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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Poetry</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Poetry-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Poetry subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Poetry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Authenticity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Authenticity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Authenticity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authenticity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philosophy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philosophy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Philosophy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philosophy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence_of_Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence_of_Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Influence of Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence_of_Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persecution_and_social_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persecution_and_social_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Persecution and social impact</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persecution_and_social_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kabir,_Guru_Nanak_and_the_Guru_Granth_Sahib" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kabir,_Guru_Nanak_and_the_Guru_Granth_Sahib"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Kabir, Guru Nanak and the Guru Granth Sahib</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kabir,_Guru_Nanak_and_the_Guru_Granth_Sahib-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kabir</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 63 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="كابير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كابير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B0" title="কবীৰ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কবীৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0" title="কবীর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কবীর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%99%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Кәбир – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кәбир" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0" title="कबीर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कबीर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AF%CF%81" title="Καμπίρ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καμπίρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1_(%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%81%DB%8C)" title="کبیر (صوفی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کبیر (صوفی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kab%C3%AEr" title="Kabîr – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kabîr" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A4_%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B0" title="સંત કબીર – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સંત કબીર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0" title="कबीर – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="कबीर" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%A5%B4" title="카비르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카비르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%AB%D6%80" title="Քաբիր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քաբիր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0" title="कबीर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कबीर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0" title="কবীর – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="কবীর" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kab%C4%ABr" title="Kabīr – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kabīr" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕಬೀರ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಬೀರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabyras" title="Kabyras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kabyras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kab%C3%ADr" title="Kabír – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kabír" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kab%C3%AEr" title="Kabîr – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kabîr" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="കബീർ ദാസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കബീർ ദാസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0" title="कबीर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कबीर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="كبير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كبير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="کابر – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کابر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir_(dichter)" title="Kabir (dichter) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kabir (dichter)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0" title="कबीर – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कबीर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="カビール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カビール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktaren_Kabir" title="Diktaren Kabir – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Diktaren Kabir" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%B0" title="କବୀର – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କବୀର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕਬੀਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਬੀਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%DA%AF%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="بھگت کبیر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بھگت کبیر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Кабир – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кабир" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%83" title="कबीरदासः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कबीरदासः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="کبیر – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="کبیر" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="ڪبير – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪبير" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%95%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="کەبیر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کەبیر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Кабир – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кабир" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="கபீர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கபீர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%81" title="కబీరుదాసు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కబీరుదాసు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%80" title="Кабір – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кабір" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="کبیر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کبیر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kabir" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94" title="迦比尔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="迦比尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%AF%94%E7%88%BE" title="卡比爾 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="卡比爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94" title="迦比尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="迦比尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q312551#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Kabir_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kabir (disambiguation)">Kabir (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sant_(religion)" title="Sant (religion)">Sant</a></div><div class="fn">Kabir</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kabir004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Kabir004.jpg/196px-Kabir004.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Kabir004.jpg/294px-Kabir004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Kabir004.jpg/392px-Kabir004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="402" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Painting of Kabir weaving, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1825</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1398 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Machwe_1968_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Machwe_1968-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 13–14">: 13–14 </span></sup><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Banaras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaunpur_Sultanate" title="Jaunpur Sultanate">Jaunpur Sultanate</a> (present-day <a href="/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1518 CE (aged approx. 120 years)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Maghar,_India" title="Maghar, India">Maghar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate" title="Delhi Sultanate">Delhi Sultanate</a> (present-day Uttar Pradesh, India)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Kabir_panth" title="Kabir panth">Kabir panth</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Era</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_movement" title="Bhakti movement">Bhakti movement</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Notable students</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharamdas" title="Dharamdas">Dharamdas</a></li><li>Bhagodas</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sadhukkadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadhukkadi">Sadhukkadi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bhojpuri_language" title="Bhojpuri language">Bhojpuri</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main interests</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">Mysticism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Theism" title="Theism">theism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">syncretism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">poetry</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Hinduism" title="Category:Hinduism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding:0.2em;background:#FFC569;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/90px-1_Om.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/135px-1_Om.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/180px-1_Om.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above hlist" style="padding-bottom:0.35em; border:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Mythology</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hinduism" title="History of Hinduism">Origins</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"><b>Historical</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hinduism" title="History of Hinduism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion of the Indus Valley Civilization">Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic Hinduism">Vedic Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_folk_religion" title="Dravidian folk religion">Dravidian folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arama%E1%B9%87a" title="Śramaṇa">Śramaṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_religions_in_India" title="Tribal religions in India">Tribal religions in India</a></li></ul> <p><b>Traditional</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasa-Purana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic-Puranic_royal_genealogies" title="Epic-Puranic royal genealogies">Epic-Puranic royal genealogies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic-Puranic_chronology" title="Epic-Puranic chronology">Epic-Puranic chronology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">Sampradaya (Traditions)</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Major Sampradaya (Traditions)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapalika" title="Kapalika">Kapalika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashupata_Shaivism" title="Pashupata Shaivism">Pashupata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratyabhijna" title="Pratyabhijna">Pratyabhijña</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaktism" title="Shaktism">Shaktism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarta_tradition" title="Smarta tradition">Smartism</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><i><a href="/wiki/Hindu_denominations" title="Hindu denominations">Other Sampradaya (Traditions)</a></i></div></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Deities</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Absolute Reality / Unifying Force</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other major <a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devis</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Vedic Deities:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridasha" class="mw-redirect" title="Tridasha">Tridasha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adityas" title="Adityas">Adityas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudras" title="Rudras">Rudras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasus" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasus">Vasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashvins" title="Ashvins">Ashvins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadevi" title="Mahadevi">Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigvedic_deities" title="Rigvedic deities">Other Vedic Deities</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Post-Vedic:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navadurga" title="Navadurga">Navadurga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavidya" title="Mahavidya">Mahavidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devatas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishvakarma" title="Vishvakarma">Vishvakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubera" title="Kubera">Kubera</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Concepts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Worldview</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_cosmology" title="Hindu cosmology">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Mythology</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Ontology</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tattva" title="Tattva">Tattvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanmatras" title="Tanmatras">Subtle elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchikarana" title="Panchikarana">Panchikarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Bhuta" title="Pancha Bhuta">Gross elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%E1%B9%87a" title="Guṇa">Guṇas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purusha" title="Purusha">Purusha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prak%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Prakṛti">Prakṛti</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Para_Brahman" title="Para Brahman">Supreme reality</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nirguna_brahman" class="mw-redirect" title="Nirguna brahman">Nirguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguna_brahman" title="Saguna brahman">Saguna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saccid%C4%81nanda" title="Saccidānanda">Saccidānanda</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">God</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Hinduism" title="God in Hinduism">God in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_and_gender_in_Hinduism" title="God and gender in Hinduism">God and gender</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Puru%E1%B9%A3%C4%81rtha" title="Puruṣārtha">Puruṣārtha (Meaning of life)</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artha" title="Artha">Artha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/%C4%80%C5%9Brama_(stage)" title="Āśrama (stage)">Āśrama (Stages of life)</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%E1%B9%9Bhastha" title="Gṛhastha">Gṛhastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81naprastha" title="Vānaprastha">Vānaprastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Three_Yogas" title="Three Yogas">Three paths to liberation</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnana_yoga" title="Jnana yoga">Jnana yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga">Karma yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Liberation</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Mokṣa-related topics:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramatman" title="Paramatman">Paramātman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(religion)" title="Maya (religion)">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Mind</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)" title="Ātman (Hinduism)">Ātman (self)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C4%81tman_(Hinduism)" title="Anātman (Hinduism)">Anātman (non-self)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_bodies_doctrine" title="Three bodies doctrine">Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antahkarana" title="Antahkarana">Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs)</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81_(Hinduism)" title="Prajñā (Hinduism)">Prajña (wisdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80nanda_(Hindu_philosophy)" title="Ānanda (Hindu philosophy)">Ānanda (happiness)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viveka" title="Viveka">Viveka (discernment)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vairagya" title="Vairagya">Vairagya (dispassion)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samatva" title="Samatva">Sama (equanimity)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Dama (temperance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uparati" title="Uparati">Uparati (self-settledness)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titiksha" title="Titiksha">Titiksha (forbearance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_in_Hinduism" title="Faith in Hinduism">Shraddha (faith)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81dh%C4%81na" title="Samādhāna">Samadhana (concentration)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arishadvargas" title="Arishadvargas">Arishadvargas (six enemies)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahamkara" title="Ahamkara">Ahamkara (attachment)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Ethics</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_in_religion#Hindu_ethics" title="Ethics in religion">Niti śastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamas" title="Yamas">Yamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niyama" title="Niyama">Niyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achourya" title="Achourya">Achourya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-possession" title="Non-possession">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Damah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion#Hinduism" title="Compassion">Dayā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrodha" title="Akrodha">Akrodha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arjava" title="Arjava">Arjava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santosha" title="Santosha">Santosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%81dhy%C4%81ya" title="Svādhyāya">Svādhyāya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaucha" title="Shaucha">Shaucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitahara" title="Mitahara">Mitahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81stra_pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87am_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Śāstra pramāṇam in Hinduism">Sources of dharma</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Pramana" title="Pramana">Epistemology</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratyaksha" title="Pratyaksha">Pratyakṣa (perception)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Anumāṇa" title="Pramana">Anumāṇa (inference)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upam%C4%81%E1%B9%87a" class="mw-redirect" title="Upamāṇa">Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Arthāpatti" title="Pramana">Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Anupalabdi" title="Pramana">Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabda" title="Shabda">Śabda (word, testimony)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Worship in Hinduism">Worship</a>, sacrifice, and charity</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arti_(Hinduism)" title="Arti (Hinduism)">Ārtī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_Hinduism" title="Prayer in Hinduism">Prarthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arauta" title="Śrauta">Śrauta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kīrtana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homa_(ritual)" title="Homa (ritual)">Homa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarpana" title="Tarpana">Tarpana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C4%81ya%C5%9Bcitta" title="Prāyaścitta">Prāyaścitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Hinduism)" title="Tirtha (Hinduism)">Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yatra" title="Yatra">Yatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">Tirthadana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">Matha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Nritta-Nritya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sev%C4%81" title="Sevā">Sevā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Meditation</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhyana_in_Hinduism" title="Dhyana in Hinduism">Dhyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81dh%C4%81na" title="Samādhāna">Samādhāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nididhy%C4%81sana" title="Nididhyāsana">Nididhyāsana</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sadhu" title="Sadhu">Sadhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogini" title="Yogini">Yogini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">Asana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81dhan%C4%81" title="Sādhanā">Sādhanā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatha_yoga" title="Hatha yoga">Hatha yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnana_yoga" title="Jnana yoga">Jnana yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga">Karma yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C4%81ja_yoga" title="Rāja yoga">Rāja yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalini_yoga" title="Kundalini yoga">Kundalini yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_art" title="Hindu art">Arts</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathak" title="Kathak">Kathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathakali" title="Kathakali">Kathakali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipuri_dance" title="Manipuri dance">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohiniyattam" title="Mohiniyattam">Mohiniyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odissi" title="Odissi">Odissi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattriya" title="Sattriya">Sattriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Mela" title="Bhagavata Mela">Bhagavata Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakshagana" title="Yakshagana">Yakshagana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandiya_Raas" title="Dandiya Raas">Dandiya Raas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnatic_music" title="Carnatic music">Carnatic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandav_Lila" title="Pandav Lila">Pandav Lila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaripayattu" title="Kalaripayattu">Kalaripayattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silambam" title="Silambam">Silambam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adimurai" title="Adimurai">Adimurai</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Samskara_(rite_of_passage)" title="Samskara (rite of passage)">Rites of passage</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garbhadhana" title="Garbhadhana">Garbhadhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana" title="Pumsavana">Pumsavana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana_Simantonayana" title="Pumsavana Simantonayana">Pumsavana Simantonayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simantonnayana" title="Simantonnayana">Simantonnayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatakarma" title="Jatakarma">Jatakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81makara%E1%B9%87a" title="Nāmakaraṇa">Nāmakaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishkramana" title="Nishkramana">Nishkramana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaprashana" title="Annaprashana">Annaprashana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chudakarana" title="Chudakarana">Chudakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnavedha" title="Karnavedha">Karnavedha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidy%C4%81ra%E1%B9%83bha%E1%B9%83" title="Vidyāraṃbhaṃ">Vidyāraṃbhaṃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Upanayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshanta" title="Keshanta">Keshanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritu_Kala_Samskaram" title="Ritu Kala Samskaram">Ritushuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavartanam" title="Samavartanam">Samavartanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_wedding" title="Hindu wedding">Vivaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antyesti" title="Antyesti">Antyesti</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_festivals" title="List of Hindu festivals">Festivals</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Maha Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navaratri" title="Navaratri">Navaratri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramlila" title="Ramlila">Ramlila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayadashami" title="Vijayadashami">Vijayadashami-Dussehra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Raksha Bandhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasant_Panchami" title="Vasant Panchami">Vasant Panchami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama_Navami" title="Rama Navami">Rama Navami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbh_Mela" title="Kumbh Mela">Kumbh Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongal_(festival)" title="Pongal (festival)">Pongal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugadi" title="Ugadi">Ugadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisakhi" title="Vaisakhi">Vaisakhi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bihu" title="Bihu">Bihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthandu" title="Puthandu">Puthandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishu" title="Vishu">Vishu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratha_Yatra_(Puri)" title="Ratha Yatra (Puri)">Ratha Yatra</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Philosophical schools</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Astika" class="mw-redirect" title="Astika">Six Astika schools</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_(philosophy)" title="Yoga (philosophy)">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisheshika" title="Vaisheshika">Vaisheshika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%ABm%C4%81%E1%B9%83s%C4%81" title="Mīmāṃsā">Mīmāṃsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dvaita_Vedanta" title="Dvaita Vedanta">Dvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Achintya Bheda Abheda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shuddhadvaita" title="Shuddhadvaita">Shuddhadvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Svabhavika_Bhedabheda" title="Svabhavika Bhedabheda">Svabhavika Bhedabheda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akshar_Purushottam_Darshan" title="Akshar Purushottam Darshan">Akshar Purushottam Darshan</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other schools</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80j%C4%ABvika" title="Ājīvika">Ājīvika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charvaka" title="Charvaka">Charvaka</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_gurus_and_sants" title="List of Hindu gurus and sants">Gurus, Rishi, Philosophers</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient India">Ancient</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saptarshi" title="Saptarshi">Saptarshi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vashistha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vashistha">Vashistha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashyapa" title="Kashyapa">Kashyapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atri" title="Atri">Atri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamadagni" title="Jamadagni">Jamadagni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya_Sutras" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyaya Sutras">Gotama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishvamitra" title="Vishvamitra">Vishvamitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharadwaja" class="mw-redirect" title="Bharadwaja">Bharadwaja</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agastya" title="Agastya">Agastya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angiras" title="Angiras">Angiras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruni" class="mw-redirect" title="Aruni">Aruni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtavakra" title="Ashtavakra">Ashtavakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaimini" title="Jaimini">Jaimini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanada_(philosopher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanada (philosopher)">Kanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapila" title="Kapila">Kapila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patanjali" title="Patanjali">Patanjali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini" title="Pāṇini">Pāṇini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prashastapada" title="Prashastapada">Prashastapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raikva" title="Raikva">Raikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyakama_Jabala" class="mw-redirect" title="Satyakama Jabala">Satyakama Jabala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasa" title="Vyasa">Vyasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajnavalkya" title="Yajnavalkya">Yajnavalkya</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_India" title="Medieval India">Medieval</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhinavagupta" title="Abhinavagupta">Abhinavagupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Adi Shankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akka_Mahadevi" title="Akka Mahadevi">Akka Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allama_Prabhu" title="Allama Prabhu">Allama Prabhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvars" title="Alvars">Alvars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basava" title="Basava">Basava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramdas_Kathiababa" title="Ramdas Kathiababa">Ramdas Kathiababa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakradhar_Swami" title="Chakradhar Swami">Chakradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changdev" class="mw-redirect" title="Changdev">Chāngadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eknath" title="Eknath">Eknath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangesha_Upadhyaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Gangesha Upadhyaya">Gangesha Upadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudapada" title="Gaudapada">Gaudapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakshanath" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorakshanath">Gorakshanatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa_Thakur" title="Haridasa Thakur">Haridasa Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hith_Harivansh_Mahaprabhu" title="Hith Harivansh Mahaprabhu">Harivansh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannatha_Dasa_(Odia_poet)" title="Jagannatha Dasa (Odia poet)">Jagannatha Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayanta_Bhatta" title="Jayanta Bhatta">Jayanta Bhatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha" title="Jayatirtha">Jayatīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiva_Goswami" title="Jiva Goswami">Jiva Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B1%C4%81ne%C5%9Bvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jñāneśvar">Jñāneśvar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaka_Dasa" title="Kanaka Dasa">Kanaka Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kum%C4%81rila_Bha%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%ADa" title="Kumārila Bhaṭṭa">Kumārila Bhaṭṭa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhus%C5%ABdana_Sarasvat%C4%AB" title="Madhusūdana Sarasvatī">Madhusūdana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsyendranath" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsyendranath">Matsyendranatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morya_Gosavi" title="Morya Gosavi">Morya Gosavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukundraj" title="Mukundraj">Mukundarāja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narahari_Tirtha" title="Narahari Tirtha">Narahari Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha_Saraswati" title="Narasimha Saraswati">Narasimha Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayanars" title="Nayanars">Nayanars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbarkacharya" title="Nimbarkacharya">Nimbarkacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasacharya" title="Srinivasacharya">Srinivasacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabh%C4%81kara" title="Prabhākara">Prabhākara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purandara_Dasa" title="Purandara Dasa">Purandara Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghavendra_Swami" class="mw-redirect" title="Raghavendra Swami">Raghavendra Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghunatha_Siromani" title="Raghunatha Siromani">Raghunatha Siromani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghuttama_Tirtha" title="Raghuttama Tirtha">Raghuttama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Charan_(guru)" title="Ram Charan (guru)">Ram Charan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramprasad_Sen" title="Ramprasad Sen">Ramprasad Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupa_Goswami" title="Rupa Goswami">Rupa Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarth_Ramdas" title="Samarth Ramdas">Samarth Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankardev" title="Sankardev">Sankardev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanatha_Tirtha" title="Satyanatha Tirtha">Satyanatha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddheshwar" title="Siddheshwar">Siddheshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripada_Srivallabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Sripada Srivallabha">Sripada Srivallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripadaraja" title="Sripadaraja">Sripadaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surdas" title="Surdas">Surdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan" title="Swaminarayan">Swaminarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syama_Sastri" title="Syama Sastri">Śyāma Śastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukaram" title="Tukaram">Tukaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyagaraja" title="Tyagaraja">Tyagaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81caspati_Mi%C5%9Bra" class="mw-redirect" title="Vācaspati Miśra">Vācaspati Miśra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadiraja_Tirtha" title="Vadiraja Tirtha">Vadiraja Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabha" title="Vallabha">Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvalluvar" title="Thiruvalluvar">Valluvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Desika" title="Vedanta Desika">Vedanta Desika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyaranya" title="Vidyaranya">Vidyaranya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasaraja" class="mw-redirect" title="Vyasaraja">Vyasaraja</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Modern</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktisiddhanta_Sarasvati" title="Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati">Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktivinoda_Thakur" title="Bhaktivinoda Thakur">Bhaktivinoda Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrashekarendra_Saraswati" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandrashekarendra Saraswati">Chandrashekarendra Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinmayananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinmayananda">Chinmayananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaggi_Vasudev" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaggi Vasudev">Jaggi Vasudev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnananda_Saraswati" title="Krishnananda Saraswati">Krishnananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavatar_Babaji" title="Mahavatar Babaji">Mahavatar Babaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Mahesh Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Guru" title="Narayana Guru">Narayana Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigamananda_Paramahansa" title="Nigamananda Paramahansa">Nigamananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisargadatta_Maharaj" title="Nisargadatta Maharaj">Nisargadatta Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">Prabhupada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Radhakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramachandra_Dattatrya_Ranade" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramachandra Dattatrya Ranade">R. D. Ranade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna" title="Ramakrishna">Ramakrishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Rama_Tirtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Swami Rama Tirtha">Rama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramana_Maharshi" title="Ramana Maharshi">Ramana Maharshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar_(spiritual_leader)" title="Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)">Ravi Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Ramdas" title="Swami Ramdas">Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Samarth" title="Swami Samarth">Samarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba" title="Sathya Sai Baba">Sathya Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sai_Baba_of_Shirdi" title="Sai Baba of Shirdi">Shirdi Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Shraddhanand" title="Swami Shraddhanand">Shraddhanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadhyana_Tirtha" title="Satyadhyana Tirtha">Satyadhyana Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddharameshwar_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Siddharameshwar Maharaj">Siddharameshwar Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivananda_Saraswati" title="Sivananda Saraswati">Sivananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailanga" title="Trailanga">Trailanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U._G._Krishnamurti" title="U. G. Krishnamurti">U. G. Krishnamurti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upasni_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Upasni Maharaj">Upasni Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vethathiri_Maharishi" title="Vethathiri Maharishi">Vethathiri Maharishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Yogananda</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Texts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81stra_pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87am_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Śāstra pramāṇam in Hinduism">Sources and classification of scripture</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti" title="Śruti">Śruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Smṛti">Smṛti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80c%C4%81ra" title="Ācāra">Ācāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmatusti" title="Atmatusti">Ātmatuṣṭi</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Scriptures</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Hindu_texts" title="Timeline of Hindu texts">Timeline of Hindu texts</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yajurveda" title="Yajurveda">Yajurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Divisions</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samhitapatha" class="mw-redirect" title="Samhitapatha">Samhita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmana" title="Brahmana">Brahmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranyaka" title="Aranyaka">Aranyaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Rigveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Upanishad" title="Aitareya Upanishad">Aitareya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaushitaki_Upanishad" title="Kaushitaki Upanishad">Kaushitaki</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Yajurveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Brihadaranyaka_Upanishad" title="Brihadaranyaka Upanishad">Brihadaranyaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isha_Upanishad" title="Isha Upanishad">Isha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taittiriya_Upanishad" title="Taittiriya Upanishad">Taittiriya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Katha_Upanishad" title="Katha Upanishad">Katha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shvetashvatara_Upanishad" title="Shvetashvatara Upanishad">Shvetashvatara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maitrayaniya_Upanishad" title="Maitrayaniya Upanishad">Maitri</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Samaveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chandogya_Upanishad" title="Chandogya Upanishad">Chandogya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kena_Upanishad" title="Kena Upanishad">Kena</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Atharvaveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mundaka_Upanishad" title="Mundaka Upanishad">Mundaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mandukya_Upanishad" title="Mandukya Upanishad">Mandukya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prashna_Upanishad" title="Prashna Upanishad">Prashna</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedangas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedangas">Vedangas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiksha" title="Shiksha">Shiksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_metre" title="Vedic metre">Chandas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vy%C4%81kara%E1%B9%87a" title="Vyākaraṇa">Vyākaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirukta" title="Nirukta">Nirukta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_(Vedanga)" title="Kalpa (Vedanga)">Kalpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyotisha">Jyotisha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hindu scriptures">Other scriptures</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_(Hinduism)" title="Agama (Hinduism)"><i>Agama</i>s (Hinduism)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" title="Vishnu Purana">Vishnu Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Devi_Bhagavata_Purana" title="Devi Bhagavata Purana">Devi Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naradiya_Purana" title="Naradiya Purana">Naradiya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vamana_Purana" title="Vamana Purana">Vāmana Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matsya_Purana" title="Matsya Purana">Matsya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Purana" title="Garuda Purana">Garuda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Purana" title="Brahma Purana">Brahma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahmanda_Purana" title="Brahmanda Purana">Brahmanda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Vaivarta_Purana" title="Brahma Vaivarta Purana">Brahma Vaivarta Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhavishya_Purana" title="Bhavishya Purana">Bhavishya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agni_Purana" title="Agni Purana">Agni Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Purana" title="Shiva Purana">Shiva Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Linga_Purana" title="Linga Purana">Linga Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kurma_Purana" title="Kurma Purana">Kūrma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skanda_Purana" title="Skanda Purana">Skanda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Varaha_Purana" title="Varaha Purana">Varaha Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Markandeya_Purana" title="Markandeya Purana">Markandeya Purana</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedas#Upaveda" title="Vedas">Upavedas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhanurveda" title="Dhanurveda">Dhanurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gandharvaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandharvaveda">Gandharvaveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sthapatyaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Sthapatyaveda">Sthapatyaveda</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Shastra" title="Shastra">Shastras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sutra" title="Sutra">sutras</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Samhita" title="Samhita">samhitas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Dharmaśāstra">Dharma Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arthashastra" title="Arthashastra">Artha Śastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shilpa_Shastras" title="Shilpa Shastras">Shilpa Shastras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kama_Sutra" title="Kama Sutra">Kama Sutra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sutras" title="Brahma Sutras">Brahma Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samkhya_Pravachana_Sutra" title="Samkhya Pravachana Sutra">Samkhya Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purva_Mimamsa_Sutras" title="Purva Mimamsa Sutras">Mimamsa Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ny%C4%81ya_S%C5%ABtras" title="Nyāya Sūtras">Nyāya Sūtras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vai%C5%9Be%E1%B9%A3ika_S%C5%ABtra" title="Vaiśeṣika Sūtra">Vaiśeṣika Sūtra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali" title="Yoga Sutras of Patanjali">Yoga Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pramana" title="Pramana">Pramana Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charaka_Samhita" title="Charaka Samhita">Charaka Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sushruta_Samhita" title="Sushruta Samhita">Sushruta Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panchatantra" title="Panchatantra">Panchatantra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naalayira_Divya_Prabandham" title="Naalayira Divya Prabandham">Naalayira Divya Prabandham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramcharitmanas" title="Ramcharitmanas">Ramcharitmanas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Vasistha" title="Yoga Vasistha">Yoga Vasistha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Swarodaya" title="Shiva Swarodaya">Swara yoga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panchadasi" title="Panchadasi">Panchadasi</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Stotra" title="Stotra">Stotras</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_suktas_and_stutis" title="List of suktas and stutis">stutis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhashya" title="Bhashya">Bhashya</a> </div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kanakadhara_Stotra" title="Kanakadhara Stotra">Kanakadhara Stotra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Stuti" title="Shiva Stuti">Shiva Stuti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vayu_Stuti" title="Vayu Stuti">Vayu Stuti</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_literature" title="Tamil literature">Tamil literature</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naalayira_Divya_Prabandham" title="Naalayira Divya Prabandham">Naalayira Divya Prabandham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumuruk%C4%81%E1%B9%9F%E1%B9%9Fuppa%E1%B9%ADai" title="Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai">Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiruppukal" title="Tiruppukal">Tiruppukal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kural" title="Kural">Kural</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kamba_Ramayanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamba Ramayanam">Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Great_Epics" title="Five Great Epics">Five Great Epics</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Greater_Texts" title="Eighteen Greater Texts">Eighteen Greater Texts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Lesser_Texts" title="Eighteen Lesser Texts">Eighteen Lesser Texts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Athichudi" title="Athichudi">Athichudi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iraiyanar_Akapporul" title="Iraiyanar Akapporul">Iraiyanar Akapporul</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abirami_Antati" title="Abirami Antati">Abirami Antati</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thiruvilaiyadal_Puranam" title="Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam">Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vinayagar_Agaval" title="Vinayagar Agaval">Vinayagar Agaval</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed; border-bottom:1px dotted"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_texts" title="List of Hindu texts">Other texts</a></div></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Hindu Culture & Society</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Society</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">Varna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">Vaishya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shudra" title="Shudra">Shudra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%81ti" title="Jāti">Jāti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotra" title="Gotra">Gotra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Art</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_art" title="Hindu art">Hindu art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_iconography" title="Hindu iconography">Hindu iconography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shilpa_Shastras" title="Shilpa Shastras">Shilpa Shastras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">Rasa (aesthetics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_aesthetics" title="Indian aesthetics">Indian aesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yantra" title="Yantra">Yantra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Architecture</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_architecture" title="Hindu architecture">Hindu architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple_architecture" title="Hindu temple architecture">Hindu temple architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vastu_shastra" title="Vastu shastra">Vastu shastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talamana" title="Talamana">Talamana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Music</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_music" title="Hindu music">Hindu music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shruti_(music)" title="Shruti (music)">Shruti (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svara" title="Svara">Svara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alank%C4%81ra" title="Alankāra">Alankāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tala_(music)" title="Tala (music)">Tala (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raga" title="Raga">Raga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">Rasa (aesthetics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangita" title="Sangita">Sangita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadya" title="Vadya">Vadya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Food & Diet Customs</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Hinduism" title="Diet in Hinduism">Diet in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattvic_diet" title="Sattvic diet">Sattvic diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitahara" title="Mitahara">Mitahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhatka" title="Jhatka">Jhatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Time Keeping Practices</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_units_of_time" title="Hindu units of time">Hindu units of time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchangam" title="Panchangam">Panchangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaka_era" title="Shaka era">Shaka era</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Pilgrimage</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites">Pilgrimage sites</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other society-related topics:</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Hindu_sentiment" title="Anti-Hindu sentiment">Discrimination</a> <ul><li><a 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style="color:#001A57">Vaishnavism</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Git_govind_large.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Closeup of Vishnu, seated in the lotus position on a lotus. From depiction of the poet Jayadeva bowing to Vishnu, Gouache on paper Pahari, The very picture of devotion, bare-bodied, head bowed, legs crossed and hands folded, Jayadeva stands at left, with the implements of worship placed before the lotus-seat of Vishnu who sits there, blessing the poet."><img alt="Closeup of Vishnu, seated in the lotus position on a lotus. From depiction of the poet Jayadeva bowing to Vishnu, Gouache on paper Pahari, The very picture of devotion, bare-bodied, head bowed, legs crossed and hands folded, Jayadeva stands at left, with the implements of worship placed before the lotus-seat of Vishnu who sits there, blessing the poet." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Git_govind_large.jpg/220px-Git_govind_large.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Git_govind_large.jpg/330px-Git_govind_large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Git_govind_large.jpg/440px-Git_govind_large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="386" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Supreme deity</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Important deities</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matsya" title="Matsya">Matsya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurma" title="Kurma">Kurma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varaha" title="Varaha">Varaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha" title="Narasimha">Narasimha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vamana" title="Vamana">Vamana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasurama" class="mw-redirect" title="Parasurama">Parasurama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balarama" title="Balarama">Balarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha in Hinduism">Buddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other forms</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhanvantari" title="Dhanvantari">Dhanvantari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guruvayurappan" title="Guruvayurappan">Guruvayurappan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayagriva" title="Hayagriva">Hayagriva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath" title="Jagannath">Jagannath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohini" title="Mohini">Mohini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nara-Narayana" title="Nara-Narayana">Nara-Narayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithu" title="Prithu">Prithu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrinathji" title="Shrinathji">Shrinathji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venkateshvara" class="mw-redirect" title="Venkateshvara">Venkateshvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vithoba" title="Vithoba">Vithoba</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Consorts</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhumi_(goddess)" title="Bhumi (goddess)">Bhumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini" title="Rukmini">Rukmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamelu" class="mw-redirect" title="Alamelu">Alamelu</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Related</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garuda" title="Garuda">Garuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shesha" title="Shesha">Shesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_(deity)" title="Shasta (deity)">Shasta</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu scriptures"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Holy scriptures</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikhanasa" title="Vaikhanasa">Vaikhanasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harivamsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Harivamsa">Harivamsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divya_Prabandha" class="mw-redirect" title="Divya Prabandha">Divya Prabandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gita_Govinda" title="Gita Govinda">Gita Govinda</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" title="Vishnu Purana">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naradiya_Purana" title="Naradiya Purana">Naradiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Purana" title="Garuda Purana">Garuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni_Purana" title="Agni Purana">Agni</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Sampradayas</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Sampradaya">Sri</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akshar_Purushottam_Darshan" title="Akshar Purushottam Darshan">Akshar Purushottam Darshan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudra_Sampradaya" title="Rudra Sampradaya">Rudra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shuddhadvaita" title="Shuddhadvaita">Śuddhādvaita</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kum%C4%81ra_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumāra Sampradaya">Kumara</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dvaitadvaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvaitadvaita">Dvaitadvaita</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sampradaya" title="Brahma Sampradaya">Brahma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tattvavada" class="mw-redirect" title="Tattvavada">Tattvavada</a> or (<a href="/wiki/Dvaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvaita">Dvaita</a>)), <a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Acintyabhedabheda</a>)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Others</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekasarana_Dharma" title="Ekasarana Dharma">Ekasarana Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanubhava" title="Mahanubhava">Mahanubhava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranami_Sampraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Pranami Sampraday">Pranami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Vallabh_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Radha Vallabh Sampradaya">Radha Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsnehi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramsnehi">Ramsnehi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_Mat" title="Sant Mat">Sant Mat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava-Sahajiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnava-Sahajiya">Vaishnava-Sahajiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warkari" title="Warkari">Warkari</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Acharya" title="Acharya"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Teachers—acharyas</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakradhar_Swami" title="Chakradhar Swami">Chakradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hith_Harivansh_Mahaprabhu" title="Hith Harivansh Mahaprabhu">Harivansh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha" title="Jayatirtha">Jayatirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiva_Goswami" title="Jiva Goswami">Jiva Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnyaneshwar" title="Dnyaneshwar">Jñāneśvara</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhavdev" title="Madhavdev">Madhavdev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhvacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manavala_Mamunigal" title="Manavala Mamunigal">Manavala Mamunigal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nammalvar" title="Nammalvar">Nammalvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathamuni" title="Nathamuni">Nathamuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbarka" class="mw-redirect" title="Nimbarka">Nimbarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasacharya" title="Srinivasacharya">Srinivasacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmanabha_Tirtha" title="Padmanabha Tirtha">Padmanabha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillai_Lokacharya" title="Pillai Lokacharya">Pillai Lokacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purandara_Dasa" title="Purandara Dasa">Purandara Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghuttama_Tirtha" title="Raghuttama Tirtha">Raghuttama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghavendra_Tirtha" title="Raghavendra Tirtha">Raghavendra Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Charan_(guru)" title="Ram Charan (guru)">Ram Charan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanatha_Tirtha" title="Satyanatha Tirtha">Satyanatha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyabhinava_Tirtha" title="Satyabhinava Tirtha">Satyabhinava Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyabodha_Tirtha" title="Satyabodha Tirtha">Satyabodha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadharma_Tirtha" title="Satyadharma Tirtha">Satyadharma Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadhyana_Tirtha" title="Satyadhyana Tirtha">Satyadhyana Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarth_Ramdas" title="Samarth Ramdas">Samarth Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankardev" title="Sankardev">Sankardev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan" title="Swaminarayan">Swaminarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripadaraja" title="Sripadaraja">Sripadaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukaram" title="Tukaram">Tukaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabha" title="Vallabha">Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Desika" title="Vedanta Desika">Vedanta Desika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyapati" title="Vidyapati">Vidyapati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnuswami" title="Vishnuswami">Vishnuswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitthalanatha" title="Vitthalanatha">Viṭṭhalanātha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasatirtha" title="Vyasatirtha">Vyasatirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadiraja_Tirtha" title="Vadiraja Tirtha">Vadiraja Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamunacharya" title="Yamunacharya">Yamunacharya</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Related traditions</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagavatism">Bhagavatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikhanasas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaikhanasas">Vaikhanasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism#Tenkalai_("southern")_-_Manavala_Mamunigal" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Tenkalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism#Vadakalai_("northern")_-_Vedanta_Desika" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Vadakalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munitraya_Sampradayam" class="mw-redirect" title="Munitraya Sampradayam">Munitraya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaism" title="Krishnaism">Krishnaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath" title="Jagannath">Jagannathism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa" title="Haridasa">Haridasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava-Sahajiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnava-Sahajiya">Sahajiya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baul" title="Baul">Baul</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushtimarg" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushtimarg">Pushtimarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Gaudiya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="International Society for Krishna Consciousness">ISKCON</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanandi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramanandi">Ramanandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapadi" title="Kapadi">Kapadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balmikism" title="Balmikism">Balmiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir_panth" title="Kabir panth">Kabir panth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu panth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanam_Sampraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahanam Sampraday">Mahanam</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vaishnavism" title="Template:Vaishnavism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vaishnavism" title="Template talk:Vaishnavism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vaishnavism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vaishnavism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Sikhism" title="Category:Sikhism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #FFC600; padding:0.2em; font-size:140%;"><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Khanda_(Sikh_symbol)" title="Khanda"><img alt="Khanda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/100px-Khanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/150px-Khanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/200px-Khanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="632" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="border-top:1px solid #FFC600;border-bottom:1px solid #FFC600;padding-bottom:.35em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikhs" title="Sikhs">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikhs" title="Category:Sikhs">Topics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Sikhism" title="Outline of Sikhism">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sikhism" title="History of Sikhism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Sikhism" title="Glossary of Sikhism">Glossary</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFC600; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_gurus" title="Sikh gurus"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Sikh gurus</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak" title="Guru Nanak">Guru Nanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Angad" title="Guru Angad">Guru Angad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Amar_Das" title="Guru Amar Das">Guru Amar Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Ram_Das" title="Guru Ram Das">Guru Ram Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Arjan" title="Guru Arjan">Guru Arjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Hargobind" title="Guru Hargobind">Guru Hargobind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Har_Rai" title="Guru Har Rai">Guru Har Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Har_Krishan" title="Guru Har Krishan">Guru Har Krishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Tegh_Bahadur" title="Guru Tegh Bahadur">Guru Tegh Bahadur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Gobind_Singh" title="Guru Gobind Singh">Guru Gobind Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Guru Granth Sahib">Guru Granth Sahib</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFC600; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Bhagat" title="Bhagat"> <span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Selected revered saints</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bhagat Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Ravidas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagat Ravidas">Bhagat Ravidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Farid" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagat Farid">Bhagat Farid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Ramanand" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagat Ramanand">Bhagat Ramanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Beni" title="Bhagat Beni">Bhagat Beni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Bhagat Namdev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Sadhana" title="Bhagat Sadhana">Bhagat Sadhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Bhikhan" title="Bhagat Bhikhan">Bhagat Bhikhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Parmanand" title="Bhagat Parmanand">Bhagat Parmanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Sain" title="Bhagat Sain">Bhagat Sain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Dhanna" title="Bhagat Dhanna">Bhagat Dhanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Pipa" title="Bhagat Pipa">Bhagat Pipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surdas" title="Surdas">Bhagat Surdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayadeva" title="Jayadeva">Bhagat Jaidev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Trilochan" title="Bhagat Trilochan">Bhagat Trilochan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Kalshar" title="Bhatt Kalshar">Bhatt Kalshar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Balh" title="Bhatt Balh">Bhatt Balh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Bhalh" title="Bhatt Bhalh">Bhatt Bhalh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Bhika" title="Bhatt Bhika">Bhatt Bhika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Gayand" title="Bhatt Gayand">Bhatt Gayand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Harbans" title="Bhatt Harbans">Bhatt Harbans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Jalap" title="Bhatt Jalap">Bhatt Jalap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Kirat" title="Bhatt Kirat">Bhatt Kirat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Mathura" title="Bhatt Mathura">Bhatt Mathura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Nalh" title="Bhatt Nalh">Bhatt Nalh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatt_Salh" title="Bhatt Salh">Bhatt Salh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Sunder" title="Baba Sunder">Baba Sundar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satta_Doom" title="Satta Doom">Satta Doom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balvand_Rai" title="Balvand Rai">Balvand Rai</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFC600; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_religious_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh religious philosophy"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Philosophy</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Naam_Japo" title="Naam Japo">Naam Japo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirat_Karo" title="Kirat Karo"><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Kirat Karō</i></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vand_Chhako" title="Vand Chhako"><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Vand Chakkō</i></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charhdi_Kala" class="mw-redirect" title="Charhdi Kala"><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Charhdi Kalā</i></span></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guru_Maneyo_Granth" title="Guru Maneyo Granth">Guru Maneyo Granth</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Thieves" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Thieves">Five Thieves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Virtues" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Virtues">Five Virtues</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFC600; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_practices" title="Category:Sikh practices"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Practices</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Rehat_Maryada" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh Rehat Maryada">Sikh Rehat Maryada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prohibitions_in_Sikhism" title="Prohibitions in Sikhism">Prohibitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ard%C4%81s" title="Ardās">Ardās</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kirtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Vel%C4%81" title="Amrit Velā">Amrit Velā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasvand" class="mw-redirect" title="Dasvand">Dasvand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Five_Ks" class="mw-redirect" title="The Five Ks">The Five Ks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langar_(Sikhism)" title="Langar (Sikhism)">Langar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seva_(Indian_religions)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seva (Indian religions)">Sewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simran" title="Simran">Simran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitnem" title="Nitnem">Nitnem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dastar" title="Dastar">Dastar</a> (Turban)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naam_Karan" title="Naam Karan">Naam Karan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Sanskar" title="Amrit Sanskar">Amrit Sanskar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anand_Karaj" title="Anand Karaj">Anand Karaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antam_Sanskar" title="Antam Sanskar">Antam Sanskar</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFC600; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_scripture" title="Category:Sikh scripture"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Scripture</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Guru Granth Sahib">Guru Granth Sahib</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dasam_Granth" title="Dasam Granth">Dasam Granth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarbloh_Granth" title="Sarbloh Granth">Sarbloh Granth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Banis" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Banis">Five Banis</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFC600; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_places" title="Category:Sikh places"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Places</span></a> and <a href="/wiki/Panj_Takht" title="Panj Takht"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Takhts</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gurdwara" title="Gurdwara">Gurdwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmandir_Sahib" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmandir Sahib">Harmandir Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akal_Takht" title="Akal Takht">Akal Takht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht_Sri_Keshgarh_Sahib" class="mw-redirect" title="Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib">Keshgarh Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht_Sri_Damdama_Sahib" title="Takht Sri Damdama Sahib">Damdama Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht_Sri_Patna_Sahib" title="Takht Sri Patna Sahib">Patna Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht_Sri_Hazur_Sahib" class="mw-redirect" title="Takht Sri Hazur Sahib">Hazur Sahib</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFC600; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikhism" title="Category:Sikhism">General topics</a></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ik_Onkar" title="Ik Onkar">Ik Onkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalsa" title="Khalsa">Khalsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waheguru" title="Waheguru">Waheguru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panj_Pyare" title="Panj Pyare">Panj Pyare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirgun_and_Sargun_(Sikhism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nirgun and Sargun (Sikhism)">Nirgun and Sargun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanda_(Sikh_symbol)" title="Khanda (Sikh symbol)">Khanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_literature" title="Category:Sikh literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_music" title="Category:Sikh music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_names" title="Sikh names">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Sikhism" title="Criticism of Sikhism">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jathedar_of_Akal_Takht" class="mw-redirect" title="Jathedar of Akal Takht">Jathedar of Akal Takht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharamyudh_(Sikhism)" title="Dharamyudh (Sikhism)">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sects_of_Sikhism" title="Sects of Sikhism">Sects</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFC600; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Sikhism and other religions</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Sikhism" title="Hinduism and Sikhism">Sikhism and Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_Sikhism" title="Islam and Sikhism">Sikhism and Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_Sikhism" title="Jainism and Sikhism">Sikhism and Jainism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="border-top:1px solid #FFC600;border-bottom:1px solid #FFC600;padding-bottom:0.4em;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/16px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/24px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/32px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sikhism_sidebar" title="Template:Sikhism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sikhism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Sikhism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sikhism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sikhism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks collapsible"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size:88%; line-height:200%;"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="nobold">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Islam" title="Category:Islam">a series</a> on <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:200%;"><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani,_Baghdad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg/200px-Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg/300px-Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg/400px-Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div class="sidebar-caption">Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Qadir_Gilani" title="Abdul Qadir Gilani">Abdul Qadir Gilani</a>, Baghdad, Iraq</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Ideas</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdal" title="Abdal">Abdal</a></li> <li><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar-Latn" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Al-Ins%C4%81n_al-K%C4%81mil" title="Al-Insān al-Kāmil">Al-Insān al-Kāmil</a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baqaa" title="Baqaa">Baqaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dervish" title="Dervish">Dervish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhawq" title="Dhawq">Dhawq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakir" title="Fakir">Fakir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fana_(Sufism)" title="Fana (Sufism)">Fana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_(Sufism)" title="Hal (Sufism)">Hal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haqiqa" title="Haqiqa">Haqiqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihsan" title="Ihsan">Ihsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irfan" title="Irfan">Irfan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishq" title="Ishq">Ishq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamat" title="Karamat">Karamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashf" title="Kashf">Kashf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lataif-e-Sitta" title="Lataif-e-Sitta">Lataif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manzil" title="Manzil">Manzil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27rifa" title="Ma'rifa">Ma'rifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maqam_(Sufism)" title="Maqam (Sufism)">Maqam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murid" title="Murid">Murid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murshid" title="Murshid">Murshid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nafs" title="Nafs">Nafs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C5%ABr_(Islam)" title="Nūr (Islam)">Nūr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalandar_(title)" title="Qalandar (title)">Qalandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qutb" title="Qutb">Qutb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silsila" title="Silsila">Silsila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_cosmology" title="Sufi cosmology">Sufi cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_metaphysics" title="Sufi metaphysics">Sufi metaphysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_philosophy" title="Sufi philosophy">Sufi philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_poetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufi poetry">Sufi poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_psychology" title="Sufi psychology">Sufi psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salik" title="Salik">Salik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tazkiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Tazkiah">Tazkiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wali" title="Wali">Wali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaqeen" title="Yaqeen">Yaqeen</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasheed" title="Nasheed">Anasheed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhikr" title="Dhikr">Dhikr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha%E1%B8%8Dra" title="Haḍra">Haḍra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muraqabah" title="Muraqabah">Muraqabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qawwali" title="Qawwali">Qawwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sama_(Sufism)" title="Sama (Sufism)">Sama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_whirling" title="Sufi whirling">Whirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziyarat" title="Ziyarat">Ziyarat</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Tariqa" title="Tariqa">Sufi orders</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alians" title="Alians">Alians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_%27Alawiyya" title="Ba 'Alawiyya">Ba 'Alawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bektashi_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Bektashi Order">Bektashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qadiriyya" title="Qadiriyya">Qadiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chishti_Order" title="Chishti Order">Chishti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naqshbandi" title="Naqshbandi">Naqshbandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadhili" title="Shadhili">Shadhili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suhrawardiyya" title="Suhrawardiyya">Suhrawardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifa%60i" class="mw-redirect" title="Rifa`i">Rifa`i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalwati_order" title="Khalwati order">Khalwati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahmaniyya" title="Rahmaniyya">Rahmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badawiyya" title="Badawiyya">Badawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desuqiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Desuqiyya">Desuqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tijaniyyah" title="Tijaniyyah">Tijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darqawiyya" title="Darqawiyya">Darqawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idrisiyya" title="Idrisiyya">Idrisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusiyya" title="Senusiyya">Senusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayramiye" title="Bayramiye">Bayrami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jelveti" title="Jelveti">Jelveti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maizbhandari" title="Maizbhandari">Maizbhandari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malamatiyya" title="Malamatiyya">Malamati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouride" title="Mouride">Mouridi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleymanc%C4%B1lar" title="Süleymancılar">Sülaymaniyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salihiyya" title="Salihiyya">Salihiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azeemiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Azeemiyya">Azeemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubrawiya" title="Kubrawiya">Kubrawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mevlevi_Order" title="Mevlevi Order">Mevlevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shattari" class="mw-redirect" title="Shattari">Shattari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwaisi" title="Uwaisi">Uwaisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurufism" title="Hurufism">Hurufi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%27matull%C4%81h%C4%AB" title="Ni'matullāhī">Ni'matullāhī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuqtavi" title="Nuqtavi">Nuqtavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalandariyya" title="Qalandariyya">Qalandari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safavid_order" title="Safavid order">Safavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zahabiya" title="Zahabiya">Zahabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akbariyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Akbariyya">Akbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galibi_Order" title="Galibi Order">Galibi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haqqani_Anjuman" title="Haqqani Anjuman">Haqqani Anjuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inayati_Order" title="Inayati Order">Inayati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aissawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Aissawa">Issawiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerrahi" title="Jerrahi">Jerrahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madariyya" title="Madariyya">Madari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahdavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahdavia">Mahdavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noorbakshia_Islam" title="Noorbakshia Islam">Noorbakshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zahediyeh" title="Zahediyeh">Zahedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zikri" class="mw-redirect" title="Zikri">Zikri</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">List of sufis</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sufi_saints" title="List of Sufi saints">Notable early</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sufis" title="List of Sufis">Notable modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sufi_singers" title="List of Sufi singers">Singers</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Topics in Sufism</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Tawhid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariqa" title="Tariqa">Tariqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haqiqa" title="Haqiqa">Haqiqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27rifa" title="Ma'rifa">Ma'rifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sufi_art" title="Category:Sufi art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sufism" title="History of Sufism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_music" title="Sufi music">Sufi music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Sufis" title="Persecution of Sufis">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziyarat" title="Ziyarat">Ziyarat</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/27px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/54px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sufism" title="Template:Sufism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sufism" title="Template talk:Sufism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sufism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sufism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kabir</b> (1398–1518 CE)<sup id="cite_ref-Machwe_1968_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Machwe_1968-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 14–15">: 14–15 </span></sup> was a well-known Indian <a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">mystic</a> <a href="/wiki/Poet" title="Poet">poet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sant_(religion)" title="Sant (religion)">sant</a>. His verses are found in Sikhism's scripture <a href="/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Guru Granth Sahib">Guru Granth Sahib</a>, the <a href="/wiki/File:SadGranth_Sahib.jpg" title="File:SadGranth Sahib.jpg">Satguru Granth Sahib</a> of <a href="/wiki/Garib_Das" title="Garib Das">Saint Garib Das</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Kabir Sagar of <a href="/wiki/Dharamdas" title="Dharamdas">Dharamdas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-britannicakabir_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannicakabir-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198447_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198447-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, Kabir is an important figure in Hinduism, Sikhism and in <a href="/wiki/Sufism_in_India" title="Sufism in India">Sufism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Born in the city of <a href="/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, he is known for being critical of organized religions. He questioned what he regarded to be the meaningless and unethical practices of all religions, primarily what he considered to be the wrong practices in Hinduism and Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-britannicakabir_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannicakabir-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHenderson_Garcia200270–71_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHenderson_Garcia200270–71-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his lifetime, he was threatened by both Hindus and Muslims for his views.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he died, several Hindus and the Muslims he had inspired claimed him as theirs.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kabir suggested that "truth" is with the person who is on the path of righteousness, who considers everything, living and non living, as divine, and who is passively detached from the affairs of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To know the truth, suggested Kabir, drop the "I", or the ego.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kabir's legacy survives and continues through the <a href="/wiki/Kabir_panth" title="Kabir panth">Kabir panth</a> ("Path of Kabir"), <a href="/wiki/Sant_Mat" title="Sant Mat">Sant Mat</a> sect that recognizes Kabir as its founder. Its members are known as <i>Kabir panthis</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen1987281–302_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen1987281–302-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_background">Early life and background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The years of Kabir's birth and death are uncertain.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen199112–18_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen199112–18-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDass199114_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDass199114-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some historians favor 1398–1448 as the period Kabir lived,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh2002_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh2002-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDass19915_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDass19915-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while others favor 1440–1518.<sup id="cite_ref-britannicakabir_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannicakabir-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lorenzen06_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lorenzen06-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDass1991106_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDass1991106-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Generally, Kabir is believed to have been born in <a href="//archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.46892/page/n15" class="extiw" title="iarchive:in.gov.ignca.46892/page/n15">1398 (Samvat 1455)</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Machwe_1968_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Machwe_1968-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 14–15">: 14–15 </span></sup> on the full moon day of <a href="/wiki/Jyeshtha_(month)" title="Jyeshtha (month)">Jyeshtha month</a> (according to the historical Hindu calendar <a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a>) at the time of <a href="/wiki/Brahmamuhurtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmamuhurtha">Brahmamuharta</a>. There is a considerable scholarly debate on the circumstances surrounding Kabir's birth. Many followers of Kabir believe that he came from <i>Satloka</i> by assuming the body of light, and incarnated on a lotus flower and claim that the rishi Ashtanand was the direct witness of this incident, who himself appeared on a lotus flower in the <a href="/wiki/Lahartara_Pond" title="Lahartara Pond">Lahartara Pond</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A few accounts mention that Kabir, in the form of in infant, was found at Lahartara Lake by a Muslim weaver named Niru and his wife Nima, who raised him as their child.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen19917_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen19917-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kabir is believed to have become one of the many disciples of the Bhakti poet-saint Swami <a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a> in Varanasi, known for devotional <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> with a strong bent to <a href="/wiki/Monism" title="Monism">monist</a> <a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a> philosophy teaching that God was inside every person and everything.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPande201077_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPande201077-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198443–44_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198443–44-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early texts about his life place him with Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism as well as the Sufi tradition of Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERizvi1983412"The_author_of_the_''Dabistan-i_Mazahib''_placed_Kabir_against_the_background_of_the_legends_of_the_Vaishnavite_''vairagis''_(mendicants)_with_whom_he_was_identified,_but_a_contemporary_of_his,_Shaikh_'Abdu'r-Rahman_Chisti,_combined_both_the_''Bairagi''_and_the_''muwwahid''_traditions_about_Kabir_in_his_''Mir'atu'l-asrar''_and_also_made_him_a_Firdaussiya_Sufi."_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERizvi1983412"The_author_of_the_''Dabistan-i_Mazahib''_placed_Kabir_against_the_background_of_the_legends_of_the_Vaishnavite_''vairagis''_(mendicants)_with_whom_he_was_identified,_but_a_contemporary_of_his,_Shaikh_'Abdu'r-Rahman_Chisti,_combined_both_the_''Bairagi''_and_the_''muwwahid''_traditions_about_Kabir_in_his_''Mir'atu'l-asrar''_and_also_made_him_a_Firdaussiya_Sufi."-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Irfan Habib, the two manuscript versions of the Persian text <i><a href="/wiki/Dabestan-e_Mazaheb" title="Dabestan-e Mazaheb">Dabestan-e Mazaheb</a></i> are the earliest known texts with biographical information about Kabir.<sup id="cite_ref-ihabib_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ihabib-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Dabestan-e-Mazaheb</i> states Kabir is a "Bairagi" (Vaishnava yogi) and states he is a disciple of Ramanand (the text refers to him repeatedly as "Gang"). </p><p>Kabir's family is believed to have lived in the locality of <a href="/wiki/Kabir_Chaura" title="Kabir Chaura">Kabir Chaura</a> in <a href="/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi (Banaras)</a>. <i>Kabīr <a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">maṭha</a></i> (<span title="Sanskrit-language text"><span lang="sa">कबीरमठ</span></span>), a <i>maṭha</i> located in the back alleys of Kabir Chaura, celebrates his life and times.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987291_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987291-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Accompanying the property is a house named <i>Nīrūṭīlā</i> (<span title="Sanskrit-language text"><span lang="sa">नीरू टीला</span></span>) which houses Niru and Nima graves.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poetry">Poetry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Poetry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kabir's poems were in <a href="/wiki/Sadhukkadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadhukkadi">Sadhukkadi</a>, also known as Panchmel Khichri, borrowing from various dialects including <a href="/wiki/Khadi_boli" class="mw-redirect" title="Khadi boli">Khadi boli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Braj" title="Braj">Braj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhojpuri_language" title="Bhojpuri language">Bhojpuri</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Awadhi_language" title="Awadhi language">Awadhi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kabir also wrote in pure <a href="/wiki/Bhojpuri_language" title="Bhojpuri language">Bhojpuri</a>, for instance his poems like <i>mor hīrā herāïl bā kichaṛe me</i> is written in pure Bhojpuri.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They cover various aspects of life and call for a loving devotion for God.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024–6_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024–6-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kabir composed his verses with simple words. Most of his work was concerned with devotion, mysticism and discipline.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESastri200224_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESastri200224-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>Where spring, the lord of seasons reigneth, there the unstruck music sounds of itself,<br /> There the streams of light flow in all directions, few are the men who can cross to that shore!<br /> There, where millions of <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishnas</a> stand with hands folded,<br /> Where millions of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnus</a> bow their heads, where millions of <a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahmas</a> are reading the Vedas,<br /> Where millions of <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shivas</a> are lost in contemplation, where millions of <a href="/wiki/Indra" title="Indra">Indras</a> dwell in the sky,<br /> Where the demi-gods and the <a href="/wiki/Muni_(saint)" title="Muni (saint)">munis</a> are unnumbered, where millions of <a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswatis</a>, goddess of music play the vina,<br /> There is my Lord self-revealed, and the scent of sandal and flowers dwells in those deeps. </p> </div> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Kabir, II.57, Translated by <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[httpsarchiveorgstreamonehundredpoemso00kabiuoftpage14mode2up_15]XV_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[httpsarchiveorgstreamonehundredpoemso00kabiuoftpage14mode2up_15]XV-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Kabir and his followers named his verbally composed poems of wisdom as "bāņīs" (utterances). These include songs and couplets, called variously <i><a href="/wiki/Doha_(poetry)" title="Doha (poetry)">dohe</a></i>, <i>śalokā</i> (Sanskrit: ślokā), or <i>sākhī</i> (Sanskrit: sākṣī). The latter term means "witness", implying the poems to be evidence of the Truth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKumar198448_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKumar198448-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Literary works with compositions attributed to Kabir include <i>Kabir Bijak</i>, <i>Kabir Parachai</i>, <i>Sakhi Granth</i>, <i>Adi Granth</i> (Sikh), and <i>Kabir Granthawali</i> (Rajasthan).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen199118–19_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen199118–19-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, except for Adi Granth, significantly different versions of these texts exist and it is unclear which one is more original; for example, <i>Kabir Bijak</i> exists in two major recensions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClasse2000746_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClasse2000746-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most in depth scholarly analysis of various versions and translations are credited to Charlotte Vaudeville, the 20th century French scholar on Kabir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClasse2000746_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClasse2000746-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are 82 works attributed to Kabir as mentioned in Kabir and the Kabir panth by Westcott.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shyamsundar Das himself brought to light two marked manuscripts which he published in 1928. One of these manuscripts carried the date 1504 and the other 1824.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Kabir's poems were verbally composed in the 15th century and transmitted <i><a href="/wiki/Word_of_mouth" title="Word of mouth">viva voce</a></i> through the 17th century. <i>Kabir Bijak</i> was compiled and written down for the first time in the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClasse2000745–747_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClasse2000745–747-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars state that this form of transmission, over geography and across generations bred change, interpolation and corruption of the poems.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClasse2000745–747_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClasse2000745–747-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, whole songs were creatively fabricated and new couplets inserted by unknown authors and attributed to Kabir, not because of dishonesty but out of respect for him and the creative exuberance of anonymous oral tradition found in Indian literary works.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClasse2000745–747_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClasse2000745–747-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars have sought to establish poetry that truly came from Kabir and its <a href="/wiki/Historicity" title="Historicity">historicity</a> value.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–179_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–179-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Authenticity">Authenticity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Authenticity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kabir's poems can be found in a wide variety of publications and websites, but the discussion of authenticity is ongoing.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20026_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20026-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It seems certain that minor changes will have occurred through the centuries and it is also possible that poems written by others have been attributed to Kabir. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>'s English translation and compilation, <i><a href="/wiki/Songs_of_Kabir" title="Songs of Kabir">Songs of Kabir</a></i>, was first published in 1915 and has been a classic reprinted and circulated particularly in the West.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–169_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–169-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One critic (V.C. Mishra) has gone so far as to suggest that only six<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987173_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987173-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of its hundred poems are authentic<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987172_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987172-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and also raises the question of whether the translator projected theological perspectives of the early 20th century onto Kabir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987168,_178–179_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987168,_178–179-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same essay adds that the presumed unauthentic poems nevertheless belong to the Bhakti movement in medieval India and may have been composed by admirers of Kabir who lived later.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–169_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–169-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philosophy">Philosophy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Philosophy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_Kabir_with_Namdeva,_Raidas_and_Pipaji._Jaipur,_early_19century,_National_Museum_New_Delhi_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Saint_Kabir_with_Namdeva%2C_Raidas_and_Pipaji._Jaipur%2C_early_19century%2C_National_Museum_New_Delhi_%282%29.jpg/220px-Saint_Kabir_with_Namdeva%2C_Raidas_and_Pipaji._Jaipur%2C_early_19century%2C_National_Museum_New_Delhi_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Saint_Kabir_with_Namdeva%2C_Raidas_and_Pipaji._Jaipur%2C_early_19century%2C_National_Museum_New_Delhi_%282%29.jpg/330px-Saint_Kabir_with_Namdeva%2C_Raidas_and_Pipaji._Jaipur%2C_early_19century%2C_National_Museum_New_Delhi_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Saint_Kabir_with_Namdeva%2C_Raidas_and_Pipaji._Jaipur%2C_early_19century%2C_National_Museum_New_Delhi_%282%29.jpg/440px-Saint_Kabir_with_Namdeva%2C_Raidas_and_Pipaji._Jaipur%2C_early_19century%2C_National_Museum_New_Delhi_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1618" data-file-height="1181" /></a><figcaption>Kabir with Namadeva, Raidas and Pipaji. Jaipur, early 19th century</figcaption></figure> <p>According to Linda Hess, "Some modern commentators have tried to present Kabir as a synthesizer of Hinduism and Islam; but the picture is a false one. While drawing on various traditions as he saw fit, Kabir emphatically declared his independence from both the major religions of his countrymen, vigorously attacked what he considered the follies of these religions, and tried to kindle the fire of a similar autonomy and courage in those who claimed to be his disciples.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20025_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20025-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He adopted their terminology and concepts, but vigorously criticized them both.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20025–6_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20025–6-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201227–28_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201227–28-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He questioned the need for any holy book, as stated in Kabir Granthavali as follows: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>Reading book after book the whole world died,<br /> and none ever became learned!<br /> But understanding the root matter is what made them gain the knowledge! </p> </div> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Kabir Granthavali, XXXIII.3, Translated by Charlotte Vaudeville<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198723_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198723-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Many scholars interpret Kabir's philosophy to be questioning the need for religion, rather than attempting to propose either <a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Muslim_unity" title="Hindu–Muslim unity">Hindu–Muslim unity</a> or an independent synthesis of a new religious tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201235_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201235-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kabir rejected the hypocrisy and misguided rituals evident in various religious practices of his day, including those in Islam and Hinduism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201235_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201235-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>Saints I've seen both ways.<br /> Hindus and Muslims don't want discipline, they want tasty food.<br /> The Hindu keeps the eleventh-day fast, eating chestnuts and milk.<br /> He curbs his grain but not his brain, and breaks his fast with meat.<br /> The Turk [Muslim] prays daily, fasts once a year, and crows "God!, God!" like a cock.<br /> What heaven is reserved for people who kill chickens in the dark?<br /> Instead of kindness and compassion, they've cast out all desire.<br /> One kills with a chop, one lets the blood drop, in both houses burns the same fire.<br /> Turks and Hindus have one way, the guru's made it clear.<br /> Don't say Ram, don't say Khuda [Allah], so says Kabir. </p> </div> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Kabir, Śabda 10, Translated by Linda Hess and Shukdeo Singh<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh200246_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh200246-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>In <i>Bijak</i>, Kabir mocks the practice of praying to avatars such as Buddha of Buddhism, by asserting "don't call the master Buddha, he didn't put down devils".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh200245_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh200245-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoniger2010484_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoniger2010484-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kabir urged people to look within and consider all human beings as manifestation of God's living forms: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>If God be within the mosque, then to whom does this world belong?<br /> If Ram be within the image which you find upon your pilgrimage,<br /> then who is there to know what happens without?<br /> Hari is in the East, Allah is in the West.<br /> Look within your heart, for there you will find both Karim and Ram;<br /> All the men and women of the world are His living forms.<br /> Kabir is the child of Allah and of Ram: He is my Guru, He is my Pir. </p> </div> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Kabir, III.2, Translated by <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[httpsarchiveorgstreamonehundredpoemso00kabiuoftpage72mode2up_72]LXIX_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[httpsarchiveorgstreamonehundredpoemso00kabiuoftpage72mode2up_72]LXIX-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Charlotte Vaudeville states that the philosophy of Kabir and other <a href="/wiki/Sant_(religion)" title="Sant (religion)">sants</a> of the Bhakti movement is the seeking of the Absolute. The notion of this Absolute is <i>nirguna</i> which, writes Vaudeville, is same as "the <a href="/wiki/Upanishad" class="mw-redirect" title="Upanishad">Upanishadic</a> concept of the <a href="/wiki/Atman_(Hinduism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Atman (Hinduism)">Brahman-Atman</a> and the monistic Advaita interpretation of the Vedantic tradition, which denies any distinction between the soul [within a human being] and God, and urges man to recognize within himself his true divine nature".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198726_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198726-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vaudeville notes that this philosophy of Kabir and other Bhakti sants is self-contradictory, because if God is within, then that would be a call to abolish all external <a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">bhakti</a>. This inconsistency in Kabir's teaching may have been differentiating "union with God" from the concept of "merging into God, or Oneness in all beings". Alternatively, states Vaudeville, the <i>saguna</i> prema-bhakti (tender devotion) may have been prepositioned as the journey towards self-realization of the <i>nirguna</i> Brahman, a universality beyond monotheism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198727–33_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198727–33-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/David_Lorenzen" title="David Lorenzen">David N. Lorenzen</a> and Adrián Muñoz trace these ideas of God in Kabir's philosophy as <i>nirguna Brahman</i> to those in <a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Adi Shankara</a>'s theories on <a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita Vedanta</a> school of Hinduism, albeit with some differences.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201248_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201248-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Influence_of_Islam">Influence of Islam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Influence of Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lorenzen in his review of Kabir's philosophy and poetry writes, "the extent to which Kabir borrowed elements from Islam is controversial. Many recent scholars have argued that he simply rejected Islam and took almost all his ideas and beliefs from the Hindu tradition. Contemporary Kabir Panth sadhus make roughly the same argument. Most of the vocabulary used in his songs and verses are borrowed directly from the Hindu tradition. Some scholars state that the sexual imagery in some of Kabir's poems reflect a mystic Sufi Islam influence, wherein Kabir inverts the traditional Sufi representation of a God-woman and devotee-man longing for a union, and instead uses the imagery of Lord-husband and devotee-bride.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987177–178_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987177–178-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other scholars, in contrast, state that it is unclear if Sufi ideas influenced Bhakti sants like Kabir or it was vice versa, suggesting that they probably co-developed through mutual interaction.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarson1995116_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELarson1995116-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kabir left Islam, states Ronald McGregor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198447_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198447-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kabir, nevertheless, criticized practices such as killing and eating cows by Muslims, in a manner Hindus criticized those practices: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>We have searched the <i>turaki Dharam</i> (<a href="/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate" title="Delhi Sultanate">Turk's religion</a>, Islam), these teachers throw many thunderbolts,<br /> Recklessly they display boundless pride while explaining their own aims, they kill cows.<br /> How can they kill the mother, whose milk they drink like that of a wet nurse?<br /> The young and the old drink milk pudding, but these fools eat the cow's body.<br /> These morons know nothing, they wander about in ignorance,<br /> Without looking into one's heart, how can one reach paradise? </p> </div> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Kabir, Ramaini 1, Translated by <a href="/wiki/David_Lorenzen" title="David Lorenzen">David Lorenzen</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201227_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201227-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Persecution_and_social_impact">Persecution and social impact</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Persecution and social impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kabir's couplets suggest he was persecuted for his views, while he was alive. He stated, for example, </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>Saints I see the world is mad.<br /> If I tell the truth they rush to beat me,<br /> if I lie they trust me. </p> </div> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Kabir, Shabad - 4, <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Kabir response to persecution and slander was to welcome it. He called the slanderer a friend, expressed gratefulness for the slander, for it brought him closer to his God.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDas19968_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDas19968-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Winand Callewaert translates a poem attributed to Kabir in the warrior-ascetic <i><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadupanthi</a></i> tradition within Hinduism, as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallewaert1978274_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallewaert1978274-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>Keep the slanderer near you, build him a hut in your courtyard —<br /> For, without soap or water, he will scrub your character clean. </p> </div> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Kabir, Sākhī 23.4, <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallewaert1978274_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallewaert1978274-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The legends about Kabir describe him as the underdog who nevertheless is victorious in trials by a <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Qadi" title="Qadi">Qazi</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Bania_(caste)" title="Bania (caste)">merchant</a>, a god or a goddess. The ideological messages in the legends appealed to the poor and oppressed. According to David Lorenzen, legends about Kabir reflect a "protest against social discrimination and economic exploitation", they present the perspective of the poor and powerless, not the rich and powerful.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen19915–6_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen19915–6-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, many scholars doubt that these legends of persecution are authentic, point to the lack of any corroborating evidence, consider it unlikely that a Muslim Sultan would take orders from Hindu Brahmins or Kabir's own mother demanded that the Sultan punish Kabir, and question the historicity of the legends on Kabir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen199116–35_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen199116–35-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kabir-stamp-370x630.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Kabir-stamp-370x630.jpg/130px-Kabir-stamp-370x630.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Kabir-stamp-370x630.jpg/195px-Kabir-stamp-370x630.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Kabir-stamp-370x630.jpg/260px-Kabir-stamp-370x630.jpg 2x" data-file-width="584" data-file-height="974" /></a><figcaption>Indian postage stamp portraying Kabir, 1952</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Painting_of_bhagat_Kabir_with_attendants,_circa_late_17th_century.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Painting_of_bhagat_Kabir_with_attendants%2C_circa_late_17th_century.jpg/220px-Painting_of_bhagat_Kabir_with_attendants%2C_circa_late_17th_century.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Painting_of_bhagat_Kabir_with_attendants%2C_circa_late_17th_century.jpg/330px-Painting_of_bhagat_Kabir_with_attendants%2C_circa_late_17th_century.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Painting_of_bhagat_Kabir_with_attendants%2C_circa_late_17th_century.jpg/440px-Painting_of_bhagat_Kabir_with_attendants%2C_circa_late_17th_century.jpg 2x" data-file-width="859" data-file-height="1189" /></a><figcaption>Painting of bhagat Kabir with attendants, circa late 17th century</figcaption></figure> <p>Kabir literature legacy was promoted by two of his disciples, Bhāgodās and <a href="/wiki/Dharamdas" title="Dharamdas">Dharamdas</a>. <a href="/wiki/Songs_of_Kabir" title="Songs of Kabir">Songs of Kabir</a> were collected by <a href="/wiki/Kshitimohan_Sen" title="Kshitimohan Sen">Kshitimohan Sen</a> from mendicants across India, these were then translated to English by <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabir2004[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabir2004[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New English translations of Songs of Kabir is done by <a href="/wiki/Arvind_Krishna_Mehrotra" title="Arvind Krishna Mehrotra">Arvind Krishna Mehrotra</a>. August Kleinzahler writes about this: "It is Mehrotra who has succeeded in capturing the ferocity and improvisational energy of Kabir’s poetry".<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kabir's legacy continues to be carried forward by the <a href="/wiki/Kabir_panth" title="Kabir panth">Kabir panth</a> ("Path of Kabir"), a religious community that recognises him as its founder and is one of the <a href="/wiki/Sant_Mat" title="Sant Mat">Sant Mat</a> sects. This community was founded centuries after Kabir died, in various parts of India, over the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrewal2010119_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrewal2010119-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its members, known as <i>Kabir panthis</i>, are estimated to be around 9.6 million.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFriedlander2010[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFriedlander2010[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are spread over north and central India, as well as dispersed with the <a href="/wiki/Non-resident_Indian_and_person_of_Indian_origin" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin">Indian diaspora</a> across the world, up from 843,171 in the 1901 census.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWestcott20062_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWestcott20062-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are two temples dedicated to Kabir located in <a href="/wiki/Benares" class="mw-redirect" title="Benares">Benares</a>. One of them is maintained by <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a>, while the other by Muslims. Both the temples practise similar forms of worship where his songs are sung daily. Other rituals of <a href="/wiki/Aarti" class="mw-redirect" title="Aarti">aarti</a> and distributing prasad are similar to other <a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Hindu temples</a>. The followers of Kabir are vegetarians and abstain from alcohol.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESastri200233_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESastri200233-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kabir,_Guru_Nanak_and_the_Guru_Granth_Sahib"><span id="Kabir.2C_Guru_Nanak_and_the_Guru_Granth_Sahib"></span>Kabir, Guru Nanak and the Guru Granth Sahib</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Kabir, Guru Nanak and the Guru Granth Sahib"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nanak_and_Mardana_with_Kabir.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nanak_and_Mardana_with_Kabir.jpg/220px-Nanak_and_Mardana_with_Kabir.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nanak_and_Mardana_with_Kabir.jpg/330px-Nanak_and_Mardana_with_Kabir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nanak_and_Mardana_with_Kabir.jpg/440px-Nanak_and_Mardana_with_Kabir.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2888" data-file-height="4532" /></a><figcaption>Guru Nanak (right) and Bhai Mardana (foreground) with Bhagat Kabir (left). This painting is found in the B-40 <a href="/wiki/Janamsakhis" title="Janamsakhis">Janamsakhi</a>, written and painted in 1733. The painting was made by Alam Chand Raj</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Writers_of_the_Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Writers of the Guru Granth Sahib">Writers of the Guru Granth Sahib</a></div> <p>Kabir's verses were incorporated into <a href="/wiki/Adi_Granth" class="mw-redirect" title="Adi Granth">Adi Granth</a>, the scripture of <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a>, with verses attributed to Kabir constituting the largest non-Sikh contribution.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198447_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198447-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some scholars state Kabir's ideas were one of the many influences<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLeod200319–31_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLeod200319–31-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen1981173–191_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen1981173–191-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on <a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak" title="Guru Nanak">Guru Nanak</a>, who went on to found Sikhism in the fifteenth century. Other Sikh scholars disagree, stating there are differences between the views and practices of Kabir and Nanak.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrewal2010119_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrewal2010119-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGandhi2008174–176_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGandhi2008174–176-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harpreet Singh, quoting Hew McLeod, states, "In its earliest stage Sikhism was clearly a movement within the Hindu tradition; Nanak was raised a Hindu and eventually belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Sant_(religion)" title="Sant (religion)">Sant</a> tradition of northern India, a movement associated with the noted poet and mystic Kabir."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESinghFenech2014205_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESinghFenech2014205-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Surjit Singh Gandhi disagrees, and writes, "Guru Nanak in his thought pattern as well as in action model was fundamentally different from Kabir and for that matter other radical Bhaktas or saints (saint has been erroneously used for such Bhaktas by McLeod). Hence to consider Kabir as an influence on Guru Nanak is wrong, both historically and theologically".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGandhi2008174–176_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGandhi2008174–176-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McLeod places Guru Nanak in the Sant tradition that included Kabir and states that their fundamental doctrines were reproduced by Guru Nanak. JS Grewal contests this view and states that McLeod's approach is limiting in its scope because, "McLeod takes into account only concepts, ignores practices altogether, he concentrates on similarities and ignores all differences".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrewal2010119_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrewal2010119-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Independence_day_celebration_216th_flower_show_2024,_Lalbagh,_Bangalore_161.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Indian_Independence_day_celebration_216th_flower_show_2024%2C_Lalbagh%2C_Bangalore_161.jpg/220px-Indian_Independence_day_celebration_216th_flower_show_2024%2C_Lalbagh%2C_Bangalore_161.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Indian_Independence_day_celebration_216th_flower_show_2024%2C_Lalbagh%2C_Bangalore_161.jpg/330px-Indian_Independence_day_celebration_216th_flower_show_2024%2C_Lalbagh%2C_Bangalore_161.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Indian_Independence_day_celebration_216th_flower_show_2024%2C_Lalbagh%2C_Bangalore_161.jpg/440px-Indian_Independence_day_celebration_216th_flower_show_2024%2C_Lalbagh%2C_Bangalore_161.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="4080" /></a><figcaption>Bust of sant Kabir in Independence day flower show, <a href="/wiki/Lal_Bagh" title="Lal Bagh">Lal Bagh</a>, Bangalore (2024)</figcaption></figure> <p>Neeraj Arya's Kabir Cafe marries Kabir's couplets with contemporary music adding elements of rock, Karnatic, and folk. Popular renderings include 'Halke Gaadi Haanko', Chadariya Jhini and Chor Awega. Kabir Cafe claims that living their lives just as Kabir suggests has led to them experiencing some of these truths and it reflects in their performances.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Noted classical singer, late <a href="/wiki/Kumar_Gandharva" title="Kumar Gandharva">Kumar Gandharva</a>, is well recognized for his renderings of Kabir's poetry.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Documentary filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Shabnam_Virmani" title="Shabnam Virmani">Shabnam Virmani</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/Kabir_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabir Project">Kabir Project</a>, has produced a series of documentaries and books tracing Kabir's philosophy, music and poetry in present-day India and Pakistan. The documentaries feature Indian folk singers such as Prahlad Tipanya, <a href="/wiki/Mukhtiyar_Ali" title="Mukhtiyar Ali">Mukhtiyar Ali</a> and the Pakistani <a href="/wiki/Qawwali" title="Qawwali">Qawwal</a> <a href="/wiki/Fareed_Ayaz" title="Fareed Ayaz">Fareed Ayaz</a>. Kabir festival was organized in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, India in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The album No Stranger Here by <a href="/wiki/Shubha_Mudgal" title="Shubha Mudgal">Shubha Mudgal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ursula_Rucker" title="Ursula Rucker">Ursula Rucker</a> draws heavily from Kabir's poetry. Kabir's poetry has appeared prominently in filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Anand_Gandhi" title="Anand Gandhi">Anand Gandhi</a>'s films <a href="/wiki/Right_Here,_Right_Now_(film)" title="Right Here, Right Now (film)"><i>Right Here Right Now</i></a> (2003) and Continuum. Pakistani Sufi singer <a href="/wiki/Abida_Parveen" title="Abida Parveen">Abida Parveen</a> has sung Kabir in a full album.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A music album titled Kabeera - The Thinker, by Indo-Canadian <a href="/wiki/Vandana_Vishwas" title="Vandana Vishwas">Vandana Vishwas</a> features some of the selected Kundaliyaan and rare poems penned by Kabeer Das in a contemporary musical arrangement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kabir has been criticised for his depiction of women. <a href="/wiki/Nikky-Guninder_Kaur_Singh" title="Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh">Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh</a> states, "Kabir's opinion of women is contemptuous and derogatory".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wendy_Doniger" title="Wendy Doniger">Wendy Doniger</a> concludes Kabir had a <a href="/wiki/Misogyny" title="Misogyny">misogynist</a> bias.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schomer states that for Kabir, woman is "<i>kali nagini</i> (a black cobra), <i>kunda naraka ka</i> (the pit of hell), <i>juthani jagata ki</i> (the refuse of the world)". According to Kabir, a woman prevents man's spiritual progress.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116_69-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>Woman ruins everything when she comes near man;<br /> Devotion, liberation, and divine knowledge no longer enter his soul. </p> </div> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Kabir, Translated by Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116_69-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>In contrast to Singh's interpretation of Kabir's gender views, Dass interprets <i>Rag Asa</i> section of Adi Granth as Kabir asking a young married woman to stop veiling her face, and not to adopt such social habits.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDass1991147–148_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDass1991147–148-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dass adds that Kabir's poetry can be interpreted in two ways, one literally where the woman refers to human female, another allegorically where woman is symbolism for his own soul and <i><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Sikhism" title="Names of God in Sikhism">Rama</a></i> is the Lord-husband.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDass1991322–323_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDass1991322–323-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Films about Kabir: <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhakta_Kabir" title="Bhakta Kabir">Bhakta Kabir</a></i>, a 1942 Indian Hindi-language film</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Kabir_(film)" title="Mahatma Kabir (film)"><i>Mahatma Kabir</i> (film)</a>, a 1947 Indian Kannada-language film</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahathma_Kabir" title="Mahathma Kabir">Mahathma Kabir</a></i>, another Indian-Kannada language film released in 1962</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Santheyalli_Nintha_Kabira" title="Santheyalli Nintha Kabira">Santheyalli Nintha Kabira</a></i>, a 2016 Indian Kannada-language film</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surdas" title="Surdas">Surdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andal" title="Andal">Andal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalidasa" title="Kalidasa">Kalidasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets" title="List of Indian poets">List of Indian poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Machwe_1968-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Machwe_1968_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Machwe_1968_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Machwe_1968_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMachwe1968" class="citation book cs1">Machwe, Prabhakar (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.46892/page/n15/mode/2up"><i>Kabir</i></a>. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. pp. 14–15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kabir&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=14-15&rft.pub=Sahitya+Akademi&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Machwe&rft.aufirst=Prabhakar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.gov.ignca.46892%2Fpage%2Fn15%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeay1931" class="citation book cs1">Keay, F. E. (1931). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.7618/page/n175/mode/2up"><i>Kabir and his followers : the religious life of India</i></a>. Calcutta: Association Press. pp. 164–165.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kabir+and+his+followers+%3A+the+religious+life+of+India&rft.place=Calcutta&rft.pages=164-165&rft.pub=Association+Press&rft.date=1931&rft.aulast=Keay&rft.aufirst=F.+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdli.csl.7618%2Fpage%2Fn175%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannicakabir-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-britannicakabir_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannicakabir_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannicakabir_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Editors_of_Encyclopaedia_Britannica2022" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Kabir-Indian-mystic-and-poet">"Kabir"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kabir&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.date=2022&rft.au=The+Editors+of+Encyclopaedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FKabir-Indian-mystic-and-poet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETinker1990[httpsarchiveorgdetailssouthasiashorthi0000tinkpage75_75]–77_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTinker1990">Tinker 1990</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/southasiashorthi0000tink/page/75">75</a>–77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198447-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198447_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198447_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198447_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcGregor1984">McGregor 1984</a>, p. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHess2015" class="citation book cs1">Hess, Linda (1 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199374168.001.0001"><i>Bodies of Song</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. "Muslim singers in India and Pakistan still sing Kabir’s verses in Sufi musical styles, " p. 8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199374168.001.0001">10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199374168.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-937416-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-937416-8"><bdi>978-0-19-937416-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bodies+of+Song&rft.pages=%22Muslim+singers+in+India+and+Pakistan+still+sing+Kabir%E2%80%99s+verses+in+Sufi+musical+styles%2C+%22+p.+8&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199374168.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-937416-8&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199374168.001.0001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHenderson_Garcia200270–71-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHenderson_Garcia200270–71_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHenderson_Garcia2002">Henderson Garcia 2002</a>, pp. 70–71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessSingh2002">Hess & Singh 2002</a>, p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen1987281–302-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen1987281–302_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzen1987">Lorenzen 1987</a>, pp. 281–302.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen199112–18-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen199112–18_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzen1991">Lorenzen 1991</a>, pp. 12–18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDass199114-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDass199114_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDass1991">Dass 1991</a>, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh2002-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh2002_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessSingh2002">Hess & Singh 2002</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDass19915-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDass19915_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDass1991">Dass 1991</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lorenzen06-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lorenzen06_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorenzen2006" class="citation book cs1">Lorenzen, David N. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SO-YmMWpcVEC"><i>Who invented Hinduism?: essays on religion in history</i></a>. New Delhi: Yoda Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8190227262" title="Special:BookSources/8190227262"><bdi>8190227262</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who+invented+Hinduism%3F%3A+essays+on+religion+in+history&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=Yoda+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=8190227262&rft.aulast=Lorenzen&rft.aufirst=David+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSO-YmMWpcVEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDass1991106-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDass1991106_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDass1991">Dass 1991</a>, p. 106.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKabirAhmad_Shah1917" class="citation book cs1">Kabir, 15th cent; Ahmad Shah (1917). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bijakofkabirtran00kabiuoft/page/3/mode/1up"><i>The Bijak of Kabir; translated into English</i></a>. Robarts - University of Toronto. Hamirpur, U.P.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bijak+of+Kabir%3B+translated+into+English&rft.pub=Hamirpur%2C+U.P&rft.date=1917&rft.aulast=Kabir&rft.aufirst=15th+cent&rft.au=Ahmad+Shah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbijakofkabirtran00kabiuoft%2Fpage%2F3%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen19917-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen19917_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzen1991">Lorenzen 1991</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPande201077-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPande201077_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPande2010">Pande 2010</a>, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198443–44-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGregor198443–44_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcGregor1984">McGregor 1984</a>, pp. 43–44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERizvi1983412"The_author_of_the_''Dabistan-i_Mazahib''_placed_Kabir_against_the_background_of_the_legends_of_the_Vaishnavite_''vairagis''_(mendicants)_with_whom_he_was_identified,_but_a_contemporary_of_his,_Shaikh_'Abdu'r-Rahman_Chisti,_combined_both_the_''Bairagi''_and_the_''muwwahid''_traditions_about_Kabir_in_his_''Mir'atu'l-asrar''_and_also_made_him_a_Firdaussiya_Sufi."-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERizvi1983412"The_author_of_the_''Dabistan-i_Mazahib''_placed_Kabir_against_the_background_of_the_legends_of_the_Vaishnavite_''vairagis''_(mendicants)_with_whom_he_was_identified,_but_a_contemporary_of_his,_Shaikh_'Abdu'r-Rahman_Chisti,_combined_both_the_''Bairagi''_and_the_''muwwahid''_traditions_about_Kabir_in_his_''Mir'atu'l-asrar''_and_also_made_him_a_Firdaussiya_Sufi."_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRizvi1983">Rizvi (1983)</a>, p. 412, "The author of the <i>Dabistan-i Mazahib</i> placed Kabir against the background of the legends of the Vaishnavite <i>vairagis</i> (mendicants) with whom he was identified, but a contemporary of his, Shaikh 'Abdu'r-Rahman Chisti, combined both the <i>Bairagi</i> and the <i>muwwahid</i> traditions about Kabir in his <i>Mir'atu'l-asrar</i> and also made him a Firdaussiya Sufi.".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ihabib-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ihabib_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIrfan_Habib2001" class="citation journal cs1">Irfan Habib (2001). "A Fragmentary Exploration of an Indian Text on Religions and Sects: Notes on the Earlier Version of the Dabistan-i-Mazahib". <i>Proceedings of the Indian History Congress</i>. <b>61</b>: 479–480. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44148125">44148125</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Indian+History+Congress&rft.atitle=A+Fragmentary+Exploration+of+an+Indian+Text+on+Religions+and+Sects%3A+Notes+on+the+Earlier+Version+of+the+Dabistan-i-Mazahib&rft.volume=61&rft.pages=479-480&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F44148125%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Irfan+Habib&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987291-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987291_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, p. 291.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kabirchaura.com/math/math11.htm">"Jab Mein Tha Tab Hari Nahin' Ab"</a>. Kabirchaura.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jab+Mein+Tha+Tab+Hari+Nahin%27+Ab&rft.pub=Kabirchaura.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kabirchaura.com%2Fmath%2Fmath11.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScudiere" class="citation web cs1">Scudiere, Todd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crl.edu/focus/article/510">"Rare Literary Gems: The Works of Kabir and Premchand at hiCRL"</a>. <i>South Asian Studies, Spring 2005 Vol. 24, Num. 3</i>. Center for Research Libraries.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Asian+Studies%2C+Spring+2005+Vol.+24%2C+Num.+3&rft.atitle=Rare+Literary+Gems%3A+The+Works+of+Kabir+and+Premchand+at+hiCRL&rft.aulast=Scudiere&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crl.edu%2Ffocus%2Farticle%2F510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPankaj2018" class="citation book cs1">Pankaj, Ashok. K. (2018). <i>Dalits, Subalternity and Social Change in India</i>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780429785184" title="Special:BookSources/9780429785184"><bdi>9780429785184</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dalits%2C+Subalternity+and+Social+Change+in+India&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9780429785184&rft.aulast=Pankaj&rft.aufirst=Ashok.+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024–6-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20024–6_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessSingh2002">Hess & Singh 2002</a>, pp. 4–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESastri200224-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESastri200224_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSastri2002">Sastri 2002</a>, p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[httpsarchiveorgstreamonehundredpoemso00kabiuoftpage14mode2up_15]XV-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[httpsarchiveorgstreamonehundredpoemso00kabiuoftpage14mode2up_15]XV_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKabir1915">Kabir 1915</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/onehundredpoemso00kabiuoft#page/14/mode/2up">15</a>, XV.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKumar198448-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKumar198448_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKumar1984">Kumar 1984</a>, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen199118–19-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen199118–19_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzen1991">Lorenzen 1991</a>, pp. 18–19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClasse2000746-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClasse2000746_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClasse2000746_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClasse2000">Classe 2000</a>, p. 746.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestcott1907" class="citation book cs1">Westcott, G. H. (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/kabirandthekabir020544mbp"><i>Kabir and the kabir panth</i></a>. ---, ----, Surekha Ingwale. Christ church mission press.- Cawnpore.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kabir+and+the+kabir+panth.&rft.pub=Christ+church+mission+press.-+Cawnpore&rft.date=1907&rft.aulast=Westcott&rft.aufirst=G.+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkabirandthekabir020544mbp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClasse2000745–747-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClasse2000745–747_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClasse2000745–747_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClasse2000745–747_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClasse2000">Classe 2000</a>, pp. 745–747.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–179-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–179_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, pp. 167–179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20026-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20026_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessSingh2002">Hess & Singh 2002</a>, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–169-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–169_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987167–169_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, pp. 167–169.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKabir1915">Kabir 1915</a>, p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (February 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987173-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987173_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, p. 173: The authentic poems are poems 15, 32, 34, 35, 69 and 94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987172-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987172_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, p. 172.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987168,_178–179-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987168,_178–179_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, pp. 168, 178–179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20025-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20025_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessSingh2002">Hess & Singh 2002</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20025–6-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh20025–6_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessSingh2002">Hess & Singh 2002</a>, pp. 5–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201227–28-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201227–28_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzenMuñoz2012">Lorenzen & Muñoz 2012</a>, pp. 27–28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198723-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198723_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201235-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201235_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201235_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzenMuñoz2012">Lorenzen & Muñoz 2012</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh200246-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh200246_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessSingh2002">Hess & Singh 2002</a>, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHessSingh200245-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHessSingh200245_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHessSingh2002">Hess & Singh 2002</a>, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoniger2010484-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoniger2010484_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDoniger2010">Doniger 2010</a>, p. 484.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[httpsarchiveorgstreamonehundredpoemso00kabiuoftpage72mode2up_72]LXIX-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabir1915[httpsarchiveorgstreamonehundredpoemso00kabiuoftpage72mode2up_72]LXIX_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKabir1915">Kabir 1915</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/onehundredpoemso00kabiuoft#page/72/mode/2up">72</a>, LXIX.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198726-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198726_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, pp. 26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198727–33-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod198727–33_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, pp. 27–33with footnotes</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201248-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzenMuñoz201248_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzenMuñoz2012">Lorenzen & Muñoz 2012</a>, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987177–178-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchomerMcLeod1987177–178_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, pp. 177–178with footnote 26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELarson1995116-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarson1995116_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLarson1995">Larson 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href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen19915–6_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzen1991">Lorenzen 1991</a>, pp. 5–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen199116–35-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen199116–35_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzen1991">Lorenzen 1991</a>, pp. 16–35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabir2004[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabir2004[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKabir2004">Kabir 2004</a>, p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (February 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKleinzahler2011" class="citation news cs1">Kleinzahler, August (27 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/29/books/review/book-review-songs-of-kabir-by-translated-by-arvind-krishna-mehrotra.html">"Rebirth of a Poet"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rebirth+of+a+Poet&rft.date=2011-05-27&rft.aulast=Kleinzahler&rft.aufirst=August&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F05%2F29%2Fbooks%2Freview%2Fbook-review-songs-of-kabir-by-translated-by-arvind-krishna-mehrotra.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrewal2010119-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrewal2010119_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrewal2010119_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrewal2010119_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrewal2010">Grewal 2010</a>, p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFriedlander2010[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFriedlander2010[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_February_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(February_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFriedlander2010">Friedlander 2010</a>, p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (February 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWestcott20062-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWestcott20062_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWestcott2006">Westcott 2006</a>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESastri200233-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESastri200233_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSastri2002">Sastri 2002</a>, p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLeod200319–31-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLeod200319–31_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcLeod2003">McLeod 2003</a>, pp. 19–31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen1981173–191-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen1981173–191_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzen1981">Lorenzen 1981</a>, pp. 173–191.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGandhi2008174–176-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGandhi2008174–176_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGandhi2008174–176_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGandhi2008">Gandhi 2008</a>, pp. 174–176.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116_69-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116_69-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaur_Singh1993114–116_69-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKaur_Singh1993">Kaur Singh 1993</a>, pp. 114–116.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESinghFenech2014205-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESinghFenech2014205_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSinghFenech2014">Singh & Fenech 2014</a>, p. 205.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/our-band-s-first-member-is-kabir-neeraj-arya-s-kabir-cafe/story-MSBwRyh0z9kAPtk1bMvEOL.html">"Our band's first member is Kabir: Neeraj Arya's Kabir Café"</a>. <i>Hindustan Times</i>. 17 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Our+band%27s+first+member+is+Kabir%3A+Neeraj+Arya%27s+Kabir+Caf%C3%A9&rft.date=2017-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fentertainment%2Four-band-s-first-member-is-kabir-neeraj-arya-s-kabir-cafe%2Fstory-MSBwRyh0z9kAPtk1bMvEOL.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJha2020" class="citation web cs1">Jha, Fiza (8 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theprint.in/feature/kumar-gandharva-the-musical-prodigy-inspired-by-his-battle-with-tuberculosis-kabir/397238/">"Kumar Gandharva, the musical prodigy inspired by his battle with tuberculosis & Kabir"</a>. <i>ThePrint</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ThePrint&rft.atitle=Kumar+Gandharva%2C+the+musical+prodigy+inspired+by+his+battle+with+tuberculosis+%26+Kabir&rft.date=2020-04-08&rft.aulast=Jha&rft.aufirst=Fiza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheprint.in%2Ffeature%2Fkumar-gandharva-the-musical-prodigy-inspired-by-his-battle-with-tuberculosis-kabir%2F397238%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.festivalsofindia.in/Kabir_Festival/">"Kabir Festival 2017"</a>. <i>Festivals of India</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Festivals+of+India&rft.atitle=Kabir+Festival+2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.festivalsofindia.in%2FKabir_Festival%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180712092923/https://www.sahapedia.org/kabir-festival-mumbai-2017">"Kabir Festival Mumbai 2017"</a>. <i>Sahapedia.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sahapedia.org/kabir-festival-mumbai-2017">the original</a> on 12 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sahapedia.org&rft.atitle=Kabir+Festival+Mumbai+2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sahapedia.org%2Fkabir-festival-mumbai-2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDass1991147–148-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDass1991147–148_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDass1991">Dass 1991</a>, pp. 147–148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDass1991322–323-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDass1991322–323_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDass1991">Dass 1991</a>, pp. 322–323.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCallewaert1978" class="citation book cs1">Callewaert, Winand M. (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RhhlAAAAMAAJ"><i>The Sarvāṅgī of the Dādūpanthī Rajab</i></a>. Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta. Vol. 4. Oriëntalistiek Kathol. Univ. p. 274. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-70192-01-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-70192-01-3"><bdi>978-90-70192-01-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1067271731">1067271731</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sarv%C4%81%E1%B9%85g%C4%AB+of+the+D%C4%81d%C5%ABpanth%C4%AB+Rajab&rft.series=Orientalia+Lovaniensia+analecta&rft.pages=274&rft.pub=Ori%C3%ABntalistiek+Kathol.+Univ.&rft.date=1978&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1067271731&rft.isbn=978-90-70192-01-3&rft.aulast=Callewaert&rft.aufirst=Winand+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRhhlAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClasse2000" class="citation book cs1">Classe, Olive (2000). Classe, Olive (ed.). <i>Encyclopedia of Literary Translation into English</i>. Vol. A–L. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4324%2F9780203825501">10.4324/9780203825501</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-203-82550-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-203-82550-1"><bdi>978-0-203-82550-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Literary+Translation+into+English&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4324%2F9780203825501&rft.isbn=978-0-203-82550-1&rft.aulast=Classe&rft.aufirst=Olive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDas1996" class="citation book cs1">Das, G. N. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006269083"><i>Mystic songs of Kabir</i></a>. Songs.English & Hindi.Selections. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788170173380" title="Special:BookSources/9788170173380"><bdi>9788170173380</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/36291947">36291947</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mystic+songs+of+Kabir&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.series=Songs.English+%26+Hindi.Selections&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F36291947&rft.isbn=9788170173380&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=G.+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalog.hathitrust.org%2FRecord%2F006269083&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDass1991" class="citation book cs1">Dass, Nirmal (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Xd5R1is-mUUC"><i>Songs of Kabir from the Adi Granth</i></a>. Albany, NY: SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0791405605" title="Special:BookSources/0791405605"><bdi>0791405605</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Songs+of+Kabir+from+the+Adi+Granth&rft.place=Albany%2C+NY&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0791405605&rft.aulast=Dass&rft.aufirst=Nirmal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXd5R1is-mUUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoniger2010" class="citation book cs1">Doniger, Wendy (2010). <i>The Hindus: an alternative history</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-959334-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-959334-7"><bdi>978-0-19-959334-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/698575971">698575971</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hindus%3A+an+alternative+history&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F698575971&rft.isbn=978-0-19-959334-7&rft.aulast=Doniger&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedlander2010" class="citation journal cs1">Friedlander, Peter (5 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/handle/1885/30271">"Ritual and reform in the Kabir Panth"</a>. <i>Crises and Opportunities: Past, Present and Future. Proceedings of the 18th Biennial Conference of the ASAA</i>. Asian Studies Association of Australia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780725811365" title="Special:BookSources/9780725811365"><bdi>9780725811365</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crises+and+Opportunities%3A+Past%2C+Present+and+Future.+Proceedings+of+the+18th+Biennial+Conference+of+the+ASAA&rft.atitle=Ritual+and+reform+in+the+Kabir+Panth&rft.date=2010-07-05&rft.isbn=9780725811365&rft.aulast=Friedlander&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenresearch-repository.anu.edu.au%2Fhandle%2F1885%2F30271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGandhi2008" class="citation book cs1">Gandhi, Surjit Singh (2008). <i>History of Sikh Gurus Retold: 1469-1606 C.E</i>. English: Atlantic Publishers & Distributors Pvt Ltd. pp. 174 to 176. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8126908578" title="Special:BookSources/978-8126908578"><bdi>978-8126908578</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Sikh+Gurus+Retold%3A+1469-1606+C.E&rft.place=English&rft.pages=174+to+176&rft.pub=Atlantic+Publishers+%26+Distributors+Pvt+Ltd&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-8126908578&rft.aulast=Gandhi&rft.aufirst=Surjit+Singh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrewal2010" class="citation journal cs1">Grewal, J. S. (2010). Mann, Gurinder S. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://punjab.global.ucsb.edu/sites/secure.lsit.ucsb.edu.gisp.d7_sp/files/sitefiles/journals/volume17/JPS_17_nos_1-2_Grewal.pdf">"WH McLeod and Sikh Studies"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Punjab Studies</i>. <b>17</b>: 119.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Punjab+Studies&rft.atitle=WH+McLeod+and+Sikh+Studies&rft.volume=17&rft.pages=119&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Grewal&rft.aufirst=J.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpunjab.global.ucsb.edu%2Fsites%2Fsecure.lsit.ucsb.edu.gisp.d7_sp%2Ffiles%2Fsitefiles%2Fjournals%2Fvolume17%2FJPS_17_nos_1-2_Grewal.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenderson_Garcia2002" class="citation book cs1">Henderson Garcia, Carol E. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CaRVePXX6vEC&pg=PA70"><i>Culture and Customs of India</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-30513-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-30513-9"><bdi>978-0-313-30513-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Culture+and+Customs+of+India&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-313-30513-9&rft.aulast=Henderson+Garcia&rft.aufirst=Carol+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCaRVePXX6vEC%26pg%3DPA70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHessSingh2002" class="citation book cs1">Hess, Linda; Singh, Shukdev (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LcEk-YKwkaoC"><i>The Bijak of Kabir</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8120802162" title="Special:BookSources/978-8120802162"><bdi>978-8120802162</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bijak+of+Kabir&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-8120802162&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.au=Singh%2C+Shukdev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLcEk-YKwkaoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKabir1915" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Kabir</a> (1915). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/onehundredpoemso00kabiuoft"><i>One hundred poems of Kabir</i></a>. Translated by Tagore, Rabindranath; Underhill, Evelyn. University of Toronto. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/667616699">667616699</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=One+hundred+poems+of+Kabir&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto&rft.date=1915&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F667616699&rft.au=Kabir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fonehundredpoemso00kabiuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKabir2004" class="citation book cs1">Kabir (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/6519"><i>Songs of Kabir</i></a>. Translated by Tagore, Rabindranath – via Gutenberg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Songs+of+Kabir&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Kabir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Febooks%2F6519&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaur_Singh1993" class="citation book cs1">Kaur Singh, Nikky-Guninder (24 September 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eUJICz55HFMC"><i>The Feminine Principle in the Sikh Vision of the Transcendent</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-43287-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-43287-0"><bdi>978-0-521-43287-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Feminine+Principle+in+the+Sikh+Vision+of+the+Transcendent&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1993-09-24&rft.isbn=978-0-521-43287-0&rft.aulast=Kaur+Singh&rft.aufirst=Nikky-Guninder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeUJICz55HFMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumar1984" class="citation book cs1">Kumar, Sehdev (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yTlrwgEACAAJ"><i>The Vision of Kabir: Love Poems of a 15th Century Weaver-sage</i></a>. Alpha & Omega.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Vision+of+Kabir%3A+Love+Poems+of+a+15th+Century+Weaver-sage&rft.pub=Alpha+%26+Omega&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Sehdev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyTlrwgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarson1995" class="citation book cs1">Larson, Gerald James (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wIOSb97ph3EC&pg=PA116"><i>India's Agony Over Religion</i></a>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0791424111" title="Special:BookSources/0791424111"><bdi>0791424111</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/30544951">30544951</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%27s+Agony+Over+Religion&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F30544951&rft.isbn=0791424111&rft.aulast=Larson&rft.aufirst=Gerald+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwIOSb97ph3EC%26pg%3DPA116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorenzen1981" class="citation book cs1">Lorenzen, David N. 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Colegio de México. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-968-12-0108-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-968-12-0108-1"><bdi>978-968-12-0108-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religious+Change+and+Cultural+Domination%3A+XXX+International+Congress+of+Human+Sciences+in+Asia+and+North+Africa&rft.pub=Colegio+de+M%C3%A9xico&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-968-12-0108-1&rft.aulast=Lorenzen&rft.aufirst=David+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgfEnAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorenzen1987" class="citation book cs1">Lorenzen, David (1987). Schomer, Karine; McLeod, W. H. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OkKhOivXrhgC"><i>The Sants: Studies in a Devotional Tradition of India</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0277-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0277-3"><bdi>978-81-208-0277-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sants%3A+Studies+in+a+Devotional+Tradition+of+India&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass+Publ.&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0277-3&rft.aulast=Lorenzen&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOkKhOivXrhgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorenzen1991" class="citation book cs1">Lorenzen, David N. (1 January 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UpRd0ItngtIC"><i>Kabir Legends and Ananta-Das's Kabir Parachai</i></a>. Translated by Kumar, Jadgish; Thukral, Uma. Albany: SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-0461-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-0461-4"><bdi>978-0-7914-0461-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kabir+Legends+and+Ananta-Das%27s+Kabir+Parachai&rft.place=Albany&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1991-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-0461-4&rft.aulast=Lorenzen&rft.aufirst=David+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUpRd0ItngtIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorenzenMuñoz2012" class="citation book cs1">Lorenzen, David N; Muñoz, Adrián (2012). <i>Yogi Heroes and Poets: Histories and Legends of the Naths</i>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-3890-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-3890-0"><bdi>978-1-4384-3890-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/806495567">806495567</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yogi+Heroes+and+Poets%3A+Histories+and+Legends+of+the+Naths&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F806495567&rft.isbn=978-1-4384-3890-0&rft.aulast=Lorenzen&rft.aufirst=David+N&rft.au=Mu%C3%B1oz%2C+Adri%C3%A1n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGregor1984" class="citation book cs1">McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QfmAAAAAIAAJ"><i>Hindi Literature from Its Beginnings to the Nineteenth Century</i></a>. Harrassowitz. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-447-02413-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-447-02413-6"><bdi>978-3-447-02413-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/11445402">11445402</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hindi+Literature+from+Its+Beginnings+to+the+Nineteenth+Century&rft.pub=Harrassowitz&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F11445402&rft.isbn=978-3-447-02413-6&rft.aulast=McGregor&rft.aufirst=Ronald+Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQfmAAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLeod2003" class="citation book cs1">McLeod, W. 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Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-565856-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-565856-9"><bdi>978-0-19-565856-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Exploring+Sikhism%3A+Aspects+of+Sikh+Identity%2C+Culture+and+Thought&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-19-565856-9&rft.aulast=McLeod&rft.aufirst=W.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYJE5zQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPande2010" class="citation book cs1">Pande, Rekha (2010). <i>Divine Sounds from the Heart-Singing Unfettered in their Own Voices</i>. Cambridge Scholars. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4438-2525-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4438-2525-2"><bdi>978-1-4438-2525-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/827209160">827209160</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Divine+Sounds+from+the+Heart-Singing+Unfettered+in+their+Own+Voices&rft.pub=Cambridge+Scholars&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F827209160&rft.isbn=978-1-4438-2525-2&rft.aulast=Pande&rft.aufirst=Rekha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRizvi1983" class="citation book cs1">Rizvi, Saiyid Athar Abbas (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/79480628"><i>History of Sufism in India. Vol. 2</i></a>. Munshiram Manoharlal. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/79480628">79480628</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Sufism+in+India.+Vol.+2&rft.pub=Munshiram+Manoharlal&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F79480628&rft.aulast=Rizvi&rft.aufirst=Saiyid+Athar+Abbas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F79480628&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSastri2002" class="citation book cs1">Sastri, Hari Prasad (2002). "Kalidasa". <i>The great authors and poets of India</i>. New Delhi: Crest Publishing House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-124-20241-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-124-20241-8"><bdi>978-8-124-20241-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kalidasa&rft.btitle=The+great+authors+and+poets+of+India&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=Crest+Publishing+House&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-8-124-20241-8&rft.aulast=Sastri&rft.aufirst=Hari+Prasad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987" class="citation book cs1">Schomer, Karine; McLeod, William Hewat (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OkKhOivXrhgC"><i>The Sants: Studies in a Devotional Tradition of India</i></a>. Berkeley Religious Studies Series. Motilal Banarsidass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0277-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0277-3"><bdi>978-81-208-0277-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/925707272">925707272</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sants%3A+Studies+in+a+Devotional+Tradition+of+India&rft.series=Berkeley+Religious+Studies+Series&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F925707272&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0277-3&rft.aulast=Schomer&rft.aufirst=Karine&rft.au=McLeod%2C+William+Hewat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOkKhOivXrhgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinghFenech2014" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Pashaura; Fenech, Louis E. (March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8I0NAwAAQBAJ"><i>The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies</i></a>. OUP Oxford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-969930-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-969930-8"><bdi>978-0-19-969930-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Sikh+Studies&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2014-03&rft.isbn=978-0-19-969930-8&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Pashaura&rft.au=Fenech%2C+Louis+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8I0NAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTinker1990" class="citation book cs1">Tinker, Hugh (1990). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/southasiashorthi0000tink"><i>South Asia: A Short History</i></a></span>. University of Hawaii Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-1287-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-1287-4"><bdi>978-0-8248-1287-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=South+Asia%3A+A+Short+History&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-1287-4&rft.aulast=Tinker&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsouthasiashorthi0000tink&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestcott2006" class="citation book cs1">Westcott, G. H. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FJoX5-hTmVgC"><i>Kabir and the Kabir Panth</i></a>. Read Books. p. 2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4067-1271-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-4067-1271-X"><bdi>1-4067-1271-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kabir+and+the+Kabir+Panth&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Read+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-4067-1271-X&rft.aulast=Westcott&rft.aufirst=G.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFJoX5-hTmVgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.searchgurbani.com/guru-granth-sahib/author/bhagat-kabir"><i>Bhagat Kabir Hymns in Guru Granth Sahib</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bhagat+Kabir+Hymns+in+Guru+Granth+Sahib&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.searchgurbani.com%2Fguru-granth-sahib%2Fauthor%2Fbhagat-kabir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDas1992" class="citation book cs1">Das, G. N., ed. (1992). <i>Love songs of Kabir</i>. Foreword by K.S. Duggal. Sittingbourne: Asia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-948724-33-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-948724-33-6"><bdi>978-0-948724-33-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Love+songs+of+Kabir&rft.place=Sittingbourne&rft.pub=Asia&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-948724-33-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Dharwadker, Vinay (2003), <i>Kabir: Weaver's Songs.</i> Penguin Classics, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0143029687" title="Special:BookSources/978-0143029687">978-0143029687</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKabir2007" class="citation book cs1">Kabir (15 April 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=brJKEAAAQBAJ"><i>Kabir: Ecstatic Poems</i></a>. Translated by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly">Bly, Robert</a> (2nd ed.). Beacon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8070-6380-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8070-6380-4"><bdi>978-0-8070-6380-4</bdi></a>. <q>Bly writes on page xix, "My version is Rabindranath Tagore's translation rephrased into more contemporary language."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kabir%3A+Ecstatic+Poems&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Beacon+Press&rft.date=2007-04-15&rft.isbn=978-0-8070-6380-4&rft.au=Kabir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbrJKEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKabirMasterman2020" class="citation book cs1">Kabir; Masterman, David (5 June 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TG-TzQEACAAJ"><i>Kabir Says</i></a>. Translated by <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Tagore, Rabindranath</a>. Three Pigeons Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8-6501-4828-9" title="Special:BookSources/979-8-6501-4828-9"><bdi>979-8-6501-4828-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kabir+Says&rft.pub=Three+Pigeons+Publishing&rft.date=2020-06-05&rft.isbn=979-8-6501-4828-9&rft.au=Kabir&rft.au=Masterman%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTG-TzQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrnad2013" class="citation book cs1">Strnad, Jaroslav (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=clUCLcIKXO4C&pg=PA10"><i>Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī: Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr vānī Poems from Rājasthān</i></a>. BRILL Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-25489-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-25489-3"><bdi>978-90-04-25489-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Morphology+and+Syntax+of+Old+Hind%C4%AB%3A+Edition+and+Analysis+of+One+Hundred+Kab%C4%ABr+v%C4%81n%C4%AB+Poems+from+R%C4%81jasth%C4%81n&rft.pub=BRILL+Academic&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-90-04-25489-3&rft.aulast=Strnad&rft.aufirst=Jaroslav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DclUCLcIKXO4C%26pg%3DPA10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKabir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Vaudeville, Charlotte (1957), Kabîr Granthâvalî : (Doha), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/459472759">459472759</a> (French); English: Kabir, Vol. 1, Oxford University Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0198265269" title="Special:BookSources/978-0198265269">978-0198265269</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32447240">32447240</a></li> <li>Vaudeville, Charlotte (1993), <i>A Weaver Named Kabir: Selected Verses with a Biographical and Historical Introduction</i>, Oxford University Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195630787" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195630787">978-0195630787</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabir&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Kabir" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Kabir">Kabir</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Kabir" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Kabir">Kabir</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kabir" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kabir">Kabir</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/25970">Works by Kabir</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Kabir%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Kabir%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Kabir%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Kabir%22%29%20OR%20%28%221398-1518%22%20AND%20Kabir%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Kabir</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/917">Works by Kabir</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bijakofkabirtran00kabiuoft">The Bijak of Kabir</a>, Ahmad Shah Translation of the Entire Text (1917)</li> <li><a href="//archive.org/details/AnuragSagarOfKabir" class="extiw" title="iarchive:AnuragSagarOfKabir">The Ocean of Love Anurag Sagar of Kabir</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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href="/wiki/Sant_Mat" title="Sant Mat">Sant Mat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fariduddin_Ganjshakar" class="mw-redirect" title="Fariduddin Ganjshakar">Fariduddin Ganjshakar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kabir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kabir_panth" title="Kabir panth">Kabir panth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mira_Bai" class="mw-redirect" title="Mira Bai">Mira Bai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak" title="Guru Nanak">Nanak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sects_of_Sikhism" title="Sects of Sikhism">Sects of Sikhism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ravidassia" title="Ravidassia">Ravidassia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadh" title="Sadh">Sadh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surdas" title="Surdas">Surdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukaram" title="Tukaram">Tukaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Sant_Mat_movements" title="Contemporary Sant Mat movements">Contemporary <br />movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advait_Mat" title="Advait Mat">Advait Mat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Soami" title="Radha Soami">Radha Soami</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Soami_Satsang_Beas" title="Radha Soami Satsang Beas">Radha Soami Satsang Beas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Soami_Satsang_Sabha" title="Radha Soami Satsang Sabha">Radha Soami Satsang Dayalbagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Swami_Satsang,_Dinod" title="Radha Swami Satsang, Dinod">Radha Swami Satsang Dinod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirpal_Singh#Ruhani_Satsang" title="Kirpal Singh">Ruhani Satsang</a></li></ul></li> <li>Radhasoami-influenced <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Teachings_of_the_Masters" title="Ancient Teachings of the Masters">Ancient Teachings of the Masters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dera_Sacha_Sauda" title="Dera Sacha Sauda">Dera Sacha Sauda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckankar" title="Eckankar">Eckankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elan_Vital_(organization)" title="Elan Vital (organization)">Elan Vital</a> (<a href="/wiki/Divine_Light_Mission" title="Divine Light Mission">Divine Light Mission</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manavta_Mandir" title="Manavta Mandir">Manavta Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_of_Spiritual_Inner_Awareness" title="Movement of Spiritual Inner Awareness">Movement of Spiritual Inner Awareness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_of_Spirituality" title="Science of Spirituality">Science of Spirituality</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sawan_Kirpal_Ruhani_Mission" title="Sawan Kirpal Ruhani Mission">Sawan Kirpal Ruhani Mission</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gurus_of_Shabdism" title="Gurus of Shabdism">Contemporary<br />gurus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Dayal_Singh" title="Shiv Dayal Singh">Shiv Dayal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salig_Ram" title="Salig Ram">Salig Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaimal_Singh" title="Jaimal Singh">Jaimal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharaj_Sahab" title="Maharaj Sahab">Maharaj Sahab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Shiv_Brat_Lal" title="Maharishi Shiv Brat Lal">Maharishi Shiv Brat Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advaitanand_Ji" title="Advaitanand Ji">Advaitanand Ji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawan_Singh" title="Sawan Singh">Sawan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamta_Prasad_Sinha" title="Kamta Prasad Sinha">Kamta Prasad Sinha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anand_Swarup" title="Anand Swarup">Anand Swarup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehi" title="Mehi">Mehi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirpal_Singh" title="Kirpal Singh">Kirpal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagat_Singh_(Sant)" title="Jagat Singh (Sant)">Jagat Singh (Sant)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurcharan_Das_Mehta" title="Gurcharan Das Mehta">Gurcharan Das Mehta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charan_Singh_(Sant)" title="Charan Singh (Sant)">Charan Singh (Sant)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makund_Behari_Lal" title="Makund Behari Lal">Makund Behari Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurinder_Singh" title="Gurinder Singh">Gurinder Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prem_Saran_Satsangi" title="Prem Saran Satsangi">Prem Saran Satsangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanwar_Saheb" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanwar Saheb">Kanwar Saheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajinder_Singh_(Sant_Mat)" 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title="Namdev">Namdev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Beni" title="Bhagat Beni">Bhagat Beni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Bhikhan" title="Bhagat Bhikhan">Bhagat Bhikhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Dhanna" title="Bhagat Dhanna">Bhagat Dhanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayadeva" title="Jayadeva">Jayadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Parmanand" title="Bhagat Parmanand">Bhagat Parmanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Pipa" title="Bhagat Pipa">Bhagat Pipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Sadhana" title="Bhagat Sadhana">Bhagat Sadhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Sain" title="Bhagat Sain">Bhagat Sain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surdas" title="Surdas">Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Trilochan" title="Bhagat Trilochan">Bhagat Trilochan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak" title="Guru Nanak">Guru Nanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Angad" title="Guru Angad">Guru Angad</a></li> 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pluralism">Category:Religious pluralism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belief_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Belief system">Belief system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_religion" title="Comparative religion">Comparative religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_theology" title="Comparative theology">Comparative theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogma" title="Dogma">Dogmatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_religious_pluralism" title="History of religious pluralism">History of religious pluralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclusivism" title="Inclusivism">Inclusivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indifferentism" title="Indifferentism">Indifferentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interfaith_dialogue" title="Interfaith dialogue">Interfaith dialogue</a></li> 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of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_pluralism" title="Religious pluralism">Religious pluralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_syncretism" title="Religious syncretism">Religious syncretism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_but_not_religious" title="Spiritual but not religious">Spiritual but not religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">Syncretism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toleration" title="Toleration">Toleration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universalism" title="Universalism">Universalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Persons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eknath_Easwaran" title="Eknath Easwaran">Eknath Easwaran</a></li> <li><a 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Knitter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Christianity" title="Buddhism and Christianity">Buddhism and Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Hinduism" title="Buddhism and Hinduism">Buddhism and Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_teachings" title="Three teachings">Three teachings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Philosophy" title="Portal:Philosophy">Philosophy portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000068792885">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/262355054">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1827751/">FAST</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1485807/">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118559028">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50042554">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11909290c">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11909290c">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00889459">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35256564">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kup20030000045811&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX984769">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/130955">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069815275">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90354537">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000114878&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=96722">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199614295">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/nl025r965m4q9pb">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810696134305606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007263483705171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058525913406706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0243921X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/884835">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118559028.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118559028">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026943824">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6jd5z1v">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/kebir--hindistan">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kabir&oldid=1259803757">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kabir&oldid=1259803757</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_Bhagats" title="Category:Sikh Bhagats">Sikh Bhagats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1440_births" title="Category:1440 births">1440 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1518_deaths" title="Category:1518 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