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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American technology company</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">MicroStrategy Incorporated</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Strategy_logo_(2025).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Strategy_logo_%282025%29.svg/250px-Strategy_logo_%282025%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Strategy_logo_%282025%29.svg/375px-Strategy_logo_%282025%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Strategy_logo_%282025%29.svg/500px-Strategy_logo_%282025%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="114" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Logo used since 2025</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Strategy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/mstr">MSTR</a> (Class A)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq-100" title="Nasdaq-100">Nasdaq-100</a> component</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">Bitcoin</a> <a href="/wiki/Treasury" title="Treasury">treasury</a><sup id="cite_ref-strategy-rebrand_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy-rebrand-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Business_intelligence" title="Business intelligence">Business intelligence</a></li><li>Mobile software</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1989<span class="noprint">; 36 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1989</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Saylor" title="Michael J. Saylor">Michael J. Saylor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sanju_Bansal" title="Sanju Bansal">Sanju Bansal</a></li><li>Thomas Spahr</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Tysons_Corner,_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tysons Corner, Virginia">Tysons Corner, Virginia</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Michael J. Saylor (<a href="/wiki/Executive_chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive chairman">executive chairman</a>)</li><li>Phong Le (<a href="/wiki/President_(corporate_title)" title="President (corporate title)">president</a> & <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>463.5</span><span class="nowrap"> </span>million (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$−1.167<span class="nowrap"> </span>billion (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$25.844<span class="nowrap"> </span>billion (2024)<br /> (92.5%: 447,470<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">Bitcoin</a> = US$23.9<span class="nowrap"> </span>billion (<a href="/wiki/Book_value" title="Book value">Book value</a>))</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$18.23<span class="nowrap"> </span>billion (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,934<sup id="cite_ref-2023-10-K_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023-10-K-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2023)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_System_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous System Number">ASN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bgp.tools/as/13410">13410</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192211#P3797" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://strategysoftware.com">strategysoftware<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><b>Footnotes / references</b><br /><sup id="cite_ref-2024-q4-results_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2024-q4-results-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>MicroStrategy Incorporated</b>, <a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">doing business as</a> <b>Strategy</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-strategy-rebrand_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strategy-rebrand-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an American development company that provides <a href="/wiki/Business_intelligence" title="Business intelligence">business intelligence</a> (BI), mobile <a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud-based services</a>. Founded in 1989 by <a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Saylor" title="Michael J. Saylor">Michael J. Saylor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanju_Bansal" title="Sanju Bansal">Sanju Bansal</a>, and Thomas Spahr, the firm develops software to analyze internal and external data in order to make business decisions and to develop mobile apps. It is a <a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">public company</a> headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Tysons,_Virginia" title="Tysons, Virginia">Tysons Corner, Virginia</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">Washington metropolitan area</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its primary business analytics competitors include <a href="/wiki/SAP_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="SAP AG">SAP AG</a> <a href="/wiki/Business_Objects" class="mw-redirect" title="Business Objects">Business Objects</a>, <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> <a href="/wiki/Cognos" title="Cognos">Cognos</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Corporation" title="Oracle Corporation">Oracle Corporation</a>'s BI Platform.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Howson13_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howson13-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saylor is the Executive Chairman and, from 1989 to 2022, was the CEO.<sup id="cite_ref-Jaffe00_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jaffe00-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2019-10-K_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2019-10-K-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cnbc-2022-08-02_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnbc-2022-08-02-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 2020, the company's securities are widely considered to be a <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">bitcoin</a> proxy due to MicroStrategy's holdings of the <a href="/wiki/Cryptocurrency" title="Cryptocurrency">cryptocurrency</a>. The company's executive chairman has compared it to a bitcoin <a href="/wiki/Spot_market" title="Spot market">spot</a> <a href="/wiki/Exchange-traded_fund#Leveraged_ETFs" title="Exchange-traded fund">leveraged ETF</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-cnbc-2022-08-02_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnbc-2022-08-02-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though it's not a regulated <a href="/wiki/Investment_fund" title="Investment fund">investment fund</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MicroStrategy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MicroStrategy_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/MicroStrategy_logo.svg/250px-MicroStrategy_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/MicroStrategy_logo.svg/375px-MicroStrategy_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/MicroStrategy_logo.svg/500px-MicroStrategy_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="83" /></a><figcaption>Logo prior to 2025</figcaption></figure> <p>Saylor started MicroStrategy in 1989 with a consulting contract from <a href="/wiki/DuPont" title="DuPont">DuPont</a>, which provided Saylor with $250,000 in start-up capital and office space in <a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Delaware" title="Wilmington, Delaware">Wilmington, Delaware</a>. Saylor was soon joined by company co-founder <a href="/wiki/Sanju_Bansal" title="Sanju Bansal">Sanju Bansal</a>, whom he had met while the two were students at <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (MIT).<sup id="cite_ref-Glasser96_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glasser96-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company produced software for <a href="/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining">data mining</a> and <a href="/wiki/Business_intelligence" title="Business intelligence">business intelligence</a> using <a href="/wiki/Nonlinear_system" title="Nonlinear system">nonlinear mathematics</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Jaffe00_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jaffe00-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an idea inspired by a course on systems-dynamics theory that they took at MIT.<sup id="cite_ref-Salter00_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salter00-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1992, MicroStrategy gained its first major client when it signed a $10 million contract with <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a>. It increased revenues by 100% each year between 1990 and 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-Glasser96_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glasser96-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994, the company's offices and its 50 employees moved from Delaware to <a href="/wiki/Tysons_Corner,_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tysons Corner, Virginia">Tysons Corner, Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Leibovich02_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leibovich02-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 11, 1998, MicroStrategy became a <a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">public company</a> via an <a href="/wiki/Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">initial public offering</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2000, MicroStrategy founded <a href="/wiki/Alarm.com" title="Alarm.com">Alarm.com</a> as part of its <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> unit.<sup id="cite_ref-Takahashi09_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takahashi09-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 20, 2000, after a review of its accounting practices, MicroStrategy announced that it would restate its financial results for the preceding two years.<sup id="cite_ref-Hilzenrath00a_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hilzenrath00a-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its stock price, which had risen from $7 per share to as high as $333 per share in a year, fell to $120 per share, or 62%, in a day in what is regarded as the bursting of the <a href="/wiki/Dot-com_bubble" title="Dot-com bubble">dot-com bubble</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following MicroStrategy Inc.'s March 20, 2000 announcement that it had significantly overstated its 1998 and 1999 revenues, approximately two dozen class action securities fraud actions were filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia against MicroStrategy.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2000, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission</a> brought charges against the company and its executives.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A lawsuit was subsequently filed against MicroStrategy and certain of its officials over fraud.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2000, Saylor, Bansal, and the company's former <a href="/wiki/CFO" class="mw-redirect" title="CFO">CFO</a> settled with the SEC without admitting wrongdoing, each paying $350,000 in fines. The officers also paid a combined total of $10 million in <a href="/wiki/Disgorgement_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Disgorgement (law)">disgorgement</a>. The company settled with the SEC, hiring an independent director to ensure regulatory compliance.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2009, MicroStrategy sold Alarm.com to <a href="/wiki/Venture_capital" title="Venture capital">venture capital</a> firm <a href="/wiki/ABS_Capital_Partners" title="ABS Capital Partners">ABS Capital Partners</a> for $27.7 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Takahashi09_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takahashi09-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company introduced <a href="/wiki/OLAP" class="mw-redirect" title="OLAP">OLAP</a> Services with a shared data set cache to accelerate reports and ad hoc queries.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, the company began developing and deploying business intelligence software for mobile platforms, such as the <a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a> and <a href="/wiki/IPad" title="IPad">iPad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, MicroStrategy expanded its offerings to include a cloud-based service, MicroStrategy Cloud.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, MicroStrategy sold <a href="/wiki/Angel_Incorporated" title="Angel Incorporated">Angel</a> to <a href="/wiki/Genesys_Telecommunications_Laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories">Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories</a> for $110 million.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2014, the company announced a new feature of the platform called PRIME (Parallel Relational In-Memory Engine), co-developed with <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-idev1_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-idev1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2014, the company announced plans to lay off 770 employees, a month after reducing Saylor's salary from $875,000 to $1 at his request.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2015, MicroStrategy announced the general availability of MicroStrategy 10.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the fall of 2018, the company released MicroStrategy 11.<sup id="cite_ref-Holak_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holak-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2019, MicroStrategy announced the general availability of MicroStrategy 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2020, the company announced MicroStrategy 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-search1_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-search1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2022, the Attorney General for the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a> sued Saylor for tax fraud, accusing him of illegally avoiding more than $25 million in D.C. taxes by pretending to be a resident of other jurisdictions. MicroStrategy was accused of collaborating with Saylor to facilitate his <a href="/wiki/Tax_evasion" title="Tax evasion">tax evasion</a> by misreporting his residential address to local and federal tax authorities and failing to withhold D.C. taxes.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MicroStrategy said the case is "a personal tax matter involving Mr. Saylor" and called the claims against the company "false" and it would "defend aggressively against this overreach."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2024, Saylor and MicroStrategy reached a $40 million settlement agreement with the District of Columbia.<sup id="cite_ref-Hirsch_2024_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hirsch_2024-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saylor resigned as CEO effective August 8, 2022. Phong Le, who had been president, succeeded him. Saylor remains the executive chairman of MicroStrategy. In a press release announcing the transition, Saylor said that he would focus on the company's bitcoin acquisition strategy and that Phong would manage overall corporate operations.<sup id="cite_ref-cnbc-2022-08-02_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnbc-2022-08-02-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bitcoin_purchases">Bitcoin purchases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MicroStrategy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bitcoin purchases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2020, MicroStrategy invested $250 million in <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">bitcoin</a> as a treasury reserve asset, citing declining returns from cash, a weakening dollar, and other global <a href="/wiki/Macroeconomic" class="mw-redirect" title="Macroeconomic">macroeconomic</a> factors.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company went on to make several additional large purchases of bitcoin; as of September 19, 2022, MicroStrategy and its subsidiaries held approximately 130,000 BTC, acquired at an aggregate purchase price of $3.98 billion at an average purchase price of $30,639 per bitcoin. Saylor is the main driver behind this strategy. </p><p>On the company's quarterly earnings call on May 3, 2022, MicroStrategy CFO Phong Le stated that the company would face a <a href="/wiki/Margin_call" class="mw-redirect" title="Margin call">margin call</a> if bitcoin's price fell to about $21,000. A margin call would obligate the company to sell some of its bitcoin holdings. Le stated that the company could add more collateral to its loan to avoid such a situation.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After bitcoin's price fell to about $20,800 in June 2022, the company said that it had not received a margin call and that it had enough capital to withstand further <a href="/wiki/Volatility_(finance)" title="Volatility (finance)">volatility</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 22, 2022, MicroStrategy sold 704 BTC, which represented their first time selling any bitcoin, for an amount of around $11.8 million.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 25, 2023, MicroStrategy announced that, during the period between August 1, 2023, and September 24, 2023, MicroStrategy and its subsidiaries acquired approximately 5,445 bitcoins for approximately $147.3 million in cash, at an average price of approximately $27,053 per bitcoin, inclusive of fees and expenses. </p><p>As of December 8, 2024, MicroStrategy was reported to own 423,650 bitcoins, worth $42.43 billion, and is the largest corporate holder of the asset. MicroStrategy purchased 149,880 bitcoins in the month beginning on November 11, 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the strength of this asset, MicroStrategy was included in the <a href="/wiki/Nasdaq-100" title="Nasdaq-100">Nasdaq-100</a> effective December 23, 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products">Products</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MicroStrategy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Products"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">MicroStrategy Analytics</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:MicroStrategy_Analytics_Desktop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/26/MicroStrategy_Analytics_Desktop.jpg/220px-MicroStrategy_Analytics_Desktop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/26/MicroStrategy_Analytics_Desktop.jpg/330px-MicroStrategy_Analytics_Desktop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/26/MicroStrategy_Analytics_Desktop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="232" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">MicroStrategy</td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">MicroStrategy 2019 / January 7, 2019<span class="noprint">; 6 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2019-01-07</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/IBM_AIX" title="IBM AIX">AIX</a> (no longer supported), <a href="/wiki/Solaris_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solaris (operating system)">Solaris</a> (no longer supported)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Business_intelligence" title="Business intelligence">Business intelligence</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trialware" class="mw-redirect" title="Trialware">Trialware</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.microstrategy.com/us/platform">www<wbr />.microstrategy<wbr />.com<wbr />/us<wbr />/platform</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>MicroStrategy 2020 is the latest platform release of the company's business intelligence software.<sup id="cite_ref-search1_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-search1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MicroStrategy 2019, the prior platform release, attempted to improve connectivity to data sources and applications and allow for easier mobile application development. it also offered Bluetooth identity detection and voice.<sup id="cite_ref-Holak_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holak-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Brust_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brust-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earlier suite of software, MicroStrategy 10, consisted of MicroStrategy Analytics, MicroStrategy Mobile, and Usher. MicroStrategy 10.10, released in December 2017, added MicroStrategy Workstation.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It uses business intelligence and <a href="/wiki/Predictive_analytics" title="Predictive analytics">predictive analytics</a> to search through and perform analytics on <a href="/wiki/Big_data" title="Big data">big data</a> from a variety of sources, including <a href="/wiki/Data_warehouse" title="Data warehouse">data warehouses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Excel" class="mw-redirect" title="Excel">Excel</a> files, and <a href="/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop">Apache Hadoop</a> distributions.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MicroStrategy Mobile, introduced in 2010, incorporates analytics capabilities to apps for <a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a>, <a href="/wiki/IPad" title="IPad">iPad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>, and <a href="/wiki/BlackBerry" title="BlackBerry">BlackBerry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-idev1_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-idev1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Usher is a digital credential and identity intelligence product for organizations to control digital and physical access. It replaces physical badges and passwords with secure <a href="/wiki/Digital_badge" title="Digital badge">digital badges</a>, and generates information on user behavior and resource usage.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MicroStrategy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-strategy-rebrand-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-strategy-rebrand_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-strategy-rebrand_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250205834633/en/MicroStrategy-is-Now-Strategy">"MicroStrategy is Now Strategy"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Bitcoin+proxy+MicroStrategy+to+join+the+Nasdaq+100+and+heavily+traded+%27QQQ%27+ETF&rft.date=2024-12-14&rft.aulast=Macheel&rft.aufirst=Tanaya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2024%2F12%2F13%2Fbitcoin-proxy-microstrategy-to-join-the-nasdaq-100-and-heavily-traded-qqq-etf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMicroStrategy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/microstrategy-secures-nasdaq-100-inclusion-after-bitcoin-fueled-stock-surge-2024-12-14/">https://www.reuters.com/technology/microstrategy-secures-nasdaq-100-inclusion-after-bitcoin-fueled-stock-surge-2024-12-14/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brust-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brust_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrust2019" class="citation news cs1">Brust, Andrew (January 7, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/microstrategy-2019-brings-introduces-hyperintelligence-contextual-bi/">"MicroStrategy 2019 introduced "HyperIntelligence" contextual BI"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ZDNet" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDNet">ZDNet</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=MicroStrategy+2019+introduced+%22HyperIntelligence%22+contextual+BI&rft.date=2019-01-07&rft.aulast=Brust&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Farticle%2Fmicrostrategy-2019-brings-introduces-hyperintelligence-contextual-bi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMicroStrategy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSargent2017" class="citation news cs1">Sargent, Jenna (December 11, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sdtimes.com/sd-times-news-digest-microstrategy-10-10-talends-new-courses-uc-berkeley-future-learning-robots/">"MicroStrategy 10.10, Talend's new developer courses, and UC Berkeley future learning robots"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/SD_Times" title="SD Times">SD Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SD+Times&rft.atitle=MicroStrategy+10.10%2C+Talend%27s+new+developer+courses%2C+and+UC+Berkeley+future+learning+robots&rft.date=2017-12-11&rft.aulast=Sargent&rft.aufirst=Jenna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsdtimes.com%2Fsd-times-news-digest-microstrategy-10-10-talends-new-courses-uc-berkeley-future-learning-robots%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMicroStrategy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itweb.co.za/content/JKjlyr7w2rjvk6am">"Zettaset adds BI connector to Hadoop tool"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ITWeb" title="ITWeb">ITWeb</a>. January 29, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Zettaset+adds+BI+connector+to+Hadoop+tool&rft.date=2014-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.itweb.co.za%2Fcontent%2FJKjlyr7w2rjvk6am&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMicroStrategy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOverly2013" class="citation news cs1">Overly, Steven (April 14, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/capitalbusiness/microstrategys-office-of-the-future-includes-mobile-identity-and-cybersecurity/2013/04/13/eb82e074-a1e3-11e2-be47-b44febada3a8_story.html">"MicroStrategy's office of the future includes mobile identity and cybersecurity"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=MicroStrategy%27s+office+of+the+future+includes+mobile+identity+and+cybersecurity&rft.date=2013-04-14&rft.aulast=Overly&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fbusiness%2Fcapitalbusiness%2Fmicrostrategys-office-of-the-future-includes-mobile-identity-and-cybersecurity%2F2013%2F04%2F13%2Feb82e074-a1e3-11e2-be47-b44febada3a8_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMicroStrategy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFlook2013" class="citation news cs1">Flook, Bill (October 2, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bizjournals.com/washington/blog/techflash/2013/10/michael-saylor-the-iphone-5s-and-the.html">"Michael Saylor on the iPhone 5s, mobile ID and the new 'biometric war'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_City_Business_Journals" title="American City Business Journals">American City Business Journals</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+City+Business+Journals&rft.atitle=Michael+Saylor+on+the+iPhone+5s%2C+mobile+ID+and+the+new+%27biometric+war%27&rft.date=2013-10-02&rft.aulast=Flook&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Fwashington%2Fblog%2Ftechflash%2F2013%2F10%2Fmichael-saylor-the-iphone-5s-and-the.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMicroStrategy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MicroStrategy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.microstrategy.com/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192211#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li>Business data for MicroStrategy Incorporated: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/MSTR:NASDAQ">Google</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/MSTR.O">Reuters</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=1050446">SEC filings</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/MSTR">Yahoo!</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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Casares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Draper" title="Tim Draper">Tim Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Finney_(computer_scientist)" title="Hal Finney (computer scientist)">Hal Finney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Dai" title="Wei Dai">Wei Dai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Karpel%C3%A8s" title="Mark Karpelès">Mark Karpelès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satoshi_Nakamoto" title="Satoshi Nakamoto">Satoshi Nakamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Shrem" title="Charlie Shrem">Charlie Shrem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Szabo" title="Nick Szabo">Nick Szabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitalik_Buterin" title="Vitalik Buterin">Vitalik Buterin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Ulbricht" title="Ross Ulbricht">Ross Ulbricht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ver" title="Roger Ver">Roger Ver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cody_Wilson" title="Cody Wilson">Cody Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_Winklevoss" title="Cameron Winklevoss">Cameron Winklevoss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyler_Winklevoss" title="Tyler Winklevoss">Tyler Winklevoss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Steven_Wright" title="Craig Steven Wright">Craig Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Kleiman" title="Dave Kleiman">Dave Kleiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihan_Wu" title="Jihan Wu">Jihan Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Voorhees" title="Erik Voorhees">Erik Voorhees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bitcoin_companies" title="List of bitcoin companies">List of bitcoin companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bitcoin_forks" title="List of bitcoin forks">List of bitcoin forks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bitcoin_organizations" title="List of bitcoin organizations">List of bitcoin organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_in_blockchain_technology" title="List of people in blockchain technology">List of people in blockchain technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Bitcoin network">Bitcoin network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockchain" title="Blockchain">Blockchain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptocurrency" title="Cryptocurrency">Cryptocurrency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptocurrency_wallet" title="Cryptocurrency wallet">Cryptocurrency wallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_ATM" title="Bitcoin ATM">Bitcoin ATM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm" title="Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm">ECDSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightning_Network" title="Lightning Network">Lightning Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">P2P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proof_of_work" title="Proof of work">Proof of work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SegWit" title="SegWit">SegWit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHA-2" title="SHA-2">SHA-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_bitcoin_forks" title="List of bitcoin forks">Forks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Client</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Unlimited" class="mw-redirect" title="Bitcoin Unlimited">Bitcoin Unlimited</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Currency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Cash" title="Bitcoin Cash">Bitcoin Cash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Gold" title="Bitcoin Gold">Bitcoin Gold</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_scalability_problem" title="Bitcoin scalability problem">Bitcoin scalability problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_bitcoin" title="History of bitcoin">History of bitcoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_buried_in_Newport_landfill" title="Bitcoin buried in Newport landfill">2013 Bitcoin buried in Newport landfill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptocurrency_bubble" title="Cryptocurrency bubble">2018 cryptocurrency crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Bitcoin_bomb_threats" title="2018 Bitcoin bomb threats">2018 Bitcoin bomb threats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Twitter_account_hijacking" title="2020 Twitter account hijacking">2020 Twitter account hijacking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rise_and_Rise_of_Bitcoin" title="The Rise and Rise of Bitcoin">The Rise and Rise of Bitcoin</a></i> (2014 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deep_Web_(film)" title="Deep Web (film)">Deep Web</a></i> (2015 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal entities<br /><small>(not exchanges)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Foundation" title="Bitcoin Foundation">Bitcoin Foundation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Magazine" title="Bitcoin Magazine">Bitcoin Magazine</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BitGo" title="BitGo">BitGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitmain" title="Bitmain">Bitmain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canaan_Creative" title="Canaan Creative">Canaan Creative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoinDesk" title="CoinDesk">CoinDesk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GHash.io" title="GHash.io">GHash.io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuri_(company)" title="Nuri (company)">Nuri</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Strategy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_in_El_Salvador" title="Bitcoin in El Salvador">Bitcoin in El Salvador</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Law" title="Bitcoin Law">Bitcoin Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playa_El_Zonte" title="Playa El Zonte">Bitcoin Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_City" title="Bitcoin City">Bitcoin City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Bitcoin" title="Category:Bitcoin">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bitcoin" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bitcoin">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Companies_of_the_Nasdaq-100_index37" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nasdaq-100" title="Template:Nasdaq-100"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nasdaq-100" title="Template talk:Nasdaq-100"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nasdaq-100" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nasdaq-100"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Companies_of_the_Nasdaq-100_index37" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Companies of the <a href="/wiki/Nasdaq-100" title="Nasdaq-100">Nasdaq-100</a> index</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc." title="Adobe Inc.">Adobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADP_(company)" title="ADP (company)">ADP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD" title="AMD">AMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbnb" title="Airbnb">Airbnb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Inc." title="Alphabet Inc.">Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Electric_Power" title="American Electric Power">AEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amgen" title="Amgen">Amgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analog_Devices" title="Analog Devices">Analog Devices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansys" title="Ansys">Ansys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Applied_Materials" title="Applied Materials">Applied Materials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AppLovin" title="AppLovin">AppLovin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arm_Holdings" title="Arm Holdings">Arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASML_Holding" title="ASML Holding">ASML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca">AstraZeneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlassian" title="Atlassian">Atlassian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autodesk" title="Autodesk">Autodesk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axon_Enterprise" title="Axon Enterprise">Axon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Hughes" title="Baker Hughes">Baker Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogen" title="Biogen">Biogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booking_Holdings" title="Booking Holdings">Booking Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcom" title="Broadcom">Broadcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadence_Design_Systems" title="Cadence Design Systems">Cadence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDW" title="CDW">CDW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_Communications" title="Charter Communications">Charter Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cintas" title="Cintas">Cintas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisco" title="Cisco">Cisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola_Europacific_Partners" title="Coca-Cola Europacific Partners">Coca-Cola Europacific Partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognizant" title="Cognizant">Cognizant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constellation_Energy" title="Constellation Energy">Constellation Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copart" title="Copart">Copart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoStar_Group" title="CoStar Group">CoStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costco" title="Costco">Costco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrowdStrike" title="CrowdStrike">CrowdStrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSX_Corporation" title="CSX Corporation">CSX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datadog" title="Datadog">Datadog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexcom" title="Dexcom">Dexcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamondback_Energy" title="Diamondback Energy">Diamondback Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DoorDash" title="DoorDash">DoorDash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Arts" title="Electronic Arts">Electronic Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exelon" title="Exelon">Exelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastenal" title="Fastenal">Fastenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortinet" title="Fortinet">Fortinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_HealthCare" title="GE HealthCare">GE HealthCare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilead_Sciences" title="Gilead Sciences">Gilead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlobalFoundries" title="GlobalFoundries">GlobalFoundries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honeywell" title="Honeywell">Honeywell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idexx_Laboratories" title="Idexx Laboratories">Idexx Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intuit" title="Intuit">Intuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intuitive_Surgical" title="Intuitive Surgical">Intuitive Surgical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keurig_Dr_Pepper" title="Keurig Dr Pepper">Keurig Dr Pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KLA_Corporation" title="KLA Corporation">KLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraft_Heinz" title="Kraft Heinz">Kraft Heinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lam_Research" title="Lam Research">Lam Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linde_plc" title="Linde plc">Linde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lululemon_Athletica" class="mw-redirect" title="Lululemon Athletica">Lululemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriott_International" title="Marriott International">Marriott International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvell_Technology" title="Marvell Technology">Marvell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercado_Libre" title="Mercado Libre">Mercado Libre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microchip_Technology" title="Microchip Technology">Microchip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micron_Technology" title="Micron Technology">Micron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">MicroStrategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondelez_International" title="Mondelez International">Mondelez International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MongoDB_Inc." title="MongoDB Inc.">MongoDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_Beverage" title="Monster Beverage">Monster Beverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netflix,_Inc." title="Netflix, Inc.">Netflix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nvidia" title="Nvidia">Nvidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NXP_Semiconductors" title="NXP Semiconductors">NXP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Reilly_Auto_Parts" title="O'Reilly Auto Parts">O'Reilly Auto Parts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Dominion_Freight_Line" title="Old Dominion Freight Line">Old Dominion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onsemi" title="Onsemi">onsemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paccar" title="Paccar">Paccar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palantir_Technologies" title="Palantir Technologies">Palantir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Alto_Networks" title="Palo Alto Networks">Palo Alto Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paychex" title="Paychex">Paychex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PayPal" title="PayPal">PayPal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinduoduo" title="Pinduoduo">PDD Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PepsiCo" title="PepsiCo">PepsiCo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualcomm" title="Qualcomm">Qualcomm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regeneron_Pharmaceuticals" title="Regeneron Pharmaceuticals">Regeneron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roper_Technologies" title="Roper Technologies">Roper Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Stores" title="Ross Stores">Ross Stores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starbucks" title="Starbucks">Starbucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synopsys" title="Synopsys">Synopsys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take-Two_Interactive" title="Take-Two Interactive">Take-Two Interactive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-Mobile_US" title="T-Mobile US">T-Mobile US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesla,_Inc." title="Tesla, Inc.">Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Trade_Desk" title="The Trade Desk">Trade Desk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verisk_Analytics" title="Verisk Analytics">Verisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertex_Pharmaceuticals" title="Vertex Pharmaceuticals">Vertex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="Warner Bros. Discovery">Warner Bros. Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workday,_Inc." title="Workday, Inc.">Workday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xcel_Energy" title="Xcel Energy">Xcel Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zscaler" title="Zscaler">Zscaler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dot-com_bubble184" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dot-com_Bubble" title="Template:Dot-com Bubble"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dot-com_Bubble" title="Template talk:Dot-com Bubble"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dot-com_Bubble" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dot-com Bubble"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dot-com_bubble184" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dot-com_bubble" title="Dot-com bubble">Dot-com bubble</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Aegerter" title="Daniel Aegerter">Daniel Aegerter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Andreessen" title="Marc Andreessen">Marc Andreessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Bernard" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Bernard">Bob Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Blodget" title="Henry Blodget">Henry Blodget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Clark" title="James H. Clark">James H. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Cooper_(accountant)" title="Cynthia Cooper (accountant)">Cynthia Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Davis_(businessman)" title="Bob Davis (businessman)">Bob Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Ebbers" title="Bernard Ebbers">Bernard Ebbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Filo" title="David Filo">David Filo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Gasparino" title="Charlie Gasparino">Charlie Gasparino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Grasso" title="Richard Grasso">Richard Grasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Greenspan" title="Alan Greenspan">Alan Greenspan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Grubman" title="Jack Grubman">Jack Grubman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Harris_(entrepreneur)" title="Josh Harris (entrepreneur)">Josh Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Hawkins" title="Jeff Hawkins">Jeff Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Jonas" title="Howard Jonas">Howard Jonas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Kearby" title="Gerry Kearby">Gerry Kearby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Koogle" title="Timothy Koogle">Timothy Koogle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lay" title="Kenneth Lay">Kenneth Lay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Levitt" title="Arthur Levitt">Arthur Levitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Meeker" title="Mary Meeker">Mary Meeker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PayPal_Mafia" title="PayPal Mafia">PayPal Mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_O%27Leary" title="Kevin O'Leary">Kevin O'Leary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Olim" title="Jason Olim">Jason Olim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Paternot" title="Stephan Paternot">Stephan Paternot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Rutt" title="Jim Rutt">Jim Rutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Saylor" title="Michael J. Saylor">Michael J. Saylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Skilling" title="Jeffrey Skilling">Jeffrey Skilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliot_Spitzer" title="Eliot Spitzer">Eliot Spitzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_D._Sullivan" title="Scott D. Sullivan">Scott D. Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaleil_Isaza_Tuzman" title="Kaleil Isaza Tuzman">Kaleil Isaza Tuzman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Wainwright" title="Julie Wainwright">Julie Wainwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Yang" title="Jerry Yang">Jerry Yang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3Com" title="3Com">3Com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/360networks" title="360networks">360networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AboveNet" title="AboveNet">AboveNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actua_Corporation" title="Actua Corporation">Actua Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspan_Networks" title="Airspan Networks">Airspan Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akamai_Technologies" title="Akamai Technologies">Akamai Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alteon_WebSystems" title="Alteon WebSystems">Alteon WebSystems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AOL" title="AOL">America Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Andersen" title="Arthur Andersen">Arthur Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ask.com" title="Ask.com">Ask Jeeves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Coat_Systems" title="Blue Coat Systems">Blue Coat Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boo.com" title="Boo.com">Boo.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books-A-Million" title="Books-A-Million">Books-A-Million</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadband_Sports" title="Broadband Sports">Broadband Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast.com" title="Broadcast.com">Broadcast.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDNow" title="CDNow">CDNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemdex" title="Chemdex">Chemdex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_Connect" title="Steel Connect">CMGI Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobalt_Networks" title="Cobalt Networks">Cobalt Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_One" title="Commerce One">Commerce One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covad" title="Covad">Covad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberian_Outpost" title="Cyberian Outpost">Cyberian Outpost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CyberRebate" title="CyberRebate">CyberRebate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digex" title="Digex">Digex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CueCat" title="CueCat">Digital Convergence Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Insight" title="Digital Insight">Digital Insight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine,_Inc." title="Divine, Inc.">Divine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DoubleClick" title="DoubleClick">DoubleClick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EBay" title="EBay">eBay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EGain" title="EGain">eGain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egghead_Software" title="Egghead Software">Egghead Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enron" title="Enron">Enron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidemic_Marketing" title="Epidemic Marketing">Epidemic Marketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excite_(web_portal)" title="Excite (web portal)">Excite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flooz.com" title="Flooz.com">Flooz.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freei" title="Freei">Freei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadzoox" title="Gadzoox">Gadzoox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GeoCities" title="GeoCities">GeoCities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Crossing" title="Global Crossing">Global Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GovWorks" title="GovWorks">govWorks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handspring,_Inc." title="Handspring, Inc.">Handspring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healtheon" title="Healtheon">Healtheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HomeGrocer" title="HomeGrocer">HomeGrocer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HotBot" title="HotBot">HotBot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infoseek" title="Infoseek">Infoseek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InfoSpace" title="InfoSpace">InfoSpace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inktomi" title="Inktomi">Inktomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interactive_Intelligence" title="Interactive Intelligence">Interactive Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_America" title="Internet America">Internet America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IVillage" title="IVillage">iVillage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWon" title="IWon">iWon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozmo.com" title="Kozmo.com">Kozmo.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lastminute.com" title="Lastminute.com">lastminute.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Learning_Company" title="The Learning Company">The Learning Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_Audio" title="Liquid Audio">Liquid Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LookSmart" title="LookSmart">LookSmart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycos" title="Lycos">Lycos</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelfire" title="Angelfire">Angelfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripod_(web_hosting)" title="Tripod (web hosting)">Tripod</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MarchFirst" class="mw-redirect" title="MarchFirst">MarchFirst</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">MicroStrategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net2Phone" title="Net2Phone">Net2Phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetBank" title="NetBank">NetBank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netscape" title="Netscape">Netscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Solutions" title="Network Solutions">Network Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NorthPoint_Communications" title="NorthPoint Communications">NorthPoint Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OmniSky" title="OmniSky">OmniSky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm,_Inc." title="Palm, Inc.">Palm, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PayPal" title="PayPal">PayPal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pets.com" title="Pets.com">Pets.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PFSweb" title="PFSweb">PFSweb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixelon" title="Pixelon">Pixelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PLX_Technology" title="PLX Technology">PLX Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prodigy_(online_service)" title="Prodigy (online service)">Prodigy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo.com" title="Pseudo.com">Pseudo.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radvision" title="Radvision">Radvision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razorfish_(company)" title="Razorfish (company)">Razorfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redback_Networks" title="Redback Networks">Redback Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Register.com" title="Register.com">Register.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritmoteca.com" title="Ritmoteca.com">Ritmoteca.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savvis" title="Savvis">Savvis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_Electromedia" title="Scout Electromedia">Scout Electromedia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Modo_(wireless_device)" title="Modo (wireless device)">modo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terra_(company)" title="Terra (company)">Terra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TheGlobe.com" title="TheGlobe.com">theGlobe.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Think_Tools" title="Think Tools">Think Tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIBCO_Software" title="TIBCO Software">TIBCO Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradex_Technologies" title="Tradex Technologies">Tradex Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmeta" title="Transmeta">Transmeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UBid" title="UBid">uBid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Online" title="United Online">United Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USinternetworking" title="USinternetworking">USinternetworking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UUNET" title="UUNET">UUNET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geeknet" title="Geeknet">VA Linux Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verio" title="Verio">Verio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VerticalNet" title="VerticalNet">VerticalNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vignette_Corporation" title="Vignette Corporation">Vignette Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebChat_Broadcasting_System" title="WebChat Broadcasting System">WebChat Broadcasting System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forcepoint" title="Forcepoint">Websense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webvan" title="Webvan">Webvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MCI_Inc." title="MCI Inc.">WorldCom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Online" title="World Online">World Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahoo!" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo!">Yahoo!</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enron_scandal" title="Enron scandal">Enron scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrational_exuberance" title="Irrational exuberance">Irrational exuberance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarbanes%E2%80%93Oxley_Act" title="Sarbanes–Oxley Act">Sarbanes–Oxley Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecoms_crash" title="Telecoms crash">Telecoms crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Kenneth_Lay_and_Jeffrey_Skilling" title="Trial of Kenneth Lay and Jeffrey Skilling">Trial of Kenneth Lay and Jeffrey Skilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WorldCom_scandal" title="WorldCom scandal">WorldCom scandal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_on_the_Street" title="Blood on the Street">Blood on the Street</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_of_Fools" title="Conspiracy of Fools">Conspiracy of Fools</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Industry_Standard" title="The Industry Standard">The Industry Standard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_PayPal_Wars" title="The PayPal Wars">The PayPal Wars</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadcast media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> 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cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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