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id="toc-Survival_and_use_in_Croatia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Survival_and_use_in_Croatia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Survival and use in Croatia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Survival_and_use_in_Croatia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decline_in_Croatia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decline_in_Croatia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Decline in Croatia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decline_in_Croatia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_debates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_debates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Academic debates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academic_debates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Versions_of_authorship_and_name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versions_of_authorship_and_name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Versions of authorship and name</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Versions_of_authorship_and_name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Characteristics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unicode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unicode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Unicode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unicode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pre-Glagolitic_Slavic_writing_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-Glagolitic_Slavic_writing_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Pre-Glagolitic Slavic writing systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-Glagolitic_Slavic_writing_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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Available in 62 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolitiese_alfabet" title="Glagolitiese alfabet – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Glagolitiese alfabet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="أبجدية غلاغوليتسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أبجدية غلاغوليتسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetu_glagol%C3%ADticu" title="Alfabetu glagolíticu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Alfabetu glagolíticu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Глаголіца – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Глаголіца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Глаголіца – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Глаголіца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Глаголица – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Глаголица" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagoljica" title="Glagoljica – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Glagoljica" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lizherenneg_c%27hlagolitek" title="Lizherenneg c'hlagolitek – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lizherenneg c'hlagolitek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagol%C3%ADtic" title="Glagolític – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Glagolític" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Глаголица – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Глаголица" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlaholice" title="Hlaholice – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hlaholice" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_glagolitiske_alfabet" title="Det glagolitiske alfabet – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Det glagolitiske alfabet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolitische_Schrift" title="Glagolitische Schrift – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Glagolitische Schrift" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolica" title="Glagolica – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Glagolica" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagoolitsa" title="Glagoolitsa – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Glagoolitsa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%B2%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%BF" title="Γλαγολιτικό αλφάβητο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλαγολιτικό αλφάβητο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_glagol%C3%ADtico" title="Alfabeto glagolítico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alfabeto glagolítico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolico" title="Glagolico – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Glagolico" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_glagolitiko" title="Alfabeto glagolitiko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alfabeto glagolitiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="الفبای گلاگولیتی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الفبای گلاگولیتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabet_glagolitique" title="Alphabet glagolitique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alphabet glagolitique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_glagol%C3%ADtico" title="Alfabeto glagolítico – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alfabeto glagolítico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%80%EB%9D%BC%EA%B3%A8_%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90" title="글라골 문자 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="글라골 문자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolica" title="Glagolica – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Glagolica" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagoljica" title="Glagoljica – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Glagoljica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabet_Glagol" title="Alfabet Glagol – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alfabet Glagol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_glagolitico" title="Alfabeto glagolitico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alfabeto glagolitico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99" title="אלפבית גלגוליטי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלפבית גלגוליטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%90" title="გლაგოლიცა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გლაგოლიცა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Глаголица – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Глаголица" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Глаголица – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Глаголица" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abecedarium_Glagoliticum" title="Abecedarium Glagoliticum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Abecedarium Glagoliticum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolica" title="Glagolica – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Glagolica" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolica" title="Glagolica – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Glagolica" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeta_glagolitica" title="Alfabeta glagolitica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Alfabeta glagolitica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolita_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Glagolita ábécé – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Glagolita ábécé" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Глаголица – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Глаголица" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksara_Glagol" title="Aksara Glagol – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aksara Glagol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolitisch_alfabet" title="Glagolitisch alfabet – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Glagolitisch alfabet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AB%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="グラゴル文字 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グラゴル文字" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Глаголица – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Глаголица" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolitisk_skraft" title="Glagolitisk skraft – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Glagolitisk skraft" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_glagolittiske_alfabetet" title="Det glagolittiske alfabetet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det glagolittiske alfabetet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabet_glagolitike" title="Alfabet glagolitike – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Alfabet glagolitike" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C5%82agolica" title="Głagolica – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Głagolica" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_glagol%C3%ADtico" title="Alfabeto glagolítico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alfabeto glagolítico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetul_glagolitic" title="Alfabetul glagolitic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alfabetul glagolitic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Глаголица – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Глаголица" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlaholika" title="Hlaholika – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hlaholika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolica" title="Glagolica – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Glagolica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%B7%D1%80%D1%97%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Кѷрїлловица – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Кѷрїлловица" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C5%82agolica" title="Głagolica – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Głagolica" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%99%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Глагољица – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Глагољица" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagoljica" title="Glagoljica – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Glagoljica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagoliittinen_kirjaimisto" title="Glagoliittinen kirjaimisto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Glagoliittinen kirjaimisto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolitiska_alfabetet" title="Glagolitiska alfabetet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Glagolitiska alfabetet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรกลาโกลิติก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อักษรกลาโกลิติก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagol_alfabesi" title="Glagol alfabesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Glagol alfabesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8F" title="Глаголиця – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Глаголиця" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%93%A5%E9%87%8C%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="格拉哥里字母 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="格拉哥里字母" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%93%A5%E9%87%8C%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="格拉哥里字母 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="格拉哥里字母" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%93%A5%E9%87%8C%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="格拉哥里字母 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Oldest known Slavic alphabet</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding:0.25em; background:lightblue;">Glagolitic<br /><div style="font-weight:normal"></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-top:0.4em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_script.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Glagolitic_script.svg/220px-Glagolitic_script.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Glagolitic_script.svg/330px-Glagolitic_script.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Glagolitic_script.svg/440px-Glagolitic_script.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="1144" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><small>Samples of text from "<a href="/wiki/Kiev_Missal" title="Kiev Missal">Kiev Missal</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Reims_Gospel" title="Reims Gospel">Reims Gospel</a>"</small></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Script type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">Alphabet</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Creator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Saints_Cyril_and_Methodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Saints Cyril and Methodius">Saint Cyril of Thessalonica</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Time period</div></th><td class="infobox-data">862/863 to the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> (survival in Croatia <a href="#Decline_in_Croatia">into the 19th century</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Direction</th><td class="infobox-data">Left-to-right <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145625?uselang=en#P1406" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine Greek">Byzantine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic" title="Old Church Slavonic">Old Church Slavonic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Church_Slavonic" title="Church Slavonic">local recensions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chakavian" title="Chakavian">Chakavian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Littoral_dialect_group" title="Littoral dialect group">Littoral Slovene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Czech" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Czech">Old Czech</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_Slovene_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old Slovene language (page does not exist)">Old Slovene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Slovak" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Slovak">Old Slovak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Croatian_recension_of_Old_Church_Slavonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian recension of Old Church Slavonic">Old Croat</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Related scripts</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent systems</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding-top:0.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs" title="Egyptian hieroglyphs">Egyptian hieroglyphs</a><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Sinaitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Sinaitic">Proto-Sinaitic</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet" title="Phoenician alphabet">Phoenician</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li>Glagolitic</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">ISO 15924</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_15924" title="ISO 15924">ISO 15924</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">Glag</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">(225)</span>, Glagolitic</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Unicode alias</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Glagolitic</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Unicode_range" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicode range">Unicode range</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2C00.pdf">U+2C00–U+2C5F</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">Glagolitic</span></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1E000.pdf">U+1E000–U+1E02F</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">Glag. Supplement</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="text-align:left; background:#eee;"><span style="font-size:90%"> This article contains <b><a href="/wiki/Phonetic_transcription" title="Phonetic transcription">phonetic transcriptions</a> in the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> (IPA)</b>. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>. For the distinction between <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> and ⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"> </span>⟩, see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters</a>.</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1092331828">@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .contains-special-characters{width:22em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right contains-special-characters noprint selfref"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GlagoliticSlovo%E2%B0%94.svg/31px-GlagoliticSlovo%E2%B0%94.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GlagoliticSlovo%E2%B0%94.svg/46px-GlagoliticSlovo%E2%B0%94.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GlagoliticSlovo%E2%B0%94.svg/62px-GlagoliticSlovo%E2%B0%94.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="663" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This article contains <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Glagolitic</a> text.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a> instead of letters.</div></div> </div> <style 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1116488514"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks abchis-body"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_alphabet" title="History of the alphabet">History of the alphabet</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><span style="text-decoration-color:gray; text-decoration-line:line-through;"><i><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs" title="Egyptian hieroglyphs">Egyptian hieroglyphs</a></i></span> 32nd <abbr title="century">c.</abbr> BCE <ul><li><span style="text-decoration-color:gray; text-decoration-line:line-through;"><i><a href="/wiki/Hieratic" title="Hieratic">Hieratic</a></i></span> 32nd c. BCE <ul><li><span style="text-decoration-color:gray; text-decoration-line:line-through;"><i><a href="/wiki/Demotic_(Egyptian)" title="Demotic (Egyptian)">Demotic</a></i></span> 7th c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meroitic_script" title="Meroitic script">Meroitic</a> 3rd c. BCE</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><span style="text-decoration-color:gray; text-decoration-line:line-through;"><i><a href="/wiki/Proto-Sinaitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Sinaitic">Proto-Sinaitic</a></i></span> 19th c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ugaritic_alphabet" title="Ugaritic alphabet">Ugaritic</a> 15th c. BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_South_Arabian_script" title="Ancient South Arabian script">Ancient South Arabian</a> 9th c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ge%CA%BDez_script" title="Geʽez script">Geʽez</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 5th c. BCE</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet" title="Phoenician alphabet">Phoenician</a> 12th c. BCE <ul><li>(<span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference selfref">see <a href="#tp-abchistory-phx">below</a></span>)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a> 1443</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaana" title="Thaana">Thaana</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1601</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adlam_script" title="Adlam script">Adlam</a> 1989</li></ul> </div> <hr /> <div class="treeview"><span class="anchor" id="tp-abchistory-phx"></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet" title="Phoenician alphabet">Phoenician</a> 12th c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleo-Hebrew">Paleo-Hebrew</a> 10th c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samaritan_script" title="Samaritan script">Samaritan</a> 6th c. BCE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aramaic_alphabet" title="Aramaic alphabet">Aramaic</a> 8th c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kharosthi" title="Kharosthi">Kharosthi</a> 3rd c. BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmi" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmi">Brahmi</a> 3rd c. BCE <ul><li>(<i><a href="/wiki/Brahmic_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmic family">Brahmic</a></i>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pallava_script" title="Pallava script">Pallava</a> 4th century <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cham_script" title="Cham script">Cham</a> 4th century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhives_Akuru" title="Dhives Akuru">Dhives Akuru</a> 6th century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_script" title="Khmer script">Khmer</a> 611</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_script" title="Tibetan script">Tibetan</a> 7th century <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BCPhags-pa" class="mw-redirect" title="ʼPhags-pa">ʼPhags-pa</a> 1269</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> 10th century <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aboriginal_syllabics" title="Canadian Aboriginal syllabics">Canadian Aboriginal</a> 1840</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_alphabet" title="Hebrew alphabet">Hebrew</a> 3rd c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Neo-Aramaic#Square_Aramaic_Alphabet" title="Western Neo-Aramaic">Square Aramaic</a> 2007</li></ul></li> <li><span style="text-decoration-color:gray; text-decoration-line:line-through;"><i><a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_scripts" title="Pahlavi scripts">Pahlavi</a></i></span> 3rd c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avestan_alphabet" title="Avestan alphabet">Avestan</a> 4th century</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyrene_alphabet" title="Palmyrene alphabet">Palmyrene</a> 2nd c. BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabataean_script" title="Nabataean script">Nabataean</a> 2nd c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_alphabet" title="Arabic alphabet">Arabic</a> 4th century <ul><li><a href="/wiki/N%27Ko_script" title="N'Ko script">N'Ko</a> 1949</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet" title="Syriac alphabet">Syriac</a> 2nd c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sogdian_alphabet" title="Sogdian alphabet">Sogdian</a> 2nd c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Turkic_script" title="Old Turkic script">Old Turkic</a> 6th century <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Hungarian_script" title="Old Hungarian script">Old Hungarian</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 650</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Uyghur_alphabet" title="Old Uyghur alphabet">Old Uyghur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_script" title="Mongolian script">Mongolian</a> 1204</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaic_alphabet" title="Mandaic alphabet">Mandaic</a> 2nd century</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek</a> 8th c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Italic_scripts" title="Old Italic scripts">Etruscan</a> 8th c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_alphabet" title="Latin alphabet">Latin</a> 7th c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deseret_alphabet" title="Deseret alphabet">Deseret</a> 1854</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Algonquian_syllabics" title="Great Lakes Algonquian syllabics">Great Lakes Algonquian</a> 19th century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackfoot_language#Syllabic_writing_system" title="Blackfoot language">Blackfoot</a> 1888</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraser_script" title="Fraser script">Fraser</a> 1915</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saanich_dialect#Writing_system" title="Saanich dialect">Saanich</a> 1978</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_script" title="Osage script">Osage</a> 2006</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runic" class="mw-redirect" title="Runic">Runic</a> 2nd century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">Ogham</a> 4th century</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycian_alphabet" title="Lycian alphabet">Lycian</a> 5th c. BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic alphabet">Coptic</a> 3rd century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_alphabet" title="Gothic alphabet">Gothic</a> 3rd century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_alphabet" title="Armenian alphabet">Armenian</a> 405 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Albanian_script" title="Caucasian Albanian script">Caucasian Albanian</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 420</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_scripts" title="Georgian scripts">Georgian</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 430</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Glagolitic">Glagolitic</a> 862</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic">Cyrillic</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 940</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Permic" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Permic">Old Permic</a> 1372</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyco-Berber" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyco-Berber">Libyco-Berber</a> 10th c. BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a> 4th century <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh#Neo-Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Neo-Tifinagh</a> 1970</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleohispanic_scripts" title="Paleohispanic scripts">Paleohispanic</a> 7th c. BCE</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kodex.Zograf.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Kodex.Zograf.JPG/220px-Kodex.Zograf.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Kodex.Zograf.JPG/330px-Kodex.Zograf.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Kodex.Zograf.JPG/440px-Kodex.Zograf.JPG 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>A page from the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Zographensis" title="Codex Zographensis">Zograf Codex</a> with text of the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Gospel of Luke</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Glagolitic script</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">GLAG</span>-ə-<span style="font-size:90%">LIT</span>-ik</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-dictionary_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dictionary-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1113239643">.mw-parser-output .script-Cyrs{font-family:"Ponomar Unicode","Ponomar Unicode TT","Acathist","Triodion Unicode","Menaion Unicode","Menaion Unicode TT","Shafarik","Fedorovsk Unicode","Fedorovsk Unicode TT","Monomakh Unicode","Monomakh Unicode TT","Vilnius",BukyVede,"Kliment Std","RomanCyrillic Std","Monomachus","Old Standard","Old Standard TT",Dilyana,Menaion,"Menaion Medieval",Lazov,Code2000,"DejaVu Sans","DejaVu Serif",Code2001,"FreeSerif","TITUS Cyberbit Basic","Charis SIL","Doulos SIL","Chrysanthi Unicode","Bitstream Cyberbit","Bitstream CyberBase",Thryomanes,"Lucida Grande","FreeSans","Arial Unicode MS","Microsoft Sans Serif","Lucida Sans Unicode"}.mw-parser-output .script-Glag{font-family:Shafarik,"Menaion Unicode TT","Menaion Unicode",Vikidemia,Bukyvede,FreeSerif,Ja,Unicode5,"TITUS Cyberbit Basic","Noto Sans Glagolitic","Segoe UI Historic","Segoe UI Symbol"}</style><span class="script-Glag">ⰳⰾⰰⰳⱁⰾⰻⱌⰰ</span>, <i>glagolitsa</i>) is the oldest known Slavic <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">alphabet</a>. It is generally agreed that it was created in the 9th century for the purpose of translating liturgical texts into <a href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic" title="Old Church Slavonic">Old Church Slavonic</a> by <a href="/wiki/Saints_Cyril_and_Methodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Saints Cyril and Methodius">Saint Cyril</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">monk</a> from <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessalonica</a>. He and his brother <a href="/wiki/Saint_Methodius_of_Thessaloniki" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Methodius of Thessaloniki">Saint Methodius</a> were sent by the Byzantine Emperor <a href="/wiki/Michael_III" title="Michael III">Michael III</a> in 863 to <a href="/wiki/Great_Moravia" title="Great Moravia">Great Moravia</a> to spread Christianity there. After the deaths of Cyril and Methodius, their disciples were expelled and they moved to the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a> instead. The <a href="/wiki/Early_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Early Cyrillic alphabet">Early Cyrillic alphabet</a>, which developed gradually in the <a href="/wiki/Preslav_Literary_School" title="Preslav Literary School">Preslav Literary School</a> by <a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek alphabet</a> scribes who incorporated some Glagolitic letters, gradually replaced Glagolitic in that region. Glagolitic remained in use alongside Latin in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(925%E2%80%931102)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)">Kingdom of Croatia</a> and alongside Cyrillic until the 14th century in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Second Bulgarian Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Empire" title="Serbian Empire">Serbian Empire</a>, and later mainly for <a href="/wiki/Cryptography" title="Cryptography">cryptographic</a> purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-Miltenov_2021_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miltenov_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Glagolitic also spread to the <a href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Kingdom of Bohemia</a>, though its use declined there in the 12th century, although some manuscripts in the territory of the former retained Glagolitic inclusions for centuries. It had also spread to <a href="/wiki/Duklja" title="Duklja">Duklja</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zachlumia" title="Zachlumia">Zachlumia</a>, from which it reached the <a href="/wiki/March_of_Verona" title="March of Verona">March of Verona</a> where the <a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a> afforded it refuge from the opposition of <a href="/wiki/Latin_liturgical_rites" title="Latin liturgical rites">Latin rite</a> prelates, and allowed it to entrench itself in <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a>, spreading from there to nearby lands.<sup id="cite_ref-Fučić_1981_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fučić_1981-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gau_and_Miklas_2000_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gau_and_Miklas_2000-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tomović_2005_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tomović_2005-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It survived there and as far south as <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a> without interruption into the 20th century for <a href="/wiki/Church_Slavonic" title="Church Slavonic">Church Slavonic</a> in addition to its use as a secular script in parts of its range, which at times extended into <a href="/wiki/Bosnia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnia">Bosnia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slavonia" title="Slavonia">Slavonia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Carniola" title="Carniola">Carniola</a>, in addition to 14th-15th century exclaves in <a href="/wiki/Emmaus_Monastery" title="Emmaus Monastery">Prague</a> and <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>, and a 16th-century exclave in <a href="/wiki/Putna_Monastery" title="Putna Monastery">Putna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miltenov_2009_en_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miltenov_2009_en-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its authorship by Cyril was forgotten, having been replaced with an attribution to <a href="/wiki/St._Jerome" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Jerome">St. Jerome</a> by the early <a href="/wiki/Benedictine" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedictine">Benedictine</a> adopters of Istria in a bid to secure the approval of the papacy. The bid was ultimately successful, though sporadic restrictions and repressions from individual bishops continued even after its official recognition by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_IV" title="Pope Innocent IV">Pope Innocent IV</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jelić_1906_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jelić_1906-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These had little effect on the vitality of the script, which evolved from its original <b>Rounded Glagolitic</b> form into an <b><a href="/wiki/Angular_Glagolitic" title="Angular Glagolitic">Angular Glagolitic</a></b> form, in addition to a cursive form developed for <a href="/wiki/Civil_law_notary" title="Civil law notary">notary</a> purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-Žagar_2013_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Žagar_2013-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>But the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_wars_in_Europe" title="Ottoman wars in Europe">Ottoman conquests</a> left the script without most of its continental population, and as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Counter-Reformation</a> its use was restricted in Istria and the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Zagreb" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Zagreb">Diocese of Zagreb</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Jelić_1906_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jelić_1906-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Strohal_1915_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strohal_1915-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the only active printing press with a Glagolitic type was confiscated,<sup id="cite_ref-Jembrih_2007_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jembrih_2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> leading to a shift towards <a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latinic</a> and Cyrillic literacy when coupled with the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Tridentine</a> requirement that priests be educated at seminaries. The result was its gradual death as a written script in most of its continental range, but also the unusually late survival of medieval <a href="/wiki/Scribe" title="Scribe">scribal tradition</a> for the reproduction of Glagolitic texts in isolated areas like the island of <a href="/wiki/Krk" title="Krk">Krk</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Zadar_Archipelago" title="Zadar Archipelago">Zadar Archipelago</a>. Although the <a href="/wiki/Pontificio_Collegio_Urbano_de_Propaganda_Fide" title="Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide">Propaganda Fide</a> would eventually resume printing Glagolitic books, very few titles were published, so the majority of Glagolitic literary works continued to be written and copied by hand well into the 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Bolonić_1980a_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bolonić_1980a-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 9">: 9 </span></sup> Of the major European scripts, only the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Arabic script</a> is comparable in this regard. </p><p>In the early 19th century, the policies of the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a> left the script without legal status and its last remaining centers of education were abolished, concurrent with the weakening of the script in the few remaining seminaries that used the cursive form in instruction, resulting in a rapid decline.<sup id="cite_ref-Bolonić_1980b_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bolonić_1980b-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But when the <a href="/wiki/Slavic_studies" title="Slavic studies">Slavicists</a> discovered the script and established it as the original script devised by Cyril, Glagolitic gained new niche applications in certain intellectual circles, while a small number of priests fought to keep its liturgical use alive, encountering difficulties but eventually succeeding to the point that its area <i>expanded</i> in the early 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Prodan_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prodan-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Okey_1992_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okey_1992-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Latinic translations and transliterations of the matter of the missal in this period led to its decline in the decades before <a href="/wiki/Vatican_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican II">Vatican II</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Pavlinović_1913_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pavlinović_1913-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Vajs_1927_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vajs_1927-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose promulgation of the vernacular had the effect of confining regular use of Glagolitic to a few monasteries and academic institutions, in addition to a small population of enthusiasts, whose numbers grew and shrank with the prevalence of the script in literature, but grew exponentially in pious and <a href="/wiki/Croatian_nationalism" title="Croatian nationalism">nationalist</a> circles in the years leading up to and following <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Croatia" title="Independence of Croatia">Independence of Croatia</a>, and again more broadly with the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name_and_etymology">Name and etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name and etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <i>glagolitic</i> comes from <a href="/wiki/Neo-Latin" title="Neo-Latin">Neo-Latin</a> <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">glagoliticus</i></span> and <a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a> <span title="Croatian-language text"><i lang="hr">glagoljica</i></span>, from <a href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic" title="Old Church Slavonic">Old Church Slavonic</a> <span title="Church Slavonic-language text"><span lang="cu">ⰳⰾⰰⰳⱁⰾⱏ</span></span> (<i>glagolŭ</i>), meaning "utterance" or "word".<sup id="cite_ref-dictionary_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dictionary-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name <i>glagolitsa</i> is speculated to have developed in <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, around the 14th century, and was derived from the word <i>glagoljati</i>, literally "verb (<i>glagol</i>) using (<i>jati</i>)", meaning to say <a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a> in Old Church Slavonic liturgy.<sup id="cite_ref-CorbettComrie2003_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CorbettComrie2003-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the languages now spoken in the places where Glagolitic script was once used,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the script is known as <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">глаголица</span></span> (romanized as <i>glagolitsa</i> or <i>glagolica</i>, depending on which language) in <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>; <span title="Croatian-language text"><i lang="hr">glagoljica</i></span> (глагољица) in <a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>; <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">глаголиця</span></span> (<i>hlaholytsia</i>) in <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>; <span title="Belarusian-language text"><span lang="be">глаголіца</span></span> (<i>hlaholitsa</i>) in <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_language" title="Belarusian language">Belarusian</a>; <span title="Czech-language text"><i lang="cs">hlaholice</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>; <span title="Slovak-language text"><i lang="sk">hlaholika</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Slovak_language" title="Slovak language">Slovak</a>; <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">głagolica</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>; and <span title="Slovene-language text"><i lang="sl">glagolica</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sorbian_languages" title="Sorbian languages">Sorbian</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bascanska_ploca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bascanska_ploca.jpg/200px-Bascanska_ploca.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bascanska_ploca.jpg/300px-Bascanska_ploca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bascanska_ploca.jpg/400px-Bascanska_ploca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="509" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%A1ka_tablet" title="Baška tablet">Baška tablet</a>, found in the 19th century on <a href="/wiki/Krk" title="Krk">Krk</a>, conventionally dated to about 1100<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ZographensisColour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/ZographensisColour.jpg/200px-ZographensisColour.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/ZographensisColour.jpg/300px-ZographensisColour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/ZographensisColour.jpg/400px-ZographensisColour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="883" /></a><figcaption>The first page of the Gospel of Mark from the 10th–11th century <i><a href="/wiki/Codex_Zographensis" title="Codex Zographensis">Codex Zographensis</a></i>, found in the <a href="/wiki/Zograf_Monastery" title="Zograf Monastery">Zograf Monastery</a> in 1843</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ZografskiyKodeks.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/ZografskiyKodeks.png/200px-ZografskiyKodeks.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/ZografskiyKodeks.png/300px-ZografskiyKodeks.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/ZografskiyKodeks.png/400px-ZografskiyKodeks.png 2x" data-file-width="415" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption>The first page of the Gospel of John from the <i>Codex Zographensis</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Angelo_Rocca_Glagolitic_Alphabet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Angelo_Rocca_Glagolitic_Alphabet.jpg/200px-Angelo_Rocca_Glagolitic_Alphabet.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Angelo_Rocca_Glagolitic_Alphabet.jpg/300px-Angelo_Rocca_Glagolitic_Alphabet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Angelo_Rocca_Glagolitic_Alphabet.jpg/400px-Angelo_Rocca_Glagolitic_Alphabet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="552" /></a><figcaption>In a book printed in 1591, <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Rocca" title="Angelo Rocca">Angelo Rocca</a> attributed the Glagolitic script to Saint Jerome.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Omi%C5%A1alj_Baptismal_Register.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Omi%C5%A1alj_Baptismal_Register.png/200px-Omi%C5%A1alj_Baptismal_Register.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Omi%C5%A1alj_Baptismal_Register.png/300px-Omi%C5%A1alj_Baptismal_Register.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Omi%C5%A1alj_Baptismal_Register.png/400px-Omi%C5%A1alj_Baptismal_Register.png 2x" data-file-width="1069" data-file-height="412" /></a><figcaption>The final Glagolitic entry in the <a href="/wiki/Omi%C5%A1alj" title="Omišalj">Omišalj</a> parish's baptismal register, by the cleric Nicholas in 1817</figcaption></figure> <p>The creation of the characters is popularly attributed to <a href="/wiki/Saints_Cyril_and_Methodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Saints Cyril and Methodius">Saints Cyril and Methodius</a>, who may have created them to facilitate the introduction of Christianity.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Florin_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Florin-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is believed that the original letters were fitted to Slavic dialects in geographical <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a> specifically (the Byzantine <a href="/wiki/Thessalonica_(theme)" title="Thessalonica (theme)">theme of Thessalonica</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Florin_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Florin-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cubberley_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cubberley-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The words of that language could not be easily written by using either the Greek or Latin alphabets.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The number of letters in the original Glagolitic alphabet is not known, but it may have been close to its presumed Greek model. The 41 letters known today include letters for non-Greek sounds, which may have been added by Saint Cyril, as well as <a href="/wiki/Typographic_ligature" class="mw-redirect" title="Typographic ligature">ligatures</a> added in the 12th century under the influence of <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic">Cyrillic</a>, as Glagolitic lost its dominance.<sup id="cite_ref-Cubberley_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cubberley-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In later centuries, the number of letters dropped dramatically, to fewer than 30 in modern Croatian and Czech recensions of the Church Slavic language. Twenty-four of the 41 original Glagolitic letters (see table below) probably derive from graphemes of the medieval cursive <a href="/wiki/Greek_minuscule" title="Greek minuscule">Greek small alphabet</a> but have been given an <a href="/wiki/Ornament_(art)" title="Ornament (art)">ornamental</a> design.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The source of the other consonantal letters is unknown. If they were added by Cyril, it is likely that they were taken from an alphabet used for Christian scripture. It is frequently proposed that the letters <i>sha</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱎ</span>, <i>tsi</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱌ</span>, and <i>cherv</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱍ</span> were taken from the letters <i><a href="/wiki/Shin_(letter)" title="Shin (letter)">shin</a></i> ש and <i><a href="/wiki/Tsadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsadi">tsadi</a></i> צ of the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_alphabet" title="Hebrew alphabet">Hebrew alphabet</a>, and that Ⰶ <i>zhivete</i> derives from <a href="/wiki/Coptic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic alphabet">Coptic</a> <i>janja</i> Ϫ.<sup id="cite_ref-Cubberley_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cubberley-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However, Cubberley<sup id="cite_ref-Cubberley_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cubberley-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> suggests that if a single prototype were presumed, the most likely source would be <a href="/wiki/Armenian_alphabet" title="Armenian alphabet">Armenian</a>. Other proposals include the <a href="/wiki/Samaritan_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Samaritan alphabet">Samaritan alphabet</a>, which Cyril learned during his journey to the <a href="/wiki/Khazars" title="Khazars">Khazars</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cherson_(theme)" title="Cherson (theme)">Cherson</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>For writing numbers, the <a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_numerals" title="Glagolitic numerals">Glagolitic numerals</a> use letters with a numerical value assigned to each based on their native alphabetic order. This differs from <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_numerals" title="Cyrillic numerals">Cyrillic numerals</a>, which inherited their numeric value from the corresponding Greek letter (see <a href="/wiki/Greek_numerals" title="Greek numerals">Greek numerals</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Chrisomalis2010_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chrisomalis2010-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The two brothers from <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a>, who were later canonized as Saints Cyril and Methodius, were sent to <a href="/wiki/Great_Moravia" title="Great Moravia">Great Moravia</a> in 862 by the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine emperor">Byzantine emperor</a> at the request of Prince <a href="/wiki/Rastislav_of_Moravia" title="Rastislav of Moravia">Rastislav</a>, who wanted to weaken the dependence of his country on <a href="/wiki/East_Francia" title="East Francia">East Frankish</a> priests. The Glagolitic alphabet, however it originated, was used between 863 and 885 for government and religious documents and books and at the Great Moravian Academy (<i>Veľkomoravské učilište</i>) founded by the missionaries, where their followers were educated. The <a href="/wiki/Kiev_Missal" title="Kiev Missal">Kiev Missal</a>, found in the 19th century in Jerusalem, was dated to the 10th century.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 885, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Stephen_V" title="Pope Stephen V">Pope Stephen V</a> issued a <a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">papal bull</a> to restrict spreading and reading Christian services in languages other than Latin or Greek. Around the same time, <a href="/wiki/Svatopluk_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Svatopluk I">Svatopluk I</a>, following the interests of the <a href="/wiki/Frankish_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankish Empire">Frankish Empire</a> and its clergy, persecuted the students of Cyril and Methodius, imprisoned and expelled them from <a href="/wiki/Great_Moravia" title="Great Moravia">Great Moravia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-binns_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-binns-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 886, an East Frankish bishop of <a href="/wiki/Nitra" title="Nitra">Nitra</a> named <a href="/wiki/Wiching" title="Wiching">Wiching</a> banned the script and jailed 200 followers of Methodius, mostly students of the original academy. They were then dispersed or, according to some sources, sold as slaves by the Franks. However, many of them, including Saints <a href="/wiki/Naum_of_Preslav" class="mw-redirect" title="Naum of Preslav">Naum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Ohrid" title="Clement of Ohrid">Clement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Angelar" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Angelar">Angelar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Sava_(disciple_of_Saints_Cyril_and_Methodius)" title="Saint Sava (disciple of Saints Cyril and Methodius)">Sava</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Gorazd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Gorazd (page does not exist)">Gorazd</a>, reached the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a> and were commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Boris_I_of_Bulgaria" title="Boris I of Bulgaria">Boris I of Bulgaria</a> to teach and instruct the future clergy of the state in the <a href="/wiki/Slavic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic language">Slavic language</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Bulgaria" title="Christianization of Bulgaria">adoption of Christianity in Bulgaria</a> in 865, religious ceremonies and <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a> were conducted in <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> by clergy sent from the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>, using the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine rite">Byzantine rite</a>. Fearing growing Byzantine influence and weakening of the state, Boris viewed the introduction of the Slavic alphabet and language into church use as a way to preserve the independence of the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian Empire</a> from Byzantine <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>. As a result of Boris' measures, two academies, one in <a href="/wiki/Ohrid_Literary_School" title="Ohrid Literary School">Ohrid</a> and one in <a href="/wiki/Preslav_Literary_School" title="Preslav Literary School">Preslav</a>, were founded.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spread_of_the_script">Spread of the script</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Spread of the script"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From there, the students travelled to other places and spread the use of their alphabet. Students of the two <a href="/wiki/Equal-to-apostles" title="Equal-to-apostles">apostles</a> who were expelled from Great Moravia in 886, notably <a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Ohrid" title="Clement of Ohrid">Clement of Ohrid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Naum" title="Saint Naum">Saint Naum</a>, brought the Glagolitic alphabet to the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a> on Balkans and were received and accepted officially by <a href="/wiki/Boris_I_of_Bulgaria" title="Boris I of Bulgaria">Boris I of Bulgaria</a>. This led to the establishment of the two literary schools: the <a href="/wiki/Preslav_Literary_School" title="Preslav Literary School">Preslav Literary School</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ohrid_Literary_School" title="Ohrid Literary School">Ohrid Literary School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some went to <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a>), where the squared variant arose and where Glagolitic remained in use for a long time. In 1248, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_IV" title="Pope Innocent IV">Pope Innocent IV</a> granted the Croatians of southern Dalmatia the unique privilege of using their own language and this script in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a> liturgy.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Formally granted to bishop Philip of <a href="/wiki/Senj" title="Senj">Senj</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> permission to use the Glagolitic liturgy (the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a> conducted in the <a href="/wiki/Slavic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic language">Slavic language</a> instead of <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, not the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine rite">Byzantine rite</a>), actually extended to all Croatian lands, mostly along the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Adriatic">Adriatic</a> coast. The <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> had several Glagolitic <a href="/wiki/Missal" title="Missal">missals</a> published in Rome. Authorization for the use of this language was extended to some other Slavic regions between 1886 and 1935.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In missals, the Glagolitic script was eventually replaced with the Latin alphabet, but the use of the <a href="/wiki/Slavic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic language">Slavic language</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a> continued, until replaced by modern vernacular languages.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>At the end of the 9th century, one of these students of Methodius – <a href="/wiki/Saint_Naum" title="Saint Naum">Saint Naum</a>, one of the founders of the <a href="/wiki/Pliska_Literary_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Pliska Literary School">Pliska Literary School</a> (commonly known as the Preslav Literary School, where the Bulgarian capital, along with the school, was transferred to in 893) – is often credited, at least by supporters of <a href="/wiki/Relationship_of_Cyrillic_and_Glagolitic_scripts" title="Relationship of Cyrillic and Glagolitic scripts">glagolitic precedence</a>, for the "creation" or wider adoption of the <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic script</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which almost entirely replaced Glagolitic during the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. The Cyrillic alphabet is derived from the Greek alphabet used at that time, with some additional letters for sounds peculiar to Slavic languages (like ⟨ш⟩, ⟨ц⟩, ⟨ч⟩, ⟨ъ⟩, ⟨ь⟩, ⟨ѣ⟩), likely derived from the Glagolitic alphabet.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decision by a great assembly of notables summoned by Boris in the year 893 in favor of Cyrillic created an alphabetical difference between the two literary centres of the Bulgarian state in Pliska and Ohrid. In the western part the Glagolitic alphabet remained dominant at first. However, subsequently in the next two centuries, mostly after the fall of the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantines</a>, Glagolitic gradually ceased to be used there at all.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, particular passages or words written with the Glagolitic alphabet appeared in Bulgarian Cyrillic manuscripts till the end of the 14th century.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some students of the Ohrid academy went to <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a> where the alphabet was used in the 10th and 11th centuries, along with other scripts. It is not clear whether the Glagolitic alphabet was used in the <a href="/wiki/Jaxa_of_K%C3%B6penick" title="Jaxa of Köpenick">Duchy of Kopnik</a> before the <a href="/wiki/Wendish_Crusade" title="Wendish Crusade">Wendish Crusade</a>, but it was certainly used in <a href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a>. Another use of Glagolitic is presumed in now southern Poland (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Duchy_of_Vistula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duchy of Vistula (page does not exist)">Duchy of Vistula</a>/<a href="/wiki/White_Croats" title="White Croats">White Croats</a> state) and the <a href="/wiki/Ruthenian_Transcarpathia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruthenian Transcarpathia">Transcarpathia</a> region.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Survival_and_use_in_Croatia">Survival and use in Croatia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Survival and use in Croatia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Croatia, from the 12th century, Glagolitic inscriptions appeared mostly in littoral areas: <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a>, Primorje, <a href="/wiki/Kvarner" class="mw-redirect" title="Kvarner">Kvarner</a>, and Kvarner islands, notably <a href="/wiki/Krk" title="Krk">Krk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cres" title="Cres">Cres</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lo%C5%A1inj" title="Lošinj">Lošinj</a>; in Dalmatia, on the islands of Zadar, but there were also findings in inner <a href="/wiki/Lika" title="Lika">Lika</a> and <a href="/wiki/Krbava" title="Krbava">Krbava</a>, reaching to <a href="/wiki/Kupa" title="Kupa">Kupa</a> river, and even as far as <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91imurje" class="mw-redirect" title="Međimurje">Međimurje</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hrvoje%27s_Missal" title="Hrvoje's Missal">Hrvoje's Missal</a></i> from 1404 was illuminated in <a href="/wiki/Split_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Split (city)">Split</a>, and it is considered one of the most beautiful Croatian Glagolitic books. The 1483 <i><a href="/wiki/Missale_Romanum_Glagolitice" title="Missale Romanum Glagolitice">Missale Romanum Glagolitice</a></i> was the first printed Croatian Glagolitic book.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>It was believed that Glagolitsa in Croatia was present only in those areas. But, in 1992, the discovery of Glagolitic inscriptions in churches along the <a href="/wiki/Orljava" title="Orljava">Orljava</a> river in <a href="/wiki/Slavonia" title="Slavonia">Slavonia</a> totally changed the picture (churches in <a href="/wiki/Brodski_Drenovac" title="Brodski Drenovac">Brodski Drenovac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lov%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Lovčić">Lovčić</a>, and some others), showing that use of the Glagolitic alphabet was spread from Slavonia also.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sporadic instances aside, Glagolitic survived beyond the 12th century as a primary script in Croatian lands alone, although from there a brief attempt at reintroduction was made in the <a href="/wiki/West_Slavs" title="West Slavs">West Slavic</a> area in the 14th century through the <a href="/wiki/Emmaus_Monastery" title="Emmaus Monastery">Emmaus Benedictine Monastery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, where it survived well into the 15th century, the last manuscript with Glagolitic script dating to 1450–1452.<sup id="cite_ref-Pacnerova_2008_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pacnerova_2008-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Šmahel_2016_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Šmahel_2016-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its use for special applications continued in some Cyrillic areas, for example in the Bologna Psalter (1230–1241), the Sinodalna 895 Menaion (1260), the RPK 312 Gospel (13th), the Karakallou Epistolary (13th), the NBKM 933 Triodion (13th), the Skopje 1511 Octoechos (13th), the BRAN 4.9.39 Miscellany (13th), the Hilandar Chrysorrhoas (13th/14th), the Mazurin 1698 Pandects (13th/14th), the Sofia Psalter (1337), the SANU 55 Epistolary (1366–1367), the RNB F.п.I.2 Psalter (14th), the Čajniče Gospel (late 14th), the Radosav Miscellany (1444–1461), the Prague NM IX.F.38 Psalter (18th) and in the initials of many manuscripts of the Prophets with Commentary dating to the late 15th and early 16th centuries from <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Moscow" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duchy of Moscow">Muscovy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia" title="Tsardom of Russia">Russia</a>. Most later use in the Cyrillic world was for cryptographic purposes, such as in the Krushedol Miscellany (15th), the RNB F.п.I.48 Prologue (1456), the Piskarev 59 Isaac (1472), the Shchukin 511 Miscellany (1511) and the Hludov Gospel (17th/18th).<sup id="cite_ref-Miltenov_2009_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miltenov_2009-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The early development of the Glagolitic minuscule script alongside the increasingly square majuscule is poorly documented, but a mutual relationship evolved between the two varieties; the majuscule being used primarily for inscriptions and higher liturgical uses, and the minuscule being used in both religious and secular documents. Ignoring the problematic early Slavonian inscriptions, the use of the Glagolitic script at its peak before the <a href="/wiki/Croatian-Ottoman_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian-Ottoman wars">Croatian-Ottoman wars</a> corresponded roughly to the area that spoke the <a href="/wiki/Chakavian" title="Chakavian">Chakavian</a> dialect at the time, in addition to some adjacent <a href="/wiki/Kajkavian" title="Kajkavian">Kajkavian</a> regions within the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Zagreb" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zagreb">Zagreb bishopric</a>. As a result, vernacular impact on the liturgical language and script largely stems from Chakavian sub-dialects, although South Chakavian speakers mostly used Cyrillic, with Glagolitic only in certain parishes as a high liturgical script until a Glagolitic seminary was opened in Split in the 18th century, aside from a period of time in the parish of Kučiće-Vinišće.<sup id="cite_ref-Kovačić_2010_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kovačić_2010-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decline_in_Croatia">Decline in Croatia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Decline in Croatia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 196.26105055051px; border-left-color:cornflowerblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:cornflowerblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:cornflowerblue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 100px; border-left-color:skyblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:skyblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:skyblue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 47.826161647115px; border-left-color:lightCoral"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:lightCoral"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:lightCoral"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 6.922530067942px; border-left-color:powderblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:powderblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:powderblue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:64.705596156944px 76.244251101145px 0 0; border-top-color:salmon"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:salmon"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 190.31049331139px 100px 0; border-right-color:coral"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:coral"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:1.3314055792132px; border-width:0 0 98.668594420787px 16.263716519488px; border-bottom-color:sandybrown"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Bishoprics by size of 16th century Glagolitic inscriptional corpus (in letters). "Other" includes <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Gospi%C4%87-Senj" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Gospić-Senj">Senj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Koper" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Koper">Koper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Novigrad" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Novigrad">Novigrad</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Oto%C4%8Dac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Otočac (page does not exist)">Otočac</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oto%C4%8Da%C4%8Dka_biskupija" class="extiw" title="hr:Otočačka biskupija">hr</a>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Zagreb" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zagreb">Zagreb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Osor" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Osor">Osor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patriarchate_of_Aquileia" title="Patriarchate of Aquileia">Aquileia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Bosnia" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Bosnia">Đakovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Nin" title="Diocese of Nin">Nin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Assisi-Nocera_Umbra-Gualdo_Tadino" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Assisi-Nocera Umbra-Gualdo Tadino">Assisi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Knin" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Knin">Cazin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Arbe" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Arbe">Rab</a>. See <a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_inscriptions_(16th_century)" title="List of Glagolitic inscriptions (16th century)">list</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:sandybrown; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Pore%C4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Poreč">Poreč</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pore%C4%8Dka_biskupija" class="extiw" title="hr:Porečka biskupija">hr</a>]</span> (22.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:coral; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Trieste" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Trieste">Trieste</a> (19.9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:salmon; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Pula" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Pula">Pula</a> (18.9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:powderblue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Krk" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Krk">Krk</a> (14.9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:lightCoral; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Pedena" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Pedena">Pićan</a> (6.0%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:skyblue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Zadar" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zadar">Zadar</a> (5.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:cornflowerblue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diocese_of_Modru%C5%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diocese of Modruš (page does not exist)">Novi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krbavska_biskupija" class="extiw" title="hr:Krbavska biskupija">hr</a>]</span> (5.0%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver; color:black;"> </span> Other (7.5%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Croatian%E2%80%93Ottoman_War" title="Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War">Ottoman Empire's repeated incursions</a> into Croatia in the 15th and 16th centuries posed the first major existential threat to the script's survival. The Counter-Reformation, alongside other factors, led to the suppression of Glagolitic in Istria in the 16th–17th centuries as well as in the Zagreb archdiocese.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Latinisation of the coastal cities and islands took much longer, where the script continued to be used by the notaries of Krk into the first decade of the 19th century,<sup id="cite_ref-Štefanić_1960_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Štefanić_1960-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with education by rural chapters on that island ensuring the survival of the script until well after their abolition by the Napoleon administration in the second decade of the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Bolonić_1976_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bolonić_1976-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Novitiates" class="mw-redirect" title="Novitiates">Novitiates</a> continued to be educated primarily in the Glagolitic script as late as the third decade of the 19th century. But without centres of education, Latin script and Italian rapidly took over, so that very little was written in the script after the third quarter of the 19th century except for ceremonial purposes, and soon very few could read the cursive script apart from a few scholars.<sup id="cite_ref-Kero_2015_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kero_2015-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academic_debates">Academic debates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Academic debates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Relationship_of_Cyrillic_and_Glagolitic_scripts" title="Relationship of Cyrillic and Glagolitic scripts">Relationship of Cyrillic and Glagolitic scripts</a></div> <p>The exact nature of relationship between the Glagolitic alphabet and the <a href="/wiki/Early_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Early Cyrillic alphabet">Early Cyrillic alphabet</a>, their order of development, and influence on each other has been a matter of great study, controversy, and dispute in <a href="/wiki/Slavic_studies" title="Slavic studies">Slavic studies</a> since the 19th century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions_of_authorship_and_name">Versions of authorship and name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Versions of authorship and name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A once common belief was that the Glagolitic was created or used in the 4th century by <a href="/wiki/St._Jerome" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Jerome">St. Jerome</a>, hence the alphabet was sometimes named "Hieronymian".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>It has also <a href="/wiki/Acrophony" title="Acrophony">acrophonically</a> been called <i>azbuka</i> from the names of its first two letters, on the same model as "alpha" + "beta" (the same name can also refer to <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script#Etymology" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic</a> and in some modern languages it simply means "alphabet" in general). The Slavs of <a href="/wiki/Great_Moravia" title="Great Moravia">Great Moravia</a> (present-day <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moravia" title="Moravia">Moravia</a>), <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slavonia" title="Slavonia">Slavonia</a> were called <i>Slověne</i> at that time, which gives rise to the name "Slovenish" for the alphabet. Some other, rarer, names for this alphabet are <i><b>Bukvitsa</b></i> (from common Slavic word "bukva" meaning "letter", and a suffix "-itsa") and "Illyrian" (presumably similar to using the same anachronistic name for the <a href="/wiki/Illyrian_(Slavic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Illyrian (Slavic)">Illyrian (Slavic)</a> language).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the Middle Ages, Glagolitsa was also known as "St. Jerome's script" due to a popular mediaeval legend (created by Croatian scribes in the 13th century) ascribing its invention to <a href="/wiki/St._Jerome" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Jerome">St. Jerome</a> (342–429). The legend was partly based on the saint's place of birth on the border of <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia_(Roman_province)" title="Dalmatia (Roman province)">Dalmatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Pannonia</a>. He was viewed as a "compatriot" and anachronistically as belonging to the same ethnic group; this helped the spread of the cult of the saint in Dalmatia and was later used to support the idea of the presence of Slavic communities in the Eastern Adriatic Coast from ancient times, but the legend was probably firstly introduced for other reasons, like giving a more solid religious justification for the use of this script and Slavic liturgy.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The theory nevertheless gained much popularity and spread to other countries before being resolutely<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (February 2015)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> disproven.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Until the end of the 18th century, a strange but widespread opinion dominated that the Glagolitic writing system, which was in use in Dalmatia and Istria along with neighboring islands, including the translation of the Holy Scripture, owe their existence to the famous church father St. Jerome. Knowing him as the author of the Latin <a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a>, considering him – by his own words, born on the border between Dalmatia and Pannonia (remembering that the Dalmatian borders extended well into Istria at that time) – presumed to be an Illyrian, the self-styled Slavic intellectuals in Dalmatia very early began to ascribe to him the invention of <i>glagolitsa</i>, possibly with the intention of more successfully defending both Slavic writing and the Slavic holy service against prosecutions and prohibitions from Rome's hierarchy, thus using the opinion of the famous Latin Father of the Church to protect their church rituals which were inherited not from the Greeks Cyril and Methodius but unknown. We do not know who was the first to put in motion this unscientifically-based tradition about Jerome's authorship of the Glagolitic script and translation of the Holy Scripture, but in 1248 this version came to the knowledge of Pope Innocent IV. <...> The belief in Jerome as an inventor of the Glagolitic lasted many centuries, not only in his homeland, i.e. in Dalmatia and Croatia, not only in Rome, due to Slavs living there... but also in the West. In the 14th century, Croatian monks brought the legend to the Czechs, and even the Emperor Charles IV believed them.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Jagić, Vatroslav, Glagolitica. Würdigung neuentdeckter Fragmente. Wien, 1890</cite></div></blockquote> <p>The epoch of traditional attribution of the script to Jerome ended probably in 1812.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In modern times, only certain marginal authors share this view, usually "re-discovering" one of the already-known mediaeval sources.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vergleich_Glagolitische_Schrift.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Vergleich_Glagolitische_Schrift.jpg/220px-Vergleich_Glagolitische_Schrift.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Vergleich_Glagolitische_Schrift.jpg/330px-Vergleich_Glagolitische_Schrift.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Vergleich_Glagolitische_Schrift.jpg/440px-Vergleich_Glagolitische_Schrift.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7015" data-file-height="4616" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Lord%27s_Prayer" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lord's Prayer">The Lord's Prayer</a> shown in (from left) round, angular, and cursive versions of Glagolitic script</figcaption></figure> <p>The phonetic values of many of the letters are thought to have been displaced under Cyrillic influence or to have become confused through the early spread to different dialects, so the original values are not always clear. For instance, the letter <i>yu</i> Ⱓ is thought to have perhaps originally had the sound /u/ but was displaced by the adoption of the ligature Ⱆ under the influence of later Cyrillic <i>oѵ</i>, mirroring the Greek <i>ου</i>. Other letters were late creations after a Cyrillic model. It should also be noted that Ⱑ corresponds to two different Cyrillic letters (Ѣ and Я), present even in older manuscripts, and not to different later variants of the same Cyrillic letter in different times or places.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The following table lists each letter in its modern order, showing its Unicode representation, images of the letter in both the round and angular/squared variant forms, the corresponding modern Cyrillic letter, the approximate sound transcribed with the <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">IPA</a>, the name, and suggestions for its origin. The Old Church Slavonic names follow the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_transliteration_of_Cyrillic" title="Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic">scientific transliteration</a>, while the mostly similar Church Slavonic ones follow an approach more familiar to a generic English speaking reader. Several letters have no modern counterpart. The column for the angular variant, sometimes referred to as <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Glagolitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian Glagolitic">Croatian Glagolitic</a>, is not complete as some of the letters were not used following the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_recension_of_Old_Church_Slavonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian recension of Old Church Slavonic">Croatian recension of Old Church Slavonic</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Unicode </th> <th>Round </th> <th>Angular </th> <th>Cyrillic </th> <th>Sound </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic" title="Old Church Slavonic">OCS</a> name </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Church_Slavonic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Church Slavonic language">CS</a> name </th> <th>Meaning </th> <th>Origin proposals </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰰ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_az.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Azu"><img alt="Azu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Glagolitic_az.svg/25px-Glagolitic_az.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Glagolitic_az.svg/38px-Glagolitic_az.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Glagolitic_az.svg/50px-Glagolitic_az.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Azu.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Azu"><img alt="Azu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Azu.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Azu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Azu.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Azu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Azu.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Azu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/A_(Cyrillic)" title="A (Cyrillic)">А</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɑ/</span> </td> <td>Azъ </td> <td>Az </td> <td>I </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet" title="Phoenician alphabet">Phoenician alphabet</a> <a href="/wiki/Aleph" title="Aleph">aleph</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1226385857">.mw-parser-output .script-phoenician{font-family:"Noto Sans Phoenician",sans-serif}</style><span dir="rtl" class="script-phoenician">𐤀</span>‎ or the <a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_cross" title="Sign of the cross">sign of the cross</a><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰱ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_buky.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bouky"><img alt="Bouky" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Glagolitic_buky.svg/25px-Glagolitic_buky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Glagolitic_buky.svg/38px-Glagolitic_buky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Glagolitic_buky.svg/50px-Glagolitic_buky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Buky.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bouky"><img alt="Bouky" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Buky.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Buky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Buky.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Buky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Buky.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Buky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Be_(Cyrillic)" title="Be (Cyrillic)">Б</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/b/</span> </td> <td>Buky </td> <td>Buky </td> <td>letters </td> <td>Unknown,<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> possibly Hebrew <a href="/wiki/Bet_(letter)" title="Bet (letter)">bet</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">בּ</span>‎,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Aramaic_alphabet" title="Aramaic alphabet">Aramaic</a> bīt <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1226385528">.mw-parser-output .script-aramaic{font-family:"Noto Sans Imperial Aramaic",sans-serif}</style><span dir="rtl" class="script-aramaic">ܒ</span>‎<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Samaritan_script" title="Samaritan script">Samaritan</a> mem ࠌ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰲ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_vedi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vede"><img alt="Vede" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Glagolitic_vedi.svg/29px-Glagolitic_vedi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Glagolitic_vedi.svg/44px-Glagolitic_vedi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Glagolitic_vedi.svg/58px-Glagolitic_vedi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Vede.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vede"><img alt="Vede" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Vede.svg/29px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Vede.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Vede.svg/44px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Vede.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Vede.svg/58px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Vede.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ve_(Cyrillic)" title="Ve (Cyrillic)">В</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʋ/</span> </td> <td>Vědě </td> <td>Vedi </td> <td>(you/he/she/it) knew </td> <td>Possibly Latin <a href="/wiki/V" title="V">V</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cursive Greek upsilon <a href="/wiki/Upsilon" title="Upsilon">υ</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or an inverted dobro <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰴ</span><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰳ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_glagoli.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Glagolu"><img alt="Glagolu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Glagolitic_glagoli.svg/23px-Glagolitic_glagoli.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Glagolitic_glagoli.svg/35px-Glagolitic_glagoli.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Glagolitic_glagoli.svg/46px-Glagolitic_glagoli.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Glagoli.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Glagolu"><img alt="Glagolu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Glagoli.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Glagoli.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Glagoli.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Glagoli.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Glagoli.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Glagoli.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ge_(Cyrillic)" title="Ge (Cyrillic)">Г</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghe_with_upturn" title="Ghe with upturn">Ґ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɡ/</span> </td> <td>Glagoli </td> <td>Glagoli </td> <td>speak (past or imperative) </td> <td>Possibly cursive Greek <a href="/wiki/Gamma" title="Gamma">gamma</a> Γ<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰴ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_dobro.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dobro"><img alt="Dobro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Glagolitic_dobro.svg/29px-Glagolitic_dobro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Glagolitic_dobro.svg/44px-Glagolitic_dobro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Glagolitic_dobro.svg/58px-Glagolitic_dobro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dobro.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dobro"><img alt="Dobro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dobro.svg/29px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dobro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dobro.svg/44px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dobro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dobro.svg/58px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dobro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/De_(Cyrillic)" title="De (Cyrillic)">Д</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/d/</span> </td> <td>Dobro </td> <td>Dobro </td> <td>kindness/good/well </td> <td>Greek <a href="/wiki/Delta_(letter)" title="Delta (letter)">delta</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1180947483">.mw-parser-output .polytonic{font-family:"SBL BibLit","SBL Greek","New Athena Unicode","EB Garamond","EB Garamond 12","Foulis Greek","Garamond Libre","Noto Sans","Noto Serif","Cardo","Gentium Plus","Gentium Book Plus","Garamond","Palatino Linotype","DejaVu Sans","DejaVu Serif","FreeSerif","FreeSans","Arial Unicode MS","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Code2000",sans-serif}</style><span class="polytonic">Δ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰵ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_jest.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jestu"><img alt="Jestu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Glagolitic_jest.svg/23px-Glagolitic_jest.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Glagolitic_jest.svg/35px-Glagolitic_jest.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Glagolitic_jest.svg/46px-Glagolitic_jest.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yestu.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jestu"><img alt="Jestu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yestu.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yestu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yestu.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yestu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yestu.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yestu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Ye" title="Ukrainian Ye">Є</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ye_(Cyrillic)" title="Ye (Cyrillic)">Е</a>, <a href="/wiki/E_(Cyrillic)" title="E (Cyrillic)">Э</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yo_(Cyrillic)" title="Yo (Cyrillic)">Ё</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɛ/</span> </td> <td>Jestъ </td> <td>Yest </td> <td>is/exists </td> <td>Possibly <a href="/wiki/Samaritan_script" title="Samaritan script">Samaritan</a> <a href="/wiki/He_(letter)" title="He (letter)">īy</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r866777279">.mw-parser-output .script-samaritan{font-family:"Noto Sans Samaritan","Hebrew Samaritan","Everson Mono",EversonMono,Unifont,Quivira,sans-serif;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:bidi-override}</style><span dir="rtl" class="script-samaritan">ࠄ</span>‎ or Greek <a href="/wiki/Sampi" title="Sampi">sampi</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">ϡ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰶ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_zhivete.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zhivete"><img alt="Zhivete" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Glagolitic_zhivete.svg/29px-Glagolitic_zhivete.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Glagolitic_zhivete.svg/44px-Glagolitic_zhivete.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Glagolitic_zhivete.svg/58px-Glagolitic_zhivete.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zhivete.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zhivete"><img alt="Zhivete" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zhivete.svg/29px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zhivete.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zhivete.svg/44px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zhivete.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zhivete.svg/58px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zhivete.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Zhe_(Cyrillic)" title="Zhe (Cyrillic)">Ж</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʒ/</span> </td> <td>Živěte </td> <td>Zhivete </td> <td>life/live<br />(2nd plural imperative) </td> <td>Unknown,<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> possibly <a href="/wiki/Coptic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic alphabet">Coptic janja</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1107333977">.mw-parser-output .script-coptic{font-family:"Sophia Nubian","Noto Sans Coptic","FreeSerif","Quivira","Segoe UI Historic","Segoe UI Symbol","New Athena Unicode","MPH 2B Damase","Arial Coptic","Analecta","Antinoou"}</style><span class="script-coptic">ϫ</span><sup id="cite_ref-:1_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Astrological_symbols" title="Astrological symbols">astrological symbol</a> for <a href="/wiki/Pisces_(astrology)" title="Pisces (astrology)">Pisces</a> ♓︎, <a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r866781264">.mw-parser-output .script-tifinagh{font-family:"DejaVu Sans",Ebrima,FreeSans,"Noto Sans Tifinagh"}</style><span class="script-tifinagh">ⵣ</span><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰷ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_dzelo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dzelo"><img alt="Dzelo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Glagolitic_dzelo.svg/29px-Glagolitic_dzelo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Glagolitic_dzelo.svg/44px-Glagolitic_dzelo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Glagolitic_dzelo.svg/58px-Glagolitic_dzelo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dzelo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dzelo"><img alt="Dzelo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dzelo.svg/29px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dzelo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dzelo.svg/44px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dzelo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dzelo.svg/58px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Dzelo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Dze" title="Dze">Ѕ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/d͡z/</span> </td> <td>Dzělo </td> <td>Zelo </td> <td>very </td> <td>Unknown,<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> possibly Armenian ja <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1094882035">.mw-parser-output .script-Cprt{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Cypriot",Code2001}.mw-parser-output .script-Hano{font-size:125%;font-family:"Noto Sans Hanunoo",FreeSerif,Quivira}.mw-parser-output .script-Latf,.mw-parser-output .script-de-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Breitkopf Fraktur",UnifrakturCook,UniFrakturMaguntia,MarsFraktur,"MarsFraktur OT",KochFraktur,"KochFraktur OT",OffenbacherSchwabOT,"LOB.AlteSchwabacher","LOV.AlteSchwabacher","LOB.AtlantisFraktur","LOV.AtlantisFraktur","LOB.BreitkopfFraktur","LOV.BreitkopfFraktur","LOB.FetteFraktur","LOV.FetteFraktur","LOB.Fraktur3","LOV.Fraktur3","LOB.RochFraktur","LOV.RochFraktur","LOB.PostFraktur","LOV.PostFraktur","LOB.RuelhscheFraktur","LOV.RuelhscheFraktur","LOB.RungholtFraktur","LOV.RungholtFraktur","LOB.TheuerbankFraktur","LOV.TheuerbankFraktur","LOB.VinetaFraktur","LOV.VinetaFraktur","LOB.WalbaumFraktur","LOV.WalbaumFraktur","LOB.WeberMainzerFraktur","LOV.WeberMainzerFraktur","LOB.WieynckFraktur","LOV.WieynckFraktur","LOB.ZentenarFraktur","LOV.ZentenarFraktur"}.mw-parser-output .script-en-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:Cankama,"Old English Text MT","Textura Libera","Textura Libera Tenuis",London}.mw-parser-output .script-it-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Rotunda Pommerania",Rotunda,"Typographer Rotunda"}.mw-parser-output .script-Lina{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Noto Sans Linear A"}.mw-parser-output .script-Linb{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Noto Sans Linear B"}.mw-parser-output .script-Ugar{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Ugaritic",Aegean}.mw-parser-output .script-Xpeo{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Old Persian",Artaxerxes,Xerxes,Aegean}</style><span class="Unicode">Ձ</span><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰸ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_zemlja.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zemlja"><img alt="Zemlja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Glagolitic_zemlja.svg/29px-Glagolitic_zemlja.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Glagolitic_zemlja.svg/44px-Glagolitic_zemlja.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Glagolitic_zemlja.svg/58px-Glagolitic_zemlja.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zemlja.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zemlja"><img alt="Zemlja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zemlja.svg/29px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zemlja.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zemlja.svg/44px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zemlja.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zemlja.svg/58px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Zemlja.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ze_(Cyrillic)" title="Ze (Cyrillic)">З</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/z/</span> </td> <td>Zemlja </td> <td>Zeml(j)a </td> <td>Earth/ground/soil </td> <td>Possibly a variant of Greek <a href="/wiki/Theta_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theta (letter)">theta</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">θ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰹ, Ⰺ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Iota.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="I"><img alt="I" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Glagolitic_Iota.svg/29px-Glagolitic_Iota.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Glagolitic_Iota.svg/44px-Glagolitic_Iota.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Glagolitic_Iota.svg/58px-Glagolitic_Iota.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="499" /></a></span>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_izhe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Izhe"><img alt="Izhe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Glagolitic_izhe.svg/29px-Glagolitic_izhe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Glagolitic_izhe.svg/44px-Glagolitic_izhe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Glagolitic_izhe.svg/58px-Glagolitic_izhe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Izhe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Izhe"><img alt="Izhe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Izhe.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Izhe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Izhe.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Izhe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Izhe.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Izhe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Dotted_I_(Cyrillic)" title="Dotted I (Cyrillic)">Ι</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yi_(Cyrillic)" title="Yi (Cyrillic)">Ї</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iota_(Cyrillic)" title="Iota (Cyrillic)">Ꙇ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/j/</span> </td> <td>Iže </td> <td>Izhe </td> <td>which is/the </td> <td>Possibly Greek <a href="/wiki/Upsilon" title="Upsilon">upsilon</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">Y</span><sup id="cite_ref-Kuznetsov_2012_7–14_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kuznetsov_2012_7–14-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Greek <a href="/wiki/Iota_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Iota (letter)">iota</a> with dieresis <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">ϊ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰻ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_i.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="I"><img alt="I" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Glagolitic_i.svg/25px-Glagolitic_i.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Glagolitic_i.svg/38px-Glagolitic_i.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Glagolitic_i.svg/50px-Glagolitic_i.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_I.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="I"><img alt="I" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_I.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_I.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_I.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_I.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_I.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_I.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/I_(Cyrillic)" title="I (Cyrillic)">И</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/j/</span> </td> <td>I/ižei </td> <td>I/izhey </td> <td>and </td> <td>Possibly mimicking the shape of a <a href="/wiki/Ichthys" title="Ichthys">fish</a>, <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ichthys_symbol_(rotated).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ichthys_symbol_%28rotated%29.svg/4px-Ichthys_symbol_%28rotated%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ichthys_symbol_%28rotated%29.svg/6px-Ichthys_symbol_%28rotated%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ichthys_symbol_%28rotated%29.svg/8px-Ichthys_symbol_%28rotated%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="81" data-file-height="240" /></a></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kuznetsov_2012_7–14_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kuznetsov_2012_7–14-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰼ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_djerv.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gjerv"><img alt="Gjerv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Glagolitic_djerv.svg/25px-Glagolitic_djerv.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Glagolitic_djerv.svg/38px-Glagolitic_djerv.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Glagolitic_djerv.svg/50px-Glagolitic_djerv.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Djervi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gjerv"><img alt="Gjerv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Djervi.svg/25px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Djervi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Djervi.svg/38px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Djervi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Djervi.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Djervi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Djerv" title="Djerv">Ꙉ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tshe" title="Tshe">Ћ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dje" title="Dje">Ђ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/dʑ/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/tɕ/</span> </td> <td>Djervь, ǵervь </td> <td>Cherv, Djerv </td> <td>tree/wood </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰽ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_kako.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kako"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Glagolitic_kako.svg/50px-Glagolitic_kako.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Glagolitic_kako.svg/75px-Glagolitic_kako.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Glagolitic_kako.svg/100px-Glagolitic_kako.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Kako.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kako"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Kako.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Kako.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Kako.svg/75px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Kako.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Kako.svg/100px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Kako.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ka_(Cyrillic)" title="Ka (Cyrillic)">К</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span> </td> <td>Kako </td> <td>Kako </td> <td>how/as </td> <td>Hebrew <a href="/wiki/Qoph" title="Qoph">qoph</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ק</span>‎‎<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰾ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Ljud%D1%8Cje.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ljudie"><img alt="Ljudie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Glagolitic_Ljud%D1%8Cje.svg/32px-Glagolitic_Ljud%D1%8Cje.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Glagolitic_Ljud%D1%8Cje.svg/49px-Glagolitic_Ljud%D1%8Cje.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Glagolitic_Ljud%D1%8Cje.svg/64px-Glagolitic_Ljud%D1%8Cje.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="655" data-file-height="630" /></a></span>, <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_ljudi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ljudie"><img alt="Ljudie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Glagolitic_ljudi.svg/33px-Glagolitic_ljudi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Glagolitic_ljudi.svg/50px-Glagolitic_ljudi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Glagolitic_ljudi.svg/66px-Glagolitic_ljudi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ljudije.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ljudie"><img alt="Ljudie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ljudije.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ljudije.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ljudije.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ljudije.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ljudije.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ljudije.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/El_(Cyrillic)" title="El (Cyrillic)">Л</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lje" title="Lje">Љ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/l/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʎ/</span> </td> <td>Ljudie </td> <td>Lyudi </td> <td>people </td> <td>Possibly Greek <a href="/wiki/Lambda" title="Lambda">lambda</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">λ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰿ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_mislete.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Myslite"><img alt="Myslite" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Glagolitic_mislete.svg/33px-Glagolitic_mislete.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Glagolitic_mislete.svg/50px-Glagolitic_mislete.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Glagolitic_mislete.svg/66px-Glagolitic_mislete.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Myslite.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Myslite"><img alt="Myslite" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Myslite.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Myslite.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Myslite.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Myslite.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Myslite.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Myslite.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Em_(Cyrillic)" title="Em (Cyrillic)">М</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/m/</span> </td> <td>Myslite </td> <td>Mislete </td> <td>think (2nd plural) </td> <td>Greek <a href="/wiki/Mu_(letter)" title="Mu (letter)">mu</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">μ</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In squared glagolitic it was eventually replaced by a Latin/Cyrillic like form, partly due to its complexity<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱀ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Na%C5%A1%D1%8C.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Našь"><img alt="Našь" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Glagolitic_Na%C5%A1%D1%8C.svg/27px-Glagolitic_Na%C5%A1%D1%8C.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Glagolitic_Na%C5%A1%D1%8C.svg/41px-Glagolitic_Na%C5%A1%D1%8C.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Glagolitic_Na%C5%A1%D1%8C.svg/54px-Glagolitic_Na%C5%A1%D1%8C.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="630" /></a></span>, <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_nash.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nashi"><img alt="Nashi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Glagolitic_nash.svg/33px-Glagolitic_nash.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Glagolitic_nash.svg/50px-Glagolitic_nash.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Glagolitic_nash.svg/66px-Glagolitic_nash.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Nashi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nashi"><img alt="Nashi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Nashi.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Nashi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Nashi.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Nashi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Nashi.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Nashi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/En_(Cyrillic)" title="En (Cyrillic)">Н</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nje" title="Nje">Њ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/n/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɲ/</span> </td> <td>Našь </td> <td>Nash </td> <td>ours </td> <td>Possibly <a href="/wiki/Greek_minuscule" title="Greek minuscule">minuscule Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Nu_(letter)" title="Nu (letter)">nu</a> ν<sup id="cite_ref-:1_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱁ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_on.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Onu"><img alt="Onu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Glagolitic_on.svg/33px-Glagolitic_on.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Glagolitic_on.svg/50px-Glagolitic_on.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Glagolitic_on.svg/66px-Glagolitic_on.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Onu.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Onu"><img alt="Onu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Onu.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Onu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Onu.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Onu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Onu.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Onu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/O_(Cyrillic)" title="O (Cyrillic)">О</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɔ/</span> </td> <td>Onъ </td> <td>On </td> <td>he, that </td> <td>Unknown, possibly half of Ot/Omega<sup id="cite_ref-:1_60-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱂ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_pokoi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pokoi"><img alt="Pokoi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Glagolitic_pokoi.svg/33px-Glagolitic_pokoi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Glagolitic_pokoi.svg/50px-Glagolitic_pokoi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Glagolitic_pokoi.svg/66px-Glagolitic_pokoi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Pokoji.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pokoi"><img alt="Pokoi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Pokoji.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Pokoji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Pokoji.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Pokoji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Pokoji.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Pokoji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Pe_(Cyrillic)" title="Pe (Cyrillic)">П</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/p/</span> </td> <td>Pokoj </td> <td>Pokoy </td> <td>calmness/peace </td> <td>Possibly a variant of early Greek <a href="/wiki/Pi_(letter)" title="Pi (letter)">pi</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_Pi_archaic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Greek_Pi_archaic.svg/13px-Greek_Pi_archaic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Greek_Pi_archaic.svg/19px-Greek_Pi_archaic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Greek_Pi_archaic.svg/26px-Greek_Pi_archaic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="53" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱃ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_rtsi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rici"><img alt="Rici" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Glagolitic_rtsi.svg/33px-Glagolitic_rtsi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Glagolitic_rtsi.svg/50px-Glagolitic_rtsi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Glagolitic_rtsi.svg/66px-Glagolitic_rtsi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ritsi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rici"><img alt="Rici" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ritsi.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ritsi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ritsi.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ritsi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ritsi.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Ritsi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Er_(Cyrillic)" title="Er (Cyrillic)">Р</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/r/</span> </td> <td>Rьci </td> <td>Rtsi </td> <td>speak!/pronounce! </td> <td>Possibly Greek <a href="/wiki/Rho_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rho (letter)">rho</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">ρ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱄ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_slovo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Slovo"><img alt="Slovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Glagolitic_slovo.svg/33px-Glagolitic_slovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Glagolitic_slovo.svg/50px-Glagolitic_slovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Glagolitic_slovo.svg/66px-Glagolitic_slovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Slovo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Slovo"><img alt="Slovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Slovo.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Slovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Slovo.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Slovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Slovo.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Slovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Es_(Cyrillic)" title="Es (Cyrillic)">С</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/s/</span> </td> <td>Slovo </td> <td>Slovo </td> <td>word/speech </td> <td>Inverse of I/Izhey, possibly for symmetry in the abbreviation of "Ἰησοῦς" "Jesus"- "ΙΣ"<sup id="cite_ref-:1_60-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱅ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_tverdo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tvrido"><img alt="Tvrido" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Glagolitic_tverdo.svg/33px-Glagolitic_tverdo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Glagolitic_tverdo.svg/50px-Glagolitic_tverdo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Glagolitic_tverdo.svg/66px-Glagolitic_tverdo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tvrido.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tvrido"><img alt="Tvrido" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tvrido.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tvrido.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tvrido.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tvrido.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tvrido.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tvrido.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Te_(Cyrillic)" title="Te (Cyrillic)">Т</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/t/</span> </td> <td>Tvrьdo </td> <td>Tverdo </td> <td>solid/hard/surely </td> <td>Perhaps from crossbar of Greek <a href="/wiki/Tau" title="Tau">tau</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">τ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱆ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_uk.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Uku"><img alt="Uku" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Glagolitic_uk.svg/33px-Glagolitic_uk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Glagolitic_uk.svg/50px-Glagolitic_uk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Glagolitic_uk.svg/66px-Glagolitic_uk.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Uku.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Uku"><img alt="Uku" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Uku.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Uku.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Uku.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Uku.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Uku.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Uku.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/U_(Cyrillic)" title="U (Cyrillic)">У</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uk_(Cyrillic)" title="Uk (Cyrillic)">ОУ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/u/</span> </td> <td>Ukъ </td> <td>Uk </td> <td>teaching </td> <td>Ligature of <i>onъ</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱁ</span> and <i>izhitsa</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱛ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱇ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_capital_letter_Fritu.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fritu"><img alt="Fritu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Glagolitic_capital_letter_Fritu.svg/39px-Glagolitic_capital_letter_Fritu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="39" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Glagolitic_capital_letter_Fritu.svg/59px-Glagolitic_capital_letter_Fritu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Glagolitic_capital_letter_Fritu.svg/78px-Glagolitic_capital_letter_Fritu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2163" data-file-height="1623" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Fritu.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fritu"><img alt="Fritu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Fritu.svg/32px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Fritu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Fritu.svg/48px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Fritu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Fritu.svg/64px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Fritu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ef_(Cyrillic)" title="Ef (Cyrillic)">Ф</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/f/</span> </td> <td>Frьtъ </td> <td>Fert </td> <td> </td> <td>Variant of Greek <a href="/wiki/Phi_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phi (letter)">phi</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">φ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱈ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_kher.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Heru"><img alt="Heru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Glagolitic_kher.svg/33px-Glagolitic_kher.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Glagolitic_kher.svg/50px-Glagolitic_kher.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Glagolitic_kher.svg/66px-Glagolitic_kher.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Heru.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Heru"><img alt="Heru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Heru.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Heru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Heru.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Heru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Heru.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Heru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ha_(Cyrillic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ha (Cyrillic)">Х</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/x/</span> </td> <td>Xěrъ </td> <td>Kher </td> <td> </td> <td>[unknown] (similar to <i>glagoli</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰳ</span> and Latin <a href="/wiki/H" title="H">h</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱉ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_ot.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Out"><img alt="Out" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Glagolitic_ot.svg/33px-Glagolitic_ot.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Glagolitic_ot.svg/50px-Glagolitic_ot.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Glagolitic_ot.svg/66px-Glagolitic_ot.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Otu.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Out"><img alt="Out" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Otu.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Otu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Otu.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Otu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Otu.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Otu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Omega_(Cyrillic)" title="Omega (Cyrillic)">Ѡ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɔ/</span> </td> <td>Otъ </td> <td>Ot, Omega </td> <td>from </td> <td>Ligature of <i>onъ</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱁ</span> and its mirror image<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Greek <a href="/wiki/Omicron" title="Omicron">omicron</a> Οο<sup id="cite_ref-:1_60-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱋ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_shta.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shta"><img alt="Shta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Glagolitic_shta.svg/33px-Glagolitic_shta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Glagolitic_shta.svg/50px-Glagolitic_shta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Glagolitic_shta.svg/66px-Glagolitic_shta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Shta.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shta"><img alt="Shta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Shta.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Shta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Shta.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Shta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Shta.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Shta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Shcha_(Cyrillic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shcha (Cyrillic)">Щ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/tʲ/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʃ͡t/</span> </td> <td>Šta/Šča </td> <td>Shta/Shcha </td> <td> </td> <td>Ligature of <i>sha</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱎ</span> over <i>tvrьdo</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱅ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱌ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_tsi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ci"><img alt="Ci" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Glagolitic_tsi.svg/33px-Glagolitic_tsi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Glagolitic_tsi.svg/50px-Glagolitic_tsi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Glagolitic_tsi.svg/66px-Glagolitic_tsi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tsi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ci"><img alt="Ci" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tsi.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tsi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tsi.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tsi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tsi.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Tsi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Tse_(Cyrillic)" title="Tse (Cyrillic)">Ц</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/t͡s/</span> </td> <td>Ci </td> <td>Tsi </td> <td> </td> <td>Final form of Hebrew <a href="/wiki/Tsade" title="Tsade">tsade</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ץ</span>‎<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱍ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_cherv.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chrivi"><img alt="Chrivi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Glagolitic_cherv.svg/33px-Glagolitic_cherv.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Glagolitic_cherv.svg/50px-Glagolitic_cherv.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Glagolitic_cherv.svg/66px-Glagolitic_cherv.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Chrivi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chrivi"><img alt="Chrivi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Chrivi.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Chrivi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Chrivi.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Chrivi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Chrivi.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Chrivi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Che_(Cyrillic)" title="Che (Cyrillic)">Ч</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dzhe" title="Dzhe">Џ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/t͡ʃ/</span> </td> <td>Črьvъ </td> <td>Cherv </td> <td>worm </td> <td>[unknown] (similar to <i>shta</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱋ</span>;<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> perhaps non-final form of Hebrew <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">צ</span>‎); possibly from <a href="/wiki/Gothic_alphabet" title="Gothic alphabet">Gothic</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r866748126">.mw-parser-output .script-gothic{font-size:1.25em;font-family:Vulcanius,Junicode,Pfeffer Mediæval,Ulfilas,Silubr,Skeirs,Midjungards,ALPHABETUM,FreeSerif,FreeSans,"Noto Sans Gothic",Code2001,"Segoe UI Historic","Segoe UI Symbol",serif}</style><span class="script-gothic">𐍁</span><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱎ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_sha.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sha"><img alt="Sha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Glagolitic_sha.svg/33px-Glagolitic_sha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Glagolitic_sha.svg/50px-Glagolitic_sha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Glagolitic_sha.svg/66px-Glagolitic_sha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Sha.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sha"><img alt="Sha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Sha.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Sha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Sha.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Sha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Sha.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Sha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sha_(Cyrillic)" title="Sha (Cyrillic)">Ш</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʃ/</span> </td> <td>Ša </td> <td>Sha </td> <td>silence/quiet </td> <td>Hebrew <a href="/wiki/Shin_(letter)" title="Shin (letter)">shin</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ש</span>‎‎<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱏ</span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱜ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_yer.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeru"><img alt="Jeru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Glagolitic_yer.svg/33px-Glagolitic_yer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Glagolitic_yer.svg/50px-Glagolitic_yer.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Glagolitic_yer.svg/66px-Glagolitic_yer.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span>, <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8A.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jerъ"><img alt="Jerъ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8A.svg/31px-Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8A.svg/48px-Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8A.svg/63px-Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8A.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeru.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeru"><img alt="Jeru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeru.svg/33px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeru.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeru.svg/66px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_capital_letter_Shtapic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Štapić"><img alt="Štapić" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Glagolitic_capital_letter_Shtapic.svg/33px-Glagolitic_capital_letter_Shtapic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Glagolitic_capital_letter_Shtapic.svg/50px-Glagolitic_capital_letter_Shtapic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Glagolitic_capital_letter_Shtapic.svg/66px-Glagolitic_capital_letter_Shtapic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2163" data-file-height="1623" /></a></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Hard_sign" title="Hard sign">Ъ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ŭ/,<span class="wrap"> </span>/ʊ/</span> </td> <td>Jerъ </td> <td>Yer, Yor </td> <td> </td> <td>Possibly modification of <i>onъ</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱁ</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rod-shaped "štapić" variant is probably derived from the apostrophe character.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">ⰟⰊ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_yeri.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jery"><img alt="Jery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Glagolitic_yeri.svg/40px-Glagolitic_yeri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Glagolitic_yeri.svg/60px-Glagolitic_yeri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Glagolitic_yeri.svg/80px-Glagolitic_yeri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Yery" title="Yery">Ы</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɯ/</span> </td> <td>Jery </td> <td>Yerɨ </td> <td> </td> <td>Ligature; <a href="/wiki/Digraph_(orthography)" title="Digraph (orthography)">digraph</a> of either <i>yer</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱏ</span>) or <i>yerь</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱐ</span>), followed by either <i>izhe</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰹ, Ⰺ</span>) or <i>i</i> (Ⰻ).<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱐ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_yerj.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeri"><img alt="Jeri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Glagolitic_yerj.svg/39px-Glagolitic_yerj.svg.png" decoding="async" width="39" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Glagolitic_yerj.svg/59px-Glagolitic_yerj.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Glagolitic_yerj.svg/78px-Glagolitic_yerj.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span>, <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8C.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jerь"><img alt="Jerь" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8C.svg/25px-Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8C.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8C.svg/38px-Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8C.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8C.svg/50px-Glagolitic_Jer%D1%8C.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeri.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeri"><img alt="Jeri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeri.svg/39px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="39" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeri.svg/59px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeri.svg/78px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yeri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Soft_sign" title="Soft sign">Ь</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ĭ/,<span class="wrap"> </span>/ɪ/</span> </td> <td>Jerь </td> <td>Yer` </td> <td> </td> <td>Possibly modification of <i>onъ</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱁ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱑ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_yat.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jati"><img alt="Jati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Glagolitic_yat.svg/36px-Glagolitic_yat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Glagolitic_yat.svg/54px-Glagolitic_yat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Glagolitic_yat.svg/72px-Glagolitic_yat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yati.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jati"><img alt="Jati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yati.svg/36px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yati.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yati.svg/54px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yati.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yati.svg/72px-Glagolitic_Letter_Square_Yati.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Yat" title="Yat">Ѣ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ya_(Cyrillic)" title="Ya (Cyrillic)">Я</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/æ/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/jɑ/</span> </td> <td>Jatь </td> <td>Yat, Ya </td> <td> </td> <td>Possibly epigraphic Greek <a href="/wiki/Alpha" title="Alpha">alpha</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">Α</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱖ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_capital_letter_Yo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Glagolitic_capital_letter_Yo.svg/40px-Glagolitic_capital_letter_Yo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Glagolitic_capital_letter_Yo.svg/60px-Glagolitic_capital_letter_Yo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Glagolitic_capital_letter_Yo.svg/80px-Glagolitic_capital_letter_Yo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2163" data-file-height="1623" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Ё">Ё</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/jo/</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Unknown:<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hypothetical component of <i>jonsь</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱙ</span> below; /jo/ was not possible at the time </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱓ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_yu.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jou"><img alt="Jou" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Glagolitic_yu.svg/30px-Glagolitic_yu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Glagolitic_yu.svg/45px-Glagolitic_yu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Glagolitic_yu.svg/60px-Glagolitic_yu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Yu_(Cyrillic)" title="Yu (Cyrillic)">Ю</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ju/</span> </td> <td>Ju </td> <td>Yu </td> <td> </td> <td>Unknown<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱔ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_ens.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ensu (small jousu)"><img alt="Ensu (small jousu)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Glagolitic_ens.svg/30px-Glagolitic_ens.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Glagolitic_ens.svg/45px-Glagolitic_ens.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Glagolitic_ens.svg/60px-Glagolitic_ens.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus">Ѧ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɛ̃/</span> </td> <td>[Ensь] </td> <td>[small yus] </td> <td> </td> <td>Greek <a href="/wiki/Epsilon" title="Epsilon">epsilon</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">ε</span>, also used to denote nasality<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱗ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_yens.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jensu (small jousu)"><img alt="Jensu (small jousu)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Glagolitic_yens.svg/35px-Glagolitic_yens.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Glagolitic_yens.svg/53px-Glagolitic_yens.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Glagolitic_yens.svg/70px-Glagolitic_yens.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus">Ѩ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/jɛ̃/</span> </td> <td>[Jensь] </td> <td>[small iotated yus] </td> <td> </td> <td>Ligature of <i>jestъ</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰵ</span> and <i>ensь</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱔ</span> for nasality<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱘ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_ons.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Onsu (big jousu)"><img alt="Onsu (big jousu)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Glagolitic_ons.svg/35px-Glagolitic_ons.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Glagolitic_ons.svg/53px-Glagolitic_ons.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Glagolitic_ons.svg/70px-Glagolitic_ons.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus">Ѫ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɔ̃/</span> </td> <td>[Onsь] </td> <td>[big yus] </td> <td> </td> <td>Ligature of <i>onъ</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱁ</span> and <i>ensь</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱔ</span> for nasality<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱙ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_yons.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jonsu (big jousu)"><img alt="Jonsu (big jousu)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Glagolitic_yons.svg/35px-Glagolitic_yons.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Glagolitic_yons.svg/53px-Glagolitic_yons.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Glagolitic_yons.svg/70px-Glagolitic_yons.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus">Ѭ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/jɔ̃/</span> </td> <td>[Jonsь] </td> <td>[big iotated yus] </td> <td> </td> <td>Ligature of unknown letter and <i>ensь</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱔ</span> for nasality<sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱚ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_fita.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thita"><img alt="Thita" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Glagolitic_fita.svg/30px-Glagolitic_fita.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Glagolitic_fita.svg/45px-Glagolitic_fita.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Glagolitic_fita.svg/60px-Glagolitic_fita.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Fita" title="Fita">Ѳ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/θ/</span> </td> <td>[Thita] </td> <td>Fita </td> <td>Theta </td> <td>Greek <a href="/wiki/Theta" title="Theta">theta</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1180947483"><span class="polytonic">θ</span><sup id="cite_ref-Schenker_57-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; font-size:xx-large;" class="Unicode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱛ</span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glagolitic_izhitsa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yzhica"><img alt="Yzhica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Glagolitic_izhitsa.svg/27px-Glagolitic_izhitsa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Glagolitic_izhitsa.svg/41px-Glagolitic_izhitsa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Glagolitic_izhitsa.svg/54px-Glagolitic_izhitsa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Izhitsa" title="Izhitsa">Ѵ</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʏ/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span> </td> <td>Ižica </td> <td>Izhitsa </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In older texts, <i>uk</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱆ</span>) and three out of four <i>yus</i>es (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱗ, Ⱘ, Ⱙ</span>) also can be written as digraphs, in two separate parts.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The order of <i>izhe</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰹ, Ⰺ</span>) and <i>i</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰻ</span>) varies from source to source, as does the order of the various forms of <i>yus</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱔ, Ⱗ, Ⱘ, Ⱙ</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Correspondence between Glagolitic <i>izhe</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰹ, Ⰺ</span>) and <i>i</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⰻ</span>) with Cyrillic <i>И</i> and <i>І</i> is unknown.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Proto-Slavic language did not have the phoneme /f/, and the letters <i>fert</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱇ</span>) and <i>fita</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱚ</span>) were used for transcribing words of Greek origin, and so was <i>izhitsa</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">Ⱛ</span>) for the Greek upsilon.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unicode">Unicode</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Unicode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_(Unicode_block)" title="Glagolitic (Unicode block)">Glagolitic (Unicode block)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_Supplement" title="Glagolitic Supplement">Glagolitic Supplement (Unicode block)</a></div> <p>The Glagolitic alphabet was added to the <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> Standard in March 2005 with the release of version 4.1.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Unicode block for Glagolitic is U+2C00–U+2C5F.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:inherit;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"><b><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_(Unicode_block)" title="Glagolitic (Unicode block)">Glagolitic</a></b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_U2C00_as_of_Unicode_version"><a href="#endnote_U2C00_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a></sup><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2C00.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+2C0x </td> <td title="U+2C00: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER AZU">Ⰰ </td> <td title="U+2C01: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER BUKY">Ⰱ </td> <td title="U+2C02: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER VEDE">Ⰲ </td> <td title="U+2C03: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER GLAGOLI">Ⰳ </td> <td title="U+2C04: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER DOBRO">Ⰴ </td> <td title="U+2C05: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER YESTU">Ⰵ </td> <td title="U+2C06: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER ZHIVETE">Ⰶ </td> <td title="U+2C07: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER DZELO">Ⰷ </td> <td title="U+2C08: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER ZEMLJA">Ⰸ </td> <td title="U+2C09: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER IZHE">Ⰹ </td> <td title="U+2C0A: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER INITIAL IZHE">Ⰺ </td> <td title="U+2C0B: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER I">Ⰻ </td> <td title="U+2C0C: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER DJERVI">Ⰼ </td> <td title="U+2C0D: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER KAKO">Ⰽ </td> <td title="U+2C0E: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER LJUDIJE">Ⰾ </td> <td title="U+2C0F: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER MYSLITE">Ⰿ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+2C1x </td> <td title="U+2C10: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER NASHI">Ⱀ </td> <td title="U+2C11: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER ONU">Ⱁ </td> <td title="U+2C12: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER POKOJI">Ⱂ </td> <td title="U+2C13: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER RITSI">Ⱃ </td> <td title="U+2C14: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER SLOVO">Ⱄ </td> <td title="U+2C15: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER TVRIDO">Ⱅ </td> <td title="U+2C16: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER UKU">Ⱆ </td> <td title="U+2C17: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER FRITU">Ⱇ </td> <td title="U+2C18: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER HERU">Ⱈ </td> <td title="U+2C19: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER OTU">Ⱉ </td> <td title="U+2C1A: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER PE">Ⱊ </td> <td title="U+2C1B: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER SHTA">Ⱋ </td> <td title="U+2C1C: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER TSI">Ⱌ </td> <td title="U+2C1D: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER CHRIVI">Ⱍ </td> <td title="U+2C1E: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER SHA">Ⱎ </td> <td title="U+2C1F: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER YERU">Ⱏ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+2C2x </td> <td title="U+2C20: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER YERI">Ⱐ </td> <td title="U+2C21: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER YATI">Ⱑ </td> <td title="U+2C22: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER SPIDERY HA">Ⱒ </td> <td title="U+2C23: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER YU">Ⱓ </td> <td title="U+2C24: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER SMALL YUS">Ⱔ </td> <td title="U+2C25: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER SMALL YUS WITH TAIL">Ⱕ </td> <td title="U+2C26: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER YO">Ⱖ </td> <td title="U+2C27: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER IOTATED SMALL YUS">Ⱗ </td> <td title="U+2C28: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER BIG YUS">Ⱘ </td> <td title="U+2C29: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER IOTATED BIG YUS">Ⱙ </td> <td title="U+2C2A: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER FITA">Ⱚ </td> <td title="U+2C2B: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER IZHITSA">Ⱛ </td> <td title="U+2C2C: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER SHTAPIC">Ⱜ </td> <td title="U+2C2D: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER TROKUTASTI A">Ⱝ </td> <td title="U+2C2E: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER LATINATE MYSLITE">Ⱞ </td> <td title="U+2C2F: GLAGOLITIC CAPITAL LETTER CAUDATE CHRIVI">Ⱟ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+2C3x </td> <td title="U+2C30: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER AZU">ⰰ </td> <td title="U+2C31: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER BUKY">ⰱ </td> <td title="U+2C32: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER VEDE">ⰲ </td> <td title="U+2C33: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER GLAGOLI">ⰳ </td> <td title="U+2C34: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER DOBRO">ⰴ </td> <td title="U+2C35: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER YESTU">ⰵ </td> <td title="U+2C36: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER ZHIVETE">ⰶ </td> <td title="U+2C37: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER DZELO">ⰷ </td> <td title="U+2C38: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER ZEMLJA">ⰸ </td> <td title="U+2C39: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER IZHE">ⰹ </td> <td title="U+2C3A: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER INITIAL IZHE">ⰺ </td> <td title="U+2C3B: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER I">ⰻ </td> <td title="U+2C3C: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER DJERVI">ⰼ </td> <td title="U+2C3D: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER KAKO">ⰽ </td> <td title="U+2C3E: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER LJUDIJE">ⰾ </td> <td title="U+2C3F: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER MYSLITE">ⰿ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+2C4x </td> <td title="U+2C40: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER NASHI">ⱀ </td> <td title="U+2C41: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER ONU">ⱁ </td> <td title="U+2C42: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER POKOJI">ⱂ </td> <td title="U+2C43: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER RITSI">ⱃ </td> <td title="U+2C44: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER SLOVO">ⱄ </td> <td title="U+2C45: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER TVRIDO">ⱅ </td> <td title="U+2C46: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER UKU">ⱆ </td> <td title="U+2C47: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER FRITU">ⱇ </td> <td title="U+2C48: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER HERU">ⱈ </td> <td title="U+2C49: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER OTU">ⱉ </td> <td title="U+2C4A: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER PE">ⱊ </td> <td title="U+2C4B: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER SHTA">ⱋ </td> <td title="U+2C4C: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER TSI">ⱌ </td> <td title="U+2C4D: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER CHRIVI">ⱍ </td> <td title="U+2C4E: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER SHA">ⱎ </td> <td title="U+2C4F: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER YERU">ⱏ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+2C5x </td> <td title="U+2C50: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER YERI">ⱐ </td> <td title="U+2C51: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER YATI">ⱑ </td> <td title="U+2C52: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER SPIDERY HA">ⱒ </td> <td title="U+2C53: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER YU">ⱓ </td> <td title="U+2C54: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER SMALL YUS">ⱔ </td> <td title="U+2C55: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER SMALL YUS WITH TAIL">ⱕ </td> <td title="U+2C56: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER YO">ⱖ </td> <td title="U+2C57: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER IOTATED SMALL YUS">ⱗ </td> <td title="U+2C58: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER BIG YUS">ⱘ </td> <td title="U+2C59: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER IOTATED BIG YUS">ⱙ </td> <td title="U+2C5A: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER FITA">ⱚ </td> <td title="U+2C5B: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER IZHITSA">ⱛ </td> <td title="U+2C5C: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER SHTAPIC">ⱜ </td> <td title="U+2C5D: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER TROKUTASTI A">ⱝ </td> <td title="U+2C5E: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER LATINATE MYSLITE">ⱞ </td> <td title="U+2C5F: GLAGOLITIC SMALL LETTER CAUDATE CHRIVI">ⱟ </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small;text-align:left"><b>Notes</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Unicode_chart_Glagolitic" title="Template:Unicode chart Glagolitic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li></ul></div> <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_U2C00_as_of_Unicode_version"><b><a href="#ref_U2C00_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a></b></span> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Glagolitic combining letters for Glagolitic Supplement block (U+1E000–U+1E02F) was added to the Unicode Standard in June, 2016 with the release of version 9.0:<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:inherit;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"><b><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_Supplement" title="Glagolitic Supplement">Glagolitic Supplement</a></b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_U1E000_as_of_Unicode_version"><a href="#endnote_U1E000_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_U1E000_grey"><a href="#endnote_U1E000_grey">[2]</a></sup><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1E000.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+1E00x </td> <td title="U+1E000: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER AZU"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀀</span> </td> <td title="U+1E001: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER BUKY"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀁</span> </td> <td title="U+1E002: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER VEDE"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀂</span> </td> <td title="U+1E003: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER GLAGOLI"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀃</span> </td> <td title="U+1E004: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER DOBRO"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀄</span> </td> <td title="U+1E005: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER YESTU"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀅</span> </td> <td title="U+1E006: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER ZHIVETE"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀆</span> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="U+1E008: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER ZEMLJA"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀈</span> </td> <td title="U+1E009: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER IZHE"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀉</span> </td> <td title="U+1E00A: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER INITIAL IZHE"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀊</span> </td> <td title="U+1E00B: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER I"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀋</span> </td> <td title="U+1E00C: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER DJERVI"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀌</span> </td> <td title="U+1E00D: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER KAKO"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀍</span> </td> <td title="U+1E00E: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER LJUDIJE"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀎</span> </td> <td title="U+1E00F: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER MYSLITE"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀏</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+1E01x </td> <td title="U+1E010: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER NASHI"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀐</span> </td> <td title="U+1E011: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER ONU"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀑</span> </td> <td title="U+1E012: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER POKOJI"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀒</span> </td> <td title="U+1E013: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER RITSI"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀓</span> </td> <td title="U+1E014: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER SLOVO"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀔</span> </td> <td title="U+1E015: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER TVRIDO"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀕</span> </td> <td title="U+1E016: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER UKU"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀖</span> </td> <td title="U+1E017: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER FRITU"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀗</span> </td> <td title="U+1E018: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER HERU"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀘</span> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="U+1E01B: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER SHTA"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀛</span> </td> <td title="U+1E01C: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER TSI"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀜</span> </td> <td title="U+1E01D: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER CHRIVI"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀝</span> </td> <td title="U+1E01E: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER SHA"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀞</span> </td> <td title="U+1E01F: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER YERU"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀟</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+1E02x </td> <td title="U+1E020: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER YERI"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀠</span> </td> <td title="U+1E021: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER YATI"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀡</span> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="U+1E023: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER YU"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀣</span> </td> <td title="U+1E024: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER SMALL YUS"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀤</span> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="U+1E026: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER YO"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀦</span> </td> <td title="U+1E027: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER IOTATED SMALL YUS"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀧</span> </td> <td title="U+1E028: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER BIG YUS"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀨</span> </td> <td title="U+1E029: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER IOTATED BIG YUS"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀩</span> </td> <td title="U+1E02A: COMBINING GLAGOLITIC LETTER FITA"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1113239643"><span class="script-Glag">𞀪</span> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small;text-align:left"><b>Notes</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Unicode_chart_Glagolitic_Supplement" title="Template:Unicode chart Glagolitic Supplement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li></ul></div> <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_U1E000_as_of_Unicode_version"><b><a href="#ref_U1E000_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a></b></span> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd> <dd>2.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_U1E000_grey"><b><a href="#ref_U1E000_grey">^</a></b></span> Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pre-Glagolitic_Slavic_writing_systems">Pre-Glagolitic Slavic writing systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Pre-Glagolitic Slavic writing systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pre-Christian_Slavic_writing" title="Pre-Christian Slavic writing">Pre-Christian Slavic writing</a></div> <p>A hypothetical pre-Glagolitic writing system is typically referred to as <i><a href="/wiki/Cherty_i_rezy" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherty i rezy">cherty i rezy</a></i> (strokes and incisions)<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – but no material evidence of the existence of any pre-Glagolitic Slavic writing system has been found, except for a few brief and vague references in old chronicles and "lives of the saints". All artifacts presented as evidence of pre-Glagolitic Slavic inscriptions have later been identified as texts in known scripts and in known non-Slavic languages, or as fakes.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The well-known <a href="/wiki/Chernorizets_Hrabar" title="Chernorizets Hrabar">Chernorizets Hrabar</a>'s <i>strokes and incisions</i> are usually considered to be a reference to a kind of property mark or alternatively fortune-telling signs. Some "Ruthenian letters" found in one version of St. Cyril's life are explainable as misspelled "Syrian letters" (in Slavic, the roots are very similar: <i>rus-</i> vs. <i>sur-</i> or <i>syr-</i>), etc.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Glagolitic script is the writing system used in the world of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Witcher" title="The Witcher">The Witcher</a></i> books and video game series.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also featured, in various uses, in several of the point and click adventure games made by Cateia Games, a Croatian game studio.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2023 <a href="/wiki/PS5" class="mw-redirect" title="PS5">PS5</a> game <i><a href="/wiki/Forspoken" title="Forspoken">Forspoken</a></i>, Athian script, the written language of the Athian <a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">continent</a> and cultures, seems to be based upon Glagolitic script.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>It is also featured on <a href="/wiki/Croatia_and_the_euro#Croatian_euro_design" title="Croatia and the euro">1 euro cent, 2 euro cent and 5 euro cent coins</a> minted in Croatia.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glagolitic_alphabet" class="extiw" title="commons:Glagolitic alphabet"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Glagolitic alphabet</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_numerals" title="Glagolitic numerals">Glagolitic numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_Mass" title="Glagolitic Mass">Glagolitic Mass</a> (by Janáček)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Glagolitic_inscriptions" title="Lists of Glagolitic inscriptions">Lists of Glagolitic inscriptions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts" title="Lists of Glagolitic manuscripts">Lists of Glagolitic manuscripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_printed_works" title="List of Glagolitic printed works">List of Glagolitic printed works</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSchenker1995" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_M._Schenker" title="Alexander M. Schenker">Schenker, Alexander M.</a> (1995), <i>The Dawn of Slavic: An Introduction to Slavic Philology</i>, New Haven: Yale University Press, p. 179, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-300-05846-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-300-05846-2"><bdi>0-300-05846-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dawn+of+Slavic%3A+An+Introduction+to+Slavic+Philology&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pages=179&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-300-05846-2&rft.aulast=Schenker&rft.aufirst=Alexander+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dictionary-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dictionary_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dictionary_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/glagolitic">"glagolitic"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary.com" title="Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com Unabridged</a></i> (Online). n.d<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=glagolitic&rft.btitle=Dictionary.com+Unabridged&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Fglagolitic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miltenov_2021-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miltenov_2021_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiltenov2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Miltenov, Yavor (2021). "Свидетелства за прехода глаголица – кирилица през Х–XIII век". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/51094428"><i>Шьствоуѭ нꙑнѣ по слѣдоу оучителю. Сборник в чест на проф. д.ф.н. Анна-Мария Тотоманова</i></a> [<i>Evidence for the Glagolitic-Cyrillic Transition Through the X-XIII Centuries</i>] (in Bulgarian). Sofia. pp. 35–49.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0+%E2%80%93+%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7+%D0%A5%E2%80%93XIII+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA&rft.btitle=%D0%A8%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%AD+%D0%BD%EA%99%91%D0%BD%D1%A3+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%A3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%83+%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8E.+%D0%A1%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%B2+%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84.+%D0%B4.%D1%84.%D0%BD.+%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.place=Sofia&rft.pages=35-49&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Miltenov&rft.aufirst=Yavor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F51094428&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fučić_1981-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fučić_1981_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFučić1981" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fučić, Branko (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/98067">"Kulturno-povijesni vidovi glagoljske epigrafike"</a> [Cultural-Historical Perspectives on Glagolitic Epigraphy]. <i>Croatica Christiana Periodica</i> (in Croatian). <b>5</b> (8): 135–189.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Croatica+Christiana+Periodica&rft.atitle=Kulturno-povijesni+vidovi+glagoljske+epigrafike&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=135-189&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Fu%C4%8Di%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Branko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2F98067&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gau_and_Miklas_2000-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gau_and_Miklas_2000_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGauMiklas2000" class="citation book cs1">Gau, Melanie; Miklas, Heinz (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/31310426">"Preliminary Remarks on the Old Church Slavonic Psalterium Demetrii Sinaitici"</a>. <i>The Bible in Slavic Tradition</i>. Studia Judaeoslavica. pp. 21–88. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004313675" title="Special:BookSources/9789004313675"><bdi>9789004313675</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Preliminary+Remarks+on+the+Old+Church+Slavonic+Psalterium+Demetrii+Sinaitici&rft.btitle=The+Bible+in+Slavic+Tradition&rft.series=Studia+Judaeoslavica&rft.pages=21-88&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9789004313675&rft.aulast=Gau&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.au=Miklas%2C+Heinz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F31310426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tomović_2005-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tomović_2005_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTomović2005" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tomović, Gordana (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iib.ac.rs/istorijskicasopis/assets/files/52(2005).pdf">"О глагољском натпису из Конавала"</a> [On the Glagolitic Inscription from Konavle] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ИⰔⰕⰑⰓⰋⰌⰔⰍⰋ ⰝⰀⰔⰑⰒⰋⰔ</i> (in Serbian). <b>52</b>: 23–32.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%D0%98%E2%B0%94%E2%B0%95%E2%B0%91%E2%B0%93%E2%B0%8B%E2%B0%8C%E2%B0%94%E2%B0%8D%E2%B0%8B+%E2%B0%9D%E2%B0%80%E2%B0%94%E2%B0%91%E2%B0%92%E2%B0%8B%E2%B0%94&rft.atitle=%D0%9E+%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%99%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%83+%D0%B8%D0%B7+%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.volume=52&rft.pages=23-32&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Tomovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Gordana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iib.ac.rs%2Fistorijskicasopis%2Fassets%2Ffiles%2F52%282005%29.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miltenov_2009_en-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miltenov_2009_en_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiltenov2009" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Miltenov, Yavor (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/download/7160023/WSJ_2009_2010_LAST.pdf">"Кирилски ръкописи с глаголически вписвания (Част пръва)"</a> [Cyrillic Manuscripts with Glagolitic portions] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch</i> (in Bulgarian). <b>55</b>. Wien: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften: 191–219.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wiener+Slavistisches+Jahrbuch&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8+%D1%81+%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%28%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82+%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B0%29&rft.volume=55&rft.pages=191-219&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Miltenov&rft.aufirst=Yavor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2Fdownload%2F7160023%2FWSJ_2009_2010_LAST.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jelić_1906-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jelić_1906_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jelić_1906_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJelić1906" class="citation book cs1">Jelić, Luka (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fonteshistoricil00jeliuoft"><i>Fontes historici liturgiae glagolito-romanae a 13 ad 19 saeculum</i></a>. Prague, Krk, Zadar, Ljubljana.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fontes+historici+liturgiae+glagolito-romanae+a+13+ad+19+saeculum&rft.place=Prague%2C+Krk%2C+Zadar%2C+Ljubljana&rft.date=1906&rft.aulast=Jeli%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Luka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffonteshistoricil00jeliuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Žagar_2013-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Žagar_2013_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŽagar2013" class="citation book cs1">Žagar, Mateo (2013). <i>Uvod u glagoljsku paleografiju</i>. Vol. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uvod+u+glagoljsku+paleografiju&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=%C5%BDagar&rft.aufirst=Mateo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strohal_1915-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Strohal_1915_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrohal2015" class="citation book cs1">Strohal, Rudolf (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:238:277993"><i>Hrvatska glagolska knjiga</i></a>. Zagreb.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hrvatska+glagolska+knjiga&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Strohal&rft.aufirst=Rudolf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furn.nsk.hr%2Furn%3Anbn%3Ahr%3A238%3A277993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jembrih_2007-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jembrih_2007_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJembrih2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jembrih, Alojz (2007). <i>Stipan Konzul i "Biblijski zavod" u Urachu</i>. Folia Protestantica Croatica (in Croatian). Zagreb. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-953-7307-11-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-953-7307-11-0"><bdi>978-953-7307-11-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stipan+Konzul+i+%22Biblijski+zavod%22+u+Urachu&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.series=Folia+Protestantica+Croatica&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-953-7307-11-0&rft.aulast=Jembrih&rft.aufirst=Alojz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bolonić_1980a-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bolonić_1980a_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolonić1980" class="citation journal cs1">Bolonić, Mihovil (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/97510">"Tiskane glagoljske knjige krčkih glagoljaša"</a>. <i>Croatica Christiana Periodica</i>. <b>4</b> (5): 1–40. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0350-7823">0350-7823</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Croatica+Christiana+Periodica&rft.atitle=Tiskane+glagoljske+knjige+kr%C4%8Dkih+glagolja%C5%A1a&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1-40&rft.date=1980&rft.issn=0350-7823&rft.aulast=Boloni%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Mihovil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2F97510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bolonić_1980b-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bolonić_1980b_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolonić1980" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bolonić, Mihovil (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/97532">"Profil krčkog glagoljaša u prošlosti"</a> [The Profile of the Glagolites of Krk in History]. <i>Croatica Christiana Periodica</i> (in Croatian). <b>4</b> (6): 96–115.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Croatica+Christiana+Periodica&rft.atitle=Profil+kr%C4%8Dkog+glagolja%C5%A1a+u+pro%C5%A1losti&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=96-115&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Boloni%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Mihovil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2F97532&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Prodan-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Prodan_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProdan1900–1904" class="citation book cs1">Prodan, Ivo (1900–1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:238:480570"><i>Borba za glagoljicu</i></a>. Vol. 1–2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Borba+za+glagoljicu&rft.date=1900%2F1904&rft.aulast=Prodan&rft.aufirst=Ivo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furn.nsk.hr%2Furn%3Anbn%3Ahr%3A238%3A480570&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Okey_1992-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Okey_1992_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOkey1992" class="citation journal cs1">Okey, Robin (1992). "Austro-Hungarian Diplomacy and the Campaign for a Slavonic Liturgy in the Catholic Church, 1881-1914". <i>The Slavonic and East European Review</i>. <b>70</b> (2): 258–283. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4210926">4210926</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Slavonic+and+East+European+Review&rft.atitle=Austro-Hungarian+Diplomacy+and+the+Campaign+for+a+Slavonic+Liturgy+in+the+Catholic+Church%2C+1881-1914&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=258-283&rft.date=1992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4210926%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Okey&rft.aufirst=Robin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pavlinović_1913-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pavlinović_1913_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPavlinović1913" class="citation book cs1">Pavlinović, Mihovil (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:238:059659"><i>Molitve za puk što se pivaju preko svete mise po župama Dalmacije: prevedene iz Rimskoga misala: s dozvolom crkovne vlasti</i></a> (3rd ed.).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Molitve+za+puk+%C5%A1to+se+pivaju+preko+svete+mise+po+%C5%BEupama+Dalmacije%3A+prevedene+iz+Rimskoga+misala%3A+s+dozvolom+crkovne+vlasti&rft.edition=3rd&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Pavlinovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Mihovil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furn.nsk.hr%2Furn%3Anbn%3Ahr%3A238%3A059659&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vajs_1927-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vajs_1927_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVajs1927" class="citation book cs1">Vajs, Josef (1927). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rimski_misal_staroslavenski_1927"><i>Rimski misal slověnskim jezikom prěsv. G. N. Urbana papi VIII povelěnjem izdan</i></a>. Rome.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rimski+misal+slov%C4%9Bnskim+jezikom+pr%C4%9Bsv.+G.+N.+Urbana+papi+VIII+povel%C4%9Bnjem+izdan&rft.place=Rome&rft.date=1927&rft.aulast=Vajs&rft.aufirst=Josef&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frimski_misal_staroslavenski_1927&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CorbettComrie2003-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CorbettComrie2003_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorbettComrie2003" class="citation book cs1">Corbett, Greville G.; Comrie, Bernard (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=euI4CQAAQBAJ"><i>The Slavonic Languages</i></a>. Milton Park, UK: Routledge. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-86137-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-86137-6"><bdi>978-1-136-86137-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210420164058/https://books.google.com/books?id=euI4CQAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Slavonic+Languages&rft.place=Milton+Park%2C+UK&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-136-86137-6&rft.aulast=Corbett&rft.aufirst=Greville+G.&rft.au=Comrie%2C+Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeuI4CQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hjp.znanje.hr/index.php?show=search_by_id&id=fFdgXxY%3D&keyword=glagoljati">"Hrvatski jezični portal"</a> [Croatian language portal]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210422154051/http://hjp.znanje.hr/index.php?show=search_by_id&id=fFdgXxY%3D&keyword=glagoljati">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hrvatski+jezi%C4%8Dni+portal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhjp.znanje.hr%2Findex.php%3Fshow%3Dsearch_by_id%26id%3DfFdgXxY%253D%26keyword%3Dglagoljati&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Slavic-languages">"Slavic languages | List, Definition, Origin, Map, Tree, History, & Number of Speakers | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i>. 2 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Slavic+languages+%7C+List%2C+Definition%2C+Origin%2C+Map%2C+Tree%2C+History%2C+%26+Number+of+Speakers+%7C+Britannica&rft.date=2023-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FSlavic-languages&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/alphabet-writing/Cyrillic-and-Glagolitic-alphabets">"Alphabet - Cyrillic, Glagolitic, Scripts | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Alphabet+-+Cyrillic%2C+Glagolitic%2C+Scripts+%7C+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Falphabet-writing%2FCyrillic-and-Glagolitic-alphabets&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFučić1971" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fučić, Branko (21 September 1971). "Najstariji glagoljski natpisi" [Oldest Glagolitic Inscriptions]. <i>Slovo</i> (in Croatian). <b>21</b>: 227–254.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slovo&rft.atitle=Najstariji+glagoljski+natpisi&rft.volume=21&rft.pages=227-254&rft.date=1971-09-21&rft.aulast=Fu%C4%8Di%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Branko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alan Timberlake, <i>A Reference Grammar of Russian</i>, Cambridge University Press, 2004, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-VFNWqXxRoMC&q=which+is+now+called+Glagolitic">p. 14</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414105430/https://books.google.com/books?id=-VFNWqXxRoMC&q=which+is+now+called+Glagolitic">Archived</a> 2021-04-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Florin-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Florin_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Florin_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Florin Curta & Paul Stephenson, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YIAYMNOOe0YC">Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019144609/https://books.google.com/books?id=YIAYMNOOe0YC">Archived</a> 2017-10-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>, Cambridge University Press, 2006, p. 125</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Simon Franklin, <i>Writing, Society and Culture in Early Rus, c. 950–1300,</i> Cambridge University Press, 2002, p. 93: "East Christian Slays used two alphabets, Glagolitic and Cyrillic. Just to confuse matters, the script devised by Cyril was probably Glagolitic, while Cyrillic—which came to predominate, emerged somewhat later."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henri-Jean Martin, <i>The History and Power of Writing,</i> University of Chicago Press, 1995, p. 40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jean W. Sedlar,<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4NYTCgAAQBAJ"><i>East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000–1500</i></a>, University of Washington Press, 1994, p. 144</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cubberley-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cubberley_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cubberley_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cubberley_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cubberley_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul Cubberley (1996) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biblical-data.org/OCS/Cubberley.pdf">"The Slavic Alphabets"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121029130713/http://www.biblical-data.org/OCS/Cubberley.pdf">Archived</a> 2012-10-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. In <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanielsBright1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_T._Daniels" title="Peter T. Daniels">Daniels, Peter T.</a>; <a href="/wiki/William_Bright" class="mw-redirect" title="William Bright">Bright, William</a>, eds. (1996). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195079937/page/347"><i>The World's Writing Systems</i></a></span>. Oxford University Press, Inc. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195079937/page/347">347</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195079937" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195079937"><bdi>978-0195079937</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World%27s+Writing+Systems&rft.pages=347&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+Inc&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0195079937&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780195079937%2Fpage%2F347&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.endangeredalphabets.net/alphabets/glagolitic/">"Atlas of Endangered Alphabets: Indigenous and minority writing systems, and the people who are trying to save them"</a>. 26 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atlas+of+Endangered+Alphabets%3A+Indigenous+and+minority+writing+systems%2C+and+the+people+who+are+trying+to+save+them.&rft.date=2018-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.endangeredalphabets.net%2Falphabets%2Fglagolitic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chrisomalis2010-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chrisomalis2010_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChrisomalis2010" class="citation book cs1">Chrisomalis, Stephen (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kXZhBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA178"><i>Numerical Notation: A Comparative History</i></a>. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. pp. 178–182. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-48533-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-48533-3"><bdi>978-1-139-48533-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801224632/https://books.google.com/books?id=kXZhBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA178">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Numerical+Notation%3A+A+Comparative+History&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+England&rft.pages=178-182&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-139-48533-3&rft.aulast=Chrisomalis&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkXZhBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA178&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-binns-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-binns_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBinns2002" class="citation book cs1">Binns, J. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MOA5vfSl3dwC&pg=PA151"><i>An Introduction to the Christian Orthodox Churches</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 151. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-66738-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-66738-8"><bdi>978-0-521-66738-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+the+Christian+Orthodox+Churches&rft.pages=151&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-521-66738-8&rft.aulast=Binns&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMOA5vfSl3dwC%26pg%3DPA151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrice2000" class="citation book cs1">Price, Glanville (18 May 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=29BAeKHwvuoC&pg=PA43"><i>Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe</i></a>. Wiley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780631220398" title="Special:BookSources/9780631220398"><bdi>9780631220398</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801232152/https://books.google.com/books?id=29BAeKHwvuoC&pg=PA43">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Languages+of+Europe&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2000-05-18&rft.isbn=9780631220398&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=Glanville&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D29BAeKHwvuoC%26pg%3DPA43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParry2010" class="citation book cs1">Parry, Ken (10 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fWp9JA3aBvcC&pg=PA51"><i>The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity</i></a>. John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781444333619" title="Special:BookSources/9781444333619"><bdi>9781444333619</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200523201649/https://books.google.com/books?id=fWp9JA3aBvcC&pg=PA51">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Blackwell+Companion+to+Eastern+Christianity&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2010-05-10&rft.isbn=9781444333619&rft.aulast=Parry&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfWp9JA3aBvcC%26pg%3DPA51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenqvist2004" class="citation book cs1">Rosenqvist, Jan Olof (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QwNlKqyNC7EC&pg=PA58"><i>Interaction and Isolation in Late Byzantine Culture</i></a>. Bloomsbury Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781850439448" title="Special:BookSources/9781850439448"><bdi>9781850439448</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200523201646/https://books.google.com/books?id=QwNlKqyNC7EC&pg=PA58">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interaction+and+Isolation+in+Late+Byzantine+Culture&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781850439448&rft.aulast=Rosenqvist&rft.aufirst=Jan+Olof&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQwNlKqyNC7EC%26pg%3DPA58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201104055331/http://www.benedictines-cib.org/meetings/2009Croatia/Jozo_Crkva_u_Hrvatskojna_hrv.pdf">"Crkva u Hrvatskoj"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.benedictines-cib.org/meetings/2009Croatia/Jozo_Crkva_u_Hrvatskojna_hrv.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 November 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crkva+u+Hrvatskoj&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.benedictines-cib.org%2Fmeetings%2F2009Croatia%2FJozo_Crkva_u_Hrvatskojna_hrv.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKraft_Soić2016" class="citation journal cs1">Kraft Soić, Vanda (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=242853">"OTPIS INOCENTA IV. SENJSKOM BISKUPU (1248.) POD PATRONATOM SV. JERONIMA I. Senjski privilegij iz godine 1248"</a>. <i>Croatica Christiana Periodica</i>. <b>40</b> (77): 1–23. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210524213326/https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=242853">Archived</a> from the original on 24 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Croatica+Christiana+Periodica&rft.atitle=OTPIS+INOCENTA+IV.+SENJSKOM+BISKUPU+%281248.%29+POD+PATRONATOM+SV.+JERONIMA+I.+Senjski+privilegij+iz+godine+1248&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=77&rft.pages=1-23&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Kraft+Soi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Vanda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2Findex.php%3Fshow%3Dclanak%26id_clanak_jezik%3D242853&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The right to use the Glagolitic language at Mass with the Roman Rite has prevailed for many centuries in all the south-western Balkan countries, and has been sanctioned by long practice and by many popes..." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04606b.htm"><i>Dalmatia</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171834/http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04606b.htm">Archived</a> 2016-03-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Catholic Encyclopedia</i>; "In 1886 it arrived to the Principality of Montenegro, followed by the Kingdom of Serbia in 1914, and the Republic of Czechoslovakia in 1920, but only for feast days of the main patron saints. The 1935 concordat with the Kingdom of Yugoslavia anticipated the introduction of the Slavic liturgy for all Croatian regions and throughout the entire state..." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/japun.html"><i>The Croatian Glagolitic Heritage</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070810032902/http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/japun.html">Archived</a> 2007-08-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Marko Japundzić.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The A to Z of the Orthodox Church, Michael Prokurat, Alexander Golitzin, Michael D. Peterson, Rowman & Littlefield, 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0810876027" title="Special:BookSources/0810876027">0810876027</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dDi24Fac-rwC&pg=PA91">p. 91.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210412030902/https://books.google.com/books?id=dDi24Fac-rwC&pg=PA91">Archived</a> 2021-04-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p7n2umogAhgC&pg=PA100"><i>The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire, Oxford History of the Christian Church</i></a>, J. M. Hussey, Andrew Louth, Oxford University Press, 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0191614882" title="Special:BookSources/0191614882">0191614882</a>, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YIAYMNOOe0YC&pg=PR1"><i>Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250</i></a>, Cambridge Medieval Textbooks, Florin Curta, Cambridge University Press, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0521815398" title="Special:BookSources/0521815398">0521815398</a>, pp. 221–222.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSedlar1994" class="citation book cs1">Sedlar, Jean W. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3o5lrvuwOVwC&pg=PA146"><i>East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000–1500</i></a>. University of Washington Press. p. 146. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780295972916" title="Special:BookSources/9780295972916"><bdi>9780295972916</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414154328/https://books.google.com/books?id=3o5lrvuwOVwC&pg=PA146">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=East+Central+Europe+in+the+Middle+Ages%2C+1000%E2%80%931500&rft.pages=146&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9780295972916&rft.aulast=Sedlar&rft.aufirst=Jean+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3o5lrvuwOVwC%26pg%3DPA146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Велчева, Б. Късната българска глаголица. Кирило-Методиевски студии, кн. 12, София, 1999, 87–152.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDvornik1994" class="citation book cs1">Dvornik, Francis (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3o5lrvuwOVwC&pg=PA146"><i>The Making of Central and Eastern Europe</i></a>. University of Washington Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780875690230" title="Special:BookSources/9780875690230"><bdi>9780875690230</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+Central+and+Eastern+Europe&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9780875690230&rft.aulast=Dvornik&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3o5lrvuwOVwC%26pg%3DPA146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Croatian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sbtv.hr/Vijesti/2007%20vijesti/04%202007%20travanj/SB_INFO_2007-01%2003.htm"><i>"Glagoljaška baština u Slavonskom Kobašu"</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070614011227/https://www.sbtv.hr/Vijesti/2007%20vijesti/04%202007%20travanj/SB_INFO_2007-01%2003.htm">Archived</a> 2007-06-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Slavonskobrodska televizija</i>, News from February 25, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pacnerova_2008-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pacnerova_2008_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPacnerova2008" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pacnerova, Ludmila (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/35204">"Staročeské literární památky a charvátská hranatá hlaholice"</a> [Old Czech Literary Monuments and Croatian Angular Glagolitic]. <i>Slovo</i> (in Czech). Zagreb. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.31745%2Fs">10.31745/s</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0583-6255">0583-6255</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slovo&rft.atitle=Staro%C4%8Desk%C3%A9+liter%C3%A1rn%C3%AD+pam%C3%A1tky+a+charv%C3%A1tsk%C3%A1+hranat%C3%A1+hlaholice&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.31745%2Fs&rft.issn=0583-6255&rft.aulast=Pacnerova&rft.aufirst=Ludmila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2Ffile%2F35204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Šmahel_2016-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Šmahel_2016_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŠmahel2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Šmahel, František (2016). <i>Alma mater Pragensis. Studie k počátkům Univerzity Karlovy</i> (in Czech). Prague. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-80-246-3203-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-80-246-3203-2"><bdi>978-80-246-3203-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alma+mater+Pragensis.+Studie+k+po%C4%8D%C3%A1tk%C5%AFm+Univerzity+Karlovy.&rft.place=Prague&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-80-246-3203-2&rft.aulast=%C5%A0mahel&rft.aufirst=Franti%C5%A1ek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miltenov_2009-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miltenov_2009_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiltenov2009" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Miltenov, Yavor (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/download/7160023/WSJ_2009_2010_LAST.pdf">"Кирилски ръкописи с глаголически вписвания (Част пръва)"</a> [Cyrillic Manuscripts with Glagolitic portions] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch</i> (in Bulgarian). <b>55</b>. Wien: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften: 191–219.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wiener+Slavistisches+Jahrbuch&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8+%D1%81+%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%28%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82+%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B0%29&rft.volume=55&rft.pages=191-219&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Miltenov&rft.aufirst=Yavor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2Fdownload%2F7160023%2FWSJ_2009_2010_LAST.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kovačić_2010-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kovačić_2010_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKovačić2010" class="citation journal cs1">Kovačić, Slavko (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/en/clanak/98555">"Knjiga Оpćena, matica crikvena – stara matična knjiga župe Kučiće-Vinišće, djelo župnika glagoljaša"</a>. <i>Slovo</i> (60): 477–504. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.31745%2Fs">10.31745/s</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0583-6255">0583-6255</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slovo&rft.atitle=Knjiga+%D0%9Ep%C4%87ena%2C+matica+crikvena+%E2%80%93+stara+mati%C4%8Dna+knjiga+%C5%BEupe+Ku%C4%8Di%C4%87e-Vini%C5%A1%C4%87e%2C+djelo+%C5%BEupnika+glagolja%C5%A1a&rft.issue=60&rft.pages=477-504&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.31745%2Fs&rft.issn=0583-6255&rft.aulast=Kova%C4%8Di%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Slavko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2Fen%2Fclanak%2F98555&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrohal1915" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Strohal, Rudolf (1915). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AXg4AAAAYAAJ"><i>Hrvatska glagolska knjiga</i></a> [<i>Croatian Glagolitic Book</i>] (in Croatian). Zagreb: Merkur. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414152402/https://books.google.com/books?id=AXg4AAAAYAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hrvatska+glagolska+knjiga&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.pub=Merkur&rft.date=1915&rft.aulast=Strohal&rft.aufirst=Rudolf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAXg4AAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Štefanić_1960-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Štefanić_1960_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŠtefanić1960" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Štefanić, Vjekoslav (1960). <i>Glagoljski rukopisi otoka Krka</i> [<i>Glagolitic Manuscripts of the Island of Krk</i>] (in Croatian). Zagreb: Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Glagoljski+rukopisi+otoka+Krka&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.pub=Croatian+Academy+of+Sciences+and+Arts&rft.date=1960&rft.aulast=%C5%A0tefani%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Vjekoslav&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bolonić_1976-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bolonić_1976_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolonić1976" class="citation journal cs1">Bolonić, Mihovil (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/34961">"Ekonomsko-socijalno stanje krčkih glagoljaša"</a>. <i>Bogoslovska smotra</i>. <b>46</b> (4): 478–503.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bogoslovska+smotra&rft.atitle=Ekonomsko-socijalno+stanje+kr%C4%8Dkih+glagolja%C5%A1a&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=478-503&rft.date=1976&rft.aulast=Boloni%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Mihovil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2F34961&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kero_2015-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kero_2015_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKero2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kero, Pavao (2015). <i>ⰒⰑⰒⰋⰔ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰌⰔⰍⰋⰘ ⰍⰑⰄⰅⰍⰔⰀ ⰈⰀⰄⰀⰓⰔⰍⰅ ⰐⰀⰄⰁⰋⰔⰍⰖⰒⰋⰌⰅ</i> (in Church Slavic) (2nd ed.). Zagreb. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-953-331-073-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-953-331-073-2"><bdi>978-953-331-073-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E2%B0%92%E2%B0%91%E2%B0%92%E2%B0%8B%E2%B0%94+%E2%B0%83%E2%B0%8E%E2%B0%80%E2%B0%83%E2%B0%91%E2%B0%8E%E2%B0%8C%E2%B0%94%E2%B0%8D%E2%B0%8B%E2%B0%98+%E2%B0%8D%E2%B0%91%E2%B0%84%E2%B0%85%E2%B0%8D%E2%B0%94%E2%B0%80+%E2%B0%88%E2%B0%80%E2%B0%84%E2%B0%80%E2%B0%93%E2%B0%94%E2%B0%8D%E2%B0%85+%E2%B0%90%E2%B0%80%E2%B0%84%E2%B0%81%E2%B0%8B%E2%B0%94%E2%B0%8D%E2%B0%96%E2%B0%92%E2%B0%8B%E2%B0%8C%E2%B0%85&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.edition=2nd&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-953-331-073-2&rft.aulast=Kero&rft.aufirst=Pavao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIvić2018" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Ivić, Ines (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://riviste.unimc.it/index.php/cap-cult/article/view/1795">"The "Making" of a National Saint: Reflections on the Formation of the Cult of Saint Jerome in the Eastern Adriatic"</a>. <i>Il Capitale Culturale: Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage</i>. Supplementi 07/2018. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.13138%2F2039-2362%2F1795">10.13138/2039-2362/1795</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414134438/http://riviste.unimc.it/index.php/cap-cult/article/view/1795">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Il+Capitale+Culturale%3A+Studies+on+the+Value+of+Cultural+Heritage&rft.atitle=The+%22Making%22+of+a+National+Saint%3A+Reflections+on+the+Formation+of+the+Cult+of+Saint+Jerome+in+the+Eastern+Adriatic&rft.volume=Supplementi+07%2F2018&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.13138%2F2039-2362%2F1795&rft.aulast=Ivi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Ines&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Friviste.unimc.it%2Findex.php%2Fcap-cult%2Farticle%2Fview%2F1795&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">До конца XVIII века господствовало странное, но широко распространенное мнение, что глаголическое письмо, бывшее в употреблении в Далмации и Истрии с прилегающими островами и в приморской Хорватии, вместе с переводом священного писания, обязано своим существованием знаменитому отцу церкви св. Иерониму. Зная о нем как авторе латинской «Вульгаты», считая его же как уроженца Далмации славянином, в частности хорватом, домашняя славянская интеллигенция Далмации стала очень рано присваивать ему изобретение глаголицы, быть может, нарочно, с тем умыслом, чтобы успешнее отстаивать и письмо, и богослужение славянское от преследований и запретов со стороны римской иерархии, прикрывая авторитетным именем знаменитого латинского отца церкви свой от греков Кирилла и Мефодия унаследованный обряд. Кем впервые пущено в ход это ни на чем не основанное ученое предание об авторстве св. Иеронима по части глаголического письма и перевода св. писания, мы не знаем, но в 1248 году оно дошло уже до сведения папы Иннокентия IV. <...> Много столетий продолжалась эта вера в Иеронима как изобретателя глаголического письма, не только дома, т. е. в Далмации и Хорватии, не только в Риме, через проживавших там славян... но также и на западе. В Чехию предание занесено в XIV столетии хорватскими монахами-глаголитами, которым поверил даже император Карл IV. (Jagić 1911, pp. 51–52)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">P. Solarić's "Букварь славенскiй трiазбучный" (<i>Three-alphabet Slavic Primer</i>), Venice, 1812 mentions the version as a fact of science (see Jagić 1911, p. 52; Vajs 1932, p. 23).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For example, <a href="/wiki/Kerubin_%C5%A0egvi%C4%87" title="Kerubin Šegvić">K. Šegvić</a> in <i>Nastavni vjesnik</i>, XXXIX, sv. 9–10, 1931, refers to a work of <a href="/wiki/Rabanus_Maurus" title="Rabanus Maurus">Rabanus Maurus</a>. (see Vajs 1932, p. 23).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schenker-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-31"><sup><i><b>af</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-32"><sup><i><b>ag</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-33"><sup><i><b>ah</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schenker_57-34"><sup><i><b>ai</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchenker1995" class="citation book cs1">Schenker, Alexander M. (1995). "Early writing". <i>The Dawn of Slavic: An introduction to Slavic philology</i>. New Haven, CT/London, UK: Yale University Press. pp. 168–172. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-05846-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-05846-8"><bdi>978-0-300-05846-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Early+writing&rft.btitle=The+Dawn+of+Slavic%3A+An+introduction+to+Slavic+philology&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+CT%2FLondon%2C+UK&rft.pages=168-172&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-300-05846-8&rft.aulast=Schenker&rft.aufirst=Alexander+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIlievski2002" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Ilievski, Petar H.R. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23065457">"Glagolica: An iconic script for visual evangelic preaching"</a>. <i>Illinois Classical Studies</i>. 27–28: 153–164. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0363-1923">0363-1923</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23065457">23065457</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201003033849/https://www.jstor.org/stable/23065457">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Illinois+Classical+Studies&rft.atitle=Glagolica%3A+An+iconic+script+for+visual+evangelic+preaching&rft.volume=27%E2%80%9328&rft.pages=153-164&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23065457%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0363-1923&rft.aulast=Ilievski&rft.aufirst=Petar+H.R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23065457&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJung2013" class="citation journal cs1">Jung, Hakyung (January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/24232159">"On the origin of the Glagolitic alphabet"</a>. <i>Scripta</i>. <b>5</b>: 105–130. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211007225107/https://www.academia.edu/24232159">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scripta&rft.atitle=On+the+origin+of+the+Glagolitic+alphabet&rft.volume=5&rft.pages=105-130&rft.date=2013-01&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Hakyung&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F24232159&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_60-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_60-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_60-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_60-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIkonomova1987" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ikonomova, Zhivka (1987). <bdi lang="bg">Старобългарски език</bdi> [<i>Old Bulgarian language</i>] (in Bulgarian). Sofia, Bulgaria: Народна Просвета. pp. 29, 30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA&rft.place=Sofia%2C+Bulgaria&rft.pages=29%2C+30&rft.pub=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Ikonomova&rft.aufirst=Zhivka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUspenskij2013" class="citation journal cs1">Uspenskij, Boris (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/1550519312">"Glagolitic script as a manifestation of sacred knowledge"</a>. <i>Studi Slavistici</i>. <b>10</b> (online ed.). Firenze University Press: 7–27, 358. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1824-7601">1824-7601</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1550519312">1550519312</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studi+Slavistici&rft.atitle=Glagolitic+script+as+a+manifestation+of+sacred+knowledge&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=7-27%2C+358&rft.date=2013&rft.issn=1824-7601&rft.aulast=Uspenskij&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F1550519312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernal1990" class="citation book cs1">Bernal, Martin (1990). <i>Cadmean Letters: The Transmission of the Alphabet to the Aegean and Further West Before 1400 B.C</i>. Eisenbrauns. p. 119. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-931464-47-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-931464-47-1"><bdi>0-931464-47-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cadmean+Letters%3A+The+Transmission+of+the+Alphabet+to+the+Aegean+and+Further+West+Before+1400+B.C.&rft.pages=119&rft.pub=Eisenbrauns&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-931464-47-1&rft.aulast=Bernal&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodika.digitale-sammlungen.de/wsa/Blatt_bsb00000477,00291.html">"Wiener slawistischer Almanach"</a>. <i>periodika.digitale-sammlungen.de</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201003050149/https://periodika.digitale-sammlungen.de/wsa/Blatt_bsb00000477,00291.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=periodika.digitale-sammlungen.de&rft.atitle=Wiener+slawistischer+Almanach&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fperiodika.digitale-sammlungen.de%2Fwsa%2FBlatt_bsb00000477%2C00291.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kuznetsov_2012_7–14-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kuznetsov_2012_7–14_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kuznetsov_2012_7–14_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuznetsov2012" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kuznetsov, Anatoly Mikhailovich (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=461622">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Бывают странные сближенья…": греческий юпсилон и глаголица"</a>. <i>Slavistica Vilnensis</i> (in Russian). <b>57</b>: 7–14. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15388%2FSlavViln.2012.2.1207">10.15388/SlavViln.2012.2.1207</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2351-6895">2351-6895</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201003044051/https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=461622">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slavistica+Vilnensis&rft.atitle=%22%D0%91%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%82+%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%E2%80%A6%22%3A+%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%8E%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD+%D0%B8+%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0&rft.volume=57&rft.pages=7-14&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15388%2FSlavViln.2012.2.1207&rft.issn=2351-6895&rft.aulast=Kuznetsov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly+Mikhailovich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D461622&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFČunčić1999" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Čunčić, Marica (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=244114">"Duktus tipaua glagoljskoga pisma"</a> [Ductus of the types of Glagolitic script]. <i>Filologija</i> (in Croatian). <b>32</b>. Zagreb: Staroslavenski institut: 33. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414105334/https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=244114">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Filologija&rft.atitle=Duktus+tipaua+glagoljskoga+pisma&rft.volume=32&rft.pages=33&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=%C4%8Cun%C4%8Di%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Marica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2Findex.php%3Fshow%3Dclanak%26id_clanak_jezik%3D244114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeţan1994" class="citation book cs1">Peţan, Aurora (13 November 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/colectia-carti-istorice/Aurora%20Petan%20-%20Placile%20de%20plumb/page/46"><i>Plăcile de plumb de la Sinaia</i></a>. p. 46.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pl%C4%83cile+de+plumb+de+la+Sinaia&rft.pages=46&rft.date=1994-11-13&rft.aulast=Pe%C5%A3an&rft.aufirst=Aurora&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcolectia-carti-istorice%2FAurora%2520Petan%2520-%2520Placile%2520de%2520plumb%2Fpage%2F46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŽagar2003" class="citation book cs1">Žagar, Mateo (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/31710109">"Osnovni procesi konstituiranja ustavne glagoljice"</a>. In Božilova, Rumjana (ed.). <i>B'lgari i H'rvati prez vekovete</i>. Sofija. pp. 31–42<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Osnovni+procesi+konstituiranja+ustavne+glagoljice&rft.btitle=B%27lgari+i+H%27rvati+prez+vekovete&rft.place=Sofija&rft.pages=31-42&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=%C5%BDagar&rft.aufirst=Mateo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F31710109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Examples of glagolitic abecedaria, numeraria and alphabet acrostics with some considerations about the original order of letters can be found in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVeder2004" class="citation conference cs1">Veder, William R. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/8615898">"The glagolitic alphabet as a text"</a>. <i>Glagoljica I Hrvatski Glagolizam: Zbornik Radova S Meunarodnoga Znanstvenog Skupa Povodom 100 Obljetnice Staroslavenske Akademije I 50 Obljetnice Staroslavenskog Instituta, Zagreb-krk, 2.-6 Listopada 2002</i>. Staroslavenski Institut. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789536080052" title="Special:BookSources/9789536080052"><bdi>9789536080052</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210817120258/https://www.academia.edu/8615898">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=The+glagolitic+alphabet+as+a+text&rft.btitle=Glagoljica+I+Hrvatski+Glagolizam%3A+Zbornik+Radova+S+Meunarodnoga+Znanstvenog+Skupa+Povodom+100+Obljetnice+Staroslavenske+Akademije+I+50+Obljetnice+Staroslavenskog+Instituta%2C+Zagreb-krk%2C+2.-6+Listopada+2002&rft.pub=Staroslavenski+Institut&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9789536080052&rft.aulast=Veder&rft.aufirst=William+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F8615898&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.1.0/">"Unicode 4.1.0"</a>. <i>www.unicode.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.unicode.org&rft.atitle=Unicode+4.1.0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2Fversions%2FUnicode4.1.0%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/Unicode-9.0/">"Unicode® 9.0 Versioned Charts Index"</a>. <i>Unicode</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Unicode&rft.atitle=Unicode%C2%AE+9.0+Versioned+Charts+Index&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2Fcharts%2FPDF%2FUnicode-9.0%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Chernorizets_Hrabar" title="Chernorizets Hrabar">Chernorizets Hrabar</a> <i>An Account of Letters</i>; Preslav 895, Bulgaria; Oldest manuscript 1348</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">L. Niederle, "Slovanské starožitnosti" (Slavic antiquities), III 2, 735; citation can be found in Vajs 1932, p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grynieznane.pl/2016/04/wiedzminski-alfabet-co-napisane-jest-na.html">"Wiedźmiński alfabet – o czym informują nas plakaty w grze Wiedźmin 3: Dziki Gon?"</a>. <i>www.grynieznane.pl</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180827075318/http://www.grynieznane.pl/2016/04/wiedzminski-alfabet-co-napisane-jest-na.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.grynieznane.pl&rft.atitle=Wied%C5%BAmi%C5%84ski+alfabet+%E2%80%93+o+czym+informuj%C4%85+nas+plakaty+w+grze+Wied%C5%BAmin+3%3A+Dziki+Gon%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grynieznane.pl%2F2016%2F04%2Fwiedzminski-alfabet-co-napisane-jest-na.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cateia.com/games/about.php#top">"About Us – Cateia Games"</a>. <i>www.cateia.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801013518/https://www.cateia.com/games/about.php#top">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cateia.com&rft.atitle=About+Us+%E2%80%93+Cateia+Games&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cateia.com%2Fgames%2Fabout.php%23top&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.croatiaweek.com/designs-of-croatian-national-sides-of-euro-and-cent-coins-presented/">"Designs of Croatian national sides of euro and cent coins presented"</a>. 4 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Designs+of+Croatian+national+sides+of+euro+and+cent+coins+presented&rft.date=2022-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.croatiaweek.com%2Fdesigns-of-croatian-national-sides-of-euro-and-cent-coins-presented%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlagolitic+script" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Branko_Franoli%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Branko Franolić (page does not exist)">Franolić, Branko</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branko_Franoli%C4%87" class="extiw" title="hr:Branko Franolić">hr</a>]</span>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kroat.ffzg.unizg.hr/index.php/staroslavenski1/96-mateo-zagar">Mateo Žagar</a>: <i>A Historical Outline of Literary Croatian and The Glagolitic Heritage of Croatian Culture</i>. Erasmus, Zagreb 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-953-6132-80-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-953-6132-80-5">978-953-6132-80-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branko_Fu%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Branko Fučić">Fučić, Branko</a>: <i>Glagoljski natpisi</i>. <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts">Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts</a>, Zagreb 1982.</li> <li>Fullerton, Sharon Golke: <i>Paleographic Methods Used in Dating Cyrillic and Glagolitic Manuscripts</i>. <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State University</a>, Columbus 1971.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatroslav_Jagi%C4%87" title="Vatroslav Jagić">Jagić, Vatroslav</a>: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gramatikajezika00jagigoog">Gramatika jezika hèrvatskoga</a></i>. A. Jakić, Zagreb 1864.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marko_Japund%C5%BEi%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marko Japundžić (page does not exist)">Japundžić, Marko</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marko_Japund%C5%BEi%C4%87" class="extiw" title="hr:Marko Japundžić">hr</a>]</span>: <i>Hrvatska glagoljica</i>. <a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrvatska_uzdanica_Uskoplje" class="extiw" title="hr:Hrvatska uzdanica Uskoplje">Hrvatska uzdanica</a>, Zagreb 1998.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marko_Japund%C5%BEi%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marko Japundžić (page does not exist)">Japundžić, Marko</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marko_Japund%C5%BEi%C4%87" class="extiw" title="hr:Marko Japundžić">hr</a>]</span>: <i>Tragom hrvatskog glagolizma</i>. <a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C5%A1%C4%87anska_sada%C5%A1njost" class="extiw" title="hr:Kršćanska sadašnjost">Kršćanska sadašnjost</a>, Zagreb 1995.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Miklas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Miklas (page does not exist)">Miklas, Heinz</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%86_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" class="extiw" title="bg:Хайнц Миклас">bg</a>]</span>, Sylvia Richter, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oeaw.ac.at/iran/german/sadovski_pub.html">Velizar Sadovski</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171004035803/https://www.oeaw.ac.at/iran/german/sadovski_pub.html">Archived</a> 2017-10-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>: <i>Glagolitica</i>. <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Austrian Academy of Sciences">Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften</a>, Vienna 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3700128959" title="Special:BookSources/3700128959">3700128959</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josef_Vajs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josef Vajs (page does not exist)">Vajs, Josef</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef_Vajs" class="extiw" title="cs:Josef Vajs">cs</a>]</span>: <i>Abecedarium palaeoslovenicum in usum glagolitarum</i>. <a href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic_Institute" title="Old Church Slavonic Institute">Staroslavenska akademija</a>, Krk 1917.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josef_Vajs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josef Vajs (page does not exist)">Vajs, Josef</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef_Vajs" class="extiw" title="cs:Josef Vajs">cs</a>]</span>: <i>Rukověť hlaholské paleografie</i>. <a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbis" class="extiw" title="cs:Orbis">Orbis</a>, Prague 1932.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darko_%C5%BDubrini%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Darko Žubrinić (page does not exist)">Žubrinić, Darko</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darko_%C5%BDubrini%C4%87" class="extiw" title="hr:Darko Žubrinić">hr</a>]</span>: <i>Crtice iz povijesti glagoljice</i>. Hrvatsko književno društvo sv. Jeronima, Zagreb 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/953-6111-15-2" title="Special:BookSources/953-6111-15-2">953-6111-15-2</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glagolitic_script&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the 1920 <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Americana" title="Encyclopedia Americana">Encyclopedia Americana</a></i> article <i><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Glagolitic_Alphabet" class="extiw" title="s:The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Glagolitic Alphabet">Glagolitic Alphabet</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222042759/http://andregarzia.on-rev.com/richmond/LANGTOOLS.html">Glagolitic text entry application</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://localfonts.eu/typography-basics/a-history-of-type/glagolitic/">Glagolitic manuscripts</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hr/darko/etf/et03.html">Croatian Glagolitic Script</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hr/darko/etf/novi.html">Croatian Glagolitic Script</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forum.textualheritage.org/viewtopic.php?t=60">Glagolitic alphabet. Alternative encoding.</a> – Proposals.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omniglot.com/writing/glagolitic.htm">The Glagolitic alphabet</a> at omniglot.com</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.obshtezhitie.net/texts/bgf/introd.html">The Budapest Glagolitic Fragments</a> – links to a Unicode Glagolitic font, Dilyana</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hr/darko/glagoljica/gl-font.html">Glagolitic Fonts</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancientscripts.com/glagolitic.html">Ancient Scripts: Glagolitic</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gnu.org/software/freefont/">GNU FreeFont</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grgur.irb.hr/Hrvatsko.mislilisxte/uglglag6.ttf">A simple 7-bit Squared Glagolitic font (.ttf)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Glagolitic_script" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Glagolitic_topics" title="Template:Glagolitic topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Glagolitic_topics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Glagolitic topics (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Glagolitic_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Glagolitic topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Glagolitic_script" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Glagolitic script</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angular_Glagolitic" title="Angular Glagolitic">Angular Glagolitic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_numerals" title="Glagolitic numerals">Glagolitic numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_of_Cyrillic_and_Glagolitic_scripts" title="Relationship of Cyrillic and Glagolitic scripts">Relationship with Cyrillic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_(Unicode_block)" title="Glagolitic (Unicode block)">Unicode block</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_Supplement" title="Glagolitic Supplement">Supplement</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Catalogues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Glagolitic_inscriptions" title="Lists of Glagolitic inscriptions">Inscriptions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_inscriptions_(16th_century)" title="List of Glagolitic inscriptions (16th century)">16th century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts" title="Lists of Glagolitic manuscripts">Manuscripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts_(900%E2%80%931199)" title="List of Glagolitic manuscripts (900–1199)">900–1199</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts_(1200%E2%80%931399)" title="List of Glagolitic manuscripts (1200–1399)">1200–1399</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts_(1400%E2%80%931499)" title="List of Glagolitic manuscripts (1400–1499)">1400–1499</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts_(1500%E2%80%931599)" title="List of Glagolitic manuscripts (1500–1599)">1500–1599</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts_(1600%E2%80%931699)" title="List of Glagolitic manuscripts (1600–1699)">1600–1699</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts_(1700%E2%80%931799)" title="List of Glagolitic manuscripts (1700–1799)">1700–1799</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts_(1800%E2%80%931899)" title="List of Glagolitic manuscripts (1800–1899)">1800–1899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts_(1900%E2%80%93present)" title="List of Glagolitic manuscripts (1900–present)">1900–present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_undated_Glagolitic_manuscripts" title="List of undated Glagolitic manuscripts">undated</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_printed_works" title="List of Glagolitic printed works">Books</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inscriptions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%A1ka_tablet" title="Baška tablet">Baška tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inscription_of_%C5%BDupa_Dubrova%C4%8Dka" title="Inscription of Župa Dubrovačka">Župa inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plomin_tablet" title="Plomin tablet">Plomin tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valun_tablet" title="Valun tablet">Valun tablet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manuscripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitola_triodion" title="Bitola triodion">Bitola triodion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bojana_Palimpsest" title="Bojana Palimpsest">Bojana Palimpsest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex_Assemanius" title="Codex Assemanius">Codex Assemanius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex_Marianus" title="Codex Marianus">Codex Marianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex_Zographensis" title="Codex Zographensis">Codex Zographensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri%27s_Psalter" title="Dimitri's Psalter">Dimitri's Psalter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euchologium_Sinaiticum" title="Euchologium Sinaiticum">Euchologium Sinaiticum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Vrbnik_Breviary" title="First Vrbnik Breviary">First Vrbnik Breviary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fragmenta_Vindobonensia" title="Fragmenta Vindobonensia">Fragmenta Vindobonensia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glagolita_Clozianus" title="Glagolita Clozianus">Glagolita Clozianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greblo%27s_quaresimal" title="Greblo's quaresimal">Greblo's quaresimal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C5%A1kovi%C4%87%27s_fragment_of_the_Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Gršković's fragment of the Acts of the Apostles">Gršković fragment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrvoje%27s_Missal" title="Hrvoje's Missal">Hrvoje's Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpretation_of_the_Passion_of_our_Lord_Jesus_Christ" title="Interpretation of the Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ">Interpretation of the Passion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian_Demarcation" title="Istrian Demarcation">Istrian Demarcation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastav_Statute" title="Kastav Statute">Kastav Statute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiev_Missal" title="Kiev Missal">Kiev Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_code_of_Vinodol" title="Law code of Vinodol">Law code of Vinodol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihanovi%C4%87%27s_fragment_of_the_Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Mihanović's fragment of the Acts of the Apostles">Mihanović Fragment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missal_of_duke_Novak" title="Missal of duke Novak">Missal of duke Novak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohrid_Glagolitic_fragments" title="Ohrid Glagolitic fragments">Ohrid Glagolitic fragments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohrid_epistolary" title="Ohrid epistolary">Ohrid epistolary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalterium_Sinaiticum" title="Psalterium Sinaiticum">Psalterium Sinaiticum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reims_Gospel" title="Reims Gospel">Reims Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rila_fragments" title="Rila fragments">Rila fragments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrbnik_Statute" title="Vrbnik Statute">Vrbnik Statute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Missale_Romanum_Glagolitice" title="Missale Romanum Glagolitice">Missale Romanum Glagolitice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spovid_op%C4%87ena" title="Spovid općena">Spovid općena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scribes<br />and Scholars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antun_Dalmatin" title="Antun Dalmatin">Antun Dalmatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bla%C5%BE_Baromi%C4%87" title="Blaž Baromić">Blaž Baromić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frane_Buli%C4%87" title="Frane Bulić">Frane Bulić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Dobrovsk%C3%BD" title="Josef Dobrovský">Josef Dobrovský</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_of_Slavonia" title="George of Slavonia">George of Slavonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Kukuljevi%C4%87_Sakcinski" title="Ivan Kukuljević Sakcinski">Ivan Kukuljević</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Pa%C5%A1tri%C4%87" title="Ivan Paštrić">Ivan Paštrić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jernej_Kopitar" title="Jernej Kopitar">Jernej Kopitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juraj_Juri%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Juraj Juričić">Juraj Juričić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marko_Pohlin" title="Marko Pohlin">Marko Pohlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Jozef_%C5%A0af%C3%A1rik" title="Pavel Jozef Šafárik">Pavel Jozef Šafárik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavle_Solari%C4%87" title="Pavle Solarić">Pavle Solarić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Levakovi%C4%87" title="Rafael Levaković">Rafael Levaković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjepan_Konzul_Istranin" title="Stjepan Konzul Istranin">Stjepan Konzul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ime_Budini%C4%87" title="Šime Budinić">Šime Budinić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0imun_Ko%C5%BEi%C4%8Di%C4%87_Benja" title="Šimun Kožičić Benja">Šimun Kožičić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Hanka" title="Václav Hanka">Václav Hanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Vondr%C3%A1k" title="Václav Vondrák">Václav Vondrák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatroslav_Jagi%C4%87" title="Vatroslav Jagić">Vatroslav Jagić</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Types_of_handwritten_European_scripts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_calligraphy" title="Template:European calligraphy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_calligraphy" title="Template talk:European calligraphy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_calligraphy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European calligraphy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Types_of_handwritten_European_scripts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Types of <a href="/wiki/Handwriting_script" title="Handwriting script">handwritten</a> European <a href="/wiki/Handwriting_script" title="Handwriting script">scripts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient<br /> and medieval</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_cursive" title="Roman cursive">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustic_capitals" title="Rustic capitals">Rustic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_script" title="Uncial script">Uncial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visigothic_script" title="Visigothic script">Visigothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merovingian_script" title="Merovingian script">Merovingian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_minuscule" title="Carolingian minuscule">Carolingian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_script" title="Insular script">Insular script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beneventan_script" title="Beneventan script">Beneventan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackletter" title="Blackletter">Blackletter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotunda_(script)" title="Rotunda (script)">Rotunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastarda" title="Bastarda">Bastarda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_calligraphy" title="Georgian calligraphy">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_minuscule" title="Greek minuscule">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Early Cyrillic alphabet">Early Cyrillic</a> <ul><li>Ustav</li> <li>Poluustav</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Cyrillic">Serbian Cyrillic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Cyrillic" title="Bosnian Cyrillic">Bosančica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Glagolitic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Glagolitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian Glagolitic">Angular</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_hand" title="Court hand">Court hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombardic_capitals" title="Lombardic capitals">Lombardic</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg/100px-Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg/150px-Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg/200px-Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1011" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cursive" title="Cursive">Cursive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancery_hand" title="Chancery hand">Chancery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannine_script" title="Johannine script">Johannine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanist_minuscule" title="Humanist minuscule">Humanist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italic_script" title="Italic script">Italic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_hand" title="Round hand">Round</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_hand" title="Secretary hand">Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_hand" title="Library hand">Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_lettering" title="Technical lettering">Technical lettering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copperplate_script" title="Copperplate script">Copperplate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencerian_Method" class="mw-redirect" title="Spencerian Method">Spencerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronde_script" title="Ronde script">Ronde</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Kurrent" title="Kurrent">Kurrent</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_cursive" title="Russian cursive">Russian cursive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skoropis" title="Skoropis">Skoropis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_skoropys" title="Ukrainian skoropys">Ukrainian skoropys</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorthand" title="Shorthand">Shorthand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Teaching_script" title="Teaching script">Teaching scripts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barchowsky_Fluent_Handwriting" title="Barchowsky Fluent Handwriting">Barchowsky Fluent Handwriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%27Nealian" title="D'Nealian">D'Nealian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getty-Dubay_Italic" title="Getty-Dubay Italic">Getty-Dubay Italic</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Grundschrift" title="Grundschrift">Grundschrift</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmer_Method" title="Palmer Method">Palmer</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCtterlin" title="Sütterlin">Sütterlin</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Vereinfachte_Ausgangsschrift" title="Vereinfachte Ausgangsschrift">Vereinfachte Ausgangsschrift</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaner-Bloser_Method" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaner-Bloser Method">Zaner-Bloser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Types_of_writing_systems" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_writing_systems" title="Template:List of writing systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_writing_systems" title="Template talk:List of writing systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_writing_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of writing systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Types_of_writing_systems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_writing_systems" title="List of writing systems">Types</a> of <a href="/wiki/Writing_system" title="Writing system">writing systems</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_writing" title="History of writing">History of writing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapheme" title="Grapheme">Grapheme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_writing_systems" title="List of writing systems">Writing systems</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Undeciphered_writing_systems" title="Undeciphered writing systems">undeciphered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_creators_of_writing_systems" title="List of creators of writing systems">inventors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_constructed_scripts" title="List of constructed scripts">constructed</a></li></ul></li> <li>Languages by writing system / <a href="/wiki/List_of_languages_by_first_written_accounts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of languages by first written accounts">by first written accounts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Types" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_writing_systems" title="List of writing systems">Types</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Abjads" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abjad" title="Abjad">Abjads</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abjad_numerals" title="Abjad numerals">Numerals</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aramaic_alphabet" title="Aramaic alphabet">Aramaic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hatran_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatran alphabet">Hatran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Arabic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elifba_alphabet" title="Elifba alphabet">Elifba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs" title="Egyptian hieroglyphs">Egyptian hieroglyphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elymaic" title="Elymaic">Elymaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_alphabet" title="Hebrew alphabet">Hebrew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ktav_Ashuri" title="Ktav Ashuri">Ashuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursive_Hebrew" title="Cursive Hebrew">Cursive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashi_script" title="Rashi script">Rashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solitreo" title="Solitreo">Solitreo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaic_alphabet" title="Mandaic alphabet">Mandaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manichaean_script" title="Manichaean script">Manichaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabataean_script" title="Nabataean script">Nabataean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_North_Arabian" title="Ancient North Arabian">Ancient North Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_scripts" title="Pahlavi scripts">Pahlavi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_Pahlavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Book Pahlavi">Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inscriptional_Pahlavi" title="Inscriptional Pahlavi">Inscriptional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inscriptional_Parthian" title="Inscriptional Parthian">Inscriptional Parthian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalter_Pahlavi" title="Psalter Pahlavi">Psalter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegon_script" title="Pegon script">Pegon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet" title="Phoenician alphabet">Phoenician</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Hebrew_alphabet" title="Paleo-Hebrew alphabet">Paleo-Hebrew</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitman_shorthand" title="Pitman shorthand">Pitman shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Sinaitic_script" title="Proto-Sinaitic script">Proto-Sinaitic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Punic alphabet">Punic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritan_script" title="Samaritan script">Samaritan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_South_Arabian_script" title="Ancient South Arabian script">South Arabian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_South_Arabian_script#Zabur_script" title="Ancient South Arabian script">Zabur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_South_Arabian_script#Musnad" title="Ancient South Arabian script">Musnad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sogdian_alphabet" title="Sogdian alphabet">Sogdian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet" title="Syriac alphabet">Syriac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet#Classical_ʾEsṭrangēlā" title="Syriac alphabet">ʾEsṭrangēlā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet#West_Syriac_Serṭā" title="Syriac alphabet">Serṭā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet#East_Syriac_Maḏnḥāyā" title="Syriac alphabet">Maḏnḥāyā</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teeline_Shorthand" class="mw-redirect" title="Teeline Shorthand">Teeline Shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugaritic_alphabet" title="Ugaritic alphabet">Ugaritic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Abugidas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">Abugidas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Brahmic_scripts" title="Brahmic scripts">Brahmic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Northern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali%E2%80%93Assamese_script" title="Bengali–Assamese script">Bengali–Assamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaiksuki_script" title="Bhaiksuki script">Bhaiksuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmi_script" title="Brahmi script">Brahmi script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogri_script" title="Dogri script">Dogri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gupta_script" title="Gupta script">Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurmukhi" title="Gurmukhi">Gurmukhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaithi" title="Kaithi">Kaithi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalinga_script" title="Kalinga script">Kalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khema_script" title="Khema script">Khema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khojki_script" title="Khojki script">Khojki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudabadi_script" title="Khudabadi script">Khudabadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8D%C4%81_scripts" title="Laṇḍā scripts">Laṇḍā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepcha_script" title="Lepcha script">Lepcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahajani" title="Mahajani">Mahajani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marchen_script" title="Marchen script">Marchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_script" title="Meitei script">Meitei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modi_script" title="Modi script">Modi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multani_script" title="Multani script">Multani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81gar%C4%AB_script" title="Nāgarī script">Nagari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandinagari" title="Nandinagari">Nandinagari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_scripts" title="Nepalese scripts">Nepalese scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhujimol_script" title="Bhujimol script">Bhujimol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golmol_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golmol script (page does not exist)">Golmol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himmol_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Himmol script (page does not exist)">Himmol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kummol_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kummol script (page does not exist)">Kummol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvemmol_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kvemmol script (page does not exist)">Kvemmol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pachumol_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pachumol script (page does not exist)">Pachumol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pracalit_script" title="Pracalit script">Pracalit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranjana_script" title="Ranjana script">Ranjana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamyig_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamyig script">Tamyig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirhuta_script" title="Tirhuta script">Tirhuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limbu_script" title="Limbu script">Limbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_scripts" title="Nepalese scripts">Litumol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_script" title="Odia script">Odia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karani_script" title="Karani script">Karani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BCPhags-pa_script" title="ʼPhags-pa script">ʼPhags-pa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharada_script" title="Sharada script">Sharada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddha%E1%B9%83_script" title="Siddhaṃ script">Siddhaṃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyombo_script" title="Soyombo script">Soyombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylheti_Nagri" title="Sylheti Nagri">Sylheti Nagri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takri_script" title="Takri script">Takri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_script" title="Tibetan script">Tibetan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uchen_script" title="Uchen script">Uchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Um%C3%AA_script" title="Umê script">Umê</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tocharian_script" title="Tocharian script">Tocharian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanabazar_square_script" title="Zanabazar square script">Zanabazar square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahom_script" title="Ahom script">Ahom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_script" title="Balinese script">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak_script" title="Batak script">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybayin" title="Baybayin">Baybayin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhattiprolu_script" title="Bhattiprolu script">Bhattiprolu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buda_script" title="Buda script">Buda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buhid_script" title="Buhid script">Buhid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakma_script" title="Chakma script">Chakma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_script" title="Cham script">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakkham_script" title="Fakkham script">Fakkham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grantha_script" title="Grantha script">Grantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goykanadi" title="Goykanadi">Goykanadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanunoo_script" title="Hanunoo script">Hanunoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_script" title="Javanese script">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadamba_script" title="Kadamba script">Kadamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%27gaw_Karen_alphabet" title="S'gaw Karen alphabet">Karen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawi_script" title="Kawi script">Kawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_script" title="Khmer script">Khmer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khom_Thai_script" title="Khom Thai script">Khom Thai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulitan" title="Kulitan">Kulitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Tham_script" title="Tai Tham script">Lanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langdi" title="Langdi">Langdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_script" title="Lao script">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leke_script" title="Leke script">Leke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lontara_script" title="Lontara script">Lontara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lontara_Bilang-bilang_script" title="Lontara Bilang-bilang script">Bilang-bilang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makasar_script" title="Makasar script">Makasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldivian_writing_systems" title="Maldivian writing systems">Old Maldivian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhives_Akuru" title="Dhives Akuru">Dhives Akuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eveyla_Akuru" class="mw-redirect" title="Eveyla Akuru">Eveyla Akuru</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon%E2%80%93Burmese_script" title="Mon–Burmese script">Mon–Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallava_script" title="Pallava script">Pallava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyu_script" title="Pyu script">Pyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saurashtra_script" title="Saurashtra script">Saurashtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shan_alphabet" title="Shan alphabet">Shan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_script" title="Sinhala script">Sinhala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhothai_script" title="Sukhothai script">Sukhothai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_script" title="Sundanese script">Sundanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Sundanese_script" title="Old Sundanese script">Old Sundanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagbanwa_script" title="Tagbanwa script">Tagbanwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Le_script" title="Tai Le script">Tai Le</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Tai_Lue_alphabet" title="New Tai Lue alphabet">New Tai Lue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Noi_script" title="Tai Noi script">Tai Noi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Tham_script" title="Tai Tham script">Tai Tham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Viet_script" title="Tai Viet script">Tai Viet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lai_Tay_script" title="Lai Tay script">Lai Tay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil-Brahmi" title="Tamil-Brahmi">Tamil-Brahmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanchangya_script" title="Tanchangya script">Tanchangya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_script" title="Thai script">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tigalari_script" title="Tigalari script">Tigalari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulu_scripts" title="Ulu scripts">Ulu scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incung_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Incung script (page does not exist)">Incung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampung_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Lampung script">Lampung</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lembak_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lembak script (page does not exist)">Lembak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogan_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ogan script (page does not exist)">Ogan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasemah_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pasemah script (page does not exist)">Pasemah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rejang_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Rejang script">Rejang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serawai_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serawai script (page does not exist)">Serawai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatteluttu" title="Vatteluttu">Vatteluttu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kolezhuthu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolezhuthu">Kolezhuthu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayanma" title="Malayanma">Malayanma</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharati_script" title="Bharati script">Bharati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyd%27s_syllabic_shorthand" title="Boyd's syllabic shorthand">Boyd's syllabic shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aboriginal_syllabics" title="Canadian Aboriginal syllabics">Canadian syllabics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackfoot_language#Writing_system" title="Blackfoot language">Blackfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrier_syllabics" title="Carrier syllabics">Déné syllabics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dham_script" title="Dham script">Dham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_language#Writing_systems" title="Fox language">Fox I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ge%CA%BDez_script" title="Geʽez script">Geʽez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunjala_Gondi_script" title="Gunjala Gondi script">Gunjala Gondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Braille" title="Japanese Braille">Japanese Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarati" title="Sarati">Sarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunwar_language#Writing_Systems" title="Sunwar language">Jenticha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharosthi" title="Kharosthi">Kharosthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandombe_script" title="Mandombe script">Mandombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondi_writing" title="Gondi writing">Masaram Gondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meroitic_script" title="Meroitic script">Meroitic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollard_script" title="Pollard script">Miao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mwangwego_script" title="Mwangwego script">Mwangwego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahawh_Hmong" title="Pahawh Hmong">Pahawh Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorang_Sompeng_script" title="Sorang Sompeng script">Sorang Sompeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar">Tengwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaana" title="Thaana">Thaana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Natural_Shorthand" title="Thomas Natural Shorthand">Thomas Natural Shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warang_Citi" title="Warang Citi">Warang Citi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mwangwego_script" title="Mwangwego script">Mwangwego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiang_language" title="Qiang language">Rma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Alphabets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">Alphabets</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Linear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adlam_script" title="Adlam script">Adlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariyaka_script" title="Ariyaka script">Ariyaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_alphabet" title="Armenian alphabet">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avestan_alphabet" title="Avestan alphabet">Avestan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pazend" title="Pazend">Pazend</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avoiuli" title="Avoiuli">Avoiuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassa_Vah_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Bassa Vah script">Bassa Vah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carian_alphabets" title="Carian alphabets">Carian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Albanian_script" title="Caucasian Albanian script">Caucasian Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirth" title="Cirth">Cirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coelbren_y_Beirdd" title="Coelbren y Beirdd">Coelbren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coorgi%E2%80%93Cox_alphabet" title="Coorgi–Cox alphabet">Coorgi–Cox alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic alphabet">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Cyrillic" title="Bosnian Cyrillic">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Early Cyrillic alphabet">Early</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deseret_alphabet" title="Deseret alphabet">Deseret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duployan_shorthand" title="Duployan shorthand">Duployan shorthand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duployan_shorthand#Chinook_writing" title="Duployan shorthand">Chinook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclectic_shorthand" title="Eclectic shorthand">Eclectic shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbasan_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Elbasan script">Elbasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enochian" title="Enochian">Enochian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_alphabet" title="Etruscan alphabet">Etruscan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Psalmanazar#Pseudo-lexicographer" title="George Psalmanazar">Formosan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_language#Writing_systems" title="Fox language">Fox II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraser_script" title="Fraser script">Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabelsberger_shorthand" title="Gabelsberger shorthand">Gabelsberger shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadabuursi_Somali_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gadabuursi Somali script">Gadabuursi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garay_alphabet" title="Garay alphabet">Garay alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_scripts" title="Georgian scripts">Georgian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asomtavruli" class="mw-redirect" title="Asomtavruli">Asomtavruli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuskhuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuskhuri">Nuskhuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mkhedruli" class="mw-redirect" title="Mkhedruli">Mkhedruli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veso_Bey_alphabet" title="Veso Bey alphabet">Veso Bey</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Glagolitic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_alphabet" title="Gothic alphabet">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregg_shorthand" title="Gregg shorthand">Gregg shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek</a> (<a href="/wiki/Archaic_Greek_alphabets" title="Archaic Greek alphabets">Archaic</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Iberian_alphabet" title="Greco-Iberian alphabet">Greco-Iberian alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanifi_Rohingya_script" title="Hanifi Rohingya script">Hanifi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunwar_language#Writing_Systems" title="Sunwar language">Jenticha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaddare_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaddare script">Kaddare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayah_Li_alphabet" title="Kayah Li alphabet">Kayah Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klingon_scripts" title="Klingon scripts">Klingon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beneventan_script" title="Beneventan script">Beneventan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackletter" title="Blackletter">Blackletter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_minuscule" title="Carolingian minuscule">Carolingian minuscule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraktur" title="Fraktur">Fraktur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_type" title="Gaelic type">Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_script" title="Insular script">Insular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlac" class="mw-redirect" title="Interlac">Interlac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurrent" title="Kurrent">Kurrent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merovingian_script" title="Merovingian script">Merovingian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scribal_abbreviation" title="Scribal abbreviation">Sigla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCtterlin" title="Sütterlin">Sütterlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tironian_notes" title="Tironian notes">Tironian notes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visigothic_script" title="Visigothic script">Visigothic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_script" title="Luo script">Luo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycian_alphabet" title="Lycian alphabet">Lycian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydian_alphabet" title="Lydian alphabet">Lydian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_alphabet" title="Manchu alphabet">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medefaidrin" title="Medefaidrin">Medefaidrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molodtsov_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Molodtsov alphabet">Molodtsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mru_language#Script" title="Mru language">Mru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundari_Bani" title="Mundari Bani">Mundari Bani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%27Ko_script" title="N'Ko script">N'Ko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">Ogham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ol_Chiki_script" title="Ol Chiki script">Ol Chiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Hungarian_script" title="Old Hungarian script">Old Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Italic_scripts" title="Old Italic scripts">Old Italic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Permic_script" title="Old Permic script">Old Permic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Turkic_script" title="Old Turkic script">Orkhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Uyghur_alphabet" title="Old Uyghur alphabet">Old Uyghur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_script" title="Mongolian script">Mongolian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evenki_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Evenki alphabet">Evenki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galik_alphabet" title="Galik alphabet">Galik alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_alphabet" title="Manchu alphabet">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Script" title="Clear Script">Oirat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vagindra_script" title="Vagindra script">Vagindra</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ol_Onal" title="Ol Onal">Ol Onal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_script" title="Osage script">Osage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmanya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Osmanya script">Osmanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pau_Cin_Hau_script" title="Pau Cin Hau script">Pau Cin Hau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_alphabet" title="Phrygian alphabet">Phrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisidian_language" title="Pisidian language">Pisidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runes" class="mw-redirect" title="Runes">Runic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_runes" title="Anglo-Saxon runes">Anglo-Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cipher_runes" title="Cipher runes">Cipher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalecarlian_runes" title="Dalecarlian runes">Dalecarlian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elder_Futhark" title="Elder Futhark">Elder Futhark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Younger_Futhark" title="Younger Futhark">Younger Futhark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_runic_inscriptions" title="Gothic runic inscriptions">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcomannic_runes" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcomannic runes">Marcomannic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_runes" title="Medieval runes">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staveless_runes" title="Staveless runes">Staveless</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavian_alphabet" title="Shavian alphabet">Shavian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidetic_language" title="Sidetic language">Sidetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorang_Sompeng_script" title="Sorang Sompeng script">Sorang Sompeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunuwar_alphabet" title="Sunuwar alphabet">Sunuwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todhri_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Todhri script">Todhri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurukh_language#Writing_systems" title="Kurukh language">Tolong Siki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellara_alphabet" title="Vellara alphabet">Vellara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visible_Speech" title="Visible Speech">Visible Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vithkuqi_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Vithkuqi script">Vithkuqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wancho_language#Orthography" title="Wancho language">Wancho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warang_Citi" title="Warang Citi">Warang Citi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_alphabets#Yezidi" title="Kurdish alphabets">Yezidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaghawa_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaghawa script">Zaghawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Non-linear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_maritime_signal_flags" title="International maritime signal flags">Maritime flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegraph_code" title="Telegraph code">Telegraph code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Point" title="New York Point">New York Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_semaphore" title="Flag semaphore">Flag semaphore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_type" title="Moon type">Moon type</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ideograms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ideogram" title="Ideogram">Ideograms</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adinkra_symbols" title="Adinkra symbols">Adinkra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_script" title="Aztec script">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blissymbols" title="Blissymbols">Blissymbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongba_symbols" title="Dongba symbols">Dongba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ersu_Shaba_script" title="Ersu Shaba script">Ersu Shaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">Emoji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isotype_(picture_language)" title="Isotype (picture language)">Isotype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaid%C4%81_glyphs" title="Kaidā glyphs">Kaidā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mi%EA%9E%8Ckmaw_hieroglyphic_writing" class="mw-redirect" title="Miꞌkmaw hieroglyphic writing">Miꞌkmaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixtec_writing" title="Mixtec writing">Mixtec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Epoch_Notation_Painting" class="mw-redirect" title="New Epoch Notation Painting">New Epoch Notation Painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nsibidi" title="Nsibidi">Nsibidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ojibwe_writing_systems#Ojibwe_"hieroglyphs"" title="Ojibwe writing systems">Ojibwe Hieroglyphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olmec_hieroglyphs" title="Olmec hieroglyphs">Olmec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siglas_poveiras" title="Siglas poveiras">Siglas poveiras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testerian" title="Testerian">Testerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerkish" title="Yerkish">Yerkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapotec_script" title="Zapotec script">Zapotec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Logograms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Logogram" title="Logogram">Logograms</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_family_of_scripts" title="Chinese family of scripts">Chinese family of scripts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_characters" title="Chinese characters">Chinese characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_bone_script" title="Oracle bone script">Oracle bone script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions" title="Chinese bronze inscriptions">Bronze scripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_script" title="Seal script">Seal script</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Large_seal_script" title="Large seal script">large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_seal_script" title="Small seal script">small</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird-worm_seal_script" title="Bird-worm seal script">bird-worm</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m" title="Chữ Nôm">Chữ Nôm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawndip" title="Sawndip">Sawndip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowen_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowen script">Bowen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Chinese-influenced</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jurchen_script" title="Jurchen script">Jurchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khitan_large_script" title="Khitan large script">Khitan large script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sui_script" title="Sui script">Sui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangut_script" title="Tangut script">Tangut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">Cuneiform</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akkadian_cuneiform" class="mw-redirect" title="Akkadian cuneiform">Akkadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_cuneiform" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian cuneiform">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elamite_cuneiform" title="Elamite cuneiform">Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hittite_cuneiform" title="Hittite cuneiform">Hittite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuneiform_Luwian" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuneiform Luwian">Luwian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">Sumerian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Other logosyllabic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_hieroglyphs" title="Anatolian hieroglyphs">Anatolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagam_script" title="Bagam script">Bagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_hieroglyphs" title="Cretan hieroglyphs">Cretan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_script" title="Isthmian script">Isthmian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_script" title="Maya script">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Elamite_script" title="Proto-Elamite script">Proto-Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenevil" title="Tenevil">Tenevil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_script#Classical_Yi" title="Yi script">Yi (Classical)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Logoconsonantal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demotic_(Egyptian)" title="Demotic (Egyptian)">Demotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieratic" title="Hieratic">Hieratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs" title="Egyptian hieroglyphs">Hieroglyphs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Numerals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Arabic_numeral_system" title="Hindu–Arabic numeral system">Hindu-Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_numerals" title="Abjad numerals">Abjad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_numerals" title="Attic numerals">Attic (Greek)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_numerals" title="Muisca numerals">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sitelen_Pona" title="Sitelen Pona">Sitelen Pona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Semi-syllabaries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Semi-syllabaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-syllabaries">Semi-syllabaries</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Full</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Elamite" title="Linear Elamite">Linear Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtiberian_script" title="Celtiberian script">Celtiberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Iberian_script" title="Northeastern Iberian script">Northeastern Iberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Iberian_script" title="Southeastern Iberian script">Southeastern Iberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khom_script_(Ong_Kommadam)" title="Khom script (Ong Kommadam)">Khom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunging_script" title="Dunging script">Dunging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Redundant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Espanca_script" title="Espanca script">Espanca script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahawh_Hmong" title="Pahawh Hmong">Pahawh Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khitan_small_script" title="Khitan small script">Khitan small script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Paleohispanic_script" title="Southwest Paleohispanic script">Southwest Paleohispanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_writing_in_Vietnam#Quốc_Âm_Tân_Tự" title="History of writing in Vietnam">Quốc Âm Tân Tự</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Sign_languages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">Sign languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASLwrite" title="ASLwrite">ASLwrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SignWriting" title="SignWriting">SignWriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Si5s" title="Si5s">si5s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stokoe_notation" title="Stokoe notation">Stokoe notation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Syllabaries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Syllabary" title="Syllabary">Syllabaries</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afaka_syllabary" title="Afaka syllabary">Afaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamum_script" title="Bamum script">Bamum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9t%C3%A9_syllabary" title="Bété syllabary">Bété</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byblos_syllabary" title="Byblos syllabary">Byblos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aboriginal_syllabics" title="Canadian Aboriginal syllabics">Canadian Aboriginal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_syllabary" title="Cherokee syllabary">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_syllabary" title="Cypriot syllabary">Cypriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypro-Minoan_syllabary" title="Cypro-Minoan syllabary">Cypro-Minoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditema_tsa_Dinoko" title="Ditema tsa Dinoko">Ditema tsa Dinoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskayan_script" title="Eskayan script">Eskayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geba_syllabary" title="Geba syllabary">Geba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Algonquian_syllabics" title="Great Lakes Algonquian syllabics">Great Lakes Algonquian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iban_language#Alphabet" title="Iban language">Iban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idu_script" title="Idu script">Idu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">Kana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">Katakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">Man'yōgana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentaigana" title="Hentaigana">Hentaigana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dgana" title="Sōgana">Sōgana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jindai_moji" title="Jindai moji">Jindai moji</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mende_Kikakui_script" title="Mende Kikakui script">Kikakui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kpelle_syllabary" title="Kpelle syllabary">Kpelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Elamite" title="Linear Elamite">Linear Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisu_language#Lisu_syllabary" title="Lisu language">Lisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loma_language#writing_systems" title="Loma language">Loma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCshu" title="Nüshu">Nüshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nwagu_Aneke_script" title="Nwagu Aneke script">Nwagu Aneke script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Persian_cuneiform" title="Old Persian cuneiform">Old Persian cuneiform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">Sumerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vai_syllabary" title="Vai syllabary">Vai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woleai_script" title="Woleai script">Woleai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_script#Modern_Yi" title="Yi script">Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugtun_script" title="Yugtun script">Yugtun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Braille" title="Template:Braille"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Braille" title="Template talk:Braille"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Braille" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Braille"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Braille_⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a><span style="padding-left:0.5em;"> </span>⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Braille cell</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1829_braille" title="1829 braille">1829 braille</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_uniformity_of_braille_alphabets" title="International uniformity of braille alphabets">International uniformity</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_ASCII" title="Braille ASCII">ASCII braille</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_Patterns" title="Braille Patterns">Unicode braille patterns</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Braille scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:French-ordered_braille_alphabets" title="Category:French-ordered braille alphabets">French-ordered</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Braille" title="Albanian Braille">Albanian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Azeri_Braille" class="mw-redirect" title="Azeri Braille">Azerbaijani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_Braille" title="Cantonese Braille">Cantonese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Catalan_Braille" title="Catalan Braille">Catalan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Chinese_Braille" title="Mainland Chinese Braille">Chinese (mainland Mandarin)</a> (largely reassigned)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Braille" title="Czech Braille">Czech</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Braille" title="Dutch Braille">Dutch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/English_Braille" title="English Braille">English</a> (<a href="/wiki/Unified_English_Braille" title="Unified English Braille">Unified English</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Esperanto_Braille" title="Esperanto Braille">Esperanto</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/French_Braille" title="French Braille">French</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_Braille" title="German Braille">German</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_braille" title="Ghanaian braille">Ghanaian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guarani_Braille" title="Guarani Braille">Guarani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Braille" title="Hawaiian Braille">Hawaiian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Braille" title="Hungarian Braille">Hungarian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B1upiaq_Braille" title="Iñupiaq Braille">Iñupiaq</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/IPA_Braille" title="IPA Braille">IPA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irish_Braille" title="Irish Braille">Irish</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Braille" title="Italian Braille">Italian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Braille" title="Latvian Braille">Latvian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Braille" title="Lithuanian Braille">Lithuanian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish_Braille" title="Luxembourgish Braille">Luxembourgish</a> (extended to 8-dot)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maltese_Braille" title="Maltese Braille">Maltese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_Braille" title="Māori Braille">Māori</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Navajo_Braille" title="Navajo Braille">Navajo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_braille" title="Nigerian braille">Nigerian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Braille" title="Philippine Braille">Philippine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polish_Braille" title="Polish Braille">Polish</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Braille" title="Portuguese Braille">Portuguese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Braille" title="Romanian Braille">Romanian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samoan_Braille" title="Samoan Braille">Samoan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Braille" title="Slovak Braille">Slovak</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_African_braille" title="South African braille">South African</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Braille" title="Spanish Braille">Spanish</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Braille" title="Taiwanese Braille">Taiwanese Mandarin</a> (largely reassigned)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Braille" title="Turkish Braille">Turkish</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Braille" title="Vietnamese Braille">Vietnamese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Braille" title="Welsh Braille">Welsh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Braille" title="Yugoslav Braille">Yugoslav</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zambian_Braille" title="Zambian Braille">Zambian</a></span></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nordic family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Braille" title="Estonian Braille">Estonian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Faroese_Braille" title="Faroese Braille">Faroese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Braille" title="Icelandic Braille">Icelandic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Braille" title="Scandinavian Braille">Scandinavian</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Danish</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Finnish</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Greenlandic</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Northern_S%C3%A1mi_Braille" title="Northern Sámi Braille">Northern Sámi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Norwegian</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Swedish</span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian lineage family<br />i.e. <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabets" title="Cyrillic alphabets">Cyrillic</a>-mediated scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Braille" title="Belarusian Braille">Belarusian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Braille" title="Bulgarian Braille">Bulgarian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Braille" title="Kazakh Braille">Kazakh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_Braille" title="Kyrgyz Braille">Kyrgyz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Braille" title="Mongolian Braille">Mongolian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Braille" title="Russian Braille">Russian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tatar_Braille" title="Tatar Braille">Tatar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Braille" title="Ukrainian Braille">Ukrainian</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Egyptian lineage family<br />i.e. <a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Arabic</a>-mediated scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arabic_Braille" title="Arabic Braille">Arabic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Persian_Braille" title="Persian Braille">Persian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Urdu_Braille" title="Urdu Braille">Urdu</a> (Pakistan)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian lineage family<br />i.e. <a href="/wiki/Bharati_Braille" title="Bharati Braille">Bharati Braille</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Devanagari_Braille" title="Devanagari Braille">Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Braille" title="Bengali Braille">Bengali (Bangla / Assamese)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_Braille" title="Gujarati Braille">Gujarati</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kannada_Braille" title="Kannada Braille">Kannada</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_Braille" title="Malayalam Braille">Malayalam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Odia_Braille" title="Odia Braille">Odia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Braille" title="Punjabi Braille">Punjabi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_Braille" title="Sinhala Braille">Sinhala</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Braille" title="Tamil Braille">Tamil</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Telugu_Braille" title="Telugu Braille">Telugu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Urdu_Braille" title="Urdu Braille">Urdu</a> (India)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ge%27ez_Braille" class="mw-redirect" title="Ge'ez Braille">Amharic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Braille" title="Armenian Braille">Armenian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burmese_Braille" title="Burmese Braille">Burmese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dzongkha_Braille" title="Dzongkha Braille">Dzongkha</a> (Bhutanese)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Braille" title="Georgian Braille">Georgian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greek_Braille" title="Greek Braille">Greek</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Braille" title="Hebrew Braille">Hebrew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Inuktitut_Braille" title="Inuktitut Braille">Inuktitut</a> (reassigned vowels)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Khmer_Braille" title="Khmer Braille">Khmer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thai_and_Lao_Braille" title="Thai and Lao Braille">Thai and Lao</a> (Japanese vowels)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Braille" title="Tibetan Braille">Tibetan</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reordered</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Braille" title="Algerian Braille">Algerian Braille</a> (obsolete)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Frequency-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/American_Braille" title="American Braille">American Braille</a> (obsolete)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Chinese semi-syllabaries</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_Braille" title="Cantonese Braille">Cantonese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Chinese_Braille" title="Mainland Chinese Braille">Mainland Chinese Mandarin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Braille" title="Taiwanese Braille">Taiwanese Mandarin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Two-cell_Chinese_Braille" title="Two-cell Chinese Braille">Two-cell Chinese (Shuangpin)</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Braille" title="Japanese Braille">Japanese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Korean_Braille" title="Korean Braille">Korean</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eight-dot</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish_Braille" title="Luxembourgish Braille">Luxembourgish</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_kanji" title="Braille kanji">Kanji</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gardner%E2%80%93Salinas_braille_codes" title="Gardner–Salinas braille codes">Gardner–Salinas braille codes</a> (GS8)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols in braille</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_music" title="Braille music">Braille music</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_currency_tactile_feature" title="Canadian currency tactile feature">Canadian currency marks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Computer_Braille_Code" title="Computer Braille Code">Computer Braille Code</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gardner%E2%80%93Salinas_braille_codes" title="Gardner–Salinas braille codes">Gardner–Salinas braille codes</a> (science; GS8/GS6)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/IPA_Braille" title="IPA Braille">International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nemeth_Braille" title="Nemeth Braille">Nemeth braille code</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Braille_technology" title="Braille technology">Braille technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_e-book" title="Braille e-book">Braille e-book</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_embosser" title="Braille embosser">Braille embosser</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_translator" title="Braille translator">Braille translator</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_watch" title="Braille watch">Braille watch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mountbatten_Brailler" title="Mountbatten Brailler">Mountbatten Brailler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Optical_braille_recognition" title="Optical braille recognition">Optical braille recognition</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Perforation" title="Perforation">Perforation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Perkins_Brailler" title="Perkins Brailler">Perkins Brailler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Refreshable_braille_display" title="Refreshable braille display">Refreshable braille display</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Slate_and_stylus" title="Slate and stylus">Slate and stylus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braigo" title="Braigo">Braigo</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Braille" title="Louis Braille">Louis Braille</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Barbier" title="Charles Barbier">Charles Barbier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3%C5%BCa_Czacka" title="Róża Czacka">Róża Czacka</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Valentin_Ha%C3%BCy" title="Valentin Haüy">Valentin Haüy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harris_Mowbray" title="Harris Mowbray">Harris Mowbray</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thakur_Vishva_Narain_Singh" title="Thakur Vishva Narain Singh">Thakur Vishva Narain Singh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sabriye_Tenberken" title="Sabriye Tenberken">Sabriye Tenberken</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Bell_Wait" title="William Bell Wait">William Bell Wait</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_Institute_of_America" title="Braille Institute of America">Braille Institute of America</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_Without_Borders" title="Braille Without Borders">Braille Without Borders</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japan_Braille_Library" title="Japan Braille Library">Japan Braille Library</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Braille_Association" title="National Braille Association">National Braille Association</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Category:Blindness_organizations" title="Category:Blindness organizations">Blindness organizations</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Category:Schools_for_the_blind" title="Category:Schools for the blind">Schools for the blind</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/American_Printing_House_for_the_Blind" title="American Printing House for the Blind">American Printing House for the Blind</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Tactile_alphabet" title="Tactile alphabet">tactile alphabets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Decapoint" title="Decapoint">Decapoint</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Moon_type" title="Moon type">Moon type</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Point" title="New York Point">New York Point</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Night_writing" title="Night writing">Night writing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vibratese" title="Vibratese">Vibratese</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Accessible_publishing" title="Accessible publishing">Accessible publishing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_literacy" title="Braille literacy">Braille literacy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/RoboBraille" title="RoboBraille">RoboBraille</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style 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