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elasticsearch replicas"> Access replica search indices</a></li> <li>Manage <a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Database#User_databases" title="Help:Toolforge/Database"> tool databases</a></li></ul> </div><div class="tpl-navsidebar-content"> <p class="tpl-navsidebar-heading">Share and maintain tools</p><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Version_control" title="Help:Toolforge/Version control">Set up version control and code review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Developing_successful_tools" title="Help:Toolforge/Developing successful tools">Develop successful tools</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://toolhub.wikimedia.org/">Find and share tools on Toolhub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Tool_accounts#Delete_a_tool_account" title="Help:Toolforge/Tool accounts"> Delete a tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Toolforge/Contributing" title="Portal:Toolforge/Contributing">Contribute to Toolforge</a></li></ul> </div><div class="tpl-navsidebar-content"> <p class="tpl-navsidebar-heading">Get help</p><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cloud_Services_communication" title="Help:Cloud Services communication"> How and where to get help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Troubleshooting" title="Help:Toolforge/Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li></ul> </div><div class="tpl-navsidebar-content"> <p class="tpl-navsidebar-heading">Useful links</p><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Toolforge/Admin" title="Portal:Toolforge/Admin">Toolforge admin docs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Toolforge_tools" title="Category:Toolforge tools">List of tools</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://toolsadmin.wikimedia.org/">Toolforge Admin Console (toolsadmin)</a></li></ul> </div></div><p class="tpl-navsidebar-foot">[<span class="noprint plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Toolforge_nav&action=edit"><span title="Edit this template">edit</span></a></span>]</p></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2232764">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="box-Notice plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text">This page needs to be split up and combined with other existing pages. See <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347888" class="extiw" title="phab:T347888">phab:T347888</a>. Contributions welcome!</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2211903">.mw-parser-output .note{background-position:left 7px top 50%;padding:0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 40px;margin:0.5em 0;overflow:hidden;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:#333;background-repeat:no-repeat;border:1px solid #ddd}.mw-parser-output .note-inline{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .note-info{background-color:#eaf3ff;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#a3caff;padding-left:40px;min-height:25px}.mw-parser-output .note-reminder{background-color:#fff9ea;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/OOjs_UI_icon_lightbulb-yellow.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#fc3;min-height:25px}.mw-parser-output .note-warn{background-color:#fff9ea;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/OOjs_UI_icon_alert-warning.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#fc3;min-height:25px}.mw-parser-output .note-error{background-color:#fee7e6;color:#333;background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/OOjs_UI_icon_notice-destructive.svg");background-size:25px;border-color:#c33;min-height:25px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .note{background-color:transparent;color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .note{background-color:transparent;color:inherit}}</style><div role="note" class="note note-warn">Any objects manually created in <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kubernetes</a> (as opposed to using <code>toolforge</code> clients and <a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/API" title="Help:Toolforge/API">APIs</a>) are not officially supported by the Toolforge admin team. They may stop working without notice following any Kubernetes software update or platform outage.</div> <p>This page describes the <b>Toolforge Kubernetes cluster</b>. <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubernetes" class="extiw" title="w:Kubernetes">Kubernetes</a></b> (often abbreviated <b>k8s</b>) is a platform for running <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS-level_virtualization" class="extiw" title="w:OS-level virtualization">containers</a>. It is used in Toolforge to isolate Tools from each other and allow distributing Tools across a pool of servers. </p><p>You can think about container like a "micro virtual machine" whose only task is to execute a single application. It has its own (minimal) file system and limited CPU and memory resources. In Kubernetes each container is inside a pod, which is what connects the container to the tools directories, the db replicas, the internet, and with other pods. </p><p>One characteristic of containers is that, due to the small size, it can not have all packages that were present on all the Grid Engine nodes. To run your application you either need to choose a pre-built container image that has the packages you need (you can see the images available in the <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Container_images">Container images</a> section below) or use the <a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Build_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Toolforge/Build Service">Toolforge Build Service</a> to build a custom container image that contains the packages your application needs. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Kubernetes_webservices" data-mw-thread-id="h-Kubernetes_webservices"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Kubernetes_webservices"></span>Kubernetes webservices<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Kubernetes_webservices"></span></h2></div> <p>See our <a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Web" title="Help:Toolforge/Web">Webservice help</a> for more details. </p><p>You can also manually create <a href="/wiki/Portal:Toolforge/Admin/Kubernetes/Networking_and_ingress" title="Portal:Toolforge/Admin/Kubernetes/Networking and ingress">kubernetes ingressess and services</a> (for example as a way to <a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Kubernetes/Reverse_proxy" title="Help:Toolforge/Kubernetes/Reverse proxy">create reverse proxies without writing any code</a>) as you need, though it's not supported so it might break after an upgrade or not work as you expect. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Kubernetes_jobs" data-mw-thread-id="h-Kubernetes_jobs"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Kubernetes_jobs"></span>Kubernetes jobs<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Kubernetes_jobs"></span></h2></div> <p>There are two ways of running jobs on Kubernetes. </p> <ul><li>by using the <a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Jobs_framework" title="Help:Toolforge/Jobs framework"> Toolforge jobs framework</a> (recommended).</li> <li>by directly using the <a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Raw_Kubernetes_jobs" title="Help:Toolforge/Raw Kubernetes jobs"> raw Kubernetes API</a>.</li></ul> <p>Previous to allowing jobs on Kubernetes, Toolforge offered <a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Grid" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Toolforge/Grid"> Grid Engine</a> as job scheduling backend. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Namespaces"></span>Namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Namespaces"></span></h2></div> <p>Each tool has been granted control of a Kubernetes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/namespaces/">"namespace"</a>. Your tool can only create and control objects in its namespace. A tool's namespace is the same as the tool's name with "tool-" appended to the beginning (e.g. <code>tool-admin</code>, <code>tool-stashbot</code>, <code>tool-hay</code>, etc). </p><p>You can see monitoring data of your namespace in Grafana, enter in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://grafana.wmcloud.org/d/TJuKfnt4z/kubernetes-namespace?orgId=1">this page</a> and select your namespace in the select box at the top of the page. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Quotas_and_Resources" data-mw-thread-id="h-Quotas_and_Resources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Quotas_and_Resources"></span>Quotas and Resources<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Quotas_and_Resources"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2232764"><table class="box-Notice plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text">This section should be moved into a new doc along with other related content. See <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347887" class="extiw" title="phab:T347887">phab:T347887</a>. Contributions welcome!</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Storage_limits" data-mw-thread-id="h-Storage_limits-Quotas_and_Resources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Storage_limits-Quotas_and_Resources"></span>Storage limits<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Storage_limits-Quotas_and_Resources"></span></h3></div> <p>The storage size limit of a container, including the image size, is 10GB. That gives you approximately 9GB of free space to use inside the /tmp directory while the container is running, when the container ends all data is deleted. That can be useful to use with some kind of file based database (SQLite, dbm, csv, etc) when working with data that is larger than the memory available. If you need a larger temporary space you can try to use an <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#emptydir">emptydir volume</a>. For persistent storage use your tool directory (NFS mounted in /data/project) or the <a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Database#User_databases" title="Help:Toolforge/Database">toolsdb</a> (SQL server). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Container_memory_limits" data-mw-thread-id="h-Container_memory_limits-Quotas_and_Resources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Container_memory_limits-Quotas_and_Resources"></span>Container memory limits<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Container_memory_limits-Quotas_and_Resources"></span></h3></div> <p>As of this writing, Toolforge Kubernetes worker nodes have <b>16GB</b> RAM. If the RAM allocated to a single job gets close (or beyond) these numbers, Toolforge Kubernetes may be unable to schedule the tool's workloads. This applies to both webservices and jobs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Namespace-wide_quotas" data-mw-thread-id="h-Namespace-wide_quotas-Quotas_and_Resources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Namespace-wide_quotas-Quotas_and_Resources"></span>Namespace-wide quotas<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Namespace-wide_quotas-Quotas_and_Resources"></span></h3></div> <p>Your entire tool account can only consume so many cluster resources. The cluster places quota limits on an entire namespace which determine how many pods can be used, how many service ports can be exposed, total memory, total CPU, and others. To view the live quotas that apply to your kubernetes namespace, run <code>kubectl describe resourcequotas</code>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Quota_increases" data-mw-thread-id="h-Quota_increases-Quotas_and_Resources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Quota_increases-Quotas_and_Resources"></span>Quota increases<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Quota_increases-Quotas_and_Resources"></span></h3></div> <p>You can request a quota increase by opening a task for <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/manage/4834/" class="extiw" title="phab:project/manage/4834/">Toolforge (Quota requests)</a> in Phabricator. Please read all the instructions there before submitting your request. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Container_images" data-mw-thread-id="h-Container_images"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Container_images"></span>Container images<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Container_images"></span></h2></div> <p>The Toolforge Kubernetes cluster is restricted to loading Docker images published at <code>docker-registry.tools.wmflabs.org</code> (see <a href="/wiki/Portal:Toolforge/Admin/Kubernetes#Docker_Images" title="Portal:Toolforge/Admin/Kubernetes">Portal:Toolforge/Admin/Kubernetes#Docker Images</a> for more information). These images are built using the Dockerfiles in the <a class="external text" href="https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/g/operations/docker-images/toollabs-images">operations/docker-images/toollabs-images</a> git repository. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Available_container_types" data-mw-thread-id="h-Available_container_types-Container_images"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Available_container_types-Container_images"></span>Available container types<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Available_container_types-Container_images"></span></h3></div> <p>A complete list of images is available from the <a href="https://iw.toolforge.org/docker-registry" class="extiw" title="toolforge:docker-registry">docker-registry tool</a> which provides a pretty frontend for browsing the <a class="external text" href="https://docker-registry.tools.wmflabs.org/v2/_catalog">Docker registry catalog</a>. These include: </p> <ul><li>bookworm (Debian base image)</li> <li>jdk17</li> <li>node18</li> <li>perl5.36</li> <li>php8.2</li> <li>python3.11</li> <li>ruby3.1</li> <li>tcl8.6</li></ul> <p>Any image built with <a href="/wiki/Help:Toolforge/Build_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Toolforge/Build Service">Help:Toolforge/Build Service</a> is also available to use, see the details on the service page. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Troubleshooting" data-mw-thread-id="h-Troubleshooting"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Troubleshooting"></span>Troubleshooting<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Troubleshooting"></span></h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""failed_to_create_new_OS_thread"_from_kubectl" data-mw-thread-id="h-"failed_to_create_new_OS_thread"_from_kubectl-Troubleshooting"><span id=".22failed_to_create_new_OS_thread.22_from_kubectl"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-"failed_to_create_new_OS_thread"_from_kubectl-Troubleshooting"></span>"failed to create new OS thread" from kubectl<span data-mw-comment-end="h-"failed_to_create_new_OS_thread"_from_kubectl-Troubleshooting"></span></h3></div> <p>If <code>kubectl get pods</code> or a similar command fails with the error message "<i>runtime: failed to create new OS thread (have 12 already; errno=11)</i>", use <code>GOMAXPROCS=1 kubectl ...</code> to reduce the number of resources that <i>kubectl</i> requests from the operating system. </p><p>The active thread quota is per-user, not per-session or per-tool, so if you have multiple shell sessions open to the same bastion server this will effect the available quota for each of your shells. To check the active running threads for your user, use <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-shell-session mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="gp">$ </span>ps<span class="w"> </span>-Lf<span class="w"> </span>--user<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$YOUR_SHELL_USERNAME</span></code>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Get_a_shell_inside_a_running_Pod" data-mw-thread-id="h-Get_a_shell_inside_a_running_Pod-Troubleshooting"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Get_a_shell_inside_a_running_Pod-Troubleshooting"></span>Get a shell inside a running Pod<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Get_a_shell_inside_a_running_Pod-Troubleshooting"></span></h3></div> <p>Kubectl can be used to open a shell inside a running Pod: <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-shell-session mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="gp">$ </span>kubectl<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">exec</span><span class="w"> </span>-it<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$NAME_OF_POD</span><span class="w"> </span>--<span class="w"> </span>bash</code> </p><p>See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/get-shell-running-container/">Get a Shell to a Running Container</a> at kubernetes.io/docs for more information. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Communication_and_support" data-mw-thread-id="h-Communication_and_support"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Communication_and_support"></span>Communication and support<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Communication_and_support"></span></h2></div> <p>Support and administration of the WMCS resources is provided by the <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Cloud_Services_team" class="extiw" title="mw:Wikimedia Cloud Services team">Wikimedia Foundation Cloud Services team</a> and <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_movement" class="extiw" title="meta:Wikimedia movement">Wikimedia movement volunteers</a>. Please reach out with questions and join the conversation: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2126319">.mw-parser-output .tpl-contentgrid{margin:1em 0;display:grid}.mw-parser-output .tpl-contentgrid .mw-tpl-colorbox{margin:0}</style> <div class="tpl-contentgrid" style="grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)); grid-gap: 2em; grid-auto-rows: minmax(100px, auto); width: auto;"><div class="mw-tpl-colorbox" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2199608">.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0.5em 0.5em 1em 0.5em;border-radius:2px;overflow:hidden;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:var(--color-base,#202122);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);box-shadow:0 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.2)}.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox-title{background:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0);color:var(--color-emphasized,#000000);display:flex;gap:0.5rem;padding-top:0.4rem;padding-bottom:0.4rem}.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox-title--linked:hover{background:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle,#eaf3ff)}.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox-title>*:first-child{padding-left:1rem}.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox-title>*:last-child{padding-right:1rem}.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox-title>strong,.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox-title>a{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox-title-icon{opacity:0.8}.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox-title-corner{float:right;font-size:0.7em}.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox-content{padding:0.5rem 1rem}.mw-parser-output .mw-tpl-colorbox-content::after{content:"";display:block;clear:both}</style><div class="mw-tpl-colorbox-title" style=""><strong>Discuss and receive general support</strong> </div><div class="mw-tpl-colorbox-content"> <ul><li>Chat in real time in the <a href="/wiki/Help:IRC" title="Help:IRC">IRC channel</a> <span style="font-family: monospace,Courier; 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