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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">PEST</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">11 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>PEST</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/PEST">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1634650" data-work_id="1634650" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1634650/Quarantine_disinfestation_ofHass_avocados_against_Bactrocera_tryoni_d%C3%ADptera_tephritidae_with_a_hot_fungicide_dip_followed_by_cold_storage">Quarantine disinfestation of'Hass' avocados against Bactrocera tryoni (díptera: tephritidae) with a hot fungicide dip followed by cold storage</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1634650" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7e1e46dcafdda9ddd8abdfe9cfe7edd6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":16920699,"asset_id":1634650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/16920699/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1056063" href="https://sydney.academia.edu/AndrewJessup">Andrew Jessup</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1056063" type="text/json">{"id":1056063,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Jessup","domain_name":"sydney","page_name":"AndrewJessup","display_name":"Andrew Jessup","profile_url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AndrewJessup?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1056063/364435/166077264/s65_andrew.jessup.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1634650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1634650"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1634650, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1634650", }); 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The feeding biology of these insects is unique in terms of their high feeding rates... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4025548" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Xylophagous leafhopppers are common and abundant insects of tropical and subtropical environments and play important ecological roles in these ecosystems. The feeding biology of these insects is unique in terms of their high feeding rates and a digestive physiology that allows them to assimilate amino acids, organic acids, and sugars at approximately 99% efficiency. For those species well studied, fluctuations in plant xylem chemistry and tension appear to determine the diurnal and seasonal use of their host plants. Relatively few species of xylem fluid-feeding leafhoppers are considered important pests in commercial agriculture, as they transmit the bacterial plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa. X. fastidiosa induces diseases of grapevines, citrus, coffee, almond, alfalfa, stone fruits, landscape ornamentals, and native hardwoods for which there is no cure. Two Xylella diseases, citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) and Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevines, have emerged as important issues within the past decade. In Brazil, CVC became important in the early 1990s and has now expanded throughout many citrus-growing areas of South America and threatens to spread to North America. The recent establishment of the exotic glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca coagulata) in California now threatens much of the United States' wine grape, table grape, and almond production. The spread of H. coagulata throughout southern California and the spread of CVC northward from Argentina through Brazil exemplifies the biological risks from exotic species. The occurrence and epidemiology of leafhopper-vectored Xylella diseases are discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4025548" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="073d80935cc6b7f4f288e234ccdd50bc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50075196,"asset_id":4025548,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50075196/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4837615" href="https://independent.academia.edu/joaolopes2">joao lopes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4837615" type="text/json">{"id":4837615,"first_name":"joao","last_name":"lopes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"joaolopes2","display_name":"joao lopes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/joaolopes2?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4025548 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4025548"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4025548, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4025548", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4025548]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4025548").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4025548").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4025548"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="178" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entomology">Entomology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="178" type="text/json">{"id":178,"name":"Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entomology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1085" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology">Epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1085" type="text/json">{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53344" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluid">Fluid</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="53344" type="text/json">{"id":53344,"name":"Fluid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluid?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4025548]'), work: {"id":4025548,"title":"THE BIOLOGY OF XYLEM FLUID-FEEDING INSECT VECTORS OF XYLELLA FASTIDIOSA AND THEIR RELATION TO DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY","created_at":"2013-07-14T03:38:13.717-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4025548/THE_BIOLOGY_OF_XYLEM_FLUID_FEEDING_INSECT_VECTORS_OF_XYLELLA_FASTIDIOSA_AND_THEIR_RELATION_TO_DISEASE_EPIDEMIOLOGY?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_4025548","summary":"Xylophagous leafhopppers are common and abundant insects of tropical and subtropical environments and play important ecological roles in these ecosystems. The feeding biology of these insects is unique in terms of their high feeding rates and a digestive physiology that allows them to assimilate amino acids, organic acids, and sugars at approximately 99% efficiency. For those species well studied, fluctuations in plant xylem chemistry and tension appear to determine the diurnal and seasonal use of their host plants. Relatively few species of xylem fluid-feeding leafhoppers are considered important pests in commercial agriculture, as they transmit the bacterial plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa. X. fastidiosa induces diseases of grapevines, citrus, coffee, almond, alfalfa, stone fruits, landscape ornamentals, and native hardwoods for which there is no cure. Two Xylella diseases, citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) and Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevines, have emerged as important issues within the past decade. In Brazil, CVC became important in the early 1990s and has now expanded throughout many citrus-growing areas of South America and threatens to spread to North America. The recent establishment of the exotic glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca coagulata) in California now threatens much of the United States' wine grape, table grape, and almond production. The spread of H. coagulata throughout southern California and the spread of CVC northward from Argentina through Brazil exemplifies the biological risks from exotic species. The occurrence and epidemiology of leafhopper-vectored Xylella diseases are discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50075196,"asset_id":4025548,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4837615,"first_name":"joao","last_name":"lopes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"joaolopes2","display_name":"joao lopes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/joaolopes2?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":178,"name":"Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entomology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":53344,"name":"Fluid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluid?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":66973,"name":"Plant diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_diseases?f_ri=280967"},{"id":113903,"name":"Bacteria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacteria?f_ri=280967"},{"id":126935,"name":"Xylem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Xylem?f_ri=280967"},{"id":142138,"name":"Host-parasite interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host-parasite_interactions?f_ri=280967"},{"id":211746,"name":"Hemiptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hemiptera?f_ri=280967"},{"id":220614,"name":"Citrus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Citrus?f_ri=280967"},{"id":226774,"name":"VECTOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VECTOR?f_ri=280967"},{"id":245188,"name":"Reviews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reviews?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":607004,"name":"Xylella","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Xylella?f_ri=280967"},{"id":649451,"name":"Seasons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasons?f_ri=280967"},{"id":651380,"name":"Vitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vitis?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1171986,"name":"Xylella Fastidiosa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Xylella_Fastidiosa?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2002363,"name":"Insect Vectors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Insect_Vectors?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10460550" data-work_id="10460550" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10460550/A_qualitative_examination_of_the_social_practices_and_representations_towards_a_species_of_endangered_tortoise">A qualitative examination of the social practices and representations towards a species of endangered tortoise</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Context. Understanding how people view, think and talk about wildlife and the link between wildlife and human behaviour are important for wildlife management to be effective. In this paper, we used the notion of social representations to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10460550" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Context. Understanding how people view, think and talk about wildlife and the link between wildlife and human behaviour are important for wildlife management to be effective. In this paper, we used the notion of social representations to understand people's behaviour towards wildlife. We qualitatively studied social representations relating to the keeping in captivity of the endangered tortoise Testudo graeca in south-east Spain.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10460550" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cec5fe8eb3c0b164a5c9e05b911abfb2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47375927,"asset_id":10460550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47375927/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25676142" href="https://upv-ehu.academia.edu/IreneP%C3%A9rez">Irene Pérez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25676142" type="text/json">{"id":25676142,"first_name":"Irene","last_name":"Pérez","domain_name":"upv-ehu","page_name":"IrenePérez","display_name":"Irene Pérez","profile_url":"https://upv-ehu.academia.edu/IreneP%C3%A9rez?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10460550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10460550"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10460550, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10460550", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10460550]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10460550").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10460550").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10460550"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management">Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38" type="text/json">{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2809" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation">Conservation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2809" type="text/json">{"id":2809,"name":"Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17825" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity">Biodiversity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17825" type="text/json">{"id":17825,"name":"Biodiversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22413" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Conservation">Wildlife Conservation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22413" type="text/json">{"id":22413,"name":"Wildlife Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10460550]'), work: {"id":10460550,"title":"A qualitative examination of the social practices and representations towards a species of endangered tortoise","created_at":"2015-02-02T11:55:45.310-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10460550/A_qualitative_examination_of_the_social_practices_and_representations_towards_a_species_of_endangered_tortoise?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_10460550","summary":"Context. Understanding how people view, think and talk about wildlife and the link between wildlife and human behaviour are important for wildlife management to be effective. In this paper, we used the notion of social representations to understand people's behaviour towards wildlife. 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In this study we evaluated the current zoning plan for its capacity to protect marine turtles from commercial trawling and netting activities at nesting sites and at inshore and offshore foraging areas to assess whether the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority met their obligations under the Representative Areas Program (RAP). We found that protection from commercial fisheries increased within 5-and 10-km buffer zones of all very-high, high-and medium-priority nesting sites that were previously less than 100% protected. However, three very-high-priority sites and six high-priority sites remain less than 100% protected out to 5 km, falling short of the objectives of the RAP. There were variable increases in protection at foraging areas; however, each of them increased in the proportion of area protected from commercial fishing, fulfilling the objectives of the RAP. By using a broader-scale fisheries by-catch dataset as a proxy for turtle abundance we found that improvements in protection are not species-specific and can be attributed to the step-wise increases in protection since the mid 1990s.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/56646989" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="983aba1ca2aa575b49b78d566879c5d4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71930553,"asset_id":56646989,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71930553/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59287052" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JamesMoloney4">James Moloney</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59287052" type="text/json">{"id":59287052,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Moloney","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JamesMoloney4","display_name":"James Moloney","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JamesMoloney4?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59287052/33548502/29849077/s65_james.moloney.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_56646989 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="56646989"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 56646989, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_56646989", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=56646989]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_56646989").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_56646989").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="56646989"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management">Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38" type="text/json">{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2809" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation">Conservation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2809" type="text/json">{"id":2809,"name":"Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17825" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity">Biodiversity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17825" type="text/json">{"id":17825,"name":"Biodiversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22413" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Conservation">Wildlife Conservation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22413" type="text/json">{"id":22413,"name":"Wildlife Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=56646989]'), work: {"id":56646989,"title":"Rezoning of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area: does it afford greater protection for marine turtles?","created_at":"2021-10-08T13:56:38.812-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/56646989/Rezoning_of_the_Great_Barrier_Reef_World_Heritage_Area_does_it_afford_greater_protection_for_marine_turtles?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_56646989","summary":"In 2004 the Australian Government implemented a revised zone-based management plan for the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area to increase protection of representative areas while minimising the impacts to the economic viability of important industries. In this study we evaluated the current zoning plan for its capacity to protect marine turtles from commercial trawling and netting activities at nesting sites and at inshore and offshore foraging areas to assess whether the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority met their obligations under the Representative Areas Program (RAP). We found that protection from commercial fisheries increased within 5-and 10-km buffer zones of all very-high, high-and medium-priority nesting sites that were previously less than 100% protected. However, three very-high-priority sites and six high-priority sites remain less than 100% protected out to 5 km, falling short of the objectives of the RAP. There were variable increases in protection at foraging areas; however, each of them increased in the proportion of area protected from commercial fishing, fulfilling the objectives of the RAP. By using a broader-scale fisheries by-catch dataset as a proxy for turtle abundance we found that improvements in protection are not species-specific and can be attributed to the step-wise increases in protection since the mid 1990s.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71930553,"asset_id":56646989,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59287052,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Moloney","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JamesMoloney4","display_name":"James Moloney","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JamesMoloney4?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59287052/33548502/29849077/s65_james.moloney.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":2809,"name":"Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":17825,"name":"Biodiversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":22413,"name":"Wildlife Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":45303,"name":"Marine Turtles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Turtles?f_ri=280967"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":80872,"name":"Scientific","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scientific?f_ri=280967"},{"id":109828,"name":"Fauna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fauna?f_ri=280967"},{"id":113579,"name":"Wildlife","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife?f_ri=280967"},{"id":133572,"name":"Wildlife Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Management?f_ri=280967"},{"id":239605,"name":"Introduced species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Introduced_species?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":282140,"name":"Great Barrier Reef","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Barrier_Reef?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50857419" data-work_id="50857419" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50857419/%C3%89tude_des_interactions_entre_Sesbania_rostrata_Hirschmanniella_oryzae_et_les_rendements_du_riz">Étude des interactions entre Sesbania rostrata, Hirschmanniella oryzae et les rendements du riz</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">=SUME L'effet engrais vert du Sesbania rostrata sur les rendements du riz est confirmé. L'effet ((piège)) de cette plante vis-à-vis du nématode Hirschmanniella o yzae l'est également, mais ne provoque pas d'augmentations des rendements du... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50857419" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">=SUME L'effet engrais vert du Sesbania rostrata sur les rendements du riz est confirmé. L'effet ((piège)) de cette plante vis-à-vis du nématode Hirschmanniella o yzae l'est également, mais ne provoque pas d'augmentations des rendements du riz comparables à celles imputées à l'apport d'azote. La nocuité d'HirschmannieZla oyzae vis-à-vis de Sesbania rostrata est constatée. SUMMARY Study of interrelationships between Sesbania rostrata, Hirschmanniella oryzae and rice yields Sesbania rostrata green manure effect on rice yield is confirmed. Plant trap crop action against Hirschmanniella o y z a e is also confirmed, but can't cause yield increase comparable with green manure's one. Pathogenicity of H. o yzae on S. rostrata is noted.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50857419" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="efd47cc83ba827734f4d5b679ceb8954" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68733251,"asset_id":50857419,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68733251/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16916358" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AntoinePariselle">Antoine Pariselle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16916358" type="text/json">{"id":16916358,"first_name":"Antoine","last_name":"Pariselle","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AntoinePariselle","display_name":"Antoine Pariselle","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AntoinePariselle?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50857419 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50857419"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50857419, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50857419", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50857419 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50857419; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50857419"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50857419 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50857419"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50857419; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50857419]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50857419").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50857419").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50857419"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="129121" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yield">Yield</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="129121" type="text/json">{"id":129121,"name":"Yield","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yield?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="245567" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Manure">Green Manure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="245567" type="text/json">{"id":245567,"name":"Green Manure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Manure?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="280967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST">PEST</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="280967" type="text/json">{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="429427" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gramineae">Gramineae</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="429427" type="text/json">{"id":429427,"name":"Gramineae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gramineae?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50857419]'), work: {"id":50857419,"title":"Étude des interactions entre Sesbania rostrata, Hirschmanniella oryzae et les rendements du riz","created_at":"2021-08-13T13:52:27.223-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50857419/%C3%89tude_des_interactions_entre_Sesbania_rostrata_Hirschmanniella_oryzae_et_les_rendements_du_riz?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_50857419","summary":"=SUME L'effet engrais vert du Sesbania rostrata sur les rendements du riz est confirmé. L'effet ((piège)) de cette plante vis-à-vis du nématode Hirschmanniella o yzae l'est également, mais ne provoque pas d'augmentations des rendements du riz comparables à celles imputées à l'apport d'azote. La nocuité d'HirschmannieZla oyzae vis-à-vis de Sesbania rostrata est constatée. SUMMARY Study of interrelationships between Sesbania rostrata, Hirschmanniella oryzae and rice yields Sesbania rostrata green manure effect on rice yield is confirmed. Plant trap crop action against Hirschmanniella o y z a e is also confirmed, but can't cause yield increase comparable with green manure's one. Pathogenicity of H. o yzae on S. rostrata is noted.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68733251,"asset_id":50857419,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16916358,"first_name":"Antoine","last_name":"Pariselle","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AntoinePariselle","display_name":"Antoine Pariselle","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AntoinePariselle?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":129121,"name":"Yield","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yield?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":245567,"name":"Green Manure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Manure?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":429427,"name":"Gramineae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gramineae?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":3510160,"name":"Tropical Zone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Zone?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30746716" data-work_id="30746716" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30746716/Modelling_coupled_peach_tree_aphid_population_dynamics_and_their_control_by_winter_pruning_and_nitrogen_fertilization">Modelling coupled peach tree–aphid population dynamics and their control by winter pruning and nitrogen fertilization</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nitrogen fertilization and winter pruning are commonly used to control crop production in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] orchards. They are also known to affect the dynamics of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) aphid... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30746716" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nitrogen fertilization and winter pruning are commonly used to control crop production in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] orchards. They are also known to affect the dynamics of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) aphid populations via bottom-up regulation processes. Interactions between crops and pests can cause complex system behaviour in response to management practices. An integrated approach will therefore improve the understanding of the effects of these two cultural practices on aphid and peach performances.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30746716" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f861b9c2dbb1478698063b3b17db5629" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51188577,"asset_id":30746716,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51188577/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58548880" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NadineHilgert">Nadine Hilgert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58548880" type="text/json">{"id":58548880,"first_name":"Nadine","last_name":"Hilgert","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NadineHilgert","display_name":"Nadine Hilgert","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NadineHilgert?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30746716 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30746716"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30746716, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30746716", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30746716]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30746716").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30746716").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30746716"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">30</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4306" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_Management">Pest Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4306" type="text/json">{"id":4306,"name":"Pest Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6177" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling">Modeling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6177" type="text/json">{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9032" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interaction">Interaction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9032" type="text/json">{"id":9032,"name":"Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interaction?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11417" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Dynamics">Population Dynamics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11417" type="text/json">{"id":11417,"name":"Population Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Dynamics?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30746716]'), work: {"id":30746716,"title":"Modelling coupled peach tree–aphid population dynamics and their control by winter pruning and nitrogen fertilization","created_at":"2017-01-04T12:41:03.957-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30746716/Modelling_coupled_peach_tree_aphid_population_dynamics_and_their_control_by_winter_pruning_and_nitrogen_fertilization?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_30746716","summary":"Nitrogen fertilization and winter pruning are commonly used to control crop production in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] orchards. They are also known to affect the dynamics of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) aphid populations via bottom-up regulation processes. Interactions between crops and pests can cause complex system behaviour in response to management practices. An integrated approach will therefore improve the understanding of the effects of these two cultural practices on aphid and peach performances.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51188577,"asset_id":30746716,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58548880,"first_name":"Nadine","last_name":"Hilgert","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NadineHilgert","display_name":"Nadine Hilgert","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NadineHilgert?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4306,"name":"Pest Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":9032,"name":"Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interaction?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":11417,"name":"Population Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Dynamics?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=280967"},{"id":28697,"name":"Ecological Modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Modelling?f_ri=280967"},{"id":54501,"name":"Complex System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_System?f_ri=280967"},{"id":65140,"name":"Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models?f_ri=280967"},{"id":139656,"name":"Crop Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crop_Production?f_ri=280967"},{"id":158745,"name":"Compensatory Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Compensatory_Growth?f_ri=280967"},{"id":162298,"name":"Cultural Practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Practice?f_ri=280967"},{"id":162620,"name":"Ecological","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological?f_ri=280967"},{"id":202017,"name":"Integrated Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Management?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":285086,"name":"Integrated Approach","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Approach?f_ri=280967"},{"id":347940,"name":"Nitrogen Fertilizer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen_Fertilizer?f_ri=280967"},{"id":354821,"name":"Myzus persicae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myzus_persicae?f_ri=280967"},{"id":395268,"name":"Fruit Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fruit_Production?f_ri=280967"},{"id":422088,"name":"Management Practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management_Practice?f_ri=280967"},{"id":800515,"name":"Long Term Effect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Effect?f_ri=280967"},{"id":838716,"name":"Interactive Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interactive_Simulation?f_ri=280967"},{"id":904692,"name":"Bottom Up","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bottom_Up?f_ri=280967"},{"id":960919,"name":"Fruit Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fruit_Quality?f_ri=280967"},{"id":965759,"name":"Prunus Persica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prunus_Persica?f_ri=280967"},{"id":968796,"name":"Pruning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pruning?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1208732,"name":"Simulation Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Simulation_Model?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1237825,"name":"Population dynamic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_dynamic?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1682786,"name":"Control Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Method?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1835952,"name":"Aphid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aphid?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2428226,"name":"Cultural Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Control?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10528337" data-work_id="10528337" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10528337/Performance_of_pine_looper_Bupalus_piniarius_larvae_under_population_build_up_conditions">Performance of pine looper Bupalus piniarius larvae under population build-up conditions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the first year of an outbreak, Bupalus piniarius larvae, encounter intense crowding. In the later stages of larval development, they are forced to feed on the non-preferred current-year needles of Scots pine or even on alternative... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10528337" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the first year of an outbreak, Bupalus piniarius larvae, encounter intense crowding. In the later stages of larval development, they are forced to feed on the non-preferred current-year needles of Scots pine or even on alternative hosts. It was hypothesized that larval feeding on a non-preferred resource (current-year needles) will negatively affect B. piniarius performance. It was also hypothesized that larval mutual interference (crowding without competition for food) will have negative additive effects. These hypotheses were tested in laboratory and field experiments. Fourth instar larvae were reared singly and under crowded conditions in cohorts of ten. Larvae in both situations were reared on control branches (containing both mature and current-year shoots) and branches containing only current-year shoots. Crowded larvae were reared also on Norway spruce, an alternative host. Crowding and feeding on a non-preferred resource had opposite effects on B. piniarius larval performance. Crowding in the late larval instars enhanced larval performance while absence of the preferred resource had negative effects. Larval growth rate was higher and development time was shorter for larvae exposed to crowded conditions than for solitary larvae. There was, however, no difference between the groups in final pupal weights or survival. Survival was 25% lower for larvae feeding on non-preferred current-year needles and pupal weights 9% lower, compared with results for larvae feeding on mature needles. Larvae feeding on Norway spruce suffered greatly extended development time, 82% lower survival, and resulted in 60% lighter pupae compared with conspecifics on Scots pine. It was concluded that not only quantity but also quality of the available food resource is critical for B. piniarius development.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10528337" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9308511bb27cd5f8605c0b7a195afb0a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47324134,"asset_id":10528337,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47324134/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25802871" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Agnis%C5%A0mits">Agnis Šmits</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25802871" type="text/json">{"id":25802871,"first_name":"Agnis","last_name":"Šmits","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AgnisŠmits","display_name":"Agnis Šmits","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Agnis%C5%A0mits?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10528337 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10528337"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10528337, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10528337", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10528337 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10528337; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10528337"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10528337 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10528337"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10528337; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10528337]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10528337").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10528337").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10528337"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31356" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31356" type="text/json">{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="124862" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crowding">Crowding</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="124862" type="text/json">{"id":124862,"name":"Crowding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crowding?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="187908" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Growth">Population Growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="187908" type="text/json">{"id":187908,"name":"Population Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Growth?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10528337]'), work: {"id":10528337,"title":"Performance of pine looper Bupalus piniarius larvae under population build-up conditions","created_at":"2015-02-04T23:22:31.863-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10528337/Performance_of_pine_looper_Bupalus_piniarius_larvae_under_population_build_up_conditions?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_10528337","summary":"In the first year of an outbreak, Bupalus piniarius larvae, encounter intense crowding. In the later stages of larval development, they are forced to feed on the non-preferred current-year needles of Scots pine or even on alternative hosts. It was hypothesized that larval feeding on a non-preferred resource (current-year needles) will negatively affect B. piniarius performance. It was also hypothesized that larval mutual interference (crowding without competition for food) will have negative additive effects. These hypotheses were tested in laboratory and field experiments. Fourth instar larvae were reared singly and under crowded conditions in cohorts of ten. Larvae in both situations were reared on control branches (containing both mature and current-year shoots) and branches containing only current-year shoots. Crowded larvae were reared also on Norway spruce, an alternative host. Crowding and feeding on a non-preferred resource had opposite effects on B. piniarius larval performance. Crowding in the late larval instars enhanced larval performance while absence of the preferred resource had negative effects. Larval growth rate was higher and development time was shorter for larvae exposed to crowded conditions than for solitary larvae. There was, however, no difference between the groups in final pupal weights or survival. Survival was 25% lower for larvae feeding on non-preferred current-year needles and pupal weights 9% lower, compared with results for larvae feeding on mature needles. Larvae feeding on Norway spruce suffered greatly extended development time, 82% lower survival, and resulted in 60% lighter pupae compared with conspecifics on Scots pine. It was concluded that not only quantity but also quality of the available food resource is critical for B. piniarius development.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47324134,"asset_id":10528337,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25802871,"first_name":"Agnis","last_name":"Šmits","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AgnisŠmits","display_name":"Agnis Šmits","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Agnis%C5%A0mits?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":124862,"name":"Crowding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crowding?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":187908,"name":"Population Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Growth?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":442493,"name":"Larva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Larva?f_ri=280967"},{"id":843856,"name":"Ecological Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Applications?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29562195" data-work_id="29562195" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29562195/Systemin_and_jasmonic_acid_regulate_constitutive_and_herbivore_induced_systemic_volatile_emissions_in_tomato_Solanum_lycopersicum">Systemin and jasmonic acid regulate constitutive and herbivore-induced systemic volatile emissions in tomato, Solanum lycopersicum</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants that overexpress the Prosystemin gene (35S::PS) and plants with a mutation in the JA biosynthetic pathway (def1) are known to exhibit a constitutive or reduced wound response, respectively.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29562195" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants that overexpress the Prosystemin gene (35S::PS) and plants with a mutation in the JA biosynthetic pathway (def1) are known to exhibit a constitutive or reduced wound response, respectively. Here it is demonstrated that several independent 35S::PS lines emit high levels of specific volatiles in addition to increased accumulation of proteinase inhibitors (PIs). Furthermore, the temporal dynamics of systemically induced volatile compounds including green-leaf volatiles, terpenes, and shikimic acid-derivatives from 35S::PS and def1 plants in response to herbivore wounding and treatment with jasmonic acid (JA) are described. Application of JA induced defense protein accumulation and volatile emissions in wild type plants, but did not further increase systemic volatile emissions from 35S::PS plants. Wounding by Manduca sexta larvae induced synthesis of defense proteins and emission of volatiles in wild type plants, but not in def1 plants. Application of jasmonic acid restored the local and systemic accumulation of defense proteins in def1, as well as enhanced herbivore-induced volatile emissions. These results provide strong support for the role of prosysteminand JA-signaling in the regulation of volatile emissions in tomato plants.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29562195" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f6a9e302fc79f7f0e9d5568881d26649" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50004633,"asset_id":29562195,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50004633/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="55763380" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HindSarah">Sarah Hind</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="55763380" type="text/json">{"id":55763380,"first_name":"Sarah","last_name":"Hind","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HindSarah","display_name":"Sarah Hind","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HindSarah?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29562195 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29562195"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29562195, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29562195", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29562195]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29562195").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29562195").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29562195"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">23</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3057" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phytochemistry">Phytochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3057" type="text/json">{"id":3057,"name":"Phytochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phytochemistry?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28501" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temporal_dynamics">Temporal dynamics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28501" type="text/json">{"id":28501,"name":"Temporal dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temporal_dynamics?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31356" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31356" type="text/json">{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43031" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutive_Modeling">Constitutive Modeling</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="43031" type="text/json">{"id":43031,"name":"Constitutive Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutive_Modeling?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29562195]'), work: {"id":29562195,"title":"Systemin and jasmonic acid regulate constitutive and herbivore-induced systemic volatile emissions in tomato, Solanum lycopersicum","created_at":"2016-10-31T05:31:30.190-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29562195/Systemin_and_jasmonic_acid_regulate_constitutive_and_herbivore_induced_systemic_volatile_emissions_in_tomato_Solanum_lycopersicum?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_29562195","summary":"Transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants that overexpress the Prosystemin gene (35S::PS) and plants with a mutation in the JA biosynthetic pathway (def1) are known to exhibit a constitutive or reduced wound response, respectively. Here it is demonstrated that several independent 35S::PS lines emit high levels of specific volatiles in addition to increased accumulation of proteinase inhibitors (PIs). Furthermore, the temporal dynamics of systemically induced volatile compounds including green-leaf volatiles, terpenes, and shikimic acid-derivatives from 35S::PS and def1 plants in response to herbivore wounding and treatment with jasmonic acid (JA) are described. Application of JA induced defense protein accumulation and volatile emissions in wild type plants, but did not further increase systemic volatile emissions from 35S::PS plants. Wounding by Manduca sexta larvae induced synthesis of defense proteins and emission of volatiles in wild type plants, but not in def1 plants. Application of jasmonic acid restored the local and systemic accumulation of defense proteins in def1, as well as enhanced herbivore-induced volatile emissions. These results provide strong support for the role of prosysteminand JA-signaling in the regulation of volatile emissions in tomato plants.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50004633,"asset_id":29562195,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":55763380,"first_name":"Sarah","last_name":"Hind","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HindSarah","display_name":"Sarah Hind","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HindSarah?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3057,"name":"Phytochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phytochemistry?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":28501,"name":"Temporal dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temporal_dynamics?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":43031,"name":"Constitutive Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutive_Modeling?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":93418,"name":"Volatile Organic Compounds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volatile_Organic_Compounds?f_ri=280967"},{"id":151086,"name":"Peptides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peptides?f_ri=280967"},{"id":188240,"name":"Tomato","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tomato?f_ri=280967"},{"id":242013,"name":"TERPENE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TERPENE?f_ri=280967"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":442493,"name":"Larva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Larva?f_ri=280967"},{"id":637499,"name":"Volatiles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volatiles?f_ri=280967"},{"id":755504,"name":"Manduca","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manduca?f_ri=280967"},{"id":809882,"name":"Base Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Base_Sequence?f_ri=280967"},{"id":880714,"name":"Induced Defense","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Induced_Defense?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1033308,"name":"Solanum Lycopersicum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solanum_Lycopersicum?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1431633,"name":"Chemical Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Structure?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1640340,"name":"Lycopersicon esculentum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lycopersicon_esculentum?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1685175,"name":"Volatile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volatile?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1724844,"name":"Molecular Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Structure?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1891270,"name":"Jasmonic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jasmonic_Acid?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1898597,"name":"Volatile Compounds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volatile_Compounds?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26729766 coauthored" data-work_id="26729766" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26729766/The_effect_of_wheat_grain_composition_cuticular_lipids_and_kernel_surface_microstructure_on_feeding_egg_laying_and_the_development_of_the_granary_weevil_Sitophilus_granarius_L_">The effect of wheat grain composition, cuticular lipids and kernel surface microstructure on feeding, egg-laying, and the development of the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Adult feeding intensity, oviposition, and larval development of Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) were observed on grain from three Polish wheat varieties (Begra, Korweta, and LGR 896/64a) washed with petroleum ether to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26729766" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Adult feeding intensity, oviposition, and larval development of Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) were observed on grain from three Polish wheat varieties (Begra, Korweta, and LGR 896/64a) washed with petroleum ether to remove cuticular lipids. Extraction of lipids did not cause any statistically significant changes in the physicochemical, biochemical and technological (milling, rheological and baking) properties of the wheat grain studied. Wheat grain washed with petroleum ether did not show any visible changes in the surface and morphology of the outer layer of the wheat grain. However, differences were noted in the microstructure of the kernel surface. Grain with a thicker seed coat (LGR 896/64a) was infested at a lower rate than the other varieties. Of the 18 hydrocarbons extracted from the grain surface, three compounds e n-heptacosane (C 27 ), n-nonacosane (C 29 ) and n-hentriacontane (C 31 ) e were found in significant amounts. In general, beetles produced 64e95% less dust and laid 7e16% fewer eggs in kernels from which cuticular lipids had been removed. This implies that these compounds have a major role in food selection and the search for an oviposition site prior to grain infestation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26729766" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cd090a4b84d18dd65e894606e775f4fe" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47009502,"asset_id":26729766,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47009502/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50725518" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MGawlak">Magdalena Gawlak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50725518" type="text/json">{"id":50725518,"first_name":"Magdalena","last_name":"Gawlak","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MGawlak","display_name":"Magdalena Gawlak","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MGawlak?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-26729766">+3</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-26729766"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/JanNawrot">Jan Nawrot</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/TJeli%C5%84ski">Tomasz Jeliński</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/DorotaPiaseckaKwiatkowska">Dorota Piasecka-Kwiatkowska</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-26729766'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-26729766').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26729766 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26729766"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26729766; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26729766]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26729766").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26729766").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26729766"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2161" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure">Microstructure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2161" type="text/json">{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="125564" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance">Statistical Significance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="125564" type="text/json">{"id":125564,"name":"Statistical Significance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="202430" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seed_Coat">Seed Coat</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="202430" type="text/json">{"id":202430,"name":"Seed Coat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seed_Coat?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26729766]'), work: {"id":26729766,"title":"The effect of wheat grain composition, cuticular lipids and kernel surface microstructure on feeding, egg-laying, and the development of the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.)","created_at":"2016-07-04T13:27:02.337-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26729766/The_effect_of_wheat_grain_composition_cuticular_lipids_and_kernel_surface_microstructure_on_feeding_egg_laying_and_the_development_of_the_granary_weevil_Sitophilus_granarius_L_?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_26729766","summary":"Adult feeding intensity, oviposition, and larval development of Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) were observed on grain from three Polish wheat varieties (Begra, Korweta, and LGR 896/64a) washed with petroleum ether to remove cuticular lipids. Extraction of lipids did not cause any statistically significant changes in the physicochemical, biochemical and technological (milling, rheological and baking) properties of the wheat grain studied. Wheat grain washed with petroleum ether did not show any visible changes in the surface and morphology of the outer layer of the wheat grain. However, differences were noted in the microstructure of the kernel surface. Grain with a thicker seed coat (LGR 896/64a) was infested at a lower rate than the other varieties. Of the 18 hydrocarbons extracted from the grain surface, three compounds e n-heptacosane (C 27 ), n-nonacosane (C 29 ) and n-hentriacontane (C 31 ) e were found in significant amounts. In general, beetles produced 64e95% less dust and laid 7e16% fewer eggs in kernels from which cuticular lipids had been removed. This implies that these compounds have a major role in food selection and the search for an oviposition site prior to grain infestation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47009502,"asset_id":26729766,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50725518,"first_name":"Magdalena","last_name":"Gawlak","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MGawlak","display_name":"Magdalena Gawlak","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MGawlak?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":50736368,"first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Nawrot","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JanNawrot","display_name":"Jan Nawrot","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JanNawrot?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":50786743,"first_name":"Tomasz","last_name":"Jeliński","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TJeliński","display_name":"Tomasz Jeliński","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TJeli%C5%84ski?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33291765,"first_name":"Dorota","last_name":"Piasecka-Kwiatkowska","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DorotaPiaseckaKwiatkowska","display_name":"Dorota Piasecka-Kwiatkowska","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DorotaPiaseckaKwiatkowska?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":125564,"name":"Statistical Significance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":202430,"name":"Seed 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$(".js-view-count-work_12526810").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12526810"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31356" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31356" type="text/json">{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="82145" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virus">Virus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="82145" type="text/json">{"id":82145,"name":"Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virus?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="121939" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technique">Technique</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="121939" type="text/json">{"id":121939,"name":"Technique","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technique?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12526810]'), work: {"id":12526810,"title":"Volumes Ingested by Four Species of Noctuids with 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Fuxa","profile_url":"https://lsu.academia.edu/JamesFuxa?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31415593/13175065/14473165/s65_james.fuxa.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":82145,"name":"Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virus?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":121939,"name":"Technique","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technique?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":143335,"name":"Volume","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volume?f_ri=280967"},{"id":146990,"name":"Invertebrate 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data-work_id="76133550" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76133550/Insecticide_Resistance_and_Dominance_Levels">Insecticide Resistance and Dominance Levels</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dominance has been assessed in different ways in insecticide resistance studies, based on three phenotypic traits: the insecticide concentration required to give a particular mortality (D LC ), mortality at a particular insecticide dose... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76133550" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dominance has been assessed in different ways in insecticide resistance studies, based on three phenotypic traits: the insecticide concentration required to give a particular mortality (D LC ), mortality at a particular insecticide dose (D ML ), and Þtness in treated areas (D WT ). We propose a general formula for estimating dominance on a scale of 0 to 1 (0 ϭ complete recessivity and 1 ϭ complete dominance). D LC , D ML , and D WT are not directly related and their values depend on genetic background and environmental conditions. We also show that pest management strategies can have the consequence to increase D WT via the selection of dominance modiÞers. Studies on resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins provide the ultimate example of the complexity of the deÞnition of the concept of dominance. Almost all studies have focused on calculation of D LC , which provides little information about the efÞciency of pest management programs. For instance, one assumption of the high dose/refuge strategy is that Bacillus thuringiensis resistance must be effectively recessive (i.e., D ML must be close to zero). However, D WT , rather than D ML , is relevant to the resistance management strategy. Therefore, we strongly suggest that the time has come to focus on Þtness dominance levels in the presence and absence of insecticide.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76133550" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="edec1b51d6939fc4edfdd72d95a3325b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83801890,"asset_id":76133550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83801890/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66384550" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichelRaymond7">Michel Raymond</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66384550" type="text/json">{"id":66384550,"first_name":"Michel","last_name":"Raymond","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichelRaymond7","display_name":"Michel Raymond","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichelRaymond7?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76133550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76133550"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76133550, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76133550", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76133550]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76133550").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76133550").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76133550"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism">Polymorphism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3855" type="text/json">{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4306" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_Management">Pest Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4306" type="text/json">{"id":4306,"name":"Pest Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76133550]'), work: {"id":76133550,"title":"Insecticide Resistance and Dominance Levels","created_at":"2022-04-11T09:11:24.288-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76133550/Insecticide_Resistance_and_Dominance_Levels?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_76133550","summary":"Dominance has been assessed in different ways in insecticide resistance studies, based on three phenotypic traits: the insecticide concentration required to give a particular mortality (D LC ), mortality at a particular insecticide dose (D ML ), and Þtness in treated areas (D WT ). We propose a general formula for estimating dominance on a scale of 0 to 1 (0 ϭ complete recessivity and 1 ϭ complete dominance). D LC , D ML , and D WT are not directly related and their values depend on genetic background and environmental conditions. We also show that pest management strategies can have the consequence to increase D WT via the selection of dominance modiÞers. Studies on resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins provide the ultimate example of the complexity of the deÞnition of the concept of dominance. Almost all studies have focused on calculation of D LC , which provides little information about the efÞciency of pest management programs. For instance, one assumption of the high dose/refuge strategy is that Bacillus thuringiensis resistance must be effectively recessive (i.e., D ML must be close to zero). However, D WT , rather than D ML , is relevant to the resistance management strategy. Therefore, we strongly suggest that the time has come to focus on Þtness dominance levels in the presence and absence of insecticide.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83801890,"asset_id":76133550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":66384550,"first_name":"Michel","last_name":"Raymond","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichelRaymond7","display_name":"Michel Raymond","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichelRaymond7?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":4306,"name":"Pest Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":29824,"name":"Fitness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fitness?f_ri=280967"},{"id":52973,"name":"Insecticide Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Insecticide_Resistance?f_ri=280967"},{"id":67768,"name":"Bacillus thuringiensis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacillus_thuringiensis?f_ri=280967"},{"id":113903,"name":"Bacteria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacteria?f_ri=280967"},{"id":117269,"name":"Insects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Insects?f_ri=280967"},{"id":153049,"name":"Transgenic Crops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transgenic_Crops?f_ri=280967"},{"id":213897,"name":"Phenotype","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenotype?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":387102,"name":"Environmental Conditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Conditions?f_ri=280967"},{"id":406914,"name":"Biopesticide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biopesticide?f_ri=280967"},{"id":457859,"name":"Cost Benefit Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cost_Benefit_Analysis?f_ri=280967"},{"id":523097,"name":"Economic Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Entomology?f_ri=280967"},{"id":843856,"name":"Ecological Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Applications?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1578259,"name":"Fitness cost","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fitness_cost?f_ri=280967"},{"id":3998949,"name":"Genetic background","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_background?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_68872235" data-work_id="68872235" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68872235/A_review_of_the_effects_of_different_marking_and_tagging_techniques_on_marine_mammals">A review of the effects of different marking and tagging techniques on marine mammals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Wildlife research often requires marking and tagging animals to collect data on survival, reproduction, movement, behaviour and physiology. Identification of individual marine mammals can be carried out using tags, brands, paint, dye,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68872235" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Wildlife research often requires marking and tagging animals to collect data on survival, reproduction, movement, behaviour and physiology. Identification of individual marine mammals can be carried out using tags, brands, paint, dye, photogrammetry, telemetry and other techniques. An analysis of peer-reviewed articles published from January 1980 to April 2011 addressing the effects of marking revealed a preponderance of studies focussed on shortterm effects such as injuries and behavioural changes. Some marking techniques were reported to cause pain and to change swimming and haul-out behaviour, maternal attendance, and duration of foraging trips. However, marking has typically not been found to affect survival. No published research has addressed other possible long-term effects of marking related to injuries or pain responses. Studies of the more immediate effects of marking (mostly related to externally attached devices such as radio-transmitters) have shown a variety of different types and magnitudes of responses. It is important to note that studies failing to find treament differences are less likely to be published, meaning that the present and any other reviews based on published literature may be a biased sample of all research conducted on the topic. Publishing results that found no or low impacts (i.e. best practices) as well as those that found significant impacts on animals should both be encouraged. Future research under more controlled conditions is required to document acute effects of marking, including injury and pain, and to better understand longer-term effects on health, reproduction and survival. We recommend that studies using marked animals standardise their reports, with added detail on methodology, monitoring and sampling design, and address practices used to minimise the impact of marking on marine mammals.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68872235" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="46a57e789d3bce6d385fc658423af786" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79190281,"asset_id":68872235,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79190281/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14479496" href="https://ubc.academia.edu/AndrewTrites">Andrew Trites</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14479496" type="text/json">{"id":14479496,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Trites","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"AndrewTrites","display_name":"Andrew Trites","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/AndrewTrites?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68872235 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68872235"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68872235, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68872235", }); 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Identification of individual marine mammals can be carried out using tags, brands, paint, dye, photogrammetry, telemetry and other techniques. An analysis of peer-reviewed articles published from January 1980 to April 2011 addressing the effects of marking revealed a preponderance of studies focussed on shortterm effects such as injuries and behavioural changes. Some marking techniques were reported to cause pain and to change swimming and haul-out behaviour, maternal attendance, and duration of foraging trips. However, marking has typically not been found to affect survival. No published research has addressed other possible long-term effects of marking related to injuries or pain responses. Studies of the more immediate effects of marking (mostly related to externally attached devices such as radio-transmitters) have shown a variety of different types and magnitudes of responses. It is important to note that studies failing to find treament differences are less likely to be published, meaning that the present and any other reviews based on published literature may be a biased sample of all research conducted on the topic. Publishing results that found no or low impacts (i.e. best practices) as well as those that found significant impacts on animals should both be encouraged. Future research under more controlled conditions is required to document acute effects of marking, including injury and pain, and to better understand longer-term effects on health, reproduction and survival. We recommend that studies using marked animals standardise their reports, with added detail on methodology, monitoring and sampling design, and address practices used to minimise the impact of marking on marine mammals.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79190281,"asset_id":68872235,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14479496,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Trites","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"AndrewTrites","display_name":"Andrew Trites","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/AndrewTrites?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":2809,"name":"Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":17825,"name":"Biodiversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":22413,"name":"Wildlife Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Conservation?f_ri=280967"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":80872,"name":"Scientific","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scientific?f_ri=280967"},{"id":109828,"name":"Fauna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fauna?f_ri=280967"},{"id":113579,"name":"Wildlife","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife?f_ri=280967"},{"id":133572,"name":"Wildlife Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Management?f_ri=280967"},{"id":239605,"name":"Introduced species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Introduced_species?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_64692872" data-work_id="64692872" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64692872/Contest_and_scramble_competitions_inCallosobruchus_maculatus_Coleoptera_Bruchidae_II_Larval_competition_and_interference_mechanisms">Contest and scramble competitions inCallosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) II. Larval competition and interference mechanisms</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Competition between contest and scramble strategists was examined using two strains of Callosobruchus maculatus, the contest strain (iQ.) and the scramble strain (tQ). The direct larval interference experiment within each strain showed... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_64692872" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Competition between contest and scramble strategists was examined using two strains of Callosobruchus maculatus, the contest strain (iQ.) and the scramble strain (tQ). The direct larval interference experiment within each strain showed that the contest strain performed strong direct interference throughout its larval stage against the conspecific opponent(s). The scramble strain also performed its interference, but only during the 3rd and the 4th larval stages. The inter-strain larval competition experiments inside a large and small mung bean (Vigna radiata) showed that the contest strain was, in general, superior to the scramble strain in competition, but the competition results were density-and frequency-dependent. In the large beans, the proportion of adult emergence of the contest strain increased with the increase of its own initial density but decreased as the initial density of the scramble strain increased. The shape of the proportion of adult emergence became nonlinear in the small beans. The cause of the complexity of inter-strain competition results was discussed in the light of the difference in larval interference ability between the two strains.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/64692872" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2e671bb2ed492fad4b4a86f661a79220" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":76612941,"asset_id":64692872,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/76612941/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35460854" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YukihikoToquenaga">Yukihiko Toquenaga</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35460854" type="text/json">{"id":35460854,"first_name":"Yukihiko","last_name":"Toquenaga","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YukihikoToquenaga","display_name":"Yukihiko Toquenaga","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YukihikoToquenaga?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_64692872 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="64692872"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64692872, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_64692872", }); 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Larval competition and interference mechanisms","created_at":"2021-12-16T21:33:17.803-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/64692872/Contest_and_scramble_competitions_inCallosobruchus_maculatus_Coleoptera_Bruchidae_II_Larval_competition_and_interference_mechanisms?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_64692872","summary":"Competition between contest and scramble strategists was examined using two strains of Callosobruchus maculatus, the contest strain (iQ.) and the scramble strain (tQ). The direct larval interference experiment within each strain showed that the contest strain performed strong direct interference throughout its larval stage against the conspecific opponent(s). The scramble strain also performed its interference, but only during the 3rd and the 4th larval stages. The inter-strain larval competition experiments inside a large and small mung bean (Vigna radiata) showed that the contest strain was, in general, superior to the scramble strain in competition, but the competition results were density-and frequency-dependent. In the large beans, the proportion of adult emergence of the contest strain increased with the increase of its own initial density but decreased as the initial density of the scramble strain increased. The shape of the proportion of adult emergence became nonlinear in the small beans. The cause of the complexity of inter-strain competition results was discussed in the light of the difference in larval interference ability between the two strains.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":76612941,"asset_id":64692872,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35460854,"first_name":"Yukihiko","last_name":"Toquenaga","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YukihikoToquenaga","display_name":"Yukihiko Toquenaga","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YukihikoToquenaga?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":9173,"name":"Biometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biometrics?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":10916,"name":"Resource sharing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resource_sharing?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":11417,"name":"Population Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Dynamics?f_ri=280967"},{"id":128413,"name":"Density dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Density_dependence?f_ri=280967"},{"id":162645,"name":"Population Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Density?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":323652,"name":"Interference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interference?f_ri=280967"},{"id":442493,"name":"Larva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Larva?f_ri=280967"},{"id":717776,"name":"Intraspecific Competition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intraspecific_Competition?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_53938798" data-work_id="53938798" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53938798/Reklam_i_mobilen_En_studie_av_f%C3%B6ruts%C3%A4ttningarna_f%C3%B6r_tidningsf%C3%B6retag_att_anv%C3%A4nda_mobiltelefon_som_marknadsf%C3%B6ringskanal">Reklam i mobilen? En studie av förutsättningarna för tidningsföretag att använda mobiltelefon som marknadsföringskanal</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Titel Reklam i mobilen? En studie av förutsättningar för tidningsföretag att använda mobiltelefonen som marknadsföringskanal Författare Beata Jungselius Kurs MK1500-Examensarbete i Medie-och kommunikationsvetenskap Termin VT-09... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_53938798" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Titel Reklam i mobilen? En studie av förutsättningar för tidningsföretag att använda mobiltelefonen som marknadsföringskanal Författare Beata Jungselius Kurs MK1500-Examensarbete i Medie-och kommunikationsvetenskap Termin VT-09 Uppdragsgivare ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/53938798" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d70d91c63dd1819b1e3304c8c2cf5211" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70543273,"asset_id":53938798,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70543273/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50494970" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BeataJungselius">Beata Jungselius</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50494970" type="text/json">{"id":50494970,"first_name":"Beata","last_name":"Jungselius","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BeataJungselius","display_name":"Beata Jungselius","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BeataJungselius?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_53938798 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="53938798"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53938798, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_53938798", }); 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En studie av förutsättningarna för tidningsföretag att använda mobiltelefon som marknadsföringskanal","created_at":"2021-09-29T05:31:39.442-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/53938798/Reklam_i_mobilen_En_studie_av_f%C3%B6ruts%C3%A4ttningarna_f%C3%B6r_tidningsf%C3%B6retag_att_anv%C3%A4nda_mobiltelefon_som_marknadsf%C3%B6ringskanal?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_53938798","summary":"Titel Reklam i mobilen? En studie av förutsättningar för tidningsföretag att använda mobiltelefonen som marknadsföringskanal Författare Beata Jungselius Kurs MK1500-Examensarbete i Medie-och kommunikationsvetenskap Termin VT-09 Uppdragsgivare ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70543273,"asset_id":53938798,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50494970,"first_name":"Beata","last_name":"Jungselius","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BeataJungselius","display_name":"Beata Jungselius","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BeataJungselius?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":3637,"name":"Advertising","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advertising?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":43674,"name":"Rapport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rapport?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":54489,"name":"Newspapers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Newspapers?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":77936,"name":"Text","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Text?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":387146,"name":"Push","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Push?f_ri=280967"},{"id":679588,"name":"Permission Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Permission_Marketing?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1241077,"name":"CRM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CRM?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49453770" data-work_id="49453770" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49453770/Dietary_Influence_of_Iron_Formulation_on_the_Development_of_Gypsy_Moth_Lepidoptera_Lymantriidae_in_Laboratory_Colonies">Dietary Influence of Iron Formulation on the Development of Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) in Laboratory Colonies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Colonies of gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), reared on the standard wheat germ diet have been experiencing periods of unexplained slow asynchronous development. The cause of the variability in development has been identified to be the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49453770" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Colonies of gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), reared on the standard wheat germ diet have been experiencing periods of unexplained slow asynchronous development. The cause of the variability in development has been identified to be the variable nature of ferric phosphate provided in the diet. As a separate ingredient or in a salt mixture, ferric phosphate is a mixture of the amorphous and crystalline forms of this compound. Slow, asynchronous development occurred when ferric phosphate containing inadequate quantities of the amorphous form (6 ing/liter) was used in the preparation of diet. When the amount of amorphous ferric phosphate was higher, 35-49 mg/liter, larvae developed normally. Slow, asynchronous development did not occur when diet containing sufficient amorphous ferric phosphate was supplemented with extra crystalline ferric phosphate. Thus, the presence of crystalline ferric phosphate did not cause the developmental problems. Insects fed diet containing ferric citrate as a substitute for ferric phosphate, or Beck's mineral supplement containing ferrous sulfate, developed synchronously and faster than siblings fed diet containing inadequate amorphous ferric phosphate, indicating that the iron component of ferric phosphate was the nutrient affecting synchrony and speed of development. The possibility of an iron deficiency caused by differences in bioavailability of amorphous and crystalline ferric phosphate is discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49453770" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7066949a1c1e3f8f22acd8fb12ad0f39" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67802051,"asset_id":49453770,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67802051/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37710474" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MelodyKeena">Melody Keena</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37710474" type="text/json">{"id":37710474,"first_name":"Melody","last_name":"Keena","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MelodyKeena","display_name":"Melody Keena","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MelodyKeena?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49453770 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49453770"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49453770, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49453770", }); 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The cause of the variability in development has been identified to be the variable nature of ferric phosphate provided in the diet. As a separate ingredient or in a salt mixture, ferric phosphate is a mixture of the amorphous and crystalline forms of this compound. Slow, asynchronous development occurred when ferric phosphate containing inadequate quantities of the amorphous form (6 ing/liter) was used in the preparation of diet. When the amount of amorphous ferric phosphate was higher, 35-49 mg/liter, larvae developed normally. Slow, asynchronous development did not occur when diet containing sufficient amorphous ferric phosphate was supplemented with extra crystalline ferric phosphate. Thus, the presence of crystalline ferric phosphate did not cause the developmental problems. Insects fed diet containing ferric citrate as a substitute for ferric phosphate, or Beck's mineral supplement containing ferrous sulfate, developed synchronously and faster than siblings fed diet containing inadequate amorphous ferric phosphate, indicating that the iron component of ferric phosphate was the nutrient affecting synchrony and speed of development. The possibility of an iron deficiency caused by differences in bioavailability of amorphous and crystalline ferric phosphate is discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67802051,"asset_id":49453770,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37710474,"first_name":"Melody","last_name":"Keena","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MelodyKeena","display_name":"Melody Keena","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MelodyKeena?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":176756,"name":"FORMULATION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FORMULATION?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":205461,"name":"Bioavailability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioavailability?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5859669" data-work_id="5859669" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5859669/The_genus_Brevipalpus_in_Costa_Rica_Acari_Tenuipalpidae">The genus Brevipalpus in Costa Rica (Acari: Tenuipalpidae</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">New species of false spider mite are described and illustrated: Brevipalpus ortizi sp. n. and Brevipalpus pseudostriatus sp. n. A key to species of Brevipalpus found in Costa Rica is presented.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5859669" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6f91f1a1ad4bd534eba11fda014cd889" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49108425,"asset_id":5859669,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49108425/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8638934" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LuisSalas8">Luis Salas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8638934" type="text/json">{"id":8638934,"first_name":"Luis","last_name":"Salas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LuisSalas8","display_name":"Luis Salas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LuisSalas8?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8638934/63638815/51947953/s65_luis.salas.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5859669 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5859669"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5859669, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5859669", }); 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A key to species of Brevipalpus found in Costa Rica is presented.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49108425,"asset_id":5859669,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8638934,"first_name":"Luis","last_name":"Salas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LuisSalas8","display_name":"Luis Salas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LuisSalas8?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8638934/63638815/51947953/s65_luis.salas.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":7076,"name":"Taxonomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taxonomy?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":10866,"name":"Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":177888,"name":"Acarology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acarology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":456283,"name":"Key to Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Key_to_Species?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10759541" data-work_id="10759541" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10759541/Beauveria_bassiana_yeast_phase_on_agar_medium_and_its_pathogenicity_against_Diatraea_saccharalis_Lepidoptera_Crambidae_and_Tetranychus_urticae_Acari_Tetranychidae_">Beauveria bassiana yeast phase on agar medium and its pathogenicity against Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Beauveria bassiana colonizes insect hosts initially through a yeast phase, which is common in some artificial liquid cultures, but not reported on artificial solid media. We describe a yeast-like phase for B. bassiana isolate 447 (ATCC... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10759541" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Beauveria bassiana colonizes insect hosts initially through a yeast phase, which is common in some artificial liquid cultures, but not reported on artificial solid media. We describe a yeast-like phase for B. bassiana isolate 447 (ATCC 20872) on MacConkey agar and its virulence toward Diatraea saccharalis and Tetranychus urticae. The yeast-like cells of B. bassiana developed by budding from germinating conidia after 24-h incubation. Cells were typically and fungal colonies were initially circular and mucoid, but later were covered with mycelia and conidia. Ability to produce yeast-like cells on MacConkey medium was relatively common among different B. bassiana isolates, but growth rate and timing of yeast-like cell production also varied. Metarhizium anisopliae and Paecilomyces spp. isolates did not grow as yeast-like cells on MacConkey medium. Yeast-like cells of B. bassiana 447 were more virulent against D. saccharalis than conidia when 107 cells/ml were used. At 108 cells/ml, the estimated mean survival time was 5.4 days for the yeast suspension and 7.7 days for the conidial suspension, perhaps due to faster germination. The LC50 was also lower for yeast than conidial suspensions. Yeast-like cells and conidia had similar virulence against T. urticae; the average mortalities with yeast-like cells and conidia were, respectively, 42.8 and 45.0%, with 107 cells/ml, and 77.8 and 74.4%, with 108 cells/ml. The estimated mean survival times were 3.6 and 3.9 for yeast and conidial suspensions, respectively. The bioassay results demonstrate the yeast-like structures produced on MacConkey agar are effective as inoculum for B. bassiana applications against arthropod pests, and possibly superior to conidia against some species. Obtaining well-defined yeast phase cultures of entomopathogenic hyphomycetes may be an important step in studies of the biology and nutrition, pathogenesis, and the genetic manipulation of these fungi.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10759541" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0b7d9b0508de7382c8e7baeda20cac1c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47148452,"asset_id":10759541,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47148452/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26209965" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RogerioLopes3">Rogerio Lopes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26209965" type="text/json">{"id":26209965,"first_name":"Rogerio","last_name":"Lopes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RogerioLopes3","display_name":"Rogerio Lopes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RogerioLopes3?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26209965/9354938/10426592/s65_rogerio.lopes.jpg_oh_d3e20205ec501438f6f765092b0fdb56_oe_55fdaae7___gda___1441785089_08000b7522e7e203a9078bf5d784ee77"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10759541 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10759541"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10759541, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10759541", }); 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We describe a yeast-like phase for B. bassiana isolate 447 (ATCC 20872) on MacConkey agar and its virulence toward Diatraea saccharalis and Tetranychus urticae. The yeast-like cells of B. bassiana developed by budding from germinating conidia after 24-h incubation. Cells were typically and fungal colonies were initially circular and mucoid, but later were covered with mycelia and conidia. Ability to produce yeast-like cells on MacConkey medium was relatively common among different B. bassiana isolates, but growth rate and timing of yeast-like cell production also varied. Metarhizium anisopliae and Paecilomyces spp. isolates did not grow as yeast-like cells on MacConkey medium. Yeast-like cells of B. bassiana 447 were more virulent against D. saccharalis than conidia when 107 cells/ml were used. At 108 cells/ml, the estimated mean survival time was 5.4 days for the yeast suspension and 7.7 days for the conidial suspension, perhaps due to faster germination. The LC50 was also lower for yeast than conidial suspensions. Yeast-like cells and conidia had similar virulence against T. urticae; the average mortalities with yeast-like cells and conidia were, respectively, 42.8 and 45.0%, with 107 cells/ml, and 77.8 and 74.4%, with 108 cells/ml. The estimated mean survival times were 3.6 and 3.9 for yeast and conidial suspensions, respectively. The bioassay results demonstrate the yeast-like structures produced on MacConkey agar are effective as inoculum for B. bassiana applications against arthropod pests, and possibly superior to conidia against some species. Obtaining well-defined yeast phase cultures of entomopathogenic hyphomycetes may be an important step in studies of the biology and nutrition, pathogenesis, and the genetic manipulation of these fungi.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47148452,"asset_id":10759541,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26209965,"first_name":"Rogerio","last_name":"Lopes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RogerioLopes3","display_name":"Rogerio Lopes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RogerioLopes3?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26209965/9354938/10426592/s65_rogerio.lopes.jpg_oh_d3e20205ec501438f6f765092b0fdb56_oe_55fdaae7___gda___1441785089_08000b7522e7e203a9078bf5d784ee77"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":9113,"name":"Cell Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Cycle?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":23515,"name":"Biological Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Control?f_ri=280967"},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967"},{"id":37782,"name":"Cell Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Culture?f_ri=280967"},{"id":59370,"name":"In Vitro","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/In_Vitro?f_ri=280967"},{"id":143586,"name":"Cordyceps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cordyceps?f_ri=280967"},{"id":146990,"name":"Invertebrate Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Invertebrate_Pathology?f_ri=280967"},{"id":204929,"name":"Beauveria bassiana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beauveria_bassiana?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":533274,"name":"Growth rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth_rate?f_ri=280967"},{"id":537214,"name":"Moths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moths?f_ri=280967"},{"id":645845,"name":"Metarhizium Anisopliae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metarhizium_Anisopliae?f_ri=280967"},{"id":663045,"name":"Yeasts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yeasts?f_ri=280967"},{"id":772284,"name":"Agar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agar?f_ri=280967"},{"id":882476,"name":"Invertebrate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Invertebrate?f_ri=280967"},{"id":957793,"name":"Pathogenicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pathogenicity?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1975210,"name":"Tetranychidae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tetranychidae?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2142568,"name":"Thallophyta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thallophyta?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2175509,"name":"Tetranychus urticae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tetranychus_urticae?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_57571728" data-work_id="57571728" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/57571728/Comparison_between_the_N_and_Me3_genes_conferring_resistance_to_the_root_knot_nematode_Meloidogyne_incognita_in_genetically_different_pepper_lines_Capsicum_annuum_">Comparison between the N and Me3 genes conferring resistance to the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in genetically different pepper lines (Capsicum annuum)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Genetic resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in pepper (Capsicum annuum) has been well characterised for the N and Me3 resistance genes. However, there are no studies comparing the effects of these two genes directly or investigating the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_57571728" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Genetic resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in pepper (Capsicum annuum) has been well characterised for the N and Me3 resistance genes. However, there are no studies comparing the effects of these two genes directly or investigating the combined effects when both genes are present together. Several studies were undertaken to investigate the relationship of the N and Me3 gene systems to one another and to assess whether these two genes are allelic or truly separate genes. Two genotypes homozygous for the N gene ('Carolina Wonder' and 'Charleston Belle') and two genotypes homozygous for the Me3 gene (HDA 149 and PM 687) were compared in a replicated greenhouse test for reaction to M. incognita race 3. There were no significant differences between the resistant reactions of genotypes possessing the N or Me3 gene. Allelism tests were performed using the F2 populations of the parental genotypes HDA 149 × 'Charleston Belle' and HDA 149 × 'Carolina Wonder'. The results of these studies clearly show the N and Me3 genes to be distinct, separate dominant resistance genes conferring resistance to M. incognita race 3 and not alleles of the same gene.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/57571728" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a599ea485ee588984e2ad2043f4dc4c4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72409179,"asset_id":57571728,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72409179/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="177662389" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JudyThies">Judy Thies</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="177662389" type="text/json">{"id":177662389,"first_name":"Judy","last_name":"Thies","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JudyThies","display_name":"Judy Thies","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JudyThies?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_57571728 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="57571728"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 57571728, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_57571728", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=57571728]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_57571728").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_57571728").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="57571728"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5541" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology">Plant Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5541" type="text/json">{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12036" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pepper">Pepper</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12036" type="text/json">{"id":12036,"name":"Pepper","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pepper?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=57571728]'), work: {"id":57571728,"title":"Comparison between the N and Me3 genes conferring resistance to the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in genetically different pepper lines (Capsicum annuum)","created_at":"2021-10-13T09:50:24.678-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/57571728/Comparison_between_the_N_and_Me3_genes_conferring_resistance_to_the_root_knot_nematode_Meloidogyne_incognita_in_genetically_different_pepper_lines_Capsicum_annuum_?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_57571728","summary":"Genetic resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in pepper (Capsicum annuum) has been well characterised for the N and Me3 resistance genes. However, there are no studies comparing the effects of these two genes directly or investigating the combined effects when both genes are present together. Several studies were undertaken to investigate the relationship of the N and Me3 gene systems to one another and to assess whether these two genes are allelic or truly separate genes. Two genotypes homozygous for the N gene ('Carolina Wonder' and 'Charleston Belle') and two genotypes homozygous for the Me3 gene (HDA 149 and PM 687) were compared in a replicated greenhouse test for reaction to M. incognita race 3. There were no significant differences between the resistant reactions of genotypes possessing the N or Me3 gene. Allelism tests were performed using the F2 populations of the parental genotypes HDA 149 × 'Charleston Belle' and HDA 149 × 'Carolina Wonder'. The results of these studies clearly show the N and Me3 genes to be distinct, separate dominant resistance genes conferring resistance to M. incognita race 3 and not alleles of the same gene.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72409179,"asset_id":57571728,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":177662389,"first_name":"Judy","last_name":"Thies","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JudyThies","display_name":"Judy Thies","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JudyThies?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":12036,"name":"Pepper","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pepper?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":80715,"name":"ROOT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ROOT?f_ri=280967"},{"id":96098,"name":"Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resistance?f_ri=280967"},{"id":129904,"name":"Linkage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linkage?f_ri=280967"},{"id":181936,"name":"Gene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":316015,"name":"Gen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gen?f_ri=280967"},{"id":624980,"name":"Plant Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Pathology?f_ri=280967"},{"id":727778,"name":"Capsicum annuum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Capsicum_annuum?f_ri=280967"},{"id":886152,"name":"Genetic Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Resistance?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1363692,"name":"Meloidogyne Incognita","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meloidogyne_Incognita?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2322364,"name":"Host resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_resistance?f_ri=280967"},{"id":3973264,"name":"Root knot nematode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Root_knot_nematode?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_68848612" data-work_id="68848612" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68848612/Pretty_but_dangerous_Records_of_non_native_Monk_Parakeets_Myiopsitta_monachus_in_Mexico">Pretty, but dangerous! Records of non-native Monk Parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) in Mexico</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Monk Parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) is native to South America and has been introduced by the pet market to several countries around the world. In this note, we compiled records for this species in Mexico and report the first... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68848612" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Monk Parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) is native to South America and has been introduced by the pet market to several countries around the world. In this note, we compiled records for this species in Mexico and report the first sight-recording of this species in the state of Michoacán and several nesting localities within the Metropolitan area of México City. Most records are of individuals escaped or released from captivity. Also, we review the negative effects that this species has had in invaded areas from around the world. Our analysis suggests the possible beginning of an invasion in Mexico that could have dramatic negative ecological and economic effects throughout this biodiverse country.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68848612" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="28e8500360af97f31ea610ddf3f73a65" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79176533,"asset_id":68848612,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79176533/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15467898" href="https://unam.academia.edu/JorgeESchondubeFriedewold">Jorge E Schondube</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15467898" type="text/json">{"id":15467898,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Schondube","domain_name":"unam","page_name":"JorgeESchondubeFriedewold","display_name":"Jorge E Schondube","profile_url":"https://unam.academia.edu/JorgeESchondubeFriedewold?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15467898/10906611/12171496/s65_jorge_e..schondube_friedewold.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68848612 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68848612"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68848612, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68848612", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68848612]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_68848612").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_68848612").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="68848612"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="261" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography">Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="261" type="text/json">{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture">Agriculture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10225" type="text/json">{"id":10225,"name":"Agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="280967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST">PEST</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="280967" type="text/json">{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=68848612]'), work: {"id":68848612,"title":"Pretty, but dangerous! Records of non-native Monk Parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) in Mexico","created_at":"2022-01-20T08:39:57.284-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/68848612/Pretty_but_dangerous_Records_of_non_native_Monk_Parakeets_Myiopsitta_monachus_in_Mexico?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_68848612","summary":"The Monk Parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) is native to South America and has been introduced by the pet market to several countries around the world. In this note, we compiled records for this species in Mexico and report the first sight-recording of this species in the state of Michoacán and several nesting localities within the Metropolitan area of México City. Most records are of individuals escaped or released from captivity. Also, we review the negative effects that this species has had in invaded areas from around the world. Our analysis suggests the possible beginning of an invasion in Mexico that could have dramatic negative ecological and economic effects throughout this biodiverse country.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79176533,"asset_id":68848612,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15467898,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Schondube","domain_name":"unam","page_name":"JorgeESchondubeFriedewold","display_name":"Jorge E Schondube","profile_url":"https://unam.academia.edu/JorgeESchondubeFriedewold?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15467898/10906611/12171496/s65_jorge_e..schondube_friedewold.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":10225,"name":"Agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34695853 coauthored" data-work_id="34695853" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34695853/Potential_of_Photorhabdus_temperata_K122_bioinsecticide_in_protecting_wheat_flour_against_Ephestia_kuehniella">Potential of Photorhabdus temperata K122 bioinsecticide in protecting wheat flour against Ephestia kuehniella</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present study reports investigations on the insecticidal activity of the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus temperata K122 against the Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella. Cultured in the optimized medium, P. temperata... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34695853" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present study reports investigations on the insecticidal activity of the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus temperata K122 against the Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella. Cultured in the optimized medium, P. temperata K122 cells aged 32 h exhibited 51% growth inhibition at a concentration of 9 Â 10 8 cells/ml. However, culture must be prolonged up to 48 h incubation in the proteose peptone medium to reach only 28.6% inhibition. At the same concentration, no adult emergence was observed in the case of larvae feeding on wheat flour treated with the whole culture of P. temperata K122 after physical lysis. Interestingly, P. temperata K122 cells in the viable but non culturable (VBNC) state retained the same toxicity level as the culturable cells. At a high concentration of 12 Â 10 8 cells/ml, 100% mortality of E. kuehniella larvae could be reached. Insect mortality is due to toxaemia as confirmed by the absence of Variants small colony (Vsm) or P. temperata colonies in E. kuehniella tissue. The investigation of the histopathological effect of P. temperata toxins on the gut of infected E. kuehniella larvae showed destruction of the gut epithelium, appearance of large cavities and cellular disintegration.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34695853" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8a3a0a4d11c82334f79d25418edf05c8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54554399,"asset_id":34695853,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54554399/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="67705542" href="https://qu.academia.edu/NabilZouari">Nabil Zouari</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="67705542" type="text/json">{"id":67705542,"first_name":"Nabil","last_name":"Zouari","domain_name":"qu","page_name":"NabilZouari","display_name":"Nabil Zouari","profile_url":"https://qu.academia.edu/NabilZouari?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/67705542/17842519/17858241/s65_nabil.zouari.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-34695853">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-34695853"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://qu.academia.edu/SAMIRJAOUA">SAMIR JAOUA</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-34695853'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-34695853').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34695853 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34695853"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34695853; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34695853]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34695853").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34695853").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34695853"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31356" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31356" type="text/json">{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65590" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pesticide">Pesticide</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="65590" type="text/json">{"id":65590,"name":"Pesticide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pesticide?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="67405" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicity">Toxicity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="67405" type="text/json">{"id":67405,"name":"Toxicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34695853]'), work: {"id":34695853,"title":"Potential of Photorhabdus temperata K122 bioinsecticide in protecting wheat flour against Ephestia kuehniella","created_at":"2017-09-27T11:19:05.640-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34695853/Potential_of_Photorhabdus_temperata_K122_bioinsecticide_in_protecting_wheat_flour_against_Ephestia_kuehniella?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_34695853","summary":"The present study reports investigations on the insecticidal activity of the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus temperata K122 against the Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella. Cultured in the optimized medium, P. temperata K122 cells aged 32 h exhibited 51% growth inhibition at a concentration of 9 Â 10 8 cells/ml. However, culture must be prolonged up to 48 h incubation in the proteose peptone medium to reach only 28.6% inhibition. At the same concentration, no adult emergence was observed in the case of larvae feeding on wheat flour treated with the whole culture of P. temperata K122 after physical lysis. Interestingly, P. temperata K122 cells in the viable but non culturable (VBNC) state retained the same toxicity level as the culturable cells. At a high concentration of 12 Â 10 8 cells/ml, 100% mortality of E. kuehniella larvae could be reached. Insect mortality is due to toxaemia as confirmed by the absence of Variants small colony (Vsm) or P. temperata colonies in E. kuehniella tissue. The investigation of the histopathological effect of P. temperata toxins on the gut of infected E. kuehniella larvae showed destruction of the gut epithelium, appearance of large cavities and cellular disintegration.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54554399,"asset_id":34695853,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":67705542,"first_name":"Nabil","last_name":"Zouari","domain_name":"qu","page_name":"NabilZouari","display_name":"Nabil Zouari","profile_url":"https://qu.academia.edu/NabilZouari?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/67705542/17842519/17858241/s65_nabil.zouari.jpg"},{"id":16338366,"first_name":"SAMIR","last_name":"JAOUA","domain_name":"qu","page_name":"SAMIRJAOUA","display_name":"SAMIR JAOUA","profile_url":"https://qu.academia.edu/SAMIRJAOUA?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16338366/4439506/102544019/s65_samir.jaoua.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":65590,"name":"Pesticide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pesticide?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":67405,"name":"Toxicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":85437,"name":"Pesticides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pesticides?f_ri=280967"},{"id":113903,"name":"Bacteria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacteria?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":406914,"name":"Biopesticide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biopesticide?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9184374" data-work_id="9184374" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9184374/Syntheses_of_Z_E_5_7_Dodecadienol_and_E_Z_10_12_Hexadecadienol_Lepidoptera_Pheromone_Components_via_Zinc_Reduction_of_Enyne_Precursors_Test_of_Pheromone_Efficacy_against_the_Siberian_Moth">Syntheses of ( Z,E )-5,7-Dodecadienol and ( E , Z )-10,12-Hexadecadienol, Lepidoptera Pheromone Components, via Zinc Reduction of Enyne Precursors. Test of Pheromone Efficacy against the Siberian Moth</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Efficient syntheses of (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienol, a pheromone component of the Siberian moth, Dendrolimus superans sibiricus, and (E,Z)-10,12-hexadecadienol, a pheromone component of various Lepidoptera pheromones, were accomplished by cis... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9184374" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Efficient syntheses of (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienol, a pheromone component of the Siberian moth, Dendrolimus superans sibiricus, and (E,Z)-10,12-hexadecadienol, a pheromone component of various Lepidoptera pheromones, were accomplished by cis reduction of the corresponding enynols with activated zinc. The most energetic reagent was zinc galvanized with copper and silver (Zn/Cu/Ag) that achieved rapid and high-yield reduction in methanol-water. The stereoselectivity of semihydrogenation was g98%. A process whereby zinc dust was continuously activated throughout the reduction with an acid was also satisfactory (95-98% cis). Field evaluation of the 1:1 mixture of (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienol and (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienal with the Siberian moth in Russia showed that the rubber septa pretreated with compound and stored at -80°C were as effective as freshly treated septa. Moth responses to septa aged in open air indicated that lure effectiveness declined significantly after 2 weeks of aging. Thus, if rubber septa are used as pheromone dispensers in Siberian moth traps monitoring, they should be replaced biweekly with fresh septa for optimal trap effectiveness.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9184374" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ca4020c2df9f6a4e73a439f4e47d6abd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47859069,"asset_id":9184374,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47859069/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20997932" href="https://qu.academia.edu/YousefHijji">Yousef Hijji</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20997932" type="text/json">{"id":20997932,"first_name":"Yousef","last_name":"Hijji","domain_name":"qu","page_name":"YousefHijji","display_name":"Yousef Hijji","profile_url":"https://qu.academia.edu/YousefHijji?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9184374 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9184374"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9184374, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9184374", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9184374]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9184374").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9184374").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9184374"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4306" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_Management">Pest Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4306" type="text/json">{"id":4306,"name":"Pest Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copper">Copper</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80692" type="text/json">{"id":80692,"name":"Copper","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copper?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="158165" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zinc">Zinc</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="158165" type="text/json">{"id":158165,"name":"Zinc","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zinc?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9184374]'), work: {"id":9184374,"title":"Syntheses of ( Z,E )-5,7-Dodecadienol and ( E , Z )-10,12-Hexadecadienol, Lepidoptera Pheromone Components, via Zinc Reduction of Enyne Precursors. Test of Pheromone Efficacy against the Siberian Moth","created_at":"2014-11-07T17:58:22.251-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9184374/Syntheses_of_Z_E_5_7_Dodecadienol_and_E_Z_10_12_Hexadecadienol_Lepidoptera_Pheromone_Components_via_Zinc_Reduction_of_Enyne_Precursors_Test_of_Pheromone_Efficacy_against_the_Siberian_Moth?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_9184374","summary":"Efficient syntheses of (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienol, a pheromone component of the Siberian moth, Dendrolimus superans sibiricus, and (E,Z)-10,12-hexadecadienol, a pheromone component of various Lepidoptera pheromones, were accomplished by cis reduction of the corresponding enynols with activated zinc. The most energetic reagent was zinc galvanized with copper and silver (Zn/Cu/Ag) that achieved rapid and high-yield reduction in methanol-water. The stereoselectivity of semihydrogenation was g98%. A process whereby zinc dust was continuously activated throughout the reduction with an acid was also satisfactory (95-98% cis). Field evaluation of the 1:1 mixture of (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienol and (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienal with the Siberian moth in Russia showed that the rubber septa pretreated with compound and stored at -80°C were as effective as freshly treated septa. Moth responses to septa aged in open air indicated that lure effectiveness declined significantly after 2 weeks of aging. Thus, if rubber septa are used as pheromone dispensers in Siberian moth traps monitoring, they should be replaced biweekly with fresh septa for optimal trap effectiveness.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47859069,"asset_id":9184374,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20997932,"first_name":"Yousef","last_name":"Hijji","domain_name":"qu","page_name":"YousefHijji","display_name":"Yousef Hijji","profile_url":"https://qu.academia.edu/YousefHijji?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":4306,"name":"Pest Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":80692,"name":"Copper","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copper?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":158165,"name":"Zinc","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zinc?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":219927,"name":"Efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Efficiency?f_ri=280967"},{"id":231318,"name":"Agricultural","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural?f_ri=280967"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":537214,"name":"Moths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moths?f_ri=280967"},{"id":596974,"name":"Agricultural and Food Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_and_Food_Chemistry?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1152821,"name":"Chemical Synthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Synthesis?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1256747,"name":"Oxidation-Reduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidation-Reduction?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2417891,"name":"Isomerism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Isomerism?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26109266" data-work_id="26109266" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26109266/Major_pests_of_man_made_forests_in_israel_origin_biology_damage_and_control">Major pests of man-made forests in israel: origin, biology, damage and control</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The important pests of the three main tree genera used in afforestation in Israel are described. The pine pests are the Israeli bast scale, Matsucoccus josephi; the pine processionary caterpillar, Thaurnetopoea wilkinsoni; the bark... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26109266" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The important pests of the three main tree genera used in afforestation in Israel are described. The pine pests are the Israeli bast scale, Matsucoccus josephi; the pine processionary caterpillar, Thaurnetopoea wilkinsoni; the bark beetles Orthotomicus erosus, Pityogenes calcaratus and Tomicus destruens, and the Mediterranean shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana thurificana. The cypress pests are the bark beetles Phloeosinus armatus and P. aubei. The eucalypt borerPhoracantha semipunctata is the sole significant pest of eucalypts. All of these pests, except for the last, are considered endemic species which maintained themselves in the natural relict stands. Routine chemical control operations are conducted only against T. wilkinsoni. Natural enemies are capable of keeping the other pest populations under good control if appropriate silvicultural measures and practices are in use.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26109266" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f155e5ab607f4ca3070b7a541007877a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46456852,"asset_id":26109266,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46456852/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33659588" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZviMendel">Zvi Mendel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33659588" type="text/json">{"id":33659588,"first_name":"Zvi","last_name":"Mendel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ZviMendel","display_name":"Zvi Mendel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZviMendel?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33659588/75075138/63580933/s65_zvi.mendel.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26109266 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26109266"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26109266, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26109266", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26109266]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26109266").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26109266").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26109266"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5541" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology">Plant Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5541" type="text/json">{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control">Control</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7523" type="text/json">{"id":7523,"name":"Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23515" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Control">Biological Control</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23515" type="text/json">{"id":23515,"name":"Biological Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Control?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26109266]'), work: {"id":26109266,"title":"Major pests of man-made forests in israel: origin, biology, damage and control","created_at":"2016-06-13T22:12:25.935-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26109266/Major_pests_of_man_made_forests_in_israel_origin_biology_damage_and_control?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_26109266","summary":"The important pests of the three main tree genera used in afforestation in Israel are described. The pine pests are the Israeli bast scale, Matsucoccus josephi; the pine processionary caterpillar, Thaurnetopoea wilkinsoni; the bark beetles Orthotomicus erosus, Pityogenes calcaratus and Tomicus destruens, and the Mediterranean shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana thurificana. The cypress pests are the bark beetles Phloeosinus armatus and P. aubei. The eucalypt borerPhoracantha semipunctata is the sole significant pest of eucalypts. All of these pests, except for the last, are considered endemic species which maintained themselves in the natural relict stands. Routine chemical control operations are conducted only against T. wilkinsoni. Natural enemies are capable of keeping the other pest populations under good control if appropriate silvicultural measures and practices are in use.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46456852,"asset_id":26109266,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33659588,"first_name":"Zvi","last_name":"Mendel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ZviMendel","display_name":"Zvi Mendel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZviMendel?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33659588/75075138/63580933/s65_zvi.mendel.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":7523,"name":"Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":23515,"name":"Biological Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Control?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967"},{"id":34642,"name":"Israel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Israel?f_ri=280967"},{"id":35287,"name":"DISTRIBUTION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DISTRIBUTION?f_ri=280967"},{"id":79748,"name":"Forest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forest?f_ri=280967"},{"id":176238,"name":"Trees","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trees?f_ri=280967"},{"id":211405,"name":"Endemic species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endemic_species?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":300063,"name":"Cerambycidae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerambycidae?f_ri=280967"},{"id":314820,"name":"Afforestation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Afforestation?f_ri=280967"},{"id":477941,"name":"Woody Plants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Woody_Plants?f_ri=280967"},{"id":637974,"name":"Distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distribution-3?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2428226,"name":"Cultural Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Control?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60504489" data-work_id="60504489" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60504489/Distribution_of_Meloidogyne_chitwoodi_in_potato_tubers_and_comparison_of_extraction_methods">Distribution of Meloidogyne chitwoodi in potato tubers and comparison of extraction methods</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract: Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax are quarantine organisms in Europe. One measure to restrict the spread of these nematodes is careful inspection of potato tubers. The distribution of M. chitwoodi in heavily infected tubers... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60504489" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract: Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax are quarantine organisms in Europe. One measure to restrict the spread of these nematodes is careful inspection of potato tubers. The distribution of M. chitwoodi in heavily infected tubers was studied and several methods for extraction of these nematodes from tubers were compared. The majority of the nematodes (96%) were found in the first 5.25 mm of the tuber, corresponding to the depth of the vascular ring. About half of them were found between 1.75 and 3.50 mm deep. Incubation of small ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60504489" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d712ea19c2d40d6e3421342e7a6d4eae" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73920228,"asset_id":60504489,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73920228/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47821804" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EduardodelaPe%C3%B1a1">Eduardo de la Peña</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47821804" type="text/json">{"id":47821804,"first_name":"Eduardo","last_name":"de la Peña","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EduardodelaPeña1","display_name":"Eduardo de la Peña","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EduardodelaPe%C3%B1a1?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47821804/13528552/14706497/s65_eduardo.de_la_pe_a.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60504489 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60504489"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60504489, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60504489", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60504489]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_60504489").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_60504489").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="60504489"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7102" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nematology">Nematology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7102" type="text/json">{"id":7102,"name":"Nematology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nematology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23890" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study">Comparative Study</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23890" type="text/json">{"id":23890,"name":"Comparative Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="94271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasite">Parasite</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="94271" type="text/json">{"id":94271,"name":"Parasite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasite?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=60504489]'), work: {"id":60504489,"title":"Distribution of Meloidogyne chitwoodi in potato tubers and comparison of extraction methods","created_at":"2021-10-31T00:08:13.326-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/60504489/Distribution_of_Meloidogyne_chitwoodi_in_potato_tubers_and_comparison_of_extraction_methods?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_60504489","summary":"Abstract: Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax are quarantine organisms in Europe. One measure to restrict the spread of these nematodes is careful inspection of potato tubers. The distribution of M. chitwoodi in heavily infected tubers was studied and several methods for extraction of these nematodes from tubers were compared. The majority of the nematodes (96%) were found in the first 5.25 mm of the tuber, corresponding to the depth of the vascular ring. About half of them were found between 1.75 and 3.50 mm deep. Incubation of small ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73920228,"asset_id":60504489,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47821804,"first_name":"Eduardo","last_name":"de la Peña","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EduardodelaPeña1","display_name":"Eduardo de la Peña","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EduardodelaPe%C3%B1a1?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47821804/13528552/14706497/s65_eduardo.de_la_pe_a.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":7102,"name":"Nematology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nematology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":23890,"name":"Comparative Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":94271,"name":"Parasite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasite?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":107083,"name":"Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Method?f_ri=280967"},{"id":237339,"name":"EXTRACTION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EXTRACTION?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":683707,"name":"Extraction Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extraction_Method?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48732202" data-work_id="48732202" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48732202/Foliage_of_Oaks_Grown_Under_Elevated_CO2_Reduces_Performance_of_Antheraea_polyphemus_Lepidoptera_Saturniidae_">Foliage of Oaks Grown Under Elevated CO2 Reduces Performance of Antheraea polyphemus (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To understand how the increase in atmospheric CO 2 from human activity may affect leaf damage by forest insects, we examined host plant preference and larval performance of a generalist herbivore, Antheraea polyphemus Cram., that consumed... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48732202" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To understand how the increase in atmospheric CO 2 from human activity may affect leaf damage by forest insects, we examined host plant preference and larval performance of a generalist herbivore, Antheraea polyphemus Cram., that consumed foliage developed under ambient or elevated CO 2 . Larvae were fed leaves from Quercus alba L. and Quercus velutina Lam. grown under ambient or plus 200 l/liter CO 2 using free air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE). Lower digestibility of foliage, greater protein precipitation capacity in frass, and lower nitrogen concentration of larvae indicate that growth under elevated CO 2 reduced the food quality of oak leaves for caterpillars. Consuming leaves of either oak species grown under elevated CO 2 slowed the rate of development of A. polyphemus larvae. When given a choice, A. polyphemus larvae preferred Q. velutina leaves grown under ambient CO 2 ; feeding on foliage of this species grown under elevated CO 2 led to reduced consumption, slower growth, and greater mortality. Larvae compensated for the lower digestibility of Q. alba leaves grown under elevated CO 2 by increasing the efÞciency of conversion of ingested food into larval mass. Despite equivalent consumption rates, larvae grew larger when they consumed Q. alba leaves grown under elevated compared with ambient CO 2 . Reduced consumption, slower growth rates, and increased mortality of insect larvae may explain lower total leaf damage observed previously in plots in this forest exposed to elevated CO 2 . By subtly altering aspects of leaf chemistry, the ever-increasing concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere will change the trophic dynamics in forest ecosystems.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48732202" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="92d43ae697c8b7315cc4abb631ec0c60" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67204687,"asset_id":48732202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67204687/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10308649" href="https://ithaca.academia.edu/JasonHamilton">Jason Hamilton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10308649" type="text/json">{"id":10308649,"first_name":"Jason","last_name":"Hamilton","domain_name":"ithaca","page_name":"JasonHamilton","display_name":"Jason Hamilton","profile_url":"https://ithaca.academia.edu/JasonHamilton?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10308649/35557592/30795558/s65_jason.hamilton.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48732202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48732202"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48732202, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48732202", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48732202]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48732202").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48732202").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48732202"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1512" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change">Climate Change</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1512" type="text/json">{"id":1512,"name":"Climate Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide">Carbon Dioxide</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4594" type="text/json">{"id":4594,"name":"Carbon Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31356" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31356" type="text/json">{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48218" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_change">Global change</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="48218" type="text/json">{"id":48218,"name":"Global change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_change?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48732202]'), work: {"id":48732202,"title":"Foliage of Oaks Grown Under Elevated CO2 Reduces Performance of Antheraea polyphemus (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)","created_at":"2021-05-05T08:13:30.696-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48732202/Foliage_of_Oaks_Grown_Under_Elevated_CO2_Reduces_Performance_of_Antheraea_polyphemus_Lepidoptera_Saturniidae_?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_48732202","summary":"To understand how the increase in atmospheric CO 2 from human activity may affect leaf damage by forest insects, we examined host plant preference and larval performance of a generalist herbivore, Antheraea polyphemus Cram., that consumed foliage developed under ambient or elevated CO 2 . Larvae were fed leaves from Quercus alba L. and Quercus velutina Lam. grown under ambient or plus 200 l/liter CO 2 using free air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE). Lower digestibility of foliage, greater protein precipitation capacity in frass, and lower nitrogen concentration of larvae indicate that growth under elevated CO 2 reduced the food quality of oak leaves for caterpillars. Consuming leaves of either oak species grown under elevated CO 2 slowed the rate of development of A. polyphemus larvae. When given a choice, A. polyphemus larvae preferred Q. velutina leaves grown under ambient CO 2 ; feeding on foliage of this species grown under elevated CO 2 led to reduced consumption, slower growth, and greater mortality. Larvae compensated for the lower digestibility of Q. alba leaves grown under elevated CO 2 by increasing the efÞciency of conversion of ingested food into larval mass. Despite equivalent consumption rates, larvae grew larger when they consumed Q. alba leaves grown under elevated compared with ambient CO 2 . Reduced consumption, slower growth rates, and increased mortality of insect larvae may explain lower total leaf damage observed previously in plots in this forest exposed to elevated CO 2 . By subtly altering aspects of leaf chemistry, the ever-increasing concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere will change the trophic dynamics in forest ecosystems.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67204687,"asset_id":48732202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10308649,"first_name":"Jason","last_name":"Hamilton","domain_name":"ithaca","page_name":"JasonHamilton","display_name":"Jason Hamilton","profile_url":"https://ithaca.academia.edu/JasonHamilton?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10308649/35557592/30795558/s65_jason.hamilton.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1512,"name":"Climate Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":4594,"name":"Carbon Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":48218,"name":"Global change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_change?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":75942,"name":"Atmosphere","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atmosphere?f_ri=280967"},{"id":98508,"name":"Food Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Quality?f_ri=280967"},{"id":100713,"name":"Digestion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digestion?f_ri=280967"},{"id":141838,"name":"Herbivory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herbivory?f_ri=280967"},{"id":151091,"name":"Nitrogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen?f_ri=280967"},{"id":218692,"name":"Oak","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oak?f_ri=280967"},{"id":229230,"name":"Leaf Nitrogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leaf_Nitrogen?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":359455,"name":"Forest ecosystem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forest_ecosystem?f_ri=280967"},{"id":442493,"name":"Larva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Larva?f_ri=280967"},{"id":509556,"name":"Human Activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Activity?f_ri=280967"},{"id":533274,"name":"Growth rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth_rate?f_ri=280967"},{"id":537214,"name":"Moths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moths?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1133132,"name":"Environmental","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1302079,"name":"Host Plant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Plant?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61608290" data-work_id="61608290" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61608290/Field_trapping_of_tomato_moth_Tuta_absoluta_with_pheromone_traps">Field trapping of tomato moth, Tuta absoluta with pheromone traps</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Field evaluations demonstrate that the addition of the minor pheromone component (3E,8Z)-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate to the major component (3E,8Z,11Z)-tetradecatrien-1-yl acetate does not significantly increase the trap catches of Tuta... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61608290" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Field evaluations demonstrate that the addition of the minor pheromone component (3E,8Z)-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate to the major component (3E,8Z,11Z)-tetradecatrien-1-yl acetate does not significantly increase the trap catches of Tuta absoluta males in the field. The triene acetate itself is highly attractive, catching about 869 ± 255 males per trap in three consecutive nights. The addition of two isomers of the minor component (3E,8Z)-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate, (3E,11Z)-tetradecadienyl-yl acetate and (8Z,11Z)-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate, to the major component (3E,8Z,11Z)-tetradecatrien-1-yl acetate also did not significantly alter the number of the males caught in the traps.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61608290" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a64facf8de9a3db270cb6bba43596aab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74588706,"asset_id":61608290,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74588706/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58572178" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MMichereffFilho">Miguel Michereff-Filho</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58572178" type="text/json">{"id":58572178,"first_name":"Miguel","last_name":"Michereff-Filho","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MMichereffFilho","display_name":"Miguel Michereff-Filho","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MMichereffFilho?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61608290 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61608290"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61608290, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61608290", }); 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The triene acetate itself is highly attractive, catching about 869 ± 255 males per trap in three consecutive nights. The addition of two isomers of the minor component (3E,8Z)-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate, (3E,11Z)-tetradecadienyl-yl acetate and (8Z,11Z)-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate, to the major component (3E,8Z,11Z)-tetradecatrien-1-yl acetate also did not significantly alter the number of the males caught in the traps.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74588706,"asset_id":61608290,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58572178,"first_name":"Miguel","last_name":"Michereff-Filho","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MMichereffFilho","display_name":"Miguel Michereff-Filho","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MMichereffFilho?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4497,"name":"Chemical 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rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/71538030/Genetic_approaches_to_reducing_losses_of_stored_grain_to_insects_and_diseases">Genetic approaches to reducing losses of stored grain to insects and diseases</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71538030" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7098687" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidBergvinson">David Bergvinson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7098687" type="text/json">{"id":7098687,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Bergvinson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DavidBergvinson","display_name":"David Bergvinson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidBergvinson?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7098687/30497982/28256317/s65_david.bergvinson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71538030 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71538030"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71538030, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71538030", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71538030 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden 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$('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71538030]'), work: {"id":71538030,"title":"Genetic approaches to reducing losses of stored grain to insects and diseases","created_at":"2022-02-14T12:45:05.944-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71538030/Genetic_approaches_to_reducing_losses_of_stored_grain_to_insects_and_diseases?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_71538030","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7098687,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Bergvinson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DavidBergvinson","display_name":"David 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Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Resistance?f_ri=280967"},{"id":66973,"name":"Plant diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_diseases?f_ri=280967"},{"id":70854,"name":"Developing Country","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Country?f_ri=280967"},{"id":117269,"name":"Insects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Insects?f_ri=280967"},{"id":181936,"name":"Gene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene?f_ri=280967"},{"id":192319,"name":"Cereals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cereals?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":316015,"name":"Gen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gen?f_ri=280967"},{"id":370863,"name":"Zea mays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zea_mays?f_ri=280967"},{"id":486720,"name":"QTL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/QTL?f_ri=280967"},{"id":676073,"name":"Biological Pest Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Pest_Control?f_ri=280967"},{"id":852986,"name":"Stored-Grain Insects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stored-Grain_Insects?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1409692,"name":"Stored Grain Insects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stored_Grain_Insects?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15240942" data-work_id="15240942" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15240942/Pest_control_in_Albania_an_example_of_collaboration_in_technical_and_scientific_development_in_public_health">Pest control in Albania: an example of collaboration in technical and scientific development in public health</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In September 2007, a severe cockroach (Blattella germanica) infestation was reported on the premises of the Scutari Regional Hospital. The hospital was infested by cockroaches despite regular insecticide treatment by local pest control... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15240942" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In September 2007, a severe cockroach (Blattella germanica) infestation was reported on the premises of the Scutari Regional Hospital. The hospital was infested by cockroaches despite regular insecticide treatment by local pest control officers. The failure of treatment required a careful evaluation of the problem. It also created the opportunity for a more complete analysis of pest control in Albania.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15240942" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4fa8377ba6bbc93bc70b9b77eeae954d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38596124,"asset_id":15240942,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38596124/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33554845" href="https://izs.academia.edu/VeterinariaItaliana">Veterinaria Italiana</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33554845" type="text/json">{"id":33554845,"first_name":"Veterinaria","last_name":"Italiana","domain_name":"izs","page_name":"VeterinariaItaliana","display_name":"Veterinaria Italiana","profile_url":"https://izs.academia.edu/VeterinariaItaliana?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33554845/9905751/11113016/s65_veterinaria.italiana.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15240942 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15240942"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15240942, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15240942", }); 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The hospital was infested by cockroaches despite regular insecticide treatment by local pest control officers. The failure of treatment required a careful evaluation of the problem. It also created the opportunity for a more complete analysis of pest control in Albania.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38596124,"asset_id":15240942,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33554845,"first_name":"Veterinaria","last_name":"Italiana","domain_name":"izs","page_name":"VeterinariaItaliana","display_name":"Veterinaria Italiana","profile_url":"https://izs.academia.edu/VeterinariaItaliana?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33554845/9905751/11113016/s65_veterinaria.italiana.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7523,"name":"Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":23516,"name":"Integrated Pest Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Pest_Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":42734,"name":"Albania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Albania?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":43968,"name":"Cooperation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooperation?f_ri=280967"},{"id":180459,"name":"Aedes albopictus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aedes_albopictus?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1752829,"name":"Cockroach","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cockroach?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10247415" data-work_id="10247415" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10247415/Differential_gene_expression_in_whitefly_Bemisia_tabaci_infested_tomato_Solanum_lycopersicum_plants_at_progressing_developmental_stages_of_the_insects_life_cycle">Differential gene expression in whitefly Bemisia tabaci -infested tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) plants at progressing developmental stages of the insect's life cycle</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A suppression-subtractive-hybridization (SSH) strategy was used to identify genes whose expression was modified in response to virus-free whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Bt, biotype A) infestation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Thus,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10247415" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A suppression-subtractive-hybridization (SSH) strategy was used to identify genes whose expression was modified in response to virus-free whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Bt, biotype A) infestation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Thus, forward and reverse SSH gene libraries were generated at four points in the whitefly's life cycle, namely at (1) 2 days (adult feeding and oviposition: phase I); (2) 7 days (mobile crawler stage: phase II); (3) 12 days (second to third instar nymphal transition: phase III) and (4) 18 days (fourth instar nymphal stage: phase IV). The 169 genes with altered expression (up and downregulated) that were identified in the eight generated SSH libraries, together with 75 additional genes that were selected on the basis of their involvement in resistance responses against phytofagous insects and pathogens, were printed on a Nexterion® Slide MPX 16 to monitor their pattern of expression at the above phases. The results indicated that Bt infestation in tomato led to distinctive phase-specific expression/repression patterns of several genes associated predominantly with photosynthesis, senescence, secondary metabolism and (a)biotic stress. Most of the gene expression modifications were detected in phase III, coinciding with intense larval feeding, whereas fewer changes were detected in phases I and IV. These results complement previously reported gene expression profiles in Bt-infested tomato and Arabidopisis, and support and expand the opinion that Bt infestation leads to the downregulation of specific defense responses in addition to those controlled by jasmonic acid.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10247415" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="29ab056d4c3c4e39fd16f77dfe94d409" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47469382,"asset_id":10247415,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47469382/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25084245" href="https://cinvestav.academia.edu/JohnD%C3%A9lanoFrier">John P Délano-Frier</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25084245" type="text/json">{"id":25084245,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Délano-Frier","domain_name":"cinvestav","page_name":"JohnDélanoFrier","display_name":"John P Délano-Frier","profile_url":"https://cinvestav.academia.edu/JohnD%C3%A9lanoFrier?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10247415 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10247415"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10247415, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10247415", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10247415]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10247415").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10247415").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10247415"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5541" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology">Plant Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5541" type="text/json">{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27784" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression">Gene expression</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27784" type="text/json">{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43761" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transcriptome">Transcriptome</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43761" type="text/json">{"id":43761,"name":"Transcriptome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transcriptome?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57461" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Physiology">Plant Physiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57461" type="text/json">{"id":57461,"name":"Plant Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Physiology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10247415]'), work: {"id":10247415,"title":"Differential gene expression in whitefly Bemisia tabaci -infested tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) plants at progressing developmental stages of the insect's life cycle","created_at":"2015-01-20T08:56:11.773-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10247415/Differential_gene_expression_in_whitefly_Bemisia_tabaci_infested_tomato_Solanum_lycopersicum_plants_at_progressing_developmental_stages_of_the_insects_life_cycle?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_10247415","summary":"A suppression-subtractive-hybridization (SSH) strategy was used to identify genes whose expression was modified in response to virus-free whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Bt, biotype A) infestation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Thus, forward and reverse SSH gene libraries were generated at four points in the whitefly's life cycle, namely at (1) 2 days (adult feeding and oviposition: phase I); (2) 7 days (mobile crawler stage: phase II); (3) 12 days (second to third instar nymphal transition: phase III) and (4) 18 days (fourth instar nymphal stage: phase IV). The 169 genes with altered expression (up and downregulated) that were identified in the eight generated SSH libraries, together with 75 additional genes that were selected on the basis of their involvement in resistance responses against phytofagous insects and pathogens, were printed on a Nexterion® Slide MPX 16 to monitor their pattern of expression at the above phases. The results indicated that Bt infestation in tomato led to distinctive phase-specific expression/repression patterns of several genes associated predominantly with photosynthesis, senescence, secondary metabolism and (a)biotic stress. Most of the gene expression modifications were detected in phase III, coinciding with intense larval feeding, whereas fewer changes were detected in phases I and IV. These results complement previously reported gene expression profiles in Bt-infested tomato and Arabidopisis, and support and expand the opinion that Bt infestation leads to the downregulation of specific defense responses in addition to those controlled by jasmonic acid.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47469382,"asset_id":10247415,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25084245,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Délano-Frier","domain_name":"cinvestav","page_name":"JohnDélanoFrier","display_name":"John P Délano-Frier","profile_url":"https://cinvestav.academia.edu/JohnD%C3%A9lanoFrier?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":43761,"name":"Transcriptome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transcriptome?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":57461,"name":"Plant Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Physiology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":66973,"name":"Plant diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_diseases?f_ri=280967"},{"id":145223,"name":"Developmental Stages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Stages?f_ri=280967"},{"id":182962,"name":"Life Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Cycle?f_ri=280967"},{"id":188240,"name":"Tomato","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tomato?f_ri=280967"},{"id":211746,"name":"Hemiptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hemiptera?f_ri=280967"},{"id":233229,"name":"Genes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genes?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":380234,"name":"Nymphs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nymphs?f_ri=280967"},{"id":494366,"name":"Bemisia tabaci","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bemisia_tabaci?f_ri=280967"},{"id":499699,"name":"Oviposition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oviposition?f_ri=280967"},{"id":722449,"name":"Physiological Stress Markers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiological_Stress_Markers?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1033308,"name":"Solanum Lycopersicum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solanum_Lycopersicum?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1578784,"name":"Differential Gene Expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Gene_Expression?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1640340,"name":"Lycopersicon esculentum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lycopersicon_esculentum?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2221108,"name":"Physiologia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiologia?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15569223" data-work_id="15569223" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15569223/Feeding_Deterrence_and_Contact_Toxicity_of_Stemona_AlkaloidsA_Source_of_Potent_Natural_Insecticides">Feeding Deterrence and Contact Toxicity of Stemona AlkaloidsA Source of Potent Natural Insecticides</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">On the basis of chronic feeding bioassays with neonate larvae of Spodoptera littoralis reared on an artificial diet, the methanolic leaf and root extracts from Stemona collinsae displayed very high insect toxicity compared to those of two... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15569223" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">On the basis of chronic feeding bioassays with neonate larvae of Spodoptera littoralis reared on an artificial diet, the methanolic leaf and root extracts from Stemona collinsae displayed very high insect toxicity compared to those of two Aglaia species, a commercial Pyrethrum extract, and azadirachtin, whereas S. tuberosa extracts demonstrated low activity in roots and no activity in leaves. Beyond that, in leaf disk choice tests against fifth instar larvae, S. collinsae showed strong antifeedant activity, whereas S. tuberosa was characterized by remarkable repellency. The anti-insect properties of both species were based on pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine alkaloids, from which didehydrostemofoline (asparagamine A) was the major compound of the roots of S. collinsae, exhibiting the highest toxicity in feeding assays. Saturation and hydroxylation of the side chain in the co-occurring stemofoline and 2′-hydroxystemofoline, respectively, led to an increasing loss of activity. Contact toxicity tests with stemofoline and didehydrostemofoline exhibited even higher activities than those of Pyrethrum extract. Tuberostemonine was the dominating alkaloid in the roots of S. tuberosa, showing outstanding repellency but no toxic effects. a Contact toxicity was assessed using glass vials (area ) 0.75 dm 2 ) coated with solutions of seven different concentrations of test compounds (13−0.1 µg/ dm 2 for tuberostemonine and 133 µg/dm 2 for azadirachtin). After evaporation of the solvent, 20 neonate larvae were introduced into the vials, and survival rates were assessed after 48 h. From the dose−response curves, LC 50 values were calculated by probit-log analysis. Bioassays were conducted in triplicate or duplicate (tuberostemonine and azadirachtin). b Fiducial limits. c Not active at the concentration 133 µg/dm 2 .</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15569223" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d80feaa10ff23adf2d3bb6c38f6566ae" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43078204,"asset_id":15569223,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43078204/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34730502" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HaraldGreger">Harald Greger</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34730502" type="text/json">{"id":34730502,"first_name":"Harald","last_name":"Greger","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HaraldGreger","display_name":"Harald Greger","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HaraldGreger?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15569223 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15569223"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15569223, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15569223", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15569223]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15569223").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15569223").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15569223"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31356" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31356" type="text/json">{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="52972" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Insecticides">Insecticides</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="52972" type="text/json">{"id":52972,"name":"Insecticides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Insecticides?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="67405" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicity">Toxicity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="67405" type="text/json">{"id":67405,"name":"Toxicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15569223]'), work: {"id":15569223,"title":"Feeding Deterrence and Contact Toxicity of Stemona AlkaloidsA Source of Potent Natural Insecticides","created_at":"2015-09-10T02:09:24.439-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15569223/Feeding_Deterrence_and_Contact_Toxicity_of_Stemona_AlkaloidsA_Source_of_Potent_Natural_Insecticides?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_15569223","summary":"On the basis of chronic feeding bioassays with neonate larvae of Spodoptera littoralis reared on an artificial diet, the methanolic leaf and root extracts from Stemona collinsae displayed very high insect toxicity compared to those of two Aglaia species, a commercial Pyrethrum extract, and azadirachtin, whereas S. tuberosa extracts demonstrated low activity in roots and no activity in leaves. Beyond that, in leaf disk choice tests against fifth instar larvae, S. collinsae showed strong antifeedant activity, whereas S. tuberosa was characterized by remarkable repellency. The anti-insect properties of both species were based on pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine alkaloids, from which didehydrostemofoline (asparagamine A) was the major compound of the roots of S. collinsae, exhibiting the highest toxicity in feeding assays. Saturation and hydroxylation of the side chain in the co-occurring stemofoline and 2′-hydroxystemofoline, respectively, led to an increasing loss of activity. Contact toxicity tests with stemofoline and didehydrostemofoline exhibited even higher activities than those of Pyrethrum extract. Tuberostemonine was the dominating alkaloid in the roots of S. tuberosa, showing outstanding repellency but no toxic effects. a Contact toxicity was assessed using glass vials (area ) 0.75 dm 2 ) coated with solutions of seven different concentrations of test compounds (13−0.1 µg/ dm 2 for tuberostemonine and 133 µg/dm 2 for azadirachtin). After evaporation of the solvent, 20 neonate larvae were introduced into the vials, and survival rates were assessed after 48 h. From the dose−response curves, LC 50 values were calculated by probit-log analysis. Bioassays were conducted in triplicate or duplicate (tuberostemonine and azadirachtin). b Fiducial limits. c Not active at the concentration 133 µg/dm 2 .","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43078204,"asset_id":15569223,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34730502,"first_name":"Harald","last_name":"Greger","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HaraldGreger","display_name":"Harald Greger","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HaraldGreger?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":52972,"name":"Insecticides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Insecticides?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":67405,"name":"Toxicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":80715,"name":"ROOT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ROOT?f_ri=280967"},{"id":140708,"name":"Bioassay","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioassay?f_ri=280967"},{"id":161562,"name":"Alkaloids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alkaloids?f_ri=280967"},{"id":202399,"name":"Plant Roots","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Roots?f_ri=280967"},{"id":202574,"name":"Feeding Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feeding_Behavior?f_ri=280967"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":354056,"name":"Plant extracts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_extracts?f_ri=280967"},{"id":361141,"name":"Angiosperms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Angiosperms?f_ri=280967"},{"id":406914,"name":"Biopesticide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biopesticide?f_ri=280967"},{"id":442493,"name":"Larva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Larva?f_ri=280967"},{"id":596974,"name":"Agricultural and Food Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_and_Food_Chemistry?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1905343,"name":"Plant Leaves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Leaves?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2051936,"name":"Aglaia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aglaia?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15747275 coauthored" data-work_id="15747275" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15747275/Sex_pheromone_of_tomato_pestScrobipalpuloides_absoluta_Lepidoptera_Gelechiidae_">Sex pheromone of tomato pestScrobipalpuloides absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The sex attmctant of Scrobipalpuloides absoluta females is a 90:10 mixture of (3E,8Z, I IZ)-3,8,11-tetradecatrien-l-yl acetate and (3E,8Z)-3,8tetradecadien-l-yl acetate. Tetradecadienyt acetates bearing 8Z, I IZ; 3E,8Z; and 3E, 1 IZ... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15747275" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The sex attmctant of Scrobipalpuloides absoluta females is a 90:10 mixture of (3E,8Z, I IZ)-3,8,11-tetradecatrien-l-yl acetate and (3E,8Z)-3,8tetradecadien-l-yl acetate. Tetradecadienyt acetates bearing 8Z, I IZ; 3E,8Z; and 3E, 1 IZ double bonds were synthesized by stereospecific procedures; the mass spectral and gas chromatographic properties of the 3E,SZ isomer were found to be congruent with those of the tetradecadienyl acetate from S. absoluta. In wind tunnel bioassays, a 10:1 mixture of synthetic (3E,8Z, I IZ)-3,8,1 l-tetradecatrien-l-yl acetate and (3E,8Z)-3,8-tetradecadien-l-yl acetate was highly attractive to S. absoluta males. Interestingly, the presence of (8Z, I IZ)-8,1 l-tetradecadien-l-yl acetate (10%) inhibited the response to (3E,8Z, 1 IZ)-3,8, I 1 -tetradecatrien-l-yl acetate completely.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15747275" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ba2a7f2daa0aa4260040960645b90b64" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42910810,"asset_id":15747275,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42910810/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34939187" href="https://independent.academia.edu/David%C5%A0aman">David Šaman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34939187" type="text/json">{"id":34939187,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Šaman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DavidŠaman","display_name":"David Šaman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/David%C5%A0aman?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-15747275">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-15747275"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/RosaTSFrighetto">Rosa T. S. Frighetto</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-15747275'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-15747275').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15747275 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15747275"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15747275, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15747275", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15747275 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15747275; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15747275"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15747275 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15747275"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15747275; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15747275]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15747275").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15747275").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15747275"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4497" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Ecology">Chemical Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4497" type="text/json">{"id":4497,"name":"Chemical Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Ecology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14054" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical">Chemical</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14054" type="text/json">{"id":14054,"name":"Chemical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31356" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31356" type="text/json">{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15747275]'), work: {"id":15747275,"title":"Sex pheromone of tomato pestScrobipalpuloides absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)","created_at":"2015-09-15T22:06:16.328-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15747275/Sex_pheromone_of_tomato_pestScrobipalpuloides_absoluta_Lepidoptera_Gelechiidae_?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_15747275","summary":"The sex attmctant of Scrobipalpuloides absoluta females is a 90:10 mixture of (3E,8Z, I IZ)-3,8,11-tetradecatrien-l-yl acetate and (3E,8Z)-3,8tetradecadien-l-yl acetate. Tetradecadienyt acetates bearing 8Z, I IZ; 3E,8Z; and 3E, 1 IZ double bonds were synthesized by stereospecific procedures; the mass spectral and gas chromatographic properties of the 3E,SZ isomer were found to be congruent with those of the tetradecadienyl acetate from S. absoluta. In wind tunnel bioassays, a 10:1 mixture of synthetic (3E,8Z, I IZ)-3,8,1 l-tetradecatrien-l-yl acetate and (3E,8Z)-3,8-tetradecadien-l-yl acetate was highly attractive to S. absoluta males. Interestingly, the presence of (8Z, I IZ)-8,1 l-tetradecadien-l-yl acetate (10%) inhibited the response to (3E,8Z, 1 IZ)-3,8, I 1 -tetradecatrien-l-yl acetate completely.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42910810,"asset_id":15747275,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34939187,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Šaman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DavidŠaman","display_name":"David Šaman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/David%C5%A0aman?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":21217324,"first_name":"Rosa T. S.","last_name":"Frighetto","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RosaTSFrighetto","display_name":"Rosa T. S. Frighetto","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RosaTSFrighetto?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4497,"name":"Chemical Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Ecology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":14054,"name":"Chemical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":188240,"name":"Tomato","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tomato?f_ri=280967"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=280967"},{"id":271367,"name":"Wind Tunnel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wind_Tunnel?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":439619,"name":"Sex Pheromone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_Pheromone?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1431633,"name":"Chemical Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Structure?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33225266" data-work_id="33225266" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33225266/Home_range_size_and_selection_of_natal_den_and_diurnal_shelter_sites_by_urban_red_foxes_Vulpes_vulpes_in_Melbourne">Home-range size and selection of natal den and diurnal shelter sites by urban red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ) in Melbourne</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Selection of natal dens and diurnal shelters by red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) was investigated within the metropolitan area of Melbourne. Of 72 natal dens, 61% were in residential, public park, school or industrial lands. Most dens were... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33225266" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Selection of natal dens and diurnal shelters by red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) was investigated within the metropolitan area of Melbourne. Of 72 natal dens, 61% were in residential, public park, school or industrial lands. Most dens were beneath buildings (44.4%) or in earth banks (30.6%). The habitat categories in which dens were sited did not differ significantly from those described for London. Dens were more common beneath weatherboard buildings and were associated with properties that did not contain domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris). Diurnal shelter positions for 20 radio-collared foxes were obtained, and home-range data collected for 11 foxes. Estimated areas of adult home-range, for 100% minimum convex polygons (MCPs), varied between 11.5 and 45.8 ha, with from two to five diurnal shelter sites used in each home-range. Foxes showed a consistent preference for diurnal shelters associated with exotic weed infestations over ornamental and native vegetation or built habitats. Within these categories a diversity of substrates were used, including buildings, drains, graves, cypress trees, ornamental rockeries and garden beds. A preference for exotic weed infestations is an identifiable resource requirement for foxes in Melbourne and its removal may assist in reducing the abundance of urban foxes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33225266" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="91e7019e3260324f0390e0855e0e45e9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53301831,"asset_id":33225266,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53301831/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27315294" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CliveMarks">Clive A Marks</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27315294" type="text/json">{"id":27315294,"first_name":"Clive","last_name":"Marks","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CliveMarks","display_name":"Clive A Marks","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CliveMarks?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27315294/7761887/17099948/s65_clive.marks.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33225266 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33225266"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33225266, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33225266", }); 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Of 72 natal dens, 61% were in residential, public park, school or industrial lands. Most dens were beneath buildings (44.4%) or in earth banks (30.6%). The habitat categories in which dens were sited did not differ significantly from those described for London. Dens were more common beneath weatherboard buildings and were associated with properties that did not contain domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris). Diurnal shelter positions for 20 radio-collared foxes were obtained, and home-range data collected for 11 foxes. Estimated areas of adult home-range, for 100% minimum convex polygons (MCPs), varied between 11.5 and 45.8 ha, with from two to five diurnal shelter sites used in each home-range. Foxes showed a consistent preference for diurnal shelters associated with exotic weed infestations over ornamental and native vegetation or built habitats. Within these categories a diversity of substrates were used, including buildings, drains, graves, cypress trees, ornamental rockeries and garden beds. A preference for exotic weed infestations is an identifiable resource requirement for foxes in Melbourne and its removal may assist in reducing the abundance of urban foxes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53301831,"asset_id":33225266,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27315294,"first_name":"Clive","last_name":"Marks","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CliveMarks","display_name":"Clive A Marks","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CliveMarks?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27315294/7761887/17099948/s65_clive.marks.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":2809,"name":"Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":17825,"name":"Biodiversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":22413,"name":"Wildlife Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":80872,"name":"Scientific","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scientific?f_ri=280967"},{"id":109828,"name":"Fauna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fauna?f_ri=280967"},{"id":113579,"name":"Wildlife","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife?f_ri=280967"},{"id":133572,"name":"Wildlife Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Management?f_ri=280967"},{"id":227140,"name":"Red Fox","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Red_Fox?f_ri=280967"},{"id":239605,"name":"Introduced species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Introduced_species?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":384794,"name":"Vulpes vulpes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vulpes_vulpes?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3359498 coauthored" data-work_id="3359498" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3359498/Brevipalpus_californicus_B_obovatus_B_phoenicis_and_B_lewisi_Acari_Tenuipalpidae_a_Review_of_their_Biology_Feeding_Injury_and_Economic_Importance">Brevipalpus californicus , B. obovatus , B. phoenicis , and B. lewisi (Acari: Tenuipalpidae): a Review of their Biology, Feeding Injury and Economic Importance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The genus Brevipalpus includes most of the economically important species of Tenuipalpidae. Many Brevipalpus species reproduce by theletokous parthenogenesis while other species reproduce by male fertilization of female eggs. Previous... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3359498" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The genus Brevipalpus includes most of the economically important species of Tenuipalpidae. Many Brevipalpus species reproduce by theletokous parthenogenesis while other species reproduce by male fertilization of female eggs. Previous researchers have determined that Brevipalpus californicus (Banks), B. obovatus Donnadieu, and B. phoenicis (Geijskes) females were haploid with two chromosomes. The life cycle and developmental times for these three species are reviewed. Longevity of each Brevipalpus species is two to three times greater than corresponding longevities of various tetranychid mites. Brevipalpus mites inject toxic saliva into fruits, leaves, stems, twigs, and bud tissues of numerous plants including citrus. Feeding injury symptoms on selected plants include: chlorosis, blistering, bronzing, or necrotic areas on leaves by one or more Brevipalpus mites. Premature leaf drop occurred on ‘Robinson’ tangerine leaves in Florida (USA). Leaf drop was observed in several sweet orange and grapefruit orchards in Texas (USA) that were heavily infested with Brevipalpus mites feeding on the twigs, leaves, and fruit. Initial circular chlorotic areas appear on both sweet orange and grapefruit varieties in association with developing populations of Brevipalpus mites in Texas. These feeding sites become progressively necrotic, darker in color, and eventually develop into irregular scab-like lesions on affected fruit. Russeting and cracking of the fruits of other plant hosts are reported. Stunting of leaves and the development of Brevipalpus galls on terminal buds were recorded on sour orange, Citrus aurantium L., seedlings heavily infested with B. californicus in an insectary. The most significant threat posed by these mites is as vectors of a potentially invasive viral disease called citrus leprosis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3359498" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="babdf1bb01bb04c045183c0c75184882" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50316427,"asset_id":3359498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50316427/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3898793" href="https://uprm.academia.edu/JoseCarlosVerleRodrigues">Jose Carlos Verle Rodrigues</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3898793" type="text/json">{"id":3898793,"first_name":"Jose Carlos","last_name":"Verle Rodrigues","domain_name":"uprm","page_name":"JoseCarlosVerleRodrigues","display_name":"Jose Carlos Verle Rodrigues","profile_url":"https://uprm.academia.edu/JoseCarlosVerleRodrigues?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3898793/1445494/1769105/s65_jose_carlos.verle_rodrigues.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-3359498">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-3359498"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/CarlChilders">Carl Childers</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-3359498'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-3359498').html(); 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Many Brevipalpus species reproduce by theletokous parthenogenesis while other species reproduce by male fertilization of female eggs. Previous researchers have determined that Brevipalpus californicus (Banks), B. obovatus Donnadieu, and B. phoenicis (Geijskes) females were haploid with two chromosomes. The life cycle and developmental times for these three species are reviewed. Longevity of each Brevipalpus species is two to three times greater than corresponding longevities of various tetranychid mites. Brevipalpus mites inject toxic saliva into fruits, leaves, stems, twigs, and bud tissues of numerous plants including citrus. Feeding injury symptoms on selected plants include: chlorosis, blistering, bronzing, or necrotic areas on leaves by one or more Brevipalpus mites. Premature leaf drop occurred on ‘Robinson’ tangerine leaves in Florida (USA). Leaf drop was observed in several sweet orange and grapefruit orchards in Texas (USA) that were heavily infested with Brevipalpus mites feeding on the twigs, leaves, and fruit. Initial circular chlorotic areas appear on both sweet orange and grapefruit varieties in association with developing populations of Brevipalpus mites in Texas. These feeding sites become progressively necrotic, darker in color, and eventually develop into irregular scab-like lesions on affected fruit. Russeting and cracking of the fruits of other plant hosts are reported. Stunting of leaves and the development of Brevipalpus galls on terminal buds were recorded on sour orange, Citrus aurantium L., seedlings heavily infested with B. californicus in an insectary. The most significant threat posed by these mites is as vectors of a potentially invasive viral disease called citrus leprosis.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50316427,"asset_id":3359498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3898793,"first_name":"Jose Carlos","last_name":"Verle Rodrigues","domain_name":"uprm","page_name":"JoseCarlosVerleRodrigues","display_name":"Jose Carlos Verle Rodrigues","profile_url":"https://uprm.academia.edu/JoseCarlosVerleRodrigues?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3898793/1445494/1769105/s65_jose_carlos.verle_rodrigues.jpg"},{"id":33633438,"first_name":"Carl","last_name":"Childers","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CarlChilders","display_name":"Carl Childers","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CarlChilders?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":64885,"name":"Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_and_Applied_Aerodynamics?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":65133,"name":"Parthenogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthenogenesis?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":66973,"name":"Plant diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_diseases?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":82145,"name":"Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virus?f_ri=280967"},{"id":165105,"name":"Male Fertility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male_Fertility?f_ri=280967"},{"id":182962,"name":"Life Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Cycle?f_ri=280967"},{"id":220614,"name":"Citrus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Citrus?f_ri=280967"},{"id":226774,"name":"VECTOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VECTOR?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":348029,"name":"Fertilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fertilization?f_ri=280967"},{"id":974702,"name":"Mites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mites?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23975339" data-work_id="23975339" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23975339/Influence_of_citrus_orchard_ground_cover_plants_on_arthropod_communities_in_China_A_review">Influence of citrus orchard ground cover plants on arthropod communities in China: A review</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The weed Ageratum conyzoides, as well as other weeds which are beneficial for natural enemies of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri, has been planted or conserved as ground cover in an area of 135 000 ha of citrus orchards in China.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23975339" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The weed Ageratum conyzoides, as well as other weeds which are beneficial for natural enemies of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri, has been planted or conserved as ground cover in an area of 135 000 ha of citrus orchards in China. Substantial ecological and economic benefits have been achieved. Studies on the effect of ground cover plants on arthropods in ground cover and in citrus trees are summarized. Ground cover plants function as supplementary sources of natural enemies of citrus arthropod pests.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23975339" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2c35d117391d4e6aea321fba2dd73b0a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44365040,"asset_id":23975339,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44365040/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="46315852" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WeiguangLiang">Weiguang Liang</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="46315852" type="text/json">{"id":46315852,"first_name":"Weiguang","last_name":"Liang","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WeiguangLiang","display_name":"Weiguang Liang","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WeiguangLiang?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23975339 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23975339"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23975339, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23975339", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23975339]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23975339").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23975339").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23975339"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10225" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture">Agriculture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10225" type="text/json">{"id":10225,"name":"Agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12108" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China">China</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12108" type="text/json">{"id":12108,"name":"China","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58054" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences">Environmental Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58054" type="text/json">{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="224636" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vegetation">Vegetation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="224636" type="text/json">{"id":224636,"name":"Vegetation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vegetation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23975339]'), work: {"id":23975339,"title":"Influence of citrus orchard ground cover plants on arthropod communities in China: A review","created_at":"2016-04-03T15:35:06.094-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23975339/Influence_of_citrus_orchard_ground_cover_plants_on_arthropod_communities_in_China_A_review?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_23975339","summary":"The weed Ageratum conyzoides, as well as other weeds which are beneficial for natural enemies of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri, has been planted or conserved as ground cover in an area of 135 000 ha of citrus orchards in China. Substantial ecological and economic benefits have been achieved. Studies on the effect of ground cover plants on arthropods in ground cover and in citrus trees are summarized. Ground cover plants function as supplementary sources of natural enemies of citrus arthropod pests.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44365040,"asset_id":23975339,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":46315852,"first_name":"Weiguang","last_name":"Liang","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WeiguangLiang","display_name":"Weiguang Liang","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WeiguangLiang?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10225,"name":"Agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":12108,"name":"China","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":224636,"name":"Vegetation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vegetation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":290137,"name":"Chine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chine?f_ri=280967"},{"id":461840,"name":"Biocenosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biocenosis?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_693855" data-work_id="693855" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/693855/Reduction_of_egg_hatch_in_pear_psylla_Homoptera_Psyllidae_after_contact_by_adults_with_insect_growth_regulators">Reduction of egg hatch in pear psylla (Homoptera: Psyllidae) after contact by adults with insect growth regulators</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola Foerster, adults that had contacted substrates treated with the insect growth regulators fenoxycarb or pyriproxyfen were allowed to oviposit on untreated plants. Eggs from treated insects had a reduction... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_693855" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola Foerster, adults that had contacted substrates treated with the insect growth regulators fenoxycarb or pyriproxyfen were allowed to oviposit on untreated plants. Eggs from treated insects had a reduction in hatch for up to 2 wk after treatment. The reduction was dependent on duration of contact with the treated surface. A pyriproxyfen-impregnated yellow tape has been developed and may assist in an attract-andsterilize approach to management of pear psylla. Contact durations of as little as 5 s with this product reduced egg hatch in psylla for 1 wk after exposure.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/693855" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3ccfa3580a62fa1a0e8fb4e2e49da083" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51289893,"asset_id":693855,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51289893/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="511346" href="https://independent.academia.edu/tomdeboon">tom deboon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="511346" type="text/json">{"id":511346,"first_name":"tom","last_name":"deboon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"tomdeboon","display_name":"tom deboon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/tomdeboon?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_693855 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="693855"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 693855, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_693855", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_693855 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 693855; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_693855"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_693855 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="693855"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 693855; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=693855]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_693855").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_693855").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="693855"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="67405" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicity">Toxicity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="67405" type="text/json">{"id":67405,"name":"Toxicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="280967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST">PEST</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="280967" type="text/json">{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="453523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egg">Egg</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="453523" type="text/json">{"id":453523,"name":"Egg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egg?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=693855]'), work: {"id":693855,"title":"Reduction of egg hatch in pear psylla (Homoptera: Psyllidae) after contact by adults with insect growth regulators","created_at":"2011-06-24T14:50:53.536-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/693855/Reduction_of_egg_hatch_in_pear_psylla_Homoptera_Psyllidae_after_contact_by_adults_with_insect_growth_regulators?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_693855","summary":"Pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola Foerster, adults that had contacted substrates treated with the insect growth regulators fenoxycarb or pyriproxyfen were allowed to oviposit on untreated plants. Eggs from treated insects had a reduction in hatch for up to 2 wk after treatment. The reduction was dependent on duration of contact with the treated surface. A pyriproxyfen-impregnated yellow tape has been developed and may assist in an attract-andsterilize approach to management of pear psylla. Contact durations of as little as 5 s with this product reduced egg hatch in psylla for 1 wk after exposure.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51289893,"asset_id":693855,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":511346,"first_name":"tom","last_name":"deboon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"tomdeboon","display_name":"tom deboon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/tomdeboon?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":67405,"name":"Toxicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":453523,"name":"Egg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egg?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":523097,"name":"Economic Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Entomology?f_ri=280967"},{"id":783432,"name":"Biological activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_activity?f_ri=280967"},{"id":843856,"name":"Ecological Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Applications?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1117206,"name":"Economic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27224007" data-work_id="27224007" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27224007/Effect_of_apple_orchard_floor_vegetation_on_density_and_dispersal_of_phytophagous_and_predaceous_mites_in_Utah">Effect of apple orchard floor vegetation on density and dispersal of phytophagous and predaceous mites in Utah</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Studies were conducted in four northern Utah apple orchards in 1990 and 1991 to determine the influence of orchard ground cover composition on density and dispersal of phytophagous and predaceous mites. The dispersal of phytophagous mites... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27224007" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Studies were conducted in four northern Utah apple orchards in 1990 and 1991 to determine the influence of orchard ground cover composition on density and dispersal of phytophagous and predaceous mites. The dispersal of phytophagous mites from ground cover plants into trees was enhanced by the presence of seven broadleafweeds (common mallow, field bindweed, knotweed, morning glory, prickly lettuce, puncture vine, and white sweetclover) and apple root suckers that served as reproductive hosts for the mites (i.e. spider mite eggs, immatures, and adults were observed). Orchards with a total ground vegetation cover of 50% or more and less than 12% cover of reproductive host plants for mites had adequate predaceous mite populations to maintain phytophagous mite densities in trees below economically damaging levels.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27224007" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fe46b571013a0496ce3446f2667f58ed" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47481627,"asset_id":27224007,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47481627/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51281857" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlstonDiane">Diane Alston</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51281857" type="text/json">{"id":51281857,"first_name":"Diane","last_name":"Alston","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlstonDiane","display_name":"Diane Alston","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlstonDiane?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27224007 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27224007"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27224007, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27224007", }); 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The dispersal of phytophagous mites from ground cover plants into trees was enhanced by the presence of seven broadleafweeds (common mallow, field bindweed, knotweed, morning glory, prickly lettuce, puncture vine, and white sweetclover) and apple root suckers that served as reproductive hosts for the mites (i.e. spider mite eggs, immatures, and adults were observed). Orchards with a total ground vegetation cover of 50% or more and less than 12% cover of reproductive host plants for mites had adequate predaceous mite populations to maintain phytophagous mite densities in trees below economically damaging levels.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47481627,"asset_id":27224007,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51281857,"first_name":"Diane","last_name":"Alston","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlstonDiane","display_name":"Diane Alston","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlstonDiane?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10225,"name":"Agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":57608,"name":"Dispersion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dispersion?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":109828,"name":"Fauna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fauna?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":162645,"name":"Population Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Density?f_ri=280967"},{"id":224636,"name":"Vegetation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vegetation?f_ri=280967"},{"id":235379,"name":"Predator","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predator?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2480666" data-work_id="2480666" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2480666/Comparative_toxicity_of_Rosmarinus_officinalis_L_essential_oil_and_blends_of_its_major_constituents_against_Tetranychus_urticae_Koch_Acari_Tetranychidae_on_two_">Comparative toxicity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil and blends of its major constituents against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on two …</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Bioassays of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil and blends of its major constituents were conducted using host-specific strains of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on bean and tomato plants. Two constituents... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2480666" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Bioassays of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil and blends of its major constituents were conducted using host-specific strains of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on bean and tomato plants. Two constituents tested individually against a bean host strain and five constituents tested individually against a tomato host strain accounted for most of the toxicity of the natural oil. Other constituents were relatively inactive when tested individually. Toxicity of blends of selected constituents indicated a synergistic effect among the active and inactive constituents, with the presence of all constituents necessary to equal the toxicity of the natural oil.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2480666" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b1408def8167fa2944c2b467ec8ee49" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30499752,"asset_id":2480666,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30499752/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3233712" href="https://ufes.academia.edu/LauanaPellandadeSouza">Lauana Pellanda de Souza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3233712" type="text/json">{"id":3233712,"first_name":"Lauana","last_name":"Pellanda de Souza","domain_name":"ufes","page_name":"LauanaPellandadeSouza","display_name":"Lauana Pellanda de Souza","profile_url":"https://ufes.academia.edu/LauanaPellandadeSouza?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3233712/1065350/1329996/s65_lauana.pellanda_de_souza.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2480666 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2480666"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2480666, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2480666", }); 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Two constituents tested individually against a bean host strain and five constituents tested individually against a tomato host strain accounted for most of the toxicity of the natural oil. Other constituents were relatively inactive when tested individually. 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class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25483958/Mammalian_phosphoinositide_kinases_and_phosphatases">Mammalian phosphoinositide kinases and phosphatases</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Phosphoinositides are lipids that are present in the cytoplasmic leaflet of a cell's plasma and internal membranes and play pivotal roles in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular processes. Phosphoinositides are molecularly diverse... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25483958" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Phosphoinositides are lipids that are present in the cytoplasmic leaflet of a cell's plasma and internal membranes and play pivotal roles in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular processes. Phosphoinositides are molecularly diverse due to variable phosphorylation of the hydroxyl groups of their inositol rings. The rapid and reversible configuration of the seven known phosphoinositide species is controlled by a battery of phosphoinositide kinases and phosphoinositide phosphatases, which are thus critical for phosphoinositide isomer-specific localization and functions. Significantly, a given phosphoinositide generated by different isozymes of these phosphoinositide kinases and phosphatases can have different biological effects. In mammals, close to 50 genes encode the phosphoinositide kinases and phosphoinositide phosphatases that regulate phosphoinositide metabolism and thus allow cells to respond rapidly and effectively to ever-changing environmental cues. Understanding the distinct and overlapping functions of these phosphoinositide-metabolizing enzymes is important for our knowledge of both normal human physiology and the growing list of human diseases whose etiologies involve these proteins. This review summarizes the structural and biological properties of all the known mammalian phosphoinositide kinases and phosphoinositide phosphatases, as well as their associations with human disorders. phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10; PTPMT1, protein tyrosine phosphatase localized to the mitochondrion-1; PX, phox; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor-jB ligand; RhoGDI, guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of Rho; ROCK, Rho kinase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; S6K, S6 kinase; Sac, suppressor of actin; SAM, sterile a motif; SBF1, SET binding factor 1; SCF, stem cell factor; SDF1, stromal cell-derived factor-1; SET, Suvar3-9 Enhancer-of-zeste Trithorax; SH2, Src homology 2; SHIP, SH2-containing inositol phosphatase; SID, SET-interacting domain; SKICH, SKIP carboxyl homology; SKIP, skeletal muscle-and kidney-enriched inositol polyphosphate phosphatase</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25483958" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b149e27ee72601f4413070b7abaf557" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45802064,"asset_id":25483958,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45802064/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48939830" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AkiraSuzuki6">rっrrｒ🙆‍♀️pピースポロニックポロニ😗~っ™ってぷpｐー~ポpーーおpｐーーーーっぽぅIい Suzukiおーーｐーっっpp ~~p</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48939830" type="text/json">{"id":48939830,"first_name":"rっrrｒ🙆‍♀️pピースポロニックポロニ😗~っ™ってぷpｐー~ポpーーおpｐーーーーっぽぅIい","last_name":"Suzukiおーーｐーっっpp ~~p","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AkiraSuzuki6","display_name":"rっrrｒ🙆‍♀️pピースポロニックポロニ😗~っ™ってぷpｐー~ポpーーおpｐーーーーっぽぅIい Suzukiおーーｐーっっpp ~~p","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AkiraSuzuki6?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25483958 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25483958"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25483958, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25483958", }); 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js-work-card work_32923214 coauthored" data-work_id="32923214" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32923214/Evaluation_of_the_Host_Status_of_Mature_Green_Papayas_Maradol_for_the_Mexican_Fruit_Fly_Diptera_Tephritidae_">Evaluation of the Host Status of Mature Green Papayas ‘Maradol’ for the Mexican Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The suitability of mature green ÔMaradolÕ papaya as a host of Anastrepha ludens (Loew) was studied under Þeld and laboratory conditions. Field tests were conducted on commercial-ripened and spot-ripened fruit in two orchards and during... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32923214" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The suitability of mature green ÔMaradolÕ papaya as a host of Anastrepha ludens (Loew) was studied under Þeld and laboratory conditions. Field tests were conducted on commercial-ripened and spot-ripened fruit in two orchards and during two seasons in the state of Chiapas. Fruits at exportation ripeness are in "commercial ripeness," while fruits that are harvested immediately preceding exportation ripeness are in "spot ripeness." The Þeld tests consisted of forced infestation experiments that evaluated papayas at two ripeness stages: the commercial-or exportation-ripened fruit (green fruits with one or two yellow stripes) and fruit before exportation ripeness called "spot ripeness." These tests were conducted in two orchards and during two seasons in the state of Chiapas, Mexico. Laboratory trials were performed with commercial-ripened fruit only. Fruit from four different postharvest periods (3, 24, 48, and 72 h) were exposed to groups of gravid ßies. No larvae emerged from the fruit that was collected in the Þeld experiments. However, some larvae and several fertile ßies were obtained from the commercial-ripened fruit 72 h postharvest but not 3, 24, and 48 h postharvest in the laboratory. The results of this study indicate that the commercially ripe fruits of papaya Maradol were resistant to or free from infestation of A. ludens ßies under Þeld conditions, though these fruits must be considered nonnatural, conditional host because they became infested in the laboratory.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32923214" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="956621accb61f548075632a8d90123e6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53057679,"asset_id":32923214,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53057679/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8277051" href="https://independent.academia.edu/josearredondo">jose arredondo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8277051" type="text/json">{"id":8277051,"first_name":"jose","last_name":"arredondo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"josearredondo","display_name":"jose arredondo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/josearredondo?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-32923214">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-32923214"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/LiaRuiz2">Lía Ruíz</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uv-mx.academia.edu/FranciscoD%C3%ADazFleischer">Francisco Díaz Fleischer</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-32923214'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-32923214').html(); 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Field tests were conducted on commercial-ripened and spot-ripened fruit in two orchards and during two seasons in the state of Chiapas. Fruits at exportation ripeness are in \"commercial ripeness,\" while fruits that are harvested immediately preceding exportation ripeness are in \"spot ripeness.\" The Þeld tests consisted of forced infestation experiments that evaluated papayas at two ripeness stages: the commercial-or exportation-ripened fruit (green fruits with one or two yellow stripes) and fruit before exportation ripeness called \"spot ripeness.\" These tests were conducted in two orchards and during two seasons in the state of Chiapas, Mexico. Laboratory trials were performed with commercial-ripened fruit only. Fruit from four different postharvest periods (3, 24, 48, and 72 h) were exposed to groups of gravid ßies. No larvae emerged from the fruit that was collected in the Þeld experiments. However, some larvae and several fertile ßies were obtained from the commercial-ripened fruit 72 h postharvest but not 3, 24, and 48 h postharvest in the laboratory. The results of this study indicate that the commercially ripe fruits of papaya Maradol were resistant to or free from infestation of A. ludens ßies under Þeld conditions, though these fruits must be considered nonnatural, conditional host because they became infested in the laboratory.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53057679,"asset_id":32923214,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8277051,"first_name":"jose","last_name":"arredondo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"josearredondo","display_name":"jose arredondo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/josearredondo?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":64172812,"first_name":"Lía","last_name":"Ruíz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LiaRuiz2","display_name":"Lía Ruíz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LiaRuiz2?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":838665,"first_name":"Francisco","last_name":"Díaz Fleischer","domain_name":"uv-mx","page_name":"FranciscoDíazFleischer","display_name":"Francisco Díaz Fleischer","profile_url":"https://uv-mx.academia.edu/FranciscoD%C3%ADazFleischer?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/838665/295042/3333997/s65_francisco.d_az_fleischer.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":499699,"name":"Oviposition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oviposition?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":523097,"name":"Economic Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Entomology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":843856,"name":"Ecological Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Applications?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2645023,"name":"Host","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6872261" data-work_id="6872261" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6872261/A_review_on_the_role_of_predatory_soil_nematodes_in_the_biological_control_of_plant_parasitic_nematodes">A review on the role of predatory soil nematodes in the biological control of plant parasitic nematodes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Predatory nematodes feed on soil microorganisms including plant parasitic nematodes. They reduce populations of plant parasitic nematodes in virtually all soils because of their constant association with plant parasitic nematodes in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6872261" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Predatory nematodes feed on soil microorganisms including plant parasitic nematodes. They reduce populations of plant parasitic nematodes in virtually all soils because of their constant association with plant parasitic nematodes in the rhizosphere, and also release nutrients in plant-available forms, which may enable plants to better withstand nematode burden on their roots. Predation by nematodes of the orders Mononchida, Diplogasterida, Dorylaimida and Aphelenchida, has been studied but the data available in field/natural conditions are insufficient to conclude whether they are effective biocontrol agents of plant parasitic nematodes. However, among the different types of predators, diplogasterids are the most suited for biocontrol of nematodes, because of their short life cycles, easy culture, prey-specificity, chemotaxis sense and resistance to adverse conditions. This article summarizes progress to date and suggests ways to encourage the use of predatory nematodes as biocontrol agents in the management of plant parasitic nematodes. #</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6872261" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="89653746eaec981885a3bf0e33450c64" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48689884,"asset_id":6872261,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48689884/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11504634" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZakaullahKhan">Zakaullah Khan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11504634" type="text/json">{"id":11504634,"first_name":"Zakaullah","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ZakaullahKhan","display_name":"Zakaullah Khan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZakaullahKhan?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11504634/3673697/4307106/s65_zakaullah.khan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6872261 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6872261"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6872261, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6872261", }); 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They reduce populations of plant parasitic nematodes in virtually all soils because of their constant association with plant parasitic nematodes in the rhizosphere, and also release nutrients in plant-available forms, which may enable plants to better withstand nematode burden on their roots. Predation by nematodes of the orders Mononchida, Diplogasterida, Dorylaimida and Aphelenchida, has been studied but the data available in field/natural conditions are insufficient to conclude whether they are effective biocontrol agents of plant parasitic nematodes. However, among the different types of predators, diplogasterids are the most suited for biocontrol of nematodes, because of their short life cycles, easy culture, prey-specificity, chemotaxis sense and resistance to adverse conditions. This article summarizes progress to date and suggests ways to encourage the use of predatory nematodes as biocontrol agents in the management of plant parasitic nematodes. #","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48689884,"asset_id":6872261,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11504634,"first_name":"Zakaullah","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ZakaullahKhan","display_name":"Zakaullah Khan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZakaullahKhan?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11504634/3673697/4307106/s65_zakaullah.khan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":421,"name":"Soil Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Science?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":23515,"name":"Biological Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Control?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":57114,"name":"Soil fauna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_fauna?f_ri=280967"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":88930,"name":"Predation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predation?f_ri=280967"},{"id":109828,"name":"Fauna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fauna?f_ri=280967"},{"id":122409,"name":"Microfauna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microfauna?f_ri=280967"},{"id":182962,"name":"Life Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Cycle?f_ri=280967"},{"id":235379,"name":"Predator","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predator?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43729964" data-work_id="43729964" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43729964/Mark_Beumer_Recensie_A_H_M_Kerkhoff_Per_imperatief_plakkaat_Overheid_en_pestbestrijding_in_de_Zeven_Verenigde_Nederlanden_Verloren_2020_in_Kleio_Historia_nr_12_2020_">Mark Beumer (Recensie) A.H.M. Kerkhoff, Per imperatief plakkaat. Overheid en pestbestrijding in de Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden (Verloren 2020) in: Kleio-Historia, nr. 12. 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u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="226774" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VECTOR">VECTOR</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="226774" type="text/json">{"id":226774,"name":"VECTOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VECTOR?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="280967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST">PEST</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="280967" type="text/json">{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30150261]'), work: {"id":30150261,"title":"Les cicadiaires vecteurs potentiels de phytopathogènes en vignoble tunisien (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Fulgoromorpha)","created_at":"2016-11-29T00:44:34.214-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30150261/Les_cicadiaires_vecteurs_potentiels_de_phytopathog%C3%A8nes_en_vignoble_tunisien_Hemiptera_Cicadomorpha_Fulgoromorpha_?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_30150261","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50608215,"asset_id":30150261,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":57382783,"first_name":"Mounira","last_name":"Harbi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MouniraHarbi","display_name":"Mounira Harbi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MouniraHarbi?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":57405972,"first_name":"Sonia","last_name":"Boukhris-Bouhachem","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SoniaBoukhrisBouhachem","display_name":"Sonia Boukhris-Bouhachem","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SoniaBoukhrisBouhachem?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":226774,"name":"VECTOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VECTOR?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51381355" data-work_id="51381355" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51381355/On_bias_precision_and_accuracy_in_wildlife_aerial_surveys">On bias, precision and accuracy in wildlife aerial surveys</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Bias, precision and accuracy have been studied extensively in wildlife population estimation including aerial surveys. A review of the literature shows that the concepts of bias and precision are used broadly consistently. Aerial survey... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51381355" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Bias, precision and accuracy have been studied extensively in wildlife population estimation including aerial surveys. A review of the literature shows that the concepts of bias and precision are used broadly consistently. Aerial survey data from known populations of feral pig carcases and white-tailed deer show that few density estimates are unbiased and precise. Research is needed, however, to clarify how much bias and how much precision are enough for the various types of wildlife management activities. Accuracy is used in two closely related but different ways. One set of definitions of accuracy relates to deviations from the true value (bias) and the second set relates to squared deviations from the true value (bias and precision). The implications are that authors are encouraged to clearly state which definition of accuracy they use, or focus solely on bias and precision.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51381355" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="10a832b870bfca005aaa4001c63652f9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69130330,"asset_id":51381355,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69130330/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36629135" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JimHone">Jim Hone</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36629135" type="text/json">{"id":36629135,"first_name":"Jim","last_name":"Hone","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JimHone","display_name":"Jim Hone","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JimHone?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51381355 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51381355"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51381355, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51381355", }); 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A review of the literature shows that the concepts of bias and precision are used broadly consistently. Aerial survey data from known populations of feral pig carcases and white-tailed deer show that few density estimates are unbiased and precise. Research is needed, however, to clarify how much bias and how much precision are enough for the various types of wildlife management activities. Accuracy is used in two closely related but different ways. One set of definitions of accuracy relates to deviations from the true value (bias) and the second set relates to squared deviations from the true value (bias and precision). The implications are that authors are encouraged to clearly state which definition of accuracy they use, or focus solely on bias and precision.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69130330,"asset_id":51381355,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":36629135,"first_name":"Jim","last_name":"Hone","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JimHone","display_name":"Jim Hone","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JimHone?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":2809,"name":"Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":17825,"name":"Biodiversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":22413,"name":"Wildlife Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":80872,"name":"Scientific","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scientific?f_ri=280967"},{"id":109828,"name":"Fauna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fauna?f_ri=280967"},{"id":113579,"name":"Wildlife","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife?f_ri=280967"},{"id":133572,"name":"Wildlife Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Management?f_ri=280967"},{"id":155790,"name":"Aerial Survey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerial_Survey?f_ri=280967"},{"id":239605,"name":"Introduced species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Introduced_species?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47887695" data-work_id="47887695" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47887695/Do_ungulates_accelerate_or_decelerate_nitrogen_cycling">Do ungulates accelerate or decelerate nitrogen cycling?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plants and animals, and N may be limiting in many western US grassland and shrubland ungulate winter ranges. Ungulates may influence N pools and they may alter N inputs and outputs (losses) to the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47887695" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plants and animals, and N may be limiting in many western US grassland and shrubland ungulate winter ranges. Ungulates may influence N pools and they may alter N inputs and outputs (losses) to the ecosystem in a number of ways. In this paper we compare the ecosystem effects of ungulate herbivory in two western national parks, Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), Colorado, and Yellowstone National Park (YNP), Wyoming. We compare ungulate herbivory effects on N pools, N fluxes, N yields, and plant productivity in the context of the accelerating and decelerating nutrient cycling scenarios [Ecology 79 (1998) 165]. We concluded that the YNP grasslands fit the accelerating nutrient cycling scenario for ungulate herbivory: in response to grazing, grassland plant species abundance was largely unaltered, net annual aboveground primary productivity (NAPP) was stimulated (except during drought), consumption of key Nrich forages by ungulates was moderate and their abundance was sustained, soil N mineralization rates doubled, N pools increased, aboveground N yield increased, and N concentrations increased in most grassland plant species. Grazing in grasslands in RMNP resulted in no consistent detectable acceleration or deceleration of nutrient cycling. Grazing effects in short willow and aspen vegetation types in RMNP fit the decelerating nutrient cycling scenario of Ritchie et al. [Ecology 79 (1998) 165]. Key Nrich forages declined due to herbivory (willows, aspen, herbaceous vegetation). Aboveground production declined, soil N mineralization rates declined, N pools declined (NO 3 À pools were 30% that of ungrazed controls), and aboveground N yield declined. We believe that the higher ungulate densities and rates of plant consumption in RMNP, large declines in N-rich forage plants, and possibly a tendency of ungulates to move N from willow and aspen vegetation types to other types in RMNP, contributed to deceleration of nutrient cycling in two vegetation types in RMNP compared to acceleration in grasslands in YNP. #</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47887695" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8a6ee604494cb798ea75ec934f8aecdf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66782272,"asset_id":47887695,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66782272/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38456025" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KathrynSchoenecker">Kathryn Schoenecker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38456025" type="text/json">{"id":38456025,"first_name":"Kathryn","last_name":"Schoenecker","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KathrynSchoenecker","display_name":"Kathryn Schoenecker","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KathrynSchoenecker?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47887695 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47887695"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47887695, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47887695", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47887695]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47887695").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47887695").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47887695"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7653" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forest_Ecology_And_Management">Forest Ecology And Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7653" type="text/json">{"id":7653,"name":"Forest Ecology And Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forest_Ecology_And_Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8968" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Productivity">Productivity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8968" type="text/json">{"id":8968,"name":"Productivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Productivity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17726" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Density">Density</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17726" type="text/json">{"id":17726,"name":"Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Density?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20807" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen_Cycle">Nitrogen Cycle</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20807" type="text/json">{"id":20807,"name":"Nitrogen Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen_Cycle?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47887695]'), work: {"id":47887695,"title":"Do ungulates accelerate or decelerate nitrogen cycling?","created_at":"2021-05-02T16:09:47.979-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47887695/Do_ungulates_accelerate_or_decelerate_nitrogen_cycling?f_ri=280967","dom_id":"work_47887695","summary":"Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plants and animals, and N may be limiting in many western US grassland and shrubland ungulate winter ranges. Ungulates may influence N pools and they may alter N inputs and outputs (losses) to the ecosystem in a number of ways. In this paper we compare the ecosystem effects of ungulate herbivory in two western national parks, Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), Colorado, and Yellowstone National Park (YNP), Wyoming. We compare ungulate herbivory effects on N pools, N fluxes, N yields, and plant productivity in the context of the accelerating and decelerating nutrient cycling scenarios [Ecology 79 (1998) 165]. We concluded that the YNP grasslands fit the accelerating nutrient cycling scenario for ungulate herbivory: in response to grazing, grassland plant species abundance was largely unaltered, net annual aboveground primary productivity (NAPP) was stimulated (except during drought), consumption of key Nrich forages by ungulates was moderate and their abundance was sustained, soil N mineralization rates doubled, N pools increased, aboveground N yield increased, and N concentrations increased in most grassland plant species. Grazing in grasslands in RMNP resulted in no consistent detectable acceleration or deceleration of nutrient cycling. Grazing effects in short willow and aspen vegetation types in RMNP fit the decelerating nutrient cycling scenario of Ritchie et al. [Ecology 79 (1998) 165]. Key Nrich forages declined due to herbivory (willows, aspen, herbaceous vegetation). Aboveground production declined, soil N mineralization rates declined, N pools declined (NO 3 À pools were 30% that of ungrazed controls), and aboveground N yield declined. We believe that the higher ungulate densities and rates of plant consumption in RMNP, large declines in N-rich forage plants, and possibly a tendency of ungulates to move N from willow and aspen vegetation types to other types in RMNP, contributed to deceleration of nutrient cycling in two vegetation types in RMNP compared to acceleration in grasslands in YNP. #","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66782272,"asset_id":47887695,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38456025,"first_name":"Kathryn","last_name":"Schoenecker","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KathrynSchoenecker","display_name":"Kathryn Schoenecker","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KathrynSchoenecker?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7653,"name":"Forest Ecology And Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forest_Ecology_And_Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":8968,"name":"Productivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Productivity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":17726,"name":"Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Density?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":20807,"name":"Nitrogen Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen_Cycle?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":56002,"name":"Bison","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bison?f_ri=280967"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":65684,"name":"Yellowstone National Park","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yellowstone_National_Park?f_ri=280967"},{"id":151091,"name":"Nitrogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen?f_ri=280967"},{"id":194517,"name":"Cervus elaphus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cervus_elaphus?f_ri=280967"},{"id":244969,"name":"Nutrient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrient?f_ri=280967"},{"id":277231,"name":"Mineralization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mineralization?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":284869,"name":"National Park","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Park?f_ri=280967"},{"id":289852,"name":"Primary Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Production?f_ri=280967"},{"id":576181,"name":"Primary productivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_productivity?f_ri=280967"},{"id":586072,"name":"Plant species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_species?f_ri=280967"},{"id":609422,"name":"Plant production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_production?f_ri=280967"},{"id":831404,"name":"Nitrogen Cycling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen_Cycling?f_ri=280967"},{"id":912293,"name":"Fluxes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluxes?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13771641" data-work_id="13771641" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13771641/Genetics_in_conservation_and_wildlife_management_a_revolution_since_Caughley">Genetics in conservation and wildlife management: a revolution since Caughley</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In his 1994 review of conservation biology, Graeme Caughley questioned the central role for genetics in that discipline. His central theme was that there was no known case of genetic malfunction leading to the extinction of a population... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13771641" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In his 1994 review of conservation biology, Graeme Caughley questioned the central role for genetics in that discipline. His central theme was that there was no known case of genetic malfunction leading to the extinction of a population or species, and that driving forces such as overkill, habitat fragmentation and introduced predators as well as environmental and demographic stochasticity of small populations should be considered ahead of genetics in the debate about extinction prevention. At the time, only indirect and theoretical evidence existed for genetic contributions to the declines of wildlife and most of the debate revolved around the impact of genetic variation on fitness and long-term persistence. In addition, the application of DNA technologies to the study of wildlife was in its infancy. Though this was not Caughley's intention, many within wildlife management took his criticisms of genetic aspects of species decline as the cue to dismiss this branch of science as of minor relevance to conservation biology. Since Caughley's critique, there has been a revolution in genetic technologies for non-model organisms with the arrival of highly informative hypervariable DNA markers. Perhaps even more importantly, developments in DNA and gene technologies have provided the opportunity to study fundamental life-history traits such as disease resistance in more direct ways than previously possible. In concert with these tools, conservation geneticists have risen to Caughley's challenge and demonstrated unambiguously a clear role for genetic analysis in conservation biology. Despite these impressive advances, there remains an important gap between the genetic approaches available and their uptake by managers. Bridging this gap will greatly increase the capacity of wildlife managers to generate the data necessary for sound management.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13771641" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6d4829f8d52cc7d6396dd2237e44a9bc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44972038,"asset_id":13771641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44972038/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32881444" href="https://canberra.academia.edu/StephenSarre">Stephen Sarre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32881444" type="text/json">{"id":32881444,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Sarre","domain_name":"canberra","page_name":"StephenSarre","display_name":"Stephen Sarre","profile_url":"https://canberra.academia.edu/StephenSarre?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13771641 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13771641"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13771641, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13771641", }); 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His central theme was that there was no known case of genetic malfunction leading to the extinction of a population or species, and that driving forces such as overkill, habitat fragmentation and introduced predators as well as environmental and demographic stochasticity of small populations should be considered ahead of genetics in the debate about extinction prevention. At the time, only indirect and theoretical evidence existed for genetic contributions to the declines of wildlife and most of the debate revolved around the impact of genetic variation on fitness and long-term persistence. In addition, the application of DNA technologies to the study of wildlife was in its infancy. Though this was not Caughley's intention, many within wildlife management took his criticisms of genetic aspects of species decline as the cue to dismiss this branch of science as of minor relevance to conservation biology. Since Caughley's critique, there has been a revolution in genetic technologies for non-model organisms with the arrival of highly informative hypervariable DNA markers. Perhaps even more importantly, developments in DNA and gene technologies have provided the opportunity to study fundamental life-history traits such as disease resistance in more direct ways than previously possible. In concert with these tools, conservation geneticists have risen to Caughley's challenge and demonstrated unambiguously a clear role for genetic analysis in conservation biology. Despite these impressive advances, there remains an important gap between the genetic approaches available and their uptake by managers. Bridging this gap will greatly increase the capacity of wildlife managers to generate the data necessary for sound management.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44972038,"asset_id":13771641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32881444,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Sarre","domain_name":"canberra","page_name":"StephenSarre","display_name":"Stephen Sarre","profile_url":"https://canberra.academia.edu/StephenSarre?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":2809,"name":"Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":17825,"name":"Biodiversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiversity?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":22413,"name":"Wildlife Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Conservation?f_ri=280967"},{"id":23979,"name":"Endangered Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_Species?f_ri=280967"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA?f_ri=280967"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967"},{"id":80872,"name":"Scientific","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scientific?f_ri=280967"},{"id":109828,"name":"Fauna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fauna?f_ri=280967"},{"id":113579,"name":"Wildlife","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife?f_ri=280967"},{"id":133572,"name":"Wildlife Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wildlife_Management?f_ri=280967"},{"id":233229,"name":"Genes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genes?f_ri=280967"},{"id":239605,"name":"Introduced species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Introduced_species?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":392475,"name":"Wild animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wild_animals?f_ri=280967"},{"id":577933,"name":"Genetic variation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_variation?f_ri=280967"},{"id":707213,"name":"Genetic Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Analysis?f_ri=280967"},{"id":1232430,"name":"Genetic Markers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Markers?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41693000" data-work_id="41693000" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41693000/Direct_and_indirect_effects_of_white_tailed_deer_in_forest_ecosystems">Direct and indirect effects of white-tailed deer in forest ecosystems</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ungulates can profoundly alter the structure and composition of forest communities via both direct and indirect mechanisms. Individual plant species often respond in a unique way to the direct effect of herbivory as a function of their... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41693000" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ungulates can profoundly alter the structure and composition of forest communities via both direct and indirect mechanisms. Individual plant species often respond in a unique way to the direct effect of herbivory as a function of their sensitivity to browse damage, ungulate food preferences, and the density of ungulates present. Sustained browsing pressure can limit the regeneration of favored and susceptible woody plants and eliminate populations of favored or susceptible herbaceous plants. These losses, in turn, give rise to indirect effects via trophic cascades or physical habitat modification. These indirect effects affect many other plant and animal populations. In the mixed conifer-hardwood forests around the Great Lakes in North America, widespread habitat modification and the extirpation of native predators and other ungulates have acted to boost populations of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to historically high densities. Such densities have curtailed regeneration of several important conifers (e.g. Tsuga canadensis and Thuja occidentalis) as evidenced by demographic analysis. Deer also appear to limit regeneration of Quercus and Betula in many areas. Impacts on understory herbs are harder to assess, but baseline data from 50 years ago indicate that these communities are changing in a pattern that implicates deer: grasses, sedges, and some ferns are increasing while overall herb diversity is declining. Thus, deer are playing a keystone role in these communities. We are currently assessing an additional set of questions, including: How best can we measure and represent ungulate impacts? At which densities do deer threaten forest diversity? How do impacts depend on initial plant and ungulate densities? Which species emerge as 'winners' or 'losers' in heavily-browsed landscapes? What characteristics or traits make a species susceptible to ungulate herbivory? How do ungulates affect patterns of diversity and relative abundance in ecological communities? What are the pathways by which ungulates exert indirect effects on species? and How significant are indirect effects? #</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41693000" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="183fc7cd887817aa2015da7b72f9fd4f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61850809,"asset_id":41693000,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61850809/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27861367" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TomRooney2">Tom Rooney</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27861367" type="text/json">{"id":27861367,"first_name":"Tom","last_name":"Rooney","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TomRooney2","display_name":"Tom Rooney","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TomRooney2?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27861367/13709660/14835399/s65_tom.rooney.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41693000 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41693000"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41693000, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41693000", }); 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Individual plant species often respond in a unique way to the direct effect of herbivory as a function of their sensitivity to browse damage, ungulate food preferences, and the density of ungulates present. Sustained browsing pressure can limit the regeneration of favored and susceptible woody plants and eliminate populations of favored or susceptible herbaceous plants. These losses, in turn, give rise to indirect effects via trophic cascades or physical habitat modification. These indirect effects affect many other plant and animal populations. In the mixed conifer-hardwood forests around the Great Lakes in North America, widespread habitat modification and the extirpation of native predators and other ungulates have acted to boost populations of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to historically high densities. Such densities have curtailed regeneration of several important conifers (e.g. Tsuga canadensis and Thuja occidentalis) as evidenced by demographic analysis. Deer also appear to limit regeneration of Quercus and Betula in many areas. Impacts on understory herbs are harder to assess, but baseline data from 50 years ago indicate that these communities are changing in a pattern that implicates deer: grasses, sedges, and some ferns are increasing while overall herb diversity is declining. Thus, deer are playing a keystone role in these communities. We are currently assessing an additional set of questions, including: How best can we measure and represent ungulate impacts? At which densities do deer threaten forest diversity? How do impacts depend on initial plant and ungulate densities? Which species emerge as 'winners' or 'losers' in heavily-browsed landscapes? What characteristics or traits make a species susceptible to ungulate herbivory? How do ungulates affect patterns of diversity and relative abundance in ecological communities? What are the pathways by which ungulates exert indirect effects on species? and How significant are indirect effects? #","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61850809,"asset_id":41693000,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27861367,"first_name":"Tom","last_name":"Rooney","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TomRooney2","display_name":"Tom Rooney","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TomRooney2?f_ri=280967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27861367/13709660/14835399/s65_tom.rooney.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":35805,"name":"Nutrient Cycling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrient_Cycling?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":82682,"name":"Food web","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_web?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":117033,"name":"Forests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forests?f_ri=280967"},{"id":132277,"name":"Trophic Cascade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trophic_Cascade?f_ri=280967"},{"id":253469,"name":"North America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_America?f_ri=280967"},{"id":253585,"name":"Food Preference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Preference?f_ri=280967"},{"id":276947,"name":"Great Salt Lake","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Salt_Lake?f_ri=280967"},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":330187,"name":"Carrying Capacity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carrying_Capacity?f_ri=280967"},{"id":359455,"name":"Forest ecosystem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forest_ecosystem?f_ri=280967"},{"id":445391,"name":"Odocoileus virginianus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Odocoileus_virginianus?f_ri=280967"},{"id":477941,"name":"Woody Plants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Woody_Plants?f_ri=280967"},{"id":517567,"name":"White Tailed Deer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/White_Tailed_Deer?f_ri=280967"},{"id":586072,"name":"Plant species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_species?f_ri=280967"},{"id":688079,"name":"Tsuga Canadensis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tsuga_Canadensis?f_ri=280967"},{"id":745347,"name":"Relative Abundance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relative_Abundance?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2143496,"name":"Herbivore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herbivore?f_ri=280967"},{"id":3443535,"name":"High density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_density?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10532827" data-work_id="10532827" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10532827/Biological_control_of_plant_parasitic_nematodes_by_fungi_A_review">Biological control of plant parasitic nematodes by fungi: A review</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Of the microorganisms that parasitize or prey on nematodes or reduce nematode populations by their antagonistic behaviour, fungi hold important positions and some of them have shown great potential as biocontrol agents. Fungi continuously... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10532827" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Of the microorganisms that parasitize or prey on nematodes or reduce nematode populations by their antagonistic behaviour, fungi hold important positions and some of them have shown great potential as biocontrol agents. Fungi continuously destroy nematodes in virtually all soils because of their constant association with nematodes in the rhizosphere. A large number of fungi are known to trap or prey on nematodes but the most important genera include Paecilomyces, Verticillium, Hirsutella, Nematophthora, Arthrobotrys, Drechmeria, Fusarium and Monacrosporium. Application of some of these fungi has given very interesting results. There is an urgent need to develop some easy technologies for formulation and mass production of fungi at a commercial scale for fieM application. Some of these fungi may be used in integrated nematode management programmes despite some obstacles.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10532827" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2268d13fbe0d9084067f45785db5091f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47320840,"asset_id":10532827,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47320840/download_file?st=MTc0MDMzNjYxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25811929" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZakiSiddiqui1">Zaki Siddiqui</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25811929" type="text/json">{"id":25811929,"first_name":"Zaki","last_name":"Siddiqui","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ZakiSiddiqui1","display_name":"Zaki Siddiqui","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZakiSiddiqui1?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10532827 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10532827"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10532827, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10532827", }); 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Fungi continuously destroy nematodes in virtually all soils because of their constant association with nematodes in the rhizosphere. A large number of fungi are known to trap or prey on nematodes but the most important genera include Paecilomyces, Verticillium, Hirsutella, Nematophthora, Arthrobotrys, Drechmeria, Fusarium and Monacrosporium. Application of some of these fungi has given very interesting results. There is an urgent need to develop some easy technologies for formulation and mass production of fungi at a commercial scale for fieM application. Some of these fungi may be used in integrated nematode management programmes despite some obstacles.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47320840,"asset_id":10532827,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25811929,"first_name":"Zaki","last_name":"Siddiqui","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ZakiSiddiqui1","display_name":"Zaki Siddiqui","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZakiSiddiqui1?f_ri=280967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4306,"name":"Pest Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_Management?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":23515,"name":"Biological Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Control?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":165663,"name":"Mass production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_production?f_ri=280967","nofollow":true},{"id":280967,"name":"PEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PEST?f_ri=280967"},{"id":560315,"name":"BIOLOGICAL AGENT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BIOLOGICAL_AGENT?f_ri=280967"},{"id":2142568,"name":"Thallophyta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thallophyta?f_ri=280967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/PEST?after=50%2C10532827" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a href="/Documents/in/PEST?page=last">Last »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li 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