CINXE.COM
About | Solidity Programming Language
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><title>About | Solidity Programming Language</title><meta name="title" content="About | Solidity Programming Language"/><meta name="description" content="Solidity is a statically-typed curly-braces programming language designed for developing smart contracts that run on Ethereum."/><meta name="application-name" content="Solidity Programming Language"/><meta name="image" content="https://soliditylang.org/assets/logo-og-image.png"/><meta property="og:title" content="About | Solidity Programming Language"/><meta property="og:description" content="Solidity is a statically-typed curly-braces programming language designed for developing smart contracts that run on Ethereum."/><meta property="og:type" content="website"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Solidity Programming Language"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://soliditylang.org/about/"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://soliditylang.org/assets/logo-og-image.png"/><meta property="og:image:url" content="https://soliditylang.org/assets/logo-og-image.png"/><meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://soliditylang.org/assets/logo-og-image.png"/><meta property="og:image:alt" content="Solidity Programming Language"/><meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta property="twitter:url" content="https://soliditylang.org/about/"/><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@solidity_lang"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@solidity_lang"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="About | Solidity Programming Language"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="Solidity is a statically-typed curly-braces programming language designed for developing smart contracts that run on Ethereum."/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://soliditylang.org/assets/logo-og-image.png/#"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="/assets/favicon.ico"/><link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="26"/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/fd8cb407a7e59580.css" as="style" crossorigin=""/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/fd8cb407a7e59580.css" crossorigin="" data-n-g=""/><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" crossorigin="" nomodule="" src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-c67a75d1b6f99dc8.js"></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-75730e2cf583e521.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/framework-4a6a356f1776692e.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-e622cdd75f197884.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-df13f2db3d4111bb.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/about-f3f28f275b0d1366.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/WP-0HWRW-g0Fgs_qyxzRX/_buildManifest.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/WP-0HWRW-g0Fgs_qyxzRX/_ssgManifest.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script></head><body><script id="chakra-script">!(function(){try{var a=function(c){var v="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)",h=window.matchMedia(v).matches?"dark":"light",r=c==="system"?h:c,o=document.documentElement,s=document.body,l="chakra-ui-light",d="chakra-ui-dark",i=r==="dark";return s.classList.add(i?d:l),s.classList.remove(i?l:d),o.style.colorScheme=r,o.dataset.theme=r,r},n=a,m="system",e="chakra-ui-color-mode",t=localStorage.getItem(e);t?a(t):localStorage.setItem(e,a(m))}catch(a){}})();</script><div id="__next"><style data-emotion="css-global 75uvw6">:host,:root,[data-theme]{--chakra-ring-inset:var(--chakra-empty,/*!*/ /*!*/);--chakra-ring-offset-width:0px;--chakra-ring-offset-color:#fff;--chakra-ring-color:rgba(66, 153, 225, 0.6);--chakra-ring-offset-shadow:0 0 #0000;--chakra-ring-shadow:0 0 #0000;--chakra-space-x-reverse:0;--chakra-space-y-reverse:0;--chakra-colors-transparent:transparent;--chakra-colors-current:currentColor;--chakra-colors-black:#000000;--chakra-colors-white:#FFFFFF;--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-50:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-100:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-200:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-300:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-400:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.24);--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-500:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.36);--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-600:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.48);--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-700:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.64);--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-800:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.80);--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-900:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);--chakra-colors-blackAlpha-50:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);--chakra-colors-blackAlpha-100:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);--chakra-colors-blackAlpha-200:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);--chakra-colors-blackAlpha-300:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16);--chakra-colors-blackAlpha-400:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24);--chakra-colors-blackAlpha-500:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.36);--chakra-colors-blackAlpha-600:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.48);--chakra-colors-blackAlpha-700:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.64);--chakra-colors-blackAlpha-800:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.80);--chakra-colors-blackAlpha-900:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.92);--chakra-colors-gray-50:#FAF8FF;--chakra-colors-gray-100:#EDF2F7;--chakra-colors-gray-200:#E6E3EC;--chakra-colors-gray-300:#CBD5E0;--chakra-colors-gray-400:#A0AEC0;--chakra-colors-gray-500:#718096;--chakra-colors-gray-600:#4A5568;--chakra-colors-gray-700:#2D3748;--chakra-colors-gray-800:#1A202C;--chakra-colors-gray-900:#171923;--chakra-colors-red-50:#FFF5F5;--chakra-colors-red-100:#FED7D7;--chakra-colors-red-200:#FEB2B2;--chakra-colors-red-300:#FC8181;--chakra-colors-red-400:#F56565;--chakra-colors-red-500:#E53E3E;--chakra-colors-red-600:#C53030;--chakra-colors-red-700:#9B2C2C;--chakra-colors-red-800:#822727;--chakra-colors-red-900:#63171B;--chakra-colors-orange-50:#FFFAF0;--chakra-colors-orange-100:#FEEBC8;--chakra-colors-orange-200:#FBD38D;--chakra-colors-orange-300:#F6AD55;--chakra-colors-orange-400:#ED8936;--chakra-colors-orange-500:#DD6B20;--chakra-colors-orange-600:#C05621;--chakra-colors-orange-700:#9C4221;--chakra-colors-orange-800:#7B341E;--chakra-colors-orange-900:#652B19;--chakra-colors-yellow-50:#FFFFF0;--chakra-colors-yellow-100:#FEFCBF;--chakra-colors-yellow-200:#FAF089;--chakra-colors-yellow-300:#F6E05E;--chakra-colors-yellow-400:#ECC94B;--chakra-colors-yellow-500:#D69E2E;--chakra-colors-yellow-600:#B7791F;--chakra-colors-yellow-700:#975A16;--chakra-colors-yellow-800:#744210;--chakra-colors-yellow-900:#5F370E;--chakra-colors-green-50:#F0FFF4;--chakra-colors-green-100:#C6F6D5;--chakra-colors-green-200:#9AE6B4;--chakra-colors-green-300:#68D391;--chakra-colors-green-400:#48BB78;--chakra-colors-green-500:#38A169;--chakra-colors-green-600:#2F855A;--chakra-colors-green-700:#276749;--chakra-colors-green-800:#22543D;--chakra-colors-green-900:#1C4532;--chakra-colors-teal-50:#E6FFFA;--chakra-colors-teal-100:#B2F5EA;--chakra-colors-teal-200:#81E6D9;--chakra-colors-teal-300:#4FD1C5;--chakra-colors-teal-400:#38B2AC;--chakra-colors-teal-500:#319795;--chakra-colors-teal-600:#2C7A7B;--chakra-colors-teal-700:#285E61;--chakra-colors-teal-800:#234E52;--chakra-colors-teal-900:#1D4044;--chakra-colors-blue-50:#ebf8ff;--chakra-colors-blue-100:#bee3f8;--chakra-colors-blue-200:#AEC0F1;--chakra-colors-blue-300:#63b3ed;--chakra-colors-blue-400:#4299e1;--chakra-colors-blue-500:#3182ce;--chakra-colors-blue-600:#2b6cb0;--chakra-colors-blue-700:#2c5282;--chakra-colors-blue-800:#2a4365;--chakra-colors-blue-900:#110C4E;--chakra-colors-cyan-50:#EDFDFD;--chakra-colors-cyan-100:#C4F1F9;--chakra-colors-cyan-200:#9DECF9;--chakra-colors-cyan-300:#76E4F7;--chakra-colors-cyan-400:#0BC5EA;--chakra-colors-cyan-500:#00B5D8;--chakra-colors-cyan-600:#00A3C4;--chakra-colors-cyan-700:#0987A0;--chakra-colors-cyan-800:#086F83;--chakra-colors-cyan-900:#065666;--chakra-colors-purple-50:#FAF5FF;--chakra-colors-purple-100:#E9D8FD;--chakra-colors-purple-200:#D6BCFA;--chakra-colors-purple-300:#9F94E8;--chakra-colors-purple-400:#9F7AEA;--chakra-colors-purple-500:#5554D9;--chakra-colors-purple-600:#672AC8;--chakra-colors-purple-700:#553C9A;--chakra-colors-purple-800:#44337A;--chakra-colors-purple-900:#2B247C;--chakra-colors-pink-50:#FFF5F7;--chakra-colors-pink-100:#FED7E2;--chakra-colors-pink-200:#FBB6CE;--chakra-colors-pink-300:#F687B3;--chakra-colors-pink-400:#ED64A6;--chakra-colors-pink-500:#D53F8C;--chakra-colors-pink-600:#B83280;--chakra-colors-pink-700:#97266D;--chakra-colors-pink-800:#702459;--chakra-colors-pink-900:#521B41;--chakra-colors-linkedin-50:#E8F4F9;--chakra-colors-linkedin-100:#CFEDFB;--chakra-colors-linkedin-200:#9BDAF3;--chakra-colors-linkedin-300:#68C7EC;--chakra-colors-linkedin-400:#34B3E4;--chakra-colors-linkedin-500:#00A0DC;--chakra-colors-linkedin-600:#008CC9;--chakra-colors-linkedin-700:#0077B5;--chakra-colors-linkedin-800:#005E93;--chakra-colors-linkedin-900:#004471;--chakra-colors-facebook-50:#E8F4F9;--chakra-colors-facebook-100:#D9DEE9;--chakra-colors-facebook-200:#B7C2DA;--chakra-colors-facebook-300:#6482C0;--chakra-colors-facebook-400:#4267B2;--chakra-colors-facebook-500:#385898;--chakra-colors-facebook-600:#314E89;--chakra-colors-facebook-700:#29487D;--chakra-colors-facebook-800:#223B67;--chakra-colors-facebook-900:#1E355B;--chakra-colors-messenger-50:#D0E6FF;--chakra-colors-messenger-100:#B9DAFF;--chakra-colors-messenger-200:#A2CDFF;--chakra-colors-messenger-300:#7AB8FF;--chakra-colors-messenger-400:#2E90FF;--chakra-colors-messenger-500:#0078FF;--chakra-colors-messenger-600:#0063D1;--chakra-colors-messenger-700:#0052AC;--chakra-colors-messenger-800:#003C7E;--chakra-colors-messenger-900:#002C5C;--chakra-colors-whatsapp-50:#dffeec;--chakra-colors-whatsapp-100:#b9f5d0;--chakra-colors-whatsapp-200:#90edb3;--chakra-colors-whatsapp-300:#65e495;--chakra-colors-whatsapp-400:#3cdd78;--chakra-colors-whatsapp-500:#22c35e;--chakra-colors-whatsapp-600:#179848;--chakra-colors-whatsapp-700:#0c6c33;--chakra-colors-whatsapp-800:#01421c;--chakra-colors-whatsapp-900:#001803;--chakra-colors-twitter-50:#E5F4FD;--chakra-colors-twitter-100:#C8E9FB;--chakra-colors-twitter-200:#A8DCFA;--chakra-colors-twitter-300:#83CDF7;--chakra-colors-twitter-400:#57BBF5;--chakra-colors-twitter-500:#1DA1F2;--chakra-colors-twitter-600:#1A94DA;--chakra-colors-twitter-700:#1681BF;--chakra-colors-twitter-800:#136B9E;--chakra-colors-twitter-900:#0D4D71;--chakra-colors-telegram-50:#E3F2F9;--chakra-colors-telegram-100:#C5E4F3;--chakra-colors-telegram-200:#A2D4EC;--chakra-colors-telegram-300:#7AC1E4;--chakra-colors-telegram-400:#47A9DA;--chakra-colors-telegram-500:#0088CC;--chakra-colors-telegram-600:#007AB8;--chakra-colors-telegram-700:#006BA1;--chakra-colors-telegram-800:#005885;--chakra-colors-telegram-900:#003F5E;--chakra-borders-none:0;--chakra-borders-1px:1px solid;--chakra-borders-2px:2px solid;--chakra-borders-4px:4px solid;--chakra-borders-8px:8px solid;--chakra-fonts-heading:'Overpass',sans-serif;--chakra-fonts-body:'Overpass',sans-serif;--chakra-fonts-mono:'Overpass Mono',monospace;--chakra-fontSizes-3xs:0.45rem;--chakra-fontSizes-2xs:0.625rem;--chakra-fontSizes-xs:0.75rem;--chakra-fontSizes-sm:0.875rem;--chakra-fontSizes-md:1rem;--chakra-fontSizes-lg:1.125rem;--chakra-fontSizes-xl:1.25rem;--chakra-fontSizes-2xl:1.5rem;--chakra-fontSizes-3xl:2rem;--chakra-fontSizes-4xl:2.375rem;--chakra-fontSizes-5xl:2.75rem;--chakra-fontSizes-6xl:3.25rem;--chakra-fontSizes-7xl:4rem;--chakra-fontSizes-8xl:6rem;--chakra-fontSizes-9xl:8rem;--chakra-fontWeights-hairline:100;--chakra-fontWeights-thin:200;--chakra-fontWeights-light:300;--chakra-fontWeights-normal:400;--chakra-fontWeights-medium:500;--chakra-fontWeights-semibold:600;--chakra-fontWeights-bold:700;--chakra-fontWeights-extrabold:800;--chakra-fontWeights-black:900;--chakra-letterSpacings-tighter:-0.05em;--chakra-letterSpacings-tight:-0.025em;--chakra-letterSpacings-normal:0;--chakra-letterSpacings-wide:0.025em;--chakra-letterSpacings-wider:0.05em;--chakra-letterSpacings-widest:0.1em;--chakra-lineHeights-3:.75rem;--chakra-lineHeights-4:1rem;--chakra-lineHeights-5:1.25rem;--chakra-lineHeights-6:1.5rem;--chakra-lineHeights-7:1.75rem;--chakra-lineHeights-8:2rem;--chakra-lineHeights-9:2.25rem;--chakra-lineHeights-10:2.5rem;--chakra-lineHeights-normal:normal;--chakra-lineHeights-none:1;--chakra-lineHeights-shorter:1.25;--chakra-lineHeights-short:1.375;--chakra-lineHeights-base:1.5;--chakra-lineHeights-tall:1.625;--chakra-lineHeights-taller:2;--chakra-radii-none:0;--chakra-radii-sm:0.125rem;--chakra-radii-base:0.25rem;--chakra-radii-md:0.375rem;--chakra-radii-lg:0.5rem;--chakra-radii-xl:0.75rem;--chakra-radii-2xl:1rem;--chakra-radii-3xl:1.5rem;--chakra-radii-full:9999px;--chakra-space-1:0.25rem;--chakra-space-2:0.5rem;--chakra-space-3:0.75rem;--chakra-space-4:1rem;--chakra-space-5:1.25rem;--chakra-space-6:1.5rem;--chakra-space-7:1.75rem;--chakra-space-8:2rem;--chakra-space-9:2.25rem;--chakra-space-10:2.5rem;--chakra-space-12:3rem;--chakra-space-14:3.5rem;--chakra-space-16:4rem;--chakra-space-20:5rem;--chakra-space-24:6rem;--chakra-space-28:7rem;--chakra-space-32:8rem;--chakra-space-36:9rem;--chakra-space-40:10rem;--chakra-space-44:11rem;--chakra-space-48:12rem;--chakra-space-52:13rem;--chakra-space-56:14rem;--chakra-space-60:15rem;--chakra-space-64:16rem;--chakra-space-72:18rem;--chakra-space-80:20rem;--chakra-space-96:24rem;--chakra-space-px:1px;--chakra-space-0-5:0.125rem;--chakra-space-1-5:0.375rem;--chakra-space-2-5:0.625rem;--chakra-space-3-5:0.875rem;--chakra-shadows-xs:0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);--chakra-shadows-sm:0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);--chakra-shadows-base:0 1px 3px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1),0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);--chakra-shadows-md:0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1),0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);--chakra-shadows-lg:0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1),0 4px 6px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);--chakra-shadows-xl:0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1),0 10px 10px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);--chakra-shadows-2xl:0 25px 50px -12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);--chakra-shadows-outline:0 0 0 3px rgba(66, 153, 225, 0.6);--chakra-shadows-inner:inset 0 2px 4px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.06);--chakra-shadows-none:none;--chakra-shadows-dark-lg:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 0px 0px 0px 1px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 5px 10px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) 0px 15px 40px;--chakra-sizes-1:0.25rem;--chakra-sizes-2:0.5rem;--chakra-sizes-3:0.75rem;--chakra-sizes-4:1rem;--chakra-sizes-5:1.25rem;--chakra-sizes-6:1.5rem;--chakra-sizes-7:1.75rem;--chakra-sizes-8:2rem;--chakra-sizes-9:2.25rem;--chakra-sizes-10:2.5rem;--chakra-sizes-12:3rem;--chakra-sizes-14:3.5rem;--chakra-sizes-16:4rem;--chakra-sizes-20:5rem;--chakra-sizes-24:6rem;--chakra-sizes-28:7rem;--chakra-sizes-32:8rem;--chakra-sizes-36:9rem;--chakra-sizes-40:10rem;--chakra-sizes-44:11rem;--chakra-sizes-48:12rem;--chakra-sizes-52:13rem;--chakra-sizes-56:14rem;--chakra-sizes-60:15rem;--chakra-sizes-64:16rem;--chakra-sizes-72:18rem;--chakra-sizes-80:20rem;--chakra-sizes-96:24rem;--chakra-sizes-px:1px;--chakra-sizes-0-5:0.125rem;--chakra-sizes-1-5:0.375rem;--chakra-sizes-2-5:0.625rem;--chakra-sizes-3-5:0.875rem;--chakra-sizes-max:max-content;--chakra-sizes-min:min-content;--chakra-sizes-full:100%;--chakra-sizes-3xs:14rem;--chakra-sizes-2xs:16rem;--chakra-sizes-xs:20rem;--chakra-sizes-sm:24rem;--chakra-sizes-md:28rem;--chakra-sizes-lg:32rem;--chakra-sizes-xl:36rem;--chakra-sizes-2xl:42rem;--chakra-sizes-3xl:48rem;--chakra-sizes-4xl:56rem;--chakra-sizes-5xl:64rem;--chakra-sizes-6xl:72rem;--chakra-sizes-7xl:80rem;--chakra-sizes-8xl:90rem;--chakra-sizes-prose:60ch;--chakra-sizes-container-sm:640px;--chakra-sizes-container-md:768px;--chakra-sizes-container-lg:1024px;--chakra-sizes-container-xl:1280px;--chakra-zIndices-hide:-1;--chakra-zIndices-auto:auto;--chakra-zIndices-base:0;--chakra-zIndices-docked:10;--chakra-zIndices-dropdown:1000;--chakra-zIndices-sticky:1100;--chakra-zIndices-banner:1200;--chakra-zIndices-overlay:1300;--chakra-zIndices-modal:1400;--chakra-zIndices-popover:1500;--chakra-zIndices-skipLink:1600;--chakra-zIndices-toast:1700;--chakra-zIndices-tooltip:1800;--chakra-transition-property-common:background-color,border-color,color,fill,stroke,opacity,box-shadow,transform;--chakra-transition-property-colors:background-color,border-color,color,fill,stroke;--chakra-transition-property-dimensions:width,height;--chakra-transition-property-position:left,right,top,bottom;--chakra-transition-property-background:background-color,background-image,background-position;--chakra-transition-easing-ease-in:cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 1, 1);--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out:cubic-bezier(0, 0, 0.2, 1);--chakra-transition-easing-ease-in-out:cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);--chakra-transition-duration-ultra-fast:50ms;--chakra-transition-duration-faster:100ms;--chakra-transition-duration-fast:150ms;--chakra-transition-duration-normal:200ms;--chakra-transition-duration-slow:300ms;--chakra-transition-duration-slower:400ms;--chakra-transition-duration-ultra-slow:500ms;--chakra-blur-none:0;--chakra-blur-sm:4px;--chakra-blur-base:8px;--chakra-blur-md:12px;--chakra-blur-lg:16px;--chakra-blur-xl:24px;--chakra-blur-2xl:40px;--chakra-blur-3xl:64px;--chakra-breakpoints-base:0em;--chakra-breakpoints-sm:30em;--chakra-breakpoints-md:48em;--chakra-breakpoints-lg:62em;--chakra-breakpoints-xl:80em;--chakra-breakpoints-2xl:96em;--chakra-colors-text:var(--chakra-colors-a);--chakra-colors-secondary:var(--chakra-colors-b);--chakra-colors-primary:var(--chakra-colors-c);--chakra-colors-highlight:var(--chakra-colors-d);--chakra-colors-bg:var(--chakra-colors-f);--chakra-colors-border:var(--chakra-colors-a);--chakra-colors-header:var(--chakra-colors-c);}.chakra-ui-light :host:not([data-theme]),.chakra-ui-light :root:not([data-theme]),.chakra-ui-light [data-theme]:not([data-theme]),[data-theme=light] :host:not([data-theme]),[data-theme=light] :root:not([data-theme]),[data-theme=light] [data-theme]:not([data-theme]),:host[data-theme=light],:root[data-theme=light],[data-theme][data-theme=light]{--chakra-colors-chakra-body-text:var(--chakra-colors-gray-800);--chakra-colors-chakra-body-bg:var(--chakra-colors-white);--chakra-colors-chakra-border-color:var(--chakra-colors-gray-200);--chakra-colors-chakra-inverse-text:var(--chakra-colors-white);--chakra-colors-chakra-subtle-bg:var(--chakra-colors-gray-100);--chakra-colors-chakra-subtle-text:var(--chakra-colors-gray-600);--chakra-colors-chakra-placeholder-color:var(--chakra-colors-gray-500);--chakra-colors-a:var(--chakra-colors-purple-900);--chakra-colors-b:var(--chakra-colors-purple-600);--chakra-colors-c:var(--chakra-colors-purple-500);--chakra-colors-d:var(--chakra-colors-purple-300);--chakra-colors-e:var(--chakra-colors-blue-200);--chakra-colors-f:var(--chakra-colors-gray-200);--chakra-colors-mode:var(--chakra-colors-gray-50);--chakra-colors-error:var(--chakra-colors-red-500);}.chakra-ui-dark :host:not([data-theme]),.chakra-ui-dark :root:not([data-theme]),.chakra-ui-dark [data-theme]:not([data-theme]),[data-theme=dark] :host:not([data-theme]),[data-theme=dark] :root:not([data-theme]),[data-theme=dark] [data-theme]:not([data-theme]),:host[data-theme=dark],:root[data-theme=dark],[data-theme][data-theme=dark]{--chakra-colors-chakra-body-text:var(--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-900);--chakra-colors-chakra-body-bg:var(--chakra-colors-gray-800);--chakra-colors-chakra-border-color:var(--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-300);--chakra-colors-chakra-inverse-text:var(--chakra-colors-gray-800);--chakra-colors-chakra-subtle-bg:var(--chakra-colors-gray-700);--chakra-colors-chakra-subtle-text:var(--chakra-colors-gray-400);--chakra-colors-chakra-placeholder-color:var(--chakra-colors-whiteAlpha-400);--chakra-colors-a:var(--chakra-colors-gray-200);--chakra-colors-b:var(--chakra-colors-blue-200);--chakra-colors-c:var(--chakra-colors-purple-300);--chakra-colors-d:var(--chakra-colors-purple-500);--chakra-colors-e:var(--chakra-colors-purple-600);--chakra-colors-f:var(--chakra-colors-purple-900);--chakra-colors-mode:var(--chakra-colors-blue-900);--chakra-colors-error:var(--chakra-colors-red-300);}</style><style data-emotion="css-global fubdgu">html{line-height:1.5;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:system-ui,sans-serif;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;touch-action:manipulation;}body{position:relative;min-height:100%;margin:0;font-feature-settings:"kern";}:where(*, *::before, *::after){border-width:0;border-style:solid;box-sizing:border-box;word-wrap:break-word;}main{display:block;}hr{border-top-width:1px;box-sizing:content-box;height:0;overflow:visible;}:where(pre, code, kbd,samp){font-family:SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;font-size:1em;}a{background-color:transparent;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;}abbr[title]{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted;}:where(b, strong){font-weight:bold;}small{font-size:80%;}:where(sub,sup){font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline;}sub{bottom:-0.25em;}sup{top:-0.5em;}img{border-style:none;}:where(button, input, optgroup, select, textarea){font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0;}:where(button, input){overflow:visible;}:where(button, select){text-transform:none;}:where( button::-moz-focus-inner, [type="button"]::-moz-focus-inner, [type="reset"]::-moz-focus-inner, [type="submit"]::-moz-focus-inner ){border-style:none;padding:0;}fieldset{padding:0.35em 0.75em 0.625em;}legend{box-sizing:border-box;color:inherit;display:table;max-width:100%;padding:0;white-space:normal;}progress{vertical-align:baseline;}textarea{overflow:auto;}:where([type="checkbox"], [type="radio"]){box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;}input[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,input[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{-webkit-appearance:none!important;}input[type="number"]{-moz-appearance:textfield;}input[type="search"]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px;}input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none!important;}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit;}details{display:block;}summary{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-list-item;display:-ms-list-itembox;display:list-item;}template{display:none;}[hidden]{display:none!important;}:where( blockquote, dl, dd, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, hr, figure, p, pre ){margin:0;}button{background:transparent;padding:0;}fieldset{margin:0;padding:0;}:where(ol, ul){margin:0;padding:0;}textarea{resize:vertical;}:where(button, [role="button"]){cursor:pointer;}button::-moz-focus-inner{border:0!important;}table{border-collapse:collapse;}:where(h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6){font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;}:where(button, input, optgroup, select, textarea){padding:0;line-height:inherit;color:inherit;}:where(img, svg, video, canvas, audio, iframe, embed, object){display:block;}:where(img, video){max-width:100%;height:auto;}[data-js-focus-visible] :focus:not([data-focus-visible-added]):not( [data-focus-visible-disabled] ){outline:none;box-shadow:none;}select::-ms-expand{display:none;}:root,:host{--chakra-vh:100vh;}@supports (height: -webkit-fill-available){:root,:host{--chakra-vh:-webkit-fill-available;}}@supports (height: -moz-fill-available){:root,:host{--chakra-vh:-moz-fill-available;}}@supports (height: 100dvh){:root,:host{--chakra-vh:100dvh;}}</style><style data-emotion="css-global 1786uc">body{font-family:var(--chakra-fonts-body);color:var(--chakra-colors-text);background:var(--chakra-colors-bg);transition-property:background-color;transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-normal);line-height:var(--chakra-lineHeights-base);-webkit-transition:background 200ms linear!important;transition:background 200ms linear!important;}*::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:var(--chakra-colors-chakra-placeholder-color);}*::-moz-placeholder{color:var(--chakra-colors-chakra-placeholder-color);}*:-ms-input-placeholder{color:var(--chakra-colors-chakra-placeholder-color);}*::placeholder{color:var(--chakra-colors-chakra-placeholder-color);}*,*::before,::after{border-color:var(--chakra-colors-chakra-border-color);}*{box-sizing:border-box;scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-margin-top:5rem;padding:0px;margin:0px;}p{line-height:1.7;}p:not(:last-of-type){margin-bottom:var(--chakra-space-4);}</style><style data-emotion="css-global xhogr1">@import url("https://fonts.cdnfonts.com/css/overpass");@import url("https://fonts.cdnfonts.com/css/overpass-mono");</style><style data-emotion="css mglw4y">.css-mglw4y{font-family:var(--chakra-fonts-body);font-weight:regular;font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-md);color:var(--chakra-colors-text);max-width:var(--chakra-sizes-container-xl);-webkit-margin-start:auto;margin-inline-start:auto;-webkit-margin-end:auto;margin-inline-end:auto;}</style><div class="css-mglw4y"><style data-emotion="css 1qqdbqy">.css-1qqdbqy{position:fixed;top:0px;inset-inline:0px;height:72px;background:var(--chakra-colors-bg);z-index:var(--chakra-zIndices-sticky);-webkit-transition:background 200ms linear!important;transition:background 200ms linear!important;box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-md);}</style><div class="css-1qqdbqy" style="opacity:0"></div><style data-emotion="css 1n8t353">.css-1n8t353{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;z-index:var(--chakra-zIndices-sticky);-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:end;justify-content:end;top:0px;-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-4);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-4);background:var(--chakra-colors-transparent);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(3px);backdrop-filter:blur(3px);}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-1n8t353{-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-8);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-8);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-8);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-8);}}</style><div class="css-1n8t353"><style data-emotion="css e31vc0">.css-e31vc0{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;position:absolute;top:var(--chakra-space-4);left:var(--chakra-space-4);-webkit-align-items:end;-webkit-box-align:end;-ms-flex-align:end;align-items:end;transform-origin:top left;}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-e31vc0{left:var(--chakra-space-8);}}</style><div class="css-e31vc0" style="transform:translateY(0px) scale(0.25) translateZ(0)"><style data-emotion="css 15y7iaj">.css-15y7iaj{transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-fast);transition-timing-function:var(--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out);cursor:pointer;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;display:block;}.css-15y7iaj:focus-visible,.css-15y7iaj[data-focus-visible]{box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-outline);}.css-15y7iaj:hover,.css-15y7iaj[data-hover]{color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}</style><a class="chakra-link css-15y7iaj" aria-label="Go home" href="/"><style data-emotion="css 10om80z">.css-10om80z{width:100px;height:160px;display:inline-block;line-height:1em;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;color:currentColor;vertical-align:middle;fill:currentColor;}</style><svg viewBox="0 0 100 160" focusable="false" class="chakra-icon css-10om80z"><path opacity="0.8" d="M50 44.3013L25 1L0 44.3013L25 87.6025L50 44.3013Z"></path><path opacity="0.45" d="M50 44.3091L75 1.00781L25 1.00781L0 44.3091H50Z"></path><path opacity="0.6" d="M75 1.00781L25 1.00781L50 44.3091H100L75 1.00781Z"></path><path opacity="0.8" d="M50 115.699L75 159L100 115.699L75 72.3975L50 115.699Z"></path><path opacity="0.45" d="M50 115.691L25 158.993H75L100 115.691L50 115.691Z"></path><path opacity="0.6" d="M25 158.993H75L50 115.691L0 115.691L25 158.993Z"></path></svg></a></div><style data-emotion="css 1gd6qsd">.css-1gd6qsd{pointer-events:none;margin:auto;opacity:0;-webkit-transition:opacity 200ms ease-in-out;transition:opacity 200ms ease-in-out;font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-sm);-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-1);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-1);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-1);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-1);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-0-5);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-0-5);white-space:nowrap;display:none;}.css-1gd6qsd:focus,.css-1gd6qsd[data-focus]{opacity:1;-webkit-transition:opacity 200ms ease-in-out;transition:opacity 200ms ease-in-out;}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-1gd6qsd{display:block;}}</style><a href="#content" class="css-1gd6qsd">{ <!-- -->skip to content<!-- --> }</a><style data-emotion="css 1tj8hf9">.css-1tj8hf9{display:none;height:-webkit-fit-content;height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-1tj8hf9{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}}</style><nav class="css-1tj8hf9"><style data-emotion="css 13exh9n">.css-13exh9n{transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-fast);transition-timing-function:var(--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out);cursor:pointer;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-2);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-1);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-1);font-family:var(--chakra-fonts-mono);letter-spacing:-0.02em;background:none;box-sizing:content-box;border-bottom:var(--chakra-borders-1px);border-color:var(--chakra-colors-transparent);font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-sm);}.css-13exh9n:focus-visible,.css-13exh9n[data-focus-visible]{box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-outline);}.css-13exh9n:hover,.css-13exh9n[data-hover]{color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);border-color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}</style><a class="chakra-link css-13exh9n" href="/blog/">Blog</a><a class="chakra-link css-13exh9n" href="https://docs.soliditylang.org/?color=light">Documentation</a><a class="chakra-link css-13exh9n" href="/use-cases/">Use cases</a><a class="chakra-link css-13exh9n" href="https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/contributing.html?color=light">Contribute</a><style data-emotion="css q8j7i">.css-q8j7i{transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-fast);transition-timing-function:var(--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out);cursor:pointer;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-2);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-1);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-1);font-family:var(--chakra-fonts-mono);letter-spacing:-0.02em;background:var(--chakra-colors-mode);box-sizing:content-box;border-bottom:var(--chakra-borders-1px);border-color:var(--chakra-colors-transparent);font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-sm);}.css-q8j7i:focus-visible,.css-q8j7i[data-focus-visible]{box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-outline);}.css-q8j7i:hover,.css-q8j7i[data-hover]{color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);border-color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}</style><a class="chakra-link css-q8j7i" href="/about/">About</a><style data-emotion="css m5jmed">.css-m5jmed{transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-fast);transition-timing-function:var(--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out);cursor:pointer;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-2);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-1);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-1);font-family:var(--chakra-fonts-mono);letter-spacing:-0.02em;background:none;box-sizing:content-box;border-bottom:var(--chakra-borders-1px);border-color:var(--chakra-colors-transparent);font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-sm);}.css-m5jmed:focus-visible,.css-m5jmed[data-focus-visible]{box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-outline);}.css-m5jmed::after{content:" ↗︎";white-space:nowrap;}.css-m5jmed:hover,.css-m5jmed[data-hover]{color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);border-color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}</style><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-m5jmed" href="https://forum.soliditylang.org/">Forum</a><style data-emotion="css phdjkr">.css-phdjkr{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;appearance:none;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;position:relative;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:middle;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;line-height:1.2;font-weight:var(--chakra-fontWeights-semibold);transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-normal);height:var(--chakra-sizes-10);min-width:var(--chakra-sizes-10);font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-md);-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-4);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-4);padding:0px;border-radius:var(--chakra-radii-none);color:var(--chakra-colors-text);}.css-phdjkr:disabled,.css-phdjkr[disabled],.css-phdjkr[aria-disabled=true],.css-phdjkr[data-disabled]{opacity:0.4;cursor:not-allowed;box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-none);}.css-phdjkr:active,.css-phdjkr[data-active]{background:var(--chakra-colors-gray-200);}.css-phdjkr:hover,.css-phdjkr[data-hover]{background:none;color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}.css-phdjkr:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--chakra-colors-primary);outline-offset:-6px;}</style><button type="button" class="chakra-button css-phdjkr" aria-label="Toggle light/dark"><style data-emotion="css onkibi">.css-onkibi{width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;line-height:1em;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;color:currentColor;vertical-align:middle;}</style><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" focusable="false" class="chakra-icon css-onkibi" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21.4,13.7C20.6,13.9,19.8,14,19,14c-5,0-9-4-9-9c0-0.8,0.1-1.6,0.3-2.4c0.1-0.3,0-0.7-0.3-1 c-0.3-0.3-0.6-0.4-1-0.3C4.3,2.7,1,7.1,1,12c0,6.1,4.9,11,11,11c4.9,0,9.3-3.3,10.6-8.1c0.1-0.3,0-0.7-0.3-1 C22.1,13.7,21.7,13.6,21.4,13.7z"></path></svg></button></nav><style data-emotion="css 1r91fyb">.css-1r91fyb{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:var(--chakra-space-2);}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-1r91fyb{display:none;}}</style><nav class="css-1r91fyb"><button type="button" class="chakra-button css-phdjkr" aria-label="Toggle light/dark"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" focusable="false" class="chakra-icon css-onkibi" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21.4,13.7C20.6,13.9,19.8,14,19,14c-5,0-9-4-9-9c0-0.8,0.1-1.6,0.3-2.4c0.1-0.3,0-0.7-0.3-1 c-0.3-0.3-0.6-0.4-1-0.3C4.3,2.7,1,7.1,1,12c0,6.1,4.9,11,11,11c4.9,0,9.3-3.3,10.6-8.1c0.1-0.3,0-0.7-0.3-1 C22.1,13.7,21.7,13.6,21.4,13.7z"></path></svg></button><button type="button" class="chakra-button css-phdjkr" aria-label="Open menu"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" focusable="false" class="chakra-icon css-onkibi" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" d="M 3 5 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 1 0 3 7 L 21 7 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 1 0 21 5 L 3 5 z M 3 11 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 1 0 3 13 L 21 13 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 1 0 21 11 L 3 11 z M 3 17 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 1 0 3 19 L 21 19 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 1 0 21 17 L 3 17 z"></path></svg></button></nav></div><main id="content" class="css-0"><style data-emotion="css xc14l9">.css-xc14l9{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-4);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-28);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-10);gap:var(--chakra-space-8);-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;text-align:center;position:relative;}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-xc14l9{-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-8);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-8);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-8);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-8);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-56);}}@media screen and (min-width: 62em){.css-xc14l9{padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-12);}}</style><section class="css-xc14l9"><style data-emotion="css 1jggf6h">.css-1jggf6h{font-family:var(--chakra-fonts-mono);font-weight:700;font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-5xl);color:var(--chakra-colors-text);line-height:1.1;text-wrap:balance;position:relative;text-transform:lowercase;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;white-space:normal;}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-1jggf6h{font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-7xl);}}.css-1jggf6h::after{content:"_";display:inline-block;width:0%;overflow-x:visible;color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);-webkit-animation:blink-cursor 1.25s step-end infinite;animation:blink-cursor 1.25s step-end infinite;}@-webkit-keyframes blink-cursor{from,to{opacity:0;}50%{opacity:1;}}@keyframes blink-cursor{from,to{opacity:0;}50%{opacity:1;}}</style><h1 class="chakra-text css-1jggf6h">{About}</h1><style data-emotion="css 1irgbuf">.css-1irgbuf{max-width:var(--chakra-sizes-container-md);font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-2xl);}</style><div class="css-1irgbuf">Solidity is a statically-typed curly-braces programming language designed for developing smart contracts that run on the Ethereum Virtual Machine.</div><style data-emotion="css gn3gl6">.css-gn3gl6{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;gap:var(--chakra-space-5);-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:var(--chakra-sizes-full);}@media screen and (min-width: 30em){.css-gn3gl6{-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;}}</style><div class="css-gn3gl6"><style data-emotion="css mjnkft">.css-mjnkft{transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-fast);transition-timing-function:var(--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out);cursor:pointer;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none!important;text-decoration:none!important;width:var(--chakra-sizes-full);box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:var(--chakra-fontWeights-bold);}.css-mjnkft:focus-visible,.css-mjnkft[data-focus-visible]{box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-outline);}@media screen and (min-width: 30em){.css-mjnkft{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;}}.css-mjnkft:hover,.css-mjnkft[data-hover]{color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}</style><a class="chakra-link css-mjnkft" data-group="true" href="https://docs.soliditylang.org/?color=light"><style data-emotion="css 1vodfkz">.css-1vodfkz{color:var(--chakra-colors-bg);background:var(--chakra-colors-text);font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-md);border-radius:var(--chakra-radii-none);-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-6);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-6);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-6);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-6);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-2);text-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:var(--chakra-sizes-full);}[role=group]:hover .css-1vodfkz,[role=group][data-hover] .css-1vodfkz,[data-group]:hover .css-1vodfkz,[data-group][data-hover] .css-1vodfkz,.group:hover .css-1vodfkz,.group[data-hover] .css-1vodfkz{background:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}@media screen and (min-width: 30em){.css-1vodfkz{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;}}</style><div class="css-1vodfkz">Get started</div></a><a class="chakra-link css-mjnkft" data-group="true" href="https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/contributing.html?color=light"><div class="css-1vodfkz">Contribute</div></a></div></section><style data-emotion="css 3mtrkl">.css-3mtrkl{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-4);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-4);gap:var(--chakra-space-4);max-width:var(--chakra-sizes-container-md);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-24);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-24);-webkit-margin-start:auto;margin-inline-start:auto;-webkit-margin-end:auto;margin-inline-end:auto;background-image:url(/assets/about-bg.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-position:top center;background-position:top center;}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-3mtrkl{-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-8);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-8);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-8);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-8);}}</style><article class="css-3mtrkl"><p class="chakra-text css-0"><b>Solidity</b> is a powerful programming language designed specifically for writing smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. With Solidity, developers can define the rules and behavior of<!-- --> <b>decentralized applications (DApps)</b>.</p><p class="chakra-text css-0">Smart contracts are programs that are executed inside a peer-to-peer network where nobody has special authority over the execution, and thus they allow to implement tokens of value, ownership, voting and other kinds of logics.</p><p class="chakra-text css-0">Note that when deploying contracts, you should use the latest released version of Solidity. This is because breaking changes as well as new features and bug fixes are introduced regularly.</p><p class="chakra-text css-0">Solidity was publicly previewed for the first time in November 2014 at <!-- --> <style data-emotion="css 1sdh4o4">.css-1sdh4o4{transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-fast);transition-timing-function:var(--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out);cursor:pointer;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;}.css-1sdh4o4:focus-visible,.css-1sdh4o4[data-focus-visible]{box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-outline);}.css-1sdh4o4::after{content:" ↗︎";white-space:nowrap;}.css-1sdh4o4:hover,.css-1sdh4o4[data-hover]{color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}</style><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-1sdh4o4" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DIqGDNPO5YM&feature=emb_title">Devcon0</a>. Versioning for Solidity was <!-- --> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-1sdh4o4" href="https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/commits/15dc5954c3a2e2a9ce96f2f77d41adef98a4cced">committed</a>. into the codebase on July 9, 2015, marking Solidity Version 0.0.1. However, v0.1.0 wasn't an actual release yet, and builds of it are not available anymore. You can read more about Solidity's history in the 5 year celebration post from 2020 <!-- --> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-1sdh4o4" href="https://soliditylang.org/blog/2020/07/08/solidity-turns-5/">here</a>.</p><p class="chakra-text css-0">The Solidity programming language is an <b>open-source</b>, community project governed by a core team. The core team is sponsored by the <!-- --> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-1sdh4o4" href="https://ethereum.foundation/">Ethereum Foundation</a>.</p></article></main><style data-emotion="css yqkimu">.css-yqkimu{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-align-items:start;-webkit-box-align:start;-ms-flex-align:start;align-items:start;padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-24);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-12);-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-4);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-4);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-4);gap:var(--chakra-space-10);}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-yqkimu{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-8);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-8);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-8);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-8);}}</style><footer class="css-yqkimu"><style data-emotion="css 1p5lkn8">.css-1p5lkn8{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-align-items:start;-webkit-box-align:start;-ms-flex-align:start;align-items:start;gap:var(--chakra-space-1);}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-1p5lkn8{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}}</style><div class="css-1p5lkn8"><style data-emotion="css 1svhtxd">.css-1svhtxd{font-family:var(--chakra-fonts-mono);font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-md);color:var(--chakra-colors-secondary);font-weight:var(--chakra-fontWeights-bold);}</style><p class="chakra-text css-1svhtxd">Get involved</p><style data-emotion="css f1r7lu">.css-f1r7lu{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-column-gap:var(--chakra-space-8);column-gap:var(--chakra-space-8);-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-f1r7lu{-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;}}</style><div class="css-f1r7lu"><style data-emotion="css f9g02g">.css-f9g02g{transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-fast);transition-timing-function:var(--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out);cursor:pointer;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;}.css-f9g02g:focus-visible,.css-f9g02g[data-focus-visible]{box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-outline);}.css-f9g02g:hover,.css-f9g02g[data-hover]{color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}</style><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-f9g02g" href="https://github.com/ethereum/solidity"><style data-emotion="css 1k9efnl">.css-1k9efnl{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;gap:var(--chakra-space-2);}</style><div class="css-1k9efnl"><style data-emotion="css 1r9fqls">.css-1r9fqls{border-radius:var(--chakra-radii-base);padding-top:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-2);}</style><div class="css-1r9fqls"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 496 512" height="18" width="18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z"></path></svg></div><style data-emotion="css i3jkqk">.css-i3jkqk{font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-lg);}</style><p class="chakra-text css-i3jkqk">GitHub</p></div></a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-f9g02g" href="https://twitter.com/solidity_lang"><div class="css-1k9efnl"><div class="css-1r9fqls"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 512 512" height="18" width="18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"></path></svg></div><p class="chakra-text css-i3jkqk">Twitter</p></div></a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-f9g02g" href="https://fosstodon.org/@solidity"><div class="css-1k9efnl"><div class="css-1r9fqls"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18" width="18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M433 179.11c0-97.2-63.71-125.7-63.71-125.7-62.52-28.7-228.56-28.4-290.48 0 0 0-63.72 28.5-63.72 125.7 0 115.7-6.6 259.4 105.63 289.1 40.51 10.7 75.32 13 103.33 11.4 50.81-2.8 79.32-18.1 79.32-18.1l-1.7-36.9s-36.31 11.4-77.12 10.1c-40.41-1.4-83-4.4-89.63-54a102.54 102.54 0 0 1-.9-13.9c85.63 20.9 158.65 9.1 178.75 6.7 56.12-6.7 105-41.3 111.23-72.9 9.8-49.8 9-121.5 9-121.5zm-75.12 125.2h-46.63v-114.2c0-49.7-64-51.6-64 6.9v62.5h-46.33V197c0-58.5-64-56.6-64-6.9v114.2H90.19c0-122.1-5.2-147.9 18.41-175 25.9-28.9 79.82-30.8 103.83 6.1l11.6 19.5 11.6-19.5c24.11-37.1 78.12-34.8 103.83-6.1 23.71 27.3 18.4 53 18.4 175z"></path></svg></div><p class="chakra-text css-i3jkqk">Mastodon</p></div></a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-f9g02g" href="https://matrix.to/#/#ethereum_solidity:gitter.im"><div class="css-1k9efnl"><div class="css-1r9fqls"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="18" width="18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title></title><path d="M.632.55v22.9H2.28V24H0V0h2.28v.55zm7.043 7.26v1.157h.033c.309-.443.683-.784 1.117-1.024.433-.245.936-.365 1.5-.365.54 0 1.033.107 1.481.314.448.208.785.582 1.02 1.108.254-.374.6-.706 1.034-.992.434-.287.95-.43 1.546-.43.453 0 .872.056 1.26.167.388.11.716.286.993.53.276.245.489.559.646.951.152.392.23.863.23 1.417v5.728h-2.349V11.52c0-.286-.01-.559-.032-.812a1.755 1.755 0 0 0-.18-.66 1.106 1.106 0 0 0-.438-.448c-.194-.11-.457-.166-.785-.166-.332 0-.6.064-.803.189a1.38 1.38 0 0 0-.48.499 1.946 1.946 0 0 0-.231.696 5.56 5.56 0 0 0-.06.785v4.768h-2.35v-4.8c0-.254-.004-.503-.018-.752a2.074 2.074 0 0 0-.143-.688 1.052 1.052 0 0 0-.415-.503c-.194-.125-.476-.19-.854-.19-.111 0-.259.024-.439.074-.18.051-.36.143-.53.282-.171.138-.319.337-.439.595-.12.259-.18.6-.18 1.02v4.966H5.46V7.81zm15.693 15.64V.55H21.72V0H24v24h-2.28v-.55z"></path></svg></div><p class="chakra-text css-i3jkqk">Matrix</p></div></a></div></div><style data-emotion="css 17xejub">.css-17xejub{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;justify-self:stretch;-webkit-align-self:stretch;-ms-flex-item-align:stretch;align-self:stretch;}</style><div class="css-17xejub"></div><div class="css-1p5lkn8"><p class="chakra-text css-1svhtxd">Discover more</p><style data-emotion="css 23oyzj">.css-23oyzj{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-23oyzj{-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;}}</style><div class="css-23oyzj"><style data-emotion="css 1bii5vr">.css-1bii5vr{transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-fast);transition-timing-function:var(--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out);cursor:pointer;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;padding-top:var(--chakra-space-1);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-1);-webkit-padding-start:0px;padding-inline-start:0px;-webkit-padding-end:0px;padding-inline-end:0px;}.css-1bii5vr:focus-visible,.css-1bii5vr[data-focus-visible]{box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-outline);}.css-1bii5vr:hover,.css-1bii5vr[data-hover]{color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-1bii5vr{-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-2);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-2);}}</style><a class="chakra-link css-1bii5vr" href="/blog/">Blog</a><a class="chakra-link css-1bii5vr" href="https://docs.soliditylang.org/?color=light">Documentation</a><a class="chakra-link css-1bii5vr" href="/use-cases/">Use cases</a><a class="chakra-link css-1bii5vr" href="https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/contributing.html?color=light">Contribute</a><a class="chakra-link css-1bii5vr" href="/about/">About</a><style data-emotion="css 15ae7ry">.css-15ae7ry{transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-fast);transition-timing-function:var(--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out);cursor:pointer;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;padding-top:var(--chakra-space-1);padding-bottom:var(--chakra-space-1);-webkit-padding-start:0px;padding-inline-start:0px;-webkit-padding-end:0px;padding-inline-end:0px;}.css-15ae7ry:focus-visible,.css-15ae7ry[data-focus-visible]{box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-outline);}.css-15ae7ry::after{content:" ↗︎";white-space:nowrap;}.css-15ae7ry:hover,.css-15ae7ry[data-hover]{color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}@media screen and (min-width: 48em){.css-15ae7ry{-webkit-padding-start:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-inline-start:var(--chakra-space-2);-webkit-padding-end:var(--chakra-space-2);padding-inline-end:var(--chakra-space-2);}}</style><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-15ae7ry" href="https://forum.soliditylang.org/">Forum</a></div></div><style data-emotion="css 87kvvf">.css-87kvvf{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size:var(--chakra-fontSizes-lg);text-align:center;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-column-gap:var(--chakra-space-4);column-gap:var(--chakra-space-4);}</style><div class="css-87kvvf"><p class="chakra-text css-0">2025<!-- --> Solidity Team</p><p class="chakra-text css-0">•</p><style data-emotion="css 1jlp860">.css-1jlp860{transition-property:var(--chakra-transition-property-common);transition-duration:var(--chakra-transition-duration-fast);transition-timing-function:var(--chakra-transition-easing-ease-out);cursor:pointer;outline:2px solid transparent;outline-offset:2px;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}.css-1jlp860:focus-visible,.css-1jlp860[data-focus-visible]{box-shadow:var(--chakra-shadows-outline);}.css-1jlp860::after{content:" ↗︎";white-space:nowrap;}.css-1jlp860:hover,.css-1jlp860[data-hover]{color:var(--chakra-colors-primary);}</style><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-1jlp860" href="https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/blob/develop/SECURITY.md">Security Policy</a><p class="chakra-text css-0">•</p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="chakra-link css-1jlp860" href="https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/blob/develop/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md">Code of Conduct</a></div></footer></div><span></span><span id="__chakra_env" hidden=""></span></div><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json" crossorigin="">{"props":{"pageProps":{}},"page":"/about","query":{},"buildId":"WP-0HWRW-g0Fgs_qyxzRX","nextExport":true,"autoExport":true,"isFallback":false,"scriptLoader":[]}</script></body></html>