_using_photothermal_radiometry_I_Homogeneous_solids">Simultaneous measurement of thermal diffusivity and optical absorption coefficient using photothermal radiometry. I. Homogeneous solids</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper we propose a new procedure of simultaneous estimation of the effective infrared optical absorption coefficient and the thermal diffusivity of solid state samples using the photothermal infrared radiometry method in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10220013" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper we propose a new procedure of simultaneous estimation of the effective infrared optical absorption coefficient and the thermal diffusivity of solid state samples using the photothermal infrared radiometry method in the transmission configuration. The proposed procedure relies on the analysis of the frequency dependent signal obtained from the samples covered with thin aluminum foil. This method can be applied for both optically opaque and transparent samples. The proposed method is illustrated with the results of the thermal diffusivity and the effective IR absorption coefficient obtained for several Cd 1Àx Mg x Se crystals.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10220013" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="eeb9ee0d95a685bd33e4ebe428bc0e4a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47480153,"asset_id":10220013,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47480153/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24993128" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RaquelFuentes3">Raquel Fuentes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24993128" type="text/json">{"id":24993128,"first_name":"Raquel","last_name":"Fuentes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RaquelFuentes3","display_name":"Raquel Fuentes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RaquelFuentes3?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24993128/6772874/7648139/s65_raquel.fuentes.jpg_oh_434f10ea70bcc6d3d7496cdf2f2bd79c_oe_556e719f___gda___1432181282_8afc52498d0495b804916b586e887db9"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10220013 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10220013"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10220013, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10220013", }); 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class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25310494/A_photoacoustic_investigation_of_transport_properties_and_thermal_diffusivity_of_InSb_single_crystals">A photoacoustic investigation of transport properties and thermal diffusivity of InSb single crystals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Thermal and electronic transport properties of low-doped single crystal InSb were determined for the first time and analyzed using a photoacoustic frequency heat transmission technique. The thermal ciiffusivity, excess cartier lifetime,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25310494" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Thermal and electronic transport properties of low-doped single crystal InSb were determined for the first time and analyzed using a photoacoustic frequency heat transmission technique. The thermal ciiffusivity, excess cartier lifetime, front and rear side recombination velocity and electronic diffusivity were determined by comparing experimental results and theoretical photoacoustic signals.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25310494" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="311512fa402888ef0f3be026d23dfe9e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45608732,"asset_id":25310494,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45608732/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16589713" href="https://vinca.academia.edu/MiroslavDramicanin">Miroslav Dramicanin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16589713" type="text/json">{"id":16589713,"first_name":"Miroslav","last_name":"Dramicanin","domain_name":"vinca","page_name":"MiroslavDramicanin","display_name":"Miroslav Dramicanin","profile_url":"https://vinca.academia.edu/MiroslavDramicanin?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16589713/4545270/20964999/s65_miroslav.dramicanin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25310494 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25310494"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25310494, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25310494", }); 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The thermal ciiffusivity, excess cartier lifetime, front and rear side recombination velocity and electronic diffusivity were determined by comparing experimental results and theoretical photoacoustic signals.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45608732,"asset_id":25310494,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16589713,"first_name":"Miroslav","last_name":"Dramicanin","domain_name":"vinca","page_name":"MiroslavDramicanin","display_name":"Miroslav Dramicanin","profile_url":"https://vinca.academia.edu/MiroslavDramicanin?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16589713/4545270/20964999/s65_miroslav.dramicanin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1136,"name":"Microelectronics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microelectronics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":60653,"name":"Transport Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transport_Properties?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":186094,"name":"Electron Transport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Transport?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":394438,"name":"Single Crystal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Single_Crystal?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38954388" data-work_id="38954388" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38954388/A_review_and_analysis_on_influence_of_temperature_and_concentration_of_nanofluids">A review and analysis on influence of temperature and concentration of nanofluids</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Prandtl number, Reynolds number and Nusselt number are functions of thermophysical properties of nanofluids and these numbers strongly influence the convective heat transfer coefficient. The pressure loss and the required pumping... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38954388" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Prandtl number, Reynolds number and Nusselt number are functions of thermophysical properties of nanofluids and these numbers strongly influence the convective heat transfer coefficient. The pressure loss and the required pumping power for a given amount of heat transfer depend on the Reynolds number of flow. The thermophysical properties vary with temperature and volumetric concentration of nanofluids. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis has been performed to evaluate the effects on the performance of nanofluids due to variations of density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and viscosity, which are functions of nanoparticle volume concentration and temperature. Two metallic oxides, aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), copper oxide (CuO) and one nonmetallic oxide silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), dispersed in an ethylene glycol and water mixture (60:40 by weight) as the base fluid have been studied.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38954388" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a95b45bc3988548c5546f40c951f67e5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59057012,"asset_id":38954388,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59057012/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6661863" href="https://uaf.academia.edu/RavikanthVajjha">Ravikanth Vajjha</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6661863" type="text/json">{"id":6661863,"first_name":"Ravikanth","last_name":"Vajjha","domain_name":"uaf","page_name":"RavikanthVajjha","display_name":"Ravikanth Vajjha","profile_url":"https://uaf.academia.edu/RavikanthVajjha?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6661863/54704063/42858893/s65_ravikanth.vajjha.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38954388 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38954388"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38954388, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38954388", }); 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The pressure loss and the required pumping power for a given amount of heat transfer depend on the Reynolds number of flow. The thermophysical properties vary with temperature and volumetric concentration of nanofluids. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis has been performed to evaluate the effects on the performance of nanofluids due to variations of density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and viscosity, which are functions of nanoparticle volume concentration and temperature. Two metallic oxides, aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), copper oxide (CuO) and one nonmetallic oxide silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), dispersed in an ethylene glycol and water mixture (60:40 by weight) as the base fluid have been studied.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59057012,"asset_id":38954388,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6661863,"first_name":"Ravikanth","last_name":"Vajjha","domain_name":"uaf","page_name":"RavikanthVajjha","display_name":"Ravikanth Vajjha","profile_url":"https://uaf.academia.edu/RavikanthVajjha?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6661863/54704063/42858893/s65_ravikanth.vajjha.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":33661,"name":"Heat and Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":54391,"name":"Nanofluids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanofluids?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":661889,"name":"Convective Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Convective_Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653"},{"id":698667,"name":"Nusselt Number","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nusselt_Number?f_ri=134653"},{"id":715244,"name":"Prandtl Number","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prandtl_Number?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1008960,"name":"Reynolds Number","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reynolds_Number?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38954380" data-work_id="38954380" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38954380/A_review_and_analysis_on_influence_of_temperature_and_concentration_of_nanofluids_on_thermophysical_properties_heat_transfer_and_pumping_power">A review and analysis on influence of temperature and concentration of nanofluids on thermophysical properties, heat transfer and pumping power</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Prandtl number, Reynolds number and Nusselt number are functions of thermophysical properties of nanofluids and these numbers strongly influence the convective heat transfer coefficient. The pressure loss and the required pumping... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38954380" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Prandtl number, Reynolds number and Nusselt number are functions of thermophysical properties of nanofluids and these numbers strongly influence the convective heat transfer coefficient. The pressure loss and the required pumping power for a given amount of heat transfer depend on the Reynolds number of flow. The thermophysical properties vary with temperature and volumetric concentration of nanofluids. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis has been performed to evaluate the effects on the performance of nanofluids due to variations of density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and viscosity, which are functions of nanoparticle volume concentration and temperature. Two metallic oxides, aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), copper oxide (CuO) and one nonmetallic oxide silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), dispersed in an ethylene glycol and water mixture (60:40 by weight) as the base fluid have been studied.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38954380" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e88d809c9aa78272d324add8ee049ed1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59057017,"asset_id":38954380,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59057017/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6661863" href="https://uaf.academia.edu/RavikanthVajjha">Ravikanth Vajjha</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6661863" type="text/json">{"id":6661863,"first_name":"Ravikanth","last_name":"Vajjha","domain_name":"uaf","page_name":"RavikanthVajjha","display_name":"Ravikanth Vajjha","profile_url":"https://uaf.academia.edu/RavikanthVajjha?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6661863/54704063/42858893/s65_ravikanth.vajjha.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38954380 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38954380"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38954380, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38954380", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38954380]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38954380").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38954380").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38954380"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33661" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer">Heat and Mass Transfer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33661" type="text/json">{"id":33661,"name":"Heat and Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54391" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanofluids">Nanofluids</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="54391" type="text/json">{"id":54391,"name":"Nanofluids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanofluids?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38954380]'), work: {"id":38954380,"title":"A review and analysis on influence of temperature and concentration of nanofluids on thermophysical properties, heat transfer and pumping power","created_at":"2019-04-27T18:06:43.383-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38954380/A_review_and_analysis_on_influence_of_temperature_and_concentration_of_nanofluids_on_thermophysical_properties_heat_transfer_and_pumping_power?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_38954380","summary":"The Prandtl number, Reynolds number and Nusselt number are functions of thermophysical properties of nanofluids and these numbers strongly influence the convective heat transfer coefficient. The pressure loss and the required pumping power for a given amount of heat transfer depend on the Reynolds number of flow. The thermophysical properties vary with temperature and volumetric concentration of nanofluids. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis has been performed to evaluate the effects on the performance of nanofluids due to variations of density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and viscosity, which are functions of nanoparticle volume concentration and temperature. Two metallic oxides, aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), copper oxide (CuO) and one nonmetallic oxide silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), dispersed in an ethylene glycol and water mixture (60:40 by weight) as the base fluid have been studied.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59057017,"asset_id":38954380,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6661863,"first_name":"Ravikanth","last_name":"Vajjha","domain_name":"uaf","page_name":"RavikanthVajjha","display_name":"Ravikanth Vajjha","profile_url":"https://uaf.academia.edu/RavikanthVajjha?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6661863/54704063/42858893/s65_ravikanth.vajjha.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":33661,"name":"Heat and Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":54391,"name":"Nanofluids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanofluids?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":661889,"name":"Convective Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Convective_Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653"},{"id":698667,"name":"Nusselt Number","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nusselt_Number?f_ri=134653"},{"id":715244,"name":"Prandtl Number","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prandtl_Number?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1008960,"name":"Reynolds Number","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reynolds_Number?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4162286" data-work_id="4162286" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4162286/Effects_of_chemical_reaction_on_free_convective_flow_of_a_polar_fluid_through_a_porous_medium_in_the_presence_of_internal_heat_generation">Effects of chemical reaction on free convective flow of a polar fluid through a porous medium in the presence of internal heat generation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper is focused on the study of combined effects of free convective heat and mass transfer on the steady two-dimensional, laminar, polar fluid flow through a porous medium in the presence of internal heat generation and chemical... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4162286" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper is focused on the study of combined effects of free convective heat and mass transfer on the steady two-dimensional, laminar, polar fluid flow through a porous medium in the presence of internal heat generation and chemical reaction of the first order. The highly nonlinear coupled differential equations governing the boundary layer flow, heat and mass transfer are solved by using two-term perturbation method with Eckert number E as perturbation parameter. The parameters that arise in the perturbation analysis are Eckert number E (viscous dissipation), Prandtl number Pr (thermal diffusivity), Schmidt number Sc (mass diffusivity), Grashof number Gr (free convection), solutal Grashof number Gm, chemical reaction parameter Δ (rate constant), internal heat generation parameter Q, material parameters α and β (characterizes the polarity of the fluid), C f (skin friction coefficient), Nusselt number Nu (wall heat transfer coefficient) and Sherwood number Sh (wall mass transfer coefficient). Analytical expressions are computed numerically. Numerical results for the velocity, angular velocity, temperature and concentration profiles as well as for the skin friction coefficient, wall heat transfer and mass transfer rate are obtained and reported graphically for various conditions to show interesting aspects of the solution. Further, the velocity distribution of polar fluids is compared with the corresponding flow problems for a viscous (Newtonian) fluid and found that the polar fluid velocity is decreasing.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4162286" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0b9acbf231470ca07bf1e5e009fce9e5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50007408,"asset_id":4162286,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50007408/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5029287" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PavanPatil2">Pavan Patil</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5029287" type="text/json">{"id":5029287,"first_name":"Pavan","last_name":"Patil","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PavanPatil2","display_name":"Pavan Patil","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PavanPatil2?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5029287/2187226/2563755/s65_pavan.patil.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4162286 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4162286"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4162286, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4162286", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4162286]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4162286").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4162286").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4162286"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">23</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2024" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Transfer">Mass Transfer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2024" type="text/json">{"id":2024,"name":"Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3641" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aeronautical_Engineering">Aeronautical Engineering</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3641" type="text/json">{"id":3641,"name":"Aeronautical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aeronautical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4162286]'), work: {"id":4162286,"title":"Effects of chemical reaction on free convective flow of a polar fluid through a porous medium in the presence of internal heat generation","created_at":"2013-08-02T17:22:05.714-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4162286/Effects_of_chemical_reaction_on_free_convective_flow_of_a_polar_fluid_through_a_porous_medium_in_the_presence_of_internal_heat_generation?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_4162286","summary":"This paper is focused on the study of combined effects of free convective heat and mass transfer on the steady two-dimensional, laminar, polar fluid flow through a porous medium in the presence of internal heat generation and chemical reaction of the first order. The highly nonlinear coupled differential equations governing the boundary layer flow, heat and mass transfer are solved by using two-term perturbation method with Eckert number E as perturbation parameter. The parameters that arise in the perturbation analysis are Eckert number E (viscous dissipation), Prandtl number Pr (thermal diffusivity), Schmidt number Sc (mass diffusivity), Grashof number Gr (free convection), solutal Grashof number Gm, chemical reaction parameter Δ (rate constant), internal heat generation parameter Q, material parameters α and β (characterizes the polarity of the fluid), C f (skin friction coefficient), Nusselt number Nu (wall heat transfer coefficient) and Sherwood number Sh (wall mass transfer coefficient). Analytical expressions are computed numerically. Numerical results for the velocity, angular velocity, temperature and concentration profiles as well as for the skin friction coefficient, wall heat transfer and mass transfer rate are obtained and reported graphically for various conditions to show interesting aspects of the solution. Further, the velocity distribution of polar fluids is compared with the corresponding flow problems for a viscous (Newtonian) fluid and found that the polar fluid velocity is decreasing.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50007408,"asset_id":4162286,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5029287,"first_name":"Pavan","last_name":"Patil","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PavanPatil2","display_name":"Pavan Patil","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PavanPatil2?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5029287/2187226/2563755/s65_pavan.patil.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":2024,"name":"Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":3641,"name":"Aeronautical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aeronautical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653"},{"id":33661,"name":"Heat and Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":181847,"name":"First-Order Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First-Order_Logic?f_ri=134653"},{"id":186189,"name":"Heat transfer coefficient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_transfer_coefficient?f_ri=134653"},{"id":187812,"name":"Thermal Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Sciences?f_ri=134653"},{"id":215076,"name":"Fluid flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluid_flow?f_ri=134653"},{"id":280438,"name":"Velocity Distribution in Open Channel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Velocity_Distribution_in_Open_Channel?f_ri=134653"},{"id":329911,"name":"Free Convection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Convection?f_ri=134653"},{"id":408186,"name":"Perturbation Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perturbation_Analysis?f_ri=134653"},{"id":539878,"name":"Chemical Reaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Reaction?f_ri=134653"},{"id":554780,"name":"Interdisciplinary Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Engineering?f_ri=134653"},{"id":685326,"name":"Boundary Layer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boundary_Layer?f_ri=134653"},{"id":698667,"name":"Nusselt Number","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nusselt_Number?f_ri=134653"},{"id":723955,"name":"Negative Skin Friction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Negative_Skin_Friction?f_ri=134653"},{"id":765146,"name":"Differential equation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_equation?f_ri=134653"},{"id":771600,"name":"Porous Medium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Porous_Medium?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1356442,"name":"Mass Transfer Coefficient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Transfer_Coefficient?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1598470,"name":"Viscous Dissipation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viscous_Dissipation?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24850144" data-work_id="24850144" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24850144/Effect_of_Superheat_Mold_and_Casting_Materials_on_the_Metal_Mold_Interfacial_Heat_Transfer_During_Solidification_in_Graphite_Lined_Permanent_Molds">Effect of Superheat, Mold, and Casting Materials on the Metal/Mold Interfacial Heat Transfer During Solidification in Graphite-Lined Permanent Molds</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Heat transfer during the solidification of an Al-Cu-Si alloy (LM4) and commercial pure tin in single steel, graphite, and graphite-lined metallic (composite) molds was investigated. Experiments were carried out at three different... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24850144" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Heat transfer during the solidification of an Al-Cu-Si alloy (LM4) and commercial pure tin in single steel, graphite, and graphite-lined metallic (composite) molds was investigated. Experiments were carried out at three different superheats. In the case of composite molds, the effect of the thickness of the graphite lining and the outer wall on heat transfer was studied. Temperatures at known locations inside the mold and casting were used to solve the Fourier heat conduction equation inversely to yield the casting/mold interfacial heat flux transients. Increased melt superheats and higher thermal conductivity of the mold material led to an increase in the peak heat flux at the metal/mold interface. Factorial experiments indicated that the mold material had a significant effect on the peak heat flux at the 5% level of significance. The ratio of graphite lining to outer steel wall and superheat had a significant effect on the peak heat flux in significance range varying between 5 and 25%. A heat flux model was proposed to estimate the maximum heat flux transients at different superheat levels of 25 to 75°C for any metal/mold combinations having a thermal diffusivity ratio (␣ R ) varying between 0.25 and 6.96. The heat flow models could be used to estimate interfacial heat flux transients from the thermophysical properties of the mold and cast materials and the melt superheat. Metallographic analysis indicated finer microstructures for castings poured at increased melt superheats and cast in high-thermal diffusivity molds.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24850144" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="85816d65da09eabd7b852dbbf05c4a02" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45173190,"asset_id":24850144,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45173190/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47912631" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SureshaMahadeva">Suresha Mahadeva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47912631" type="text/json">{"id":47912631,"first_name":"Suresha","last_name":"Mahadeva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SureshaMahadeva","display_name":"Suresha Mahadeva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SureshaMahadeva?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24850144 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24850144"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24850144, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24850144", }); 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Experiments were carried out at three different superheats. In the case of composite molds, the effect of the thickness of the graphite lining and the outer wall on heat transfer was studied. Temperatures at known locations inside the mold and casting were used to solve the Fourier heat conduction equation inversely to yield the casting/mold interfacial heat flux transients. Increased melt superheats and higher thermal conductivity of the mold material led to an increase in the peak heat flux at the metal/mold interface. Factorial experiments indicated that the mold material had a significant effect on the peak heat flux at the 5% level of significance. The ratio of graphite lining to outer steel wall and superheat had a significant effect on the peak heat flux in significance range varying between 5 and 25%. A heat flux model was proposed to estimate the maximum heat flux transients at different superheat levels of 25 to 75°C for any metal/mold combinations having a thermal diffusivity ratio (␣ R ) varying between 0.25 and 6.96. The heat flow models could be used to estimate interfacial heat flux transients from the thermophysical properties of the mold and cast materials and the melt superheat. Metallographic analysis indicated finer microstructures for castings poured at increased melt superheats and cast in high-thermal diffusivity molds.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45173190,"asset_id":24850144,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47912631,"first_name":"Suresha","last_name":"Mahadeva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SureshaMahadeva","display_name":"Suresha Mahadeva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SureshaMahadeva?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":201306,"name":"Heat Flux","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flux?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":270366,"name":"Heat Conduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Conduction?f_ri=134653"},{"id":352693,"name":"Thermophysical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermophysical_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":386998,"name":"Heat Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flow?f_ri=134653"},{"id":473797,"name":"Microstructures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructures?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30323916" data-work_id="30323916" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30323916/A_quick_method_for_thermal_diffusivity_estimation_Application_to_several_foods">A quick method for thermal diffusivity estimation: Application to several foods</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">a b s t r a c t A reliable, quick and userfriendly method for thermal diffusivity estimation has been developed. An appropriate software tool, based on least square optimization of a finite difference solution of Fourier's equation, has... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30323916" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">a b s t r a c t A reliable, quick and userfriendly method for thermal diffusivity estimation has been developed. An appropriate software tool, based on least square optimization of a finite difference solution of Fourier's equation, has been created and an appropriate measuring cell has been designed and made in order to decrease the systematic error in probe positioning. The method has been experimentally validated and its results have been compared with those obtained by three other available methods. Several foods (tomato products, low-acid pasta sauces, olive pate, confectioner's custard and apricot jam) were tested and in every case the method proved to be effective. The developed software also allowed estimation of thermal diffusivity via heat penetration curves obtained by variable temperature treatments. So it has been also possible to exclude the contribution of container material from the estimation of thermal diffusivity of liquid packed foods. The proposed method turns out to be a useful tool for scientific design of several processes, such as sterilization and pasteurization, and for correct control of transport, storage and distribution of foods.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30323916" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="25510b60ed2ec3cd04fbe0b2870118f5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50779871,"asset_id":30323916,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50779871/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="922197" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobertoMassini">Roberto Massini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="922197" type="text/json">{"id":922197,"first_name":"Roberto","last_name":"Massini","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RobertoMassini","display_name":"Roberto Massini","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RobertoMassini?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/922197/344526/409358/s65_roberto.massini.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30323916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30323916"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30323916, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30323916", }); 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An appropriate software tool, based on least square optimization of a finite difference solution of Fourier's equation, has been created and an appropriate measuring cell has been designed and made in order to decrease the systematic error in probe positioning. The method has been experimentally validated and its results have been compared with those obtained by three other available methods. Several foods (tomato products, low-acid pasta sauces, olive pate, confectioner's custard and apricot jam) were tested and in every case the method proved to be effective. The developed software also allowed estimation of thermal diffusivity via heat penetration curves obtained by variable temperature treatments. So it has been also possible to exclude the contribution of container material from the estimation of thermal diffusivity of liquid packed foods. The proposed method turns out to be a useful tool for scientific design of several processes, such as sterilization and pasteurization, and for correct control of transport, storage and distribution of foods.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50779871,"asset_id":30323916,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":922197,"first_name":"Roberto","last_name":"Massini","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RobertoMassini","display_name":"Roberto Massini","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RobertoMassini?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/922197/344526/409358/s65_roberto.massini.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4468,"name":"Food Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":132898,"name":"Estimation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estimation?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":177876,"name":"Sterilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sterilization?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":263097,"name":"Application","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Application?f_ri=134653"},{"id":452692,"name":"Finite Difference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Difference?f_ri=134653"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4783475" data-work_id="4783475" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4783475/Propriedades_t%C3%A9rmicas_de_pol%C3%ADmeros_por_m%C3%A9todos_transientes_de_troca_de_calor">Propriedades térmicas de polímeros por métodos transientes de troca de calor</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">N O R M A S E M É T O D O S Introdução Durante o processo de extrusão o polímero experimenta uma complicada história térmica . No trajeto inicial da extrusora, as partículas sólidas do polímero são aquecidas até o ponto de fusão. Na... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4783475" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">N O R M A S E M É T O D O S Introdução Durante o processo de extrusão o polímero experimenta uma complicada história térmica . No trajeto inicial da extrusora, as partículas sólidas do polímero são aquecidas até o ponto de fusão. Na região intermediária, a temperatura do polímero fundido é aumentada até um nível considerável acima do ponto de fusão, enquanto as partículas sólidas remanescentes continuam sendo aquecidas até a sua fusão. Na região final da extrusora, o polímero fundido tem que alcançar um estado termicamente homogêneo. Quando o material deixa a extrusora ele é, então, resfriado normalmente até a temperatura ambiente. Pode-se concluir, portanto, que o conhecimento das propriedades térmicas de polímeros é crucial na descrição e análise do processo de extrusão.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4783475" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="06d78aab8b421f264b5dfbe7c120e4b2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32088094,"asset_id":4783475,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32088094/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6167387" href="https://manchester-us.academia.edu/PaulMummery">Paul Mummery</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6167387" type="text/json">{"id":6167387,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Mummery","domain_name":"manchester-us","page_name":"PaulMummery","display_name":"Paul Mummery","profile_url":"https://manchester-us.academia.edu/PaulMummery?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4783475 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4783475"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4783475, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4783475", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4783475]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4783475").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4783475").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4783475"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design">Engineering Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7947" type="text/json">{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8067" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer">Heat Transfer</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8067" type="text/json">{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4783475]'), work: {"id":4783475,"title":"Propriedades térmicas de polímeros por métodos transientes de troca de calor","created_at":"2013-10-15T21:19:52.098-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4783475/Propriedades_t%C3%A9rmicas_de_pol%C3%ADmeros_por_m%C3%A9todos_transientes_de_troca_de_calor?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_4783475","summary":"N O R M A S E M É T O D O S Introdução Durante o processo de extrusão o polímero experimenta uma complicada história térmica . No trajeto inicial da extrusora, as partículas sólidas do polímero são aquecidas até o ponto de fusão. Na região intermediária, a temperatura do polímero fundido é aumentada até um nível considerável acima do ponto de fusão, enquanto as partículas sólidas remanescentes continuam sendo aquecidas até a sua fusão. Na região final da extrusora, o polímero fundido tem que alcançar um estado termicamente homogêneo. Quando o material deixa a extrusora ele é, então, resfriado normalmente até a temperatura ambiente. Pode-se concluir, portanto, que o conhecimento das propriedades térmicas de polímeros é crucial na descrição e análise do processo de extrusão.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32088094,"asset_id":4783475,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6167387,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Mummery","domain_name":"manchester-us","page_name":"PaulMummery","display_name":"Paul Mummery","profile_url":"https://manchester-us.academia.edu/PaulMummery?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":23890,"name":"Comparative Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study?f_ri=134653"},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":234860,"name":"Steady state","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steady_state?f_ri=134653"},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":247487,"name":"Temperature Dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Dependence?f_ri=134653"},{"id":396373,"name":"Differential Scanning Calorimeter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Scanning_Calorimeter?f_ri=134653"},{"id":411663,"name":"Polímeros","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pol%C3%ADmeros?f_ri=134653"},{"id":742212,"name":"Polymer Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Testing?f_ri=134653"},{"id":827572,"name":"Specific Heat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":856612,"name":"Polimeros","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polimeros?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1032175,"name":"Bulk Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bulk_Density?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1228946,"name":"Physical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":1724844,"name":"Molecular Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Structure?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13734110" data-work_id="13734110" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13734110/Thermal_properties_of_carbon_fibers_at_very_high_temperature">Thermal properties of carbon fibers at very high temperature</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Thermal properties such as specific heat C p , thermal diffusivity a, and thermal conductivity k of carbon fibers are important parameters in the behaviour of the carbon/carbon composites. In this study, the specific heat and the thermal... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13734110" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Thermal properties such as specific heat C p , thermal diffusivity a, and thermal conductivity k of carbon fibers are important parameters in the behaviour of the carbon/carbon composites. In this study, the specific heat and the thermal diffusivity are measured at very high temperatures (up to 2500 K). The experimental thermal conductivity estimated by the indirect relation k = aqC p is presented as a function of the temperature. Validations are carried out on isotropic metallic (tungsten) and ceramic (Al 2 O 3 ) fibers. Measurements were obtained on three carbon fibers (rayon-based, PAN-based and pitch-based). Thermal conductivity results allow us to classify fibers from the most insulated to most conductive.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13734110" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="263d2960c1f31c37026eb334418875e9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45008881,"asset_id":13734110,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45008881/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32857847" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChristophePradere">Christophe Pradere</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32857847" type="text/json">{"id":32857847,"first_name":"Christophe","last_name":"Pradere","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChristophePradere","display_name":"Christophe Pradere","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChristophePradere?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13734110 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13734110"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13734110, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13734110", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_13734110 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13734110; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_13734110"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_13734110 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="13734110"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13734110; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13734110]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13734110").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13734110").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13734110"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5303" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon">Carbon</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5303" type="text/json">{"id":5303,"name":"Carbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14925" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment">Heat Treatment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14925" type="text/json">{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences">Physical sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="118582" type="text/json">{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13734110]'), work: {"id":13734110,"title":"Thermal properties of carbon fibers at very high temperature","created_at":"2015-07-06T23:54:35.580-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13734110/Thermal_properties_of_carbon_fibers_at_very_high_temperature?f_ri=134653","dom_id":"work_13734110","summary":"Thermal properties such as specific heat C p , thermal diffusivity a, and thermal conductivity k of carbon fibers are important parameters in the behaviour of the carbon/carbon composites. In this study, the specific heat and the thermal diffusivity are measured at very high temperatures (up to 2500 K). The experimental thermal conductivity estimated by the indirect relation k = aqC p is presented as a function of the temperature. Validations are carried out on isotropic metallic (tungsten) and ceramic (Al 2 O 3 ) fibers. Measurements were obtained on three carbon fibers (rayon-based, PAN-based and pitch-based). Thermal conductivity results allow us to classify fibers from the most insulated to most conductive.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45008881,"asset_id":13734110,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32857847,"first_name":"Christophe","last_name":"Pradere","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChristophePradere","display_name":"Christophe Pradere","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChristophePradere?f_ri=134653","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":5303,"name":"Carbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=134653","nofollow":true},{"id":134653,"name":"THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THERMAL_DIFFUSIVITY?f_ri=134653"},{"id":191117,"name":"High Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Temperature?f_ri=134653"},{"id":246758,"name":"Thermal Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Conductivity?f_ri=134653"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=134653"},{"id":494642,"name":"Structural Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structural_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":827572,"name":"Specific Heat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_Heat?f_ri=134653"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=134653"},{"id":869231,"name":"Carbon Fiber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Fiber?f_ri=134653"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13802648 coauthored" data-work_id="13802648" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13802648/Overview_of_diffusion_measurements_by_optical_techniques">Overview of diffusion measurements by optical techniques</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We provide an overview of diffusion measurements using various optical methods. The studied methods include interferometry, holography, speckle techniques, moiré and common-path shearing interferometry. The main emphasis is on recent... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13802648" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We provide an overview of diffusion measurements using various optical methods. The studied methods include interferometry, holography, speckle techniques, moiré and common-path shearing interferometry. The main emphasis is on recent contributions and on quantitative analysis. A classification of the methods is carried out. Finally, a comprehensive bibliography is included, although it is not intended to be exhaustive.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13802648" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5a29a61d88eacb3ce0f252d287c65e26" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38165503,"asset_id":13802648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38165503/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32904472" href="https://univaq.academia.edu/DarioAmbrosini">Dario Ambrosini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32904472" type="text/json">{"id":32904472,"first_name":"Dario","last_name":"Ambrosini","domain_name":"univaq","page_name":"DarioAmbrosini","display_name":"Dario Ambrosini","profile_url":"https://univaq.academia.edu/DarioAmbrosini?f_ri=134653","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32904472/9799547/10919008/s65_dario.ambrosini.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-13802648">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-13802648"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/NasserRashidnia">Nasser Rashidnia</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-13802648'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-13802648').html(); 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