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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlauchwaage" title="Schlauchwaage – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schlauchwaage" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%BF" title="Αλφαδολάστιχο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλφαδολάστιχο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivel_de_agua_(dispositivo)" title="Nivel de agua (dispositivo) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nivel de agua (dispositivo)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niveau_%C3%A0_eau" title="Niveau à eau – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Niveau à eau" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2_(%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF)" title="जलतल (युक्ति) – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जलतल (युक्ति)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1" title="שטיכמוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שטיכמוס" 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class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Schlauchwaage_Schematik.svg/220px-Schlauchwaage_Schematik.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Schlauchwaage_Schematik.svg/330px-Schlauchwaage_Schematik.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Schlauchwaage_Schematik.svg/440px-Schlauchwaage_Schematik.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1057" data-file-height="740" /></a><figcaption>A water level device showing both ends at the same height</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>water level</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Aλφαδολάστιχο or (υδροστάθμη)</span> <i>[Alfadolasticho]</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Siphon" title="Siphon">siphon</a> utilizing two or more parts of the <a href="/wiki/Liquid_water" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid water">liquid water</a> surface to establish a local <a href="/wiki/Horizontal_and_vertical" class="mw-redirect" title="Horizontal and vertical">horizontal</a> <a href="/wiki/Datum_reference" title="Datum reference">line or plane of reference</a>. It is used to determine the apparent <a href="/wiki/Grade_(slope)" title="Grade (slope)">inclination</a> of an object or surface and for matching <a href="/wiki/Water_level" title="Water level">water level</a> <a href="/wiki/Elevation" title="Elevation">elevations</a> at locations that are too far apart for a <a href="/wiki/Spirit_level" title="Spirit level">spirit level</a> to span. </p><p>The simplest water level is a section of clear tubing, partially filled with water. Water is easily procured for use, and easily discarded after use. The ends are held vertical, and the rest of the tubing lies on the ground or floor. The water level at each end of the tube will be at the same elevation, whether the two ends are adjacent or far apart, so a line between them will be horizontal at its midpoint and a shed base, building foundation or similar structure laid out using several such lines will be "horizontal" within building tolerances on any scale over which use of a water level is practicable.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Water levels have been used for many years. The water level is <a href="/wiki/Low_technology" title="Low technology">lower-tech</a> than the <a href="/wiki/Laser_level" title="Laser level">laser level</a>, but it can be more accurate over long distances, and works without a <a href="/wiki/Sightline" class="mw-redirect" title="Sightline">sightline</a>, such as around corners. To avoid error, all of the water should be at the same temperature. Other sources of <a href="/wiki/Error" title="Error">error</a> include difficulty reading due to <a href="/wiki/Meniscus_(liquid)" title="Meniscus (liquid)">meniscus</a>. </p><p>If the water level is used often, <a href="/wiki/Dye" title="Dye">dye</a> can be added to the water to make it easier to see. If the water level is used outdoors in winter, <a href="/wiki/Antifreeze" title="Antifreeze">antifreeze</a> can be added to the water. Automotive window washer fluid can also be used for antifreeze and increased visibility. Additionally it inhibits the formation of error-causing bubbles. A <a href="/wiki/Surfactant" title="Surfactant">surfactant</a> (surface active agent), such as hand-<a href="/wiki/Dishwashing_liquid" title="Dishwashing liquid">dishwashing liquid</a> <a href="/wiki/Detergent" title="Detergent">detergent</a>, can be added to the water to significantly lower the <a href="/wiki/Surface_tension" title="Surface tension">surface tension</a> of the water. This liquid solution will flow more easily and more rapidly in the tube than plain water, so operation of the device will be more precise, repeatable, and responsive – particularly when using a small-diameter tube. Also, this liquid solution can be emptied from a small-diameter tube more easily than plain water. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Geodesy" title="Geodesy">geodesy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Surveying" title="Surveying">surveying</a>, the use of a water level device extended over long distances (sometimes, kilometers) is termed <i><b>hydrostatic levelling</b></i>, after the principles of <a href="/wiki/Hydrostatic_equilibrium" title="Hydrostatic equilibrium">hydrostatic equilibrium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Levelling" title="Levelling">levelling</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kahmen_Faig_2012_p._560_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kahmen_Faig_2012_p._560-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Water_level_(device)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communicating_vessels" title="Communicating vessels">Communicating vessels</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Water_level_(device)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStoddard2007" class="citation web cs1">Stoddard, Joe (September 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deckmagazine.com/products/tools-equipment/making-and-using-a-water-level_o">"Making and Using a Water Level"</a>. <i>Professional Deck Builder</i>. <a href="/wiki/Hanley_Wood" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanley Wood">Hanley Wood</a> Media.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Professional+Deck+Builder&rft.atitle=Making+and+Using+a+Water+Level&rft.date=2007-09-01&rft.aulast=Stoddard&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deckmagazine.com%2Fproducts%2Ftools-equipment%2Fmaking-and-using-a-water-level_o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWater+level+%28device%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kahmen_Faig_2012_p._560-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kahmen_Faig_2012_p._560_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahmenFaig2012" class="citation book cs1">Kahmen, H.; Faig, W. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7nMiAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA560"><i>Surveying</i></a>. De Gruyter. p. 560. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-084571-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-084571-6"><bdi>978-3-11-084571-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Surveying&rft.pages=560&rft.pub=De+Gruyter&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-3-11-084571-6&rft.aulast=Kahmen&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.au=Faig%2C+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7nMiAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA560&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWater+level+%28device%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Water_level_(device)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/level">Merriam Webster Dictionary Definition of level (Entry 3 of 3): conforming to the curvature of the liquid parts of the earth's surface</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070814135337/http://www.diyinfo.org/wiki/How_To_Build_A_Simple_But_Effective_Water_Level">How to Build a Simple but Effective Water Level</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Water_level_(device)&oldid=1254492375">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Water_level_(device)&oldid=1254492375</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Construction_equipment" title="Category:Construction equipment">Construction equipment</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Construction_surveying" title="Category:Construction surveying">Construction surveying</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Inclinometers" title="Category:Inclinometers">Inclinometers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vertical_position" title="Category:Vertical position">Vertical position</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Greek-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Greek-language text">Articles containing Greek-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 31 October 2024, at 07:04<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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