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Periodicals edited by Ayn Rand subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Periodicals_edited_by_Ayn_Rand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Objectivist_Newsletter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Objectivist_Newsletter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span><i>The Objectivist Newsletter</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Objectivist_Newsletter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Objectivist" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Objectivist"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span><i>The Objectivist</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Objectivist-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Ayn_Rand_Letter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Ayn_Rand_Letter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span><i>The Ayn Rand Letter</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Ayn_Rand_Letter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Article_reprints" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Article_reprints"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Article reprints</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Article_reprints-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Objectivist_periodicals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Objectivist_periodicals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Other Objectivist periodicals</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_Objectivist_periodicals-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon 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movement"><img alt="Photo of Ayn Rand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Ayn_Rand_%281943_Talbot_portrait%29.jpg/82px-Ayn_Rand_%281943_Talbot_portrait%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Ayn_Rand_%281943_Talbot_portrait%29.jpg/124px-Ayn_Rand_%281943_Talbot_portrait%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Ayn_Rand_%281943_Talbot_portrait%29.jpg/165px-Ayn_Rand_%281943_Talbot_portrait%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="831" data-file-height="1008" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Ayn Rand</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Philosophy</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Objectivism" title="Objectivism">Objectivism</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rational_egoism" title="Rational egoism">Rational egoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">Individualism</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_realism" title="Romantic realism">Romantic realism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Objectivist_organizations" title="Category:Objectivist organizations">Organizations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand_Institute" title="Ayn Rand Institute">Ayn Rand Institute</a><br /><a href="/wiki/The_Atlas_Society" title="The Atlas Society">The Atlas Society</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Branden_Institute" title="Nathaniel Branden Institute">Nathaniel Branden Institute</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Objectivist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Objectivist Party">Objectivist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianz" title="Libertarianz">Libertarianz</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Objectivism_scholars" title="Category:Objectivism scholars">Theorists</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Ayn Rand</a></li></ul> <p><b>Ayn Rand Institute</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Peikoff" title="Leonard Peikoff">Leonard Peikoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Gotthelf" title="Allan Gotthelf">Allan Gotthelf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Binswanger" title="Harry Binswanger">Harry Binswanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tara_Smith_(philosopher)" title="Tara Smith (philosopher)">Tara Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bernstein_(philosopher)" title="Andrew Bernstein (philosopher)">Andrew Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaron_Brook" title="Yaron Brook">Yaron Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ridpath" title="John Ridpath">John Ridpath</a></li></ul> <p><b>Other</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Kelley" title="David Kelley">David Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Reisman" title="George Reisman">George Reisman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibor_Machan" title="Tibor Machan">Tibor Machan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hicks" title="Stephen Hicks">Stephen Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Branden" title="Nathaniel Branden">Nathaniel Branden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Greenspan" title="Alan Greenspan">Alan Greenspan</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Ayn_Rand_and_Objectivism" title="Bibliography of Ayn Rand and Objectivism">Literature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;;font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Capitalism:_The_Unknown_Ideal" title="Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal">Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/For_the_New_Intellectual" title="For the New Intellectual">For the New Intellectual</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Introduction_to_Objectivist_Epistemology" title="Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology">Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology</a><br /><a href="/wiki/The_New_Left:_The_Anti-Industrial_Revolution" title="The New Left: The Anti-Industrial Revolution">The New Left</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Objectivism:_The_Philosophy_of_Ayn_Rand" title="Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand">Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Philosophy:_Who_Needs_It" title="Philosophy: Who Needs It">Philosophy: Who Needs It</a><br /><a href="/wiki/The_Romantic_Manifesto" title="The Romantic Manifesto">The Romantic Manifesto</a><br /><a href="/wiki/The_Virtue_of_Selfishness" title="The Virtue of Selfishness">The Virtue of Selfishness</a><br /><span class="noitalic"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Objectivist periodicals</a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/The_Journal_of_Ayn_Rand_Studies" title="The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies">The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies</a><br /><a href="/wiki/The_Fountainhead" title="The Fountainhead">The Fountainhead</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Shrugged" title="Atlas Shrugged">Atlas Shrugged</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Objectivism_and_homosexuality" title="Objectivism and homosexuality">Objectivism and homosexuality</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Objectivism_and_libertarianism" title="Objectivism and libertarianism">Objectivism and libertarianism</a><br />Objectivism's rejection of the primitive<br /><a href="/wiki/Randian_hero" title="Randian hero">Randian hero</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="padding-top:0.15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Philosophy" title="Portal:Philosophy">Philosophy portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Objectivist_movement" title="Template:Objectivist movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Objectivist_movement" title="Template talk:Objectivist movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Objectivist_movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Objectivist movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Objectivist periodicals</b> are a variety of <a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">academic journals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magazine" title="Magazine">magazines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Newsletter" title="Newsletter">newsletters</a> with an editorial perspective explicitly based on <a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Ayn Rand</a>'s philosophy of <a href="/wiki/Objectivism" title="Objectivism">Objectivism</a>. Several early Objectivist periodicals were edited by Rand. She later endorsed two periodicals edited by associates, and a number of others have been founded since her death. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Periodicals_edited_by_Ayn_Rand">Periodicals edited by Ayn Rand</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Periodicals edited by Ayn Rand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ayn_Rand_(1957_Phyllis_Cerf_portrait).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photo of Rand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ayn_Rand_%281957_Phyllis_Cerf_portrait%29.jpg/170px-Ayn_Rand_%281957_Phyllis_Cerf_portrait%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ayn_Rand_%281957_Phyllis_Cerf_portrait%29.jpg/255px-Ayn_Rand_%281957_Phyllis_Cerf_portrait%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ayn_Rand_%281957_Phyllis_Cerf_portrait%29.jpg/340px-Ayn_Rand_%281957_Phyllis_Cerf_portrait%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="885" /></a><figcaption>Ayn Rand in 1957</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1961 to 1976, Rand was publisher and editor (sometimes co-editor) for three different periodicals: <i>The Objectivist Newsletter</i>, <i>The Objectivist</i>, and <i>The Ayn Rand Letter</i>. In addition to editing, Rand wrote many articles for these publications. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Objectivist_Newsletter"><i>The Objectivist Newsletter</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The Objectivist Newsletter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first Objectivist periodical was <i>The Objectivist Newsletter</i>, a four-page newsletter that began publishing in January 1962. The newsletter was co-published by <a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Ayn Rand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Branden" title="Nathaniel Branden">Nathaniel Branden</a> and grew out of the previous success of the <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Branden_Institute" title="Nathaniel Branden Institute">Nathaniel Branden Institute</a> (NBI), which Branden had founded in 1958 (originally as Nathaniel Branden Lectures) to promote Objectivism. By late 1961, NBI had accumulated a mailing list of over 10,000 people, which was used to announce the newsletter.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A number of different writers contributed articles to <i>The Objectivist Newsletter</i>, including <a href="/wiki/Martin_Anderson_(economist)" title="Martin Anderson (economist)">Martin Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Branden" title="Barbara Branden">Barbara Branden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edith_Efron" title="Edith Efron">Edith Efron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Greenspan" title="Alan Greenspan">Alan Greenspan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hessen" title="Robert Hessen">Robert Hessen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Peikoff" title="Leonard Peikoff">Leonard Peikoff</a>. However, the majority of the articles were written by either Ayn Rand or Nathaniel Branden. </p><p>In 1965, Rand and Branden decided to change the format of the publication. In October 1965, they announced that <i>The Objectivist Newsletter</i> would become <i>The Objectivist</i>. This was purely a change of name and format, with business operations, including subscriptions, continuing unchanged. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Objectivist"><i>The Objectivist</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Objectivist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 1966, <i>The Objectivist</i> replaced <i>The Objectivist Newsletter</i>, with Rand and Branden continuing as co-editors. The renamed publication used a sixteen-page magazine format in place of the previous newsletter format. The number of subscribers continued to climb, reaching 21,000 by the end of 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contributors during this period included <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economists</a> <a href="/wiki/Alan_Greenspan" title="Alan Greenspan">Alan Greenspan</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Reisman" title="George Reisman">George Reisman</a>, historian <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hessen" title="Robert Hessen">Robert Hessen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neurophysiology" title="Neurophysiology">neurophysiologist</a> Robert Efron, novelists <a href="/wiki/Erika_Holzer" title="Erika Holzer">Erika Holzer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kay_Nolte_Smith" title="Kay Nolte Smith">Kay Nolte Smith</a>, and philosopher <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Peikoff" title="Leonard Peikoff">Leonard Peikoff</a>. </p><p>In August 1968, Rand broke off her relationships with both Nathaniel and Barbara Branden. Nathaniel Branden resigned from <i>The Objectivist</i> and signed over his half of the magazine to her.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Heller373–376_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heller373–376-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the May 1968 issue, which appeared at this time because the magazine was then behind schedule, Rand issued a public statement denouncing the Brandens and disassociating herself from them.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From this point forward, Rand acted as the sole editor for the magazine, bringing in Peikoff as an associate editor. </p><p>In 1971, Rand decided on another format change, going back to a newsletter style publication, in the hope that this would allow her to reach a larger audience.<sup id="cite_ref-Hessen353_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hessen353-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final issue of <i>The Objectivist</i> was published in September 1971. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Ayn_Rand_Letter"><i>The Ayn Rand Letter</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Ayn Rand Letter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 1971, Rand began publishing <i>The Ayn Rand Letter</i>. This new publication was produced in the style of a typewritten letter and was published <a href="/wiki/Fortnightly" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortnightly">fortnightly</a>. Rand's initial hopes for reaching a wider audience with the newsletter format were not fulfilled. The <i>Letter</i> actually lost subscribers compared to <i>The Objectivist</i>, largely because of the <i>Letter'</i>s higher subscription price. The newsletter was usually four or six pages long with a single major article per issue, plus occasional announcements and the continuing "Objectivist Calendar" entries. Rand wrote most of the articles herself, in addition to acting as editor and publisher. Leonard Peikoff served as a contributing editor and wrote the articles for six of the newsletter's eighty-one issues.<sup id="cite_ref-Hessen353_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hessen353-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in 1973, outside circumstances began to cause delays in production. In March 1973, Rand discovered that a sister she believed to have died was in fact still alive and in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. Rand worked hard to arrange a visit to the United States for her sister. When her sister finally arrived, their reunion turned into fighting over political and philosophical differences.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Hessen described it, "This incident, stretching across eight months, took a heavy toll on her writing and publication schedule, which allocated no time for unexpected interruptions." Several issues of the <i>Letter</i> published during this period bore a postscript: "This <i>Letter</i> was written later than the date that appears on its heading."<sup id="cite_ref-Hessen355_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hessen355-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rand attempted to bring the <i>Letter</i> back on schedule, but further delays occurred when she was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Lung_cancer" title="Lung cancer">lung cancer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each issue continued to bear the date when it should have appeared on the original fortnightly schedule, with the "written later" postscript.<sup id="cite_ref-Hessen355_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hessen355-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the middle of 1975, issues were appearing eight months behind schedule, with the issue dated August 26, 1974 actually being written in May 1975. In that issue, Peikoff announced that the <i>Letter</i> would become a monthly publication, rather than fortnightly.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rand was unable to sustain this schedule either, and announced at the end of 1975 that the newsletter would cease publication.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final issue appeared in February 1976. It was the last periodical that Rand edited, although she did serve as an adviser to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Objectivist_Forum" class="mw-redirect" title="The Objectivist Forum">The Objectivist Forum</a></i> when that magazine began in 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Article_reprints">Article reprints</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Article reprints"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The articles from Rand's three periodicals did not appear only in their respective pages. They were frequently reprinted as pamphlets. Initially these were sold by the NBI Book Service, an affiliate of the <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Branden_Institute" title="Nathaniel Branden Institute">Nathaniel Branden Institute</a>. When NBI and its affiliates were closed in 1968, a new Objectivist Book Service began selling the reprints. The Objectivist Book Service later sold reprints from <i>The Ayn Rand Letter</i> until shortly after that publication was discontinued. </p><p>In addition to pamphlets, many articles from these periodicals also appeared in books. Articles from <i>The Objectivist Newsletter</i> by Rand and Nathaniel Branden made up most of the content for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Virtue_of_Selfishness" title="The Virtue of Selfishness">The Virtue of Selfishness</a></i>. Rand's next book, <i><a href="/wiki/Capitalism:_The_Unknown_Ideal" title="Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal">Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal</a></i>, included articles from her and Branden, plus Greenspan and Hessen. Reprints of Rand's articles also appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Romantic_Manifesto" title="The Romantic Manifesto">The Romantic Manifesto</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Left:_The_Anti-Industrial_Revolution" title="The New Left: The Anti-Industrial Revolution">The New Left</a></i> (later revised as <i>Return of the Primitive</i>), <i><a href="/wiki/Philosophy:_Who_Needs_It" title="Philosophy: Who Needs It">Philosophy: Who Needs It</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Voice_of_Reason_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Voice of Reason (book)">The Voice of Reason</a></i>. The content of Rand's <i><a href="/wiki/Introduction_to_Objectivist_Epistemology" title="Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology">Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology</a></i> was serialized in <i>The Objectivist</i>, and the published book also includes an article by Leonard Peikoff reprinted from that same magazine. Peikoff's articles for <i>The Ayn Rand Letter</i> were material later incorporated into his book <i>The Ominous Parallels</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hessen353_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hessen353-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1969, a brief dispute arose between Rand and Nathaniel Branden, over the use of some of his articles from <i>The Objectivist</i>. The copyrights for the articles had been registered in the name of the magazine. When Branden signed over his interest in the company to Rand, he believed they had an understanding that he could re-use the material in his articles for his planned book, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Psychology_of_Self-Esteem" title="The Psychology of Self-Esteem">The Psychology of Self-Esteem</a></i>. Rand threatened to withhold her consent to use the material, but took no action when Branden's publisher decided to go forward anyway.<sup id="cite_ref-Heller373–376_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heller373–376-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All three of the periodicals edited by Rand were later published in hardcover collections by Palo Alto Book Service.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2001, all the articles by Rand and Peikoff were incorporated into the <i>Objectivism Research CD-ROM</i>, a searchable e-book of their writings (which was subsequently discontinued). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_Objectivist_periodicals">Other Objectivist periodicals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other Objectivist periodicals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Intellectual_Activist"><i>The Intellectual Activist</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The Intellectual Activist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Schwartz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photo of Peter Schwartz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Peter_Schwartz.jpg/170px-Peter_Schwartz.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Peter_Schwartz.jpg/255px-Peter_Schwartz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Peter_Schwartz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption><i>Intellectual Activist</i> founder Peter Schwartz</figcaption></figure> <p><i>The Intellectual Activist</i> (TIA) was founded in 1979 by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Schwartz_(writer)" title="Peter Schwartz (writer)">Peter Schwartz</a>. It was subsequently edited by Robert Stubblefield (1991–1996) and then by Robert Tracinski.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1985 onward, TIA was aligned with the <a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand_Institute" title="Ayn Rand Institute">Ayn Rand Institute</a>, but in 2005 Tracinski stopped working for the institute, citing internal disputes about political issues as one of his reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> TIA ceased publishing as a print issue and published only as an online newsletter called <i>TIA Daily</i>. In 2012, Tracinski changed its name to <i>The Tracinski Letter</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Objectivist_Forum"><i>The Objectivist Forum</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: The Objectivist Forum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>The Objectivist Forum</i> was an Objectivist bimonthly journal published from February 1980 through December 1987. </p><p>Rand helped establish it and served as its philosophic consultant until her death in 1982. <a href="/wiki/Harry_Binswanger" title="Harry Binswanger">Harry Binswanger</a> was publisher and editor; Peikoff served as consulting editor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Objective_Standard"><i>The Objective Standard</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: The Objective Standard"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>The Objective Standard</i> is a quarterly <a href="/wiki/Magazine" title="Magazine">journal</a> on culture and politics founded by Craig Biddle and Sidney J. Gunst Jr. in 2006, which describes itself as providing "commentary from an Objectivist perspective."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Biddle serves as editor for <i>The Objective Standard</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several fellows from the Ayn Rand Institute, such as <a href="/wiki/Yaron_Brook" title="Yaron Brook">Yaron Brook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bernstein_(philosopher)" title="Andrew Bernstein (philosopher)">Andrew Bernstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tara_Smith_(philosopher)" title="Tara Smith (philosopher)">Tara Smith</a>, Elan Journo, and <a href="/wiki/Alex_Epstein_(American_writer)" title="Alex Epstein (American writer)">Alex Epstein</a>, have written for the journal.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Undercurrent"><i>The Undercurrent</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: The Undercurrent"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>The Undercurrent</i> was founded in 2005 but has been inactive since 2019. It was available at college campuses and other outlets. It was a student-run, 8-page quarterly that applied the philosophy of Objectivism to current events.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others">Others</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Others"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other Objectivist periodicals include <i>Full Context</i>, <i>Objectivity</i>, and <i>The New Individualist</i>. </p><p>In 1988, Karen Reedstrom (later Minto) began publishing a newsletter for the Objectivist Club of Eastern Michigan. In 1990 the newsletter became <i>Full Context</i>, which billed itself as "An International Objectivist Publication."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The magazine was published until October 2000. Contributors included <a href="/wiki/Chris_Matthew_Sciabarra" title="Chris Matthew Sciabarra">Chris Matthew Sciabarra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tibor_Machan" title="Tibor Machan">Tibor Machan</a>, and the magazine published a number of interviews with people associated with Objectivism, including <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Branden" title="Barbara Branden">Barbara Branden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Branden" title="Nathaniel Branden">Nathaniel Branden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erika_Holzer" title="Erika Holzer">Erika Holzer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/David_Kelley" title="David Kelley">David Kelley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Ayn_Rand_and_Objectivism" title="Bibliography of Ayn Rand and Objectivism">Bibliography of Ayn Rand and Objectivism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Journal_of_Ayn_Rand_Studies" title="The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies">The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies</a></i>, an independent journal that discusses Rand and her ideas.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessen1999">Hessen 1999</a>, p. 350</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessen1999">Hessen 1999</a>, p. 352</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBurns2009">Burns 2009</a>, p. 242</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Heller373–376-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Heller373–376_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heller373–376_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHeller2009">Heller 2009</a>, pp. 373–376</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRand1968">Rand 1968</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hessen353-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hessen353_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hessen353_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hessen353_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessen1999">Hessen 1999</a>, p. 353</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBranden1986">Branden 1986</a>, pp. 372–377; <a href="#CITEREFPaxton1998">Paxton 1998</a>, pp. 172–173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hessen355-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hessen355_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hessen355_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessen1999">Hessen 1999</a>, p. 355</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBranden1986">Branden 1986</a>, pp. 379–385</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPeikoff1974">Peikoff 1974</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRand1975">Rand 1975</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRand1980">Rand 1980</a>, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBranden1986">Branden 1986</a>, p. 355</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPerinn1990">Perinn 1990</a>, p. 65</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSciabarra1995">Sciabarra 1995</a>, p. 385</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tracinski, Robert (January 16, 2007). Letter to the Editor: A Question about Robert Tracinski and ARI. <i>TIA Daily</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tracinskiletter.com/2012/08/tia-daily-now-the-tracinski-letter/">"TIA Daily Is Now The Tracinski Letter"</a>. The Tracinski Letter<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TIA+Daily+Is+Now+The+Tracinski+Letter&rft.pub=The+Tracinski+Letter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tracinskiletter.com%2F2012%2F08%2Ftia-daily-now-the-tracinski-letter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theobjectivestandard.com/about-the-objective-standard/">"About The Objective Standard"</a>. The Objective Standard<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+The+Objective+Standard&rft.pub=The+Objective+Standard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheobjectivestandard.com%2Fabout-the-objective-standard%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://objectivestandard.org/about#staff">"Our Team"</a>. Objective Standard Institute<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+Team&rft.pub=Objective+Standard+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fobjectivestandard.org%2Fabout%23staff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theobjectivestandard.com/issues">"Back & Quarterly Journal: The Objective Standard"</a>. The Objective Standard<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Back+%26+Quarterly+Journal%3A+The+Objective+Standard&rft.pub=The+Objective+Standard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theobjectivestandard.com%2Fissues&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theundercurrent.org/">"The Undercurrent"</a>. <i>The Undercurrent</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Undercurrent&rft.atitle=The+Undercurrent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheundercurrent.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGladstein1999">Gladstein 1999</a>, pp. 95, 148</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fullcontext.info/backissues/_index_back.htm">"Cumulative Back Issues Index"</a>. Full Context<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cumulative+Back+Issues+Index&rft.pub=Full+Context&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fullcontext.info%2Fbackissues%2F_index_back.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBranden1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Branden" title="Barbara Branden">Branden, Barbara</a> (1986). <a href="/wiki/The_Passion_of_Ayn_Rand" title="The Passion of Ayn Rand"><i>The Passion of Ayn Rand</i></a>. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-19171-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-19171-5"><bdi>0-385-19171-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/12614728">12614728</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Passion+of+Ayn+Rand&rft.place=Garden+City%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Doubleday+%26+Company&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F12614728&rft.isbn=0-385-19171-5&rft.aulast=Branden&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurns2009" class="citation book cs1">Burns, Jennifer (2009). <a href="/wiki/Goddess_of_the_Market" title="Goddess of the Market"><i>Goddess of the Market: Ayn Rand and the American Right</i></a>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-532487-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-532487-7"><bdi>978-0-19-532487-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/313665028">313665028</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Goddess+of+the+Market%3A+Ayn+Rand+and+the+American+Right&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F313665028&rft.isbn=978-0-19-532487-7&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGladstein1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mimi_Reisel_Gladstein" title="Mimi Reisel Gladstein">Gladstein, Mimi Reisel</a> (1999). <i>The New Ayn Rand Companion</i>. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-30321-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-30321-5"><bdi>0-313-30321-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40359365">40359365</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Ayn+Rand+Companion&rft.place=Westport%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40359365&rft.isbn=0-313-30321-5&rft.aulast=Gladstein&rft.aufirst=Mimi+Reisel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeller2009" class="citation book cs1">Heller, Anne C. (2009). <a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand_and_the_World_She_Made" title="Ayn Rand and the World She Made"><i>Ayn Rand and the World She Made</i></a>. New York: Doubleday. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-51399-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-51399-9"><bdi>978-0-385-51399-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/229027437">229027437</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ayn+Rand+and+the+World+She+Made&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F229027437&rft.isbn=978-0-385-51399-9&rft.aulast=Heller&rft.aufirst=Anne+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHessen1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hessen" title="Robert Hessen">Hessen, Robert</a> (1999). "<i>Objectivist</i>, 1962–1976". In Lora, Ronald; Henry, William Longton (eds.). <i>The Conservative Press in Twentieth-Century America</i>. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 349–356. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-21390-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-21390-9"><bdi>0-313-21390-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40481045">40481045</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Objectivist%2C+1962%E2%80%931976&rft.btitle=The+Conservative+Press+in+Twentieth-Century+America&rft.place=Westport%2C+Connecticut&rft.pages=349-356&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40481045&rft.isbn=0-313-21390-9&rft.aulast=Hessen&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaxton1998" class="citation book cs1">Paxton, Michael (1998). <a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand:_A_Sense_of_Life" title="Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life"><i>Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life (The Companion Book)</i></a>. Layton, Utah: Gibbs Smith. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87905-845-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-87905-845-5"><bdi>0-87905-845-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/38048196">38048196</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ayn+Rand%3A+A+Sense+of+Life+%28The+Companion+Book%29&rft.place=Layton%2C+Utah&rft.pub=Gibbs+Smith&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F38048196&rft.isbn=0-87905-845-5&rft.aulast=Paxton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeikoff1974" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Peikoff" title="Leonard Peikoff">Peikoff, Leonard</a> (August 26, 1974). "(untitled announcement)". <i>The Ayn Rand Letter</i>. <b>3</b> (24).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ayn+Rand+Letter&rft.atitle=%28untitled+announcement%29&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=24&rft.date=1974-08-26&rft.aulast=Peikoff&rft.aufirst=Leonard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerinn1990" class="citation book cs1">Perinn, Vincent L. (1990). <i>Ayn Rand: First Descriptive Bibliography</i>. Rockville, Maryland: Quill & Brush. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9610494-8-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-9610494-8-0"><bdi>0-9610494-8-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/23216055">23216055</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ayn+Rand%3A+First+Descriptive+Bibliography&rft.place=Rockville%2C+Maryland&rft.pub=Quill+%26+Brush&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F23216055&rft.isbn=0-9610494-8-0&rft.aulast=Perinn&rft.aufirst=Vincent+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRand1968" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Rand, Ayn</a> (May 1968). "To Whom It May Concern". <i>The Objectivist</i>. <b>7</b> (5): 449–456.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Objectivist&rft.atitle=To+Whom+It+May+Concern&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=449-456&rft.date=1968-05&rft.aulast=Rand&rft.aufirst=Ayn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRand1975" class="citation journal cs1">Rand, Ayn (November–December 1975). "A Last Survey: Part I". <i>The Ayn Rand Letter</i>. <b>4</b> (2).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ayn+Rand+Letter&rft.atitle=A+Last+Survey%3A+Part+I&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.date=1975-11%2F1975-12&rft.aulast=Rand&rft.aufirst=Ayn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRand1980" class="citation journal cs1">Rand, Ayn (February 1980). "To the Readers of The Objectivist Forum". <i>The Objectivist Forum</i>. <b>1</b> (1).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Objectivist+Forum&rft.atitle=To+the+Readers+of+The+Objectivist+Forum&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.date=1980-02&rft.aulast=Rand&rft.aufirst=Ayn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSciabarra1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Matthew_Sciabarra" title="Chris Matthew Sciabarra">Sciabarra, Chris Matthew</a> (1995). <a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand:_The_Russian_Radical" title="Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical"><i>Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical</i></a>. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-271-01440-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-271-01440-1"><bdi>978-0-271-01440-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ayn+Rand%3A+The+Russian+Radical&rft.place=University+Park%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-271-01440-1&rft.aulast=Sciabarra&rft.aufirst=Chris+Matthew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AObjectivist+periodicals" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.intellectualactivist.com/">The Intellectual Activist</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theobjectivestandard.com/">The Objective Standard</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hblist.com/tof/">The Objectivist Forum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hblist.com/toforder.htm">Hardback collection of The Objectivist Forum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.objectivity-archive.com/">Objectivity</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output 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class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ayn_Rand" title="Template:Ayn Rand"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ayn_Rand" title="Template talk:Ayn Rand"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ayn_Rand" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ayn Rand"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ayn_Rand" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Ayn Rand</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Ayn_Rand_and_Objectivism" title="Bibliography of Ayn Rand and Objectivism">Bibliography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/We_the_Living" title="We the Living">We the Living</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anthem_(novella)" title="Anthem (novella)">Anthem</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fountainhead" title="The Fountainhead">The Fountainhead</a></i> (1943)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Shrugged" title="Atlas Shrugged">Atlas Shrugged</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ideal_(novel)" title="Ideal (novel)">Ideal</a></i> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nonfiction books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/For_the_New_Intellectual" title="For the New Intellectual">For the New Intellectual</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Introduction_to_Objectivist_Epistemology" title="Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology">Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Art_of_Fiction:_A_Guide_for_Writers_and_Readers" title="The Art of Fiction: A Guide for Writers and Readers">The Art of Fiction</a></i> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Collected essays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Virtue_of_Selfishness" title="The Virtue of Selfishness">The Virtue of Selfishness</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Capitalism:_The_Unknown_Ideal" title="Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal">Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Romantic_Manifesto" title="The Romantic Manifesto">The Romantic Manifesto</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Left:_The_Anti-Industrial_Revolution" title="The New Left: The Anti-Industrial Revolution">The New Left: The Anti-Industrial Revolution</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philosophy:_Who_Needs_It" title="Philosophy: Who Needs It">Philosophy: Who Needs It</a></i> (1982)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Screenplays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Pawn" title="Red Pawn">Red Pawn</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love_Letters_(1945_film)" title="Love Letters (1945 film)">Love Letters</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/You_Came_Along" title="You Came Along">You Came Along</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fountainhead_(film)" title="The Fountainhead (film)"><i>The Fountainhead</i></a> (1949)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_of_January_16th" title="Night of January 16th">Night of January 16th</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ideal_(play)" title="Ideal (play)">Ideal</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Unconquered_(1940_play)" title="The Unconquered (1940 play)">The Unconquered</a></i> (1940)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Early_Ayn_Rand" title="The Early Ayn Rand">The Early Ayn Rand</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Letters_of_Ayn_Rand" title="Letters of Ayn Rand">Letters of Ayn Rand</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Journals_of_Ayn_Rand" title="Journals of Ayn Rand">Journals of Ayn Rand</a></i> (1997)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_5-3000" title="Liberty 5-3000">Liberty 5-3000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlas_Shrugged_characters" title="List of Atlas Shrugged characters">List of <i>Atlas Shrugged</i> characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Galt" title="John Galt">John Galt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Screen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Night_of_January_16th_(film)" title="The Night of January 16th (film)"><i>The Night of January 16th</i></a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/We_the_Living_(film)" title="We the Living (film)"><i>We the Living</i></a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fountainhead_(film)" title="The Fountainhead (film)"><i>The Fountainhead</i></a> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gawaahi" title="Gawaahi">Gawaahi</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Shrugged_(film_series)" title="Atlas Shrugged (film series)"><i>Atlas Shrugged</i> (film series)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Shrugged:_Part_I" title="Atlas Shrugged: Part I"><i>Part I</i></a> (2011), <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Shrugged:_Part_II" title="Atlas Shrugged: Part II"><i>Part II</i></a> (2012), <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Shrugged_Part_III:_Who_Is_John_Galt%3F" title="Atlas Shrugged Part III: Who Is John Galt?"><i>Part III</i></a> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Unconquered_(1940_play)" title="The Unconquered (1940 play)">The Unconquered</a></i> (1940)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fountainhead_(play)" title="The Fountainhead (play)">The Fountainhead</a></i> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philosophy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Objectivism" title="Objectivism">Objectivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectivism_and_libertarianism" title="Objectivism and libertarianism">Objectivism and libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectivism_and_homosexuality" title="Objectivism and homosexuality">Objectivism and homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randian_hero" title="Randian hero">Randian hero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Influence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Journal_of_Ayn_Rand_Studies" title="The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies">The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectivist_movement" title="Objectivist movement">Objectivist movement</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Objectivist periodicals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Depictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand_and_the_World_She_Made" title="Ayn Rand and the World She Made">Ayn Rand and the World She Made</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand:_A_Sense_of_Life" title="Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life">Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand:_The_Russian_Radical" title="Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical">Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ayn_Rand_Cult" title="The Ayn Rand Cult">The Ayn Rand Cult</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Goddess_of_the_Market" title="Goddess of the Market">Goddess of the Market</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgment_Day:_My_Years_with_Ayn_Rand" title="Judgment Day: My Years with Ayn Rand"><i>Judgment Day</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Passion_of_Ayn_Rand" title="The Passion of Ayn Rand">The Passion of Ayn Rand</a></i> (book)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Passion_of_Ayn_Rand_(film)" title="The Passion of Ayn Rand (film)"><i>The Passion of Ayn Rand</i></a> (film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Who_Is_Ayn_Rand%3F" title="Who Is Ayn Rand?">Who Is Ayn Rand?</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&oldid=1225646700">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Objectivist_periodicals&oldid=1225646700</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a 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