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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisukord</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">peida</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Algus</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Paavstiks_saamine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paavstiks_saamine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Paavstiks saamine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paavstiks_saamine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skisma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skisma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Skisma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skisma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suhted_Aafrika_piiskoppidega" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suhted_Aafrika_piiskoppidega"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Suhted Aafrika piiskoppidega</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suhted_Aafrika_piiskoppidega-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suhted_Gallia_piiskoppidega" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suhted_Gallia_piiskoppidega"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Suhted Gallia piiskoppidega</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suhted_Gallia_piiskoppidega-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suhted_Illüüria_piiskoppidega" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suhted_Illüüria_piiskoppidega"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Suhted Illüüria piiskoppidega</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suhted_Illüüria_piiskoppidega-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suhted_Itaalia_piiskoppidega" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suhted_Itaalia_piiskoppidega"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Suhted Itaalia piiskoppidega</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suhted_Itaalia_piiskoppidega-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teoloogilised_vaidlused" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teoloogilised_vaidlused"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Teoloogilised vaidlused</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teoloogilised_vaidlused-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liturgilised_otsused" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liturgilised_otsused"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Liturgilised otsused</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liturgilised_otsused-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ordinatsioonid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ordinatsioonid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Ordinatsioonid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ordinatsioonid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kristlik_eetika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kristlik_eetika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Kristlik eetika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kristlik_eetika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symmachus_kultuuriloos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symmachus_kultuuriloos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Symmachus kultuuriloos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symmachus_kultuuriloos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Allikad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Allikad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Allikad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Allikad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Surm</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kirjandus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kirjandus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Kirjandus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kirjandus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Välislingid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Välislingid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Välislingid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Välislingid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Symmachus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 70 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">70 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pous_Simmachus" title="Pous Simmachus – afrikaani" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pous Simmachus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmachus_(Papst)" title="Symmachus (Papst) – šveitsisaksa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Symmachus (Papst)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="šveitsisaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B3" title="سيماشوس – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيماشوس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADmaco" title="Símaco – astuuria" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Símaco" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astuuria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Simakhus" title="Paus Simakhus – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Paus Simakhus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Symmachus" title="Paus Symmachus – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Paus Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A0u-h%C3%B4ng_Symmachus" title="Kàu-hông Symmachus – lõunamini" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kàu-hông Symmachus" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="lõunamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85_(%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96)" title="Сімах (Папа Рымскі) – valgevene" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сімах (Папа Рымскі)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valgevene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85_(%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96)" title="Сымах (папа рымскі) – valgevene (taraškievitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сымах (папа рымскі)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="valgevene (taraškievitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmakus" title="Symmakus – bretooni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Symmakus" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretooni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Симах – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Симах" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_S%C3%ADmmac" title="Papa Símmac – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Papa Símmac" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADmaco" title="Símaco – sebu" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Símaco" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmachus_(pape%C5%BE)" title="Symmachus (papež) – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Symmachus (papež)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pave_Symmachus" title="Pave Symmachus – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pave Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmachus_(Papst)" title="Symmachus (Papst) – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Symmachus (Papst)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AC%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A3%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Πάπας Σύμμαχος – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πάπας Σύμμαχος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Symmachus" title="Pope Symmachus – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pope Symmachus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADmaco" title="Símaco – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Símaco" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simako" title="Simako – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Simako" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simako" title="Simako – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Simako" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="سیماکوس – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیماکوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmaque_(pape)" title="Symmaque (pape) – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Symmaque (pape)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1pa_Symmachus" title="Pápa Symmachus – iiri" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Pápa Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADmaco,_papa" title="Símaco, papa – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Símaco, papa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kau-f%C3%B2ng_Symmachus" title="Kau-fòng Symmachus – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kau-fòng Symmachus" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%99%A9_%EC%8B%AC%EB%A7%88%EC%BD%94" title="교황 심마코 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="교황 심마코" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%BD_(%D5%80%D5%BC%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%AB_%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BA)" title="Սիմմաքոս (Հռոմի պապ) – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիմմաքոս (Հռոմի պապ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simah" title="Simah – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Simah" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papo_Simachus" title="Papo Simachus – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Papo Simachus" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Simaco" title="Papa Simaco – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Papa Simaco" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Simmaco" title="Papa Simmaco – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Papa Simmaco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%A1" title="סימכוס – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סימכוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Symmachus" title="Paus Symmachus – jaava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Paus Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jaava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98)" title="სიმახუსი (პაპი) – gruusia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სიმახუსი (პაპი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Simako" title="Papa Simako – suahiili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Papa Simako" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmachus_(papa)" title="Symmachus (papa) – ladina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Symmachus (papa)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ladina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simmahs" title="Simmahs – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Simmahs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%BCmmakhosz_p%C3%A1pa" title="Szümmakhosz pápa – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szümmakhosz pápa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Папа Симах – makedoonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Папа Симах" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedoonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8" title="पोप सिमाकस – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पोप सिमाकस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B3" title="القديس سيماشوس – Egiptuse araabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="القديس سيماشوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egiptuse araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="سیماکوس – mazandaraani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سیماکوس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandaraani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1u-hu%C3%B2ng_Symmachus" title="Gáu-huòng Symmachus – idamini" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gáu-huòng Symmachus" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="idamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Symmachus" title="Paus Symmachus – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Paus Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9_(%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E6%95%99%E7%9A%87)" title="シンマクス (ローマ教皇) – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シンマクス (ローマ教皇)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmachus" title="Symmachus – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simmac_(papa)" title="Simmac (papa) – oksitaani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Simmac (papa)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmachus_(papie%C5%BC)" title="Symmachus (papież) – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Symmachus (papież)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_S%C3%ADmaco" title="Papa Símaco – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Papa Símaco" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Simachus" title="Papa Simachus – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Papa Simachus" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85_(%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Симмах (папа римский) – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Симмах (папа римский)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simaku" title="Simaku – albaania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Simaku" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Symmachus" title="Pope Symmachus – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pope Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symachus" title="Symachus – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Symachus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pape%C5%BE_Simah" title="Papež Simah – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Papež Simah" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Папа Симах – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Папа Симах" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simah" title="Simah – serbia-horvaadi" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Simah" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbia-horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmachus" title="Symmachus – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmachus" title="Symmachus – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_S%C3%ADmaco" title="Papa Símaco – tagalogi" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Papa Símaco" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A1o_ho%C3%A0ng_Symmac%C3%B4" title="Giáo hoàng Symmacô – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giáo hoàng Symmacô" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Симах – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Симах" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%BE_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B3" title="پوپ سیماشوس – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پوپ سیماشوس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Simaco" title="Papa Simaco – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Papa Simaco" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E8%A5%BF%E7%8E%9B%E5%85%8B" title="教宗西玛克 – uu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="教宗西玛克" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="uu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3p%C3%B9_Symmachus" title="Pópù Symmachus – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Pópù Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%BE%9B%E7%91%AA" title="聖辛瑪 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="聖辛瑪" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmachus" title="Symmachus – dõmli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Symmachus" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dõmli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E8%A5%BF%E7%8E%9B%E5%85%8B" title="教宗西玛克 – hiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="教宗西玛克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q160935#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Symmachus" title="Vaata sisulehekülge [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arutelu:Symmachus" rel="discussion" title="Arutelu selle lehekülje sisu kohta [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Arutelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></span></span> </td> <td> <i>See artikkel räägib paavstist; teiste samanimeliste isikute kohta vaata lehekülge <a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus_(t%C3%A4psustus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symmachus (täpsustus) (pole veel kirjutatud)">Symmachus (täpsustus)</a>.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> <div class="nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6347534">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-spacing:3px;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:black;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;padding:0.2em;float:right;clear:right;font-size:88%;line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;padding:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox 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style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background: #F7D79C;">Symmachus</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Simmaco_-_mosaico_Santa_Agnese_fuori_le_mura.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Simmaco_-_mosaico_Santa_Agnese_fuori_le_mura.jpg/211px-Simmaco_-_mosaico_Santa_Agnese_fuori_le_mura.jpg" decoding="async" width="211" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Simmaco_-_mosaico_Santa_Agnese_fuori_le_mura.jpg/316px-Simmaco_-_mosaico_Santa_Agnese_fuori_le_mura.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Simmaco_-_mosaico_Santa_Agnese_fuori_le_mura.jpg 2x" data-file-width="422" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Valitsemisaja algus</th><td> <a href="/wiki/22._november" title="22. november">22. november</a> <a href="/wiki/498" title="498">498</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Valitsemisaja lõpp</th><td> <a href="/wiki/19._juuli" title="19. juuli">19. juuli</a> <a href="/wiki/514" title="514">514</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Eelkäija</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Anastasius_II" title="Anastasius II">Anastasius II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Järeltulija</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Hormisdas" title="Hormisdas">Hormisdas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Sünnikoht</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Sardiinia" title="Sardiinia">Sardiinia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Surmakuupäev</th><td> <a href="/wiki/19._juuli" title="19. juuli">19. juuli</a> <a href="/wiki/514" title="514">514</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Surmakoht</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Rooma" title="Rooma">Rooma</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Symmachus</b> oli <a href="/wiki/Paavst" title="Paavst">paavst</a> <a href="/wiki/498" title="498">498</a>–<a href="/wiki/514" title="514">514</a>. Ta oli 51. paavst. </p><p>Symmachus oli "<a href="/wiki/Liber_Pontificalis" title="Liber Pontificalis">Liber Pontificalise</a>" järgi pärit <a href="/wiki/Sardiinia" title="Sardiinia">Sardiiniast</a> ja ta oli Fortunatuse poeg. </p><p>Ta <a href="/wiki/Ristimine" title="Ristimine">ristiti</a> täisealisena <a href="/wiki/Rooma" title="Rooma">Roomas</a> ja sai <a href="/wiki/Gelasius_I" title="Gelasius I">Gelasius I</a> ajal <a href="/wiki/Diakon" title="Diakon">ülemdiakoniks</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kardinal" title="Kardinal">kardinaldiakoniks</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Paavstiks_saamine">Paavstiks saamine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Paavstiks saamine"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Paavstiks saamine" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus valiti paavstiks <a href="/wiki/22._november" title="22. november">22. novembril</a> 498 <a href="/wiki/Lateraani_basiilika" title="Lateraani basiilika">Lateraani basiilikas</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skisma">Skisma</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Skisma"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Skisma" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus valiti paavstiks <a href="/wiki/Vaimulik" title="Vaimulik">vaimulike</a> poolt, kes polnud rahul <a href="/wiki/Anastasius_II" title="Anastasius II">Anastasius II</a> meetodiga <a href="/wiki/Skisma" title="Skisma">skisma</a> lahendamiseks. Paavst Anastasiuse pooldajad valisid <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_basiilika" title="Santa Maria Maggiore basiilika">Santa Maria Maggiore basiilikas</a> ametisse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Prassede_kirik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santa Prassede kirik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Santa Prassede kiriku</a> ülempreestri <a href="/wiki/Laurentius_(vastupaavst)" title="Laurentius (vastupaavst)">Laurentiuse</a>, keda toetas <a href="/wiki/Rooma_senat" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooma senat">Rooma senat</a>. </p><p>Mõlemad vaimulikud siirdusid seejärel <a href="/wiki/Ravenna" title="Ravenna">Ravennasse</a> ja pöördusid asjaolude selgitamiseks <a href="/wiki/Idagoodid" title="Idagoodid">idagootide</a> kuninga <a href="/wiki/Theoderich_Suur" title="Theoderich Suur">Theoderich Suure</a> poole. Kuningas otsustas, et paavstiks on määratud isik, kes valiti esimesena ja keda toetab enamik vaimulikkonnast, seega Symmachus. </p><p><a href="/wiki/1._m%C3%A4rts" title="1. märts">1. märtsil</a> <a href="/wiki/499" title="499">499</a> peetud Rooma <a href="/wiki/Sinod" title="Sinod">sinodil</a> otsustati keelustada kõik diskussioonid paavsti järeltulija üle paavsti eluajal. Paavsti pidid ametisse valima vaimulikud ja <a href="/wiki/Ilmik" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilmik">ilmikud</a> ei tohtinud paavsti valimisse sekkuda. <a href="/wiki/Vastupaavst" title="Vastupaavst">Vastupaavst</a> Laurentius tunnustas sinodi otsuseid ja määrati <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuceria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuceria (pole veel kirjutatud)">Nuceria</a> <a href="/wiki/Piiskop" title="Piiskop">piiskopiks</a>. </p><p>Aastal <a href="/wiki/500" title="500">500</a> külastas Roomat Theoderich Suur, kes võeti linnas suurejooneliselt vastu. </p><p>Aastal <a href="/wiki/501" title="501">501</a> süüdistasid <a href="/wiki/Senaator" title="Senaator">senaatorid</a> Festus ja Probinus ning mitmed mõjukad vastupaavst Laurentiuse toetajad Symmachust, et ta pidas <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Clest%C3%B5usmisp%C3%BChad" title="Ülestõusmispühad">ülestõusmispühi</a> vana kalendri järgi <a href="/wiki/25._m%C3%A4rts" title="25. märts">25. märtsil</a>, mitte uue kalendri järgi <a href="/wiki/22._aprill" title="22. aprill">22. aprillil</a>. Theoderich andis korralduse, et paavst peab tulema Ravennasse aru andma, tema asemele määrati ajutiseks <a href="/w/index.php?title=Administraator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Administraator (pole veel kirjutatud)">administraatoriks</a> <a href="/wiki/Altinum" title="Altinum">Altinumi</a> piiskop Peetrus, kes pidi Roomas pidama <a href="/wiki/502" title="502">502</a>. aasta ülestõusmispüha <a href="/wiki/Missa" title="Missa">missad</a>. </p><p>Ravennasse teele asunud Symmachus sai <a href="/wiki/Rimini" title="Rimini">Riminis</a> aga teada, et teda süüdistatakse kõlblusetuses ja kirikuvarade võõrandamises. Paavst keeldus tunnustamast kuningat vahekohtunikuna ja pöördus tagasi Rooma, kus varjus <a href="/wiki/Rooma_Peetri_kirik" title="Rooma Peetri kirik">Rooma Peetri kiriku</a> lähedal asuvasse hoonetekompleksi. Oma käitumisega süvendas paavst tekkinud kahtlusi, mistõttu paljud vaimulikud hülgasid tema ja Laurentiuse pooldajad pöördusid kuninga poole, et see kutsuks kokku sinodi. </p><p>Theoderich kutsus skisma likvideerimiseks aastal 502 kokku sinodi. Symmachus soostus sinodi korraldamisega, kuid protesteeris piiskop Peetruse määramise vastu Rooma administraatoriks. Sinodi esimesel sessioonil <a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_in_Trasetevere_kirik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santa Maria in Trasetevere kirik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Santa Maria in Trasetevere kirikus</a> keeldus paavst tunnistusi andmast, kuni piiskop Peetrus tagandatakse administraatori ametist. Theoderich keeldus paavsti nõuet rahuldamast. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Croce_in_Gerusalemme_kirik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santa Croce in Gerusalemme kirik (pole veel kirjutatud)">Santa Croce in Gerusalemme kirikus</a> <a href="/wiki/1._september" title="1. september">1. septembril</a> peetud teisele sessioonile Symmachus ei saabunud, sest teel sinna rünnati tema <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eskort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eskort (pole veel kirjutatud)">eskorti</a> ja tapeti mõned <a href="/wiki/Preester" title="Preester">preestrid</a>. Theoderich saatis paavsti turvama idagoodid, kuid paavst keeldus Rooma Peetri kirikust lahkumast. </p><p><a href="/wiki/23._oktoober" title="23. oktoober">23. oktoobril</a> 502 otsustas sinod, et Symmachus on õigusjärgne paavst, kuid kohtumõistmine tuleb jätta <a href="/wiki/Jumal" title="Jumal">Jumala</a> hooleks. Symmachus vabastati kõikidest süüdistustes ja kõik vaimulikud olid kohustatud temaga liituma. Vaimulikud, kes Roomas tegutsesid ilma paavsti volituseta, loeti skismaatikuteks. </p><p>Symmachus kutsus <a href="/wiki/6._november" title="6. november">6. novembril</a> 502 Rooma Peetri kirikus kokku uue sessiooni, kus kuulutati ebaseaduslikus <a href="/wiki/Prefekt_(Vana-Rooma)" title="Prefekt (Vana-Rooma)">prefekt</a> Basiliuse <a href="/wiki/483" title="483">483</a> aasta otsus, et paavstil on keelatud <a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B5%C3%B5randamine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Võõrandamine (pole veel kirjutatud)">võõrandada</a> kiriku vara. </p><p>Theoderich ei tunnustanud viimase sessiooni otsust ja lubas Laurentiusel Rooma tagasi pöörduda. Paavst resideeris järgnevatel aastatel Rooma Peetri kiriku lähedal asunud hoonetekompleksis vastupaavst <a href="/wiki/Lateraani_palee" title="Lateraani palee">Lateraani palees</a>. </p><p>Aastal <a href="/wiki/506" title="506">506</a> leidis Theoderich, et vastupaavst oli liiga <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCtsants" title="Bütsants">bütsantsimeelne</a>, tagandas ta ametist ja käskis Festusel anda Symmachusele tagasi kirikuvarad. Laurentiuse tagandamisele aitasid oluliselt kaasa Symmachuse <a href="/wiki/Diakon" title="Diakon">diakonite</a> Ennodiuse ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dioscorus_(vastupaavst)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dioscorus (vastupaavst) (pole veel kirjutatud)">Dioscoruse</a> diplomaatia, kuid paljud vaimulikud ei soostunud paavstiga liituma. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ida-Rooma_keiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Ida-Rooma keiser">Ida-Rooma keiser</a> <a href="/wiki/Anastasius_I_(keiser)" title="Anastasius I (keiser)">Anastasius I</a> andis välja <a href="/wiki/Edikt" title="Edikt">edikti</a> Symmachuse vastu, milles kinnitas, et Symmachus valiti paavstiks ebaausal teel, süüdistas teda <a href="/wiki/Manilus" title="Manilus">maniluse</a> pooldamises ja taunis, et paavst oli <a href="/wiki/Ekskommunikatsioon" title="Ekskommunikatsioon">ekskommunitseerinud</a> keisri. Symmachus lükkas keisri süüdistused ümber. Aastal 514 soostus keiser paavstiga rääkima <a href="/wiki/484" title="484">484</a> aastal alanud skisma lõpetamisest, kuid paavst suri vahetult enne seda, kui keisri delegatsioon Rooma jõudis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suhted_Aafrika_piiskoppidega">Suhted Aafrika piiskoppidega</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Suhted Aafrika piiskoppidega"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Suhted Aafrika piiskoppidega" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus saatis "Liber Pontificalise" järgi suuri rahasummasid <a href="/wiki/Aafrika" title="Aafrika">Aafrika</a> <a href="/wiki/Piiskop" title="Piiskop">piiskoppide</a> toetuseks, kes kannatasid <a href="/wiki/Ariaanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariaanid">ariaanidest</a> <a href="/wiki/Vandaalid" title="Vandaalid">vandaalide</a> tagakiusamise all. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suhted_Gallia_piiskoppidega">Suhted Gallia piiskoppidega</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Suhted Gallia piiskoppidega"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Suhted Gallia piiskoppidega" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aastal <a href="/wiki/499" title="499">499</a> kaebas <a href="/wiki/Arles" title="Arles">Arles</a>'i <a href="/wiki/Metropoliit" title="Metropoliit">metropoliit</a> Eonus paavstile <a href="/wiki/Vienne" title="Vienne">Vienne</a>'i metropoliidi Avituse peale, kes oli <a href="/wiki/Ordinatsioon" title="Ordinatsioon">ordineerinud</a> piiskoppe Eonuse jurisdiktsiooni alla kuuluvatel aladel. Symmachus nõudis mõlemalt vaimulikult seletust. <a href="/wiki/6._november" title="6. november">6. novembril</a> <a href="/wiki/513" title="513">513</a> kinnitas paavst Arles'i metropoliidi õigused. Arles'i metropoliit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesarius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caesarius (pole veel kirjutatud)">Caesarius</a> saabus aastal 514 Rooma <a href="/wiki/Palver%C3%A4nnak" title="Palverännak">palverännakule</a> ja <a href="/wiki/11._juuni" title="11. juuni">11. juunil</a> 514 taastas Symmachus Arles'i metropoliidi õigused <a href="/wiki/Gallia" title="Gallia">Gallias</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Hispaania" title="Hispaania">Hispaanias</a>, kuid rõhutas, et ta peab tunnustama teiste piiskoppide vanu õigusi ja peab teatama tekkivatest probleemidest Roomale. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suhted_Illüüria_piiskoppidega"><span id="Suhted_Ill.C3.BC.C3.BCria_piiskoppidega"></span>Suhted Illüüria piiskoppidega</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Suhted Illüüria piiskoppidega"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Suhted Illüüria piiskoppidega" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus saatis <a href="/wiki/8._oktoober" title="8. oktoober">8. oktoobril</a> <a href="/wiki/512" title="512">512</a> kirja <a href="/wiki/Ill%C3%BC%C3%BCria" title="Illüüria">Illüüria</a> piiskoppidele, milles keelas neil olema <a href="/w/index.php?title=Osadus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osadus (pole veel kirjutatud)">osaduses</a> <a href="/wiki/Ketser" title="Ketser">ketseritega</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suhted_Itaalia_piiskoppidega">Suhted Itaalia piiskoppidega</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Suhted Itaalia piiskoppidega"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Suhted Itaalia piiskoppidega" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus toetas <a href="/wiki/Itaalia" title="Itaalia">Itaalia</a> piiskoppe, kes kannatasid <a href="/wiki/Ariaanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariaanid">ariaanide</a> rüüstamise pärast. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Teoloogilised_vaidlused">Teoloogilised vaidlused</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Teoloogilised vaidlused"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Teoloogilised vaidlused" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus taunis <a href="/wiki/Manilus" title="Manilus">manilust</a>. Ta ajas "Liber Pontificalise" järgi manilased Roomast minema ja lasi põletada nende pühakirju. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liturgilised_otsused">Liturgilised otsused</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Liturgilised otsused"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Liturgilised otsused" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus kohustas "Liber Pontificalise" järgi piiskoppide poolt <a href="/wiki/P%C3%BChap%C3%A4ev" title="Pühapäev">pühapäeviti</a> ja <a href="/wiki/P%C3%BChak" title="Pühak">pühakute</a> mälestuspäevadel peetavatel <a href="/wiki/Missa" title="Missa">missadel</a> laulma "<a href="/wiki/Gloria_in_excelsis" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloria in excelsis">Gloria in excelsist</a>". </p><p>Aastal <a href="/wiki/513" title="513">513</a> andis ta <a href="/wiki/Arles" title="Arles">Arles</a>'i <a href="/wiki/Metropoliit" title="Metropoliit">metropoliidile</a> õiguse kanda <a href="/wiki/Pallium" title="Pallium">palliumit</a>. See oli esimene kord, kui paavst andis palliumi väljaspool <a href="/wiki/Itaalia" title="Itaalia">Itaaliat</a> resideerivale <a href="/wiki/Vaimulik" title="Vaimulik">vaimulikule</a>. </p><p>Ta lubas Arles'i diakonitel kanda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalmaatika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dalmaatika (pole veel kirjutatud)">dalmaatikat</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ordinatsioonid">Ordinatsioonid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Ordinatsioonid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Ordinatsioonid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus <a href="/wiki/Ordinatsioon" title="Ordinatsioon">ordineeris</a> "Liber Pontificalise" järgi 107 piiskoppi, 92 preestrit ja 16 diakonit. Tema ajast on teada 12 <a href="/wiki/Kardinal" title="Kardinal">kardinali</a>, sealhulgas hilisem paavst <a href="/wiki/Hormisdas" title="Hormisdas">Hormisdas</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kristlik_eetika">Kristlik eetika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Muuda alaosa "Kristlik eetika"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=10" title="Muuda alaosa "Kristlik eetika" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus saatis "Liber Pontificalise" järgi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lunaraha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lunaraha (pole veel kirjutatud)">lunaraha</a> pantvangide vabastamiseks <a href="/wiki/Liguuria" title="Liguuria">Liguurias</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Milano" title="Milano">Milanos</a>. </p><p>Ta lasi ehitada <a href="/wiki/Rooma_Peetri_kirik" title="Rooma Peetri kirik">Rooma Peetri</a>, Rooma Pauluse kiriku ja San Lorenzo kiriku juurde <a href="/wiki/Hospiits" title="Hospiits">hospiitse</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symmachus_kultuuriloos">Symmachus kultuuriloos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Muuda alaosa "Symmachus kultuuriloos"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=11" title="Muuda alaosa "Symmachus kultuuriloos" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus lasi "Liber Pontificalise" järgi rajada ja <a href="/wiki/Ornament" title="Ornament">ornamentidega</a> kaunistada mitmeid Rooma <a href="/wiki/Kirik_(p%C3%BChakoda)" title="Kirik (pühakoda)">kirikuid</a>. Tema ajal ehitati Roomas San Andrea kirik, San Martino ai Monti kirik, San Pancrazio fuori le Mura kirik ja Sant' Agnese fuori le Mura kirik. Tema ajal kaunistati <a href="/wiki/Rooma_Peetri_kirik" title="Rooma Peetri kirik">Rooma Peetri kirikut</a>. Ta lasi ehitada Peetri kiriku juurde paavstliku residentsi. </p><p>Ta lasi "Liber Pontificalise" järgi Via Salaria Nova piirkonda rajada kalmistu. </p><p>Kuna ajaloolased soostuvad tema "Liber Pontificalises" antud ametiaja dateeringuga, siis on "Liber Pontificalise" paavstide elulugude varasemaks koostamisajaks pakutud <a href="/wiki/6._sajand" title="6. sajand">6. sajandi</a> esimest poolt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Allikad">Allikad</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Muuda alaosa "Allikad"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=12" title="Muuda alaosa "Allikad" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachust on peetud kirjutiste "Gesta synodi Sinuessanae de Marcellino", "Constitutum Silvestri", "Gesta Liberii" ja "Gesta de purgatione Xysti et Polychronii accusatione" autoriks, kuid nende kirjutiste autorsus on vaieldav. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surm">Surm</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Muuda alaosa "Surm"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=13" title="Muuda alaosa "Surm" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symmachus suri <a href="/wiki/19._juuli" title="19. juuli">19. juulil</a> 514 <a href="/wiki/Rooma" title="Rooma">Roomas</a> ja maeti "Liber Pontificalise" järgi <a href="/wiki/Rooma_Peetri_kirik" title="Rooma Peetri kirik">Rooma Peetri kirikusse</a>. </p><p>Teda austatakse <a href="/wiki/Katoliku_kirik" title="Katoliku kirik">katoliku kirikus</a> <a href="/wiki/P%C3%BChak" title="Pühak">pühakuna</a>. Tema mälestuspäev on 19. juuli. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kirjandus">Kirjandus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Muuda alaosa "Kirjandus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=14" title="Muuda alaosa "Kirjandus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ada_Alessandrini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ada Alessandrini (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ada Alessandrini</a>: <i>Teoderico e papa Simmaco durante lo scisma laurenziano</i>. "Archivio della R. Deputazione Romana di Storia Patria" 67, 1944: 153–207.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roberto_Cessi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roberto Cessi (pole veel kirjutatud)">Roberto Cessi</a>: <i>Lo scisma laurenziano e le origini della dottrina politica della Chiesa di Roma</i>. "Archivio della R. Società Romana di Storia Patria" 42, 1919: 5–229.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Norman_Davidson_Kelly" title="John Norman Davidson Kelly">J. N. D. Kelly</a>: <i>The Oxford Dictionary of Popes</i>. 1996.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Pontificalis" title="Liber Pontificalis">Liber Pontificalis</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Llewellyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Llewellyn (pole veel kirjutatud)">Peter Llewellyn</a>: <i>The Roman Church During the Laurentian Schism: Priests and Senators</i>. "Church History" 45, 1976: 417–427.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Llewellyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Llewellyn (pole veel kirjutatud)">Peter Llewellyn</a>: <i>The Roman Clergy During the Laurentian Schism (498–506). A Preliminary Analysis</i>. "Ancient Society" 8, 1977: 245–275.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Moorhead&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Moorhead (pole veel kirjutatud)">John Moorhead</a>: <i>The Laurentian Schism: East and West in the Roman Church</i>. "Church History" 47, 1978: 125–136.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Battista_Picotti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovanni Battista Picotti (pole veel kirjutatud)">Giovanni Battista Picotti</a>: <i>I sinodi romani nello scisma laurenziano</i>. "Studi storici in onore di G.B. Volpe“, II. Firenze, 1958: 743–786.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Pietri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Pietri (pole veel kirjutatud)">Charles Pietri</a>: <i>Le sénat, le peuple chrétien et les partis du cirque à Rome sous le pape Symmaque</i>. "Mélanges d'Archéologie et d'Histoire. École Française de Rome" 78, 1966: 123–139.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teresa_Sardella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teresa Sardella (pole veel kirjutatud)">Teresa Sardella</a>: <i>Società Chiesa e Stato nell'età di Teoderico. Papa Simmaco e lo scisma laurenziano</i>. Soveria Mannelli, 1996.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_St%C3%B6ber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fritz Stöber (pole veel kirjutatud)">Fritz Stöber</a>: <i>Quellenstudien zum Laurentianischen Schisma</i>. Wien, 1886.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Thomas_Townsend&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Thomas Townsend (pole veel kirjutatud)">William Thomas Townsend</a>: <i>The So-Called Symmachian Forgeries</i>. "Journal of Religions" 13, 1933: 165–174.</li> <li>William Thomas Townsend: <i>Councils Held Under Pope Symmachus</i>. "Church History" 6, 1937: 233–259.</li> <li>William Thomas Townsend: <i>Ennodius and Pope Symmachus</i>. L. Webber Jones, "Classical and Medieval Studies in Honor of E.K. Rand" I. New York, 1938: 277–291.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvatore_Vacca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salvatore Vacca (pole veel kirjutatud)">Salvatore Vacca</a>: <i>Il principio "prima sedes a nemine iudicatur" durante il pontificato di Simmaco</i>. "Laurentianum" 33, 1992: 3–55.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gottfried_Westenburger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gottfried Westenburger (pole veel kirjutatud)">Gottfried Westenburger</a>: <i>Der Symmachusprozess von 501. Kirchenkrise und Papstdoktrin</i>. Tübingen, 1939.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eckhard_Wirbelauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eckhard Wirbelauer (pole veel kirjutatud)">Eckhard Wirbelauer</a>: <i>Zwei Päpste in Rom. Der Konflikt zwischen Laurentius und Symmachus</i>. München, 1993.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Välislingid"><span id="V.C3.A4lislingid"></span>Välislingid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symmachus&action=edit&section=15" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14377a.htm">Artikkel Symmachuse kohta</a> <i>(inglise keeles)</i></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_Christian_Biography_and_Literature_to_the_End_of_the_Sixth_Century/Symmachus,_bp._of_Rome" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Symmachus, bp. of Rome">Artikkel Symmachuse kohta</a> <i>(inglise keeles)</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios496.htm#Simmaco">Artikkel Symmachusest.</a> <i>(inglise keeles)</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cardinals.fiu.edu/consistories-vi.htm#Symmachus">Symmachuse konsistooriumid.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/01_01_0498-0514-_Symmachus,_Sanctus.html">Symmachuse kirjad.</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 0.5em auto; clear: both; font-size:95%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr style="text-align: center;"> <td width="30%">Eelnev<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Anastasius_II" title="Anastasius II">Anastasius II</a></b> </td> <td width="40%"><b><a href="/wiki/Rooma_paavst" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooma paavst">Rooma paavst</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/498" title="498">498</a>–<a href="/wiki/514" title="514">514</a> </td> <td width="30%">Järgnev<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Hormisdas" title="Hormisdas">Hormisdas</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5502657">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:2px;background-color:#fdfdfd;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{font-weight:bold;background-color:#ccccff}.mw-parser-output .mw-collapsed .navbox-titleimage{display:none}.mw-parser-output .navbox-titleimage{margin:0;padding:2px;float:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-content .hlist{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox a{white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="navbox-titleimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/113px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/150px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span></div> <div class="navbox-title" style="background:background-color: gold; color:inherit"><div style="margin:0 4em;">Roomakatoliku kiriku <a href="/wiki/Paavst" title="Paavst">paavstid</a></div></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <p><b>1.–4. sajand:</b> <a href="/wiki/Peetrus" title="Peetrus">Peetrus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Linus" title="Linus">Linus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Anacletus_I" title="Anacletus I">Anacletus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_I" title="Clemens I">Clemens I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Evaristus" title="Evaristus">Evaristus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_I_(paavst)" title="Aleksander I (paavst)">Aleksander I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sixtus_I" title="Sixtus I">Sixtus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Telesphorus" title="Telesphorus">Telesphorus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hyginus" title="Hyginus">Hyginus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_I" title="Pius I">Pius I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Anicetus" title="Anicetus">Anicetus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Soter" title="Soter">Soter</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eleutherus" title="Eleutherus">Eleutherus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Victor_I" title="Victor I">Victor I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Zephyrinus" title="Zephyrinus">Zephyrinus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Calixtus_I" title="Calixtus I">Calixtus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Urbanus_I" title="Urbanus I">Urbanus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pontianus" title="Pontianus">Pontianus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Anterus" title="Anterus">Anterus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Fabianus" title="Fabianus">Fabianus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Cornelius" title="Cornelius">Cornelius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Lucius_I" title="Lucius I">Lucius I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_I" title="Stephanus I">Stephanus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sixtus_II" title="Sixtus II">Sixtus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Dionysius_(paavst)" title="Dionysius (paavst)">Dionysius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Felix_I" title="Felix I">Felix I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eutychianus" title="Eutychianus">Eutychianus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Caius" title="Caius">Caius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Marcellinus" title="Marcellinus">Marcellinus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Marcellus_I" title="Marcellus I">Marcellus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eusebius_(paavst)" title="Eusebius (paavst)">Eusebius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Miltiades_(paavst)" title="Miltiades (paavst)">Miltiades</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Silvester_I" title="Silvester I">Silvester I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Marcus_(paavst)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus (paavst)">Marcus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Julius_I" title="Julius I">Julius I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Liberius" title="Liberius">Liberius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Damasus_I" title="Damasus I">Damasus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Siricius" title="Siricius">Siricius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Anastasius_I_(paavst)" title="Anastasius I (paavst)">Anastasius I</a> </p><p><b>5.–8. sajand:</b> <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_I" title="Innocentius I">Innocentius I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Zosimus" title="Zosimus">Zosimus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bonifatius_I" title="Bonifatius I">Bonifatius I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Coelestinus_I" title="Coelestinus I">Coelestinus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sixtus_III" title="Sixtus III">Sixtus III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_I_(paavst)" title="Leo I (paavst)">Leo I</a> Suur <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hilarius" title="Hilarius">Hilarius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Simplicius" title="Simplicius">Simplicius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Felix_III" title="Felix III">Felix III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gelasius_I" title="Gelasius I">Gelasius I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Anastasius_II" title="Anastasius II">Anastasius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Symmachus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hormisdas" title="Hormisdas">Hormisdas</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_I_(paavst)" title="Johannes I (paavst)">Johannes I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Felix_IV" title="Felix IV">Felix IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bonifatius_II" title="Bonifatius II">Bonifatius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_II_(paavst)" title="Johannes II (paavst)">Johannes II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Agapetus_I" title="Agapetus I">Agapetus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Silverius" title="Silverius">Silverius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Vigilius" title="Vigilius">Vigilius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pelagius_I" title="Pelagius I">Pelagius I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_III_(paavst)" title="Johannes III (paavst)">Johannes III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_I" title="Benedictus I">Benedictus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pelagius_II" title="Pelagius II">Pelagius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_I_Suur" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorius I Suur">Gregorius I Suur</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sabinianus" title="Sabinianus">Sabinianus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bonifatius_III" title="Bonifatius III">Bonifatius III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bonifatius_IV" title="Bonifatius IV">Bonifatius IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Adeodatus_I" title="Adeodatus I">Adeodatus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bonifatius_V" title="Bonifatius V">Bonifatius V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Honorius_I" title="Honorius I">Honorius I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Severinus_(paavst)" title="Severinus (paavst)">Severinus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_IV_(paavst)" title="Johannes IV (paavst)">Johannes IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Theodorus_I" title="Theodorus I">Theodorus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Martinus_I" title="Martinus I">Martinus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eugenius_I" title="Eugenius I">Eugenius I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Vitalianus" title="Vitalianus">Vitalianus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Adeodatus_II" title="Adeodatus II">Adeodatus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Donus" title="Donus">Donus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Agatho" title="Agatho">Agatho</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_II_(paavst)" title="Leo II (paavst)">Leo II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_II" title="Benedictus II">Benedictus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_V_(paavst)" title="Johannes V (paavst)">Johannes V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Conon" title="Conon">Conon</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sergius_I" title="Sergius I">Sergius I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_VI_(paavst)" title="Johannes VI (paavst)">Johannes VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_VII_(paavst)" title="Johannes VII (paavst)">Johannes VII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sisinnius" title="Sisinnius">Sisinnius</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Constantinus" title="Constantinus">Constantinus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_II" title="Gregorius II">Gregorius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_III" title="Gregorius III">Gregorius III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Zacharias" title="Zacharias">Zacharias</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_II" title="Stephanus II">Stephanus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paulus_I" title="Paulus I">Paulus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_III" title="Stephanus III">Stephanus III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hadrianus_I" title="Hadrianus I">Hadrianus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_III_(paavst)" title="Leo III (paavst)">Leo III</a> </p><p><b>9.–12. sajand:</b> <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_IV" title="Stephanus IV">Stephanus IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paschalis_I" title="Paschalis I">Paschalis I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eugenius_II" title="Eugenius II">Eugenius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Valentinus_(paavst)" title="Valentinus (paavst)">Valentinus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_IV" title="Gregorius IV">Gregorius IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sergius_II" title="Sergius II">Sergius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_IV_(paavst)" title="Leo IV (paavst)">Leo IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_III" title="Benedictus III">Benedictus III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_I" title="Nicolaus I">Nicolaus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hadrianus_II" title="Hadrianus II">Hadrianus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_VIII_(paavst)" title="Johannes VIII (paavst)">Johannes VIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Marinus_I" title="Marinus I">Marinus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hadrianus_III" title="Hadrianus III">Hadrianus III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_V" title="Stephanus V">Stephanus V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Formosus" title="Formosus">Formosus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bonifatius_VI" title="Bonifatius VI">Bonifatius VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_VI" title="Stephanus VI">Stephanus VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Romanus_(paavst)" title="Romanus (paavst)">Romanus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Theodorus_II" title="Theodorus II">Theodorus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_IX" title="Johannes IX">Johannes IX</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_IV" title="Benedictus IV">Benedictus IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_V_(paavst)" title="Leo V (paavst)">Leo V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sergius_III" title="Sergius III">Sergius III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Anastasius_III" title="Anastasius III">Anastasius III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Lando" title="Lando">Lando</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_X" title="Johannes X">Johannes X</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_VI_(paavst)" title="Leo VI (paavst)">Leo VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_VII" title="Stephanus VII">Stephanus VII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XI" title="Johannes XI">Johannes XI</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_VII" title="Leo VII">Leo VII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_VIII" title="Stephanus VIII">Stephanus VIII</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Marinus_II" title="Marinus II">Marinus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Agapetus_II" title="Agapetus II">Agapetus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XII" title="Johannes XII">Johannes XII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_VIII" title="Leo VIII">Leo VIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_V" title="Benedictus V">Benedictus V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_VIII" title="Leo VIII">Leo VIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XIII" title="Johannes XIII">Johannes XIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_VI" title="Benedictus VI">Benedictus VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_VII" title="Benedictus VII">Benedictus VII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XIV" title="Johannes XIV">Johannes XIV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XV" title="Johannes XV">Johannes XV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_V" title="Gregorius V">Gregorius V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Silvester_II" title="Silvester II">Silvester II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XVII" title="Johannes XVII">Johannes XVII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XVIII" title="Johannes XVIII">Johannes XVIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sergius_IV" title="Sergius IV">Sergius IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_VIII" title="Benedictus VIII">Benedictus VIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XIX" title="Johannes XIX">Johannes XIX</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_IX" title="Benedictus IX">Benedictus IX</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Silvester_III" title="Silvester III">Silvester III</a> <b>·</b>  Benedictus IX <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_VI" title="Gregorius VI">Gregorius VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_II" title="Clemens II">Clemens II</a> <b>·</b>  Benedictus IX <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Damasus_II" title="Damasus II">Damasus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_IX" title="Leo IX">Leo IX</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Victor_II" title="Victor II">Victor II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_IX" title="Stephanus IX">Stephanus IX</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_II" title="Nicolaus II">Nicolaus II</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_II_(paavst)" title="Aleksander II (paavst)">Aleksander II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_VII" title="Gregorius VII">Gregorius VII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Victor_III" title="Victor III">Victor III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Urbanus_II" title="Urbanus II">Urbanus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paschalis_II" title="Paschalis II">Paschalis II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gelasius_II" title="Gelasius II">Gelasius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Calixtus_II" title="Calixtus II">Calixtus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Honorius_II" title="Honorius II">Honorius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_II" title="Innocentius II">Innocentius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Coelestinus_II" title="Coelestinus II">Coelestinus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Lucius_II" title="Lucius II">Lucius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eugenius_III" title="Eugenius III">Eugenius III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Anastasius_IV" title="Anastasius IV">Anastasius IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hadrianus_IV" title="Hadrianus IV">Hadrianus IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_III_(paavst)" title="Aleksander III (paavst)">Aleksander III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Lucius_III" title="Lucius III">Lucius III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Urbanus_III" title="Urbanus III">Urbanus III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_VIII" title="Gregorius VIII">Gregorius VIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_III" title="Clemens III">Clemens III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Coelestinus_III" title="Coelestinus III">Coelestinus III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_III" title="Innocentius III">Innocentius III</a> </p><p><b>13.–16. sajand:</b> <a href="/wiki/Honorius_III" title="Honorius III">Honorius III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_IX" title="Gregorius IX">Gregorius IX</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Coelestinus_IV" title="Coelestinus IV">Coelestinus IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_IV" title="Innocentius IV">Innocentius IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_IV_(paavst)" title="Aleksander IV (paavst)">Aleksander IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Urbanus_IV" title="Urbanus IV">Urbanus IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_IV" title="Clemens IV">Clemens IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Interregnum" title="Interregnum">interregnum</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_X" title="Gregorius X">Gregorius X</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_V" title="Innocentius V">Innocentius V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hadrianus_V" title="Hadrianus V">Hadrianus V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XXI" title="Johannes XXI">Johannes XXI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_III" title="Nicolaus III">Nicolaus III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Martinus_IV" title="Martinus IV">Martinus IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Honorius_IV" title="Honorius IV">Honorius IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_IV" title="Nicolaus IV">Nicolaus IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Interregnum" title="Interregnum">interregnum</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Coelestinus_V" title="Coelestinus V">Coelestinus V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bonifatius_VIII" title="Bonifatius VIII">Bonifatius VIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_XI" title="Benedictus XI">Benedictus XI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_V" title="Clemens V">Clemens V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Interregnum" title="Interregnum">interregnum</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XXII" title="Johannes XXII">Johannes XXII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_XII" title="Benedictus XII">Benedictus XII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_VI" title="Clemens VI">Clemens VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_VI" title="Innocentius VI">Innocentius VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Urbanus_V" title="Urbanus V">Urbanus V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_XI" title="Gregorius XI">Gregorius XI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Urbanus_VI" title="Urbanus VI">Urbanus VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bonifatius_IX" title="Bonifatius IX">Bonifatius IX</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_VII" title="Innocentius VII">Innocentius VII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_XII" title="Gregorius XII">Gregorius XII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Interregnum" title="Interregnum">interregnum</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Martinus_V" title="Martinus V">Martinus V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eugenius_IV" title="Eugenius IV">Eugenius IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_V" title="Nicolaus V">Nicolaus V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Calixtus_III" title="Calixtus III">Calixtus III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_II" title="Pius II">Pius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paulus_II" title="Paulus II">Paulus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sixtus_IV" title="Sixtus IV">Sixtus IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_VIII" title="Innocentius VIII">Innocentius VIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_VI" title="Aleksander VI">Aleksander VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_III" title="Pius III">Pius III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Julius_II" title="Julius II">Julius II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_X" title="Leo X">Leo X</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hadrianus_VI" title="Hadrianus VI">Hadrianus VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_VII" title="Clemens VII">Clemens VII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paulus_III" title="Paulus III">Paulus III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Julius_III" title="Julius III">Julius III</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Marcellus_II" title="Marcellus II">Marcellus II</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paulus_IV" title="Paulus IV">Paulus IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_IV" title="Pius IV">Pius IV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_V" title="Pius V">Pius V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_XIII" title="Gregorius XIII">Gregorius XIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sixtus_V" title="Sixtus V">Sixtus V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Urbanus_VII" title="Urbanus VII">Urbanus VII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_XIV" title="Gregorius XIV">Gregorius XIV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_IX" title="Innocentius IX">Innocentius IX</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_VIII" title="Clemens VIII">Clemens VIII</a> </p><p><b>17.–20. sajand:</b> <a href="/wiki/Leo_XI" title="Leo XI">Leo XI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paulus_V" title="Paulus V">Paulus V</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_XV" title="Gregorius XV">Gregorius XV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Urbanus_VIII" title="Urbanus VIII">Urbanus VIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_X" title="Innocentius X">Innocentius X</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_VII" title="Aleksander VII">Aleksander VII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_IX" title="Clemens IX">Clemens IX</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_X" title="Clemens X">Clemens X</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_XI" title="Innocentius XI">Innocentius XI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_VIII" title="Aleksander VIII">Aleksander VIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_XII" title="Innocentius XII">Innocentius XII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_XI" title="Clemens XI">Clemens XI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_XIII" title="Innocentius XIII">Innocentius XIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_XIII_(paavst)" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedictus XIII (paavst)">Benedictus XIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_XII" title="Clemens XII">Clemens XII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_XIV" title="Benedictus XIV">Benedictus XIV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_XIII" title="Clemens XIII">Clemens XIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Clemens_XIV" title="Clemens XIV">Clemens XIV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_VI" title="Pius VI">Pius VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_VII" title="Pius VII">Pius VII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_XII" title="Leo XII">Leo XII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_VIII" title="Pius VIII">Pius VIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_XVI" title="Gregorius XVI">Gregorius XVI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_IX" title="Pius IX">Pius IX</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Leo_XIII" title="Leo XIII">Leo XIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_X" title="Pius X">Pius X</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_XV" title="Benedictus XV">Benedictus XV</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_XI" title="Pius XI">Pius XI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pius_XII" title="Pius XII">Pius XII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_XXIII" title="Johannes XXIII">Johannes XXIII</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paulus_VI" title="Paulus VI">Paulus VI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Paulus_I" title="Johannes Paulus I">Johannes Paulus I</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Paulus_II" title="Johannes Paulus II">Johannes Paulus II</a> </p><p><b>21. sajand:</b> <a href="/wiki/Benedictus_XVI" title="Benedictus XVI">Benedictus XVI</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Franciscus" title="Franciscus">Franciscus</a> </p> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> <div style="display:none"><div class="navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5502657"> <div class="navbox-title"><div style="margin:0 4em;">{{{päis}}}</div></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <p>{{{sisu}}} </p> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pärit leheküljelt "<a dir="ltr" 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