CINXE.COM

<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head > <meta charset="utf-8"/> <meta name="title" content="Fruit Pests and Diseases - Penn State Extension"/> <meta name="description" content="Looking for advice on fruit tree diseases and pests? Learn more about apple scab, insect fruit pests, fungicides, miticides, and insecticides."/> <meta name="keywords" content="fruit, pests, disease, weeds, fungicides, insecticides, miticides"/> <meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/> <title>Fruit Pests and Diseases - Penn State Extension</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/_cache/merged/e2860fe851cf1fd658feb5a01fd8a845.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen and (min-width: 768px)" href="https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/_cache/merged/5c4cffef181981c06ad2c5ef2070e843.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" href="https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/frontend/BlueAcorn/site/en_US/css/print.min.css" /> <link rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous" href="https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/frontend/BlueAcorn/site/en_US/fonts/Luma-Icons.woff2" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/frontend/BlueAcorn/site/en_US/Magento_Theme/favicon-32x32.png" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases/" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://extension.psu.edu/media/favicon/websites/2/favicon_new.ico" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://extension.psu.edu/media/favicon/websites/2/favicon_new.ico" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="jG4FIBQg6f8wTpfP4xyiJCIDQq810Yv9VwMmAnbPvhQ" /> <meta name="p:domain_verify" content="rILRjFReWXR6YRgJW1gTyCXVFrzzeam2"/>  <script exclude-this-tag="text/x-magento-template"> (function() { window.__insp = window.__insp || []; __insp.push(['wid', 301749739]); var ldinsp = function(){ if(typeof window.__inspld != "undefined") return; window.__inspld = 1; var insp = document.createElement('script'); insp.type = 'text/javascript'; insp.async = true; insp.id = "inspsync"; insp.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https' : 'http') + '://cdn.inspectlet.com/inspectlet.js?wid=301749739&r=' + Math.floor(new Date().getTime()/3600000); var x = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; x.parentNode.insertBefore(insp, x); }; setTimeout(ldinsp, 0); })(); </script>  <script exclude-this-tag="text/x-magento-template" nonce="ZXR3dGcycjg4cmY0ZzloenVpZ2tqNGJpZjk1eDhjOW4="> window.getWpGA4Cookie = function(name) { match = document.cookie.match(new RegExp(name + '=([^;]+)')); if (match) return decodeURIComponent(match[1].replace(/\+/g, ' ')) ; }; window.ga4AllowServices = false; var isCookieRestrictionModeEnabled = 0, currentWebsiteId = 2, cookieRestrictionName = 'user_allowed_save_cookie'; if (isCookieRestrictionModeEnabled) { allowedCookies = window.getWpGA4Cookie(cookieRestrictionName); if (allowedCookies !== undefined) { allowedWebsites = JSON.parse(allowedCookies); if (allowedWebsites[currentWebsiteId] === 1) { window.ga4AllowServices = true; } } } else { window.ga4AllowServices = true; }</script>  <script nonce="ZXR3dGcycjg4cmY0ZzloenVpZ2tqNGJpZjk1eDhjOW4=" exclude-this-tag="text/x-magento-template"> if (window.ga4AllowServices) {(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K7J6VNH');}</script>  <script exclude-this-tag="text/x-magento-template" nonce="ZXR3dGcycjg4cmY0ZzloenVpZ2tqNGJpZjk1eDhjOW4="> if (window.ga4AllowServices) { window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; var dl4Objects = [{"pageName":"Fruit Pests and Diseases - Penn State Extension","pageType":"category"},{"ecommerce":{"items":[{"item_name":"How To Remove Spotted Lanternfly Eggs","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"5442","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":1},{"item_name":"Produce Grower Update: Current Berry Issues","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"66427","price":"15.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":2},{"item_name":"Crown and Root Issues in Strawberries","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"66337","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":3},{"item_name":"2024 Disease Update: Sanitation and Weather Station Maintenance","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"65597","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":4},{"item_name":"Fruit Times Alert: EPA Soliciting Mancozeb Comments","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"65233","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":5},{"item_name":"Fruit Times Alert: Disease Update for September 25, 2024","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"65230","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":6},{"item_name":"Neopestalotiopsis in Plasticulture Strawberry Plug Plants \u2013 2024","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"64333","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":7},{"item_name":"Strawberry Disease Identification: Neopestalotiopsis (aka Pestalotia) or a More Traditional Disease?","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"36467","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":8},{"item_name":"Herbicide Contamination Discovered in Midash Forte","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"63796","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":9},{"item_name":"Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) \u2013 a 2024 Update for PA","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"63217","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":10},{"item_name":"Bramble Borers - Or Solitary Bees?","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"63103","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":11},{"item_name":"Tree Fruit Disease - Predicting Infection Periods to Apply Protection","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"2719","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":12},{"item_name":"Testing Biofumigation as an Option for Nematode Control","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"62244","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":13},{"item_name":"Stone Fruit Disease - Rusty Spot","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"2738","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":14},{"item_name":"Pome Fruit Disease - Black Rot and Frogeye Leaf Spot","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"3275","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":15}],"item_list_id":"219","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases"},"event":"view_item_list"},{"ecommerce":{"items":[{"item_name":"Pome Fruit Disease - Blister Spot on Crispin (Mutsu)","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"2755","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":16},{"item_name":"Pome Fruit Disease - Apple Union Necrosis and Decline","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"2263","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":17},{"item_name":"Pome Fruit Disease - Rust","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"2734","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":18},{"item_name":"Stone Fruit Disease - Brown Rot","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"3278","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":19},{"item_name":"Stone Fruit Disease - Black Knot","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"3010","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":20},{"item_name":"Spotted Lanternfly Management for Landscape Professionals","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"24973","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":21},{"item_name":"2024 Disease Update: Bitter Rot Management Begins in June","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"61933","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":22},{"item_name":"2024 Disease Update: Managing Fire Blight and Apple Scab Infections","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"61909","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":23},{"item_name":"Spotted Lanternfly Management Guide","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"34675","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":24},{"item_name":"Spotted Wing Drosophila: Early Damage Potential in 2024","affiliation":"Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension - Penn State Extension","item_id":"61777","price":"0.00","item_category":"Forage and Food Crops","item_category2":"Fruit","item_category3":"Pests and Diseases","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases","item_list_id":"219","index":25}],"item_list_id":"219","item_list_name":"Forage and Food Crops\/Fruit\/Pests and Diseases"},"event":"view_item_list"}]; for (var i in dl4Objects) { window.dataLayer.push({ecommerce: null}); window.dataLayer.push(dl4Objects[i]); } var wpGA4Cookies = ['wp_ga4_user_id','wp_ga4_customerGroup']; wpGA4Cookies.map(function (cookieName) { var cookieValue = window.getWpGA4Cookie(cookieName); if (cookieValue) { var dl4Object = {}; dl4Object[cookieName.replace('wp_ga4_', '')] = cookieValue; window.dataLayer.push(dl4Object); } }); }</script> <link rel="prefetch" as="script" href="https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/frontend/BlueAcorn/site/en_US/magepack/bundle-common.min.js"/> <link rel="prefetch" as="script" href="https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/frontend/BlueAcorn/site/en_US/magepack/bundle-category.min.js"/> <meta property="og:type" content="product.group"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Fruit Pests and Diseases - Penn State Extension"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Looking for advice on fruit tree diseases and pests? Learn more about apple scab, insect fruit pests, fungicides, miticides, and insecticides."/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases/"/> <link rel="next" href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases?p=2&tab=default" /> </head><body data-container="body" data-mage-init='{"loaderAjax": {}, "loader": { "icon": "https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/frontend/BlueAcorn/site/en_US/images/loader-2.gif"}}' id="html-body" class="page-with-filter wp-sl page-products categorypath-forage-and-food-crops-fruit-pests-and-diseases category-pests-and-diseases catalog-category-view page-layout-2columns-left">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-K7J6VNH" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <div class="cookie-status-message" id="cookie-status">The store will not work correctly when cookies are disabled.</div> <noscript><div class="message global noscript"><div class="content"><p><strong>JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser.</strong> <span> For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser.</span></p></div></div></noscript> <form style="display:none;" class="form" action="https://extension.psu.edu/sociallogin/account/loginPost/" method="post" id="sociallogin-form" data-mage-init='{"validation":{}}' ><input name="form_key" type="hidden" value="GYrm7BJjYFU8pZoz" /> <input id="sociallogin-referer" name="referer" type="hidden" value="" /><input name="sociallogin-checkout" type="hidden" value="" /><input id="sociallogin-submit" type="submit" value="" /></form><div class="page-wrapper"><div class="page-before-header"> <div class="widget block block-static-block"></div></div><header class="page-header"><div class="header content"> <a class="action skip contentarea" href="#contentarea"><span> Skip to Content</span></a> <a class="logo" href="https://extension.psu.edu/" title="Penn State Extension" aria-label="store logo"><img src="https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/frontend/BlueAcorn/site/en_US/images/logo.svg" title="Penn State Extension" alt="Penn State Extension" height="52" width="251" /><img src="https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/frontend/BlueAcorn/site/en_US/images/print/logo.svg" title="Penn State Extension" alt="Penn State Extension" class="print" style="display: none" loading="lazy" height="52" width="251" /></a> <span data-action="toggle-nav" class="action nav-toggle"><span>Menu</span></span> <nav aria-labelledby="mainmenulabel" class="main-menu" style="display: none;" data-mage-init='{"mainMenu":{}}'><div class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title main-menu-title">Browse by Category <div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"><ul class="main-menu__list" role="menu"> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-3" >Animals and Livestock</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Animals and Livestock</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-3"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/dairy" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-6" >Dairy</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Dairy</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-6"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/dairy" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/dairy/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-9" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/dairy/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-12" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/dairy/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-15" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/dairy/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-18" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/dairy/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-21" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/dairy/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-24" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/dairy/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-27" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/dairy/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-30" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-54" >Poultry</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Poultry</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-54"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-57" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-60" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-63" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-66" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-69" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-72" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-75" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-78" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/poultry/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-81" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-102" >Beef Cattle</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Beef Cattle</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-102"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-105" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-108" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-111" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-114" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-117" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-120" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-123" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-126" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/beef-cattle/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-129" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-150" >Equine</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Equine</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-150"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/pasture-and-environment-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-153" >Pasture and Environment Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-156" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-159" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-162" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-165" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-168" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-171" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/equine/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-174" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-195" >Swine</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Swine</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-195"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-198" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-201" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-204" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-207" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-210" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-213" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-216" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-219" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-222" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-243" >Goats</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Goats</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-243"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-246" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-249" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-252" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-255" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-258" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-261" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-264" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-267" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-270" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-291" >Sheep</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Sheep</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-291"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-294" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-297" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-300" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-303" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-306" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-309" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-312" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-315" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-318" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-339" >Llamas and Alpacas</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Llamas and Alpacas</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-339"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-348" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-351" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-357" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-360" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-366" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2608" >Canine</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Canine</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2608"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2611" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/behavior-and-welfare" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2614" >Behavior and Welfare</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2617" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2620" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-387" >Forage and Food Crops </a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Forage and Food Crops </span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-387"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-390" >Agronomic Crops</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Agronomic Crops</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-390"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-393" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-396" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-399" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-402" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-405" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-408" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-411" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-414" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-417" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-438" >Cover Crops</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Cover Crops</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-438"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-441" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-444" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-447" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-450" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-453" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-456" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-459" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-462" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-465" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-483" >Forages</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Forages</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-483"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-486" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-489" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-492" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/forage-quality-and-testing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-495" >Forage Quality and Testing</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-498" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-501" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-504" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-507" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-510" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-513" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-537" >Fruit</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Fruit</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-537"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-540" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/cultivars-and-rootstocks" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-543" >Cultivars and Rootstocks</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-546" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-549" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-552" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-555" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-558" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-561" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-564" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-636" >Mushrooms</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Mushrooms</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-636"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-639" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/substrate-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-645" >Substrate Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-648" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/food-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-651" >Food Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-657" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-585" >Vegetables</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Vegetables</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-585"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-588" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-591" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-594" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-597" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-600" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-603" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-606" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-609" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-612" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-675" >Trees, Lawns, and Landscaping</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Trees, Lawns, and Landscaping</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-675"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2431" >Aquatic Plants and Algae</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Aquatic Plants and Algae</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2431"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-828" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-831" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-837" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2434" >Christmas Trees</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Christmas Trees</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2434"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-909" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-915" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-927" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2425" >Home Gardening</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Home Gardening</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2425"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening/planting-and-growing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-861" >Planting and Growing</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-864" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening/soil-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-867" >Soil Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-870" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-873" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening/eco-friendly-gardening" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-876" >Eco-Friendly Gardening</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening/pollination-and-bees" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-879" >Pollination and Bees</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening/landscaping-for-wildlife" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-882" >Landscaping for Wildlife</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/home-gardening/animal-control" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-885" >Animal Control</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/ornamentals-and-floriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2437" >Ornamentals and Floriculture</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Ornamentals and Floriculture</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2437"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/ornamentals-and-floriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/ornamentals-and-floriculture/production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-786" >Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/ornamentals-and-floriculture/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-789" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/ornamentals-and-floriculture/soil-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-792" >Soil Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/ornamentals-and-floriculture/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-795" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/ornamentals-and-floriculture/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-798" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/ornamentals-and-floriculture/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-801" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/ornamentals-and-floriculture/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-804" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-678" >Trees and Shrubs</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Trees and Shrubs</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-678"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-681" >Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-684" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/soil-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-687" >Soil Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-690" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-693" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-699" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-702" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-729" >Turfgrass and Lawn Care</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Turfgrass and Lawn Care</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-729"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care/species-and-cultivars" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-732" >Species and Cultivars</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care/establishment-and-renovation" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-735" >Establishment and Renovation</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care/fertility-and-soil-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-738" >Fertility and Soil Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care/cultural-practices" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-741" >Cultural Practices</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-744" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-747" >Weed Identification and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care/athletic-fields-and-sports-turf" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-753" >Athletic Fields and Sports Turf</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care/golf-course-turf" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-756" >Golf Course Turf</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-762" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/turfgrass-and-lawn-care/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-765" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-948" >Insects, Pests, and Diseases</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Insects, Pests, and Diseases</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-948"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pest-disease-and-weed-identification" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-951" >Pest, Disease and Weed Identification</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Pest, Disease and Weed Identification</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-951"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pest-disease-and-weed-identification" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pest-disease-and-weed-identification/insect-identification-and-control" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-954" >Insect Identification and Control</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pest-disease-and-weed-identification/weed-identification-and-control" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-957" >Weed Identification and Control</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pest-disease-and-weed-identification/plant-disease-identification-and-control" class="main-menu__inner-link current menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-960" >Plant Disease Identification and Control</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pesticide-applicators" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-984" >Pesticide Applicators</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Pesticide Applicators</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-984"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pesticide-applicators" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pesticide-applicators/certification-and-study-materials" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-987" >Certification and Study Materials</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pesticide-applicators/recertification" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-990" >Recertification</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pesticide-applicators/resources-and-best-practices" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-993" >Resources and Best Practices</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pest-management-and-education" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1005" >Pest Management and Education</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Pest Management and Education</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1005"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pest-management-and-education" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pest-management-and-education/agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1008" >Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pest-management-and-education/public-homeowners" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1011" >Public/Homeowners</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pest-management-and-education/educators-and-teachers" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1014" >Educators and Teachers</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pollinators" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1044" >Pollinators</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Pollinators</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1044"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pollinators" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pollinators/beekeeping" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1047" >Beekeeping</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pollinators/habitat-and-landscape" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1050" >Habitat and Landscape</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pollinators/identification-and-biology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1053" >Identification and Biology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pollinators/pesticides" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1056" >Pesticides</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/pollinators/pollination-services" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1059" >Pollination Services</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/vectors" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2493" >Vectors</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Vectors</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2493"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/vectors" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/vectors/tick-identification-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2496" >Tick Identification and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/vectors/mosquito-identification-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2499" >Mosquito Identification and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/insects-pests-and-diseases/vectors/vector-borne-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2502" >Vector-Borne Diseases</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-1077" >Forests and Wildlife</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Forests and Wildlife</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-1077"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2440" >Forest Management</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Forest Management</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2440"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-management/management-practices" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1083" >Management Practices</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-management/invasive-and-competing-plants" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1086" >Invasive and Competing Plants</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-management/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1089" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-management/legacy-planning" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1095" >Legacy Planning</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forestry-business-and-economics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2443" >Forestry Business and Economics</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Forestry Business and Economics</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2443"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forestry-business-and-economics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forestry-business-and-economics/agroforestry" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2446" >Agroforestry</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forestry-business-and-economics/county-forest-economic-data" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2467" >County Forest Economic Data</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forestry-business-and-economics/policy-and-ordinances" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2470" >Policy and Ordinances</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forestry-business-and-economics/timber-market-report" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1122" >Timber Market Report</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-products" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1152" >Forest Products</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Forest Products</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1152"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-products" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-products/biofuels" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2449" >Biofuels</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-products/botanicals" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2452" >Botanicals</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-products/maple-syrup" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2455" >Maple Syrup</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/forest-products/wood-products" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1155" >Wood Products</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/urban-forestry" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1974" >Urban Forestry</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Urban Forestry</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1974"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/urban-forestry" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/urban-forestry/community-forest-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2481" >Community Forest Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/urban-forestry/tree-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2484" >Tree Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/urban-forestry/tree-selection-and-planting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2487" >Tree Selection and Planting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/urban-forestry/municipal-stormwater-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2490" >Municipal Stormwater Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/wildlife" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1185" >Wildlife</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Wildlife</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1185"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/wildlife" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/wildlife/habitat-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1188" >Habitat Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/wildlife/wildlife-ecology-and-conservation" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1194" >Wildlife Ecology and Conservation</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forests-and-wildlife/wildlife/wildlife-nuisance-and-damage" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1197" >Wildlife Nuisance and Damage</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-1218" >Food Safety and Quality</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Food Safety and Quality</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-1218"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/commercial-food-processing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1221" >Commercial Food Processing</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Commercial Food Processing</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1221"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/commercial-food-processing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/commercial-food-processing/good-manufacturing-practices" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1224" >Good Manufacturing Practices</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/commercial-food-processing/regulations" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1227" >Regulations</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/commercial-food-processing/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1230" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/dairy-food-processing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1254" >Dairy Food Processing</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Dairy Food Processing</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1254"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/dairy-food-processing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/dairy-food-processing/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1257" >Business Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/dairy-food-processing/production-and-processing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1260" >Production and Processing</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/dairy-food-processing/regulations" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1263" >Regulations</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/dairy-food-processing/safety-and-sanitation" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1266" >Safety and Sanitation</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/farm-food-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1281" >Farm Food Safety</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Farm Food Safety</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1281"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/farm-food-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/farm-food-safety/good-agricultural-practices" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1284" >Good Agricultural Practices</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/farm-food-safety/regulations" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1287" >Regulations</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/food-service-and-retail" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1311" >Food Service and Retail</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Food Service and Retail</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1311"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/food-service-and-retail" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/food-service-and-retail/food-service-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1314" >Food Service Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/food-service-and-retail/regulations" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1317" >Regulations</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/food-service-and-retail/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1320" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/home-food-preservation-and-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1344" >Home Food Preservation and Safety</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Home Food Preservation and Safety</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1344"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/home-food-preservation-and-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/home-food-preservation-and-safety/food-preservation" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1347" >Food Preservation</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/home-food-preservation-and-safety/food-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1350" >Food Safety</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/grape-and-wine-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1374" >Grape and Wine Production</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Grape and Wine Production</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1374"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/grape-and-wine-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/grape-and-wine-production/grape-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1377" >Grape Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/grape-and-wine-production/wine-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1380" >Wine Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/grape-and-wine-production/business-management-and-marketing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1383" >Business Management and Marketing</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/beer-hard-cider-and-distilled-spirits" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1404" >Beer, Hard Cider, and Distilled Spirits</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Beer, Hard Cider, and Distilled Spirits</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1404"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/beer-hard-cider-and-distilled-spirits" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/beer-hard-cider-and-distilled-spirits/production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1407" >Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/food-safety-and-quality/beer-hard-cider-and-distilled-spirits/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1413" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-1434" >Water</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Water</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-1434"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1437" >Drinking and Residential Water</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Drinking and Residential Water</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1437"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water/water-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1440" >Water Quality </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water/supply-and-conservation" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1443" >Supply and Conservation</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water/maintenance-and-treatment" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1446" >Maintenance and Treatment</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/drinking-and-residential-water/testing-and-interpretation" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1449" >Testing and Interpretation</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/pond-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1470" >Pond Management</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Pond Management</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1470"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/pond-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/pond-management/water-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1473" >Water Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/pond-management/pond-maintenance" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1476" >Pond Maintenance</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/pond-management/aquatic-plants-and-algae" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1479" >Aquatic Plants and Algae</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/pond-management/fisheries-wildlife-and-ecology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1482" >Fisheries, Wildlife, and Ecology</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/urban-and-residential-stormwater" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1506" >Urban and Residential Stormwater</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Urban and Residential Stormwater</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1506"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/urban-and-residential-stormwater" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/urban-and-residential-stormwater/water-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1509" >Water Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/urban-and-residential-stormwater/flood-control" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1512" >Flood Control</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/urban-and-residential-stormwater/design-construction-and-maintenance" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1515" >Design, Construction, and Maintenance</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/wastewater-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1539" >Wastewater Management</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Wastewater Management</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1539"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/wastewater-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/wastewater-management/private-septic-systems" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1542" >Private Septic Systems</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/wastewater-management/industrial" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1545" >Industrial</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/water-for-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1566" >Water for Agriculture</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Water for Agriculture</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1566"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/water-for-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/water-for-agriculture/conservation-practices" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1569" >Conservation Practices</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/water-for-agriculture/irrigation-water" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1572" >Irrigation Water</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/water-for-agriculture/livestock-drinking-water" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1575" >Livestock Drinking Water</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/water-for-agriculture/nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1578" >Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/watershed-protection-and-restoration" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1602" >Watershed Protection and Restoration</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Watershed Protection and Restoration</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1602"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/watershed-protection-and-restoration" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/watershed-protection-and-restoration/streams-and-rivers" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1605" >Streams and Rivers</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/watershed-protection-and-restoration/water-quality-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1608" >Water Quality and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/watershed-protection-and-restoration/watershed-education" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1611" >Watershed Education</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/conservation-practices-and-training" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2596" >Conservation Practices and Training</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Conservation Practices and Training</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2596"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/conservation-practices-and-training" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/conservation-practices-and-training/ag-literacy" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2599" >Ag Literacy</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/conservation-practices-and-training/conservation-practices" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2602" >Conservation Practices</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/water/conservation-practices-and-training/administration-and-funding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2605" >Administration and Funding</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-1623" >Energy </a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Energy </span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-1623"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/marcellus-shale-and-natural-gas" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1626" >Marcellus Shale and Natural Gas</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Marcellus Shale and Natural Gas</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1626"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/marcellus-shale-and-natural-gas" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/marcellus-shale-and-natural-gas/landowner-leasing-and-royalties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1629" >Landowner Leasing and Royalties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/marcellus-shale-and-natural-gas/economic-and-business-impacts" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2458" >Economic and Business Impacts</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/marcellus-shale-and-natural-gas/environmental-impacts" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1632" >Environmental Impacts</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/marcellus-shale-and-natural-gas/municipality-and-government-impacts" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1635" >Municipality and Government Impacts</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/renewable-and-alternative-energy" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1662" >Renewable and Alternative Energy</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Renewable and Alternative Energy</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1662"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/renewable-and-alternative-energy" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/renewable-and-alternative-energy/biofuels" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2461" >Biofuels</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/renewable-and-alternative-energy/energy-use-and-efficiency" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1665" >Energy Use and Efficiency</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/energy/renewable-and-alternative-energy/renewable-energy-resources" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1671" >Renewable Energy Resources</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-1692" >Business and Operations</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Business and Operations</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-1692"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/starting-a-farm" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1695" >Starting a Farm</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Starting a Farm</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1695"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/starting-a-farm" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/starting-a-farm/exploring-farming" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1701" >Exploring Farming</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/starting-a-farm/starting-a-business" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1704" >Starting a Business</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/starting-a-farm/introduction-to-agronomy" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1707" >Introduction to Agronomy</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/starting-a-farm/introduction-to-horticulture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1710" >Introduction to Horticulture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/starting-a-farm/introduction-to-livestock" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1713" >Introduction to Livestock</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1737" >Business Management</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Business Management</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1737"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/business-management/business-growth" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2464" >Business Growth</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/business-management/financial-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1740" >Financial</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/business-management/marketing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1746" >Marketing and Sales</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/business-management/insurance" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1749" >Risk Management and Insurance</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/business-management/transition-and-succession-planning" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1755" >Transition and Succession Planning</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/human-resources" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1776" >Human Resources</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Human Resources</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1776"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/human-resources" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/human-resources/labor-relations" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1779" >Labor Relations</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/human-resources/professional-development" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1785" >Professional Development</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/human-resources/volunteer-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1788" >Volunteer Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/human-resources/workforce-development" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1791" >Workforce Development</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/land-and-equipment" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1803" >Land and Equipment</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Land and Equipment</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1803"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/land-and-equipment" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/land-and-equipment/acquisition-and-leasing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1806" >Acquisition and Leasing</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/land-and-equipment/emerging-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1809" >Emerging Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/land-and-equipment/maintenance" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1812" >Maintenance</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-markets" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1827" >Farm Markets</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Farm Markets</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1827"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-markets" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-markets/getting-started" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1830" >Getting Started</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-markets/management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1833" >Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-markets/marketing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1836" >Marketing</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1848" >Farm Safety</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Farm Safety</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1848"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-safety/animal-handling" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1851" >Animal Handling</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-safety/farm-emergency-training" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1854" >Farm Emergency Training</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-safety/farm-equipment-and-structures" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1857" >Farm Equipment and Structures</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-safety/protective-gear" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1860" >Protective Gear</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-safety/youth-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1863" >Youth Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-safety/disaster-preparedness" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1866" >Disaster Preparedness</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/business-and-operations/farm-safety/agrability" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1869" >AgrAbility</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-1893" >Community Development</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Community Development</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-1893"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/community-planning-and-engagement" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1896" >Community Planning and Engagement</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Community Planning and Engagement</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1896"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/community-planning-and-engagement" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/community-planning-and-engagement/broadband" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1899" >Broadband</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/community-planning-and-engagement/community-development" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1902" >Community Development</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/community-planning-and-engagement/leadership" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1905" >Leadership</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/community-planning-and-engagement/local-government" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1908" >Local Government</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/community-planning-and-engagement/volunteer-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1911" >Volunteer Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/economic-development" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1932" >Economic Development</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Economic Development</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1932"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/economic-development" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/economic-development/see-all-economic-development" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1935" >See All Economic Development</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/land-use" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1953" >Land Use</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Land Use</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1953"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/land-use" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/community-development/land-use/see-all-land-use" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-1959" >See All Land Use</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-1995" >Youth, Family, and Health</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Youth, Family, and Health</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-1995"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/nutrition-diet-and-health" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-1998" >Nutrition, Diet, and Health</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Nutrition, Diet, and Health</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-1998"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/nutrition-diet-and-health" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/nutrition-diet-and-health/chronic-disease" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2004" >Chronic Disease</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/nutrition-diet-and-health/food-allergies" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2007" >Food Allergies</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/nutrition-diet-and-health/fitness-and-exercise" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2010" >Fitness and Exercise</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/nutrition-diet-and-health/mental-health" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2475" >Mental Health</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/nutrition-diet-and-health/nutrition-and-food" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2001" >Nutrition and Food</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/children-and-families" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2064" >Children and Families</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Children and Families</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2064"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/children-and-families" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/children-and-families/early-childhood-care-and-education" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2067" >Early Childhood Care and Education</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/children-and-families/family-resiliency" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2073" >Family Resiliency</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/children-and-families/financial-wellness-and-literacy" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2621" >Financial Wellness and Literacy</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/youth-family-and-health/children-and-families/substance-use-education" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2070" >Substance Use Education</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/programs/4-h" data-menu="menu-2477" class="main-menu__inner-link" >4-H Youth Development</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  menu-section-title level0"><div data-role="title" class="top-level-title"> <a href="#" data-menu="menu-2382" class="main-menu__link" >Browse All by Education Format</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Browse All by Education Format</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item level0"><div data-role="title" class="top-level-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/education-format/articles" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-2387" >Articles</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Articles</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item level0"><div data-role="title" class="top-level-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/education-format/conferences" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-2390" >Conferences</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Conferences</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item level0"><div data-role="title" class="top-level-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/education-format/publications" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-2399" >Guides and Publications</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Guides and Publications</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item level0"><div data-role="title" class="top-level-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/education-format/news" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-2393" >News</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>News</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item level0"><div data-role="title" class="top-level-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/education-format/online-courses" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-2396" >Online Courses</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Online Courses</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item level0"><div data-role="title" class="top-level-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/education-format/tools-and-apps" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-2473" >Tools and Apps</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Tools and Apps</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item level0"><div data-role="title" class="top-level-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/education-format/videos" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-2402" >Videos</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Videos</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item level0"><div data-role="title" class="top-level-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/education-format/webinars" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-2405" >Webinars</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Webinars</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item level0"><div data-role="title" class="top-level-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/education-format/workshops" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-2408" >Workshops</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Workshops</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></nav> <div class="block block-search"><div class="block block-title"><strong>Search</strong></div><div class="block block-content"><form id="minisearch-form-top-search" class="form minisearch" action="https://extension.psu.edu/catalogsearch/result/" method="get" ><div class="field search"><label class="label" for="minisearch-input-top-search" data-role="minisearch-label"><span>Search</span></label> <div class="control"><input id="minisearch-input-top-search" type="text" name="q" value="" placeholder="" class="input-text" maxlength="128" role="combobox" aria-haspopup="false" aria-autocomplete="both" aria-expanded="false" autocomplete="off" data-block="autocomplete-form" data-mage-init="{"quickSearch":{"formSelector":"#minisearch-form-top-search","url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/search\/ajax\/suggest\/","destinationSelector":"#minisearch-autocomplete-top-search","templates":{"term":{"title":"Search terms","template":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCore\/autocomplete\/term"},"product":{"title":"Education","template":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCatalog\/autocomplete\/product"},"category":{"title":"Categories","template":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCatalog\/autocomplete\/category"},"product_attribute":{"title":"Attributes","template":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCatalog\/autocomplete\/product-attribute","titleRenderer":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCatalog\/js\/autocomplete\/product-attribute"},"cms_page":{"title":"Pages","template":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCms\/autocomplete\/cms"}},"priceFormat":{"pattern":"$%s","precision":2,"requiredPrecision":2,"decimalSymbol":".","groupSymbol":",","groupLength":3,"integerRequired":false},"minSearchLength":"2"}}" /><div id="minisearch-autocomplete-top-search" class="search-autocomplete"></div></div></div><div class="actions"><button type="submit" title="Search" class="action search" ><span>Search</span></button></div></form></div></div> <div class="account-dropdown"><span data-mage-init='{"dropdown":{}}' data-toggle="dropdown" class="action toggle" data-action="customer-menu-toggle" aria-label="Toggle Account Menu" role="button" ><span class="label">Account</span></span> <ul data-target="dropdown" class="dropdown-options dropdown" data-bind="scope: 'customHeaderComponent'" aria-label="Account Menu"></ul></div> <div data-block="minicart" class="minicart-wrapper is-slide"><a class="action showcart" href="https://extension.psu.edu/checkout/cart/" data-bind="scope: 'minicart_content'"><span class="text">Cart</span> <span class="counter qty empty" data-bind="css: { empty: !!getCartParam('summary_count') == false && !isLoading() }, blockLoader: isLoading"><span class="counter-number"></span> <span class="counter-label"></span></span></a> <div class="block block-minicart" data-role="dropdownDialog" data-mage-init='{"dropdownDialog":{ "appendTo":"[data-block=minicart]", "triggerTarget":".showcart", "timeout": "2000", "closeOnMouseLeave": false, "closeOnEscape": true, "triggerClass":"active", "bodyClass": "minicart-opened show-overlay", "parentClass":"active", "buttons":[], "ariaLabel": "Shopping Cart" }}'><div id="minicart-content-wrapper" class="minicart-content-wrapper" data-bind="scope: 'minicart_content'"></div></div> </div></div></header><div class="top-container"> </div> <nav class="breadcrumbs" aria-label="Breadcrumb"><ul class="items"> <li class="item home"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/" title="Go to Home Page">Home</a> </li> <li class="item category169"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops" title="">Forage and Food Crops</a> </li> <li class="item category215"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit" title="">Fruit</a> </li> <li class="item category219"> <strong>Pests and Diseases</strong> </li> </ul></nav> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"><style> @media print { .noprint { display: none !important; } } </style></div></div> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"><style> @media print { .noprint { display: none !important; } } </style></div></div><main id="maincontent" class="page-main"> <a id="contentarea" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="parent-category-name">Fruit</span> <div class="page-title-wrapper"><h1 class="page-title" id="page-title-heading" aria-labelledby="page-title-heading toolbar-amount" ><span class="base" data-ui-id="page-title-wrapper" >Pests and Diseases</span></h1> </div><div class="page messages"> <div data-placeholder="messages"></div> <div data-bind="scope: 'messages'"><div aria-atomic="true" role="alert" class="messages" data-bind="foreach: { data: cookieMessagesObservable(), as: 'message' }"><div data-bind="attr: { class: 'message-' + message.type + ' ' + message.type + ' message', 'data-ui-id': 'message-' + message.type }"><div data-bind="html: $parent.prepareMessageForHtml(message.text)"></div></div></div><div aria-atomic="true" role="alert" class="messages" data-bind="foreach: { data: messages().messages, as: 'message' }, afterRender: purgeMessages"><div data-bind="attr: { class: 'message-' + message.type + ' ' + message.type + ' message', 'data-ui-id': 'message-' + message.type }"><div data-bind="html: $parent.prepareMessageForHtml(message.text)"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="category-view"> <div class="category-description"><p>Fruit diseases and pests are extremely common, making the use of chemical controls an important part of the production process. On this page, fruit growers will find information and tips on managing diseases, fruit bugs, and insect pests on crops such as apples, pears, grapes, and berries. Advice on using fungicides, antibiotics, insecticides, and miticides can be found, as well.</p> <h2>Common Fruit Diseases</h2> <p>Fruits crops, like all other plants, are susceptible to various diseases that can cause adverse changes and affect production. Scab, for example, is among the most common pear and apple diseases.</p> <p><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/apple-disease-apple-scab">Apple scab</a> is caused by a fungus and early infection signs can be spotted on the leaves, stem, or blossom end of the fruit. Lesions manifest in dull, olive green areas or spots. To prevent secondary infections, it’s critical to <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/orchard-ipm-scouting-for-apple-scab">scout and control apple scab</a> early in the season.</p> <p>Pear scab has very similar symptoms and disease cycles. Unlike apple scab, however, <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pear-disease-pear-scab">pear scab</a> frequently appears on twigs, where it can survive during winter and start new infections in spring.</p> <p><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/apple-and-pear-disease-gray-mold">Gray mold</a> is another prevalent cause of disease in apples and pears. The primary infection points for the introduction of gray mold are fruit injuries and wounds. The disease can easily spread from infected to adjacent healthy fruit in storage.</p> <p>Penn State Extension offers in-depth information on a number of fruit tree diseases, including <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/strawberry-disease-leaf-spots">strawberry leaf spots</a> and leather rot, wooly apple aphid, and <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/raspberry-disease-phytophthora-root-rot">phytophthora root rot</a> in raspberries. Resources on common <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/plum-pox-virus-and-other-diseases-of-stone-fruits">stone fruit and plum tree diseases</a> are also available.</p> <h2>Tree Fruit Insect Pests</h2> <p>Fruit pests can cause a significant decrease in yield. One of the more devastating fruit tree pests is the <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-identification-and-concern">spotted lanternfly</a>. It is an invasive insect that feeds on a wide range of plants. Penn State Extension provides growers with <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-management-resources">Spotted Lanternfly Management Resources</a>, as well as <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-permit-training">permit training and best practices</a> to stop its spread.</p> <p>Other common fruit tree pests include <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-fruit-insect-pest-american-plum-borer">American plum borer</a>, dogwood borer, and <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-fruit-insect-pest-oriental-fruit-moth">oriental fruit moth</a>. Additionally, tree fruits can be attacked by various species of <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-fruit-insect-pests-plant-bugs-and-stink-bugs">plant and stink bugs</a>.</p> <h2>Orchard Integrated Pest Management</h2> <p><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/orchard-ipm-integrated-pest-management-an-overview">Integrated Pest Management</a>, or IPM, allows fruit producers to ensure proper pest management decisions that are economically, environmentally, and socially sound. IPM begins with collecting detailed information about a crop and its pest, also known as scouting.</p> <p><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/orchard-ipm-scouting">Regular field scouting</a> is key to conserving soil and reducing pesticide use. Along with scouting, implementing <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/orchard-ipm-insect-monitoring">IPM insect monitoring</a> can be a cost-effective way to detect the presence of pests in traps placed in orchards.</p> <p>For further information on orchard IPM, access the <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/orchard-ipm-field-guide-to-tree-fruit-disorders-pests-and-beneficials">Field Guide to Tree Fruit Disorders, Pests, and Beneficials</a>. The publication – available in both English and Spanish – can be beneficial to orchard employees, who are often the first to detect a fruit disease or insect pest.</p> <h2>Fruit Fungicide and Pesticide Application</h2> <p>Fungi-caused infections are one of the most prevalent orchard diseases. They are often managed with either <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-fruit-disease-toolbox-fungicide-resistance-management">fungicidal or fungistatic pesticides</a>. Fungicides are separated into two categories: protectants and systemics.</p> <p>Protectant fungicides are designed to protect plants against infections at the application site. Systemics prevent diseases from developing on parts of the plant away from the application site. Discover more with Penn State Extension’s resources on <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/fungicide-resistance-and-the-acronyms">fungicide resistance</a>, proper usage and maintenance, and <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/apple-disease-control-toolbox-fungicide-and-antibiotic-efficacy">fungicide recommendations</a> for apple diseases.</p> <p>Fruit growers can find guidance and tools for spray products usage, such as the <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spray-record-keeping">Spray Record-Keeping</a> spreadsheet. Advice on <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/apple-insect-and-mite-control-toolbox-insecticide-and-miticide-efficacy">apple insect and mite control</a> is also available, as well as certification training for <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/private-pesticide-applicator-short-course">private pesticide application</a>.</p></div> </div><div class="columns"><div class="sidebar sidebar-main"> <div class="block filter" id="layered-filter-block" data-mage-init='{"collapsible":{"openedState": "active", "collapsible": true, "active": false, "collateral": { "openedState": "filter-active", "element": "body" } }}'> <div class="block-title filter-title" data-count="0"><strong data-role="title">Narrow By</strong></div><div class="block-content filter-content"> <strong role="heading" aria-level="2" class="block-subtitle filter-subtitle">Narrow By:</strong> <div class="filter-options" id="narrow-by-list" data-role="content" data-mage-init='{"accordion":{"openedState": "active", "collapsible": true, "active": [0,1,2], "multipleCollapsible": true}}'> <div data-role="collapsible" class="filter-options-item"><div data-role="title" class="filter-options-title">Education Format</div><div data-role="content" class="filter-options-content"> <div data-bind="scope: 'education_formatFilter'"></div></div></div> <div data-role="collapsible" class="filter-options-item"><div data-role="title" class="filter-options-title">Language</div><div data-role="content" class="filter-options-content"> <div data-bind="scope: 'languageFilter'"></div></div></div> <div data-role="collapsible" class="filter-options-item"><div data-role="title" class="filter-options-title">Application</div><div data-role="content" class="filter-options-content"> <div data-bind="scope: 'home_or_commercialFilter'"></div></div></div> <div data-role="collapsible" class="filter-options-item"><div data-role="title" class="filter-options-title">Fruit</div><div data-role="content" class="filter-options-content"> <div data-bind="scope: 'fruitFilter'"></div></div></div> <div data-role="collapsible" class="filter-options-item"><div data-role="title" class="filter-options-title">Author / Instructor</div><div data-role="content" class="filter-options-content"> <div data-bind="scope: 'authorsFilter'"></div></div></div> </div></div></div></div><div class="column main"> <div id="ajaxlogin-popup" data-bind="scope:'ajaxLogin'" style="display: none;"></div><input name="form_key" type="hidden" value="GYrm7BJjYFU8pZoz" /> <div id="authenticationPopup" data-bind="scope:'authenticationPopup', style: {display: 'none'}">  </div> <div class="toolbar toolbar-products toolbar-top" data-mage-init='{"productListToolbarForm":{"mode":"product_list_mode","direction":"product_list_dir","order":"product_list_order","limit":"product_list_limit","modeDefault":"list","directionDefault":null,"orderDefault":"publish_date","limitDefault":25,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases","formKey":"GYrm7BJjYFU8pZoz","post":false}}'> <div class="modes"> <strong class="modes-label" id="modes-label">View as</strong> <strong title="List" class="modes-mode active mode-list" data-value="list"><span>List</span></strong> <a class="modes-mode mode-grid" title="Grid" href="#" data-role="mode-switcher" data-value="grid" id="mode-grid" aria-labelledby="modes-label mode-grid"><span>Grid</span></a> </div> <p class="toolbar-amount" id="toolbar-amount"> Items <span class="toolbar-number">1</span>-<span class="toolbar-number">25</span> of <span class="toolbar-number">206</span> </p> <div class="field limiter"><label class="label" for="limiter"><span>View</span></label> <div class="control"><select id="limiter" data-role="limiter" class="limiter-options"> <option value="10" >10</option> <option value="25" selected="selected" >25</option> <option value="50" >50</option> <option value="100" >100</option></select></div></div> <div class="toolbar-sorter"><span class="sorter-label">Sort by:</span> <div class="brand-dropdown filled"><span class="action toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" data-mage-init='{"dropdown":{}}'><span class="current-order">Date Posted</span></span> <ul class="dropdown" data-target="dropdown"> <li data-role="sorter" data-value="position"><span>Position</span></li> <li data-role="sorter" data-value="name"><span>Product Name</span></li> <li data-role="sorter" data-value="sku"><span>SKU</span></li> <li data-role="sorter" data-value="price"><span>Price</span></li> <li class="selected" data-role="sorter" data-value="publish_date"><span>Date Posted</span></li> <li data-role="sorter" data-value="event_start_date"><span>Start Date</span></li> </ul> <a title="Set Ascending Direction" href="#" class="action sorter-action sort-desc" data-role="direction-switcher" data-value="asc"><span>Set Ascending Direction</span></a> </div></div> </div> <div class="products wrapper list products-list"> <ol class="products list items product-items"> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_5442" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/how-to-remove-spotted-lanternfly-eggs" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-5442-67490225680bf"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/a/0adfccbe8b1d602a8fb68902c5436520.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/a/0adfccbe8b1d602a8fb68902c5436520.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/a/0adfccbe8b1d602a8fb68902c5436520.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="How To Remove Spotted Lanternfly Eggs"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-544267490225680bf { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-544267490225680bf span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-544267490225680bf span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="809"></span> Videos</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/how-to-remove-spotted-lanternfly-eggs">How To Remove Spotted Lanternfly Eggs</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Donald Seifrit</span></div> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>1:14</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn how to scrape and destroy spotted lanternfly egg masses, which are visible between October and July.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_66427" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/produce-grower-update-current-berry-issues" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-66427-6749022568763"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/b/6b32fa4fdfd913d138563c8f15ca7204.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/b/6b32fa4fdfd913d138563c8f15ca7204.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/b/6b32fa4fdfd913d138563c8f15ca7204.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Produce Grower Update: Current Berry Issues"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-664276749022568763 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-664276749022568763 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-664276749022568763 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="810"></span> Webinars</div> <div class="price-box price-final_price" data-role="priceBox" data-product-id="66427" data-price-box="product-id-66427"> <p class="minimal-price"> <span class="price-container price-final_price tax weee" > <span class="price-label"></span> <span id="from-66427" data-price-amount="15" data-price-type="" class="price-wrapper " ><span class="price">$15.00</span></span> </span> </p></div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/produce-grower-update-current-berry-issues">Produce Grower Update: Current Berry Issues</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute when'><span class='label'>When </span><span class='value'>02/20/2025</span></div> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>2 hours</span></div> <div class='attribute cvent_event_format'><span class='label'>Event Format </span><span class='value'>Virtual | Live</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn strategies to tackle current berry industry challenges and safe pesticide use. Ideal for commercial berry growers and applicators committed to healthy, sustainable crop practices.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_66337" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/crown-and-root-issues-in-strawberries" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-66337-6749022569d24"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/5/2547a60c98e846879fd548c74ad065e3.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/5/2547a60c98e846879fd548c74ad065e3.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/5/2547a60c98e846879fd548c74ad065e3.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Healthy strawberry crowns oxidize, or darken, when exposed to air. Photo: L. Fronk, Penn State"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-663376749022569d24 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-663376749022569d24 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-663376749022569d24 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/crown-and-root-issues-in-strawberries">Crown and Root Issues in Strawberries</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Leah Fronk, Kathy Demchak</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">A lot can go wrong with strawberries, and problems involving the crown and roots can be especially tricky to diagnose.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_65597" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-disease-update-sanitation-and-weather-station-maintenance" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-65597-674902256a321"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/c/1c85eee1b73b99ded61ac64b1224ea39.png?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/c/1c85eee1b73b99ded61ac64b1224ea39.png?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/c/1c85eee1b73b99ded61ac64b1224ea39.png?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Use urea to help breakdown scab infected leaves to limit apple scab spores being available in 2024. (Photo: K. Peter)"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-65597674902256a321 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-65597674902256a321 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-65597674902256a321 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-disease-update-sanitation-and-weather-station-maintenance">2024 Disease Update: Sanitation and Weather Station Maintenance</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>10/11/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">As the season winds down, remember several disease management items before they winterizing equipment. This is a review of what to have on your radar this fall as you put the 2024 season to bed.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_65233" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/fruit-times-alert-epa-soliciting-mancozeb-comments" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-65233-674902256a8db"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/d/5dad93c8ee51657d0b1633bdfe71089e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/d/5dad93c8ee51657d0b1633bdfe71089e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/d/5dad93c8ee51657d0b1633bdfe71089e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="MANZATE® PRO-STICK™(mancozeb) label logo."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-65233674902256a8db { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-65233674902256a8db span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-65233674902256a8db span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/fruit-times-alert-epa-soliciting-mancozeb-comments">Fruit Times Alert: EPA Soliciting Mancozeb Comments</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>9/25/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">The EPA is soliciting comments on proposed, significant registration changes to Mancozeb. Comments are due at 11:59 PM on October 16th, 2024.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_65230" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/fruit-times-alert-disease-update-for-september-25-2024" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-65230-674902256af11"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/a/ca6fdb7ae6ad51457976458882d77d01.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/a/ca6fdb7ae6ad51457976458882d77d01.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/a/ca6fdb7ae6ad51457976458882d77d01.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Fungicides are needed for late season varieties to limit rots. (Photo: K. Peter)"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-65230674902256af11 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-65230674902256af11 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-65230674902256af11 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/fruit-times-alert-disease-update-for-september-25-2024">Fruit Times Alert: Disease Update for September 25, 2024</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>9/25/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Apples scheduled to be harvested in October and early November are still susceptible to fungal rots. Reapply fungicides to prevent fruit rots, especially those that may show up in storage.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_64333" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/neopestalotiopsis-in-plasticulture-strawberry-plug-plants-2024" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-64333-674902256b4ce"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/a/ba5b5149aaccd9f64494ffd09cffcf24.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/a/ba5b5149aaccd9f64494ffd09cffcf24.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/a/ba5b5149aaccd9f64494ffd09cffcf24.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Strawberry leaves infected by Neopestalotiopsis showing black pycnidia that develop within lesions."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-64333674902256b4ce { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-64333674902256b4ce span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-64333674902256b4ce span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/neopestalotiopsis-in-plasticulture-strawberry-plug-plants-2024">Neopestalotiopsis in Plasticulture Strawberry Plug Plants – 2024</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>8/23/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">The strawberry disease Neopestalotiopsis is showing up again in the 2024 strawberry plug plant supply.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_36467" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/strawberry-disease-identification-neopestalotiopsis-aka-pestalotia-or-a-more-traditional-disease" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-36467-674902256ba97"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/c/cce7e1a72dc54294d7c88ad1c465ce43.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/c/cce7e1a72dc54294d7c88ad1c465ce43.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/c/cce7e1a72dc54294d7c88ad1c465ce43.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Figure 1: Leaf symptoms typical of Neopestalotiopsis (Pestlotia). Photo: Kathy Demchak, Penn State"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-36467674902256ba97 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-36467674902256ba97 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-36467674902256ba97 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/strawberry-disease-identification-neopestalotiopsis-aka-pestalotia-or-a-more-traditional-disease">Strawberry Disease Identification: Neopestalotiopsis (aka Pestalotia) or a More Traditional Disease?</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>8/21/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Neopestalotiopsis (Pestalotia) is a strawberry disease that has been causing problems on the East Coast since 2020.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_63796" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/herbicide-contamination-discovered-in-midash-forte" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-63796-674902256c04f"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/8/5822948fd345bcc5497d79e1b3be39ee.png?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/8/5822948fd345bcc5497d79e1b3be39ee.png?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/8/5822948fd345bcc5497d79e1b3be39ee.png?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="A partial copy of the specimen label for Midash Forte from Sharda USA, LLC."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-63796674902256c04f { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-63796674902256c04f span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-63796674902256c04f span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/herbicide-contamination-discovered-in-midash-forte">Herbicide Contamination Discovered in Midash Forte</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>8/8/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Penn State Extension has been notified of herbicide contamination in a lot of Midash Forte (Sharda USA, LLC) insecticide. Growers applying this product should suspend use until confirmed to be uncontaminated.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_63217" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-wing-drosophila-swd-a-2024-update-for-pa" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-63217-674902256c62b"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/0/70057c72f07665ed2fe52ca155c2e377.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/0/70057c72f07665ed2fe52ca155c2e377.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/0/70057c72f07665ed2fe52ca155c2e377.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Spotted wing drosophila male on underside of red raspberry"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-63217674902256c62b { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-63217674902256c62b span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-63217674902256c62b span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-wing-drosophila-swd-a-2024-update-for-pa">Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) – a 2024 Update for PA</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Kathy Demchak, Dave Biddinger, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Berry crops are running ahead of schedule this year, and so is their nemesis, spotted wing drosophila.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_63103" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/bramble-borers-or-solitary-bees" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-63103-674902256cd96"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/a/5a1886f1d106e347f5747c32ae8125ec.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/a/5a1886f1d106e347f5747c32ae8125ec.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/a/5a1886f1d106e347f5747c32ae8125ec.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Raspberry caneborer"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-63103674902256cd96 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-63103674902256cd96 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-63103674902256cd96 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/bramble-borers-or-solitary-bees">Bramble Borers - Or Solitary Bees?</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Kathy Demchak</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Growers may find holes or tunnels at various locations in bramble canes during the year. These can be caused by various boring pests, but also by pollinators. It’s important to know how to differentiate the two.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_2719" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-fruit-disease-predicting-infection-periods-to-apply-protection" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2719-674902256d376"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/4/7458f221469efd856c597e8ee5fb58a0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/4/7458f221469efd856c597e8ee5fb58a0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/4/7458f221469efd856c597e8ee5fb58a0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="A thermometer that records the maximum and minimum temperature is extremely useful for determining degree hours."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2719674902256d376 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2719674902256d376 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2719674902256d376 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-fruit-disease-predicting-infection-periods-to-apply-protection">Tree Fruit Disease - Predicting Infection Periods to Apply Protection</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Kari A. Peter, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">This article will help you manually determine infection periods for certain tree fruit diseases. Also included is a table listing coppers available to manage bacterial spot during cover sprays.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_62244" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/testing-biofumigation-as-an-option-for-nematode-control" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-62244-674902256d995"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/7/07ec030ad15f3e8e376da2c3719a376a.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/7/07ec030ad15f3e8e376da2c3719a376a.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/7/07ec030ad15f3e8e376da2c3719a376a.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Close up of Sorghum-Sudan. Photo: K. Peter, Penn State"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-62244674902256d995 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-62244674902256d995 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-62244674902256d995 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/testing-biofumigation-as-an-option-for-nematode-control">Testing Biofumigation as an Option for Nematode Control</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Jayson K. Harper, Ph.D., Kari A. Peter, Ph.D., Lynn Kime, Lynn Kime</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Plant parasitic nematodes are one of the major limiting factors in tree fruit production systems.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_2738" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/stone-fruit-disease-rusty-spot" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2738-674902256dfa2"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/4/44fd6e9dec1cd1ade256d8dfad2af37e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/4/44fd6e9dec1cd1ade256d8dfad2af37e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/4/44fd6e9dec1cd1ade256d8dfad2af37e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Rusty spot is recognized only on the fruit. The earliest symptoms on young green fruit appear as small, orange-tan spots. K. Peter."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2738674902256dfa2 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2738674902256dfa2 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2738674902256dfa2 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/stone-fruit-disease-rusty-spot">Stone Fruit Disease - Rusty Spot</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Kari A. Peter, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Caused by the same fungus as apple powdery mildew and only affects the fruit. Peach and nectarine cultivars vary in susceptibility.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_3275" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pome-fruit-disease-black-rot-and-frogeye-leaf-spot" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-3275-674902256e572"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/f/3f54d46adcb66d683308f5cd021603b2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/f/3f54d46adcb66d683308f5cd021603b2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/f/3f54d46adcb66d683308f5cd021603b2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Fruit rot usually appears at the calyx end of the fruit. There is usually one spot per fruit, a characteristic that distinguishes black rot from bitter rot. Photo by K. Peter."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3275674902256e572 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3275674902256e572 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3275674902256e572 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pome-fruit-disease-black-rot-and-frogeye-leaf-spot">Pome Fruit Disease - Black Rot and Frogeye Leaf Spot</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Kari A. Peter, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">The black rot and frogeye leaf spot fungus, Diplodia seriata (Botryosphaeria obtuse syn), covers a wide geographical range, attacking the fruit, leaves, and bark of apple trees and other pomaceous plants.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_2755" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pome-fruit-disease-blister-spot-on-crispin-mutsu" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2755-674902256eb17"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/9/691cf295fdac955d4dedcad3274f51c4.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/9/691cf295fdac955d4dedcad3274f51c4.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/9/691cf295fdac955d4dedcad3274f51c4.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Source: John Hartman, University of Kentucky, Bugwood.org"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2755674902256eb17 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2755674902256eb17 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2755674902256eb17 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pome-fruit-disease-blister-spot-on-crispin-mutsu">Pome Fruit Disease - Blister Spot on Crispin (Mutsu)</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Kari A. Peter, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Crispin apples are highly susceptible to blister spot bacterial infection, Pseudomonas syringae, about 2 weeks after petal fall for a period of 2 to 4 weeks.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_2263" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pome-fruit-disease-apple-union-necrosis-and-decline" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2263-674902256f0ec"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/1/c1aa9477d4cb641be2cc0dea23055314.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/1/c1aa9477d4cb641be2cc0dea23055314.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/1/c1aa9477d4cb641be2cc0dea23055314.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Source: H.J. Larsen, Bugwood.org"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2263674902256f0ec { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2263674902256f0ec span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2263674902256f0ec span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pome-fruit-disease-apple-union-necrosis-and-decline">Pome Fruit Disease - Apple Union Necrosis and Decline</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Kari A. Peter, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Apple union necrosis is an economic problem only in commercial apple orchards. It is caused by tomato ringspot virus, which affects the graft union of apple trees, resulting in gradual tree decline.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_2734" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pome-fruit-disease-rust" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2734-674902256f696"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/f/af668a259a3b0fb1752cc05ac131ba7a.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/f/af668a259a3b0fb1752cc05ac131ba7a.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/f/af668a259a3b0fb1752cc05ac131ba7a.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="On leaves, cedar-apple rust first appears as small, pale yellow spots on the upper surfaces. The spots enlarge to about 1∕8 inch in diameter. Photo by K. Peter."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2734674902256f696 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2734674902256f696 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2734674902256f696 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pome-fruit-disease-rust">Pome Fruit Disease - Rust</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Kari A. Peter, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">There are three rust diseases: cedar-apple rust, hawthorn rust, and quince rust. The most common is cedar-apple rust, Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_3278" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/stone-fruit-disease-brown-rot" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-3278-674902256fc73"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/5/d5de4b691d9fc790ce9a67b7ad3e086e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/5/d5de4b691d9fc790ce9a67b7ad3e086e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/5/d5de4b691d9fc790ce9a67b7ad3e086e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Fruit infections begin as small brown spots, and under wet and humid conditions, ash-gray to brown tufts of fungus develop over the surface of the infected area. Photo by S. Bardsley."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3278674902256fc73 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3278674902256fc73 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3278674902256fc73 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/stone-fruit-disease-brown-rot">Stone Fruit Disease - Brown Rot</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Kari A. Peter, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Brown rot is caused by the fungus Monilinia fructicola. It affects peaches, apricots, nectarines, plums, and cherries.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_3010" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/stone-fruit-disease-black-knot" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-3010-6749022570244"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/c/3caeaf6471b391d066dfcb176b834f57.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/c/3caeaf6471b391d066dfcb176b834f57.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/c/3caeaf6471b391d066dfcb176b834f57.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Photo by G. Moorman"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-30106749022570244 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-30106749022570244 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-30106749022570244 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/stone-fruit-disease-black-knot">Stone Fruit Disease - Black Knot</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Kari A. Peter, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Black knot of plum, caused by the fungus Dibotryon morbosum, is well-named because of the characteristic black, warty knots it forms on branches of infected trees.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_24973" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-management-for-landscape-professionals" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-24973-674902257081d"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_3898.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_3898.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_3898.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Photo: PA Department of Agriculture"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-24973674902257081d { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-24973674902257081d span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-24973674902257081d span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-management-for-landscape-professionals">Spotted Lanternfly Management for Landscape Professionals</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Brian Walsh, Heather L Leach, Amy Korman, Emelie Swackhamer</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">A guide that reviews the identification, life cycle, and techniques for managing SLF. While it can cause significant damage to plants, it is a nuisance pest in the ornamental and landscape industries.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_61933" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-disease-update-bitter-rot-management-begins-in-june" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-61933-6749022570e38"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/d/5dd2a261cb0b223e6cf73eeea3814f96.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/d/5dd2a261cb0b223e6cf73eeea3814f96.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/d/5dd2a261cb0b223e6cf73eeea3814f96.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Bitter rot management works best when fungicides are applied before rain events. Photo: K. Peter, Penn State"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-619336749022570e38 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-619336749022570e38 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-619336749022570e38 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-disease-update-bitter-rot-management-begins-in-june">2024 Disease Update: Bitter Rot Management Begins in June</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>6/11/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">June is when bitter rot management should begin in full swing.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_61909" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-disease-update-managing-fire-blight-and-apple-scab-infections" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-61909-674902257141a"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/8/5/856f0a160135e6a95391185a0d2fe463.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/8/5/856f0a160135e6a95391185a0d2fe463.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/8/5/856f0a160135e6a95391185a0d2fe463.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Several major infection events favored apple scab during the 2024 season. Photo: K. Peter, Penn State"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-61909674902257141a { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-61909674902257141a span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-61909674902257141a span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-disease-update-managing-fire-blight-and-apple-scab-infections">2024 Disease Update: Managing Fire Blight and Apple Scab Infections</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>6/10/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">This season, we have experienced multiple infection events for fire blight and apple scab.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_34675" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-management-guide" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-34675-67490225719d0"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/5/25fa3740d160c2f1f5dfe197d3f8fcb1_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/5/25fa3740d160c2f1f5dfe197d3f8fcb1_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/5/25fa3740d160c2f1f5dfe197d3f8fcb1_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Spotted Lanternfly Management Guide"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3467567490225719d0 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3467567490225719d0 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3467567490225719d0 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-management-guide">Spotted Lanternfly Management Guide</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Publication providing comprehensive details on the spotted lanternfly, including identification and life cycle; quarantine and distribution; host range, phenology, and damage; and management.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_61777" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-wing-drosophila-early-damage-potential-in-2024" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-61777-6749022571f8e"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/f/ff69415f0b7be2bc2600d2bed011a191.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/f/ff69415f0b7be2bc2600d2bed011a191.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/f/ff69415f0b7be2bc2600d2bed011a191.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Figure 1. Spotted wing drosophila larvae. Note the lack of an obvious head.  Photo: Kathy Demchak, Penn State"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-617776749022571f8e { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-617776749022571f8e span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-617776749022571f8e span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-wing-drosophila-early-damage-potential-in-2024">Spotted Wing Drosophila: Early Damage Potential in 2024</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>6/6/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Spotted wing drosophila (SWD) is being caught in monitoring traps in PA earlier than usual this year.</div> </div></div></li> </ol></div> <div class="toolbar toolbar-products toolbar-bottom" data-mage-init='{"productListToolbarForm":{"mode":"product_list_mode","direction":"product_list_dir","order":"product_list_order","limit":"product_list_limit","modeDefault":"list","directionDefault":null,"orderDefault":"publish_date","limitDefault":25,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases","formKey":"GYrm7BJjYFU8pZoz","post":false}}'> <div class="pages"><strong class="label pages-label" id="paging-label">Page</strong> <div class="items pages-items" aria-labelledby="paging-label"><div class="item pages-item-previous"> <a class="action  previous disabled" href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases?tab=default" title="Previous"><span class="label">Page</span> <span>Previous</span></a></div><div class="item pages-item-next"> <a class="action next " href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases?p=2&tab=default" title="Next"><span class="label">Page</span> <span>Next</span></a></div><div class="pages-list"> <div class="item current"><strong class="page"><span class="label">You're currently reading page</span> <span>1</span></strong></div> <div class="item"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases?p=2&tab=default" class="page"><span class="label">Page</span> <span>2</span></a></div> <div class="item"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases?p=3&tab=default" class="page"><span class="label">Page</span> <span>3</span></a></div> <div class="item"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases?p=4&tab=default" class="page"><span class="label">Page</span> <span>4</span></a></div> <div class="item"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases?p=5&tab=default" class="page"><span class="label">Page</span> <span>5</span></a></div> </div></div></div> </div> </div></div></main> <div class="featured-content__wrapper"><div class="featured-content" data-content-type="products" data-appearance="carousel" data-autoplay="false" data-autoplay-speed="4000" data-infinite-loop="false" data-show-arrows="true" data-show-dots="false" data-carousel-mode="default" data-slides-to-show="4" data-slides-to-scroll="1" data-center-padding="90px" data-element="main" role="complementary"><div class="block-top-wrapper"><h2 class="block-title">You May Also Be Interested In...</h2><div class="widget-navigation"></div></div><div class="products-grid products wrapper"><ol class="product-items"> <li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-management-for-landscape-professionals" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-24973-6749022579e97"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_3898.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_3898.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_3898.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Photo: PA Department of Agriculture"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-249736749022579e97 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-249736749022579e97 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-249736749022579e97 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <strong class="product-item-name"><a title="Spotted Lanternfly Management for Landscape Professionals" href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-management-for-landscape-professionals" class="product-item-link">Spotted Lanternfly Management for Landscape Professionals</a></strong> <div class="product-short-description">A guide that reviews the identification, life cycle, and techniques for managing SLF. While it can cause significant damage to plants, it is a nuisance pest in the ornamental and landscape industries.</div></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/highbush-blueberry-production" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-3421-674902257a6a2"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/a/2ad987f99af5a40d1058d065321f49f6_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/a/2ad987f99af5a40d1058d065321f49f6_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/a/2ad987f99af5a40d1058d065321f49f6_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Blueberries"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3421674902257a6a2 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3421674902257a6a2 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3421674902257a6a2 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <strong class="product-item-name"><a title="Highbush Blueberry Production" href="https://extension.psu.edu/highbush-blueberry-production" class="product-item-link">Highbush Blueberry Production</a></strong> <div class="product-short-description">Blueberries are well suited for small-scale and part-time farm operations.</div></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-fruit-production-guide" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-5856-674902257ae69"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/0/b0abfcf5c80e10ef2ba8306cebc59a19_2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/0/b0abfcf5c80e10ef2ba8306cebc59a19_2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/0/b0abfcf5c80e10ef2ba8306cebc59a19_2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Tree Fruit Production Guide"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-5856674902257ae69 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-5856674902257ae69 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-5856674902257ae69 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="808"></span> Guides and Publications</div> <strong class="product-item-name"><a title="Tree Fruit Production Guide" href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-fruit-production-guide" class="product-item-link">Tree Fruit Production Guide</a></strong> <div class="product-short-description">Get the most up-to-date information on growing tree fruit on a commercial scale. Revised information and a refreshed look for 2024.</div></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pesticidas-y-la-salud-de-los-polinizadores" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2503-674902257b616"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/5/d568adf064f8fcdff9af2de650e4a10e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/5/d568adf064f8fcdff9af2de650e4a10e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/5/d568adf064f8fcdff9af2de650e4a10e.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Pesticidas y la Salud de los Polinizadores"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2503674902257b616 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2503674902257b616 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2503674902257b616 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <strong class="product-item-name"><a title="Pesticidas y la Salud de los Polinizadores" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pesticidas-y-la-salud-de-los-polinizadores" class="product-item-link">Pesticidas y la Salud de los Polinizadores</a></strong> <div class="product-short-description">Penn State está a la vanguardia en asuntos relacionados con la salud de los polinizadores.</div></div></div></li> </ol></div></div></div><div class="category-bottom-content"> </div><div class="before-page-footer"> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><style>#html-body [data-pb-style=CQ5NAO3],#html-body [data-pb-style=D3ELT41]{background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll}#html-body [data-pb-style=CQ5NAO3]{justify-content:center;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-color:#1e407c;min-height:536px;margin:0}#html-body [data-pb-style=D3ELT41]{align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=RCHY4CL]{display:flex;width:100%}#html-body [data-pb-style=GF82VQ0],#html-body [data-pb-style=O3VUDHB]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;margin:0;align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=O3VUDHB]{justify-content:flex-start;width:8.33333%;padding:0}#html-body [data-pb-style=GF82VQ0]{justify-content:center;width:16.6667%}#html-body [data-pb-style=XKM3MSJ]{text-align:center}#html-body [data-pb-style=GW11250],#html-body [data-pb-style=V9ASYYW],#html-body [data-pb-style=WOL6F34]{justify-content:flex-start;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;width:8.33333%;margin:0;padding:0;align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=GW11250],#html-body [data-pb-style=V9ASYYW]{width:58.3333%}#html-body [data-pb-style=GW11250]{width:8.33333%}</style><div class="newsletter-subscription noprint" data-content-type="row" data-appearance="full-width" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="main" data-pb-style="CQ5NAO3"><div class="row-full-width-inner" data-element="inner"><div class="pagebuilder-column-group" data-background-images="{}" data-content-type="column-group" data-appearance="default" data-grid-size="12" data-element="main" data-pb-style="D3ELT41"><div class="pagebuilder-column-line" data-content-type="column-line" data-element="main" data-pb-style="RCHY4CL"><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="O3VUDHB"></div><div class="pagebuilder-column left-block" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="GF82VQ0"><div class="icon-wrapper" data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-pb-style="XKM3MSJ" data-decoded="true"><span class="white-box-empty top"></span> <span class="white-box-empty middle"></span> <span class="white-box-empty bottom"></span> <div class="item span-3 white-box"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="88.5" height="74" viewBox="0 0 88.5 74"> <path id="icon-newsletter" d="M11,74A11.013,11.013,0,0,1,0,63V42A11.013,11.013,0,0,1,11,31h5V11A11.013,11.013,0,0,1,27,0H77.5a11.013,11.013,0,0,1,11,11V61a13,13,0,0,1-13,13ZM21.9,11V63a10.952,10.952,0,0,1-1.2,5H75.5a7,7,0,0,0,7-7V11a5,5,0,0,0-5-5H26.9A5.005,5.005,0,0,0,21.9,11ZM6,42V63a5,5,0,1,0,10,0V37H11A5.005,5.005,0,0,0,6,42ZM31.7,58.5a3,3,0,0,1,0-6h41a3,3,0,0,1,0,6Zm0-12a3,3,0,0,1,0-6h41a3,3,0,0,1,0,6Zm27-13a3,3,0,1,1,0-6h14a3,3,0,1,1,0,6Zm-27,0a3,3,0,0,1-3-3v-15a3,3,0,0,1,3-3h16a3,3,0,0,1,3,3v15a3,3,0,0,1-3,3Zm3-6h10v-9h-10Zm24-6a3,3,0,0,1,0-6h14a3,3,0,0,1,0,6Z" fill="#fff"/> </svg> </div> </div></div><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="WOL6F34"></div><div class="pagebuilder-column right-block" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="V9ASYYW"><h3 class="c-white" data-content-type="heading" data-appearance="default" data-element="main">Personalize your experience with Penn State Extension and stay informed of the latest in agriculture.</h3><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"> <div class="block newsletter"><div class="title"><strong>Newsletter</strong></div><div class="content"><form class="form subscribe" novalidate action="https://extension.psu.edu/psunewsletter/" method="post" data-mage-init='{"validation": {"errorClass": "mage-error"}}' id="newsletter-validate-detail"><div class="field newsletter"><div class="control"><label for="newsletter"><span class="label">Sign Up for Our Newsletter:</span> <input name="email" type="email" id="newsletter" placeholder="Email Address" data-mage-init='{"mage/trim-input":{}}' data-validate="{required:true, 'validate-email':true}"></label></div></div><div class="actions"><button class="action subscribe primary" title="Subscribe" type="submit" aria-label="Subscribe"><span>Subscribe</span></button></div></form></div></div></div></div><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="GW11250"></div></div></div></div></div><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"></div><div data-content-type="block" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"></div></div></div><footer class="page-footer"><div class="footer content"><style>#html-body [data-pb-style=KBJ5VVO]{display:flex;flex-direction:column}#html-body [data-pb-style=ENYB8NY],#html-body [data-pb-style=V43QAK3]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-self:stretch}</style><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="contained" data-element="main"><div class="footer-content-wrapper-top" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="inner" data-pb-style="KBJ5VVO"><div class="pagebuilder-column-group" style="display: flex;" data-content-type="column-group" data-grid-size="12" data-element="main"><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="ENYB8NY"><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><style>#html-body [data-pb-style=SLRCHBD]{display:flex;flex-direction:column}#html-body [data-pb-style=GHXYB4F]{border-style:none}#html-body [data-pb-style=IKX9TVW],#html-body [data-pb-style=TNNDPMW]{max-width:100%;height:auto}@media only screen and (max-width: 768px) { #html-body [data-pb-style=GHXYB4F]{border-style:none} }</style><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="contained" data-element="main"><div class="left-links" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="inner" data-pb-style="SLRCHBD"><figure class="logo" data-content-type="image" data-appearance="full-width" data-element="main" data-pb-style="GHXYB4F"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/home" target="" data-link-type="page" title="" data-element="link"><img class="pagebuilder-mobile-hidden" loading="lazy" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/wysiwyg/logo.png" alt="Penn State Extension Logo" title="" data-element="desktop_image" data-pb-style="TNNDPMW"><img class="pagebuilder-mobile-only" loading="lazy" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/wysiwyg/logo.png" alt="Penn State Extension Logo" title="" data-element="mobile_image" data-pb-style="IKX9TVW"></a></figure><div class="address" data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><p><a tabindex="0" href="https://agsci.psu.edu/">College of Agricultural Sciences</a></p> <p>The Pennsylvania State University</p> <p>323 Agricultural Administration Building</p> <p>University Park, PA 16802</p></div><div class="social-icons" data-content-type="social-icons" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><ul class="social-icons-list" data-role="content"><li class="social-icons-link-container" data-content-type="social-icons-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="social-icons-link icon-pagebuilder-social-icons-item--facebook" rel="noopener" href="https://www.facebook.com/pennstextension/" target="_blank" data-link-type="default" data-platform="icon-pagebuilder-social-icons-item--facebook" data-element="link"><i aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="social-icons-link-text visually-hidden" data-element="link_text">Penn State Extension on Facebook</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-link-container" data-content-type="social-icons-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="social-icons-link icon-pagebuilder-social-icons-item--linkedin" rel="noopener" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/penn-state-extension/" target="_blank" data-link-type="default" data-platform="icon-pagebuilder-social-icons-item--linkedin" data-element="link"><i aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="social-icons-link-text visually-hidden" data-element="link_text">Penn State Extension on LinkedIn</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-link-container" data-content-type="social-icons-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="social-icons-link icon-pagebuilder-social-icons-item--twitter" rel="noopener" href="https://twitter.com/psuextension" target="_blank" data-link-type="default" data-platform="icon-pagebuilder-social-icons-item--twitter" data-element="link"><i aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="social-icons-link-text visually-hidden" data-element="link_text">Penn State Extension on Twitter</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-link-container" data-content-type="social-icons-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="social-icons-link icon-pagebuilder-social-icons-item--youtube" rel="noopener" href="https://www.youtube.com/@psuextension" target="_blank" data-link-type="default" data-platform="icon-pagebuilder-social-icons-item--youtube" data-element="link"><i aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="social-icons-link-text visually-hidden" data-element="link_text">Penn State Extension on YouTube</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-link-container" data-content-type="social-icons-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="social-icons-link icon-pagebuilder-social-icons-item--instagram" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/psuextension/" target="" data-link-type="default" data-platform="icon-pagebuilder-social-icons-item--instagram" data-element="link"><i aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="social-icons-link-text visually-hidden" data-element="link_text">Instagram</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div> </div></div><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="V43QAK3"><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><style>#html-body [data-pb-style=Q9USLLX]{display:flex;flex-direction:column}#html-body [data-pb-style=BU4TPXL],#html-body [data-pb-style=S18W17C],#html-body [data-pb-style=TGSV88B]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-self:stretch}</style><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="contained" data-element="main"><div class="footer-right-links" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="inner" data-pb-style="Q9USLLX"><div class="pagebuilder-column-group" style="display: flex;" data-content-type="column-group" data-grid-size="12" data-element="main"><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="S18W17C"><div class="mobile-accordion" data-content-type="mobile-accordion" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><div data-role="collapsible"><button type="button" tabindex="0" class="mobile-accordion-title" data-role="trigger" data-element="title">About Extension </button><ul class="mobile-accordion-list" data-role="content" aria-hidden="true"><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="/about-us" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">About</span></a></li><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="/directory/leadership" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Leadership</span></a></li><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="/careers" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Careers</span></a></li><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="https://extension.psu.edu/education-format/news" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Extension News</span></a></li><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="/press" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Press</span></a></li><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="/county-offices" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">County Offices</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="TGSV88B"><div class="mobile-accordion" data-content-type="mobile-accordion" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><div data-role="collapsible"><button type="button" tabindex="0" class="mobile-accordion-title" data-role="trigger" data-element="title"> Customer Service </button><ul class="mobile-accordion-list" data-role="content" aria-hidden="true"><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="/help" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Help Center</span></a></li><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="/customer/account/forgotpassword/" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Login Problems</span></a></li><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="/psunewsletter/manage/preferences/" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Manage Email Preferences</span></a></li><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="/contact-us" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Contact Us</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="BU4TPXL"><div class="mobile-accordion" data-content-type="mobile-accordion" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><div data-role="collapsible"><button type="button" tabindex="0" class="mobile-accordion-title" data-role="trigger" data-element="title">Other Programs </button><ul class="mobile-accordion-list" data-role="content" aria-hidden="true"><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="https://extension.psu.edu/programs/4-h" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Pennsylvania 4-H</span></a></li><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="https://extension.psu.edu/programs/betterkidcare" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Better Kid Care</span></a></li><li class="mobile-accordion-link-container" data-content-type="mobile-accordion-item" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><a class="mobile-accordion-link" rel="noopener" href="https://extension.psu.edu/programs/master-gardener" target="" data-link-type="default" data-element="link"><span class="mobile-accordion-link-text" data-element="link_text">Master Gardeners</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> </div></div></div></div></div> </div><div class="footer-content-bottom-wrapper"><style>#html-body [data-pb-style=D6X0N24]{display:flex;flex-direction:column}#html-body [data-pb-style=YHOIUAI]{background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=GP2M1S2]{display:flex;width:100%}#html-body [data-pb-style=BHWRHGS]{justify-content:flex-start;background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-attachment:scroll;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}#html-body [data-pb-style=AJB4OSM],#html-body [data-pb-style=BHWRHGS]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=JJKAIWQ]{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}#html-body [data-pb-style=YDN3I4Q]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=DDQB13B]{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}#html-body [data-pb-style=IEYD1QK]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=XM94QN6]{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}#html-body [data-pb-style=W5JTDIU]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=OJVX2PY]{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}</style><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="contained" data-element="main"><div class="footer-bottom" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="inner" data-pb-style="D6X0N24"><div class="pagebuilder-column-group" data-background-images="{}" data-content-type="column-group" data-appearance="default" data-grid-size="12" data-element="main" data-pb-style="YHOIUAI"><div class="pagebuilder-column-line" data-content-type="column-line" data-element="main" data-pb-style="GP2M1S2"><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="BHWRHGS"><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><p id="NQ8JQGD" style="text-align: center;"><a tabindex="0" href="/youth-safety-information">Youth Safety</a></p></div></div><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="AJB4OSM"><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-pb-style="JJKAIWQ"><p id="NQ8JQGD" style="text-align: center;"><a tabindex="0" title="Privacy and Legal Statements" href="https://www.psu.edu/legal-statements/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Privacy and Legal Statements</a></p></div></div><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="YDN3I4Q"><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-pb-style="DDQB13B"><p id="NQ8JQGD" style="text-align: center;"><a title="Veterinary Advice Statement" href="/veterinary-advice-statement">Veterinary Advice Statement</a></p></div></div><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="IEYD1QK"><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-pb-style="XM94QN6"><p id="NQ8JQGD" style="text-align: center;"><a tabindex="0" title="Accessibility" href="https://agsci.psu.edu/accessibility" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Accessibility</a></p></div></div><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="W5JTDIU"><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-pb-style="OJVX2PY"><p id="NQ8JQGD" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;"><a href="https://www.psu.edu/copyright-information" target="_blank" rel="noopener">© 2024 The Pennsylvania State University</a></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></footer> <div class="social-login block-container" id="email_modal"><div class="modal-title" data-role="title">Email address is required to login</div><div class="block"><div class="block-content"><form class="email-form" id="sociallogin_form_email" data-mage-init='{"validation":{}}'><fieldset class="fieldset" data-hasrequired="* Required Fields"><div class="field note">Please enter your email address below to create account.</div><div class="field email required"><label for="email_address" class="label"><span>Email</span></label> <div class="control"><input type="email" name="real-email" alt="email" id="real_email_address" class="input-text sl-input-email" data-validate="{required:true, 'validate-email':true}"/><input type="hidden" name="redirect-url" value="" /></div></div></fieldset><div class="actions-toolbar sl-submit-email"><div class="primary"><button type="button" id="sociallogin_send_email" class="action send primary"><span>Sign In</span></button></div></div></form></div></div></div> <div class="b2b-modal fade iwdsr-customers-list-modal" id="iwdsr-customers-list-modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"><div class="b2b-modal-dialog"><div class="b2b-modal-content"><div class="b2b-modal-body"><a class="close" data-dismiss="modal"><i class="fa fa-times customer-close" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <div class="iwdsr-customers-list-wrap"></div></div><div class="b2b-modal-footer"></div></div></div></div> </div> <script> var LOCALE = 'en\u002DUS'; var BASE_URL = 'https\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002F'; var require = { 'baseUrl': 'https\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002Fstatic\u002Fversion1732516387\u002Ffrontend\u002FBlueAcorn\u002Fsite\u002Fen_US' };</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://extension.psu.edu/static/version1732516387/_cache/merged/8821109f4250ed822d10a05d610e691c.min.js"></script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "Magento_PageCache/js/form-key-provider": { "isPaginationCacheEnabled": 0 } } }</script> <script>//<![CDATA[ try{smileTracker.setConfig({beaconUrl:'https://extension.psu.edu/elasticsuite/tracker/hit/image/h.png',telemetryUrl:'https://t.elasticsuite.io/track',telemetryEnabled:'',sessionConfig:{"visit_cookie_name":"STUID","visit_cookie_lifetime":"3600","visitor_cookie_lifetime":"365","visitor_cookie_name":"STVID","domain":"extension.psu.edu","path":"\/"},});smileTracker.addPageVar('store_id','2');require(['Smile_ElasticsuiteTracker/js/user-consent'],function(userConsent){if(userConsent({"cookieRestrictionEnabled":"0","cookieRestrictionName":"user_allowed_save_cookie"})){smileTracker.sendTag();}});}catch(err){;} //]]> </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebSite","url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/"}</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@id":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops","name":"Forage and Food Crops"},"position":1},{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@id":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit","name":"Fruit"},"position":2},{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@id":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases","name":"Pests and Diseases"},"position":3}]}</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"WebPage","url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases","mainEntity":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"OfferCatalog","name":"Pests and Diseases","url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases","numberOfItems":25,"itemListElement":[]},"speakable":{"@type":"SpeakableSpecification","cssSelector":[".category-description"],"xpath":["\/html\/head\/title"]}}</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "Magento_PageBuilder/js/widget-initializer": { "config": {"[data-content-type=\"slider\"][data-appearance=\"default\"]":{"Magento_PageBuilder\/js\/content-type\/slider\/appearance\/default\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"map\"]":{"Magento_PageBuilder\/js\/content-type\/map\/appearance\/default\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"row\"]":{"Magento_PageBuilder\/js\/content-type\/row\/appearance\/default\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"tabs\"]":{"Magento_PageBuilder\/js\/content-type\/tabs\/appearance\/default\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"slide\"]":{"Magento_PageBuilder\/js\/content-type\/slide\/appearance\/default\/widget":{"buttonSelector":".pagebuilder-slide-button","showOverlay":"hover","dataRole":"slide"}},"[data-content-type=\"banner\"]":{"Magento_PageBuilder\/js\/content-type\/banner\/appearance\/default\/widget":{"buttonSelector":".pagebuilder-banner-button","showOverlay":"hover","dataRole":"banner"}},"[data-content-type=\"buttons\"]":{"Magento_PageBuilder\/js\/content-type\/buttons\/appearance\/inline\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"products\"][data-appearance=\"carousel\"]":{"Magento_PageBuilder\/js\/content-type\/products\/appearance\/carousel\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"products\"][data-appearance=\"carousel-with-stage\"]":{"BlueAcorn_PageBuilderContent\/js\/content-type\/products\/appearance\/carousel-with-stage\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"products\"][data-appearance=\"featured-product\"]":{"BlueAcorn_PageBuilderContent\/js\/content-type\/products\/appearance\/featured-product\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"mobile-accordion\"]":{"BlueAcorn_PageBuilderContent\/js\/content-type\/mobile-accordion\/appearance\/default\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"content-slider\"]":{"BlueAcorn_PageBuilderContent\/js\/content-type\/content-slider\/appearance\/default\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"video\"]":{"BlueAcorn_PageBuilderContent\/js\/content-type\/video\/appearance\/default\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"collapsible\"]":{"BlueAcorn_PageBuilderContent\/js\/content-type\/collapsible\/appearance\/default\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"blueacorn-tabs\"]":{"BlueAcorn_PageBuilderContent\/js\/content-type\/blueacorn-tabs\/appearance\/default\/widget":false},"[data-content-type=\"accordion\"]":{"BlueAcorn_PageBuilderContent\/js\/content-type\/accordion\/appearance\/default\/widget":false}}, "breakpoints": {"desktop":{"label":"Desktop","stage":true,"default":true,"class":"desktop-switcher","icon":"Magento_PageBuilder::css\/images\/switcher\/switcher-desktop.svg","conditions":{"min-width":"1024px"},"options":{"products":{"default":{"slidesToShow":"4"}}}},"tablet":{"conditions":{"max-width":"1024px","min-width":"768px"},"options":{"products":{"default":{"slidesToShow":"3"},"continuous":{"slidesToShow":"3"}}}},"mobile":{"label":"Mobile","stage":true,"class":"mobile-switcher","icon":"Magento_PageBuilder::css\/images\/switcher\/switcher-mobile.svg","media":"only screen and (max-width: 768px)","conditions":{"max-width":"767px","min-width":"640px"},"options":{"products":{"default":{"slidesToShow":"2"}}}},"mobile-small":{"conditions":{"max-width":"640px"},"options":{"products":{"default":{"slidesToShow":"1"},"continuous":{"slidesToShow":"1"}}}}} } } }</script> <script type="text/javascript">document.querySelector("#cookie-status").style.display = "none";</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "cookieStatus": {} } }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "mage/cookies": { "expires": null, "path": "\u002F", "domain": ".extension.psu.edu", "secure": true, "lifetime": "3600" } } }</script> <script> window.cookiesConfig = window.cookiesConfig || {}; window.cookiesConfig.secure = true; </script> <script> require.config({ map: { '*': { wysiwygAdapter: 'mage/adminhtml/wysiwyg/tiny_mce/tinymce5Adapter' } } });</script> <script> require.config({ paths: { googleMaps: 'https\u003A\u002F\u002Fmaps.googleapis.com\u002Fmaps\u002Fapi\u002Fjs\u003Fv\u003D3.53\u0026key\u003DAIzaSyBr3fDDBIOigo7Cz8V0ikGhRRHw3wNlPO8' }, config: { 'Magento_PageBuilder/js/utils/map': { style: '', }, 'Magento_PageBuilder/js/content-type/map/preview': { apiKey: 'AIzaSyBr3fDDBIOigo7Cz8V0ikGhRRHw3wNlPO8', apiKeyErrorMessage: 'You\u0020must\u0020provide\u0020a\u0020valid\u0020\u003Ca\u0020href\u003D\u0027https\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002Fadminhtml\u002Fsystem_config\u002Fedit\u002Fsection\u002Fcms\u002F\u0023cms_pagebuilder\u0027\u0020target\u003D\u0027_blank\u0027\u003EGoogle\u0020Maps\u0020API\u0020key\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u0020to\u0020use\u0020a\u0020map.' }, 'Magento_PageBuilder/js/form/element/map': { apiKey: 'AIzaSyBr3fDDBIOigo7Cz8V0ikGhRRHw3wNlPO8', apiKeyErrorMessage: 'You\u0020must\u0020provide\u0020a\u0020valid\u0020\u003Ca\u0020href\u003D\u0027https\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002Fadminhtml\u002Fsystem_config\u002Fedit\u002Fsection\u002Fcms\u002F\u0023cms_pagebuilder\u0027\u0020target\u003D\u0027_blank\u0027\u003EGoogle\u0020Maps\u0020API\u0020key\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u0020to\u0020use\u0020a\u0020map.' }, } });</script> <script> require.config({ shim: { 'Magento_PageBuilder/js/utils/map': { deps: ['googleMaps'] } } });</script> <script> window.skipModules = ["customer\/account","sociallogin\/account"]; window.queryParam = 'sociallogin_referer_store'; window.isSlGuestCheckoutEnabled = "0"; require(['slReferer']);</script> <script> require([ 'jquery' ], function ($) { var width = $("body").width(); if (width > 1023) { $("nav.main-menu").click(function(){ if($(".main-menu__item--parent.level0:hover").length == 0){ if($("nav.main-menu").is(":visible")) { $('.action.nav-toggle').trigger('click'); } } }); } });</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "Magento_Ui/js/core/app": { "components": { "customHeaderComponent": { "component": "Magento_Customer/js/view/custom-header-account" } } } } }</script> <script>window.checkout = {"shoppingCartUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/checkout\/cart\/","checkoutUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/checkout\/","updateItemQtyUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/checkout\/sidebar\/updateItemQty\/","removeItemUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/checkout\/sidebar\/removeItem\/","imageTemplate":"Magento_Catalog\/product\/image_with_borders","baseUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/","minicartMaxItemsVisible":5,"websiteId":"2","maxItemsToDisplay":10,"storeId":"2","storeGroupId":"2","saml":{"enabled":false,"forced":false,"linktext":"Login via Identity Provider"},"captcha":{"user_login":{"isCaseSensitive":false,"imageHeight":50,"imageSrc":"","refreshUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/captcha\/refresh\/","isRequired":false,"timestamp":1732837925}}}</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "[data-block='minicart']": { "Magento_Ui/js/core/app": {"components":{"minicart_content":{"children":{"subtotal.container":{"children":{"subtotal":{"children":{"subtotal.totals":{"config":{"display_cart_subtotal_incl_tax":0,"display_cart_subtotal_excl_tax":1,"template":"Magento_Tax\/checkout\/minicart\/subtotal\/totals"},"component":"Magento_Tax\/js\/view\/checkout\/minicart\/subtotal\/totals","children":{"subtotal.totals.msrp":{"component":"Magento_Msrp\/js\/view\/checkout\/minicart\/subtotal\/totals","config":{"displayArea":"minicart-subtotal-hidden","template":"Magento_Msrp\/checkout\/minicart\/subtotal\/totals"}}}}},"component":"uiComponent","config":{"template":"Magento_Checkout\/minicart\/subtotal"}}},"component":"uiComponent","config":{"displayArea":"subtotalContainer"}},"item.renderer":{"component":"Magento_Checkout\/js\/view\/cart-item-renderer","config":{"displayArea":"defaultRenderer","template":"Magento_Checkout\/minicart\/item\/default"},"children":{"item.image":{"component":"Magento_Catalog\/js\/view\/image","config":{"template":"Magento_Catalog\/product\/image","displayArea":"itemImage"}},"checkout.cart.item.price.sidebar":{"component":"uiComponent","config":{"template":"Magento_Checkout\/minicart\/item\/price","displayArea":"priceSidebar"}}}},"extra_info":{"component":"uiComponent","config":{"displayArea":"extraInfo"}},"promotion":{"component":"uiComponent","config":{"displayArea":"promotion"}}},"config":{"itemRenderer":{"default":"defaultRenderer","simple":"defaultRenderer","virtual":"defaultRenderer"},"template":"Magento_Checkout\/minicart\/slide-content","is_auto_open":true},"component":"Magento_Checkout\/js\/view\/minicart"}},"types":[]} }, "*": { "Magento_Ui/js/block-loader": "https\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002Fstatic\u002Fversion1732516387\u002Ffrontend\u002FBlueAcorn\u002Fsite\u002Fen_US\u002Fimages\u002Floader\u002D1.gif" } }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "Magento_Ui/js/core/app": { "components": { "messages": { "component": "Magento_Theme/js/view/messages" } } } } }</script> <script type="text/javascript"> $readMoreJS.init({ target: '.category-description', numOfWords: 30, toggle: true, moreLink: 'Read more', lessLink: 'Read less' });</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> {"*" : {"Magento_Ui/js/core/app": {"components": {"education_formatFilter": {"component":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCatalog\/js\/attribute-filter","maxSize":10,"displayProductCount":true,"hasMoreItems":false,"displayRelNofollow":"","ajaxLoadUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/catalog\/navigation_filter\/ajax\/id\/219\/?cat=219&filterName=education_format","items":[{"label":"Articles","count":168,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?education_format=Articles","is_selected":null},{"label":"News","count":22,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?education_format=News","is_selected":null},{"label":"Workshops","count":4,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?education_format=Workshops","is_selected":null},{"label":"Online Courses","count":3,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?education_format=Online+Courses","is_selected":null},{"label":"Videos","count":3,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?education_format=Videos","is_selected":null},{"label":"Guides and Publications","count":2,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?education_format=Guides+and+Publications","is_selected":null},{"label":"Tools and Apps","count":1,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?education_format=Tools+and+Apps","is_selected":null},{"label":"Webinars","count":1,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?education_format=Webinars","is_selected":null}]}}}}}</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> {"*" : {"Magento_Ui/js/core/app": {"components": {"languageFilter": {"component":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCatalog\/js\/attribute-filter","maxSize":10,"displayProductCount":true,"hasMoreItems":false,"displayRelNofollow":"","ajaxLoadUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/catalog\/navigation_filter\/ajax\/id\/219\/?cat=219&filterName=language","items":[{"label":"English","count":197,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?language=English","is_selected":null},{"label":"Spanish","count":7,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?language=Spanish","is_selected":null}]}}}}}</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> {"*" : {"Magento_Ui/js/core/app": {"components": {"home_or_commercialFilter": {"component":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCatalog\/js\/attribute-filter","maxSize":10,"displayProductCount":true,"hasMoreItems":false,"displayRelNofollow":"","ajaxLoadUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/catalog\/navigation_filter\/ajax\/id\/219\/?cat=219&filterName=home_or_commercial","items":[{"label":"Commercial","count":180,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?home_or_commercial=Commercial","is_selected":null},{"label":"Home","count":7,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?home_or_commercial=Home","is_selected":null},{"label":"Classroom","count":1,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?home_or_commercial=Classroom","is_selected":null}]}}}}}</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> {"*" : {"Magento_Ui/js/core/app": {"components": {"fruitFilter": {"component":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCatalog\/js\/attribute-filter","maxSize":10,"displayProductCount":true,"hasMoreItems":true,"displayRelNofollow":"","ajaxLoadUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/catalog\/navigation_filter\/ajax\/id\/219\/?cat=219&filterName=fruit","items":[{"label":"Apples","count":79,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?fruit=Apples","is_selected":null},{"label":"Apricots","count":27,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?fruit=Apricots","is_selected":null},{"label":"Blackberries","count":6,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?fruit=Blackberries","is_selected":null},{"label":"Blueberries","count":14,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?fruit=Blueberries","is_selected":null},{"label":"Brambles","count":10,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?fruit=Brambles","is_selected":null},{"label":"Cherries","count":40,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?fruit=Cherries","is_selected":null},{"label":"Currants","count":3,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?fruit=Currants","is_selected":null},{"label":"Gooseberries","count":3,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?fruit=Gooseberries","is_selected":null},{"label":"Grapes","count":6,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?fruit=Grapes","is_selected":null},{"label":"Nectarines","count":38,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?fruit=Nectarines","is_selected":null}]}}}}}</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> {"*" : {"Magento_Ui/js/core/app": {"components": {"authorsFilter": {"component":"Smile_ElasticsuiteCatalog\/js\/attribute-filter","maxSize":10,"displayProductCount":true,"hasMoreItems":true,"displayRelNofollow":"","ajaxLoadUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/catalog\/navigation_filter\/ajax\/id\/219\/?cat=219&filterName=authors","items":[{"label":"Kari A. Peter, Ph.D.","count":65,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?authors=Kari+A.+Peter%2C+Ph.D.","is_selected":null},{"label":"Grzegorz (Greg) Krawczyk, Ph.D.","count":47,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?authors=Grzegorz+%28Greg%29+Krawczyk%2C+Ph.D.","is_selected":null},{"label":"Kathy Demchak","count":33,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?authors=Kathy+Demchak","is_selected":null},{"label":"Heather L Leach","count":10,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?authors=Heather+L+Leach","is_selected":null},{"label":"Emelie Swackhamer","count":7,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?authors=Emelie+Swackhamer","is_selected":null},{"label":"Dave Biddinger, Ph.D.","count":6,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?authors=Dave+Biddinger%2C+Ph.D.","is_selected":null},{"label":"Daniel Weber, Ph.D.","count":5,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?authors=Daniel+Weber%2C+Ph.D.","is_selected":null},{"label":"Amy Korman","count":4,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?authors=Amy+Korman","is_selected":null},{"label":"Jayson K. Harper, Ph.D.","count":3,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?authors=Jayson+K.+Harper%2C+Ph.D.","is_selected":null},{"label":"Sarah Wurzbacher","count":3,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases?authors=Sarah+Wurzbacher","is_selected":null}]}}}}}</script> <script> require([ 'jquery' ], function ($) { $(window).on('load', function() { $(".filter-options-item").each(function() { var $this = $(this); var $items = $this.find("li"); $($items).each(function(){ var $this2 = $(this); var $checkbox = $this2.find(".checkbox"); if($checkbox.is(":checked")) { $this.addClass("active-values"); return false; } }); }); }); });</script> <script> window.ajaxLogin = {"autocomplete":"off","customerRegisterUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/customer\/account\/create\/","customerForgotPasswordUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/customer\/account\/forgotpassword\/","baseUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/","customerLoginUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/customer\/ajax\/login\/"}; window.popupStyle = "popup"; window.isEnabled = 1;</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "#ajaxlogin-popup": { "Magento_Ui/js/core/app": {"components":{"ajaxLogin":{"component":"WeltPixel_SocialLogin\/js\/view\/ajaxlogin-popup","children":{"messages":{"component":"Magento_Ui\/js\/view\/messages","displayArea":"messages"},"recaptcha-login":{"component":"Magento_ReCaptchaFrontendUi\/js\/reCaptcha","displayArea":"additional-login-form-fields","reCaptchaId":"recaptcha-ajaxlogin-popup","settings":{"rendering":{"sitekey":"6LdBcwceAAAAAA7sZnEFiLzrQOFvEvVc-P5D2jA9","badge":"inline","size":"invisible","theme":"light","hl":""},"invisible":true}},"recaptcha-register":{"component":"Magento_ReCaptchaFrontendUi\/js\/reCaptcha","displayArea":"additional-register-form-fields","reCaptchaId":"recaptcha-ajaxregister-popup","settings":{"rendering":{"sitekey":"6LdBcwceAAAAAA7sZnEFiLzrQOFvEvVc-P5D2jA9","badge":"inline","size":"invisible","theme":"light","hl":""},"invisible":true}}}},"authenticationPopup":{"children":{"recaptcha":{"settings":{"rendering":{"sitekey":"6LdBcwceAAAAAA7sZnEFiLzrQOFvEvVc-P5D2jA9","badge":"inline","size":"invisible","theme":"light","hl":""},"invisible":true}}}}}} } }</script> <script>window.authenticationPopup = {"autocomplete":"off","customerRegisterUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/customer\/account\/create\/","customerForgotPasswordUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/customer\/account\/forgotpassword\/","baseUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/","customerLoginUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/customer\/ajax\/login\/"}</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "#authenticationPopup": { "Magento_Ui/js/core/app": {"components":{"authenticationPopup":{"component":"WeltPixel_SocialLogin\/js\/view\/authentication-popup","children":{"messages":{"component":"Magento_Ui\/js\/view\/messages","displayArea":"messages"},"captcha":{"component":"Magento_Captcha\/js\/view\/checkout\/loginCaptcha","displayArea":"additional-login-form-fields","formId":"user_login","configSource":"checkout"},"recaptcha":{"component":"Magento_ReCaptchaFrontendUi\/js\/reCaptcha","displayArea":"additional-login-form-fields","reCaptchaId":"recaptcha-popup-login","settings":{"rendering":{"sitekey":"6LdBcwceAAAAAA7sZnEFiLzrQOFvEvVc-P5D2jA9","badge":"inline","size":"invisible","theme":"light","hl":""},"invisible":true}},"saml_sso":{"component":"Pitbulk_SAML2\/js\/view\/checkout\/samlLoginLink","displayArea":"before","formId":"user_login","configSource":"checkout"}}},"ajaxLogin":{"children":{"recaptcha-login":{"settings":{"rendering":{"sitekey":"6LdBcwceAAAAAA7sZnEFiLzrQOFvEvVc-P5D2jA9","badge":"inline","size":"invisible","theme":"light","hl":""},"invisible":true}},"recaptcha-register":{"settings":{"rendering":{"sitekey":"6LdBcwceAAAAAA7sZnEFiLzrQOFvEvVc-P5D2jA9","badge":"inline","size":"invisible","theme":"light","hl":""},"invisible":true}}}}}} }, "*": { "Magento_Ui/js/block-loader": "https\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002Fstatic\u002Fversion1732516387\u002Ffrontend\u002FBlueAcorn\u002Fsite\u002Fen_US\u002Fimages\u002Floader\u002D1.gif" } }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "Magento_Customer/js/section-config": { "sections": {"stores\/store\/switch":["*"],"stores\/store\/switchrequest":["*"],"directory\/currency\/switch":["*"],"*":["messages","company"],"customer\/account\/logout":["*","recently_viewed_product","recently_compared_product","persistent"],"customer\/account\/loginpost":["*"],"customer\/account\/createpost":["*"],"customer\/account\/editpost":["*"],"customer\/ajax\/login":["checkout-data","cart","captcha"],"catalog\/product_compare\/add":["compare-products","wp_ga4"],"catalog\/product_compare\/remove":["compare-products"],"catalog\/product_compare\/clear":["compare-products"],"sales\/guest\/reorder":["cart"],"sales\/order\/reorder":["cart"],"rest\/v1\/requisition_lists":["requisition"],"requisition_list\/requisition\/delete":["requisition"],"requisition_list\/item\/addtocart":["cart"],"checkout\/cart\/add":["cart","directory-data","wp_ga4"],"checkout\/cart\/delete":["cart","wp_ga4"],"checkout\/cart\/updatepost":["cart","wp_ga4"],"checkout\/cart\/updateitemoptions":["cart","wp_ga4"],"checkout\/cart\/couponpost":["cart"],"checkout\/cart\/estimatepost":["cart"],"checkout\/cart\/estimateupdatepost":["cart"],"checkout\/onepage\/saveorder":["cart","checkout-data","last-ordered-items"],"checkout\/sidebar\/removeitem":["cart","wp_ga4"],"checkout\/sidebar\/updateitemqty":["cart","wp_ga4"],"rest\/*\/v1\/carts\/*\/payment-information":["cart","last-ordered-items","captcha","instant-purchase","wp_ga4"],"rest\/*\/v1\/guest-carts\/*\/payment-information":["cart","captcha","wp_ga4"],"rest\/*\/v1\/guest-carts\/*\/selected-payment-method":["cart","checkout-data"],"rest\/*\/v1\/carts\/*\/selected-payment-method":["cart","checkout-data","instant-purchase"],"wishlist\/index\/add":["wishlist","wp_ga4"],"wishlist\/index\/remove":["wishlist"],"wishlist\/index\/updateitemoptions":["wishlist"],"wishlist\/index\/update":["wishlist"],"wishlist\/index\/cart":["wishlist","cart","wp_ga4"],"wishlist\/index\/fromcart":["wishlist","cart"],"wishlist\/index\/allcart":["wishlist","cart","wp_ga4"],"wishlist\/shared\/allcart":["wishlist","cart"],"wishlist\/shared\/cart":["cart"],"customer_order\/cart\/updatefaileditemoptions":["cart"],"checkout\/cart\/updatefaileditemoptions":["cart"],"customer_order\/cart\/advancedadd":["cart"],"checkout\/cart\/advancedadd":["cart"],"checkout\/cart\/removeallfailed":["cart"],"checkout\/cart\/removefailed":["cart"],"customer_order\/cart\/addfaileditems":["cart"],"checkout\/cart\/addfaileditems":["cart"],"customer_order\/sku\/uploadfile":["cart"],"giftregistry\/index\/cart":["cart"],"giftregistry\/view\/addtocart":["cart"],"customer\/address\/*":["instant-purchase"],"customer\/account\/*":["instant-purchase"],"vault\/cards\/deleteaction":["instant-purchase"],"multishipping\/checkout\/overviewpost":["cart"],"wishlist\/index\/copyitem":["wishlist"],"wishlist\/index\/copyitems":["wishlist"],"wishlist\/index\/deletewishlist":["wishlist","multiplewishlist"],"wishlist\/index\/createwishlist":["multiplewishlist"],"wishlist\/index\/editwishlist":["multiplewishlist"],"wishlist\/index\/moveitem":["wishlist"],"wishlist\/index\/moveitems":["wishlist"],"wishlist\/search\/addtocart":["cart","wishlist"],"paypal\/express\/placeorder":["cart","checkout-data"],"paypal\/payflowexpress\/placeorder":["cart","checkout-data"],"paypal\/express\/onauthorization":["cart","checkout-data"],"rest\/*\/v1\/carts\/*\/po-payment-information":["cart","checkout-data","last-ordered-items"],"purchaseorder\/purchaseorder\/success":["cart","checkout-data","last-ordered-items"],"persistent\/index\/unsetcookie":["persistent"],"quickorder\/sku\/uploadfile\/":["cart"],"review\/product\/post":["review"],"paymentservicespaypal\/smartbuttons\/placeorder":["cart","checkout-data"],"paymentservicespaypal\/smartbuttons\/cancel":["cart","checkout-data"],"sso\/saml2\/login":["*"],"sso\/saml2\/acs":["*"],"sociallogin\/account\/login":["*"],"sociallogin\/account\/loginpost":["*"],"braintree\/paypal\/placeorder":["cart","checkout-data"],"braintree\/googlepay\/placeorder":["cart","checkout-data"],"checkout\/cart\/configure":["wp_ga4"],"rest\/*\/v1\/guest-carts\/*\/shipping-information":["wp_ga4"],"rest\/*\/v1\/carts\/*\/shipping-information":["wp_ga4"]}, "clientSideSections": ["checkout-data","cart-data","BLUE_ACORN_SEARCH_LOCATION"], "baseUrls": ["https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/"], "sectionNames": ["messages","customer","compare-products","last-ordered-items","requisition","cart","directory-data","captcha","wishlist","company","company_authorization","negotiable_quote","instant-purchase","loggedAsCustomer","multiplewishlist","purchase_order","persistent","review","payments","wp_ga4","recently_viewed_product","recently_compared_product","product_data_storage","paypal-billing-agreement"] } } }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "Magento_Customer/js/customer-data": { "sectionLoadUrl": "https\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002Fcustomer\u002Fsection\u002Fload\u002F", "expirableSectionLifetime": 60, "expirableSectionNames": ["cart","persistent"], "cookieLifeTime": "3600", "cookieDomain": "extension.psu.edu", "updateSessionUrl": "https\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002Fcustomer\u002Faccount\u002FupdateSession\u002F", "isLoggedIn": "" } } }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "Magento_Customer/js/invalidation-processor": { "invalidationRules": { "website-rule": { "Magento_Customer/js/invalidation-rules/website-rule": { "scopeConfig": { "websiteId": "2" } } } } } } }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "body": { "pageCache": {"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/page_cache\/block\/render\/id\/219\/","handles":["default","catalog_category_view","catalog_category_view_type_layered","catalog_category_view_type_layered_without_children","catalog_category_view_displaymode_products","catalog_category_view_id_219","ajaxlogin_customer_signed_out","catalog_category_view_level_4"],"originalRequest":{"route":"catalog","controller":"category","action":"view","uri":"\/forage-and-food-crops\/fruit\/pests-and-diseases"},"versionCookieName":"private_content_version"} } }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "body": { "addToWishlist": {"productType":["simple","virtual","bundle","downloadable","giftcard","configurable","grouped"]} } }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-5442-67490225680bf"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-5442-67490225680bf span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-66427-6749022568763"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-66427-6749022568763 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-66337-6749022569d24"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-66337-6749022569d24 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-65597-674902256a321"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-65597-674902256a321 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-65233-674902256a8db"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-65233-674902256a8db span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-65230-674902256af11"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-65230-674902256af11 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-64333-674902256b4ce"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-64333-674902256b4ce span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-36467-674902256ba97"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-36467-674902256ba97 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-63796-674902256c04f"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-63796-674902256c04f span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-63217-674902256c62b"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-63217-674902256c62b span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-63103-674902256cd96"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-63103-674902256cd96 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-2719-674902256d376"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-2719-674902256d376 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-62244-674902256d995"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-62244-674902256d995 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-2738-674902256dfa2"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-2738-674902256dfa2 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-3275-674902256e572"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-3275-674902256e572 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-2755-674902256eb17"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-2755-674902256eb17 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-2263-674902256f0ec"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-2263-674902256f0ec span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-2734-674902256f696"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-2734-674902256f696 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-3278-674902256fc73"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-3278-674902256fc73 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-3010-6749022570244"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-3010-6749022570244 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-24973-674902257081d"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-24973-674902257081d span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-61933-6749022570e38"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-61933-6749022570e38 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-61909-674902257141a"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-61909-674902257141a span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-34675-67490225719d0"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-34675-67490225719d0 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-61777-6749022571f8e"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-61777-6749022571f8e span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "[data-role=tocart-form], .form.map.checkout": { "catalogAddToCart": { "product_sku": "NWS\u002D4520" } } }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "body": { "requireCookie": {"noCookieUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/cookie\/index\/noCookies\/","triggers":[".action.towishlist"],"isRedirectCmsPage":true} } }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-24973-6749022579e97"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-24973-6749022579e97 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-3421-674902257a6a2"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-3421-674902257a6a2 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-5856-674902257ae69"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-5856-674902257ae69 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/javascript">prodImageContainers = document.querySelectorAll(".product-image-container-2503-674902257b616"); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainers.length; i++) { prodImageContainers[i].style.width = "676px"; } prodImageContainersWrappers = document.querySelectorAll( ".product-image-container-2503-674902257b616 span.product-image-wrapper" ); for (var i = 0; i < prodImageContainersWrappers.length; i++) { prodImageContainersWrappers[i].style.paddingBottom = "66.272189349112%"; }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "Magento_Customer/js/block-submit-on-send": { "formId": "newsletter-validate-detail" } } }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "Magento_Ui/js/core/app": { "components": { "storage-manager": { "component": "Magento_Catalog/js/storage-manager", "appendTo": "", "storagesConfiguration" : {"recently_viewed_product":{"requestConfig":{"syncUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/catalog\/product\/frontend_action_synchronize\/"},"lifetime":"1000","allowToSendRequest":null},"recently_compared_product":{"requestConfig":{"syncUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/catalog\/product\/frontend_action_synchronize\/"},"lifetime":"1000","allowToSendRequest":null},"product_data_storage":{"updateRequestConfig":{"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/rest\/extensions\/V1\/products-render-info"},"requestConfig":{"syncUrl":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/catalog\/product\/frontend_action_synchronize\/"},"allowToSendRequest":null}} } } } } }</script> <script type="text/javascript">window.socialloginButtons = '\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u003Cdiv\u0020class\u003D\u0022sociallogin\u002Dwrapper\u0020block\u002Dcustomer\u002Dlogin\u0020login\u002Dcontainer\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv\u0020class\u003D\u0022block\u0020sociallogin\u002Dblock\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv\u0020class\u003D\u0022sociallogin\u002Dblock\u002Dtitle\u0020block\u002Dtitle\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u0020role\u003D\u0022heading\u0022\u0020aria\u002Dlevel\u003D\u00222\u0022\u003ESign\u0020In\u0020with\u0020Social\u0020Profile\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv\u0020class\u003D\u0022sociallogin\u002Dpadding\u0022\u003E\u0020\u003Cdiv\u0020class\u003D\u0022sociallogin\u002Dbox\u0022\u003E\u003Ca\u0020class\u003D\u0022sociallogin\u002Dbutton\u0020button\u002Dgoogle\u0022\u0020rel\u003D\u0022nofollow\u0022\u0020href\u003D\u0022javascri'+'pt\u003Avoid\u00280\u0029\u003B\u0022\u0020data\u002Dhref\u003D\u0022https\u003A\u002F\u002Faccounts.google.com\u002Fo\u002Foauth2\u002Fv2\u002Fauth\u003Fscope\u003Demail\u002Bprofile\u002Bhttps\u00253A\u00252F\u00252Fwww.googleapis.com\u00252Fauth\u00252Fuserinfo.email\u002Bhttps\u00253A\u00252F\u00252Fwww.googleapis.com\u00252Fauth\u00252Fuserinfo.profile\u002Bopenid\u0026access_type\u003Doffline\u0026include_granted_scopes\u003Dtrue\u0026state\u003Dstate_parameter_passthrough_value\u0026client_id\u003D245363440107\u002Dm0ebl7d59vvmacjoen5t8sn21ghrov1c.apps.googleusercontent.com\u0026redirect_uri\u003Dhttps\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002Fsociallogin\u002Faccount\u002Flogin\u002Ftype\u002Fgoogle\u002F\u0026response_type\u003Dcode\u0022\u0020\u003E\u003Cspan\u0020class\u003D\u0022sociallogin\u002Dicon\u0020sl\u002Dgoogle\u0022\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u0020\u003Cdiv\u0020class\u003D\u0022sociallogin\u002Dbox\u0022\u003E\u003Ca\u0020class\u003D\u0022sociallogin\u002Dbutton\u0020button\u002Dtwitter\u0022\u0020rel\u003D\u0022nofollow\u0022\u0020href\u003D\u0022javascri'+'pt\u003Avoid\u00280\u0029\u003B\u0022\u0020data\u002Dhref\u003D\u0022\u0022\u0020\u003E\u003Cspan\u0020class\u003D\u0022sociallogin\u002Dicon\u0020sl\u002Dtwitter\u0022\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003Cscri'+'pt\u003E\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020if\u0020\u0028window.socialloginButtons\u0029\u0020\u007B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020window.emailFormUrl\u0020\u003D\u0020\u0022https\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002Fsociallogin\u002Faccount\u002Femail\u002F\u0022\u003B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020window.twitterOauthUrl\u0020\u003D\u0020\u0022https\u003A\u002F\u002Fextension.psu.edu\u002Fsociallogin\u002Fajax\u002Ftwitteroauth\u002F\u0022\u003B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020window.cartPageAccordionState\u0020\u003D\u0020\u0022\u0022\u003B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020window.isCustomer\u0020\u003D\u0020\u0022\u0022\u003B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020window.isSlCustomPopupUsed\u0020\u003D\u0020\u00221\u0022\u003B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020require\u0028\u005B\u0027sociallogin\u0027\u005D,\u0020function\u0028\u0029\u007B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020sl.socialLoginClick\u0028\u0029\u003B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020sl.slWidgetInit\u0028\u00272\u0027\u0029\u003B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020sl.sendEmailClick\u0028\u0029\u003B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020sl.emailPopUp\u0028\u0029\u003B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u007D\u0029\u003B\u000A\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u0020\u007D\u003C\u002Fscri'+'pt\u003E';</script> <script>try { smileTracker.addPageVar('type.identifier', 'catalog_category_view'); smileTracker.addPageVar('type.label', 'Catalog Category'); smileTracker.addPageVar('locale', 'en_US'); } catch (err) { ; }</script> <script>try { smileTracker.addPageVar('category.id', '219'); smileTracker.addPageVar('category.label', 'Pests and Diseases'); smileTracker.addPageVar('category.path', '1/43/169/215/219'); smileTracker.addPageVar('category.breadcrumb', 'Forage and Food Crops|Fruit'); smileTracker.addPageVar('product_list.page_count', '9'); smileTracker.addPageVar('product_list.product_count', '206'); smileTracker.addPageVar('product_list.current_page', '1'); smileTracker.addPageVar('product_list.sort_order', 'publish_date'); smileTracker.addPageVar('product_list.sort_direction', 'desc'); smileTracker.addPageVar('product_list.display_mode', 'list'); } catch (err) { ; }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> { "*": { "stickyHeader": {} } }</script> <script type="text/x-magento-init"> {"*": {"Magento_Catalog/js/productCustom": {}}}</script> <script nonce="ZXR3dGcycjg4cmY0ZzloenVpZ2tqNGJpZjk1eDhjOW4=" > window.ga4ParentVsChild = 'parent'; window.ga4VariantEnabled = '0'; require(['jquery','weltpixel_ga4_persistentLayer','weltpixel_ga4_gtm', 'Magento_Customer/js/customer-data'], function ($, wpGa4PersDl ,wpGa4gtm, customerData) { if (window.ga4AllowServices) { $(document).ajaxComplete(function (event, xhr, settings) { if (settings.url.search('/customer\/section\/load/') > 0) { var response = xhr.responseJSON; if (response.wp_ga4) { var dataLayerData = $.parseJSON(response.wp_ga4.datalayer); for (index in dataLayerData) { window.dataLayer.push({ecommerce: null}); window.dataLayer.push(dataLayerData[index]); } } } }); var wpPersDlOptions = {'storageExpiryTime': 30 }; var wpGtmOptions = { 'enabled': 0, 'persDataLayer': wpGa4PersDl }; wpGa4PersDl.init(wpPersDlOptions); wpGa4gtm.trackPromotion(wpGtmOptions); } });</script> </body></html>