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id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#English">1 English</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Etymology">1.1 Etymology</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Pronunciation">1.2 Pronunciation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Noun">1.3 Noun</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Alternative_forms">1.3.1 Alternative forms</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#Derived_terms">1.3.2 Derived terms</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#Translations">1.3.3 Translations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Adjective">1.4 Adjective</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="#Translations_2">1.4.1 Translations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#References">1.5 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Further_reading">1.6 Further reading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Anagrams">1.7 Anagrams</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="English">English</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: English">edit</a>]</div> <div class="was-wotd floatright" style="padding-right: 1em"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Word_of_the_day/Archive/2024/June#24" title="Wiktionary:Word of the day/Archive/2024/June">WOTD – 24 June 2024</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70773207/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Dactylopius_coccus_(Barlovento)_04_ies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Dactylopius_coccus_%28Barlovento%29_04_ies.jpg/200px-Dactylopius_coccus_%28Barlovento%29_04_ies.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Dactylopius_coccus_%28Barlovento%29_04_ies.jpg/300px-Dactylopius_coccus_%28Barlovento%29_04_ies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Dactylopius_coccus_%28Barlovento%29_04_ies.jpg/400px-Dactylopius_coccus_%28Barlovento%29_04_ies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">A cluster of cochineal <a href="/wiki/insect" title="insect">insects</a> (<a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dactylopius_coccus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Dactylopius coccus">Dactylopius coccus</a>; <a href="#English:_insect">sense 1</a>).</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Dactylopius_coccus_02_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Dactylopius_coccus_02_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Dactylopius_coccus_02_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="372" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Dactylopius_coccus_02_%28cropped%29.jpg/300px-Dactylopius_coccus_02_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Dactylopius_coccus_02_%28cropped%29.jpg/400px-Dactylopius_coccus_02_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="731" data-file-height="1360" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Cochineal <a href="/wiki/dye#Noun" title="dye">dye</a> (<a href="#English:_dye">sense 2</a>) <a href="/wiki/obtain" title="obtain">obtained</a> from the <a href="/wiki/dried#Adjective" title="dried">dried</a> <a href="/wiki/body#Noun" title="body">bodies</a> of the insects.</div></div></div></div></div> The <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#noun" title="Appendix:Glossary">noun</a> is borrowed from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_French" class="extiw" title="w:Middle French">Middle French</a> <a href="/wiki/cochenille#Middle_French" title="cochenille">cochenille</a> (modern <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language" class="extiw" title="w:French language">French</a> <a href="/wiki/cochenille#French" title="cochenille">cochenille</a>), from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_language" class="extiw" title="w:Italian language">Italian</a> <a href="/wiki/cocciniglia#Italian" title="cocciniglia">cocciniglia</a> or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language" class="extiw" title="w:Spanish language">Spanish</a> <a href="/wiki/cochinilla#Spanish" title="cochinilla">cochinilla</a>; further etymology uncertain, possibly from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/coccineus#Latin" title="coccineus">coccineus</a>, <a href="/wiki/coccinus#Latin" title="coccinus">coccinus</a> (“scarlet-dyed; scarlet in colour”)<a href="#cite_note-OED-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> (whence <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_language" class="extiw" title="w:Italian language">Italian</a> <a href="/wiki/coccineo#Italian" title="coccineo">coccineo</a> (“scarlet in colour”)) + <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_language" class="extiw" title="w:Italian language">Italian</a> <a href="/wiki/-iglia#Italian" title="-iglia">-iglia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#suffix" title="Appendix:Glossary">suffix</a> forming <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#collective_noun" title="Appendix:Glossary">collective nouns</a>), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language" class="extiw" title="w:Spanish language">Spanish</a> <a href="/wiki/-illa#Spanish" title="-illa">-illa</a> (“<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#diminutive" title="Appendix:Glossary">diminutive</a> suffix”). Coccinus is derived from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="w:Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82#Ancient_Greek" title="κόκκινος">κόκκῐνος</a> (kókkinos, “scarlet; (figurative) blushing”, adjective), from <a href="/wiki/%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82#Ancient_Greek" title="κόκκος">κόκκος</a> (kókkos, “kermes oak (Quercus coccifera); insect of the genus Kermes living on the oak; scarlet dye made from crushed kermes insects”) (possibly from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Greek_substrate" class="extiw" title="w:Pre-Greek substrate">Pre-Greek</a>) + <a href="/wiki/-%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82#Ancient_Greek" title="-ινος">-ῐνος</a> (-inos, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#suffix" title="Appendix:Glossary">suffix</a> forming <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#adjective" title="Appendix:Glossary">adjectives</a>). According to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a>, cochineal is not derived from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language" class="extiw" title="w:Spanish language">Spanish</a> <a href="/wiki/cochinilla#Spanish" title="cochinilla">cochinilla</a> (“pill bug, especially the common pill bug (Armadillidium vulgare)”), a <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#diminutive" title="Appendix:Glossary">diminutive</a> of <a href="/wiki/cochina#Spanish" title="cochina">cochina</a> (“female pig, sow”) (from the animal’s shape), which coincidentally has the same spelling as <a href="/wiki/cochinilla#Spanish" title="cochinilla">cochinilla</a> (“cochineal”).<a href="#cite_note-OED-1">[1]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#adjective" title="Appendix:Glossary">adjective</a> is derived from the noun. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pronunciation">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Received_Pronunciation" class="extiw" title="w:Received Pronunciation">Received Pronunciation</a>) <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:English_pronunciation" title="Appendix:English pronunciation">key</a>): /ˌkɒt͡ʃɪˈniːl/</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r50165410">.mw-parser-output .k-player .k-attribution{visibility:hidden}</style><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_in_southern_England" class="extiw" title="w:English in southern England">Southern England</a>):</td><td class="audiofile"><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-cochineal.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cochineal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cochineal.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cochineal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cochineal.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cochineal.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-cochineal.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cochineal.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_American_English" class="extiw" title="w:General American English">General American</a>) <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:English_pronunciation" title="Appendix:English pronunciation">key</a>): /ˌkɑt͡ʃɪˈni(ə)l/, /ˈkɑt͡ʃəˌni(ə)l/</li> <li>Rhymes: <a href="/wiki/Rhymes:English/i%CB%90l" title="Rhymes:English/iːl">-iːl</a></li> <li>Hyphenation: coch‧i‧neal</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun">Noun</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Noun">edit</a>]</div> cochineal (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#countable" title="Appendix:Glossary">countable</a> and <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#uncountable" title="Appendix:Glossary">uncountable</a>, plural <a href="/wiki/cochineals#English" title="cochineals">cochineals</a>) <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_insect">(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#countable" title="Appendix:Glossary">countable</a>) A <a href="/wiki/scale_insect" title="scale insect">scale insect</a> of the <a href="/wiki/species" title="species">species</a> <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dactylopius_coccus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Dactylopius coccus">Dactylopius coccus</a>, <a href="/wiki/native#Adjective" title="native">native</a> to the <a href="/wiki/tropical#Adjective" title="tropical">tropical</a> and <a href="/wiki/subtropical#Adjective" title="subtropical">subtropical</a> <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a>, which <a href="/wiki/live#Verb" title="live">lives</a> on <a href="/wiki/prickly_pear" title="prickly pear">prickly pear</a> <a href="/wiki/cactus" title="cactus">cacti</a> (<a href="/wiki/genus" title="genus">genus</a> <a href="/wiki/Opuntia#Translingual" title="Opuntia">Opuntia</a>). <ul><li><div class="citation-whole">1697, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Dampier" class="extiw" title="w:William Dampier">William Dampier</a>, chapter VIII, in <cite>A New Voyage Round the World. [<span title="Describing Particularly, the Isthmus of America, Several Coasts and Islands in the West Indies, the Isles of Cape Verd, the Passage by Terra del Fuego, the South Sea Coasts of Chili, Peru, and Mexico; the Isle of Guam One of the Ladrones, Mindanao, and Other Philippine and East-India Islands near Cambodia, China, Formosa, Luconia, Celebes, &c. New Holland, Sumatra, Nicobar Isles; the Cape of Good Hope, and Santa Hellena. Their Soil, Rivers, Harbours, Plants, Fruits, Animals, and Inhabitants. Their Customs, Religion, Government, Trade, &c. By William Dampier. Illustrated with Particular Maps and Draughts.">…]</cite>, London: […] James Knapton, […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1179524264">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cihm_34672/page/n266/mode/1up">pages 228–229</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">The Cochineel is an Inſect, bred in a ſort of Fruit much like the Prickle Pear. […] The Silveſter gives a colour almoſt as fair as the Cochineel; and ſo like it as to be often miſtaken for it, but it is not near ſo valuable.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1930, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide" class="extiw" title="w:André Gide">André Gide</a>, “Back Again”, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Bussy" class="extiw" title="w:Dorothy Bussy">Dorothy Bussy</a>, transl., <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travels_in_the_Congo_(book)" class="extiw" title="w:Travels in the Congo (book)">Travels in the Congo […]</a></cite>, red seal edition, New York, N.Y.: Modern Age Books, published 1937, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/459358058">→OCLC</a>, part 2 (Back from the Chad), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.73738/page/n207/mode/1up">page 194</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">A prodigious quantity of insects of all sorts (but no mosquitoes) assailed us at our evening meal. […] There were some that were larger—earwigs, cochineals, a little mole-cricket, and an enormous mantis. I stuffed a number of them into my poison-bottle.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1936, H. K. Munro, F. A. Fouché, “Introduction”, in <cite>A List of the Scale Insects and Mealy Bugs (Coccidae) and Their Host-plants in South Africa = ’n Lys van die Dopluise en Wolluise (Coccidae) en hul Voedsterplante in Suid-Afrika</cite> (Union of South Africa, Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin; no. 158), Pretoria, South Africa: Government printer, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/85988257">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TKhGAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA13-PA6">page 6</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">The cochineal insects belong to the genus Dactylopius and are interesting not only on account of the dye, used in confectionery, that is obtained from them, but also because of the effect certain kinds have on their host-plants. The cochineals that infest certain kinds of prickly pear of the genus Monacantha have such an adverse effect on the plants, that the latter are completely destroyed. […] One of the cochineals that infest the last-named does have a killing effect at times, but by no means so marked.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">2003, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Eisner" class="extiw" title="w:Thomas Eisner">Thomas Eisner</a>, “The Opportunists”, in <cite>For the Love of Insects</cite>, Cambridge, Mass.; London: The Belknap Press of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01181-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01181-6">→ISBN</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/forloveofinsects0000eisn/page/318/mode/1up">page 318</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">The red dye—or cochineal red as it is called—is present in the body of cochineals, as is clearly apparent if one of the bugs is accidentally squashed. Cochineals were cultivated for their dye in the New World long before the arrival of the Spaniards. When <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s" class="extiw" title="w:Hernán Cortés">Hernán Cortés</a> entered Mexico in 1519 he was much taken by the widespread use of red in Aztec culture, and was downright dazzled by the magnificence of Montezuma's [i.e., <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moctezuma_II" class="extiw" title="w:Moctezuma II">Moctezuma II</a>'s] robe.</div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_dye">(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#uncountable" title="Appendix:Glossary">uncountable</a>) A <a href="/wiki/vivid#Adjective" title="vivid">vivid</a> <a href="/wiki/red#Adjective" title="red">red</a> <a href="/wiki/dye#Noun" title="dye">dye</a> made from the <a href="/wiki/dried#Adjective" title="dried">dried</a> <a href="/wiki/body#Noun" title="body">bodies</a> of cochineal <a href="/wiki/insect" title="insect">insects</a>. <dl><dd>Synonym: <a href="/wiki/E120#Translingual" title="E120">E120</a></dd> <dd>Coordinate term: <a href="/wiki/carmine#English" title="carmine">carmine</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole">1527, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Hakluyt" class="extiw" title="w:Richard Hakluyt">R[ichard] H[akluyt]</a>, compiler, “Notes Framed by a Gentleman heretofore to bee Giuen to One that Prepared for a Discouerie, and Went Not: And Not Unfitt to be Committed to Print, Considering the Same may Stirre up Considerations of These and of such Other Thinges, Not Unmeete in such New Voyages as may be Attempted hereafter”, in <cite>Divers Voyages Touching the Discouerie of America, and the Ilands adiacent vnto the Same, [<span title="Made First of All by Our Englishmen, and afterward by the Frenchmen and Britons: And Certaine Notes of Aduertisements for Obseruations, Necessarie for such as shall heereafter Make the Like Attempt, with Two Mappes Annexed heereunto for the Plainer Vnderstanding of the Whole Matter.">…]</cite>, London: […] [Thomas Dawson] for Thomas Woodcocke, […], published 1582, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1121309079">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hakluytdiversvoyages/page/n124/mode/1up">signatures K2, recto – K2, verso</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">Or if you can finde the berrie of Cochenile with whiche wee colour Stammelles, or any Roote, Berrie, Fruite, wood or earth fitte for dying, you winne a notable thing fitt for our ſtate of clothing. This Cochenile is naturall in the west Indies on that firme.<dl><dd>In the past, the dye was erroneously thought to be from a berry derived from a plant.</dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">[1598, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Florio" class="extiw" title="w:John Florio">John Florio</a>, “Cociniglia”, in <cite>A Worlde of Words, or Most Copious, and Exact Dictionarie in Italian and English, […]</cite>, London: […] Arnold Hatfield for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Blount" class="extiw" title="w:Edward Blount">Edw[ard] Blount</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/222555892">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldeofwordesor00flor/page/75/mode/1up">page 75</a>, column 3:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">Cociniglia, a kinde of rich flie or graine comming out of India to dye ſcarlet vvith, called Cutchenele.]</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1608, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_de_Salluste_Du_Bartas" class="extiw" title="w:Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas">[Guillaume de Salluste] Du Bartas</a>, “[Du Bartas His Second VVeeke, [<span title="Disposed (after the Proportion of His First) into Seaven Dayes: (viz.) 1. Adam, 2. Noah, 3. Abraham, 4. David. 5. Zedechias, 6. Messias, 7. Th’ Eternal Sabbath. But of the Three Last, Death (Preuenting Our Noble Poet) hath Depriued Vs">…]. Adam. […].] Eden. The I. Part of the I. Day of the II. Week.”, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josuah_Sylvester" class="extiw" title="w:Josuah Sylvester">Josuah Sylvester</a>, transl., <cite>Du Bartas His Deuine Weekes and Workes […]</cite>, 3rd edition, London: […] Humfrey Lownes [and are to be sold by Arthur Iohnson […]], published 1611, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1181680849">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ECIxPAf-JU4C&pg=PA231">page 231</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">There liues the Sea-oake, in a little ſhel; / There grovves vntill'd the ruddy Cochenel: […]</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1615 December 18 (Gregorian calendar), Daniel Baker, “The Examination of Daniel Baker, Late Steward to Captaine Iohn Smith, in the Returne of Plimoth, Taken before Sir <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Stukley" class="extiw" title="w:Lewis Stukley">Lewis Stukeley</a> Knight, the Eighth of December, 1615”, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Smith_(explorer)" class="extiw" title="w:John Smith (explorer)">Iohn Smith</a>, <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Generall_Historie_of_Virginia,_New-England,_and_the_Summer_Isles" class="extiw" title="w:The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles">The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles: [<span title="With the Names of the Adventurers, Planters, and Governours from Their First Beginning Anº: 1584 to This Present 1626. With the Proceedings of Those Severall Colonies and the Accidents that Befell Them in All Their Journyes and Discoveries. Also the Maps and Descriptions of All Those Countryes, Their Commodities, People, Government, Customes, and Religion yet Knowne. Divided into Sixe Bookes.">…]</a></cite>, London: […] I[ohn] D[awson] and I[ohn] H[aviland] for Michael Sparkes, published 1624, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1049014009">→OCLC</a>, book 6; reprinted in <cite>The Generall Historie of Virginia, [...]</cite> (Bibliotheca Americana), Cleveland, Oh.: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Publishing_Company" class="extiw" title="w:World Publishing Company">The World Publishing Company</a>, 1966, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/633956660">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OpfWAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA225">pages 224–225</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">VVithin a day or tvvo after, vve met a VVest-Indies man of vvarre, of one hundred and ſixtie tuns, a fore noone vvee fought vvith her, and then tooke her vvith one thouſand one hundred Hides, fiftie Cheſts of Cutchanele, foureteene Coffers of vvedges of Siluer, eight thouſand Rialls of eight, and ſix Coffers of the King of Spaines Treaſure, beſides the good pillage and rich Coffers of many rich Paſſengers.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#c." title="Appendix:Glossary"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr></a> 1622, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Fletcher_(playwright)" class="extiw" title="w:John Fletcher (playwright)">John Fletcher</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Massinger" class="extiw" title="w:Philip Massinger">Philip Massinger</a> [et al.?], “<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beggars%27_Bush" class="extiw" title="w:Beggars' Bush">Beggars Bush</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaumont_and_Fletcher_folios" class="extiw" title="w:Beaumont and Fletcher folios">Comedies and Tragedies […]</a></cite>, London: […] <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humphrey_Robinson" class="extiw" title="w:Humphrey Robinson">Humphrey Robinson</a>, […], and for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humphrey_Moseley" class="extiw" title="w:Humphrey Moseley">Humphrey Moseley</a> […], published 1647, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/3083972">→OCLC</a>, Act I, scene ii, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/BeaumontFletcher1647/page/n214/mode/1up">page 77</a>, column 2:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">Flo[rez]. Are you the ovvners / Of the ſhip that laſt night put into the Harbour? / 1 Mar[chant]. Both of the Ship, and lading. / Flo. VVhat's the fraught? / 1 Mar. Indico, Quitchineel, choiſe Chyna ſtuffs.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1725, James Coats, “PURPURE”, in <cite>A New Dictionary of Heraldry, Explaining the Terms Us’d in That Science, with Their Etymology, and Different Versions into Latin. [<span title="Containing All the Rules of Blazon, with Reasons for the Same. The Original Signification of Bearings. And a Concise Account of the Most Noted Orders of Knighthood That are, or have been; and of Honours and Dignities Ecclesiastical, Civil, or Military. Illustrated with 196 Devices on Copper. The Whole Design’d to Make that Science Familiar. Revis’d and Corrected, with a Letter to the Publisher, by Mr. James Coats.">…]</cite>, revised edition, London: […] Jer. Batley […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/80319171">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newdictionaryofh00coat/page/290/mode/1up">pages 289–290</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">From this Fiſh [purpura in Latin] the Tyrians drevv a Liquor, vvith vvhich they dy'd Purple, and therefore it vvas call'd Tyrius color. This vvas in thoſe Days, vvhen they knevv no other VVay of dying this Colour, and therefore it vvas exceſſive dear, and only fit for the greateſt Perſons. Aftervvards the Scarlet Berries vvere found upon the Scarlet Oak, vvhich exceeded the Bevvty of the former Colour, and ſince then the VVeſt India Cochinille, has put dovvn both.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1726, Antonio de Herrera [i.e., <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_de_Herrera_y_Tordesillas" class="extiw" title="w:Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas">Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas</a>], “The Remaining Actions of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu%C3%B1o_de_Guzm%C3%A1n" class="extiw" title="w:Nuño de Guzmán">Nuño de Guzman</a>, and Description of the Kingdom of New Galizia”, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Stevens_(translator)" class="extiw" title="w:John Stevens (translator)">John Stevens</a>, transl., <cite>The General History of the Vast Continent and Islands of America, Commonly Call’d, the West-Indies, from the First Discovery Thereof: [<span title="With the Best Accounts the People Could Give of Their Antiquities. Collected from the Original Relations Sent to the Kings of Spain. By Antonio de Herrera, Historiographer to His Catholick Majesty. Translated into English by Capt. John Stevens. Illustrated with Cutts and Maps.">…]</cite>, volume IV, London: […] Jer. Batley […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1047908899">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bim_eighteenth-century_the-general-history-of-t_herrera-y-tordesillas-a_1725_4/page/111/mode/1up">page 111</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">There is a Grove of Tuna-Trees above fifty Leagues in Length, vvhere above an hundred Tun of Cochinille might be gather'd every Year.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1751, Geronymo de Uztariz [i.e., <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Jer%C3%B3nimo_of_Uzt%C3%A1riz_and_Hemiaga" class="extiw" title="w:Luis Jerónimo of Uztáriz and Hemiaga">Luis Jerónimo of Uztáriz and Hemiaga</a>], “The Importance of Enforcing the Laws already Made in Spain in Favour of an Active Commerce. […]”, in John Kippax, transl., <cite>The Theory and Practice of Commerce and Maritime Affairs. [<span title="Written Originally in Spanish, by Don Geronymo de Uztariz, Knight of the Order of St. Jago, Member of His Catholic Majesty’s Privy Council, of the Royal Board of Trade and the Mint, and His Majesty’s Secretary in the Council and Chamber of the Indies. Translated from the Original, by John Kippax, B.D. Fellow of Clare-hall, and Master of the Academy in Little Tower-street. In Two Volumes.">…]</cite>, volume II, London: […] <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivingtons_(publishers)" class="extiw" title="w:Rivingtons (publishers)">John and James Rivington</a>, […]; and John Crofts, […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1079176272">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-iY5AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA404">page 404</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">Naples, the capital and court of that kingdom, has alſo a conſiderable trade, and vve may likevviſe find there a good market for many American commodities, ſuch as tobacco, cacao, ſugar, cochinille &c. by bartering them for linens, ravv ſilk, and other things.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">2003, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Eisner" class="extiw" title="w:Thomas Eisner">Thomas Eisner</a>, “The Opportunists”, in <cite>For the Love of Insects</cite>, Cambridge, Mass.; London: The Belknap Press of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01181-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01181-6">→ISBN</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/forloveofinsects0000eisn/page/318/mode/1up">page 318</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">The red dye—or cochineal red as it is called—is present in the body of cochineals, as is clearly apparent if one of the bugs is accidentally squashed. […] The dye was an instant success and it spawned an industry. By the year 1600, cochineal had already become one of Mexico's prime exports, second only to silver and gold in value on a pound-per-pound basis. […] From the region of Oaxaca alone, for the period 1758 to 1780, the production of cochineal amounted on average to about 1 million pounds per year.</div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#uncountable" title="Appendix:Glossary">uncountable</a>) The vivid red <a href="/wiki/color#Noun" title="color">colour</a> of this dye. <dl><dd><div class="color-panel">cochineal:  </div></dd></dl> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#c." title="Appendix:Glossary"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr></a> 1621–1623 (date written), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Massinger" class="extiw" title="w:Philip Massinger">Philip Massinger</a>, <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Maid_of_Honour" class="extiw" title="w:The Maid of Honour">The Maid of Honour. […]</a></cite>, London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Allot" class="extiw" title="w:Robert Allot">Robert Allot</a>, […], published 1632, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1190997886">→OCLC</a>, Act V, scene i, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/maidofhonourasit00mass/page/n82/mode/1up">signature [K4], recto</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">And I to make all knovv, I am not ſhallovv / VVill have my points [i.e., lace] of Cucchineale and yellovv.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">2000, Zampanò [pseudonym; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Z._Danielewski" class="extiw" title="w:Mark Z. Danielewski">Mark Z. Danielewski</a>], “The Navidson Record. Chapter IV.”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Leaves" class="extiw" title="w:House of Leaves">House of Leaves</a></cite>, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantheon_Books" class="extiw" title="w:Pantheon Books">Pantheon Books</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-42052-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-42052-8">→ISBN</a>, footnote 33, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/markzdanielewski0000dani/page/26/mode/1up">page 26</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">These days, I'm an apprentice at a tattoo shop on Sunset. […] I just keep staring at all the ink we have, that wild variety of color, everything from rootbeer, midnight blue and cochineal to mauve, light doe, lilac, south sea green, maize, even pelican black, all lined up in these plastic caps, […]</div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alternative_forms">Alternative forms</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Alternative forms">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/cochinille#English" title="cochinille">cochinille</a> (obsolete)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms">Derived terms</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Derived terms">edit</a>]</div> <div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="2"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=cochenillin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cochenillin (page does not exist)">cochenillin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/cochinealed#English" title="cochinealed">cochinealed</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/cochineal_fig#English" title="cochineal fig">cochineal fig</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:cochineal_tree" class="extiw" title="w:en:cochineal tree">cochineal tree</a> (<a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Opuntia_cochinillifera" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Opuntia cochinillifera">Opuntia cochinillifera</a>)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=lac_cochineal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="lac cochineal (page does not exist)">lac cochineal</a> (obsolete)</li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Translations">Translations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Translations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-scale_insect_of_the_species_Dactylopius_coccus"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">scale insect of the species Dactylopius coccus</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="scale insect of the species ''Dactylopius coccus''"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81584270">.mw-parser-output .translations{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .translations-cell{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightyellow,#FFFFe0);vertical-align:top;text-align:left}</style> <ul><li>Arabic: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="دودة قرمزية (page does not exist)">دودة قرمزية</a> <abbr title="gender incomplete">?</abbr></li> <li>Azerbaijani: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ko%C5%9Fenil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="koşenil (page does not exist)">koşenil</a></li> <li>Basque: <a href="/w/index.php?title=kotxinilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="kotxinilla (page does not exist)">kotxinilla</a> <abbr title="gender incomplete">?</abbr>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=kukurutxa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="kukurutxa (page does not exist)">kukurutxa</a> <abbr title="gender incomplete">?</abbr></li> <li>Belarusian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="кашаніль (page does not exist)">кашаніль</a> (kašanilʹ)</li> <li>Catalan: <a href="/wiki/cotxinilla#Catalan" title="cotxinilla">cotxinilla</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Chinese: <dl><dd>Cantonese: <a href="/wiki/%E5%91%80%E5%9B%92%E7%B1%B3#Cantonese" title="呀囒米">呀囒米</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%80%F0%AA%A2%A0%E7%B1%B3#Cantonese" title="呀𪢠米">呀𪢠米</a> (ngaa4 laan1 mai5) (obsolete), <a href="/wiki/%E8%83%AD%E8%84%82%E8%9F%B2#Cantonese" title="胭脂蟲">胭脂蟲</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%AD%E8%84%82%E8%99%AB#Cantonese" title="胭脂虫">胭脂虫</a> (jin1 zi1 cung4)</dd> <dd>Mandarin: <a href="/wiki/%E8%83%AD%E8%84%82%E8%9F%B2#Mandarin" title="胭脂蟲">胭脂蟲</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%AD%E8%84%82%E8%99%AB#Mandarin" title="胭脂虫">胭脂虫</a> <a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%83%AD%E8%84%82%E8%9F%B2" class="extiw" title="zh:胭脂蟲">(zh)</a> (yānzhichóng, yānzhīchóng)</dd></dl></li> <li>Czech: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Dervec_nop%C3%A1lov%C3%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="červec nopálový (page does not exist)">červec nopálový</a> <abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=nop%C3%A1lovec_karm%C3%ADnov%C3%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="nopálovec karmínový (page does not exist)">nopálovec karmínový</a> <abbr title="gender incomplete">?</abbr></li> <li>Danish: <a href="/w/index.php?title=cochenillelus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cochenillelus (page does not exist)">cochenillelus</a> <abbr title="gender incomplete">?</abbr></li> <li>Dutch: <a href="/w/index.php?title=cochenilleluis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cochenilleluis (page does not exist)">cochenilleluis</a> <a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochenilleluis" class="extiw" title="nl:cochenilleluis">(nl)</a> <abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr> or <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Esperanto: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ko%C4%89o&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="koĉo (page does not exist)">koĉo</a></li> <li>Estonian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=kilpt%C3%A4i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="kilptäi (page does not exist)">kilptäi</a></li> <li>Finnish: <a href="/w/index.php?title=kokenillikirva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="kokenillikirva (page does not exist)">kokenillikirva</a></li> <li>French: <a href="/wiki/cochenille#French" title="cochenille">cochenille</a> <a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochenille" class="extiw" title="fr:cochenille">(fr)</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Galician: <a href="/wiki/cochinilla#Galician" title="cochinilla">cochinilla</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Georgian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="კოშენილი (page does not exist)">კოშენილი</a> (ḳošenili)</li> <li>German: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cochenille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cochenille (page does not exist)">Cochenille</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cochenillelaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cochenillelaus (page does not exist)">Cochenillelaus</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cochenilleschildlaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cochenilleschildlaus (page does not exist)">Cochenilleschildlaus</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Hebrew: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="כנימת קוכיניאל (page does not exist)">כנימת קוכיניאל</a> <abbr title="gender incomplete">?</abbr></li> <li>Hindi: <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC#Hindi" title="क़िरमिज़">क़िरमिज़</a> <abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr> (qirmiz)</li> <li>Hungarian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=b%C3%ADborbog%C3%A1r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="bíborbogár (page does not exist)">bíborbogár</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=b%C3%ADbortet%C5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="bíbortetű (page does not exist)">bíbortetű</a> <a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/b%C3%ADbortet%C5%B1" class="extiw" title="hu:bíbortetű">(hu)</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=pir%C3%A9k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="pirék (page does not exist)">pirék</a></li> <li>Irish: <a href="/w/index.php?title=carnaid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="carnaid (page does not exist)">carnaid</a> <abbr title="gender incomplete">?</abbr></li> <li>Italian: <a href="/wiki/cocciniglia#Italian" title="cocciniglia">cocciniglia</a> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/cocciniglia" class="extiw" title="it:cocciniglia">(it)</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Japanese: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%B3%E3%83%81%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="コチニールカイガラムシ (page does not exist)">コチニールカイガラムシ</a> (kochinīrukaigaramushi), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%99%E8%84%82%E8%99%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="臙脂虫 (page does not exist)">臙脂虫</a> (enjimushi)</li> <li>Korean: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B9%8D%EC%A7%80%EB%B2%8C%EB%A0%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="깍지벌레 (page does not exist)">깍지벌레</a> (kkakjibeolle), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B0%EC%A7%80%EB%B2%8C%EB%A0%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="연지벌레 (page does not exist)">연지벌레</a> (yeonjibeolle)</li> <li>North Frisian: <a href="/wiki/cochenille#North_Frisian" title="cochenille">cochenille</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=cochenillel%C3%BCs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cochenillelüs (page does not exist)">cochenillelüs</a></li> <li>Norwegian: <dl><dd>Bokmål: <a href="/w/index.php?title=cochenillelus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cochenillelus (page does not exist)">cochenillelus</a> <abbr title="gender incomplete">?</abbr></dd></dl></li> <li>Persian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="قرمزدانه مکزیکی (page does not exist)">قرمزدانه مکزیکی</a></li> <li>Polish: <a href="/w/index.php?title=czerwiec_kaktusowy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="czerwiec kaktusowy (page does not exist)">czerwiec kaktusowy</a> <abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></li> <li>Portuguese: <a href="/wiki/cochinilha#Portuguese" title="cochinilha">cochinilha</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr>, <a href="/wiki/cochonilha#Portuguese" title="cochonilha">cochonilha</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Russian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="кошениль (page does not exist)">кошени́ль</a> <a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" class="extiw" title="ru:кошениль">(ru)</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr> (košenílʹ)</li> <li>Slovene: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ko%C5%A1eniljka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="košeniljka (page does not exist)">košeniljka</a> <abbr title="gender incomplete">?</abbr></li> <li>Spanish: <a href="/wiki/cochinilla#Spanish" title="cochinilla">cochinilla</a> <a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochinilla" class="extiw" title="es:cochinilla">(es)</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Swedish: <a href="/wiki/koschenillsk%C3%B6ldlus#Swedish" title="koschenillsköldlus">koschenillsköldlus</a> <abbr title="common gender">c</abbr></li> <li>Ukrainian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="кошеніль (page does not exist)">кошені́ль</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr> (košenílʹ), <a href="/wiki/%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C#Ukrainian" title="червець">черве́ць</a> <abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr> (červécʹ)</li> <li>Vietnamese: <a href="/w/index.php?title=b%E1%BB%8D_y%C3%AAn_chi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="bọ yên chi (page does not exist)">bọ yên chi</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%87%95%E8%84%82%E8%9F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="燕脂蟲 (page does not exist)">燕脂蟲</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=r%E1%BB%87p_son&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="rệp son (page does not exist)">rệp son</a></li> <li>Welsh: <a href="/wiki/cochbryf#Welsh" title="cochbryf">cochbryf</a> <abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-vivid_red_dye_made_from_the_dried_bodies_of_cochineal_insects;_vivid_red_colour_of_this_dye"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">vivid red dye made from the dried bodies of cochineal insects; vivid red colour of this dye</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="vivid red dye made from the dried bodies of cochineal insects; vivid red colour of this dye"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81584270"> <ul><li>Armenian: <a href="/wiki/%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%AB%D6%80#Armenian" title="որդան կարմիր">որդան կարմիր</a> <a href="https://hy.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%AB%D6%80" class="extiw" title="hy:որդան կարմիր">(hy)</a> (ordan karmir)</li> <li>Catalan: <a href="/wiki/cotxinilla#Catalan" title="cotxinilla">cotxinilla</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Chinese: <dl><dd>Mandarin: <a href="/wiki/%E8%83%AD%E8%84%82%E8%9F%B2%E7%B4%85#Mandarin" title="胭脂蟲紅">胭脂蟲紅</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%AD%E8%84%82%E8%99%AB%E7%BA%A2#Mandarin" title="胭脂虫红">胭脂虫红</a> (yānzhīchónghóng)</dd></dl></li> <li>Classical Nahuatl: <a href="/wiki/nocheztli#Classical_Nahuatl" title="nocheztli">nōcheztli</a></li> <li>Esperanto: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ko%C4%89enilo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="koĉenilo (page does not exist)">koĉenilo</a></li> <li>Estonian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ko%C5%A1enill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="košenill (page does not exist)">košenill</a></li> <li>Finnish: <a href="/wiki/kokkiniili#Finnish" title="kokkiniili">kokkiniili</a>, <a href="/wiki/karmiini#Finnish" title="karmiini">karmiini</a> <a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/karmiini" class="extiw" title="fi:karmiini">(fi)</a></li> <li>French: <a href="/wiki/cochenille#French" title="cochenille">cochenille</a> <a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochenille" class="extiw" title="fr:cochenille">(fr)</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Hindi: <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC#Hindi" title="क़िरमिज़">क़िरमिज़</a> <abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr> (qirmiz)</li> <li>Hungarian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=k%C3%A1rminsav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="kárminsav (page does not exist)">kárminsav</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=k%C3%A1rminv%C3%B6r%C3%B6s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="kárminvörös (page does not exist)">kárminvörös</a> <a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/k%C3%A1rminv%C3%B6r%C3%B6s" class="extiw" title="hu:kárminvörös">(hu)</a></li> <li>Italian: <a href="/wiki/cocciniglia#Italian" title="cocciniglia">cocciniglia</a> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/cocciniglia" class="extiw" title="it:cocciniglia">(it)</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Japanese: <a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%81%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB#Japanese" title="コチニール">コチニール</a> (kochinīru)</li> <li>Korean: <a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EC%B9%98%EB%8B%90#Korean" title="코치닐">코치닐</a> (kochinil)</li> <li>Russian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="кошениль (page does not exist)">кошени́ль</a> <a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" class="extiw" title="ru:кошениль">(ru)</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr> (košenílʹ)</li> <li>Spanish: <a href="/wiki/cochinilla#Spanish" title="cochinilla">cochinilla</a> <a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochinilla" class="extiw" title="es:cochinilla">(es)</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr>, <a href="/wiki/grana#Spanish" title="grana">grana</a> <a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/grana" class="extiw" title="es:grana">(es)</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></li> <li>Swedish: <a href="/wiki/koschenill#Swedish" title="koschenill">koschenill</a> <a href="https://sv.wiktionary.org/wiki/koschenill" class="extiw" title="sv:koschenill">(sv)</a> <abbr title="common gender">c</abbr></li> <li>Ukrainian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="кошеніль (page does not exist)">кошені́ль</a> <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr> (košenílʹ)</li> <li>Welsh: <a href="/wiki/cochbryf#Welsh" title="cochbryf">cochbryf</a> <abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjective">Adjective</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Adjective">edit</a>]</div> cochineal (not <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#comparable" title="Appendix:Glossary">comparable</a>) <ol><li><a href="/wiki/possess" title="possess">Possessing</a> a <a href="/wiki/vivid#Adjective" title="vivid">vivid</a> <a href="/wiki/red#Adjective" title="red">red</a> <a href="/wiki/color#Noun" title="color">colour</a>, as or as if <a href="/wiki/produce#Verb" title="produce">produced</a> from <a href="/wiki/dye#Verb" title="dye">dyeing</a> with <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Noun">cochineal</a> <a href="/wiki/dye#Noun" title="dye">dye</a> (noun <a href="#English:_dye">sense 2</a>). <ul><li><div class="citation-whole">1936 June, R. M. H., “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/CAT30991782011/page/n18/mode/1up">The Cottage Tulips</a>”, in <cite>Breeze Hill News</cite>, volume II, number 10, Harrisburg, Pa.: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Horace_McFarland" class="extiw" title="w:J. Horace McFarland">J[ohn] Horace McFarland Company</a>, Mount Pleasant Press, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/2445436">→OCLC</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">Batavus [a tulip variety], of somewhat the same shade, was slightly taller, and perhaps with a little more cochineal color.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1997, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Pankhurst_(historian)" class="extiw" title="w:Richard Pankhurst (historian)">Richard Pankhurst</a>, “The North: The Land of the Afars, the Country of Bahr Nägash, and Massawa”, in <cite>The Ethiopian Borderlands: Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century</cite>, Lawrenceville, N.J.; Asmara, Eritrea: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa_World_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Africa World Press">The Red Sea Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-932415-18-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-932415-18-9">→ISBN</a>, part VI (The Oromo Migration and the Gondarine Monarchy (1522–1800)), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zpYBD3bzW1wC&pg=PA416">page 416</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">The principal imports arriving by sea, then as previously, were textiles, among them coarse cotton cloth, known as Surat, the Indian port from which they were shipped, as well as blue cotton cloth and cochineal cloth called kemis, fine cloth from various parts of India, coarse white cotton cloth, and unspun cotton in balls from Yaman.</div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Translations_2">Translations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Translations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-possessing_a_vivid_red_colour"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">possessing a vivid red colour</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="possessing a vivid red colour"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81584270"> <ul><li>Finnish: <a href="/wiki/karmiininpunainen#Finnish" title="karmiininpunainen">karmiininpunainen</a></li> <li>Macedonian: please add this translation if you can</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-OED-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-OED_1-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OED_1-1">1.1</a> Compare “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/2732651029">cochineal, n.</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary#Electronic_versions" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford English Dictionary">OED Online</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Lock-red.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paid subscription required"><img alt="Paid subscription required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/8px-Lock-red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/12px-Lock-red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/16px-Lock-red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a>⁠</cite>, Oxford: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, June 2024. </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"> ^ </a> “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/cochineal">cochineal, n.</a>”, in <cite>Dictionary.com Unabridged</cite>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary.com" class="extiw" title="w:Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com, LLC</a>, 1995–present. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cochineal" title="w:cochineal"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/23px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cochineal" class="extiw" title="w:cochineal">cochineal</a> on Wikipedia.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cochineal" class="extiw" title="w:cochineal">Wikipedia </a> <ul><li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dactylopius_coccus" title="commons:Category:Dactylopius coccus"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dactylopius_coccus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Dactylopius coccus">Dactylopius coccus</a> on Wikimedia Commons.<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dactylopius_coccus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Dactylopius coccus">Wikimedia Commons </a></li> <li><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dactylopius_coccus" title="wikispecies:Dactylopius coccus"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/15px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/23px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/30px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a> <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dactylopius_coccus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Dactylopius coccus">Dactylopius coccus</a> on Wikispecies.<a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dactylopius_coccus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Dactylopius coccus">Wikispecies </a></li></ul></li> <li>Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/cochineal">cochineal</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary" class="extiw" title="w:Online Etymology Dictionary">Online Etymology Dictionary</a></cite>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anagrams">Anagrams</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=cochineal&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Anagrams">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/coachline#English" title="coachline">coachline</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=cochineal&oldid=82009442">https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=cochineal&oldid=82009442</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_derived_from_Proto-Indo-European" title="Category:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European">English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_derived_from_the_Proto-Indo-European_root_*-l%C3%B3s" title="Category:English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-lós">English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-lós</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_borrowed_from_Middle_French" title="Category:English terms borrowed from Middle French">English terms borrowed from Middle French</a></li><li><a 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/cochineal" title="cochineal – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="cochineal" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 September 2024, at 13:05.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Definitions and other text are available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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