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class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hoofkieslys</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hoofkieslys</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" title="Besoek die Tuisblad [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Tuisblad</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gebruikersportaal" title="Meer oor die projek, wat jy kan doen, nuttige skakels"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geselshoekie" title="Agtergrondinligting oor aktuele sake"><span>Geselshoekie</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings" title="'n Lys van onlangse wysigings [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Onlangse wysigings</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Lukraak" title="Laai 'n lukrake bladsye [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lukrake bladsy</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Vind meer uit oor iets"><span>Hulp</span></a></li><li id="n-Sandput" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sandput"><span>Sandput</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Kersfees" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Kersfees" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Kersfees" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Kersfees" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Bybelse_grondslag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bybelse_grondslag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Bybelse grondslag</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bybelse_grondslag-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Bybelse grondslag subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bybelse_grondslag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Die_Kersverhaal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Die_Kersverhaal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Die Kersverhaal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Die_Kersverhaal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Die_drie_wyse_manne_en_die_"Ster_van_Bethlehem"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Die_drie_wyse_manne_en_die_"Ster_van_Bethlehem""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Die drie wyse manne en die "Ster van Bethlehem"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Die_drie_wyse_manne_en_die_"Ster_van_Bethlehem"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gedenkdatums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gedenkdatums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Gedenkdatums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gedenkdatums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geskiedkundige_ontwikkeling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geskiedkundige_ontwikkeling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geskiedkundige ontwikkeling</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geskiedkundige_ontwikkeling-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Geskiedkundige ontwikkeling subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geskiedkundige_ontwikkeling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Protestantse_Hervorming_en_Kersfeestradisies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protestantse_Hervorming_en_Kersfeestradisies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Protestantse Hervorming en Kersfeestradisies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protestantse_Hervorming_en_Kersfeestradisies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gebruike_en_vieringe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gebruike_en_vieringe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gebruike en vieringe</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gebruike_en_vieringe-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Gebruike en vieringe subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gebruike_en_vieringe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sekulêre_gebruike" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sekulêre_gebruike"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Sekulêre gebruike</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sekulêre_gebruike-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kersvader_en_ander_geskenkbringers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kersvader_en_ander_geskenkbringers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Kersvader en ander geskenkbringers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kersvader_en_ander_geskenkbringers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tyd_vir_geskenke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tyd_vir_geskenke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Tyd vir geskenke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tyd_vir_geskenke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kerskaartjies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kerskaartjies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Kerskaartjies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kerskaartjies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Versierings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versierings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4</span> <span>Versierings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Versierings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sosiale_aspekte_en_vermaak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sosiale_aspekte_en_vermaak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.5</span> <span>Sosiale aspekte en vermaak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sosiale_aspekte_en_vermaak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Godsdienstige_gebruike_en_vieringe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Godsdienstige_gebruike_en_vieringe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Godsdienstige gebruike en vieringe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Godsdienstige_gebruike_en_vieringe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sien_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sien_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sien ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sien_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bronne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kersfees</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 230 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-230" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">230 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D1%8C%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%B3%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Қьырса ныҳәа – Abkasies" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Қьырса ныҳәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkasies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8D" title="Хъуромэ – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Хъуромэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weihnachten" title="Weihnachten – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Weihnachten" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%88%E1%8A%93" title="ገና – Amharies" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ገና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korismas" title="Korismas – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Korismas" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadal" title="Nadal – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Nadal" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C4%ABstesm%C3%A6sse" title="Crīstesmæsse – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Crīstesmæsse" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="عيد الميلاد – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عيد الميلاد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A5%DC%90%DC%95%DC%90_%DC%95%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%AC_%DC%9D%DC%A0%DC%95%DC%90" title="ܥܐܕܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܝܠܕܐ – Aramees" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܥܐܕܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܝܠܕܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="عيد الميلاد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عيد الميلاد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="বৰদিন – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বৰদিন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navid%C3%A1" title="Navidá – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Navidá" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D3%80_%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="МасихӀ гьави – Avaries" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="МасихӀ гьави" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8" title="क्रिसमस – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="क्रिसमस" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milad" title="Milad – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Milad" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="میلاد بایرامی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="میلاد بایرامی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Раштыуа – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Раштыуа" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahina_Natal" title="Rahina Natal – Balinees" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Rahina Natal" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weihnochtn" title="Weihnochtn – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Weihnochtn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliedas" title="Kaliedas – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kaliedas" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal" title="Natal – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Natal" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasko" title="Pasko – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pasko" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нараджэнне Хрыстова – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нараджэнне Хрыстова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Божае Нараджэньне – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Божае Нараджэньне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal" title="Natal – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Natal" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Рождество Христово – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Рождество Христово" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8" title="क्रिसमस – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="क्रिसमस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal" title="Natal – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Natal" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%99%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="ခရိစ်သမတ် – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ခရိစ်သမတ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="বড়দিন – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বড়দিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%81%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཡེ་ཤུའི་འཁྲུངས་སྐར། – Tibettaans" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཡེ་ཤུའི་འཁྲུངས་སྐར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibettaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedeleg" title="Nedeleg – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Nedeleg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Božić – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Božić" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Рождество – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Рождество" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadal" title="Nadal – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nadal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascua" title="Pascua – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Pascua" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9ng-d%C3%A1ng-c%C3%A1ik" title="Séng-dáng-cáik – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Séng-dáng-cáik" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Ӏийса пайхамар вина де – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏийса пайхамар вина де" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasko" title="Pasko – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pasko" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabidat" title="Nabidat – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Nabidat" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%B2%E1%8E%AF%E1%8E%B2" title="ᏓᏂᏍᏓᏲᎯᎲ – Cherokees" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏓᏂᏍᏓᏲᎯᎲ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B3" title="کریسمس – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کریسمس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natale" title="Natale – Korsikaans" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Natale" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1noce" title="Vánoce – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vánoce" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B2d%C3%AB" title="Gòdë – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Gòdë" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%C4%95" title="Христос Раштавĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Христос Раштавĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadolig" title="Nadolig – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Nadolig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jul" title="Jul – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jul" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weihnachten" title="Weihnachten – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Weihnachten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%AFthmath" title="Krïthmath – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Krïthmath" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga%C4%9Fand" title="Gağand – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Gağand" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krismas" title="Krismas – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Krismas" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Χριστούγεννα – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χριστούγεννα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nad%C3%AAl" title="Nadêl – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Nadêl" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Christmas" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristnasko" title="Kristnasko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kristnasko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navidad" title="Navidad – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Navidad" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B5ulud" title="Jõulud – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jõulud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eguberria" title="Eguberria – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eguberria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navi%C3%A1" title="Naviá – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Naviá" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B3" title="کریسمس – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کریسمس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joulu" title="Joulu – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Joulu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirisimasi" title="Kirisimasi – Fidjiaans" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kirisimasi" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fidjiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3l" title="Jól – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Jól" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nata_xw%C3%A9" title="Nata xwé – Fon" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Nata xwé" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="Fon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/No%C3%ABl" title="Noël – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Noël" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalendes" title="Chalendes – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Chalendes" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCl" title="Jül – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Jül" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nad%C3%A2l" title="Nadâl – Friuliaans" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Nadâl" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryst" title="Kryst – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kryst" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Nollaig" title="An Nollaig – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Nollaig" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nw%C3%A8l" title="Nwèl – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Nwèl" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nollaig" title="Nollaig – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Nollaig" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadal" title="Nadal – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nadal" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arare%C3%B1%C3%B3i" title="Arareñói – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Arareñói" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal" title="Natal – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Natal" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B2" title="નાતાલ – Goedjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="નાતાલ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Goedjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B9nwh%E1%BA%B9_Jijizan_Jesu_Klisti_T%E1%BB%8Dn" title="Hùnwhẹ Jijizan Jesu Klisti Tọn – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Hùnwhẹ Jijizan Jesu Klisti Tọn" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nollick" title="Nollick – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Nollick" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirsimeti" title="Kirsimeti – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kirsimeti" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%B9%B3n-tan-chiet" title="Sṳn-tan-chiet – Hakka-Sjinees" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sṳn-tan-chiet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalikimaka" title="Kalikimaka – Hawais" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kalikimaka" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%92_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93" title="חג המולד – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חג המולד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8" title="क्रिसमस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्रिसमस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Božić – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Božić" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hody" title="Hody – Oppersorbies" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Hody" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Oppersorbies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nw%C3%A8l" title="Nwèl – Haïtiaans" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Nwèl" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar%C3%A1csony" title="Karácsony – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Karácsony" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A2_%D5%AE%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A4" title="Սուրբ ծնունդ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուրբ ծնունդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A2_%D4%BE%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A4" title="Սուրբ Ծնունդ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սուրբ Ծնունդ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal" title="Natal – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Natal" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krismas" title="Krismas – Ibanees" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Krismas" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Ibanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal" title="Natal – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Natal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crist-nascentie" title="Crist-nascentie – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Crist-nascentie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraisima%C4%A1vik" title="Kraisimaġvik – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Kraisimaġvik" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paskua" title="Paskua – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Paskua" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristonasko" title="Kristonasko – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kristonasko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3l" title="Jól – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jól" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natale" title="Natale – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Natale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B9" title="クリスマス – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クリスマス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal" title="Natal – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Natal" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ქრისტეს შობა – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქრისტეს შობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talalit_(Nuwel)" title="Talalit (Nuwel) – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Talalit (Nuwel)" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8D" title="Хъуромэ – Kabardiaans" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Хъуромэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisi%CC%B1mat" title="Kisi̱mat – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Kisi̱mat" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nowele" title="Nowele – Kongolees" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Nowele" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongolees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thik%C5%A9_ya_g%C5%A9k%C5%A9%C4%A9ra_g%C5%A9ciarwo_kwa_Njec%C5%A9_(chrismas)" title="Thikũ ya gũkũĩra gũciarwo kwa Njecũ (chrismas) – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Thikũ ya gũkũĩra gũciarwo kwa Njecũ (chrismas)" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Рождество – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Рождество" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%9B" title="បុណ្យណូអែល – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="បុណ្យណូអែល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕ್ರಿಸ್ಮಸ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕ್ರಿಸ್ಮಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4" title="크리스마스 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크리스마스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%95%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8E%D8%B3" title="کٕرسمَس – Kasjmirs" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="کٕرسمَس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmirs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weihnachte" title="Weihnachte – Keuls" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Weihnachte" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Keuls" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaxand" title="Gaxand – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gaxand" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D3%A7%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D3%A7%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Кристослӧн Рӧштвоыс – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Кристослӧн Рӧштвоыс" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dies_Natalis_Christi" title="Dies Natalis Christi – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Dies Natalis Christi" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navidad" title="Navidad – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Navidad" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chr%C3%ABschtdag" title="Chrëschtdag – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Chrëschtdag" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мавлуд Эсал – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Мавлуд Эсал" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal" title="Natal – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Natal" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaersjmes" title="Kaersjmes – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kaersjmes" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadel" title="Nadel – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Nadel" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedal" title="Nedal – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Nedal" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyenga_ya_Mb%C3%B3tama" title="Eyenga ya Mbótama – Lingaals" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Eyenga ya Mbótama" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A2%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B9" title="ບຸນປະສູດພະເຢຊູ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ບຸນປະສູດພະເຢຊູ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kal%C4%97dos" title="Kalėdos – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kalėdos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%ABmyssv%C4%81tki" title="Zīmyssvātki – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Zīmyssvātki" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziemassv%C4%93tki" title="Ziemassvētki – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ziemassvētki" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8" title="क्रिसमस – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="क्रिसमस" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Роштува – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Роштува" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noely" title="Noely – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Noely" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirihimete" title="Kirihimete – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kirihimete" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%9C" title="Божиќ – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Божиќ" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ക്രിസ്തുമസ് – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്രിസ്തുമസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%81" title="ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯃꯥꯁ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯃꯥꯁ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="ခရေတ်သမာတ် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ခရေတ်သမာတ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3" title="नाताळ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नाताळ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BB" title="Шартял – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Шартял" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krismas" title="Krismas – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Krismas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milied" title="Milied – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Milied" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%85%E1%80%B9%E1%80%85%E1%80%99%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="ခရစ္စမတ် – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ခရစ္စမတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B3" title="کریسمس – Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کریسمس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlacatilizilhuitl" title="Tlacatilizilhuitl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tlacatilizilhuitl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natale" title="Natale – Neapolitaans" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Natale" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiehnacht" title="Wiehnacht – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Wiehnacht" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ACrsttied" title="Kìrsttied – Nedersaksies" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kìrsttied" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8" title="क्रिसमस – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="क्रिसमस" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanunu_Fandru" title="Fanunu Fandru – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Fanunu Fandru" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerstmis" title="Kerstmis – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kerstmis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jul" title="Jul – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Jul" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jul" title="Jul – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jul" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yule" title="Yule – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Yule" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nr mw-list-item"><a href="https://nr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikrismesi" title="Ikrismesi – Suid-Ndebele" lang="nr" hreflang="nr" data-title="Ikrismesi" data-language-autonym="IsiNdebele seSewula" data-language-local-name="Suid-Ndebele" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiNdebele seSewula</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nou%C3%A9%27" title="Noué' – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Noué'" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadal" title="Nadal – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nadal" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8" title="ବଡ଼ଦିନ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବଡ଼ଦିନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81" title="Цыппурс – Osseties" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Цыппурс" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Osseties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8" title="ਕ੍ਰਿਸਮਸ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕ੍ਰਿਸਮਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasco" title="Pasco – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Pasco" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/No%C3%ABl" title="Noël – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Noël" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grischtdaag" title="Grischtdaag – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Grischtdaag" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weihnachten" title="Weihnachten – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Weihnachten" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kresmes" title="Kresmes – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kresmes" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C5%BCe_Narodzenie" title="Boże Narodzenie – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Boże Narodzenie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B3" title="کرسمس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کرسمس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal" title="Natal – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Natal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/kulisimas" title="kulisimas – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="kulisimas" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawirat" title="Nawirat – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Nawirat" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadel" title="Nadel – Reto-Romaans" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Nadel" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Romaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristuno" title="Kristuno – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Kristuno" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noheli" title="Noheli – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Noheli" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C4%83ciun" title="Crăciun – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Crăciun" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%A2ciunu" title="Crâciunu – Aromanies" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Crâciunu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Рождество Христово – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рождество Христово" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Різдво Хрістове – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Різдво Хрістове" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noheli" title="Noheli – Rwandees" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Noheli" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Rwandees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D" title="क्रिस्मस् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="क्रिस्मस्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D2%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Ороһуоспа – Sakhaans" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ороһуоспа" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakhaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9D_%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B8" title="ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ – Santalies" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natali" title="Natali – Sisiliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Natali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisiliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Christmas" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B3" title="ڪرسمس – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪرسمس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juovllat" title="Juovllat – Noord-Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Juovllat" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Noord-Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Božić – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Božić" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BD" title="නත්තල – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නත්තල" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Christmas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vianoce" title="Vianoce – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vianoce" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C5%BEi%C4%8D" title="Božič – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Božič" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerisimasi" title="Kerisimasi – Samoaans" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Kerisimasi" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juovlah" title="Juovlah – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Juovlah" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishtlindja" title="Krishtlindja – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Krishtlindja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%9B" title="Божић – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Божић" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wienoachten" title="Wienoachten – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Wienoachten" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jul" title="Jul – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jul" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krismasi" title="Krismasi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Krismasi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gody" title="Gody – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Gody" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="நத்தார் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நத்தார்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕ್ರಿಸ್ಮಸ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಕ್ರಿಸ್ಮಸ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="క్రిస్టమస్ – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="క్రిస్టమస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat%C3%A1l" title="Natál – Tetoem" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Natál" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetoem" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Крисмас – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Крисмас" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA" title="คริสต์มาส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คริสต์มาส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro_Christmasdestwo" title="Ro Christmasdestwo – Turkmeens" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ro Christmasdestwo" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasko" title="Pasko – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pasko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noel" title="Noel – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Noel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khisimusi" title="Khisimusi – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Khisimusi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Раштуа – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Раштуа" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D2%A3_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%BD%D2%AF" title="Иисус Христостуң төрүттүнген хүнү – Tuvinees" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Иисус Христостуң төрүттүнген хүнү" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Різдво Христове – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Різдво Христове" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B3" title="کرسمس – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کرسمس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mavlud" title="Mavlud – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mavlud" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadal" title="Nadal – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Nadal" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C5%A1tvad" title="Raštvad – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Raštvad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%85_Gi%C3%A1ng_sinh" title="Lễ Giáng sinh – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lễ Giáng sinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kestdag" title="Kestdag – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Kestdag" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kritidaz%C3%A4l" title="Kritidazäl – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kritidazäl" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noy%C3%A9" title="Noyé – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Noyé" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasko" title="Pasko – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pasko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nowel" title="Nowel – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Nowel" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%AF%9E" title="圣诞 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="圣诞" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94" title="ქირსე – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქირსე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9C" title="ניטל – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ניטל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Christmas" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciet_Swngdan" title="Ciet Swngdan – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ciet Swngdan" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kossemisse" title="Kossemisse – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Kossemisse" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%AF%9E%E8%8A%82" title="圣诞节 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="圣诞节" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%AA%95%E7%AF%80" title="聖誕節 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="聖誕節" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8ng-t%C3%A0n-cheh" title="Sèng-tàn-cheh – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sèng-tàn-cheh" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%AA%95%E7%AF%80" title="聖誕節 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="聖誕節" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKhisimusi" title="UKhisimusi – Zoeloe" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UKhisimusi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zoeloe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19809#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kersfees" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Kersfees" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&oldid=2692863" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Kersfees&id=2692863&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKersfees"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKersfees"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kersfees"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kersfees&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Christmas" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19809" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Countries_that_recognize_Christmas_as_a_Public_Holiday.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Countries_that_recognize_Christmas_as_a_Public_Holiday.svg/400px-Countries_that_recognize_Christmas_as_a_Public_Holiday.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Countries_that_recognize_Christmas_as_a_Public_Holiday.svg/600px-Countries_that_recognize_Christmas_as_a_Public_Holiday.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Countries_that_recognize_Christmas_as_a_Public_Holiday.svg/800px-Countries_that_recognize_Christmas_as_a_Public_Holiday.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="263" /></a><figcaption>Lande en <a href="/wiki/Lys_van_afhanklike_gebiede" title="Lys van afhanklike gebiede">afhanklike gebiede</a> waar Kersfees 'n openbare vakansiedag is, hetsy op 24/25 Desember of 6/7 Januarie. Die kleurskakering dui op die aantal vakansiedae</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Map_of_Countries_that_do_not_recognize_Christmas_as_Public_Holiday.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Map_of_Countries_that_do_not_recognize_Christmas_as_Public_Holiday.svg/400px-Map_of_Countries_that_do_not_recognize_Christmas_as_Public_Holiday.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Map_of_Countries_that_do_not_recognize_Christmas_as_Public_Holiday.svg/600px-Map_of_Countries_that_do_not_recognize_Christmas_as_Public_Holiday.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Map_of_Countries_that_do_not_recognize_Christmas_as_Public_Holiday.svg/800px-Map_of_Countries_that_do_not_recognize_Christmas_as_Public_Holiday.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption>Donkerbruin – lande wat Kersfees op 25 Desember of 7 Januarie nie as 'n openbare vakansiedag erken nie.<br /> Ligbruin – lande wat Kersfees nie as 'n openbare vakansiedag erken nie, maar sy viering toelaat.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Countries_based_on_gift_giving.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Countries_based_on_gift_giving.svg/400px-Countries_based_on_gift_giving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Countries_based_on_gift_giving.svg/600px-Countries_based_on_gift_giving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Countries_based_on_gift_giving.svg/800px-Countries_based_on_gift_giving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1134" /></a><figcaption>Lande volgens die gewone dag van geskenkopening: <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> <p style="border:none;background:none;color:inherit;text-align:left;font-size:90%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background-color:#9BC739;font-size:80%!important;vertical-align:middle;">  </span> 5 Desember</p> <p style="border:none;background:none;color:inherit;text-align:left;font-size:90%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background-color:#689A38;font-size:80%!important;vertical-align:middle;">  </span> 24 Desember</p> <p style="border:none;background:none;color:inherit;text-align:left;font-size:90%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background-color:#D99703;font-size:80%!important;vertical-align:middle;">  </span> Middernag tussen 24 en 25 Desember</p> <p style="border:none;background:none;color:inherit;text-align:left;font-size:90%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background-color:#D22828;font-size:80%!important;vertical-align:middle;">  </span> 25 Desember</p> <p style="border:none;background:none;color:inherit;text-align:left;font-size:90%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background-color:#895151;font-size:80%!important;vertical-align:middle;">  </span> 6 Januarie</p> <p style="border:none;background:none;color:inherit;text-align:left;font-size:90%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background-color:#D4BEA6;font-size:80%!important;vertical-align:middle;">  </span> 7 Januarie</p> <p style="border:none;background:none;color:inherit;text-align:left;font-size:90%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background-color:#4F4345;font-size:80%!important;vertical-align:middle;">  </span> Onwettig</p> <p style="border:none;background:none;color:inherit;text-align:left;font-size:90%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background-color:#E0E0E0;font-size:80%!important;vertical-align:middle;">  </span> Geen data nie</p> </div></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kersfees,</b> vanuit <i><b>Kerst</b></i>, 'n Middelnederlandse naam vir ‘<i><a href="/wiki/Christus" class="mw-redirect" title="Christus">Christus</a></i>’, en dus letterlik <i>Christusfees</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><i>,</i> is 'n tradisionele herdenkingsdag op die Christelike kalender wat plaasvind op die vyf-en-twintigste (en ses-en-twintigste) dag van <a href="/wiki/Desember" title="Desember">Desember</a> en vier die geboorte van <a href="/wiki/Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>. Die presiese datum van die geboorte van Jesus is nogtans 'n onderwerp van baie bespreking (sien die artikel oor Jesus). </p><p>Volgens die <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">Christelike</a> <a href="/wiki/Evangelie" title="Evangelie">evangelies</a> het die maagd <a href="/wiki/Maria" title="Maria">Maria</a> geboorte geskenk aan Jesus in <a href="/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem">Betlehem</a>, waarheen Maria en haar man <a href="/wiki/Josef" class="mw-redirect" title="Josef">Josef</a> gereis het om vir die <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Ryk" title="Romeinse Ryk">Romeinse</a> sensus te registreer. Sy geboorte het volgens sy volgelinge die profesie van <a href="/wiki/Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Judaïsme">Judaïsme</a> dat 'n <a href="/wiki/Messias" title="Messias">messias</a> uit die <a href="/wiki/Huis_van_Dawid" title="Huis van Dawid">Huis van Dawid</a> gebore sou word, vervul. </p><p>'n Enorme aantal gebruike met sekulêre, godsdienstige of nasionale inslag, word rondom Kersfees aangetref en wissel van land tot land. Die mees algemene tradisionele gebruike en simbole van kersfees soos die <a href="/wiki/Kersboom" title="Kersboom">kersboom</a>, en die gee van presente, is aangepas of oorgeneem deur Christelike sendelinge vanuit die vroeëre <a href="/wiki/Joelfees" title="Joelfees">Joelfees</a>, die viering van die <a href="/wiki/Midwinter" title="Midwinter">wintersonkeerpunt</a>. Joel was wydverspreid en gewild in noordelike Europa lank voor die aankoms van die Christendom. </p><p>Aangesien die gebruike van die Kersfees hoofsaaklik in Noordelike Europa ontwikkel het, word baie van die gebruike met die Noordelike Halfrond se winter geassosieer, waarvan die motiewe duidelik is in die versierings, asook in die Kersvader-mite. </p><p>Kersfees word ook wêreldwyd as 'n sekulêre vakansiedag gevier, insluitend lande met klein Christenbevolkings soos <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>. Hier is sekere Amerikaanse tradisies oorgeneem soos die stuur van Kersfeeskaartjies en die uitruil van geskenke.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bybelse_grondslag">Bybelse grondslag</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Bybelse grondslag" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Bybelse grondslag"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Die_Kersverhaal">Die Kersverhaal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Die Kersverhaal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Die Kersverhaal"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:K%C3%B6ln_Gr0%C3%9F_St.Martin_Krippe.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/K%C3%B6ln_Gr0%C3%9F_St.Martin_Krippe.JPG/220px-K%C3%B6ln_Gr0%C3%9F_St.Martin_Krippe.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/K%C3%B6ln_Gr0%C3%9F_St.Martin_Krippe.JPG/330px-K%C3%B6ln_Gr0%C3%9F_St.Martin_Krippe.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/K%C3%B6ln_Gr0%C3%9F_St.Martin_Krippe.JPG/440px-K%C3%B6ln_Gr0%C3%9F_St.Martin_Krippe.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Kersgroep in die Gross St. Martin-kerk te <a href="/wiki/Keulen" title="Keulen">Keulen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duitsland</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Albrecht_Altdorfer_-_The_Adoration_of_the_Magi_-_St%C3%A4del.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Albrecht_Altdorfer_-_The_Adoration_of_the_Magi_-_St%C3%A4del.jpg/220px-Albrecht_Altdorfer_-_The_Adoration_of_the_Magi_-_St%C3%A4del.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Albrecht_Altdorfer_-_The_Adoration_of_the_Magi_-_St%C3%A4del.jpg/330px-Albrecht_Altdorfer_-_The_Adoration_of_the_Magi_-_St%C3%A4del.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Albrecht_Altdorfer_-_The_Adoration_of_the_Magi_-_St%C3%A4del.jpg/440px-Albrecht_Altdorfer_-_The_Adoration_of_the_Magi_-_St%C3%A4del.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2536" data-file-height="3574" /></a><figcaption>Drie wyse manne besoek die Jesuskind op die twaalfde nag ná sy geboorte</figcaption></figure> <p>Die storie van Christus se geboorte is oorgelewer van geslag tot geslag deur die eeue heen en is hoofsaaklik gebaseer op die evangelies van <a href="/wiki/Evangelie_volgens_Matteus" title="Evangelie volgens Matteus">Matteus</a> en <a href="/wiki/Evangelie_volgens_Lukas" title="Evangelie volgens Lukas">Lukas</a>. Die evangelies van <a href="/wiki/Evangelie_volgens_Markus" title="Evangelie volgens Markus">Markus</a> en <a href="/wiki/Evangelie_volgens_Johannes" title="Evangelie volgens Johannes">Johannes</a> raak skaars aan die kindwees van Jesus en dié van Matteus en Lukas verskil effens. Lukas se evangelie word meer algemeen aanvaar en is die weergawe wat meer dikwels gelees word tydens Kersfeesdienste. </p><p>Volgens Lukas het Maria ontdek dat sy swanger was deur die ingryping van die Heilige Gees sonder dat sy ooit omgang gehad het. Kort daarna het sy en haar man Josef hul huis in <a href="/wiki/Nasaret" title="Nasaret">Nasaret</a> verlaat om na Josef se stamvaders se tuiste, Betlehem, te gaan. Hulle het gereis met die doel om in te skryf vir die sensus wat deur die Romeinse keiser, <a href="/wiki/Keiser_Augustus" class="mw-redirect" title="Keiser Augustus">Augustus</a>, beveel is. Ná hulle geen kamer by die herberge in die dorp kon vind nie, het hulle in 'n stal oorgeslaap. Daar het Maria geboorte gegee aan Jesus en lê hom neer in 'n krip. Christus se geboorte in Betlehem, die huis van Dawid waarvan Josef 'n afstammeling was, het volgens <a href="/wiki/Christene" title="Christene">Christene</a> dan die profesie van Isak vervul. In Matteus se weergawe van gebeure was die gesin oorspronklik van Betlehem en is Jesus gebore in 'n meer beskutte omgewing voordat die gesin na <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> gevlug het om van die moorddadige verwoesting deur die plaaslike <a href="/wiki/Herodes_die_Grote" title="Herodes die Grote">Koning Herodus</a> te ontvlug wat die gerugte gehoor het van die aankoms in Betlehem van 'n mededinger tot die <i>koningskap</i>. Matteus vertel dat toe Jesus en sy gesin na Israel teruggekeer het, hulle hulself in Nasaret gevestig het waar hulle geglo het hulle 'n meer anonieme bestaan kon voer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Die_drie_wyse_manne_en_die_"Ster_van_Bethlehem""><span id="Die_drie_wyse_manne_en_die_.22Ster_van_Bethlehem.22"></span>Die drie wyse manne en die "Ster van Bethlehem"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Die drie wyse manne en die "Ster van Bethlehem"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Die drie wyse manne en die "Ster van Bethlehem""><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:2014-STELLA_E_ARENA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/2014-STELLA_E_ARENA.jpg/220px-2014-STELLA_E_ARENA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/2014-STELLA_E_ARENA.jpg/330px-2014-STELLA_E_ARENA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/2014-STELLA_E_ARENA.jpg/440px-2014-STELLA_E_ARENA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="2362" /></a><figcaption>Ster van Betlehem in die Romeinse Arena di Verona, <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italië</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Ander aspekte rondom die geboorte van Christus wat vanuit die evangelies na Christen-oorlewering oorgedra word is die besoek deur die drie wyse manne, en die aankondiging van Jesus se geboorte aan skaapherders in die nabyheid. Soos die wyse manne het hulle ook 'n reuse ster direk bo Bethlehem waargeneem en dit gevolg tot by die geboorteplek. Die wyse manne het uit die ooste gekom en daar word gesê dat hulle geskenke gebring het wat <i><a href="/wiki/Goud" title="Goud">goud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wierook" title="Wierook">wierook</a> en <a href="/wiki/Mirre" title="Mirre">mirre</a></i> ingesluit het. </p><p>Sterrekundiges het met wisselvallige sukses probeer om die naspeurbare sterrekundige gebeure te gebruik om die verskyning van die ster-rasioneel te verduidelik. Alhoewel die "Ster van Bethlehem" deesdae meestal as 'n <a href="/wiki/Komeet" title="Komeet">komeet</a> uitgebeeld word (sommige deskundiges het vroeër vermoed dat die evangeliste na <a href="/wiki/Halley_se_Komeet" title="Halley se Komeet">Halley se Komeet</a> verwys het toe hulle die reusester beskryf het en beslis ook omdat hierdie soort "ster" met sy stert meer geskik is vir dekorasiedoeleindes), het baie wetenskaplikes, waaronder ook die sterrekundige <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a> in 1603, ontdek dat in die jaar 7 v.C. - een van die waarskynlike geboortejare van Jesus – danksy 'n buitengewone sterrekonjunksie die twee reuseplanete <a href="/wiki/Saturnus_(planeet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saturnus (planeet)">Saturnus</a> en <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(planeet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (planeet)">Jupiter</a> dig by mekaar teen die naghemel sigbaar was en soos 'n reusester gelyk het.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die teenstrydigheid van die verhale en die afwesigheid van enige verwysings na Christus se geboorte in die ander evangelies en die feit dat die vertellinge van Matteus en Lukas eers dekades later geskryf is, sonder bevestiging van ooggetuies, het na baie bespiegelinge gelei oor die juistheid van hierdie verslae. Christene aanvaar egter die juistheid van die Kersverhaal ten spyte van die teenstrydighede as een van die leerstellings van hul geloof. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gedenkdatums">Gedenkdatums</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Gedenkdatums" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Gedenkdatums"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Armenian_Christmas_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Armenian_Christmas_1.jpg/220px-Armenian_Christmas_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Armenian_Christmas_1.jpg/330px-Armenian_Christmas_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Armenian_Christmas_1.jpg/440px-Armenian_Christmas_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="402" /></a><figcaption>Kersfeesviering in 'n Armeense kerk in Kolkata, Indië</figcaption></figure> <p>Pogings om 'n datum van Jesus se geboorte vas te stel het ongeveer twee eeue na sy dood begin, toe die <a href="/wiki/Katolieke_Kerk" class="mw-redirect" title="Katolieke Kerk">Katolieke Kerk</a> sy tradisies begin vestig het. Kersfees word nou gevier op <a href="/wiki/25_Desember" title="25 Desember">25 Desember</a> in die Katolieke kerk, en kerke met 'n katolieke oorsprong: die (<a href="/wiki/Oosters_Ortodokse_kerke" class="mw-redirect" title="Oosters Ortodokse kerke">Oosters Ortodokse kerke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rooms-Katolieke" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooms-Katolieke">Rooms-Katolieke</a> en <a href="/wiki/Protestantse_kerke" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestantse kerke">Protestantse kerke</a>). Aangesien die meeste <a href="/wiki/Oosters_Ortodokse_kerke" class="mw-redirect" title="Oosters Ortodokse kerke">Oosters Ortodokse kerke</a> nie die hervormings van die <a href="/wiki/Gregoriaanse_kalender" title="Gregoriaanse kalender">Gregoriaanse kalender</a> of die hersiene <a href="/wiki/Juliaanse_kalender" title="Juliaanse kalender">Juliaanse kalender</a> aanvaar het nie, sal hul geestelike 25 Desember tussen 1900 en 2099 op <a href="/wiki/7_Januarie" title="7 Januarie">7 Januarie</a> val. </p><p>Die Armeense Kerk vier – in teenstelling met die westerse en Bisantynse tradisies – die "Fees van die geboorte en goddelike openbaring van ons Heer Jesus Christus" op 6 Januarie. Met dié fees word ook die <a href="/wiki/Doop_van_Jesus" title="Doop van Jesus">doop van Jesus</a> in die Jordaanrivier herdenk en sodoende vasgehou aan die oorspronklike Christelike feesviering soos dit vanaf die 2de eeu tot die middel van die 4de eeu gehou is. Eers daarna is die geboorte en doop van Jesus om dogmatiese redes in die weste en in die Bisantynse ritus met twee verskillende feeste herdenk.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geskiedkundige_ontwikkeling">Geskiedkundige ontwikkeling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedkundige ontwikkeling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Geskiedkundige ontwikkeling"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Adventn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bnec_3.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Adventn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bnec_3.JPG/220px-Adventn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bnec_3.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Adventn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bnec_3.JPG/330px-Adventn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bnec_3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Adventn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bnec_3.JPG/440px-Adventn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bnec_3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1421" data-file-height="1367" /></a><figcaption>'n Adventskrans</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Hattingen_-_Untermarkt_-_Altes_Rathaus_07_ies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Hattingen_-_Untermarkt_-_Altes_Rathaus_07_ies.jpg/220px-Hattingen_-_Untermarkt_-_Altes_Rathaus_07_ies.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Hattingen_-_Untermarkt_-_Altes_Rathaus_07_ies.jpg/330px-Hattingen_-_Untermarkt_-_Altes_Rathaus_07_ies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Hattingen_-_Untermarkt_-_Altes_Rathaus_07_ies.jpg/440px-Hattingen_-_Untermarkt_-_Altes_Rathaus_07_ies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Die ou raadsaal in Hattingen in die <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duitse</a> deelstaat <a href="/wiki/Noordryn-Wesfale" title="Noordryn-Wesfale">Noordryn-Wesfale</a> word jaarliks in 'n reuse-adventskalender omgeskep</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Trafalgar_Square,_London,_W1_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1101891.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Trafalgar_Square%2C_London%2C_W1_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1101891.jpg/220px-Trafalgar_Square%2C_London%2C_W1_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1101891.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Trafalgar_Square%2C_London%2C_W1_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1101891.jpg/330px-Trafalgar_Square%2C_London%2C_W1_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1101891.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Trafalgar_Square%2C_London%2C_W1_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1101891.jpg/440px-Trafalgar_Square%2C_London%2C_W1_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1101891.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="481" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Noorwe%C3%AB" title="Noorweë">Noorweë</a> skenk jaarliks 'n kersboom vir <a href="/wiki/Londen" title="Londen">Londen</a> se Trafalgar-plein</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Candy_cane_on_tree.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Candy_cane_on_tree.jpg/220px-Candy_cane_on_tree.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Candy_cane_on_tree.jpg/330px-Candy_cane_on_tree.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Candy_cane_on_tree.jpg/440px-Candy_cane_on_tree.jpg 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Lekkergoedkieries is 'n gewilde Kersversnapering en word ook dikwels as kersversiering gebruik</figcaption></figure> <p>Die vroeë Christengemeenskap het 'n onderskeiding gemaak tussen Jesus van Nasaret se geboortedatum en die liturgiese viering van dié gebeurtenis. Gedurende die eerste twee eeue van die Christelike geskiedenis was die <a href="/wiki/Kerkvaders" title="Kerkvaders">Kerkvaders</a> dikwels gekant teen enige herdenking van die geboortedae van martelaars, insluitende dié van Jesus van Nasaret, aangesien dié soort feesvieringe as heidense praktyke beskou is. In plaas daarvan is gelowiges aangemoedig om heiliges en martelaars op die datum van hul martelaarsdood te herdenk wat, vanuit die oogpunt van die Kerk, as hul ware geboortedag beskou is.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die <a href="/wiki/Nuwe_Testament" title="Nuwe Testament">Nuwe Testament</a> bied geen leidraad oor Jesus se geboortedatum nie. Volgens historiese oorlewerings is 25 Desember in 221 deur die Christelike geskiedskrywer Sextus Julius Africanus (omstreeks 180–250) as Jesus se geboortedatum vasgestel en dié datum later algemeen aanvaar. Moontlik het 'n gewilde nie-Christelike Romeinse feesdag, <i>Dies solis invicti nati</i> ("Dag van die geboorte van die onoorwinlike Son"), wat op dieselfde datum dwarsoor die <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Ryk" title="Romeinse Ryk">Romeinse Ryk</a> gevier is, 'n rol by dié keuse gespeel – óf om 'n Christelike gedaante aan dié feesdag te gee, óf om gebruik te maak van dié fees se religieuse betekenis. </p><p>Met die <i>Dies solis invicti nati</i> is immers die <a href="/wiki/Wintersonstilstand" class="mw-redirect" title="Wintersonstilstand">wintersonstilstand</a> as die simbool van die herlewing van die son, die verdrywing van die winter en die hergeboorte van lente en somer gevier. Nadat dié datum deur Christelike gemeenskappe algemeen as die geboortedatum van hul Verlosser erken is, het sommige Christelike skrywers begin om die hergeboorte van die son en die geboorte van God se seun gelyk te stel aan mekaar. Dit was 'n ongewone stap vir die vroeë Christelike kerk, wat hom steeds van enige heidense ritueel of geloof gedistansieer het, om juis die datum van 'n heidense feesdag vir die herdenking van Jesus se geboorte te aanvaar. </p><p>Eerder as om te poog om die gewilde heidense feeste te onderdruk, het <a href="/wiki/Pous_Gregorius_I" title="Pous Gregorius I">Pous Gregorius I</a> Christelike sendelinge toegelaat om aan hulle 'n Christelike herinterpretasie te verleen, terwyl hulle die verwante gebruike toegelaat het om voort te bestaan met min of sonder enige verandering. </p><p>'n Tweede siening oor die keuse van 25 Desember as Jesus se geboortedatum verwys na die tradisionele beskouing waarvolgens die skepping op die dag van die lentenagewening plaasgevind het. Die vierde skeppingsdag, waarop God die liggewende hemelliggame geskep het, word as die dag van die ontvangenis van Jesus beskou (25 Maart). Sodoende val sy geboortedatum – nege maande later – op 25 Desember. Christene het die geboorte van hul Verlosser eeue lank saam met sy doop in die Jordaanrivier herdenk en dus op 6 Januarie gevier. </p><p>Vanaf die 9de eeu is Kersfees met 'n besondere liturgie gevier, alhoewel die fees by verre nie dieselfde godsdienstige betekenis gekry het soos <a href="/wiki/Goeie_Vrydag" title="Goeie Vrydag">Goeie Vrydag</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pase" class="mw-redirect" title="Pase">Pase</a> nie. Rooms-Katolieke gemeentes vier die eerste Kersmis om middernag, terwyl in Protestantse kerkgemeentes kerkdienste by kerslig laat saans op 24 Desember gewild geraak het. Veral in Anglikaanse gemeentes word besondere kerkdienste gevier waarna as <i>lessons and carols</i> verwys word. Hierby hoor gemeentelede skriflesings wat die verlossingsgeskiedenis vanaf die val van Adam en Eva in die <a href="/wiki/Tuin_van_Eden" title="Tuin van Eden">tuin van Eden</a> tot die koms van Christus behandel en sing tussendeur kersliedere. Dié soort kerkdiens is oorspronklik deur die <a href="/wiki/Aartsbiskop_van_Kantelberg" title="Aartsbiskop van Kantelberg">aartsbiskop van Kantelberg</a>, Edward White Benson (1829–1893), aan die <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Cambridge" title="Universiteit van Cambridge">Universiteit van Cambridge</a> ingevoer. </p><p>Die meeste gebruike rondom Kersfees het eers in die laaste paar eeue gewild geraak en het geen teologiese of liturgiese wortels nie. In sy werk <i>Das Narrenschiff</i>, wat in 1494 gepubliseer is, verwys die <a href="/wiki/Straatsburg" title="Straatsburg">Straatsburgse</a> Renaissance-humanis Sebastian Brant (1457–1521) na denneboomtakke wat as Kersversierings gebruik is. Min is bekend oor die oorsprong van die Kersboom; historiese bronne verwys eweneens na Straatsburg waar dennebome vanaf 1605 met appels versier is. 'n <a href="/wiki/Silesi%C3%AB" title="Silesië">Silesiese</a> hertogin betuig die gebruik van kerse vir sulke bome in 1611. </p><p>Denneboomtakke is eweneens gebruik vir die maak van adventskranse, 'n tradisie wat sy oorsprong in die 19de eeuse Noord-Duitsland het, maar eers ná die Eerste Wêreldoorlog algemeen ingeburger geraak het.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sy oorspronge strek moontlik verder terug tot die <a href="/wiki/Middeleeue" title="Middeleeue">Middeleeue</a> toe in die donker maande van die jaar winterkranse (sonder betrekking tot Kersfees) as sinnebeeld vir die son en sy wederkoms in die lente gevleg is.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oorspronklik is 24 kerse aangesteek wat die 24 dae van Kersfees (gereken vanaf 1 Desember) versinnebeeld het. Om praktiese redes is die getal kerse later verminder tot slegs vier wat die vier Sondae van die <a href="/wiki/Advent" title="Advent">Adventseisoen</a> gesimboliseer het. </p><p>Nou verwant aan die adventskrans-tradisie is die adventskalender met 24 deurtjies of ander openinge, waarvan een op elke dag vanaf 1 Desember geopen word om die dae tot by Kersfees maklik te kan aftel. Die kalendertradisie het sy oorsprong in die 19de eeu toe in Duitse Protestantse gesinne in Desember elke dag tot Kersdag 'n godsdienstige beeld opgehang is. 'n Meer eenvoudige manier was om 24 krytstrepies op 'n deur te sit wat deur kinders een na die ander verwyder is. Die oudste selfgemaakte adventskalender met deurtjies dateer van 1851, maar eers vanaf die vroeë 20ste eeu het die eerste gedrukte adventskalenders hul verskyning gemaak. Sedert die laat 1950's het kommersieel vervaardigde kalenders gewild geraak wat met 24 <a href="/wiki/Sjokolade" title="Sjokolade">sjokoladestukke</a> gevul word.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Voorbereidinge vir die Kersfees het gaandeweg omvattender geword, en al is daar oorspronklik 'n liturgiese onderskeiding tussen die adventseisoen en Kersfees gemaak, het die twee vieringe eens geword. So word Kersbome intussen al weke voor Kersdag in tuine en op openbare pleine geplaas. </p><p>Teen die einde van die 18de eeu het die ruil van geskenke in familiekringe ingeburger geraak. Dié gebruik het wél 'n teologiese basis in die Bybelse verhaal van wyse manne uit die Ooste wat in Jerusalem aangekom het om hulde aan die Christuskind te wys (Matteus 2:1-2). Feesvieringe rondom die geboorte van Jesus is sodoende verbind met die gee van geskenke. </p><p>Die vroegste historiese bronne in verband met dié tradisie dateer uit die 15de eeu. Die ruil van geskenke het egter ook die indruk gewek dat die fees eerder wêreldik van aard was en dat familielede en vriende sentraal gestaan het in dié soort vieringe. Dit was een van die redes hoekom Puriteine in Ou en <a href="/wiki/Nieu-Engeland" title="Nieu-Engeland">Nieu-Engeland</a> streng gekant was teen die erkenning van Kersfees as 'n Christelike feesdag en die waarneming daarvan verbied het. Gereformeerde kerke het aanvanklik dieselfde standpunt ingeneem en geen liturgiese tradisies rondom Kersfees ontwikkel nie. Eers later is in baie gevalle Lutherse of geünieerde tradisies oorgeneem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protestantse_Hervorming_en_Kersfeestradisies">Protestantse Hervorming en Kersfeestradisies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Protestantse Hervorming en Kersfeestradisies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Protestantse Hervorming en Kersfeestradisies"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Christmas_Holly_at_Kew.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Christmas_Holly_at_Kew.jpg/220px-Christmas_Holly_at_Kew.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Christmas_Holly_at_Kew.jpg/330px-Christmas_Holly_at_Kew.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Christmas_Holly_at_Kew.jpg/440px-Christmas_Holly_at_Kew.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1224" data-file-height="918" /></a><figcaption>Die blare en bessies van die steekpalm (<i>holly</i>), 'n tradisionele Engelse Kersfeesversiering, in die Koninklike Botaniese Tuin van Kew, Londen</figcaption></figure> <p>Protestantse kerkhervormers het dikwels krities gestaan teenoor die viering van sekere kerklike feesdae wat as "Rooms-Katoliek" bestempel is. So het ook Kersfeestradisies omstrede geraak. <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> het sekere feesdae, insluitende Kersfees, erken en hul viering toegestaan, terwyl ander hervormers, onder wie <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Calvyn" title="Johannes Calvyn">Johannes Calvyn</a> en <a href="/wiki/John_Knox" title="John Knox">John Knox</a>, hulle beperk het tot feesdae wat uitdruklik in die Bybelse konteks voorgeskryf is. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Gen%C3%A8ve" title="Genève">Genève</a>, teen die middel van die 16de eeu een van die mees vooraanstaande sentrums van die Protestantse Hervorming, is alle kerklike feesdae nog voor Calvyn se aankoms daar afgeskaf. Nadat Calvyn tydelik uit die stad verban is, het die stadsraad die viering van enkele feesdae goedgekeur, terwyl Protestantse predikante die praktyk steeds afgekeur het. </p><p>In Skotland het die plaaslike Protestantse kerk 'n sterk standpunt teen Kersfeesvierings ingeneem – 'n houding wat in 1560 en nog eens in 1566 bekragtig is. Die Tweede Helvetiese Belydenis (<i>Confessio Helvetica posterior</i>) van 1566 het die amptelike viering van Kersfees deur die Kerk erken. Die meeste gereformeerde kerke op die Europese vasteland het hierdie belydenis oorgeneem, insluitende die positiewe houding teenoor kerklike Kersfeesvierings. Die <a href="/wiki/Kerk_van_Skotland" title="Kerk van Skotland">Presbiteriaanse Kerk in Skotland</a> het die kerklike waarneming van Kersfees egter verwerp en die gebrek aan enige Bybelse verwysing na 25 Desember as Jesus van Nasaret se geboortedatum as rede aangevoer.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Toe <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> as 1ste <i>Lord Protector</i> in 1645 'n nie-monargiese bedeling in Engeland gevestig het, die sogenaamde Gemenebes van Engeland, het, is Kersfeesvierings amptelik afgeskaf as deel van 'n Puriteinse poging om die land van morele verval te verlos. Die verbod was egter ongewild en toe <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_van_Engeland" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles II van Engeland">Charles II van Engeland</a> in sy troon herstel is, het hy die fees weer ingestel. </p><p>Die teologiese debat oor die waarneming van Kersfees is deur Puriteine en Presbiterianers ook in die Noord-Amerikaanse kolonies voortgesit. In kolonies, waar die Anglikaanse Kerk as amptelike godsdiens erken is, is Kersfees gevier, veral in die Suide. Dit was nie die geval in Nieu-Engeland nie waar Puriteinse strominge oorheers het. Die Pelgrimvaders, 'n groep Puriteinse Engelse separatiste wat hulle om godsdienstige redes in 1620 in Noord-Amerika gevestig het, het krities gestaan teenoor Kersfeesvierings. Die vier van Kersfees is op plekke selfs verban, soos tussen 1659 en 1681 in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> waar dié verbod afgedwing is deur die oplegging van 'n 5 sjieling-boete. </p><p>Die bewoners van die <a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_Virgini%C3%AB" title="Jamestown, Virginië">Jamestown</a>-nedersetting het egter die fees vrylik gevier. Kersfees se gewildheid in Amerika het na die <a href="/wiki/Amerikaanse_Rewolusie" title="Amerikaanse Rewolusie">Amerikaanse Rewolusie</a> afgeneem, aangesien dit as 'n <i>Engelse gebruik</i> gesien is. Kersfees is in die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Verenigde State">Verenigde State</a> eers op 26 Junie 1870 as 'n <a href="/wiki/Vakansiedae_in_die_Verenigde_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Vakansiedae in die Verenigde State">federale vakansiedag</a> verklaar. </p><p>Presbiterianers het Kersfees hoegenaamd nie erken as kerklike fees, onafhanklik van hulle woonplek. </p><p>Vandag beskou enkele Christelike gemeenskappe, soos <a href="/wiki/Jehovah_se_Getuies" title="Jehovah se Getuies">Jehovah se Getuies</a>, sommige Puriteinse groepe en behoudende fundamentalistiese kerke, Kersfees as 'n heidense vakansie wat nie deur die Bybel voorgeskryf word nie, en vier dit dus nie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gebruike_en_vieringe">Gebruike en vieringe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Gebruike en vieringe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Gebruike en vieringe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sekulêre_gebruike"><span id="Sekul.C3.AAre_gebruike"></span>Sekulêre gebruike</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Sekulêre gebruike" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Sekulêre gebruike"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kersvader_en_ander_geskenkbringers">Kersvader en ander geskenkbringers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Wysig afdeling: Kersvader en ander geskenkbringers" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Kersvader en ander geskenkbringers"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Defile_du_Pere_Noel,_Montreal,_2015_-_292.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Defile_du_Pere_Noel%2C_Montreal%2C_2015_-_292.jpg/220px-Defile_du_Pere_Noel%2C_Montreal%2C_2015_-_292.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Defile_du_Pere_Noel%2C_Montreal%2C_2015_-_292.jpg/330px-Defile_du_Pere_Noel%2C_Montreal%2C_2015_-_292.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Defile_du_Pere_Noel%2C_Montreal%2C_2015_-_292.jpg/440px-Defile_du_Pere_Noel%2C_Montreal%2C_2015_-_292.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5152" data-file-height="3864" /></a><figcaption>Kersvader en sy rendiere tydens die <i>Défilé du Père Noël</i> in <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> in 2015</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Stockholm_-_NK.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Stockholm_-_NK.jpg/220px-Stockholm_-_NK.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Stockholm_-_NK.jpg/330px-Stockholm_-_NK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Stockholm_-_NK.jpg/440px-Stockholm_-_NK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1568" /></a><figcaption>'n Reuse-kersboom in die NK-winkelsentrum in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swede" title="Swede">Swede</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:D%C3%BClmen,_Haus_Osthoff_--_2014_--_4453.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/D%C3%BClmen%2C_Haus_Osthoff_--_2014_--_4453.jpg/220px-D%C3%BClmen%2C_Haus_Osthoff_--_2014_--_4453.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/D%C3%BClmen%2C_Haus_Osthoff_--_2014_--_4453.jpg/330px-D%C3%BClmen%2C_Haus_Osthoff_--_2014_--_4453.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/D%C3%BClmen%2C_Haus_Osthoff_--_2014_--_4453.jpg/440px-D%C3%BClmen%2C_Haus_Osthoff_--_2014_--_4453.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4057" data-file-height="3232" /></a><figcaption>Kersfeesversierings by die Osthoff-herehuis, Dülmen, Duitsland</figcaption></figure> <p>Die gee van presente is 'n byna universele deel van Kersfeesvierings. Die begrip van 'n mitiese figuur wat geskenke bring vir die kinders, kom van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sint_Nikolaas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sint Nikolaas (bladsy bestaan nie)">Sint Nikolaas</a>, 'n goedhartige biskop uit die 4de eeu in <a href="/wiki/Klein-Asi%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Klein-Asië">Klein-Asië</a>. Die <a href="/wiki/Nederland" title="Nederland">Nederlanders</a> het 'n geskenkbringende Sint Nikolaas rondom sy feesdag op 6 Desember geskoei. </p><p>In Noord-Amerika het Engelse en Franse koloniste verskeie aspekte van hierdie fees aangeneem in hul Kersfeesviering, en <i>Sinterklaas</i> het <i>Santa Claus</i> in Engels- en <i>Père Noël</i> in Franssprekende gebiede geword. In die Anglo-Amerikaanse tradisie kom hierdie joviale persoon op 'n <a href="/wiki/Slee" title="Slee">slee</a> aan wat deur <a href="/wiki/Rendier" title="Rendier">rendiere</a> gesleep word, klim teen huise se skoorstene af, laat presente vir die kinders agter, en eet dan ook die kos wat vir hom agtergelaat word. Hy spandeer die res van die jaar dan met die maak van geskenke en hou boek oor die kinders se gedrag. </p><p>In sommige kulture word Kersvader vergesel deur 'n handlanger genaamd Rupert, of <i>Swarte Piet</i>. In sommige verhale werk elwe in 'n <a href="/wiki/Werkswinkel" title="Werkswinkel">werkswinkel</a> en maak geskenke; en in ander is Kersvader met Mevrou Claus getroud. In baie winkelsentrums in die westerse wêreld is daar dan ook oor kerstyd 'n Kersvader teenwoordig, vir wie kinders kan besoek en kan vra vir presente. </p><p>In baie lande laat kinders leë houers agter vir Kersvader om vol te maak met geskenke soos speelgoed, lekkergoed of vrugte. In die VSA hang kinders 'n kerskous by die kaggel op Oukersaand sodat Kersvader dit kan volmaak gedurende Oukersnag. In ander lande weer plaas kinders hulle leë skoene daar sodat Kersvader dit vir hulle kan volmaak en in die geval van Sint Nikolaas op 5 Desember. Die gee van geskenke word egter nie tot hierdie geskenkbringers beperk nie en vriende en familie gee ook aan mekaar geskenke. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tyd_vir_geskenke">Tyd vir geskenke</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Wysig afdeling: Tyd vir geskenke" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Tyd vir geskenke"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In baie lande, bly Sint Nikolaasdag (6 Desember) die dag vir die gee van geskenke. In groot dele van <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duitsland</a> sit kinders hulle skoene op die vensterbanke op die nag van die 5de Desember en kry hulle dit dan vol lekkergoed en klein geskenke teen die volgende oggend. In plekke soos <a href="/wiki/Nederland" title="Nederland">Nederland</a> bly Kersfees steeds 'n godsdienstige vakansie. In <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> en lande met soortgelyke tradisies word geskenke deur die wyse manne, fortuinvertellers en priesters van 'n heidense geloof op <a href="/wiki/Driekoningedag" title="Driekoningedag">Driekoningedag</a>, op die 6de Januarie, gebring. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kerskaartjies">Kerskaartjies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Wysig afdeling: Kerskaartjies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Kerskaartjies"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kerskaartjies is uiters gewild in die VSA en Europa, en vorm dikwels 'n manier vir mense om verhoudings met vriende, verlangse familie en besigheidsvennote te onderhou. Baie gesinne sluit 'n jaarlikse gesinsfoto by die kaartjie in en/of 'n familienuusbrief wat die avonture en prestasies van die familielede tydens die afgelope jaar opsom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Versierings">Versierings</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Wysig afdeling: Versierings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Versierings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die versiering van 'n Kersboom met kersliggies en kersornamente en die versiering van die huis met kranse is algemene tradisies. In Noord-Amerika en tot 'n mindere mate in Europa is dit 'n tradisie om die buitekant van die huise met ligte te versier. </p><p>Munisipale owerhede borg dikwels ook die versieringe en hang kersbaniere of -ligte op die straatligte, of plaas Kersbome in die dorpsplein. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sosiale_aspekte_en_vermaak">Sosiale aspekte en vermaak</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Wysig afdeling: Sosiale aspekte en vermaak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Sosiale aspekte en vermaak"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Christmas_cracker_table.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Christmas_cracker_table.jpg/220px-Christmas_cracker_table.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Christmas_cracker_table.jpg/330px-Christmas_cracker_table.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Christmas_cracker_table.jpg/440px-Christmas_cracker_table.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="665" /></a><figcaption>In die Verenigde Koninkryk is Kerstafels ondenkbaar sonder Kersklappers</figcaption></figure> <p>In baie lande hou besighede, skole en gemeenskappe kerspartytjies en danse. Hierdie geleenthede vind dikwels etlike weke voor Kersdag plaas. Sommige groepe hou konserte waar die geboorte van Jesus Christus uitgebeeld word. Ander het weer die tradisie om van huis tot huis deur die buurt te loop en kersliedere te sing. In ander gevalle word die welwillendheid tot die mens gevier deur die verrigting van gemeenskapsdiens. </p><p>Op Kersdag word spesiale disse dikwels voorgesit, waarvoor elke land dikwels sy eie tradisionele resepte het. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Suid-Afrika" title="Suid-Afrika">Suid-Afrika</a> val Kersfees oor die somervakansie van skole en universiteite. Baie mense spandeer dus Kersfees by die kus, vakansie-oorde en/of familie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Godsdienstige_gebruike_en_vieringe">Godsdienstige gebruike en vieringe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Wysig afdeling: Godsdienstige gebruike en vieringe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Godsdienstige gebruike en vieringe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die godsdienstige vieringe begin met die Advent, die afwagting op die geboorte van Christus, vier weke voor Kersfees en word gevier deur spesiale kerkdienste. Adventdienste sluit dikwels kersliedere in. Reg voor Kersfees hou baie kerke spesiale kersdienste waar Christelike gesange en kersliedere gesing word. Op Oukersaand en Kersfeesdag word soms spesiale dienste gehou wat die middernagmis en die geboortemis, of soortgelyke diens, kan insluit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sien_ook">Sien ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Wysig afdeling: Sien ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Sien ook"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kersliedjies_in_Afrikaans" title="Kersliedjies in Afrikaans">Kersliedjies in Afrikaans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lys_van_openbare_vakansiedae_in_Suid-Afrika" title="Lys van openbare vakansiedae in Suid-Afrika">Lys van openbare vakansiedae in Suid-Afrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanoeka" title="Chanoeka">Chanoeka</a>, Joodse eweknie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" class="mw-redirect" title="Diwali">Diwali</a>, Hindoeïstiese eweknie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawlid_an-Nabi" title="Mawlid an-Nabi">Mawlid an-Nabi</a>, Islamitiese eweknie</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Nederlands">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">nl</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/kerst">Kerst (Feest Van Christus' geboorte)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whychristmas.com/cultures/japan.shtml"><i>whychristmas.com: Christmas in Japan. Besoek op 25 Oktober 2017</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Duits">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">de</span>) </span> Pröse, Tim: <i>Weihnachtsgeschichte. Die Geburt Christi aus heutiger Sicht: von Magiern, Ausgestoßenen und einer Geliebten</i>. In: FOCUS nommer 52, 22 Desember 2007, bl. 108-109</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Duits">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">de</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hayfm.de/kirche/warum-wir-armenier-weihnachten-am-6-januar-feiern"><i>HayFM – Voice of Armenians: Warum wir Armenier Weihnachten am 6. Januar feiern</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305003321/http://www.hayfm.de/kirche/warum-wir-armenier-weihnachten-am-6-januar-feiern">Geargiveer</a> 5 Maart 2016 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/topic/Christmas"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica: Christmas</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Duits">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">de</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weihnachtsseiten.de/brauchtum/adventskranz/home.html"><i>www.weihnachtsseiten.de: Adventskranz. Besoek op 26 Desember 2015</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Duits">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">de</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.focus.de/panorama/welt/brauchtum-vor-175-jahren-strahlte-der-erste-adventskranz_id_4307397.html"><i>focus.de, 28 November 2014: Vor 175 Jahren strahlte der erste Adventskranz. Besoek op 26 Desember 2015</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Duits">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">de</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weihnachtsseiten.de/brauchtum/adventskalender/home.html"><i>www.weihnachtsseiten.de: Adventskalender. Besoek op 26 Desember 2015</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phcmontreat.org/Exhibit-Christmas.html"><i>Presbyterian Heritage Center: Celebrating Christmas. Besoek op 25 Oktober 2017</i></a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronne">Bronne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Wysig afdeling: Bronne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Bronne"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03724b.htm">1908 Katolieke Ensiklopedie-artikel oor Kersfees</a></li> <li>Talley, Thomas J. (1986). <i>The Origins of the Liturgical Year</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersfees&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons bevat media in verband met <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Christmas" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Christmas">Kersfees</a></b></i>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Sien <i><b><a href="https://af.wiktionary.org/wiki/Kersfees" class="extiw" title="wikt:Kersfees">Kersfees</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, die vrye woordeboek.</td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Joelfees</dt></dl> <hr /> <ul><li><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Afrikaans">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">af</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heiligdom.com/germ_joelfees.html"><i>Die Germaanse Joelfees</i></a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Ensiklopediese inligting</dt></dl> <hr /> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Christmas"><i>Britannica.com: Christmas</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03724b.htm"><i>Catholic Encyclopedia: Christmas</i></a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Geskiedenis</dt></dl> <hr /> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/topics/christmas/history-of-christmas"><i>History.com: History of Christmas</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.oup.com/2012/12/biblical-historical-christmas-harrington/"><i>Two Christmas stories: An analysis of New Testament narratives</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.komar.org/xmas/"><i>Die gebruik om Kersfees met ligte te vier</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.touchstonemag.com/archives/article.php?id=16-10-012-v"><i>"Calculating Christmas" by William J. Tighe</i></a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Kersfees dwarsoor die wêreld</dt></dl> <hr /> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stavanger-web.com/jul/christma.htm"><i>Kersfees in Noorweë</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gojapango.com/culture/christmas.html"><i>Kersfees in Japan</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121007095103/http://www.gojapango.com/culture/christmas.html">Geargiveer</a> 7 Oktober 2012 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Kersklok</dt></dl> <hr /> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.christmas-countdown.com">Christmas Countdown – Kersfeesaftelling</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt>Kersboom</dt></dl> <hr /> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rbth.com/lifestyle/331438-christmas-tree-russia-new-year"><i>Russia Beyond: Why the Christmas tree in Russia is not about Christmas. Wait, WHAT?</i></a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Christelike_feeste_en_herdenkings_(chronologies)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-lees"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Christelike_feeste_en_herdenkings" title="Sjabloon:Christelike feeste en herdenkings"><abbr title="Lees hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bespreek"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloonbespreking:Christelike_feeste_en_herdenkings" title="Sjabloonbespreking:Christelike feeste en herdenkings"><abbr title="Bespreek hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-wysig"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Christelike_feeste_en_herdenkings&action=edit"><abbr title="Wysig hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">w</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Christelike_feeste_en_herdenkings_(chronologies)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Liturgiese_jaar" title="Liturgiese jaar">Christelike feeste en herdenkings</a> (chronologies)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b>Kerskring</b></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Advent" title="Advent">Advent</a> • <a href="/wiki/Luciafees" title="Luciafees">Luciafees</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oukersaand" title="Oukersaand">Oukersaand</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kersfees</a> • <a href="/wiki/Welwillendheidsdag" title="Welwillendheidsdag">Welwillendheidsdag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Driekoningedag" title="Driekoningedag">Driekoningedag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Doop_van_Jesus" title="Doop van Jesus">Doop van Jesus</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Christian_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Christelike kruis"><img alt="Christelike kruis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/75px-Christian_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/113px-Christian_cross.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Valentynsdag" title="Valentynsdag">Valentynsdag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Aswoensdag" title="Aswoensdag">Aswoensdag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sint_Patricksdag" title="Sint Patricksdag">Sint Patricksdag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sint_Jorisdag" title="Sint Jorisdag">Sint Jorisdag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hemelvaartsdag" title="Hemelvaartsdag">Hemelvaartsdag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pinkster" title="Pinkster">Pinkster</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sakramentsdag" title="Sakramentsdag">Sakramentsdag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Verheerliking_van_Jesus" title="Verheerliking van Jesus">Verheerliking van Jesus</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hervormingsdag" title="Hervormingsdag">Hervormingsdag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Allerheilige" title="Allerheilige">Allerheilige</a> • <a href="/wiki/Allersiele" title="Allersiele">Allersiele</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sint-Maartenfees" title="Sint-Maartenfees">Sint-Maartenfees</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b>Mariafeeste</b></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Marialigmis" title="Marialigmis">Marialigmis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mariaboodskap" title="Mariaboodskap">Mariaboodskap</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mariahemelvaart" title="Mariahemelvaart">Mariahemelvaart</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mariageboorte" title="Mariageboorte">Mariageboorte</a> • <a href="/wiki/Onbevlekte_Ontvangenis_van_Maria" title="Onbevlekte Ontvangenis van Maria">Onbevlekte Ontvangenis van Maria</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="20x20px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Openbare_vakansiedae_in_Suid-Afrika" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" 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aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19809&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19809&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19809" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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