CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="af" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Nieu-Engeland - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )afwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","Januarie","Februarie","Maart","April","Mei","Junie","Julie","Augustus","September","Oktober","November","Desember"],"wgRequestId":"f1356210-18f3-459f-bd81-c4d0f9e05220","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Nieu-Engeland","wgTitle":"Nieu-Engeland","wgCurRevisionId":2619730,"wgRevisionId":2619730,"wgArticleId":6841,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Artikels met BNF-identifiseerders","Artikels met GND-identifiseerders","Artikels met LCCN-identifiseerders","Artikels met NARA-identifiseerders","Artikels met NKC-identifiseerders","Artikels met SUDOC-identifiseerders","Normdata met 6 elemente","Frans","Geskiedenis van Engeland","Geskiedenis van die Verenigde State van Amerika","Nieu-Engeland"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"af","wgPageContentLanguage":"af","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName": "Nieu-Engeland","wgRelevantArticleId":6841,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"af","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"af"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q18389","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Collage_of_New_England_related_images_2.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1410"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Collage_of_New_England_related_images_2.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="940"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="752"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Nieu-Engeland - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//af.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nieu-Engeland"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Wysig" href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (af)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//af.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nieu-Engeland"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.af"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atoomvoer" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Nieu-Engeland rootpage-Nieu-Engeland skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Gaan na inhoud</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hoofkieslys" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hoofkieslys</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hoofkieslys</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" title="Besoek die Tuisblad [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Tuisblad</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gebruikersportaal" title="Meer oor die projek, wat jy kan doen, nuttige skakels"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geselshoekie" title="Agtergrondinligting oor aktuele sake"><span>Geselshoekie</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings" title="'n Lys van onlangse wysigings [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Onlangse wysigings</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Lukraak" title="Laai 'n lukrake bladsye [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lukrake bladsy</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Vind meer uit oor iets"><span>Hulp</span></a></li><li id="n-Sandput" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sandput"><span>Sandput</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-af.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Soek" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Soek</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Deursoek Wikipedia" aria-label="Deursoek Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spesiaal:Soek"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Soek</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Nieu-Engeland" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Nieu-Engeland" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Nieu-Engeland" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Nieu-Engeland" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geskiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geskiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geskiedenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geskiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Die_Goue_Herfs_of_Indian_Summer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Die_Goue_Herfs_of_Indian_Summer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Die Goue Herfs of <i>Indian Summer</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Die_Goue_Herfs_of_Indian_Summer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Die_Franse_taal_in_Nieu-Engeland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Die_Franse_taal_in_Nieu-Engeland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Die Franse taal in Nieu-Engeland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Die_Franse_taal_in_Nieu-Engeland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sien_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sien_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sien ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sien_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nieu-Engeland</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 97 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">97 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nueva_Anglaterra" title="Nueva Anglaterra – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Nueva Anglaterra" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="إنجلترا الجديدة – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إنجلترا الجديدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF" title="نيو اينجلاند – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيو اينجلاند" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nueva_Inglaterra" title="Nueva Inglaterra – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nueva Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeni_%C4%B0ngilt%C9%99r%C9%99" title="Yeni İngiltərə – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yeni İngiltərə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neiengland" title="Neiengland – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Neiengland" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Новая Англія – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Новая Англія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Новая Ангельшчына – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Новая Ангельшчына" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Нова Англия – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нова Англия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bro-Saoz_Nevez" title="Bro-Saoz Nevez – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bro-Saoz Nevez" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Anglaterra" title="Nova Anglaterra – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nova Anglaterra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nov%C3%A1_Anglie" title="Nová Anglie – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nová Anglie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C4%95%D0%BD%C4%95_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Çĕнĕ Англи – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çĕнĕ Англи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloegr_Newydd" title="Lloegr Newydd – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lloegr Newydd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuengland" title="Neuengland – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Neuengland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%AD%CE%B1_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Νέα Αγγλία – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νέα Αγγλία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nov-Anglio" title="Nov-Anglio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nov-Anglio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nueva_Inglaterra" title="Nueva Inglaterra – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nueva Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uus-Inglismaa" title="Uus-Inglismaa – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Uus-Inglismaa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingalaterra_Berria" title="Ingalaterra Berria – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ingalaterra Berria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="نیو انگلند – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیو انگلند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uusi-Englanti" title="Uusi-Englanti – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Uusi-Englanti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BDongland" title="Nýongland – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Nýongland" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle-Angleterre" title="Nouvelle-Angleterre – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nouvelle-Angleterre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nei-Ingelun" title="Nei-Ingelun – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nei-Ingelun" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nij-Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Nij-Ingelân – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Nij-Ingelân" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasana_Nua" title="Sasana Nua – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sasana Nua" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasainn_Nuadh" title="Sasainn Nuadh – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sasainn Nuadh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Inglaterra" title="Nova Inglaterra – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nova Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="ניו אינגלנד – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניו אינגלנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="न्यू इंग्लैंड – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="न्यू इंग्लैंड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Engleska" title="Nova Engleska – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nova Engleska" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nowa_Jend%C5%BAelska" title="Nowa Jendźelska – Oppersorbies" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Nowa Jendźelska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Oppersorbies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Aj-Anglia" title="Új-Anglia – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Új-Anglia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B8%D6%80_%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Նոր Անգլիա – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նոր Անգլիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nove_Anglaterra" title="Nove Anglaterra – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Nove Anglaterra" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nov_Anglia" title="Nov Anglia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nov Anglia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BDja_England" title="Nýja England – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nýja England" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuova_Inghilterra" title="Nuova Inghilterra – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nuova Inghilterra" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="ニューイングランド – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニューイングランド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ახალი ინგლისი – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ახალი ინგლისი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D2%A3%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Жаңа Англия – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жаңа Англия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%82_%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D" title="ನ್ಯೂ ಇಂಗ್ಲೆಂಡ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನ್ಯೂ ಇಂಗ್ಲೆಂಡ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%89%B4%EC%9E%89%EA%B8%80%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C" title="뉴잉글랜드 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뉴잉글랜드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Anglia" title="Nova Anglia – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Nova Anglia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nui_Ingeland_(Vereinegde_Staote_vaan_Amerika)" title="Nui Ingeland (Vereinegde Staote vaan Amerika) – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Nui Ingeland (Vereinegde Staote vaan Amerika)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naujoji_Anglija" title="Naujoji Anglija – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Naujoji Anglija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaunanglija" title="Jaunanglija – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jaunanglija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Нова Англија – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нова Англија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82_%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D" title="ന്യൂ ഇംഗ്ലണ്ട് – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ന്യൂ ഇംഗ്ലണ്ട്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8D_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Шинэ Англи – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шинэ Англи" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="न्यू इंग्लंड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="न्यू इंग्लंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="نیو انگلند – Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="نیو انگلند" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England_(Verenigde_Staten)" title="New England (Verenigde Staten) – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="New England (Verenigde Staten)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B2va_Anglat%C3%A8rra" title="Nòva Anglatèrra – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nòva Anglatèrra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A_%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1" title="ਨਿਊ ਇੰਗਲੈਂਡ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਿਊ ਇੰਗਲੈਂਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nowa_Anglia" title="Nowa Anglia – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nowa Anglia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="نیو انگلینڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نیو انگلینڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Inglaterra" title="Nova Inglaterra – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nova Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noua_Anglie" title="Noua Anglie – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Noua Anglie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Новая Англия – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Новая Англия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noa_Inghilterra" title="Noa Inghilterra – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Noa Inghilterra" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Ingland" title="New Ingland – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="New Ingland" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Engleska" title="Nova Engleska – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nova Engleska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nov%C3%A9_Anglicko" title="Nové Anglicko – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nové Anglicko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Anglija" title="Nova Anglija – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nova Anglija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglia_e_Re" title="Anglia e Re – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Anglia e Re" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Нова Енглеска – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нова Енглеска" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="நியூ இங்கிலாந்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நியூ இங்கிலாந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82_%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="న్యూ ఇంగ్లండ్ – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="న్యూ ఇంగ్లండ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="นิวอิงแลนด์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นิวอิงแลนด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagong_Inglatera" title="Bagong Inglatera – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bagong Inglatera" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Нова Англія – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нова Англія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="نیو انگلینڈ – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیو انگلینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangi_Angliya" title="Yangi Angliya – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yangi Angliya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England" title="New England – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="New England" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="新英格兰 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="新英格兰" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ახალი ინგლისი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ახალი ინგლისი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95_%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="ניו ענגלאנד – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ניו ענגלאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="新英格蘭 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="新英格蘭" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sin_Eng-l%C3%A2n" title="Sin Eng-lân – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sin Eng-lân" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E8%8B%B1%E5%80%AB" title="紐英倫 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="紐英倫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18389#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nieu-Engeland" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Nieu-Engeland" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nieu-Engeland"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nieu-Engeland"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Nieu-Engeland" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Nieu-Engeland" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&oldid=2619730" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Nieu-Engeland&id=2619730&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNieu-Engeland"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNieu-Engeland"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Nieu-Engeland"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Nieu-Engeland&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:New_England" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18389" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" border="1" cellpadding="4" style="width: 300px; border-collapse:collapse; font-size: 95%;"> <caption style="font-size: larger;"><big><big><b>Nieu-Engeland</b></big></big> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Collage_of_New_England_related_images_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Collage_of_New_England_related_images_2.png/280px-Collage_of_New_England_related_images_2.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Collage_of_New_England_related_images_2.png/420px-Collage_of_New_England_related_images_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Collage_of_New_England_related_images_2.png/560px-Collage_of_New_England_related_images_2.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="705" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Neuengland_in_den_USA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Neuengland_in_den_USA.png/280px-Neuengland_in_den_USA.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Neuengland_in_den_USA.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="192" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #fff;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Politieke geskiedenis </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Geoktrooieer as Plymouthse Raad vir Nieu-Engeland</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1620" title="1620">1620</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Gevorm as die Verenigde Kolonies van Nieu-Engeland</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1643" title="1643">1643</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Gevorm as Dominium van Nieu-Engeland</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1686" title="1686">1686</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Toelating tot die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Verenigde State">VSA</a></b><br /> - <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a><br /> - <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a><br /> - <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a><br /> - <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a><br /> - <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a><br /> - <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a> </td> <td><br /> - 9 Januarie 1788 (5de)<br /> - 15 Maart 1820 (23ste)<br /> - 6 Februarie 1788 (6de)<br /> - 21 Junie 1788 (9de)<br /> - 29 Mei 1790 (13de)<br /> - 4 Maart 1791 (14de) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Statistieke gegewens </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Grootste stad</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Deelstate_van_die_Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Deelstate van die Verenigde State van Amerika">VSA-deelstate</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> en <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Oppervlak" title="Oppervlak">Oppervlak</a></b><br /> - Totaal </td> <td><br />181 440 vk km </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Bevolking" title="Bevolking">Bevolking</a></b><br /> - Totaal (skatting 2008)<br /> - <a href="/wiki/Bevolkingsdigtheid" title="Bevolkingsdigtheid">Bevolkingsdigtheid</a> </td> <td><br />14 303 542<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />87,7 mense per vk km </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Nieu-Engeland</b> is 'n gebied in die noordoostelike <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Verenigde State van Amerika">Verenigde State van Amerika</a> met 'n bevolking van naastenby 15 miljoen wat deur die deelstate <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> en <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a> gevorm word. Die klimaat is kontinentaal en vogtig, die grond is egter nie baie geskik vir landbou nie. Die Nieu-Engelandstate is bekend vir die pragtige kleure wat sy bosgebiede in die najaar (<i>Indian Summer</i>) vertoon. Sneeuval in die winter maak die gebied geskik vir wintersport. Toerisme en nuwe tegnologiese nywerhede het die tradisionele tekstiel- en ander nywerhede lank reeds vervang. Die belangrikste ekonomiese en kulturele sentrum is die stad <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> (<a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>). </p><p>Binne die Verenigde State handhaaf Nieu-Engeland 'n eie afsonderlike kulturele identiteit, waarby kontrasterende elemente mekaar komplimenteer - godsdienstige puritanisme met liberalisme, 'n florerende landboubedryf in landelike streke met vooruitstrewende stedelike nedersettings, en isolasie met immigrasie - waaronder dié van <a href="/wiki/Iere" title="Iere">Iere</a>, Franssprekende <a href="/wiki/Kanadese" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanadese">Kanadese</a> en <a href="/wiki/Portugese" title="Portugese">Portugese</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografie">Geografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Geografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Geografie"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die ses <a href="/wiki/Deelstate_van_die_Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Deelstate van die Verenigde State van Amerika">deelstate</a> van Nieu-Engeland beslaan 'n oppervlakte van 71 991,8 vk myl of 186 458 vk km. Die streek is ietwat groter as die deelstaat Washington en merkbaar groter as historiese Moederland Engeland (50 301 vk myl). Die ses deelstate varieer grootliks ten opsigte van hul oppervlakte - so beslaan Maine, die grootste van hulle, byna die helfte van Nieu-Engeland, al is dit slegs die 39ste grootse VSA-deelstaat, en ietwat kleiner as <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>. Die vyf ander deelstate word onder die kleinstes in die VSA gereken - Rhode Island is selfs die kleinste van alle vyftig state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geskiedenis">Geskiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Geskiedenis"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Boston_from_the_Harbour,_Massachusetts_(493360)_(10772382303).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Boston_from_the_Harbour%2C_Massachusetts_%28493360%29_%2810772382303%29.jpg/220px-Boston_from_the_Harbour%2C_Massachusetts_%28493360%29_%2810772382303%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Boston_from_the_Harbour%2C_Massachusetts_%28493360%29_%2810772382303%29.jpg/330px-Boston_from_the_Harbour%2C_Massachusetts_%28493360%29_%2810772382303%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Boston_from_the_Harbour%2C_Massachusetts_%28493360%29_%2810772382303%29.jpg/440px-Boston_from_the_Harbour%2C_Massachusetts_%28493360%29_%2810772382303%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3762" data-file-height="2118" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> word as die kulturele, opvoedkundige en historiese hoofstad van Nieu-Engeland beskou</figcaption></figure> <p>Setlaars van die Britse Eilande het hulle sedert die vroeë 17de eeu langs die Atlantiese kus gevestig. In die periode tussen die stigting van <a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_Virgini%C3%AB" title="Jamestown, Virginië">Jamestown</a> in <a href="/wiki/1607" title="1607">1607</a> en die Amerikaanse Onafhanklikheidsverklaring in die laat 18de eeu het die bevolking tot sowat vier miljoen mense aangewas, waarvan 90 persent van Engelse, Skotse en Ierse afkoms was. </p><p>Van die vroegste Engelse nedersettings in Nieu-Engeland is in <a href="/wiki/1620" title="1620">1620</a> deur die Pelgrimvaders (Engels: <i>Pilgrim Fathers</i>) gestig, wat met hul skip <i><a href="/wiki/Mayflower_(skip)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayflower (skip)">Mayflower</a></i> in die Massachusettsbaai, naby die huidige stad <a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Massachusetts" title="Plymouth, Massachusetts">Plymouth</a>, geland het. In die <a href="/wiki/17de_eeu" title="17de eeu">17de eeu</a> het Boston tot die belangrikste seehawe van <a href="/wiki/Noord-Amerika" title="Noord-Amerika">Noord-Amerika</a> ontwikkel, en dit was ook die plek waar met die beroemde <i><a href="/wiki/Boston_Teeparty" title="Boston Teeparty">Boston Tea Party</a></i> in die jaar <a href="/wiki/1773" title="1773">1773</a> die <a href="/wiki/Amerikaanse_Rewolusion%C3%AAre_Oorlog" class="mw-redirect" title="Amerikaanse Rewolusionêre Oorlog">Amerikaanse Rewolusionêre Oorlog</a> 'n aanvang geneem het. In die tydperk tussen 1620 en <a href="/wiki/1640" title="1640">1640</a> het meer as 15 000 setlaars op sowat 200 skepe na Nieu-Engeland geseil, en in die laasgenoemde jaar het die bevolking tot 25 000 mense gegroei. Die meeste immigrante het hulle aanvanklik in Massachusetts gevestig, maar klein gemeenskappe het op soek na goedkoper grond of meer vryhede in noordelike en suidelike rigting verhuis. Danksy hierdie setlaars is die kolonie <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> in <a href="/wiki/1634" title="1634">1634</a> gestig, terwyl ander immigrante na <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a> en <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> getrek het. Weens die felle weerstand van die plaaslike Eerste Nasies het gebiede soos New Hampshire aanvanklik net stadigaan ontwikkel. </p><p>Nieu-Engeland was 'n gepaste naam vir die gebied, aangesien die meeste setlaars van Engelse afkoms was. Van hulle het die meeste van die oostelike graafskappe (East Anglia) gekom, 'n vesting van die destydse Engelse puritanisme. </p><p>Die Nieu-Engelandstate word tans as die mees progressiewe deelstate van die VSA beskou, wat op die gebied van politieke en maatskaplike hervorming, van die afskaffing van die slawerny tot by die toelating van <a href="/wiki/Burgerlike_verbintenis" title="Burgerlike verbintenis">burgerlike verbintenisse</a>, steeds 'n pioniersrol speel. Met die tradisionele <i>town meetings</i> - dorpsvergaderings - word 'n element van direkte demokrasie bewaar. John Kerry, die <a href="/wiki/Demokratiese_Party_(Verenigde_State)" title="Demokratiese Party (Verenigde State)">Demokratiese Party</a> se kandidaat in die presidentsverkiesing van <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>, woon in Boston. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Die_Goue_Herfs_of_Indian_Summer">Die Goue Herfs of <i>Indian Summer</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Die Goue Herfs of Indian Summer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Die Goue Herfs of Indian Summer"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:NewEngland_Fall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/NewEngland_Fall.jpg/220px-NewEngland_Fall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/NewEngland_Fall.jpg/330px-NewEngland_Fall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/NewEngland_Fall.jpg/440px-NewEngland_Fall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3363" data-file-height="2111" /></a><figcaption>Die <a href="/wiki/Herfskleure" title="Herfskleure">herfskleure</a> van die <i>Indian Summer</i> in Stowe, Vermont</figcaption></figure> <p>Die <i>Indian Summer</i> is die besonderse natuurskouspel van die najaar, wat uniek is aan Nieu-Engeland en Kanada. Hierdie verskynsel kom net in 'n gebied voor waar daar winters met sneeu en koue is. Hier volg 'n stabiele hoogdrukstelsel op die reënstorms van die somer en die eerste ryp van die najaar, waarna die winterstorms uiteindelik begin. Tydens hierdie "<a href="/wiki/Herfskleure" title="Herfskleure">goue herfs</a>" begin die natuur gloei. </p><p>Volgens 'n ou Indiaanse legende is dit die bloed van 'n beer wat dood gemaak is en die bome se blare rooi verf. Vir die <a href="/wiki/Indiane" title="Indiane">Indiane</a> van toeka se tye begin in die herfs nie net die oestyd nie, maar ook die jagseisoen en die tyd wanneer die strydbyl opgeneem word. </p><p>Vandag lok die kleureprag toeriste, digters en kunstenaars, al is daar nou 'n wetenskaplike verklaring vir die natuurskouspel. Plante absorbeer die energie in lig met die groen pigment <a href="/wiki/Chlorofil" title="Chlorofil">chlorofil</a> wat tydens die somer in die blare oorheers. In die herfs word die chlorofil egter afgebreek, en die ander pigmente, wat in die blare voorkom, tree op die voorgrond - met gloeiende kleure van goud, geel, rooi en oranje. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Die_Franse_taal_in_Nieu-Engeland">Die Franse taal in Nieu-Engeland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Die Franse taal in Nieu-Engeland" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Die Franse taal in Nieu-Engeland"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:French_USC2000_PHS.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/French_USC2000_PHS.svg/220px-French_USC2000_PHS.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/French_USC2000_PHS.svg/330px-French_USC2000_PHS.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/French_USC2000_PHS.svg/440px-French_USC2000_PHS.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>Gebiede met beduidende Franssprekende gemeenskappe in die Verenigde State</figcaption></figure> <p>Die oorgrote meerderheid van Franssprekendes in Nieu-Engeland is uit die Kanadese provinsie Quebec afkomstig. Alhoewel ook onlangse immigrante uit Nova Scotia, Nieu-Brunswyk, Quebec en ander Franssprekende geweste in Kanada hulle hier gevestig het, is die meeste <i>Francos</i> in Nieu-Engeland afstammelinge van die sowat een miljoen immigrante uit Quebec wat tussen 1840 en 1930 hierheen geïmmigreer het. Die landbousektor in Quebec kon destyds nie meer voldoende werksgeleethede vir die vinniggroeiende bevolking skep nie, terwyl die industriële sektor in Nieu-Engeland deur 'n kroniese tekort aan mannekrag geknel is, en agente is na Kanada gestuur om werkers te werf. Baie van die immigrante het werk in die katoenmeulens of ander plaaslike nywerhede gekry. </p><p>In die periode tussen 1860 en 1880 het die eerste oorwegend Franssprekende nedersettings in Nieu-Engeland ontstaan wat tot die einde van die 19de eeu tot sogenaamde <i>Little Canadas</i> gegroei het. Groter Franssprekende gemeenskappe was onder meer in nywerheidstede soos Lowell, Salem en Worcester gekonsentreer. </p><p>Die <a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Franse</a> taal is teen die middel van die <a href="/wiki/20ste_eeu" title="20ste eeu">20ste eeu</a> nog steeds in Nieu-Engeland gebesig, alhoewel die agteruitgang van tradisionele nywerhede en die groei van die tersiêre sektor, wat gepaard gaan met maatskaplike veranderings, in 'n toenemende mate tot verengelsing gelei het. Die ou Franstalige woonbuurte het reeds lankal verdwyn. </p><p>Vandag word die grootste persentasie Franssprekende Kanadese immigrante in die noordelike deelstate Maine en New Hampshire aangetref. In terme van absolute getalle het Massachusetts die grootste frankofone bevolking. Dit is meestal ouer mense wat nog steeds Frans as omgangstaal praat, tog hou jongmense tenminste steeds aan die Franko-Amerikaanse kultuur en tradisies vas. Daar is 'n aantal Franse klubs wat as ontmoetingsplekke vir Franko-Kanadese en belangstellende Amerikaners en Franse dien. </p><p>Die agteruitgang van Frans het onder meer gepaard gegaan met die verdwyning van etniese parogie-skole ná die Tweede Wêreldoorlog. In Salem, MA was daar in 1960 nog sewe parogie-skole (waarvan drie vir Franko-Amerikaanse, twee vir Ierse en een respektiewelik vir Italiaanse en Poolse leerders). In 1995 het hiervan slegs een Franko-Amerikaanse parogie-skool met 238 leerders oorgebly.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hierdie soort skole word nie deur die staat befonds nie, en ook kerkgemeenskappe kan tans nie meer die onderhoud van skole bekostig nie sodat die finansiële las op ouers geplaas word - 'n belangrike faktor by die agteruitgang van etniese skole. </p><p>Op kulturele gebied het Franko-Kanadese geleidelik hul eie literatuur begin ontwikkel. Alhoewel die meeste skrywers van Engels gebruik maak en sodoende by die Engelse hoofstroomliteratuur van die Verenigde State en Kanada gereken word, identifiseer en definieer hulle hulself as Franko-Kanadese. In hul oë word hulle deur die Amerikaanse samelewing gemarginaliseer - met die skrywer Jack Kerouac as die bekendste voorbeeld. Sy kindheids-trilogie met die romans <i>Visions of Gérard</i>, <i>Doctor Sax</i> en <i>Maggie Cassady</i> speel hom in sy geboortestad Lowell in Massachusetts af. Net soos ander skrywers is Kerouac steeds <i>on the road</i> op soek na sy wortels wat vir goed verdwyn het. </p><p>Die aantal mense wat Frans as hulle moedertaal praat, het oor die afgelope drie dekades drasties verminder in Nieu-Engeland. </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="5" style="border-collapse: collapse;"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="cccccc"> <th>Jaar</th> <th>Moedertaalsprekers </th></tr> <tr> <td>1970</td> <td>906 000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980</td> <td>412 000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990</td> <td>339 000 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sien_ook">Sien ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Sien ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Sien ook"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nieu-Frankryk" title="Nieu-Frankryk">Nieu-Frankryk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nieu-Nederland" title="Nieu-Nederland">Nieu-Nederland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nieu-Spanje" title="Nieu-Spanje">Nieu-Spanje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nieu-Swede" title="Nieu-Swede">Nieu-Swede</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6BSjKdTeR?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/index.html">"<i>US Census Bureau</i>"</a>. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/index.html">die oorspronklike</a> op 16 Oktober 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">30 Januarie</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+Census+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fquickfacts.census.gov%2Fqfd%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ANieu-Engeland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110811203013/http://www.univ-nancy2.fr/UFRLCE/DepAnglais/cours/civi/FNE.html">"<i>Departement van Engels, Universiteit van Nancy, Frankryk: French in New England</i>"</a>. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.univ-nancy2.fr/UFRLCE/DepAnglais/cours/civi/FNE.html">die oorspronklike</a> op 11 Augustus 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">30 Januarie</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Departement+van+Engels%2C+Universiteit+van+Nancy%2C+Frankryk%3A+French+in+New+England&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.univ-nancy2.fr%2FUFRLCE%2FDepAnglais%2Fcours%2Fcivi%2FFNE.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ANieu-Engeland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18389&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18389&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18389" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb139458053">cb139458053</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb139458053">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4075306-2">4075306-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091260">sh85091260</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">NARA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045837">10045837</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge132331&CON_LNG=ENG">ge132331</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027589757">027589757</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ontsluit van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&oldid=2619730">https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&oldid=2619730</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Kategorie%C3%AB" title="Spesiaal:Kategorieë">Kategorieë</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Frans" title="Kategorie:Frans">Frans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Geskiedenis_van_Engeland" title="Kategorie:Geskiedenis van Engeland">Geskiedenis van Engeland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Geskiedenis_van_die_Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Kategorie:Geskiedenis van die Verenigde State van Amerika">Geskiedenis van die Verenigde State van Amerika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Nieu-Engeland" title="Kategorie:Nieu-Engeland">Nieu-Engeland</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Versteekte kategorieë: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_BNF-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met BNF-identifiseerders">Artikels met BNF-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_GND-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met GND-identifiseerders">Artikels met GND-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_LCCN-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met LCCN-identifiseerders">Artikels met LCCN-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_NARA-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met NARA-identifiseerders">Artikels met NARA-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_NKC-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met NKC-identifiseerders">Artikels met NKC-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_SUDOC-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met SUDOC-identifiseerders">Artikels met SUDOC-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Normdata_met_6_elemente" title="Kategorie:Normdata met 6 elemente">Normdata met 6 elemente</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Die bladsy is laas op 8 Oktober 2023 om 02:14 bygewerk.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Die teks is beskikbaar onder die lisensie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Erkenning-Insgelyks Deel</a>. Aanvullende voorwaardes kan moontlik ook van toepassing wees. Sien die <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Algemene Voorwaardes</a> vir meer inligting.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privaatheidsbeleid</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oor">Inligting oor Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Voorwaardes">Vrywaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Gedragskode</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Ontwikkelaars</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/af.wikipedia.org">Statistieke</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Koekieverklaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//af.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nieu-Engeland&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Selfoonweergawe</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-2d8xz","wgBackendResponseTime":163,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.133","walltime":"0.185","ppvisitednodes":{"value":264,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":7953,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":6,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":7913,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 140.469 1 -total"," 58.33% 81.938 1 Sjabloon:Verwysings"," 54.85% 77.043 2 Sjabloon:Cite_web"," 41.61% 58.443 1 Sjabloon:Normdata"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.081","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":2992596,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b786b4b4d-b5fwn","timestamp":"20241119012545","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Nieu-Engeland","url":"https:\/\/af.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nieu-Engeland","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q18389","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q18389","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-01-02T18:01:32Z","dateModified":"2023-10-08T02:14:36Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/14\/Collage_of_New_England_related_images_2.png"}</script> </body> </html>