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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Formation and properties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_and_properties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Types</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Health impact</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_and_cited_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_and_cited_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>General and cited references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_and_cited_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Agate</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 82 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agaat" title="Agaat – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Agaat" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achat" title="Achat – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Achat" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82" title="عقيق – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عقيق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agata" title="Agata – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Agata" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fqiq" title="Əqiq – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əqiq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9-l%C3%B3" title="Bé-ló – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bé-ló" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Агат – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Агат" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Агат – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Агат" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Ахат – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ахат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80gata" title="Àgata – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àgata" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Ахах – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ахах" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ach%C3%A1t" title="Achát – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Achát" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agat" title="Agat – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Agat" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achat" title="Achat – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Achat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahhaat" title="Ahhaat – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ahhaat" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%87%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Αχάτης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αχάτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81gata_(mineral)" title="Ágata (mineral) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ágata (mineral)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agato" title="Agato – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Agato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agata" title="Agata – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Agata" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82" title="عقیق – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عقیق" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agate" title="Agate – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Agate" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ag%C3%A1it" title="Agáit – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Agáit" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81gata" title="Ágata – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ágata" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%85%B8" title="마노 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마노" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%A9" title="Ագաթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ագաթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahat" title="Ahat – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ahat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agato" title="Agato – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Agato" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akik" title="Akik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Akik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agat" title="Agat – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Agat" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agata_(minerale)" title="Agata (minerale) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Agata (minerale)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%92%D7%98" title="אגט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אגט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D" title="ಅಗೇಟ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಗೇಟ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="აქატი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აქატი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Агат – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Агат" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Агат – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Агат" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achates" title="Achates – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Achates" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ah%C4%81ts" title="Ahāts – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ahāts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agatas" title="Agatas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Agatas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ach%C3%A1t" title="Achát – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Achát" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agata" title="Agata – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Agata" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="അഗേറ്റ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അഗേറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82" title="عقيق – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عقيق" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akik" title="Akik – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Akik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Гартаам – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гартаам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="မဟူရာကျောက် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မဟူရာကျောက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agaat_(vari%C3%ABteit)" title="Agaat (variëteit) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Agaat (variëteit)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%8E%E3%82%A6" title="メノウ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メノウ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agat" title="Agat – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Agat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agat" title="Agat – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Agat" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqiq" title="Aqiq – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Aqiq" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82" title="عقیق – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عقیق" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82" title="عقيق – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="عقيق" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agat" title="Agat – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Agat" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81gata" title="Ágata – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ágata" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agat" title="Agat – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Agat" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agat" title="Agat – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Agat" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Агат – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Агат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Агаат – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Агаат" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agate" title="Agate – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Agate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82(%D9%BE%D9%BF%D8%B1)" title="عقيق(پٿر) – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عقيق(پٿر)" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ach%C3%A1t" title="Achát – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Achát" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahat" title="Ahat – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ahat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A8%DB%95" title="کەڵبە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کەڵبە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Ахат – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ахат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahat" title="Ahat – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ahat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akaatti" title="Akaatti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Akaatti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agat" title="Agat – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Agat" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D" title="அகேட் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அகேட்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazga" title="Amazga – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Amazga" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Ахак – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ахак" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="โมรา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โมรา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akik" title="Akik – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Akik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Агат – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Агат" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82" title="عقیق – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عقیق" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxnaux" title="Maxnaux – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Maxnaux" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A3_n%C3%A3o" title="Mã não – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mã não" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E7%91%99" title="瑪瑙 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="瑪瑙" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agata" title="Agata – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Agata" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E7%91%99" title="玛瑙 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="玛瑙" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agate" title="Agate – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Agate" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E7%91%99" title="瑪瑙 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="瑪瑙" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E7%91%99" title="瑪瑙 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="瑪瑙" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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searchaux" style="display:none">Rock consisting of cryptocrystalline silica alternating with microgranular quartz</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Agate_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Agate (disambiguation)">Agate (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #fff; background-color: #bb361c">Agate</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mexican_Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_World%27s_Best.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Mexican_Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_World%27s_Best.jpg/260px-Mexican_Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_World%27s_Best.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Mexican_Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_World%27s_Best.jpg/390px-Mexican_Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_World%27s_Best.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Mexican_Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_World%27s_Best.jpg/520px-Mexican_Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_World%27s_Best.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">19.6 kg (43 lb) specimen of "Crazy Lace" agate from Chihuahua, Mexico next to a tennis ball; 38.2 cm (15.0 in) wide</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #fff; background-color: #bb361c">General</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Category</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chalcedony" title="Chalcedony">Chalcedony</a> variety</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Formula</a><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(repeating unit)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">SiO<sub>2</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Silicon_dioxide" title="Silicon dioxide">silicon dioxide</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Crystal_system" title="Crystal system">Crystal system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trigonal" class="mw-redirect" title="Trigonal">Trigonal</a> or <a href="/wiki/Monoclinic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monoclinic">monoclinic</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #fff; background-color: #bb361c">Identification</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Color</th><td class="infobox-data">banded</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Crystal_habit" title="Crystal habit">Crystal habit</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cryptocrystalline" title="Cryptocrystalline">Cryptocrystalline</a> silica</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Cleavage_(crystal)" title="Cleavage (crystal)">Cleavage</a></th><td class="infobox-data">None</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fracture_(mineralogy)" title="Fracture (mineralogy)">Fracture</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conchoidal_fracture" title="Conchoidal fracture">Conchoidal</a>, with very sharp edges</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardness" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohs scale of mineral hardness">Mohs scale</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">hardness</span></th><td class="infobox-data">6.5–7</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lustre_(mineralogy)" title="Lustre (mineralogy)">Luster</a></th><td class="infobox-data">is Waxy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Streak_(mineralogy)" title="Streak (mineralogy)">Streak</a></th><td class="infobox-data">White</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency" title="Transparency and translucency">Diaphaneity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Translucent</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Specific_gravity" class="mw-redirect" title="Specific gravity">Specific gravity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2.58–2.64</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Refractive_index" title="Refractive index">Refractive index</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1.530–1.540</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Birefringence" title="Birefringence">Birefringence</a></th><td class="infobox-data">up to +0.004 (B-G)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Pleochroism" title="Pleochroism">Pleochroism</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Absent</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Agate</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">AG</span>-it</i></a>) is a variety of <a href="/wiki/Chalcedony" title="Chalcedony">chalcedony</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which comes in a wide variety of colors. Agates are primarily formed within <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_rock" title="Volcanic rock">volcanic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metamorphic_rock" title="Metamorphic rock">metamorphic rocks</a>. The ornamental use of agate was common in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a>, in assorted <a href="/wiki/Jewelry" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewelry">jewelry</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Seal_stone" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal stone">seal stones</a> of Greek warriors,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while bead necklaces with pierced and polished agate date back to the <a href="/wiki/3rd_millennium_BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd millennium BCE">3rd millennium BCE</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley civilisation">Indus Valley civilisation</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agate&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The stone was given its name by <a href="/wiki/Theophrastus" title="Theophrastus">Theophrastus</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Philosopher" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosopher">philosopher</a> and <a href="/wiki/Naturalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalist">naturalist</a>, who discovered the stone along the shore line of the <a href="/wiki/Dirillo" title="Dirillo">Dirillo River</a> or Achates (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Ἀχάτης</span>) in <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sometime between the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formation_and_properties">Formation and properties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agate&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Formation and properties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Faceted_Botswana_agate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Faceted_Botswana_agate.jpg/220px-Faceted_Botswana_agate.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Faceted_Botswana_agate.jpg/330px-Faceted_Botswana_agate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Faceted_Botswana_agate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="429" data-file-height="483" /></a><figcaption>Botswana agate</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Agate-_%26_quartz-lined_geode_5_(32375570960).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Agate-_%26_quartz-lined_geode_5_%2832375570960%29.jpg/220px-Agate-_%26_quartz-lined_geode_5_%2832375570960%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Agate-_%26_quartz-lined_geode_5_%2832375570960%29.jpg/330px-Agate-_%26_quartz-lined_geode_5_%2832375570960%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Agate-_%26_quartz-lined_geode_5_%2832375570960%29.jpg/440px-Agate-_%26_quartz-lined_geode_5_%2832375570960%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2210" data-file-height="1348" /></a><figcaption>Hollow agate</figcaption></figure> <p>Agate minerals have the tendency to form on or within existing rocks, creating difficulties in accurately determining their time of formation.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their host rocks have been dated to have formed as early as the <a href="/wiki/Archean" title="Archean">Archean</a> Eon. Agates are most commonly found as <a href="/wiki/Nodule_(geology)" title="Nodule (geology)">nodules</a> within the cavities of <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_rock" title="Volcanic rock">volcanic rocks</a>. These cavities are formed from the gases trapped within the liquid volcanic material forming <a href="/wiki/Vesicle_(geology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vesicle (geology)">vesicles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cavities are then filled in with silica-rich fluids from the volcanic<sup id="cite_ref-:22_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> material, layers are deposited on the walls of the cavity slowly working their way inwards.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first layer deposited on the cavity walls is commonly known as the priming layer.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Variations in the character of the solution or in the conditions of deposition may cause a corresponding variation in the successive layers. These variations in layers result in bands of <a href="/wiki/Chalcedony" title="Chalcedony">chalcedony</a>, often alternating with layers of crystalline <a href="/wiki/Quartz" title="Quartz">quartz</a> forming banded agate.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hollow agates can also form due to the deposition of liquid-rich silica not penetrating deep enough to fill the cavity completely.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Agate will form crystals within the reduced cavity, and the apex of each crystal may point towards the center of the cavity. </p><p>The priming layer is often dark green, but can be modified by <a href="/wiki/Iron_oxide" title="Iron oxide">iron oxide</a> resulting in a rust like appearance.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Agate is very durable, and is often found detached from its host matrix, which has eroded. Once removed, the outer surface is usually pitted and rough from filling the cavity of its former matrix. Agates have also been found in <a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_rock" title="Sedimentary rock">sedimentary rocks</a>, normally in <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> or <a href="/wiki/Dolomite_(rock)" title="Dolomite (rock)">dolomite</a>; these sedimentary rocks acquire cavities often from decomposed branches or other buried organic material. If silica-rich fluids are able to penetrate into these cavities agates can be formed.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agate&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Lace agate</i> is a variety that exhibits a <a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">lace</a>-like pattern with forms such as eyes, swirls, bands or zigzags. <i>Blue lace agate</i> is found in Africa and is especially hard.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Crazy lace agate,</i> typically found in Mexico, is often brightly colored with a complex pattern, demonstrating randomized distribution of contour lines and circular droplets, scattered throughout the rock. The stone is typically coloured red and white but is also seen to exhibit yellow and grey combinations as well.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Moss agate</i>, as the name suggests, exhibits a moss-like pattern and is of a greenish colour. The coloration is not created by any vegetative growth, but rather through the mixture of chalcedony and oxidized iron hornblende. <i>Dendritic agate</i> also displays vegetative features, including fern-like patterns formed due to the presence of manganese and iron oxides.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Turritella agate</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Elimia_tenera" title="Elimia tenera">Elimia tenera</a>)</i> is formed from the shells of fossilized freshwater <a href="/wiki/Turritella" title="Turritella">Turritella</a> <a href="/wiki/Gastropod" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastropod">gastropods</a> with elongated spiral shells. Similarly, <a href="/wiki/Coral" title="Coral">coral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petrified_wood" title="Petrified wood">petrified wood</a>, porous rocks and other organic remains can also form agate.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Coldwater agates</i>, such as the Lake Michigan cloud agate, did not form under volcanic processes, but instead formed within the <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> and dolomite strata of marine origin. Like volcanic-origin agates, Coldwater agates formed from silica gels that lined pockets and seams within the bedrock. These agates are typically less colorful, with banded lines of grey and white chalcedony.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Greek agate</i> is a name given to pale white to tan colored agate found in the former Greek colony of <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> as early as 400 BCE. The Greeks used it for making jewelry and beads. </p><p><i>Brazilian agate</i> is found as sizable geodes of layered nodules. These occur in brownish tones inter-layered with white and gray. It is often dyed in various colors for ornamental purposes. </p><p><i>Polyhedroid agate</i> forms in a flat-sided shape similar to a <a href="/wiki/Polyhedron" title="Polyhedron">polyhedron</a>. When sliced, it often shows a characteristic layering of concentric <a href="/wiki/Polygon" title="Polygon">polygons</a>. It has been suggested that growth is not crystallographically controlled but is due to the filling-in of spaces between pre-existing crystals which have since dissolved. </p><p><i>Iris agate</i> is a finely-banded and usually colorless agate, that when thinly sliced, exhibits spectral decomposition of white light into its constituent colors, requiring 400 to up to 30,000 bands per inch.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other forms of agate include <i>Holley blue agate</i> (also spelled "Holly blue agate"), a rare dark blue ribbon agate found only near <a href="/wiki/Holley,_Oregon" title="Holley, Oregon">Holley, Oregon</a>; <a href="/wiki/Lake_Superior_agate" title="Lake Superior agate">Lake Superior agate</a>; <i>Carnelian agate</i> (has reddish hues); <i>Botswana agate</i>; <i>plume agate</i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Condor_agate" title="Condor agate">condor agate</a></i>; <i>tube agate</i> containing visible flow channels or pinhole-sized "tubes"; <i>fortification agate</i> with contrasting concentric banding reminiscent of defensive ditches and walls around ancient forts; <i><a href="/wiki/Binghamite" title="Binghamite">Binghamite</a></i>, a variety found only on the Cuyuna iron range (near Crosby) in Crow Wing County, Minnesota; <i><a href="/wiki/Fire_agate" title="Fire agate">fire agate</a></i> showing an iridescent, internal flash or "fire", the result of a layer of clear agate over a layer of hydrothermally deposited hematite; <i><a href="/wiki/Patuxent_River_stone" title="Patuxent River stone">Patuxent River stone</a></i>, a red and yellow form of agate only found in <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>; and <i><a href="/wiki/Enhydro_agate" title="Enhydro agate">enhydro agate</a></i>, which contains tiny inclusions of water, sometimes with air bubbles. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 184px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 182px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fossil_agatized_coral_Florida.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Agatized coral"><img alt="A piece of translucent pink agatized coral, with a "ruffled" appearance along the top edge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Fossil_agatized_coral_Florida.JPG/273px-Fossil_agatized_coral_Florida.JPG" decoding="async" width="182" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Fossil_agatized_coral_Florida.JPG/410px-Fossil_agatized_coral_Florida.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Fossil_agatized_coral_Florida.JPG/546px-Fossil_agatized_coral_Florida.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3440" data-file-height="2460" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Agatized coral</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 173.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dendritic_agate.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dendritic agate"><img alt="Dendritic agate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Dendritic_agate.jpg/260px-Dendritic_agate.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Dendritic_agate.jpg/391px-Dendritic_agate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Dendritic_agate.jpg/520px-Dendritic_agate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2358" data-file-height="1768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dendritic agate</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 141.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 139.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elimia_fossils_Wyoming.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=""Turritella agate" (Elimia tenera)"><img alt="An irregular dark stone with a flat polished front; many white fragments of elongated, spiral, "corkscrew" shells seem to float in the dark stone" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Elimia_fossils_Wyoming.jpg/209px-Elimia_fossils_Wyoming.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Elimia_fossils_Wyoming.jpg/313px-Elimia_fossils_Wyoming.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Elimia_fossils_Wyoming.jpg 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="346" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">"Turritella agate" (<i><a href="/wiki/Elimia_tenera" title="Elimia tenera">Elimia tenera</a></i>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 273.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 271.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_Macro_Panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Crazy lace agate"><img alt="Crazy lace agate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_Macro_Panorama.jpg/407px-Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_Macro_Panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_Macro_Panorama.jpg/611px-Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_Macro_Panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_Macro_Panorama.jpg/814px-Crazy_Lace_Agate_-_Macro_Panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="834" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Crazy lace agate</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agate&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%94%90-%E7%8E%9B%E7%91%99%E5%85%BD%E9%A6%96%E6%9D%AF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/%E5%94%90-%E7%8E%9B%E7%91%99%E5%85%BD%E9%A6%96%E6%9D%AF.jpg/220px-%E5%94%90-%E7%8E%9B%E7%91%99%E5%85%BD%E9%A6%96%E6%9D%AF.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/%E5%94%90-%E7%8E%9B%E7%91%99%E5%85%BD%E9%A6%96%E6%9D%AF.jpg/330px-%E5%94%90-%E7%8E%9B%E7%91%99%E5%85%BD%E9%A6%96%E6%9D%AF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/%E5%94%90-%E7%8E%9B%E7%91%99%E5%85%BD%E9%A6%96%E6%9D%AF.jpg/440px-%E5%94%90-%E7%8E%9B%E7%91%99%E5%85%BD%E9%A6%96%E6%9D%AF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2159" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Agate <a href="/wiki/Drinking_horn" title="Drinking horn">drinking horn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Agate is one of the most common materials used in the art of <a href="/wiki/Hardstone_carving" title="Hardstone carving">hardstone carving</a>, and has been recovered at a number of ancient sites, indicating its widespread use in the ancient world; for example, archaeological recovery at the <a href="/wiki/Knossos" title="Knossos">Knossos</a> site on <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a> illustrates its role in <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a> <a href="/wiki/Minoan_civilization" title="Minoan civilization">Minoan</a> culture.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also been used for centuries for <a href="/wiki/Leather_burnishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Leather burnishing">leather burnishing</a> tools. </p><p>The decorative arts use it to make ornaments such as <a href="/wiki/Pins" class="mw-redirect" title="Pins">pins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brooch" title="Brooch">brooches</a> or other types of <a href="/wiki/Jewellery" title="Jewellery">jewellery</a>, paper knives, <a href="/wiki/Inkstand" title="Inkstand">inkstands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marbles" class="mw-redirect" title="Marbles">marbles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seal_(emblem)" title="Seal (emblem)">seals</a>. Agate is also still used today for decorative displays, cabochons, beads, carvings and <a href="/wiki/Intarsia" title="Intarsia">Intarsia</a> art as well as face-polished and tumble-polished specimens of varying size and origin. <a href="/wiki/Idar-Oberstein" title="Idar-Oberstein">Idar-Oberstein</a> was one of the centers which made use of agate on an industrial scale. Where in the beginning locally found agates were used to make all types of objects for the European market, this became a globalized business around the turn of the 20th century: Idar-Oberstein imported large quantities of agate from Brazil, as ship's ballast. Making use of a variety of proprietary chemical processes, they produced colored beads that were sold around the globe.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Agates have long been used in arts and crafts. The sanctuary of a Presbyterian church in <a href="/wiki/Yachats,_Oregon" title="Yachats, Oregon">Yachats, Oregon</a>, has six windows with panes made of agates collected from the local beaches.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Industrial uses of agate exploit its hardness, ability to retain a highly polished surface finish and resistance to chemical attack. It has traditionally been used to make knife-edge bearings for <a href="/wiki/Laboratory_balance" class="mw-redirect" title="Laboratory balance">laboratory balances</a> and precision pendulums, and sometimes to make <a href="/wiki/Mortar_and_pestle" title="Mortar and pestle">mortars and pestles</a> to crush and mix chemicals. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tumbled_agate_and_jasper.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A 6.8 kg (15 lb) barrel full of tumble-polished agate and jasper"><img alt="A 6.8 kg (15 lb) barrel full of tumble-polished agate and jasper" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Tumbled_agate_and_jasper.jpg/120px-Tumbled_agate_and_jasper.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Tumbled_agate_and_jasper.jpg/180px-Tumbled_agate_and_jasper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Tumbled_agate_and_jasper.jpg/240px-Tumbled_agate_and_jasper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="990" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A 6.8 kg (15 lb) barrel full of tumble-polished agate and <a href="/wiki/Jasper" title="Jasper">jasper</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zegelring_in_goud_met_intaglio_met_portret_van_Commodus_in_nicolo,_180_tot_200_NC,_vindplaats-_Tongeren,_de_Schaetzengaarde_22,_1998,_losse_vondst_(mogelijk_goudschat),_collectie_Gallo-Romeins_Museum_Tongeren,_GRM_1892.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gold Roman signet ring with portrait of emperor Commodus in niccolo agate, 180-200 CE, found in Tongeren, Gallo-Roman Museum (Tongeren)"><img alt="Gold Roman signet ring with portrait of emperor Commodus in niccolo agate, 180-200 CE, found in Tongeren, Gallo-Roman Museum (Tongeren)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Zegelring_in_goud_met_intaglio_met_portret_van_Commodus_in_nicolo%2C_180_tot_200_NC%2C_vindplaats-_Tongeren%2C_de_Schaetzengaarde_22%2C_1998%2C_losse_vondst_%28mogelijk_goudschat%29%2C_collectie_Gallo-Romeins_Museum_Tongeren%2C_GRM_1892.jpg/96px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Zegelring_in_goud_met_intaglio_met_portret_van_Commodus_in_nicolo%2C_180_tot_200_NC%2C_vindplaats-_Tongeren%2C_de_Schaetzengaarde_22%2C_1998%2C_losse_vondst_%28mogelijk_goudschat%29%2C_collectie_Gallo-Romeins_Museum_Tongeren%2C_GRM_1892.jpg/145px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Zegelring_in_goud_met_intaglio_met_portret_van_Commodus_in_nicolo%2C_180_tot_200_NC%2C_vindplaats-_Tongeren%2C_de_Schaetzengaarde_22%2C_1998%2C_losse_vondst_%28mogelijk_goudschat%29%2C_collectie_Gallo-Romeins_Museum_Tongeren%2C_GRM_1892.jpg/193px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4617" data-file-height="5745" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gold Roman signet ring with portrait of emperor <a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> in niccolo agate, 180-200 CE, found in Tongeren, <a href="/wiki/Gallo-Roman_Museum,_Tongeren" title="Gallo-Roman Museum, Tongeren">Gallo-Roman Museum (Tongeren)</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Byzantine_-_The_%22Rubens_Vase%22_-_Walters_42562.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The "Rubens Vase" (Byzantine Empire). Carved in high relief from a single piece of agate, most likely created in an imperial workshop for a Byzantine emperor."><img alt="The "Rubens Vase" (Byzantine Empire). Carved in high relief from a single piece of agate, most likely created in an imperial workshop for a Byzantine emperor." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Byzantine_-_The_%22Rubens_Vase%22_-_Walters_42562.jpg/108px-Byzantine_-_The_%22Rubens_Vase%22_-_Walters_42562.jpg" decoding="async" width="108" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Byzantine_-_The_%22Rubens_Vase%22_-_Walters_42562.jpg/162px-Byzantine_-_The_%22Rubens_Vase%22_-_Walters_42562.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Byzantine_-_The_%22Rubens_Vase%22_-_Walters_42562.jpg/216px-Byzantine_-_The_%22Rubens_Vase%22_-_Walters_42562.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1623" data-file-height="1799" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The "<a href="/wiki/Rubens_Vase" title="Rubens Vase">Rubens Vase</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>). Carved in high relief from a single piece of agate, most likely created in an imperial workshop for a Byzantine emperor.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Victorian_banded_agate_ear_rings.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Victorian banded agate earrings"><img alt="Victorian banded agate earrings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Victorian_banded_agate_ear_rings.jpg/80px-Victorian_banded_agate_ear_rings.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Victorian_banded_agate_ear_rings.jpg/120px-Victorian_banded_agate_ear_rings.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Victorian_banded_agate_ear_rings.jpg/160px-Victorian_banded_agate_ear_rings.jpg 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="1079" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Victorian banded agate earrings</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maryland_Agate.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maryland Agate - Cut and illuminated to show internal structures"><img alt="Maryland Agate - Cut and illuminated to show internal structures" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Maryland_Agate.jpg/100px-Maryland_Agate.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Maryland_Agate.jpg/150px-Maryland_Agate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Maryland_Agate.jpg/199px-Maryland_Agate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1585" data-file-height="1907" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Maryland Agate - Cut and illuminated to show internal structures</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_impact">Health impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agate&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Health impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Respiratory diseases such as <a href="/wiki/Silicosis" title="Silicosis">silicosis</a>, and a higher <a href="/wiki/Cumulative_incidence" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumulative incidence">incidence</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> among workers involved in the agate industry, have been studied in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and China.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agate&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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.cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWangMerino1990" class="citation journal cs1">Wang, Yifeng; Merino, Enrique (1990-06-01). "Self-organizational origin of agates: Banding, fiber twisting, composition, and dynamic crystallization model". <i><a href="/wiki/Geochimica_et_Cosmochimica_Acta" title="Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta">Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta</a></i>. <b>54</b> (6): 1627–1638. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990GeCoA..54.1627W">1990GeCoA..54.1627W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0016-7037%2890%2990396-3">10.1016/0016-7037(90)90396-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0016-7037">0016-7037</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Self-organizational+origin+of+agates%3A+Banding%2C+fiber+twisting%2C+composition%2C+and+dynamic+crystallization+model&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=1627-1638&rft.date=1990-06-01&rft.issn=0016-7037&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0016-7037%2890%2990396-3&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1990GeCoA..54.1627W&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yifeng&rft.au=Merino%2C+Enrique&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/masterpiece-greek-art-found-griffin-warrior-tomb-180967141">"Masterpiece of Greek Art Found in the Griffin Warrior Tomb"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_(magazine)" title="Smithsonian (magazine)">Smithsonian</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a>. 7 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian&rft.atitle=Masterpiece+of+Greek+Art+Found+in+the+Griffin+Warrior+Tomb&rft.date=2017-11-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsmithsonianmag.com%2Fsmart-news%2Fmasterpiece-greek-art-found-griffin-warrior-tomb-180967141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070716052933/http://www.gem.org.au/agate.htm">"Agate Creek Agate"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gem.org.au/agate.htm">the original</a> on 16 July 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Agate+Creek+Agate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gem.org.au%2Fagate.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2318659">"Achates"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230826164742/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/invalidquery.jsp?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=entry=">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Achates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fptext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.04.0057%253Aentry%253D%252318659&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mindat.org/min-51.html">"Agate: Mineral information, data and localities"</a>. <i>www.mindat.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200215130856/https://www.mindat.org/min-51.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mindat.org&rft.atitle=Agate%3A+Mineral+information%2C+data+and+localities.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mindat.org%2Fmin-51.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:22-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:22_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:22_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:22_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:22_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFT2006" class="citation journal cs1">T, Moxon (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/minmag/article/70/5/485/140307">"Agate and chalcedony from igneous and sedimentary hosts aged from 13 to 3480 Ma: a cathodoluminescence study"</a>. <i>Mineralogical Magazine</i>. <b>70</b> (5): 485–498. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006MinM...70..485M">2006MinM...70..485M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1180%2F0026461067050347">10.1180/0026461067050347</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:54607138">54607138</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220313041353/https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/minmag/article/70/5/485/140307">Archived</a> from the original on March 13, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Agate+and+chalcedony+from+igneous+and+sedimentary+hosts+aged+from+13+to+3480+Ma%3A+a+cathodoluminescence+study&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=485-498&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A54607138%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1180%2F0026461067050347&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006MinM...70..485M&rft.aulast=T&rft.aufirst=Moxon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.geoscienceworld.org%2Fgsa%2Fminmag%2Farticle%2F70%2F5%2F485%2F140307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalgerMattheßvon_SeckendorffLiebau2009" class="citation web cs1">Walger, Eckart; Mattheß, Georg; von Seckendorff, Volker; Liebau, Friedrich (August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/schweiz/njma/2009/00000186/00000002/art00001">"The formation of agate structures: models for silica transport, agate layer accretion, and for flow patterns and flow regimes in infiltration channels"</a>. <i>www.ingentaconnect.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180604062121/https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/schweiz/njma/2009/00000186/00000002/art00001">Archived</a> from the original on June 4, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 3,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ingentaconnect.com&rft.atitle=The+formation+of+agate+structures%3A+models+for+silica+transport%2C+agate+layer+accretion%2C+and+for+flow+patterns+and+flow+regimes+in+infiltration+channels&rft.date=2009-08&rft.aulast=Walger&rft.aufirst=Eckart&rft.au=Matthe%C3%9F%2C+Georg&rft.au=von+Seckendorff%2C+Volker&rft.au=Liebau%2C+Friedrich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ingentaconnect.com%2Fcontent%2Fschweiz%2Fnjma%2F2009%2F00000186%2F00000002%2Fart00001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:12_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stonetreasuresbythelake.com/pages/yellow-skin-agate">"Metaphysical Properties of Yellow Skin Agate - Stone Treasures"</a>. <i>Stone Treasures by the Lake</i>. 24 March 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226214216/https://stonetreasuresbythelake.com/pages/yellow-skin-agate">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stone+Treasures+by+the+Lake&rft.atitle=Metaphysical+Properties+of+Yellow+Skin+Agate+-+Stone+Treasures&rft.date=2019-03-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstonetreasuresbythelake.com%2Fpages%2Fyellow-skin-agate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:02_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minerals.net/MineralDefinition.aspx?name=agate">"Agate chalcedony: The mineral Agate information and pictures"</a>. <i>www.minerals.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200316005135/https://www.minerals.net/MineralDefinition.aspx?name=agate">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-03-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.minerals.net&rft.atitle=Agate+chalcedony%3A+The+mineral+Agate+information+and+pictures&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minerals.net%2FMineralDefinition.aspx%3Fname%3Dagate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimmonsAhsian2007" class="citation book cs1">Simmons, Robert; Ahsian, Naisha (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-46X8VXHA_UC&q=lace+agate&pg=PA7"><i>The Book of Stones: Who They Are and What They Teach</i></a>. North Atlantic Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55643-668-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55643-668-0"><bdi>978-1-55643-668-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230826164744/https://books.google.com/books?id=-46X8VXHA_UC&q=lace+agate&pg=PA7">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-08-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Stones%3A+Who+They+Are+and+What+They+Teach&rft.pub=North+Atlantic+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-55643-668-0&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Ahsian%2C+Naisha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-46X8VXHA_UC%26q%3Dlace%2Bagate%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtkinsonAckerman2004" class="citation book cs1">Atkinson, Bill; Ackerman, Diane (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZSP94tREw7AC&q=Crazy+lace+agate&pg=PA165"><i>Within the Stone: Photography</i></a>. BrownTrout Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7631-8189-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7631-8189-5"><bdi>978-0-7631-8189-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230826164751/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZSP94tREw7AC&q=Crazy+lace+agate&pg=PA165">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-08-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Within+the+Stone%3A+Photography&rft.pub=BrownTrout+Publishers&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7631-8189-5&rft.aulast=Atkinson&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft.au=Ackerman%2C+Diane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZSP94tREw7AC%26q%3DCrazy%2Blace%2Bagate%26pg%3DPA165&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchumann2009" class="citation book cs1">Schumann, Walter (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V9PqVxpxeiEC&q=moss+agate&pg=PA146"><i>Gemstones of the World</i></a>. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4027-6829-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4027-6829-3"><bdi>978-1-4027-6829-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230826164743/https://books.google.com/books?id=V9PqVxpxeiEC&q=moss+agate&pg=PA146">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-08-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gemstones+of+the+World&rft.pub=Sterling+Publishing+Company%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4027-6829-3&rft.aulast=Schumann&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DV9PqVxpxeiEC%26q%3Dmoss%2Bagate%26pg%3DPA146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrant2016" class="citation book cs1">Grant, Ember (2016-06-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FSAcDAAAQBAJ&q=Turritella+agate&pg=PT118"><i>The Second Book of Crystal Spells: More Magical Uses for Stones, Crystals, Minerals... and Even Salt</i></a>. Llewellyn Worldwide. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7387-4844-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7387-4844-3"><bdi>978-0-7387-4844-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230826164746/https://books.google.com/books?id=FSAcDAAAQBAJ&q=Turritella+agate&pg=PT118">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-08-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Second+Book+of+Crystal+Spells%3A+More+Magical+Uses+for+Stones%2C+Crystals%2C+Minerals...+and+Even+Salt&rft.pub=Llewellyn+Worldwide&rft.date=2016-06-08&rft.isbn=978-0-7387-4844-3&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Ember&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFSAcDAAAQBAJ%26q%3DTurritella%2Bagate%26pg%3DPT118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarvin2010" class="citation book cs1">Garvin, Paul (2010-09-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3a1XkpBGdAcC&q=Coldwater+agates&pg=PA65"><i>Iowa's Minerals: Their Occurrence, Origins, Industries, and Lore</i></a>. University of Iowa Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60938-014-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60938-014-4"><bdi>978-1-60938-014-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230826164756/https://books.google.com/books?id=3a1XkpBGdAcC&q=Coldwater+agates&pg=PA65">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-08-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iowa%27s+Minerals%3A+Their+Occurrence%2C+Origins%2C+Industries%2C+and+Lore&rft.pub=University+of+Iowa+Press&rft.date=2010-09-13&rft.isbn=978-1-60938-014-4&rft.aulast=Garvin&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3a1XkpBGdAcC%26q%3DColdwater%2Bagates%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minsocam.org/msa/collectors_corner/arc/iris.htm">"Iris Agate"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220701101334/http://www.minsocam.org/msa/collectors_corner/arc/iris.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-07-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iris+Agate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minsocam.org%2Fmsa%2Fcollectors_corner%2Farc%2Firis.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. Michael Hogan. 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themodernantiquarian.com/site/10854/knossos.html#fieldnotes"><i>Knossos fieldnotes</i>, Modern Antiquarian</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180711201424/http://www.themodernantiquarian.com/site/10854/knossos.html#fieldnotes">Archived</a> 2018-07-11 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.farlang.com/art/2007-04-15.7721093142">"Background Article on Idar Oberstein"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081223064824/http://www.farlang.com/art/2007-04-15.7721093142">Archived</a> from the original on 2008-12-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-11-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Background+Article+on+Idar+Oberstein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.farlang.com%2Fart%2F2007-04-15.7721093142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120301204921/http://www.yachatspresbyterian.org/webapp/GetPage?pid=211">"Agate Windows - Community Presbyterian Church"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yachatspresbyterian.org/webapp/GetPage?pid=211">the original</a> on 1 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Agate+Windows+-+Community+Presbyterian+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yachatspresbyterian.org%2Fwebapp%2FGetPage%3Fpid%3D211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaudhuryPhatakPaliwal2012" class="citation journal cs1">Chaudhury, Nayanjeet; Phatak, Ajay; Paliwal, Rajiv (January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276038">"Co-morbidities among silicotics at Shakarpur: A follow up study"</a>. <i>Lung India</i>. <b>29</b> (1): 6–10. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4103%2F0970-2113.92348">10.4103/0970-2113.92348</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276038">3276038</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22345906">22345906</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lung+India&rft.atitle=Co-morbidities+among+silicotics+at+Shakarpur%3A+A+follow+up+study&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=6-10&rft.date=2012-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3276038%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22345906&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4103%2F0970-2113.92348&rft.aulast=Chaudhury&rft.aufirst=Nayanjeet&rft.au=Phatak%2C+Ajay&rft.au=Paliwal%2C+Rajiv&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3276038&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJiangXiaoLamXie2001" class="citation journal cs1">Jiang, CQ; Xiao, LW; Lam, TH; Xie, NW; Zhu, CQ (July 2001). "Accelerated silicosis in workers exposed to agate dust in Guangzhou, China". <i>American Journal of Industrial Medicine</i>. <b>40</b> (1): 87–91. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fajim.1074">10.1002/ajim.1074</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11439400">11439400</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Accelerated+silicosis+in+workers+exposed+to+agate+dust+in+Guangzhou%2C+China.&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=87-91&rft.date=2001-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fajim.1074&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11439400&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=CQ&rft.au=Xiao%2C+LW&rft.au=Lam%2C+TH&rft.au=Xie%2C+NW&rft.au=Zhu%2C+CQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTiwariNarainSharmaKumar2010" class="citation journal cs1">Tiwari, RR; Narain, R; Sharma, YK; Kumar, S (September 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3062020">"Comparison of respiratory morbidity between present and ex-workers of quartz crushing units: Healthy workers' effect"</a>. <i>Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine</i>. <b>14</b> (3): 87–90. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4103%2F0019-5278.75695">10.4103/0019-5278.75695</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3062020">3062020</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21461160">21461160</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indian+Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+respiratory+morbidity+between+present+and+ex-workers+of+quartz+crushing+units%3A+Healthy+workers%27+effect&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=87-90&rft.date=2010-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3062020%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21461160&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4103%2F0019-5278.75695&rft.aulast=Tiwari&rft.aufirst=RR&rft.au=Narain%2C+R&rft.au=Sharma%2C+YK&rft.au=Kumar%2C+S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3062020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_and_cited_references">General and cited references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agate&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: General and cited references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Cross, Brad L. and Zeitner, June Culp. <i>Geodes: Nature's Treasures</i>. Bardwin Park, Calif.: Gem Guides Book Co. 2005.</li> <li>Hart, Gilbert <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/collectors_corner/arc/silicanom.htm">"The Nomenclature of Silica"</a>, <i>American Mineralogist</i>, Volume 12, pages 383–395, 1927</li> <li>International Colored Gemstone Association, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101006064701/http://gemstone.org/gem-by-gem/english/agate.html">"Agate: banded beauty"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mindat.org/min-51.html">"Agate"</a>, Mindat.org, Hudson Institute of Mineralogy</li> <li>Moxon, Terry. <i>Agate: Microstructure and Possible Origin</i>. Doncaster, S. Yorks, UK: Terra Publications, 1996.</li> <li>Pabian, Roger, et al. <i>Agates: Treasures of the Earth</i>. Buffalo, New York: Firefly Books, 2006.</li> <li>Schumann, Walter. <i>Gemstones of the World</i>. 3rd edition. New York: Sterling, 2006.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agate&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Silicon_dioxide" title="Silicon dioxide">Silica</a> <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">minerals</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crystal_structure" title="Crystal structure">Crystalline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coesite" title="Coesite">Coesite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristobalite" title="Cristobalite">Cristobalite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keatite" title="Keatite">Keatite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moganite" title="Moganite">Moganite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartz" title="Quartz">Quartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seifertite" title="Seifertite">Seifertite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stishovite" title="Stishovite">Stishovite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridymite" title="Tridymite">Tridymite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cryptocrystalline" title="Cryptocrystalline">Cryptocrystalline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chalcedony" title="Chalcedony">Chalcedony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chert" title="Chert">Chert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint" title="Flint">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper" title="Jasper">Jasper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Amorphous_solid" title="Amorphous solid">Amorphous</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fulgurite" title="Fulgurite">Fulgurite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lechatelierite" title="Lechatelierite">Lechatelierite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opal" title="Opal">Opal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tiger%27s_eye" title="Tiger's eye">Tiger's eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqeeq" title="Aqeeq">Aqeeq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable varieties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chalcedony" title="Chalcedony">Chalcedony</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Agate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnelian" title="Carnelian">Carnelian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrome_chalcedony" title="Chrome chalcedony">Chrome chalcedony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysoprase" title="Chrysoprase">Chrysoprase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliotrope_(mineral)" title="Heliotrope (mineral)">Heliotrope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moss_agate" title="Moss agate">Moss agate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onyx" title="Onyx">Onyx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Opal" title="Opal">Opal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiorite" title="Fiorite">Fiorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geyserite" title="Geyserite">Geyserite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Quartz" title="Quartz">Quartz</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amethyst" title="Amethyst">Amethyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ametrine" title="Ametrine">Ametrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herkimer_diamond" title="Herkimer diamond">Herkimer diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoky_quartz" title="Smoky quartz">Smoky quartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shocked_quartz" title="Shocked quartz">Shocked quartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prasiolite" title="Prasiolite">Prasiolite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Am%C3%A9thystre_sceptre2.jpg/23px-Am%C3%A9thystre_sceptre2.jpg" decoding="async" width="23" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Am%C3%A9thystre_sceptre2.jpg/34px-Am%C3%A9thystre_sceptre2.jpg 1.5x, 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class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gemstones" title="Template:Gemstones"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gemstones" title="Template talk:Gemstones"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gemstones" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gemstones"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gemstones" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gemstone" title="Gemstone">Gemstones</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Gemmological classifications by E. Ya. Kievlenko (1980), updated</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jewellery" title="Jewellery">Jewelry</a> stones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_gem" title="Cardinal gem">1st order</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diamond" title="Diamond">Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby">Ruby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald" title="Emerald">Emerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapphire#Blue_sapphire" title="Sapphire">Blue Sapphire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysoberyl#Alexandrite" title="Chrysoberyl">Alexandrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl#Natural_pearls" title="Pearl">Natural marine pearls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>2nd order</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sapphire#Pink_sapphires" title="Sapphire">Pink sapphire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demantoid" title="Demantoid">Demantoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsavorite" title="Tsavorite">Tsavorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinel" title="Spinel">Spinel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opal#Precious_opal" title="Opal">Precious Black Opal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanite" title="Tanzanite">Tanzanite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>3rd order</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sapphire#Sapphires_of_other_colors" title="Sapphire">Yellow, Green, Violet Sapphires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquamarine_(gem)" title="Aquamarine (gem)">Aquamarine</a></li> <li>Orange <a href="/wiki/Topaz" title="Topaz">topaz</a> (Imperial)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbaite" title="Elbaite">Elbaite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opal#Other_varieties_of_opal" title="Opal">Precious White and Fire Opal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>4th order</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tourmaline" title="Tourmaline">Tourmaline</a> – Verdelite</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indicolite" class="mw-redirect" title="Indicolite">Indicolite</a>, polychromous</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beryl" title="Beryl">Beryl</a> – <a href="/wiki/Heliodor" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliodor">Heliodor</a>, pink, yellow-green</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topaz" title="Topaz">Topaz</a> yellow, blue, pink</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peridot" title="Peridot">Peridot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garnet" title="Garnet">Garnets</a> – <a href="/wiki/Spessartine" title="Spessartine">Spessartine</a> (malaya), <a href="/wiki/Rhodolite" title="Rhodolite">Rhodolite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Almandine" title="Almandine">Almandine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pyrope" title="Pyrope">Pyrope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amethyst" title="Amethyst">Amethyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrine_quartz" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrine quartz">Citrine</a></li> <li>Blue <a href="/wiki/Turquoise" title="Turquoise">Turquoise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Jewelry-Industrial<br />stones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>1st order</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lazurite" title="Lazurite">Lazurite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadeite" title="Jadeite">Jadeite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephrite" title="Nephrite">Nephrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malachite" title="Malachite">Malachite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amber" title="Amber">Amber</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baltic_amber" title="Baltic amber">Baltic amber</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysoprase" title="Chrysoprase">Chrysoprase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charoite" title="Charoite">Charoite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>2nd order</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Agate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonite" title="Amazonite">Amazonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodonite" title="Rhodonite">Rhodonite</a></li> <li>Colorless, <a href="/wiki/Quartz#Smoky_quartz" title="Quartz">smoky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quartz#Rose_quartz" title="Quartz">pink</a> <a href="/wiki/Quartz" title="Quartz">quartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hematite" title="Hematite">Hematite</a></li> <li>Common <a href="/wiki/Opal" title="Opal">opal</a></li> <li>Opaque iridescent <a href="/wiki/Feldspar" title="Feldspar">feldspars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industrial stones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jasper" title="Jasper">Jasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphic_texture" title="Graphic texture">Graphic</a> <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrified_wood" title="Petrified wood">Petrified wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacholong" title="Cacholong">Cacholong</a> (Porouse <a href="/wiki/Opal" title="Opal">opal</a>)</li> <li>Marble <a href="/wiki/Onyx" title="Onyx">onyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obsidian" title="Obsidian">Obsidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listwanite" title="Listwanite">Listwanite</a> (green mica)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jet_(lignite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jet (lignite)">Jet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selenite_(mineral)" title="Selenite (mineral)">Selenite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorite" title="Fluorite">Fluorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serpentinite" title="Serpentinite">Serpentinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aventurine" title="Aventurine">Aventurine</a> <a href="/wiki/Quartzite" title="Quartzite">quartzite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verd_antique" title="Verd antique">Ophicalcite</a> (<a href="/wiki/Serpentinite" title="Serpentinite">Serpentine</a>/<a href="/wiki/Calcite" title="Calcite">Calcite</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagodite" title="Pagodite">Pagodite</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pyrophyllite" title="Pyrophyllite">Pyrophyllite</a>/<a href="/wiki/Talc" title="Talc">Talc</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_individual_gemstones" title="List of individual gemstones">List of individual gemstones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diamonds" title="List of diamonds">List of diamonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_emeralds_by_size" title="List of emeralds by size">List of emeralds by size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sapphires_by_size" title="List of sapphires by size">List of sapphires by size</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_gemstones_by_species" title="List of gemstones by species">List of gemstones by species</a> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Am%C3%A9thystre_sceptre2.jpg/23px-Am%C3%A9thystre_sceptre2.jpg" decoding="async" width="23" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Am%C3%A9thystre_sceptre2.jpg/34px-Am%C3%A9thystre_sceptre2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Am%C3%A9thystre_sceptre2.jpg/46px-Am%C3%A9thystre_sceptre2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2893" data-file-height="3552" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Minerals" title="Portal:Minerals">Minerals portal</a></b></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jewellery" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jewellery" title="Template:Jewellery"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jewellery" title="Template talk:Jewellery"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jewellery" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jewellery"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Jewellery" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Jewellery" title="Jewellery">Jewellery</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_jewellery_types" title="List of jewellery types">Forms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anklet" title="Anklet">Anklet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_clip" title="Hair clip">Barrette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belly_chain" title="Belly chain">Belly chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belt_buckle" title="Belt buckle">Belt buckle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bindi_(decoration)" title="Bindi (decoration)">Bindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolo_tie" title="Bolo tie">Bolo tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bracelet" title="Bracelet">Bracelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooch" title="Brooch">Brooch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatelaine_(chain)" title="Chatelaine (chain)">Chatelaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collar_pin" title="Collar pin">Collar pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown" title="Crown">Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cufflink" title="Cufflink">Cufflink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earring" title="Earring">Earring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferronni%C3%A8re" title="Ferronnière">Ferronnière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genital_jewellery" class="mw-redirect" title="Genital jewellery">Genital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapel_pin" title="Lapel pin">Lapel pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necklace" title="Necklace">Necklace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neck_ring" title="Neck ring">Neck ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pectoral_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Pectoral (Ancient Egypt)">Pectoral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendant" title="Pendant">Pendant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_(jewellery)" title="Ring (jewellery)">Ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiara" title="Tiara">Tiara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie_chain" title="Tie chain">Tie chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie_clip" title="Tie clip">Tie clip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie_pin" title="Tie pin">Tie pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toe_ring" title="Toe ring">Toe ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watch" title="Watch">Watch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_watch" title="Pocket watch">pocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watch_strap" title="Watch strap">strap</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Making</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bench_jeweler" title="Bench jeweler">Bench jeweler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clockmaker" title="Clockmaker">Clockmaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmith" title="Goldsmith">Goldsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewellery_design" title="Jewellery design">Jewellery designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapidary" title="Lapidary">Lapidarist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silversmith" title="Silversmith">Silversmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watchmaker" title="Watchmaker">Watchmaker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cameo_(carving)" title="Cameo (carving)">Carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_casting" title="Metal casting">Casting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centrifugal_casting_(silversmithing)" title="Centrifugal casting (silversmithing)">centrifugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost-wax_casting" title="Lost-wax casting">lost-wax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_casting" title="Metal casting">vacuum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitreous_enamel" title="Vitreous enamel">Enameling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engraved_gem" title="Engraved gem">Engraving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filigree" title="Filigree">Filigree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_clay" title="Metal clay">Metal clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plating" title="Plating">Plating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polishing_(metalworking)" title="Polishing (metalworking)">Polishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repouss%C3%A9_and_chasing" title="Repoussé and chasing">Repoussé and chasing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldering" title="Soldering">Soldering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonesetting" title="Stonesetting">Stonesetting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire_sculpture" title="Wire sculpture">Wire sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire_wrapped_jewelry" title="Wire wrapped jewelry">Wire wrapped jewelry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draw_plate" title="Draw plate">Draw plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_(tool)" title="File (tool)">File</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer">Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandrel" title="Mandrel">Mandrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pliers" title="Pliers">Pliers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Materials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Precious_metal" title="Precious metal">Precious metals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">Palladium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum">Platinum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" title="Rhodium">Rhodium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">Silver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precious metal <a href="/wiki/Alloy" title="Alloy">alloys</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Britannia_silver" title="Britannia silver">Britannia silver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colored_gold" title="Colored gold">Colored gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_gold" title="Crown gold">Crown gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrum" title="Electrum">Electrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakud%C5%8D" title="Shakudō">Shakudō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibuichi" title="Shibuichi">Shibuichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_silver" title="Sterling silver">Sterling silver</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentium_sterling_silver" title="Argentium sterling silver">Argentium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumbaga" title="Tumbaga">Tumbaga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Base_metal" title="Base metal">Base metals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">Brass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">Bronze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">Copper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mokume-gane" title="Mokume-gane">Mokume-gane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nickel_silver" title="Nickel silver">Nickel silver (alpacca)</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Niobium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pewter" title="Pewter">Pewter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinchbeck_(alloy)" title="Pinchbeck (alloy)">Pinchbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stainless_steel" title="Stainless steel">Stainless steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Titanium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">Tungsten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mineral <a href="/wiki/Gemstone" title="Gemstone">gemstones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Agate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonite" title="Amazonite">Amazonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amethyst" title="Amethyst">Amethyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aventurine" title="Aventurine">Aventurine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beryl" title="Beryl">Beryl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Red_beryl" title="Red beryl">red</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnelian" title="Carnelian">Carnelian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysoberyl" title="Chrysoberyl">Chrysoberyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysocolla" title="Chrysocolla">Chrysocolla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond" title="Diamond">Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diopside" title="Diopside">Diopside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald" title="Emerald">Emerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorite" title="Fluorite">Fluorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garnet" title="Garnet">Garnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howlite" title="Howlite">Howlite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jade" title="Jade">Jade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper" title="Jasper">Jasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyanite" title="Kyanite">Kyanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labradorite" title="Labradorite">Labradorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapis_lazuli" title="Lapis lazuli">Lapis lazuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larimar" title="Larimar">Larimar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malachite" title="Malachite">Malachite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcasite_jewellery" title="Marcasite jewellery">Marcasite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonstone_(gemstone)" title="Moonstone (gemstone)">Moonstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obsidian" title="Obsidian">Obsidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onyx" title="Onyx">Onyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opal" title="Opal">Opal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peridot" title="Peridot">Peridot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prasiolite" title="Prasiolite">Prasiolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartz" title="Quartz">Quartz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Smoky_quartz" title="Smoky quartz">smoky</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby">Ruby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapphire" title="Sapphire">Sapphire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodalite" title="Sodalite">Sodalite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinel" title="Spinel">Spinel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunstone" title="Sunstone">Sunstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanite" title="Tanzanite">Tanzanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger%27s_eye" title="Tiger's eye">Tiger's eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topaz" title="Topaz">Topaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourmaline" title="Tourmaline">Tourmaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turquoise" title="Turquoise">Turquoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variscite" title="Variscite">Variscite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zircon" title="Zircon">Zircon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organic gemstones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abalone" title="Abalone">Abalone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amber" title="Amber">Amber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammolite" title="Ammolite">Ammolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copal" title="Copal">Copal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coral" title="Coral">Coral</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_coral" title="Black coral">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precious_coral" title="Precious coral">Precious</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory" title="Ivory">Ivory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jet_(gemstone)" title="Jet (gemstone)">Jet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacre" title="Nacre">Nacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operculum_(gastropod)" title="Operculum (gastropod)">Operculum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl" title="Pearl">Pearl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortoiseshell" title="Tortoiseshell">Tortoiseshell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other natural objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bezoar" title="Bezoar">Bezoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bog-wood" title="Bog-wood">Bog-wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebonite" title="Ebonite">Ebonite (vulcanite)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gutta-percha" title="Gutta-percha">Gutta-percha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_jewellery" class="mw-redirect" title="Hair jewellery">Hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_jewelry" title="Shell jewelry">Shell</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spondylus" title="Spondylus">Spondylus shell</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toadstone" title="Toadstone">Toadstone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_jewelry" title="Art jewelry">Art jewelry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carat_(mass)" title="Carat (mass)">Carat</a> (mass)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fineness#Carat" title="Fineness">Carat</a> (purity)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finding_(jewelcrafting)" title="Finding (jewelcrafting)">Finding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fineness" title="Fineness">Fineness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>Related topics</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Body_piercing" title="Body piercing">Body piercing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fashion" title="Fashion">Fashion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gemology" title="Gemology">Gemology</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Metalworking" title="Metalworking">Metalworking</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Phaleristics" title="Phaleristics">Phaleristics</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wearable_art" title="Wearable art">Wearable art</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123314#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123314#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123314#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/800111/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Achat"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4206226-3">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85002057">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01166276">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="achát"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph618947&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007293819105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=42513">Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agate&oldid=1254048492">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agate&oldid=1254048492</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Agates" title="Category:Agates">Agates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gemstones" title="Category:Gemstones">Gemstones</a></li><li><a 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