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autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Navigation utilisateur"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">National Center for Biotechnology Information</span></h1> <div class="tagline"> institut de recherche de la bibliothèque médicale nationale des États-Unis chargé de la gestion des ses bases de données de biotechnologie </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Langue" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Langue</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=National+Center+for+Biotechnology+Information&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button 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mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p>Le <i><b><span class="lang-en" lang="en">National Center for Biotechnology Information</span></b></i> (<b>NCBI</b>, littéralement en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Français">français</a> : <span class="lang-fr" lang="fr">« Centre américain pour les informations biotechnologiques »</span>) est un institut national américain pour l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biologie_mol%C3%A9culaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biologie moléculaire">information biologique moléculaire</a>.</p> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive large"> <div class="entete icon universite" style="background-color:#8089b7;color:#FFF"> <div> National Center for Biotechnology Information <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r160407116">.mw-parser-output .entete.universite{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/Picto_infobox_book.png")}</style> </div> </div> <div> <div class="images" style="padding:2px 0"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fichier:US-NLM-NCBI-Logo.svg&lang=fr&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/US-NLM-NCBI-Logo.svg/langfr-130px-US-NLM-NCBI-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/US-NLM-NCBI-Logo.svg/langfr-195px-US-NLM-NCBI-Logo.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/US-NLM-NCBI-Logo.svg/langfr-260px-US-NLM-NCBI-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="583" data-file-height="720"></a></span> </div> <div class="legend"> Le logo du NCBI évoque la double spirale de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acide_d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9ique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Acide désoxyribonucléique">ADN</a>. </div> </div> <div> <div class="images" style="padding:2px 0"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Lister_Hill_Center_at_the_NIH_campus,_October_9,_2008.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Lister_Hill_Center_at_the_NIH_campus%2C_October_9%2C_2008.jpg/260px-Lister_Hill_Center_at_the_NIH_campus%2C_October_9%2C_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="390" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Lister_Hill_Center_at_the_NIH_campus%252C_October_9%252C_2008.jpg/390px-Lister_Hill_Center_at_the_NIH_campus%252C_October_9%252C_2008.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Lister_Hill_Center_at_the_NIH_campus%252C_October_9%252C_2008.jpg/520px-Lister_Hill_Center_at_the_NIH_campus%252C_October_9%252C_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888"></a></span> </div> </div> <table> <caption style="color:#FFF;text-align:center;background-color:#8089b7"> Histoire </caption> <tbody> <tr class=""> <th scope="row">Fondation</th> <td class=""> <div><span class="wd_p571"><time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1988-11-04" data-sort-value="1988-11-04"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/4_novembre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="4 novembre">4</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Novembre_1988?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Novembre 1988">novembre</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1988?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1988">1988</a></time><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494?uselang%3Dfr%23P571" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></span></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="color:#FFF;text-align:center;background-color:#8089b7"> Cadre </caption> <tbody> <tr class=""> <th scope="row">Sigle</th> <td class=""> <div><span class="wd_p1813"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <span class="lang-en" lang="en">NCBI</span><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494?uselang%3Dfr%23P1813" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></span></span> </div></td> </tr> <tr class=""> <th scope="row">Type</th> <td class=""> <div><span class="wd_p31"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Institut_de_recherche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Institut de recherche">Institut de recherche</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_num%C3%A9rique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque numérique">bibliothèque de données</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494?uselang%3Dfr%23P31" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></span></span> </div></td> </tr> <tr class=""> <th scope="row">Siège</th> <td class=""> <div><span class="wd_p159"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bethesda_(Maryland)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bethesda (Maryland)">Bethesda</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494?uselang%3Dfr%23P159" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></span></span> </div></td> </tr> <tr class=""> <th scope="row">Pays</th> <td class=""> <div><span class="wd_p17"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494?uselang%3Dfr%23P17" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></span></span> </div></td> </tr> <tr class=""> <th scope="row">Coordonnées</th> <td class=""> <div><span class="wd_p625"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/13/38.995833333333/-77.098888888889/fr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-zoom="13" data-lat="38.995833333333" data-lon="-77.098888888889" data-overlays="["_4e7ff5c1bca6ea4dcb8d78292c8d147d5dd04dd3"]">38° 59′ 45″ N, 77° 05′ 56″ O</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494?uselang%3Dfr%23P625" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></span></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="color:#FFF;text-align:center;background-color:#8089b7"> Organisation </caption> <tbody> <tr class=""> <th scope="row">Organisation mère</th> <td class=""> <div><span class="wd_p749"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_National_Library_of_Medicine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States National Library of Medicine">United States National Library of Medicine</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494?uselang%3Dfr%23P749" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></span></span> </div></td> </tr> <tr class=""> <th scope="row">Site web</th> <td class=""> <div><span class="wd_p856"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/">www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494?uselang%3Dfr%23P856" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></span></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="img_toggle"> <a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;" 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srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/13?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB,https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/38.995833333333?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB,https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/-77.098888888889?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB,https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/280x280@2x.png?lang=fr&domain=fr.wikipedia.org&title=National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information&revid=214331152&groups=_4c60b915d8de9d7ae6a9954993232eb92f8b819a&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB 2x" alt="Carte"></a><span></span> </div> <p class="navbar noprint bordered navigation-not-searchable" style="border-top:1px solid #8089b7"><span class="plainlinks" style="text-align:left"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DNational_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information%26veaction%3Dedit%26section%3D0">modifier</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DNational_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D0">modifier le code</a> - <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494" class="extiw" title="d:Q82494">modifier Wikidata</a></span><span style="text-align:right"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Organisation2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Documentation du modèle"><img alt="Documentation du modèle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></span></p> </div> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Historique"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Historique</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Missions"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Missions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes_et_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Notes et références</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Voir_aussi"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Voir aussi</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Articles_connexes"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Articles connexes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Historique">Historique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Historique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Cet organisme, fondé en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1988?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1988">1988</a> et situé à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bethesda_(Maryland)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bethesda (Maryland)">Bethesda</a> dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maryland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, fait partie de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_National_Library_of_Medicine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States National Library of Medicine">Bibliothèque américaine de médecine</a>, un des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Institutes of Health">Instituts américains de la santé</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Missions">Missions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Missions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Le NCBI conduit des recherches dans la biologie informatique, développe des logiciels pour analyser des données de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%A9nome?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Génome">génome</a> et fournir des informations biomédicales.</p> <p>Le NCBI n'est pas une base de données, mais il développe aussi des bases de données publiques telles que :</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GenBank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=DbSNP&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="DbSNP (page inexistante)">dbSNP</a> ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=RefSeq&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="RefSeq (page inexistante)">RefSeq</a> ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PubMed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>.</li> </ul> <p>Il est en quelque sorte le pendant américain de l’<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Institut_europ%C3%A9en_de_bio-informatique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Institut européen de bio-informatique">Institut européen de bio-informatique</a> (EBI).</p> <p>Le NCBI propose et contient une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Base_de_donn%C3%A9es?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Base de données">base de données</a> <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">NCBI taxonomy</span></i> qui n'est qu'indicative. Le site internet du NCBI précise que cette base n'est pas une source fiable pour la nomenclature ou de classification, et qu'il faut consulter la littérature scientifique pertinente pour les informations les plus fiables<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taxonomie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Taxonomie">taxonomie</a> du NCBI représente environ 10 % des espèces vivantes de la planète. Cette taxonomie est une classification curée et se propose comme une nomenclature organisée pour les séquences d'organismes dans des bases de données publiques<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Le TaxID (identifiant unique dans la taxonomie du NCBI) sert de lien entre les trois bases de données du <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration</span></i> (INSDC, en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Français">français</a> : <span class="lang-fr" lang="fr">« Collaboration internationale en bases de données de séquences nucléotidiques »</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> dont sont membres la <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=DNA_Data_Bank_of_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="DNA Data Bank of Japan (page inexistante)">DNA Data Bank of Japan</a></i> (DDBJ), le NCBI (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a>) et l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Institut_europ%C3%A9en_de_bio-informatique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Institut européen de bio-informatique">Institut européen de bio-informatique</a> (EMBL-EBI, Europe)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <span class="citation not_fr_quote" lang="en">« <span class="italique">Disclaimer: The NCBI taxonomy database is not an authoritative source for nomenclature or classification - please consult the relevant scientific literature for the most reliable information.</span> »</span> (Voir bas de page sur cet <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id%3D137">exemple de recherche</a>.)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Home - Taxonomy</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-08-30" data-sort-value="2017-08-30">30 août 2017</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="FederhenClarkBarrettParkinson2014"><span class="ouvrage" id="Scott_FederhenKaren_ClarkTanya_BarrettHelen_Parkinson2014"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Scott <span class="nom_auteur">Federhen</span>, Karen <span class="nom_auteur">Clark</span>, Tanya <span class="nom_auteur">Barrett</span> et Helen <span class="nom_auteur">Parkinson</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Toward richer metadata for microbial sequences: replacing strain-level NCBI taxonomy taxids with BioProject, BioSample and Assembly records</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Standards in Genomic Sciences</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 9, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 3,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-06-15" data-sort-value="2014-06-15">15 juin 2014</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 1275 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1944-3277">1944-3277</a></span>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.4056/sigs.4851102">10.4056/sigs.4851102</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://standardsingenomics.org/content/9/3/1275/">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-08-30" data-sort-value="2017-08-30">30 août 2017</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Toward+richer+metadata+for+microbial+sequences%3A+replacing+strain-level+NCBI+taxonomy+taxids+with+BioProject%2C+BioSample+and+Assembly+records&rft.jtitle=Standards+in+Genomic+Sciences&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Federhen&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.au=Clark%2C+Karen&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Tanya&rft.au=Parkinson%2C+Helen&rft.date=2014-06-15&rft.volume=9&rft.pages=1275&rft.issn=1944-3277&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4056%2Fsigs.4851102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Center+for+Biotechnology+Information"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.insdc.org"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">insdc.org</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-08-30" data-sort-value="2017-08-30">30 août 2017</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Entrez?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Entrez">Entrez</a>, le système global de recherches inter-bases de données du NCBI.</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/BLAST?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="BLAST">BLAST</a>, un logiciel du NCBI, permettant la comparaison de séquences de nucléotides et de protéines.</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Mod%C3%A8le:NCBI?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Pages liées/Modèle:NCBI">La liste des pages Wikipédia décrivant un taxon utilisant une référence au NCBI</a>.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <ul> <li><cite class="ouvrage" id="site_officiel" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="wd_p856"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/">Site officiel</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494?uselang%3Dfr%23P856" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span></cite></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la recherche<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.researchgate.net/institution/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">ResearchGate</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li> <div class="liste-horizontale"> <span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82494?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/">Sa base de données taxonomique</a></li> </ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Biologie_cellulaire_et_mol%C3%A9culaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de la biologie cellulaire et moléculaire"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Red2.jpg/27px-Red2.jpg" decoding="async" width="27" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="184" data-file-height="166"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 24px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Red2.jpg/27px-Red2.jpg" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="27" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Red2.jpg/40px-Red2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Red2.jpg/53px-Red2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Biologie_cellulaire_et_mol%C3%A9culaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Biologie cellulaire et moléculaire">Portail de la biologie cellulaire et moléculaire</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Maryland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail du Maryland"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 33px;height: 22px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="33" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/50px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/66px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Maryland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Maryland">Portail du Maryland</a></span> </span></li> </ul>   </section> 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minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="194.250.218.153" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1713357813"> <span>Dernière modification le 17 avril 2024, à 13:43</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Langues</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25D9%2583%25D8%25B2_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D8%25B7%25D9%2586%25D9%258A_%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AA%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AD%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9" title="المركز الوطني لمعلومات التقانة الحيوية – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المركز الوطني لمعلومات التقانة الحيوية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25D9%2583%25D8%25B2_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D8%25B7%25D9%2586%25D9%2589_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D9%2583%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%2589_%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AA%25D9%2583%25D9%2586%25D9%2588%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D8%25AC%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AD%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D9%2587" title="المركز الوطنى الامريكانى لمعلومات التكنولوجيا الحيويه – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المركز الوطنى الامريكانى لمعلومات التكنولوجيا الحيويه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centru_Nacional_pa_la_Informaci%25C3%25B3n_Bioteunol%25C3%25B3xica" title="Centru Nacional pa la Información Bioteunolóxica – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Centru Nacional pa la Información Bioteunolóxica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milli_Biotexnoloji_M%25C9%2599lumat_M%25C9%2599rk%25C9%2599zi" title="Milli Biotexnoloji Məlumat Mərkəzi – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Milli Biotexnoloji Məlumat Mərkəzi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D1%258F%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B_%25D1%2586%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B1%25D1%2596%25D1%258F%25D1%2582%25D1%258D%25D1%2585%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B3%25D1%2596%25D1%2587%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9_%25D1%2596%25D0%25BD%25D1%2584%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D1%2596_%25D0%2597%25D0%25A8%25D0%2590" title="Нацыянальны цэнтр біятэхналагічнай інфармацыі ЗША – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нацыянальны цэнтр біятэхналагічнай інфармацыі ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D1%258F%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B_%25D1%2586%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B1%25D1%2596%25D1%258F%25D1%2582%25D1%258D%25D1%2585%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%258F%25D0%25B3%25D1%2596%25D1%2587%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9_%25D1%2596%25D0%25BD%25D1%2584%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D1%2596_%25D0%2597%25D0%25A8%25D0%2590" title="Нацыянальны цэнтар біятэхналягічнай інфармацыі ЗША – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нацыянальны цэнтар біятэхналягічнай інфармацыі ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2586%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582%25D1%258A%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2584%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25A1%25D0%2590%25D0%25A9" title="Национален център за биотехнологична информация на САЩ – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Национален център за биотехнологична информация на САЩ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalni_centar_za_biotehnolo%25C5%25A1ke_informacije" title="Nacionalni centar za biotehnološke informacije – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nacionalni centar za biotehnološke informacije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centro_Nacional_para_la_Informaci%25C3%25B3n_Biotecnol%25C3%25B3gica" title="Centro Nacional para la Información Biotecnológica – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Centro Nacional para la Información Biotecnológica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riiklik_Biotehnoloogia_Infokeskus" title="Riiklik Biotehnoloogia Infokeskus – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Riiklik Biotehnoloogia Infokeskus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25DA%25A9%25D8%25B2_%25D9%2585%25D9%2584%25DB%258C_%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA_%25D8%25B2%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25E2%2580%258C%25D9%2581%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C" title="مرکز ملی اطلاعات زیست‌فناوری – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مرکز ملی اطلاعات زیست‌فناوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2594%25D7%259E%25D7%25A8%25D7%259B%25D7%2596_%25D7%2594%25D7%259C%25D7%2590%25D7%2595%25D7%259E%25D7%2599_%25D7%259C%25D7%259E%25D7%2599%25D7%2593%25D7%25A2_%25D7%2591%25D7%2599%25D7%2595%25D7%2598%25D7%259B%25D7%25A0%25D7%2595%25D7%259C%25D7%2595%25D7%2592%25D7%2599" title="המרכז הלאומי למידע ביוטכנולוגי – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המרכז הלאומי למידע ביוטכנולוגי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalni_centar_za_biotehnolo%25C5%25A1ke_informacije" title="Nacionalni centar za biotehnološke informacije – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nacionalni centar za biotehnološke informacije" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotechnol%25C3%25B3giai_Inform%25C3%25A1ci%25C3%25B3k_Nemzeti_K%25C3%25B6zpontja" title="Biotechnológiai Információk Nemzeti Központja – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Biotechnológiai Információk Nemzeti Központja" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B1%25D5%2584%25D5%2586-%25D5%25AB_%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A5%25D5%25B6%25D5%25BD%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BF%25D5%25A5%25D5%25AD%25D5%25B6%25D5%25B8%25D5%25AC%25D5%25B8%25D5%25A3%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6_%25D5%25AB%25D5%25B6%25D6%2586%25D5%25B8%25D6%2580%25D5%25B4%25D5%25A1%25D6%2581%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B5%25D5%25AB_%25D5%25A1%25D5%25A6%25D5%25A3%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B5%25D5%25AB%25D5%25B6_%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A5%25D5%25B6%25D5%25BF%25D6%2580%25D5%25B8%25D5%25B6" title="ԱՄՆ-ի կենսատեխնոլոգիական ինֆորմացիայի ազգային կենտրոն – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="ԱՄՆ-ի կենսատեխնոլոգիական ինֆորմացիայի ազգային կենտրոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusat_Nasional_Informasi_Bioteknologi" title="Pusat Nasional Informasi Bioteknologi – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pusat Nasional Informasi Bioteknologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D1%258A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B5_%25D1%2585%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD_%25D1%258E%25D0%25BA%25D1%258A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2587%25D0%25B5" title="Къаман биотехнологе хоаман юкъарче – ingouche" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Къаман биотехнологе хоаман юкъарче" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingouche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2582%25A2%25E3%2583%25A1%25E3%2583%25AA%25E3%2582%25AB%25E5%259B%25BD%25E7%25AB%258B%25E7%2594%259F%25E7%2589%25A9%25E5%25B7%25A5%25E5%25AD%25A6%25E6%2583%2585%25E5%25A0%25B1%25E3%2582%25BB%25E3%2583%25B3%25E3%2582%25BF%25E3%2583%25BC" title="アメリカ国立生物工学情報センター – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ国立生物工学情報センター" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A5%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2592%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598_%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%25A4%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A1_%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2598_%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598" title="ბიოტექნოლოგიური ინფორმაციის ეროვნული ცენტრი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბიოტექნოლოგიური ინფორმაციის ეროვნული ცენტრი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammas_a%25C9%25A3elnaw_i_yisalan_n_teknudert" title="Ammas aɣelnaw i yisalan n teknudert – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ammas aɣelnaw i yisalan n teknudert" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D1%258A%25D1%258D%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BA%25D1%258A%25D1%258D%25D0%25B3%25D1%258A%25D1%2583_%25D1%2586%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B8%25D1%258D_%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2584%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258D%25D0%25BA%25D3%2580%25D1%258D" title="Лъэпкъэгъу центр биотехнологиэ информациэкӀэ – kabarde" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Лъэпкъэгъу центр биотехнологиэ информациэкӀэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25AF%25B8%25EA%25B5%25AD_%25EA%25B5%25AD%25EB%25A6%25BD%25EC%2583%259D%25EB%25AC%25BC%25EA%25B3%25B5%25ED%2595%2599%25EC%25A0%2595%25EB%25B3%25B4%25EC%2584%25BC%25ED%2584%25B0" title="미국 국립생물공학정보센터 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 국립생물공학정보센터" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2586%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D1%2588%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2584%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B8" title="Национален центар за биотехнолошки информации – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Национален центар за биотехнолошки информации" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%25A8%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%25B7%25E0%25B4%25A3%25E0%25B5%25BD_%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B5%2586%25E0%25B4%25A8%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B5%25BC_%25E0%25B4%25AB%25E0%25B5%258B%25E0%25B5%25BC_%25E0%25B4%25AC%25E0%25B4%25AF%25E0%25B5%258B%25E0%25B4%259F%25E0%25B5%2586%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258D%25E2%2580%258C%25E0%25B4%25A8%25E0%25B5%258B%25E0%25B4%25B3%25E0%25B4%259C%25E0%25B4%25BF_%25E0%25B4%2587%25E0%25B5%25BB%25E0%25B4%25AB%25E0%25B5%25BC%25E0%25B4%25AE%25E0%25B5%2587%25E0%25B4%25B7%25E0%25B5%25BB" title="നാഷണൽ സെന്റർ ഫോർ ബയോടെക്‌നോളജി ഇൻഫർമേഷൻ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നാഷണൽ സെന്റർ ഫോർ ബയോടെക്‌നോളജി ഇൻഫർമേഷൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusat_Maklumat_Bioteknologi_Kebangsaan" title="Pusat Maklumat Bioteknologi Kebangsaan – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pusat Maklumat Bioteknologi Kebangsaan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%25AC%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%2587%25E0%25A8%2593%25E0%25A8%259F%25E0%25A9%2588%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A9%258C%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A9%2580_%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25A3%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A9%2580_%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A8%2588_%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A9%2588%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A8%25B2_%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A9%2588%25E0%25A8%2582%25E0%25A8%259F%25E0%25A8%25B0" title="ਬਾਇਓਟੈਕਨਾਲੌਜੀ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਲਈ ਨੈਸ਼ਨਲ ਸੈਂਟਰ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਾਇਓਟੈਕਨਾਲੌਜੀ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਲਈ ਨੈਸ਼ਨਲ ਸੈਂਟਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B%25D0%25B9_%25D1%2586%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582%25D1%2580_%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2584%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B8" title="Национальный центр биотехнологической информации – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Национальный центр биотехнологической информации" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalni_centar_za_biotehnolo%25C5%25A1ke_informacije" title="Nacionalni centar za biotehnološke informacije – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nacionalni centar za biotehnološke informacije" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="National Center for Biotechnology Information" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalni_center_za_biotehnolo%25C5%25A1ke_informacije" title="Nacionalni center za biotehnološke informacije – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nacionalni center za biotehnološke informacije" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" 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