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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Punjab</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Punjab_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sindh_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sindh_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Sindh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sindh_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jainism in Pakistan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background: #F5DEB3">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Jainism" title="Category:Jainism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #F5DEB3"><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg/110px-Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg/165px-Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg/220px-Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1124" data-file-height="1934" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above hlist" style="padding-bottom:0.35em; border:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jains" title="List of Jains">Jains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jainism" title="History of Jainism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Jainism" title="Timeline of Jainism">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Jainism-related_articles" title="Index of Jainism-related articles">Index</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Jain_philosophy" title="Jain philosophy">Philosophy</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anekantavada" title="Anekantavada">Anekantavada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_cosmology" title="Jain cosmology">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa_in_Jainism" title="Ahimsa in Jainism">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_in_Jainism" title="Karma in Jainism">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma_(Jainism)" title="Dharma (Jainism)">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha_(Jainism)" title="Moksha (Jainism)">Mokṣa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevala_Jnana" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevala Jnana">Kevala Jnana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravya" title="Dravya">Dravya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattva_(Jainism)" title="Tattva (Jainism)">Tattva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacarya">Brahmacarya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-possession" title="Non-possession">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunasthana" title="Gunasthana">Gunasthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra_(Jainism)" title="Saṃsāra (Jainism)">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Ethics</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"><a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_Jainism" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethics of Jainism">Ethics of Jainism</a> <dl><dd><b>Mahavratas (major vows)</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa_in_Jainism" title="Ahimsa in Jainism">Ahiṃsā (non-violence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya#Jainism" title="Satya">Satya (truth)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteya#Jainism" class="mw-redirect" title="Asteya">Asteya (non-stealing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacarya#In_Jainism" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacarya">Brahmacarya (chastity)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-possession" title="Non-possession">Aparigraha (non-possession)</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Anuvratas (further vows)</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81m%C4%81yika" title="Sāmāyika">Sāmāyika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sallekhana" title="Sallekhana">Sallekhana</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Jain prayers</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktamara_Stotra" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhaktamara Stotra">Bhaktamara Stotra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micchami_Dukkadam" title="Micchami Dukkadam">Micchami Dukkadam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navkar_Mantra" class="mw-redirect" title="Navkar Mantra">Navkar Mantra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namokar_Mantra" title="Namokar Mantra">Ṇamōkāra mantra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jai_Jinendra" title="Jai Jinendra">Jai Jinendra</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Major figures</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tirthankara" title="Tirthankara">The 24 Tirthankaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishabhanatha" title="Rishabhanatha">Rishabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parshvanatha" title="Parshvanatha">Pārśva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavira" title="Mahavira">Mahavira</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arihant_(Jainism)" title="Arihant (Jainism)">Arihant</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganadhara" title="Ganadhara">Ganadhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundakunda" title="Kundakunda">Kundakunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddhasena" title="Siddhasena">Siddhasena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samantabhadra_(Jain_monk)" title="Samantabhadra (Jain monk)">Samantabhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haribhadra" class="mw-redirect" title="Haribhadra">Haribhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashovijaya" title="Yashovijaya">Yashovijaya</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Major sects</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"><a href="/wiki/Jain_schools_and_branches" title="Jain schools and branches">Schools and Branches</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digambara" title="Digambara">Digambara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Avet%C4%81mbara" title="Śvetāmbara">Śvetāmbara</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Jain_literature" title="Jain literature">Jain literature</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Samayas%C4%81ra" title="Samayasāra">Samayasāra (Digambara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pravachanasara" title="Pravachanasara">Pravachanasara (Digambara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jain_Agamas_(%C5%9Av%C4%93t%C4%81mbara)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain Agamas (Śvētāmbara)">Agama (Śvetāmbara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tattvartha_Sutra" title="Tattvartha Sutra">Tattvartha Sutra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dravyasamgraha" title="Dravyasamgraha">Dravyasamgraha (Digambara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_S%C5%ABtra" title="Kalpa Sūtra">Kalpa Sūtra (Śvetāmbara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uttaradhyayana" title="Uttaradhyayana">Uttaradhyayana (Śvetāmbara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/C%C4%ABvaka_Cint%C4%81ma%E1%B9%87i" title="Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi">Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Silappatikaram" class="mw-redirect" title="Silappatikaram">Silappatikaram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Valayapathi" title="Valayapathi">Valayapathi</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Festivals</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavir_Janma_Kalyanak" title="Mahavir Janma Kalyanak">Mahavir Janma Kalyanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paryushana" title="Paryushana">Paryushana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samvatsari" title="Samvatsari">Samvatsari</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Pilgrimages</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"><a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Jainism)" title="Tirtha (Jainism)">Tirth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dilwara_Temples" title="Dilwara Temples">Abu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palitana_temples" title="Palitana temples">Palitana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girnar_Jain_temples" title="Girnar Jain temples">Girnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikharji" title="Shikharji">Shikharji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shravanabelagola" title="Shravanabelagola">Shravanabelagola</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Other</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0px ; border: 2px solid #F5DEB3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekendriya" title="Ekendriya">Ekendriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_temple" title="Jain temple">Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_flag" title="Jain flag">Jain flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_symbols" title="Jain symbols">Jain symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasparopagraho_Jivanam" title="Parasparopagraho Jivanam">Parasparopagraho Jivanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Jainism-related_articles" title="Index of Jainism-related articles">Topics list</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist" style="border-top:1px solid #F5DEB3;border-bottom:1px solid #F5DEB3;padding-bottom:0.4em;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/16px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/24px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/32px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jainism" title="Template:Jainism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jainism" title="Template talk:Jainism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jainism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jainism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Jainism in Pakistan</b> (<span title="Urdu-language text"><span lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">پاکستان میں جین مت</span></span></span>) has an extensive heritage and history, with several ancient Jain shrines scattered across the country.<sup id="cite_ref-Khalid_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Khalid-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Baba_Dharam_Dass" title="Baba Dharam Dass">Baba Dharam Dass</a> was a holy man whose tomb is located near the bank of a creek called (Deoka, Deokay, or Degh) near Chawinda Phatic, behind the agricultural main office in <a href="/wiki/Pasrur" title="Pasrur">Pasrur</a>, near the city of <a href="/wiki/Sialkot" title="Sialkot">Sialkot</a> in <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab, Pakistan</a>. Another prominent Jain monk of the region was <a href="/wiki/Vijayanandsuri" title="Vijayanandsuri">Vijayanandsuri</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gujranwala" title="Gujranwala">Gujranwala</a>, whose <i>samadhi</i> (memorial shrine) still stands in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-Khalid_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Khalid-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bhabra" title="Bhabra">Bhabra</a></div> <p>The presence of Pakistani Jains in modern Pakistan is unclear. Prior to 1947, there were <a href="/wiki/Bhabra" title="Bhabra">Punjabi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marwari_people" title="Marwari people">Marwadi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_people" title="Gujarati people">Gujarati</a> communities of Jains in the <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> regions. All of them migrated to India during the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">partition in 1947</a>, thus ending the thousands of years of presence of jainism in the region. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bhabra" title="Bhabra">Bhabra</a> (or Bhabhra) is an ancient merchant community from Punjab which mainly follows <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The original home region of the Bhabras is now in Pakistan. While practically all the Bhabras have left Pakistan, many cities still have sections named after Bhabras. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sialkot" title="Sialkot">Sialkot</a>: All the Jains here were Bhabra and mainly lived in Sialkot and Pasrur. The Serai Bhabrian and Bhabrian Wala localities are named after them. There were several Jain temples here before partition of India.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasrur" title="Pasrur">Pasrur</a>: Pasrur was developed by a Jain zamindar who was granted land by Raja Maan Singh. <a href="/wiki/Baba_Dharam_Dass" title="Baba Dharam Dass">Baba Dharam Dass</a> belonged to the zamindar family who was murdered on a trading visit.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujranwala" title="Gujranwala">Gujranwala</a>: Two old Jain libraries managed by Lala Karam Chand Bhabra were present here which were visited by Ramkrishna Gopal Bhandarkar.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>: There were Jain temples at localities still called Thari Bhabrian and Gali Bhabrian.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a>: Bhabra Bazar is named after them.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianwali" title="Mianwali">Mianwali</a>: A well known cast still present in majority there nowadays.</li></ul> <p>Some also lived in Sindh.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geographical_distribution">Geographical distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geographical distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonial_era">Colonial era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Colonial era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The total population of the region that composes contemporary Pakistan was approximately 29,643,600 according to the final census prior to partition in 1941. With the exception of the <a href="/wiki/Federally_Administered_Tribal_Areas" title="Federally Administered Tribal Areas">Federally Administered Tribal Areas</a>, all <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">administrative divisions</a> in the region that composes contemporary Pakistan collected religious data, with a combined total population of 27,266,001, for an overall response rate of 92.0 percent. Similar to the contemporary era, where censuses do not collect religious data in <a href="/wiki/Azad_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Azad Jammu and Kashmir">Azad Jammu and Kashmir</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gilgit%E2%80%93Baltistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilgit–Baltistan">Gilgit–Baltistan</a>, the total number of responses for religion is slightly smaller than the total population, as detailed in the table breakdown below. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Jainism in Pakistan by administrative division<sup id="cite_ref-Pakistan1941_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pakistan1941-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Pakistan">Administrative<br />division</a> </th> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/1941_Census_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="1941 Census of India">1941 census</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Jain Population </th> <th>Jain Percentage </th> <th>Total Responses </th> <th>Total Population </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab</a><sup id="cite_ref-punjab1941_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1941-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WestPunjab1941_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestPunjab1941-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>9,520 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998548699912617233♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </td> <td>17,350,103 </td> <td>17,350,103 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a><sup id="cite_ref-sindh1941_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sindh1941-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sindh1941_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sindh1941-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>3,687 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998761651753482640♠" style="display:none"></span>0.08% </td> <td>4,840,795 </td> <td>4,840,795 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan">Balochistan</a><sup id="cite_ref-baluchistan1941_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baluchistan1941-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>7 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996816007740416280♠" style="display:none"></span>0.001% </td> <td>857,835 </td> <td>857,835 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a><sup id="cite_ref-NWFP1941_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWFP1941-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6995329156664418526♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>3,038,067<sup id="cite_ref-KPK1941_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KPK1941-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>5,415,666<sup id="cite_ref-KPK1941_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KPK1941-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Azad_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Azad Jammu and Kashmir">AJK</a><sup id="cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JammuKashmir1941-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AJK1941_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AJK1941-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>1,073,154 </td> <td>1,073,154 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gilgit%E2%80%93Baltistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilgit–Baltistan">Gilgit–Baltistan</a><sup id="cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JammuKashmir1941-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GilgitBaltistan1941_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GilgitBaltistan1941-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>116,047 </td> <td>116,047 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </th> <th>13,215 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998484669534047182♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </th> <th>27,266,001 </th> <th>29,643,600 </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Punjab">Punjab</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Punjab"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Jain population in West Punjab</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1881 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,352</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1901 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,562</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.23%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1911 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,977</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.72%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1921 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,930</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.08%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1931 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">6,921</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+1.56%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1941 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">9,520</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.24%</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_an_unknown_Jain_Bhabra_merchant_in_Lahore,_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Portrait_of_an_unknown_Jain_Bhabra_merchant_in_Lahore%2C_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png/220px-Portrait_of_an_unknown_Jain_Bhabra_merchant_in_Lahore%2C_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Portrait_of_an_unknown_Jain_Bhabra_merchant_in_Lahore%2C_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png/330px-Portrait_of_an_unknown_Jain_Bhabra_merchant_in_Lahore%2C_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Portrait_of_an_unknown_Jain_Bhabra_merchant_in_Lahore%2C_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png/440px-Portrait_of_an_unknown_Jain_Bhabra_merchant_in_Lahore%2C_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png 2x" data-file-width="4870" data-file-height="6614" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of an unknown Jain Bhabra merchant in Lahore, ca.1859–69</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Jains in the <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">administrative divisions</a> that compose the contemporary <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab, Pakistan</a> region (1881–1941) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">District</a> or <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">Princely State</a> </th> <th colspan="2">1881<sup id="cite_ref-punjab1881_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1881-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-punjab1881B_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1881B-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-punjab1881C_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1881C-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Shakargarh1881_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shakargarh1881-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1901<sup id="cite_ref-punjab1901_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1901-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Shakargarh1901_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shakargarh1901-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1911<sup id="cite_ref-punjab1911_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1911-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Census1911B_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census1911B-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1921<sup id="cite_ref-punjab1921_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1921-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1931<sup id="cite_ref-punjab1931_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1931-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1941<sup id="cite_ref-punjab1941_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1941-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></a> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sialkot_District" title="Sialkot District">Sialkot District</a> </td> <td>1,388 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999137134095013772♠" style="display:none"></span>0.14% </td> <td>2,008 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999185255404282093♠" style="display:none"></span>0.19% </td> <td>2,029 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999207135295384731♠" style="display:none"></span>0.21% </td> <td>2,147 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999228934457781479♠" style="display:none"></span>0.23% </td> <td>2,236 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999228252470098007♠" style="display:none"></span>0.23% </td> <td>3,250 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999272995228043413♠" style="display:none"></span>0.27% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi_District" title="Rawalpindi District">Rawalpindi District</a> </td> <td>1,033 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999125897000897000♠" style="display:none"></span>0.13% </td> <td>1,068 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999114772684530941♠" style="display:none"></span>0.11% </td> <td>1,028 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999187650480899992♠" style="display:none"></span>0.19% </td> <td>954 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999167596587635096♠" style="display:none"></span>0.17% </td> <td>1,077 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999169778216367124♠" style="display:none"></span>0.17% </td> <td>1,337 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999170268366888215♠" style="display:none"></span>0.17% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lahore_District" title="Lahore District">Lahore District</a> </td> <td>970 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999104966313388290♠" style="display:none"></span>0.1% </td> <td>1,047 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998900948189885802♠" style="display:none"></span>0.09% </td> <td>1,139 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999109925320269688♠" style="display:none"></span>0.11% </td> <td>1,209 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999106864804090031♠" style="display:none"></span>0.11% </td> <td>1,450 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999105181456146586♠" style="display:none"></span>0.11% </td> <td>1,951 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999115077785150777♠" style="display:none"></span>0.12% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gujranwala_District" title="Gujranwala District">Gujranwala District</a> </td> <td>577 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998935333899612898♠" style="display:none"></span>0.09% </td> <td>932 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999123150593884489♠" style="display:none"></span>0.12% </td> <td>950 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999102878541593794♠" style="display:none"></span>0.1% </td> <td>754 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999120914524336052♠" style="display:none"></span>0.12% </td> <td>1,071 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999145489025155609♠" style="display:none"></span>0.15% </td> <td>1,445 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999158402339750546♠" style="display:none"></span>0.16% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahawalpur_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahawalpur State">Bahawalpur State</a> </td> <td>254 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998442899141054657♠" style="display:none"></span>0.04% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>15 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997192149784600091♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996128009667290073♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>12 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997121875418946752♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>351 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998261704178841627♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jhelum_District" title="Jhelum District">Jhelum District</a> </td> <td>58 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997984096658652500♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>151 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998254201051146598♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </td> <td>163 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998318623857694375♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </td> <td>195 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998408746761467966♠" style="display:none"></span>0.04% </td> <td>209 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998386267363549667♠" style="display:none"></span>0.04% </td> <td>159 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998252518033599191♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multan_District" title="Multan District">Multan District</a> </td> <td>47 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997851504808284598♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>134 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998188566137461899♠" style="display:none"></span>0.02% </td> <td>394 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998483512114187399♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </td> <td>28 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997314513447696413♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>440 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998374499957443186♠" style="display:none"></span>0.04% </td> <td>552 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998371884206576287♠" style="display:none"></span>0.04% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muzaffargarh_District" title="Muzaffargarh District">Muzaffargarh District</a> </td> <td>11 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997324862302683067♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996175604650713569♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>6 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997105544981512037♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shahpur_District" title="Shahpur District">Shahpur District</a> </td> <td>9 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997213519079115936♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>2 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996381490828006767♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>5 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996727414506972995♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>3 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996416714125775435♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>14 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997170422038004114♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>13 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997130140421514814♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jhang_District" title="Jhang District">Jhang District</a> </td> <td>4 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997101189994333360♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>4 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996775906549815140♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>7 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997122686698483417♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>5 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996608545685350236♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_District" title="Montgomery District">Montgomery District</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996234450646966560♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>8 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997172567765204298♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>13 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997242854927806702♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>12 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997168117615083512♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>38 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997380086659758424♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>49 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997368669696780460♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gujrat_District" title="Gujrat District">Gujrat District</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>11 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997146559580466539♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>48 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997643747468597193♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>4 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996485409795084255♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>32 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997346910920864198♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>10 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996905016688507736♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dera_Ghazi_Khan_District" title="Dera Ghazi Khan District">Dera Ghazi Khan District</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>143 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998303513325932985♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </td> <td>23 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997460128836074100♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>296 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998631060095682355♠" style="display:none"></span>0.06% </td> <td>125 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998254559672860273♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </td> <td>106 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998182334222069321♠" style="display:none"></span>0.02% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shakargarh_Tehsil" title="Shakargarh Tehsil">Shakargarh Tehsil</a><sup id="cite_ref-Shakargarh1947_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shakargarh1947-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mianwali_District" title="Mianwali District">Mianwali District</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>35 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997824328525535342♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>31 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997908086953719787♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>20 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997485980672548652♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>23 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997454257279472903♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lyallpur_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyallpur District">Lyallpur District</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lyallpur_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lyallpur-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>23 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997290455016726420♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>125 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998145736734168035♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>231 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998235843518336067♠" style="display:none"></span>0.02% </td> <td>95 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997825117622688476♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>35 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997250661567494207♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Biloch Trans–Frontier Tract </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Attock_District" title="Attock District">Attock District</a><sup id="cite_ref-Attock_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Attock-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>9 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997173319236702081♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>5 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996976087801049880♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>2 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996342489211589834♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>13 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997192343258738672♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sheikhupura_District" title="Sheikhupura District">Sheikhupura District</a><sup id="cite_ref-Sheikhupura_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sheikhupura-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>j<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>78 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998149101092452235♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>100 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998143527209888450♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>221 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998259235103952103♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total Jains </th> <th>4,352 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998547945274469338♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </th> <th>5,562 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998533383711658250♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </th> <th>5,977 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998538246138869665♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </th> <th>5,930 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998498781014527312♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </th> <th>6,921 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998492920701515683♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </th> <th>9,520 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998548699912617233♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </th></tr> <tr> <th>Total Population </th> <th>7,942,399 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>10,427,765 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>11,104,585 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>11,888,985 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>14,040,798 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>17,350,103 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sindh">Sindh</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sindh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236656977"><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Jain population in Sindh</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1881 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,191</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1891 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">923</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.52%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1901 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">921</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.02%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1911 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,349</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.89%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1921 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,534</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+1.29%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,144</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.89%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1941 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,687</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+12.42%</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portret_van_een_onbekende_Babra_vrouw_en_haar_zoon_Babras._Merchant_class._Jains._Sind_(titel_op_object),_RP-F-2001-7-1122F-50.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Portret_van_een_onbekende_Babra_vrouw_en_haar_zoon_Babras._Merchant_class._Jains._Sind_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-2001-7-1122F-50.jpg/220px-Portret_van_een_onbekende_Babra_vrouw_en_haar_zoon_Babras._Merchant_class._Jains._Sind_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-2001-7-1122F-50.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Portret_van_een_onbekende_Babra_vrouw_en_haar_zoon_Babras._Merchant_class._Jains._Sind_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-2001-7-1122F-50.jpg/330px-Portret_van_een_onbekende_Babra_vrouw_en_haar_zoon_Babras._Merchant_class._Jains._Sind_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-2001-7-1122F-50.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Portret_van_een_onbekende_Babra_vrouw_en_haar_zoon_Babras._Merchant_class._Jains._Sind_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-2001-7-1122F-50.jpg/440px-Portret_van_een_onbekende_Babra_vrouw_en_haar_zoon_Babras._Merchant_class._Jains._Sind_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-2001-7-1122F-50.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4950" data-file-height="6582" /></a><figcaption>Jains of Sindh</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Jains in <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">administrative divisions</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> (1881–1941) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">District</a> or <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">Princely State</a> </th> <th colspan="2">1881<sup id="cite_ref-sindh1881_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sindh1881-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1891<sup id="cite_ref-sindh1891_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sindh1891-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1901<sup id="cite_ref-sindh1901_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sindh1901-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1911<sup id="cite_ref-sindh1911_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sindh1911-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1921<sup id="cite_ref-sindh1921_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sindh1921-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1931<sup id="cite_ref-sindh1931_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sindh1931-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1941<sup id="cite_ref-sindh1941_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sindh1941-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></a> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tharparkar_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Tharparkar District">Tharparkar District</a> </td> <td>1,038 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999510465024785585♠" style="display:none"></span>0.51% </td> <td>823 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999275986492422946♠" style="display:none"></span>0.28% </td> <td>657 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999180547082392125♠" style="display:none"></span>0.18% </td> <td>524 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999114718316180317♠" style="display:none"></span>0.11% </td> <td>268 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998676202467129747♠" style="display:none"></span>0.07% </td> <td>320 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998683702247671139♠" style="display:none"></span>0.07% </td> <td>212 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998364885611803016♠" style="display:none"></span>0.04% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_District,_Sindh" title="Hyderabad District, Sindh">Hyderabad District</a> </td> <td>144 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998190823509456365♠" style="display:none"></span>0.02% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>119 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998120319909406185♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>171 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998164875851376472♠" style="display:none"></span>0.02% </td> <td>82 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998142994158165489♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>187 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998282083617428242♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </td> <td>217 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998285997458971885♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi District</a> </td> <td>9 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997188013904672772♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>99 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998175258461974224♠" style="display:none"></span>0.02% </td> <td>126 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998207295484906914♠" style="display:none"></span>0.02% </td> <td>650 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999124587662754614♠" style="display:none"></span>0.12% </td> <td>1,118 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999206248328152527♠" style="display:none"></span>0.21% </td> <td>629 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998967335137795275♠" style="display:none"></span>0.1% </td> <td>3,215 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999450343185320072♠" style="display:none"></span>0.45% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shikarpur_District" title="Shikarpur District">Shikarpur District</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996109230286937040♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Upper_Sind_Frontier_District" title="Upper Sind Frontier District">Upper Sind Frontier District</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>19 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997818806696976879♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>49 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998203641441448929♠" style="display:none"></span>0.02% </td> <td>4 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997137108384177692♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Khairpur_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Khairpur State">Khairpur State</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukkur_District" title="Sukkur District">Sukkur District</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>3 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996522727312327826♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>16 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997313545969758491♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>2 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996320626375687543♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Larkana_District" title="Larkana District">Larkana District</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996151313629272529♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996144147260841675♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nawabshah_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawabshah District">Nawabshah District</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996238857306645010♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996201364445482590♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dadu_District" title="Dadu District">Dadu District</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>43 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998110431968770866♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th>Total Jains </th> <th>1,191 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998468348895152765♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </th> <th>923 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998307286553200357♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </th> <th>921 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998270070315049778♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </th> <th>1,349 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998360963207172812♠" style="display:none"></span>0.04% </th> <th>1,534 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998441755641743661♠" style="display:none"></span>0.04% </th> <th>1,144 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998278057766500990♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </th> <th>3,687 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="6998761651753482640♠" style="display:none"></span>0.08% </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th>Total Population </th> <th>2,542,976 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>3,003,711 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>3,410,223 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>3,737,223 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>3,472,508 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>4,114,253 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>4,840,795 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jain_temples">Jain temples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Jain temples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shrine_of_Vijayanandsuri_Atmaramji_Gujranwala.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Shrine_of_Vijayanandsuri_Atmaramji_Gujranwala.jpg/220px-Shrine_of_Vijayanandsuri_Atmaramji_Gujranwala.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Shrine_of_Vijayanandsuri_Atmaramji_Gujranwala.jpg/330px-Shrine_of_Vijayanandsuri_Atmaramji_Gujranwala.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Shrine_of_Vijayanandsuri_Atmaramji_Gujranwala.jpg/440px-Shrine_of_Vijayanandsuri_Atmaramji_Gujranwala.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2396" data-file-height="3142" /></a><figcaption>Memorial shrine of <a href="/wiki/Vijayanandsuri" title="Vijayanandsuri">Vijayanandsuri</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gujranwala" title="Gujranwala">Gujranwala</a>. Now used as a police station of Sabzi Mandi area.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Punjab_2">Punjab</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Punjab"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_Temple_Nagarparkar_by_smn121-15.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Jain_Temple_Nagarparkar_by_smn121-15.JPG/220px-Jain_Temple_Nagarparkar_by_smn121-15.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Jain_Temple_Nagarparkar_by_smn121-15.JPG/330px-Jain_Temple_Nagarparkar_by_smn121-15.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Jain_Temple_Nagarparkar_by_smn121-15.JPG/440px-Jain_Temple_Nagarparkar_by_smn121-15.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1555" data-file-height="1037" /></a><figcaption>An ancient Jain temple at Nagarparkar</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jain_temple" title="Jain temple">Jain temple</a>, Thari Bhabrian Lahore City.</li> <li>Jain Digambar Temple, Old Anarkali Jain Mandir Chawk:<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This temple was destroyed in the riots of 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an Islamic school was run from the former temple. <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Jainism_in_Pakistan&params=31.561389_N_74.308056_E_region:PK_type:landmark_scale:2000_source:wikimapia"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°33′41″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°18′29″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.561389°N 74.308056°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.561389; 74.308056</span></span></span></a></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it was completely demolished in 2016, to make for construction of <a href="/wiki/Lahore_Metro" title="Lahore Metro">Lahore Metro</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Public_square" class="mw-redirect" title="Public square">Public Square</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sindh_2">Sindh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sindh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Nagarparkar_Jain_Temples" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagarparkar Jain Temples">Nagarparkar Jain Temples</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gori_Temple,_Nagarparkar" title="Gori Temple, Nagarparkar">Gori Temple, Nagarparkar</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gori_Mandar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gori_Mandar.jpg/220px-Gori_Mandar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gori_Mandar.jpg/330px-Gori_Mandar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gori_Mandar.jpg/440px-Gori_Mandar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The original Gori Temple with 52 domes, <a href="/wiki/Nagarparkar" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagarparkar">Nagarparkar</a> </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gori_temple,_ceiling.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gori_temple%2C_ceiling.jpg/220px-Gori_temple%2C_ceiling.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gori_temple%2C_ceiling.jpg/330px-Gori_temple%2C_ceiling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gori_temple%2C_ceiling.jpg/440px-Gori_temple%2C_ceiling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Symbolic & Historical Artwork in the original Gori Temple</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Nagar Bazaar temple</b> is present in the main bazar of the Nangar Parkar town. The structure of the temple, including the shikhar and the torana gateway is completely intact. It was apparently in use until the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">independence</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> in 1947, and perhaps for some years even after that. There is also a ruined temple outside of the town.</li> <li><b>Bhodesar Jain mandir</b>, 7.2 km from Nagar, was the region's capital during Sodha rule. Remains of three temples, are present. In 1897, two of them were being used as cattle stalls and the third had holes in the back. The oldest temple, was built in the classical style with stones without any mortar, built around 9th century. It is built on a high platform and reached by a series of steps carved into the rock. It has beautifully carved huge stone columns and other structural elements. The remaining walls are unstable and partially collapsed. Parts of the building had been dismantled by the locals who used the bricks to construct their homes. It is perhaps the most spectacular of the monuments in Sindh. The two other Jain temples are said to have been built in 1375 CE and 1449 CE built of kanjur and redstone, with fine carvings and corbelled domes.</li> <li><b>Karoonjar Jain mandir</b> is at the base of the mountain.</li> <li><b>Virvah Jain mandir</b>, are a number of ruins of Jain temples here. One of the temples had 27 devakulikas in it. The ruins of legendary Parinagar are nearby. One of the temples is in good preservation.</li> <li><b>Virvah Gori mandir</b> is 14 miles from Viravah. The legendary temple with 52 subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Shrines" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrines">shrines</a> was built in AD 1375–6. It is dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Jain" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain">Jain</a> tirthankar <a href="/wiki/Godiji" title="Godiji">Gori</a> <a href="/wiki/Parshvanatha" title="Parshvanatha">Parshvanatha</a>.</li> <li>Jain Shwetamber Temple with Shikhar, <a href="/wiki/Ranchore_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranchore Line">Ranchore Line</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jain_temples_in_Pakistan_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jain_temples_in_Pakistan-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jain Shwetamber Temple, <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad,_Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyderabad, Sindh">Hyderabad, Sindh</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jain_temples_in_Pakistan_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jain_temples_in_Pakistan-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_Temple_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ancient Jain temple located at the foot of Karoonjhar Mountains"><img alt="Ancient Jain temple located at the foot of Karoonjhar Mountains" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Jain_Temple_1.jpg/120px-Jain_Temple_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Jain_Temple_1.jpg/180px-Jain_Temple_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Jain_Temple_1.jpg/240px-Jain_Temple_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1543" data-file-height="970" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ancient Jain temple located at the foot of <a href="/wiki/Karoonjhar_Mountains" title="Karoonjhar Mountains">Karoonjhar Mountains</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_Temple_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jain Temple of Bhodesar"><img alt="Jain Temple of Bhodesar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Jain_Temple_2.jpg/120px-Jain_Temple_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Jain_Temple_2.jpg/180px-Jain_Temple_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Jain_Temple_2.jpg/240px-Jain_Temple_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1862" data-file-height="1169" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jain Temple of Bhodesar</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Virawah_Jain_Temple.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Virawah Jain Temple"><img alt="Virawah Jain Temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Virawah_Jain_Temple.jpg/120px-Virawah_Jain_Temple.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Virawah_Jain_Temple.jpg/180px-Virawah_Jain_Temple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Virawah_Jain_Temple.jpg/240px-Virawah_Jain_Temple.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Virawah Jain Temple</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain_Stupa_-_Sirkap.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A Jain Stupa.[35]"><img alt="A Jain Stupa.[35]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jain_Stupa_-_Sirkap.JPG/120px-Jain_Stupa_-_Sirkap.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jain_Stupa_-_Sirkap.JPG/180px-Jain_Stupa_-_Sirkap.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jain_Stupa_-_Sirkap.JPG/240px-Jain_Stupa_-_Sirkap.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A Jain Stupa.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prominent pre-partition Jains from Pakistan: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Dharam_Dass" title="Baba Dharam Dass">Baba Dharam Dass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayanandsuri" title="Vijayanandsuri">Vijayanandsuri</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WestPunjab1941-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WestPunjab1941_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestPunjab1941_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">1941 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of all <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lahore_District" title="Lahore District">Lahore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sialkot_District" title="Sialkot District">Sialkot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujranwala_District" title="Gujranwala District">Gujranwala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheikhupura_District" title="Sheikhupura District">Sheikhupura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujrat_District" title="Gujrat District">Gujrat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shahpur_District" title="Shahpur District">Shahpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jhelum_District" title="Jhelum District">Jhelum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi_District" title="Rawalpindi District">Rawalpindi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Attock_District" title="Attock District">Attock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mianwali_District" title="Mianwali District">Mianwali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_District" title="Montgomery District">Montgomery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyallpur_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyallpur District">Lyallpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jhang_District" title="Jhang District">Jhang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Multan_District" title="Multan District">Multan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muzaffargarh_District" title="Muzaffargarh District">Muzaffargargh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dera_Ghazi_Khan_District" title="Dera Ghazi Khan District">Dera Ghazi Khan</a>), one <a href="/wiki/Tehsil" title="Tehsil">tehsil</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shakargarh_Tehsil" title="Shakargarh Tehsil">Shakargarh</a> – then part of <a href="/wiki/Gurdaspur_district" title="Gurdaspur district">Gurdaspur District</a>), one <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">princely state</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bahawalpur_(princely_state)" title="Bahawalpur (princely state)">Bahawalpur</a>), and one tract (Biloch Trans–Frontier) in Punjab Province, British India that ultimately fell on the western side of the <a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Line" title="Radcliffe Line">Radcliffe Line</a>. See 1941 census data here:<sup id="cite_ref-punjab1941_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1941-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Immediately following the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">partition of India in 1947</a>, these districts and tract would ultimately make up the subdivision of West Punjab, which also later included <a href="/wiki/Bahawalpur_(princely_state)" title="Bahawalpur (princely state)">Bahawalpur</a>. The state that makes up this region in the contemporary era is <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab, Pakistan</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sindh1941-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sindh1941_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sindh1941_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">1941 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of all <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dadu_District" title="Dadu District">Dadu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_District,_Sindh" title="Hyderabad District, Sindh">Hyderabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larkana_District" title="Larkana District">Larkana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nawabshah_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawabshah District">Nawabshah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sukkur_District" title="Sukkur District">Sukkur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tharparkar_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Tharparkar district">Tharparkar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upper_Sind_Frontier_District" title="Upper Sind Frontier District">Upper Sind Frontier</a>), and one <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">princely state</a> (<a href="/wiki/Khairpur_(princely_state)" title="Khairpur (princely state)">Khairpur</a>), in Sindh Province, British India. See 1941 census data here:<sup id="cite_ref-sindh1941_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sindh1941-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KPK1941-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KPK1941_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KPK1941_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KPK1941_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Religious data only collected in <a href="/wiki/North-West_Frontier_Province" title="North-West Frontier Province">North West Frontier Province</a>, and not in the <a href="/wiki/Federally_Administered_Tribal_Areas" title="Federally Administered Tribal Areas">Federally Administered Tribal Areas</a>. Total responses to religion includes North West Frontier Province (<a href="/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a>), and total population includes both North West Frontier Province and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, both <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">administrative divisions</a> which later amalgamated to become <a href="/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AJK1941-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AJK1941_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AJK1941_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">1941 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of two <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mirpur_District" title="Mirpur District">Mirpur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muzaffarabad_District" title="Muzaffarabad District">Muzaffarabad</a>) and one <a href="/wiki/Jagir" title="Jagir">Jagir</a> (<a href="/wiki/Poonch_jagir" class="mw-redirect" title="Poonch jagir">Poonch</a>) in the <a href="/wiki/Princely_State_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir">Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir</a> that ultimately would be administered by Pakistan, in the contemporary self-administrative territory of <a href="/wiki/Azad_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Azad Jammu and Kashmir">Azad Jammu and Kashmir</a>. See 1941 census data here:<sup id="cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JammuKashmir1941-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GilgitBaltistan1941-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GilgitBaltistan1941_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GilgitBaltistan1941_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">1941 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of one <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">district</a> (<a href="/wiki/Astore_District" title="Astore District">Astore</a>) and one agency (<a href="/wiki/Gilgit_Agency" title="Gilgit Agency">Gilgit</a>) in the <a href="/wiki/Princely_State_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir">Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir</a> that ultimately would be administered by Pakistan, in the contemporary administrative territory of <a href="/wiki/Gilgit%E2%80%93Baltistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilgit–Baltistan">Gilgit–Baltistan</a>. See 1941 census data here:<sup id="cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JammuKashmir1941-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pakistan1941-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pakistan1941_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1941 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of all <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">administrative divisions</a> that compose the region of contemporary Pakistan, including <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-punjab1941_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-punjab1941-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 42">: 42 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WestPunjab1941_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestPunjab1941-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-sindh1941_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sindh1941-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 28">: 28 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sindh1941_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sindh1941-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-NWFP1941_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWFP1941-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 22">: 22 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KPK1941_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KPK1941-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Balochistan" title="Balochistan">Balochistan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-baluchistan1941_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baluchistan1941-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 13–18">: 13–18 </span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Azad_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Azad Jammu and Kashmir">Azad Jammu and Kashmir</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JammuKashmir1941-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 337–352">: 337–352 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AJK1941_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AJK1941-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Gilgit%E2%80%93Baltistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilgit–Baltistan">Gilgit–Baltistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JammuKashmir1941-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 337–352">: 337–352 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GilgitBaltistan1941_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GilgitBaltistan1941-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shakargarh1947-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Shakargarh1947_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Part of <a href="/wiki/Gurdaspur_district" title="Gurdaspur district">Gurdaspur District</a> which was awarded to Pakistan as part of the <a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Line" title="Radcliffe Line">Radcliffe Line</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lyallpur-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lyallpur_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">District formerly inscribed as the <i><a href="/wiki/Punjab_Canal_Colonies#Chenab_Colony" title="Punjab Canal Colonies">Chenab Colony</a></i> on the 1901 census, later renamed to <a href="/wiki/Lyallpur_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyallpur District">Lyallpur District</a>, created between <a href="/wiki/Jhang_District" title="Jhang District">Jhang District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujranwala_District" title="Gujranwala District">Gujranwala District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lahore_District" title="Lahore District">Lahore District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_District" title="Montgomery District">Montgomery District</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Multan_District" title="Multan District">Multan District</a> to account for the large population increase in the region, primarily due to the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Canal_Colonies#Chenab_Colony" title="Punjab Canal Colonies">Chenab Canal Colony</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Attock-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Attock_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">District created in 1904 by taking <a href="/wiki/Talagang_Tehsil" title="Talagang Tehsil">Talagang Tehsil</a> from <a href="/wiki/Jhelum_District" title="Jhelum District">Jhelum District</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pindi_Gheb_Tehsil" title="Pindi Gheb Tehsil">Pindi Gheb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fateh_Jang_Tehsil" title="Fateh Jang Tehsil">Fateh Jang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Attock_Tehsil" title="Attock Tehsil">Attock Tehsils</a> from <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi_District" title="Rawalpindi District">Rawalpindi District</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sheikhupura-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sheikhupura_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">District created between <a href="/wiki/Gujranwala_District" title="Gujranwala District">Gujranwala District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sialkot_District" title="Sialkot District">Sialkot District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amritsar_district" title="Amritsar district">Amritsar District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lahore_District" title="Lahore District">Lahore District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_District" title="Montgomery District">Montgomery District</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lyallpur_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyallpur District">Lyallpur District</a> in 1920 to account for the large population increase in the region, primarily due to the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Canal_Colonies#Chenab_Colony" title="Punjab Canal Colonies">Chenab Canal Colony</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/31px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/47px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/62px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/48px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/64px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Pakistan" title="Portal:Pakistan">Pakistan portal</a></span></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Khalid-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Khalid_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Khalid_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKhalid2016" class="citation news cs1">Khalid, Haroon (4 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dawn.com/news/1282025/">"Sacred geography: Why Hindus, Buddhist, Jains, Sikhs should object to Pakistan being called hell"</a>. <i>Dawn</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Sacred+geography%3A+Why+Hindus%2C+Buddhist%2C+Jains%2C+Sikhs+should+object+to+Pakistan+being+called+hell&rft.date=2016-09-04&rft.aulast=Khalid&rft.aufirst=Haroon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1282025%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Final Report of Revised Settlement, Hoshiarpur District, 1879-84 By J. A. L. Montgomery, p. 35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Census of India, 1901 By India Census Commissioner, Sir <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hope_Risley" title="Herbert Hope Risley">Herbert Hope Risley</a>, p. 137-140</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gazetteer of the Sialkot District, 1920 - Page 51</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pasrur.info/JainDeoka.htm">Baba Dharam Dass Tomb in Pasrur</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The two Jain Libraries at Gujranwala by Ramkrishna Gopal Bhandarkar in A Catalogue of Sanskrit Manuscripts in the Library of the Deccan College, by Deccan College Library, Franz Kielhorn- 1884 -- Page 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226143711/https://sites.google.com/site/abafna/jainrelicsinpakistan%20">"jainrelicsinpakistan - abafna"</a>. Abafna.googlepages.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abafna.googlepages.com/jainrelicsinpakistan">the original</a> on 26 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=jainrelicsinpakistan+-+abafna&rft.pub=Abafna.googlepages.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fabafna.googlepages.com%2Fjainrelicsinpakistan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A gazetteer of the province of Sindh by Albert William Hughes - 1876, - Page 224</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-punjab1941-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-punjab1941_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-punjab1941_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-punjab1941_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-punjab1941_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Census_Commissioner1941" class="citation web cs1">India Census Commissioner (1941). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215541">"Census of India, 1941. Vol. 6, Punjab"</a>. p. 42. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215541">saoa.crl.28215541</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221002225000/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215541">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1941.+Vol.+6%2C+Punjab&rft.pages=42&rft.date=1941&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.28215541%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=India+Census+Commissioner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.28215541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sindh1941-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sindh1941_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sindh1941_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sindh1941_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sindh1941_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Census_Commissioner1941" class="citation web cs1">India Census Commissioner (1941). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215545">"Census of India, 1941. Vol. 12, Sind"</a>. p. 28. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215545">saoa.crl.28215545</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230129064845/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215545">Archived</a> from the original on 29 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1941.+Vol.+12%2C+Sind&rft.pages=28&rft.date=1941&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.28215545%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=India+Census+Commissioner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.28215545&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NWFP1941-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NWFP1941_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NWFP1941_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Census_Commissioner1941" class="citation web cs1">India Census Commissioner (1941). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215543">"Census of India, 1941. Vol. 10, North-West Frontier Province"</a>. p. 22. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215543">saoa.crl.28215543</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230129064219/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215543">Archived</a> from the original on 29 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1941.+Vol.+10%2C+North-West+Frontier+Province&rft.pages=22&rft.date=1941&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.28215543%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=India+Census+Commissioner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.28215543&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-baluchistan1941-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-baluchistan1941_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-baluchistan1941_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Census_Commissioner1942" class="citation web cs1">India Census Commissioner (1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215993">"Census of India, 1941. Vol. 14, Baluchistan"</a>. pp. 13–18. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215993">saoa.crl.28215993</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230129064900/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215993">Archived</a> from the original on 29 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1941.+Vol.+14%2C+Baluchistan&rft.pages=13-18&rft.date=1942&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.28215993%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=India+Census+Commissioner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.28215993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JammuKashmir1941-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JammuKashmir1941_16-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Census_Commissioner1941" class="citation web cs1">India Census Commissioner (1941). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215644">"Census of India, 1941. Vol. 22, Jammu & Kashmir"</a>. pp. 337–352. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215644">saoa.crl.28215644</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230129070759/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215644">Archived</a> from the original on 29 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1941.+Vol.+22%2C+Jammu+%26+Kashmir&rft.pages=337-352&rft.date=1941&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.28215644%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=India+Census+Commissioner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.28215644&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-punjab1881-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-punjab1881_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057656">"Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. I."</a> 1881. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057656">saoa.crl.25057656</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1881+Report+on+the+Census+of+the+Panj%C3%A1b+Taken+on+the+17th+of+February+1881%2C+vol.+I.&rft.date=1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057656%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-punjab1881B-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-punjab1881B_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057657">"Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. II"</a>. 1881. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057657">saoa.crl.25057657</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1881+Report+on+the+Census+of+the+Panj%C3%A1b+Taken+on+the+17th+of+February+1881%2C+vol.+II.&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057657%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057657&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-punjab1881C-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-punjab1881C_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057658">"Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. III"</a>. 1881. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057658">saoa.crl.25057658</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1881+Report+on+the+Census+of+the+Panj%C3%A1b+Taken+on+the+17th+of+February+1881%2C+vol.+III.&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057658%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057658&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shakargarh1881-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Shakargarh1881_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.35264">"Gazetteers Of Gurdaspur District, 1883-84"</a>. 1884<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gazetteers+Of+Gurdaspur+District%2C+1883-84&rft.date=1884&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.35264&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-punjab1901-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-punjab1901_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25363739">"Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province"</a>. 1901. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25363739">saoa.crl.25363739</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+1901.+%5BVol.+17A%5D.+Imperial+tables%2C+I-VIII%2C+X-XV%2C+XVII+and+XVIII+for+the+Punjab%2C+with+the+native+states+under+the+political+control+of+the+Punjab+Government%2C+and+for+the+North-west+Frontier+Province.&rft.pages=34&rft.date=1901&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25363739%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25363739&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shakargarh1901-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Shakargarh1901_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.105602">"Punjab District Gazetteers Gurdaspur District Vol.21 Statistical Tables"</a>. 1913. p. 62<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Punjab+District+Gazetteers+Gurdaspur+District+Vol.21+Statistical+Tables&rft.pages=62&rft.date=1913&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.105602&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-punjab1911-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-punjab1911_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393788">"Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables"</a>. 1911. p. 27. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393788">saoa.crl.25393788</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+1911.+Vol.+14%2C+Punjab.+Pt.+2%2C+Tables.&rft.pages=27&rft.date=1911&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25393788%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25393788&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1911B-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Census1911B_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaul,_Harikishan1911" class="citation web cs1">Kaul, Harikishan (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.62718">"Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II"</a>. p. 27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+Of+India+1911+Punjab+Vol+XIV+Part+II&rft.pages=27&rft.date=1911&rft.au=Kaul%2C+Harikishan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.62718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-punjab1921-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-punjab1921_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25430165">"Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 2, Tables"</a>. 1921. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25430165">saoa.crl.25430165</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+1921.+Vol.+15%2C+Punjab+and+Delhi.+Pt.+2%2C+Tables.&rft.pages=29&rft.date=1921&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25430165%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25430165&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-punjab1931-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-punjab1931_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25793242">"Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables"</a>. 1931. p. 277. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25793242">saoa.crl.25793242</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+1931.+Vol.+17%2C+Punjab.+Pt.+2%2C+Tables.&rft.pages=277&rft.date=1931&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25793242%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25793242&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sindh1881-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sindh1881_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057678">"Census of India, 1891. Operations and results in the Presidency of Bombay, including Sind"</a>. 1881. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057678">saoa.crl.25057678</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240601224518/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057678">Archived</a> from the original on 1 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1891.+Operations+and+results+in+the+Presidency+of+Bombay%2C+including+Sind&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057678%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057678&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sindh1891-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sindh1891_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Census_Commissioner1891" class="citation web cs1">India Census Commissioner (1891). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25352815">"Census of India, 1891. Vol. VIII, Bombay and its feudatories. Part II, Imperial tables"</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25352815">saoa.crl.25352815</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1891.+Vol.+VIII%2C+Bombay+and+its+feudatories.+Part+II%2C+Imperial+tables&rft.date=1891&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25352815%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=India+Census+Commissioner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25352815&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sindh1901-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sindh1901_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Census_Commissioner1901" class="citation web cs1">India Census Commissioner (1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25366895">"Census of India 1901. Vols. 9-11, Bombay"</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25366895">saoa.crl.25366895</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+1901.+Vols.+9-11%2C+Bombay.&rft.date=1901&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25366895%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=India+Census+Commissioner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25366895&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sindh1911-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sindh1911_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Census_Commissioner1911" class="citation web cs1">India Census Commissioner (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393770">"Census of India 1911. Vol. 7, Bombay. Pt. 2, Imperial tables"</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393770">saoa.crl.25393770</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+1911.+Vol.+7%2C+Bombay.+Pt.+2%2C+Imperial+tables.&rft.date=1911&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25393770%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=India+Census+Commissioner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25393770&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sindh1921-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sindh1921_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Census_Commissioner1921" class="citation web cs1">India Census Commissioner (1921). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25394131">"Census of India 1921. Vol. 8, Bombay Presidency. Pt. 2, Tables : imperial and provincial"</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25394131">saoa.crl.25394131</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+1921.+Vol.+8%2C+Bombay+Presidency.+Pt.+2%2C+Tables+%3A+imperial+and+provincial.&rft.date=1921&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25394131%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=India+Census+Commissioner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25394131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sindh1931-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sindh1931_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Census_Commissioner1931" class="citation web cs1">India Census Commissioner (1931). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25797128">"Census of India 1931. Vol. 8, Bombay. Pt. 2, Statistical tables"</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25797128">saoa.crl.25797128</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+1931.+Vol.+8%2C+Bombay.+Pt.+2%2C+Statistical+tables.&rft.date=1931&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25797128%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=India+Census+Commissioner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25797128&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007%5C06%5C01%5Cstory_1-6-2007_pg13_6">TEPA to remodel roads leading to Jain Mandir Chowk</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhauri2002" class="citation news cs1">Ghauri, Aamir (5 December 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2546373.stm">"Demolishing history in Pakistan"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Demolishing+history+in+Pakistan&rft.date=2002-12-05&rft.aulast=Ghauri&rft.aufirst=Aamir&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fsouth_asia%2F2546373.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wikimapia.org/#y=31561389&x=74308056&z=18&l=0&m=h&v=2">Wikimapia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jainsamaj.org/temples/pakistan.htm">LIST OF JAIN TEMPLES IN PAKISTAN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927215541/http://jainsamaj.org/temples/pakistan.htm">Archived</a> 27 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jain_temples_in_Pakistan-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jain_temples_in_Pakistan_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jain_temples_in_Pakistan_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jainworld.com/jaintemples/pakistan_temples.asp">List of Jain temples in Pakistan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161215153537/http://www.jainworld.com/jaintemples/pakistan_temples.asp">Archived</a> 15 December 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Jain World</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBronkhorst2016" class="citation book cs1">Bronkhorst, Johannes (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=muAzDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA466"><i>How the Brahmins Won: From Alexander to the Guptas</i></a>. BRILL. p. 466. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004315518" title="Special:BookSources/9789004315518"><bdi>9789004315518</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+the+Brahmins+Won%3A+From+Alexander+to+the+Guptas&rft.pages=466&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9789004315518&rft.aulast=Bronkhorst&rft.aufirst=Johannes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmuAzDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA466&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJainism+in+Pakistan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161213055931/http://www.jainsamaj.org/rpg_site/literature2.php?id=2703">List of Jain Temples in Pakistan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pasrur.info/JainDeoka.htm">Baba Dharam Dass Tomb in Pasrur</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output 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philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_Vows" title="Five Vows">Five Vows</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa_in_Jainism" title="Ahimsa in Jainism">Ahimsa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_epistemology" title="Jain epistemology">Epistemology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kevala_Jnana" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevala Jnana">Kevala Jñāna</a></li></ul></li> <li>Jaina logic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anekantavada" title="Anekantavada">Anekāntavāda</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_cosmology" title="Jain cosmology">Jain cosmology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siddhashila" title="Siddhashila">Siddhashila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naraka_(Jainism)" title="Naraka (Jainism)">Naraka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Jainism)" title="Deva (Jainism)">Heavenly beings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_in_Jainism" title="Karma in Jainism">Karma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_Karma_(Jainism)" title="Types of Karma (Jainism)">Types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Causes_of_karma_in_Jainism" title="Causes of karma in Jainism">Causes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunasthana" title="Gunasthana">Gunasthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravya" title="Dravya">Dravya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%ABva_(Jainism)" title="Jīva (Jainism)">Jīva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajiva" title="Ajiva">Ajiva</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pudgala" title="Pudgala">Pudgala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma_(Jainism)" title="Dharma (Jainism)">Dharma</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattva_(Jainism)" title="Tattva (Jainism)">Tattva</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asrava" title="Asrava">Asrava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandha_(Jainism)" title="Bandha (Jainism)">Bandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samvara" title="Samvara">Samvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirjara" title="Nirjara">Nirjara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha_(Jainism)" title="Moksha (Jainism)"><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Mokṣa</i></span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_in_Jainism" title="Death in Jainism">Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra_(Jainism)" title="Saṃsāra (Jainism)">Saṃsāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratnatraya" title="Ratnatraya">Ratnatraya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashaya_(Jainism)" title="Kashaya (Jainism)">Kashaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jain_schools_and_branches" title="Jain schools and branches">Branches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digambara" title="Digambara">Digambara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mula_Sangha" class="mw-redirect" title="Mula Sangha">Mula Sangha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balatkara_Gana" title="Balatkara Gana">Balatkara Gana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashtha_Sangha" title="Kashtha Sangha">Kashtha Sangha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taran_Panth" title="Taran Panth">Taran Panth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bispanthi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bispanthi">Bispanthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digambara_Terapanth" title="Digambara Terapanth">Terapanth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yapaniya" class="mw-redirect" title="Yapaniya">Yapaniya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanji_Panth" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanji Panth">Kanji Panth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Avet%C4%81mbara" title="Śvetāmbara">Śvetāmbara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murtipujaka" title="Murtipujaka">Murtipujaka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaccha" title="Gaccha">Gaccha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kharatara_Gaccha" title="Kharatara Gaccha">Kharatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapa_Gaccha" title="Tapa Gaccha">Tapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristutik_Gaccha" class="mw-redirect" title="Tristutik Gaccha">Tristutik</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sth%C4%81nakav%C4%81s%C4%AB" title="Sthānakavāsī">Sthānakavāsī</a></li> <li>Terapanth</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sallekhana" title="Sallekhana">Sallekhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_meditation" title="Jain meditation">Meditation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81m%C4%81yika" title="Sāmāyika">Sāmāyika</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_monasticism" title="Jain monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_vegetarianism" title="Jain vegetarianism">Vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_in_Jainism" title="Fasting in Jainism">Fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_rituals" title="Jain rituals">Rituals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_festivals" title="Jain festivals">Festivals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paryushana" title="Paryushana">Paryushana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshamavani" title="Kshamavani">Kshamavani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahamastakabhisheka" title="Mahamastakabhisheka">Mahamastakabhisheka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upadhan" title="Upadhan">Upadhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratikramana" title="Pratikramana">Pratikramana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jain_literature" title="Jain literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jain_Scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain Scriptures">Agama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravachanasara" title="Pravachanasara">Pravachanasara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shatkhandagama" class="mw-redirect" title="Shatkhandagama">Shatkhandagama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasayapahuda" title="Kasayapahuda">Kasayapahuda</a></li> <li>Mantra <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Namokar_Mantra" title="Namokar Mantra">Namokar Mantra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktamara_Stotra" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhaktamara Stotra">Bhaktamara Stotra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattvartha_Sutra" title="Tattvartha Sutra">Tattvartha Sutra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samayas%C4%81ra" title="Samayasāra">Samayasāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptamimamsa" title="Aptamimamsa">Aptamimamsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_S%C5%ABtra" title="Kalpa Sūtra">Kalpa Sūtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttaradhyayana" title="Uttaradhyayana">Uttaradhyayana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jain_symbols" title="Jain symbols">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jain_flag" title="Jain flag">Jain flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddhachakra" title="Siddhachakra">Siddhachakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtamangala" title="Ashtamangala">Ashtamangala</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shrivatsa" title="Shrivatsa">Shrivatsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandavarta" title="Nandavarta">Nandavarta</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auspicious_dreams_in_Jainism" title="Auspicious dreams in Jainism">Auspicious dreams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">Swastika</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Ascetics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digambara_monk" title="Digambara monk">Digambara monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryika" title="Aryika">Aryika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshullak" title="Kshullak">Kshullak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattavali" title="Pattavali">Pattavali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acharya_(Jainism)" title="Acharya (Jainism)">Acharya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Scholars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nalini_Balbir" title="Nalini Balbir">Nalini Balbir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colette_Caillat" title="Colette Caillat">Colette Caillat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandabai" title="Chandabai">Chandabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Cort" title="John E. Cort">John E. Cort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dundas" title="Paul Dundas">Paul Dundas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virchand_Gandhi" title="Virchand Gandhi">Virchand Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Jacobi" title="Hermann Jacobi">Hermann Jacobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champat_Rai_Jain" title="Champat Rai Jain">Champat Rai Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmanabh_Jaini" title="Padmanabh Jaini">Padmanabh Jaini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffery_D._Long" title="Jeffery D. Long">Jeffery D. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampan%C4%81" title="Hampanā">Hampa Nagarajaiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Patil" title="Bal Patil">Bal Patil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinendra_Varni" title="Jinendra Varni">Jinendra Varni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jain_communities" title="Jain communities">Community</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ar%C4%81vaka_(Jainism)" title="Śrāvaka (Jainism)">Śrāvaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarak" title="Sarak">Sarak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Jain" title="Tamil Jain">Tamil</a></li> <li>Organisations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digambar_Jain_Mahasabha" title="Digambar Jain Mahasabha">Digambar Jain Mahasabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishwa_Jain_Sangathan" title="Vishwa Jain Sangathan">Vishwa Jain Sangathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JAINA" title="JAINA">JAINA</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Jainism in</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_India" title="Jainism in India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Bundelkhand" title="Jainism in Bundelkhand">Bundelkhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Delhi" title="Jainism in Delhi">Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Goa" title="Jainism in Goa">Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Gujarat" title="Jainism in Gujarat">Gujarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Haryana" title="Jainism in Haryana">Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Karnataka" title="Jainism in Karnataka">Karnataka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_North_Karnataka" title="Jainism in North Karnataka">North</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Kerala" title="Jainism in Kerala">Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Maharashtra" title="Jainism in Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Mumbai" title="Jainism in Mumbai">Mumbai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Rajasthan" title="Jainism in Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Tamil_Nadu" title="Jainism in Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Jainism in Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Overseas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Africa" title="Jainism in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Australia" title="Jainism in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Belgium" title="Jainism in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Canada" title="Jainism in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Europe" title="Jainism in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Hong_Kong" title="Jainism in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Japan" title="Jainism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Singapore" title="Jainism in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Southeast_Asia" title="Jainism in Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_the_United_States" title="Jainism in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Jainism and</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Jainism" title="Buddhism and Jainism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism and Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_Jainism" title="Islam and Jainism">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_Sikhism" title="Jainism and Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_non-creationism" title="Jainism and non-creationism">Non-creationism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Dynasties and empires</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chalukya_dynasty" title="Chalukya dynasty">Chalukya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Ganga_dynasty" title="Western Ganga dynasty">Ganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoysala_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoysala Empire">Hoysala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_dynasty" title="Solar dynasty">Ikshvaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadamba_dynasty" title="Kadamba dynasty">Kadamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalinga_(historical_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalinga (historical region)">Kalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurya_Empire" title="Maurya Empire">Maurya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandya_dynasty" title="Pandya dynasty">Pandya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtrakuta_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashtrakuta dynasty">Rashtrakuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santara_dynasty" title="Santara dynasty">Santara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jainism" title="History of Jainism">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Jainism" title="Timeline of Jainism">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekendriya" title="Ekendriya">Ekendriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%B1ca-Parame%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%ADhi" title="Pañca-Parameṣṭhi">Pañca-Parameṣṭhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratima_(Jainism)" title="Pratima (Jainism)">Pratima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salakapurusa" class="mw-redirect" title="Salakapurusa">Śalākāpuruṣa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Jainism)" title="Tirtha (Jainism)">Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavasarana" title="Samavasarana">Samavasarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vira_Nirvana_Samvat" title="Vira Nirvana Samvat">Jain calendar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samvatsari" title="Samvatsari">Samvatsari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panch_Kalyanaka" title="Panch Kalyanaka">Panch Kalyanaka</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Ahimsa" title="Statue of Ahimsa">Statue of Ahimsa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_temple" title="Jain temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_stupa" title="Jain stupa">Stupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_sculpture" title="Jain sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_art" title="Jain art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_law" title="Jain law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigoda" title="Nigoda">Nigoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_terms_and_concepts" title="Jain terms and concepts">Jain terms and concepts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_differences_in_Jainism" title="Sexual differences in Jainism">Sexual differences</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jains" title="List of Jains">List of Jains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jain_temples" title="List of Jain temples">List of Jain temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jain_monks" title="List of Jain monks">List of Jain ascetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Digambar_Jain_ascetics" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Digambar Jain ascetics">List of Digambar Jain ascetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Jainism-related_articles" title="Index of Jainism-related articles">Topics List (index)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F5DEB3;;width:1%">Navboxes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_Gods" title="Template:Jain Gods">Gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_Agamas" title="Template:Jain Agamas">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_Gurus" title="Template:Jain Gurus">Monks & nuns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Modern_Jain_writers" title="Template:Modern Jain writers">Scholars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_temples" title="Template:Jain temples">Temples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_temples_in_North_America" title="Template:Jain temples in North America">America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jain_centres_in_West_Bengal" title="Template:Jain centres in West Bengal">Bengal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #F5DEB3;"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/31px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/47px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/62px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Religion_in_Pakistan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Religion_in_Pakistan" title="Template:Religion in Pakistan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Religion_in_Pakistan" title="Template talk:Religion in Pakistan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Religion_in_Pakistan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Religion in Pakistan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Religion_in_Pakistan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Pakistan" title="Religion in Pakistan">Religion in Pakistan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Pakistan" title="Islam in Pakistan">Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni Islam in Pakistan">Sunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi%27a_Islam_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Shi'a Islam in Pakistan">Shi'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufism_in_Pakistan" title="Sufism in Pakistan">Sufi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Pakistan" title="Hinduism in Pakistan">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Pakistan" title="Christianity in Pakistan">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Pakistan" title="Sikhism in Pakistan">Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_in_Pakistan" title="Ahmadiyya in Pakistan">Ahmadiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD_Faith_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'í Faith in Pakistan">Bahá'í Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalash_people#Religion" title="Kalash people">Kalash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoroastrianism in Pakistan">Zoroastrianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Pakistan" title="Buddhism in Pakistan">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Pakistan" title="History of the Jews in Pakistan">Judaism</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamanism_in_Pakistan" title="Shamanism in Pakistan">Shamanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_folk_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjabi folk religion">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_Pakistan" title="Irreligion in Pakistan">Irreligion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_in_Pakistan" title="Scientology in Pakistan">Scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Pakistan" title="Freedom of religion in Pakistan">Freedom of religion</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/80px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jainism_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Jainism_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Jainism in Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Afghanistan" title="Jainism in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Armenia (page does not exist)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Azerbaijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Azerbaijan (page does not exist)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Bahrain (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Bangladesh" title="Jainism in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Bhutan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Bhutan (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in China (page does not exist)">China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Cyprus (page does not exist)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_East_Timor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in East Timor (page does not exist)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Egypt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Egypt (page does not exist)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Georgia_(country)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Georgia (country) (page does not exist)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_India" title="Jainism in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Iran (page does not exist)">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Iraq (page does not exist)">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Israel (page does not exist)">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Japan" title="Jainism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Jordan (page does not exist)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_North_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in North Korea (page does not exist)">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_South_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in South Korea (page does not exist)">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Kuwait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Kuwait (page does not exist)">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Laos" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Lebanon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Lebanon (page does not exist)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_the_Maldives&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in the Maldives (page does not exist)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Mongolia (page does not exist)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Myanmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Myanmar (page does not exist)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Nepal" title="Jainism in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Qatar (page does not exist)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Russia (page does not exist)">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Saudi Arabia (page does not exist)">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Singapore" title="Jainism in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Syria (page does not exist)">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Tajikistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Tajikistan (page does not exist)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Thailand" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Turkey (page does not exist)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Turkmenistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Turkmenistan (page does not exist)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in the United Arab Emirates (page does not exist)">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Uzbekistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Uzbekistan (page does not exist)">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Yemen (page does not exist)">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Taiwan (page does not exist)">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Hong_Kong" title="Jainism in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jainism_in_Macau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jainism in Macau (page does not exist)">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" 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