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You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>Možete vidjeti i kopirati izvorni kôd ove stranice. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="bs" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">== Vrste krugova == Krugovi i komponente se mogu podijeliti u dvije grupe: analogni i digitalni. Određeni uređaji se mogu sastojati od krugova koja imaju jednu, drugu ili mješavinu dviju vrsta. === Analogni krugovi === {{Glavni|Analogna elektronika}} [[Datoteka:HitachiJ100A.jpg|right|thumb|Hitachi J100 frekvencijski ispravljač]] Većina [[analogni signal|analognih]] elektroničkih uređaja, kao što su [[radio]]-prijemnici, su izgrađeni od kombinacije nekoliko osnovnih vrsta krugova. [[Analogni krug]]ovi koriste kontinuirani raspon napona ili struje za razliku od diskretnih nivoa kao u digitalnim krugovima. Do sada je razvijen ogroman broj različitih analognih krugova, pogotovo zato što se 'krug' može definisati kao bilo šta od jedne komponente do sistema koji sadrži hiljade komponenti. Analogni krugovi se ponekad nazivaju [[linearni krug|linearnim krugovima]], iako se mnogi nelinearni efekti koriste u analognim krugovima kao što su mikseri, modulatori, itd. Dobri primjeri analognih krugova uključuju vakuumske cijevi i tranzistorske pojačivače, operacijske pojačivače i oscilatore. Rijetko se mogu pronaći moderni krugovi koji su u potpunosti analogni. U današnjici analogni krugovi mogu koristiti digitalne ili čak mikroprocesorske tehnike za poboljšanje performansi. Ove vrste krugova se obično nazivaju "krugovi mješovitih signala" umjesto samo analogni ili digitalni. Ponekad je teško razlikovati analogne i digitalne krugove jer oba posjeduju elemente i linearnih i nelinearnih operacija. Jedan primjer je komparator koji na ulazu uzima neprekidni raspon napona, ali na izlazu daje samo jedan od dva nivoa kao u digitalnom krugu. Slično tome, preopterećeni tranzistorski pojačivač može poprimiti karakteristike upravljanog [[prekidač]]a koji u suštini ima dva izlaza. Zapravo mnogi digitalni krugovi su ustvari implementirani kao varijacije analognih krugova sličnih ovom primjeru&nbsp;– uostalom, svi aspekti stvarnog fizičkog svijeta su u osnovi analogni, tako da se digitalni efekti ostvaruju samo ograničavanjem analognog ponašanja. === Digitalni krugovi === {{Glavni|Digitalna elektronika}} Digitalni krugovi su električni sklopovi koji se temelje na velikom broju diskretnih naponskih nivoa. Digitalni krugovi su najčešći fizički prikaz [[Booleova algebra|Booleove algebre]] i temelj su svih digitalnih računara. Za većinu inžinjera izrazi "digitalni krug", "digitalni sistem" i "logika" predstavljaju istu stvar u kontekstu digitalnih krugova. Većina digitalnih krugova koristi binarni sistem sa dva naponska nivoa označena sa "0" i "1". Često logička "0" označava niži napon, dok logička "1" predstavlja viši napon. Međutim, neki sistemi koriste obrnutu definiciju ("0" predstavlja visoki napon) ili koriste jačinu struje kao osnovu. Često dizajneri logičkih krugova mogu zamijeniti ove definicije iz jednog kruga do sljedećeg u zavisnosti od toga koja definicija najbolje pristaje njegovom dizajnu. Definicija nivoa kao "0" ili "1" je proizvoljna. [[Ternarni računar|Ternarna]] (sa tri stanja) logika je bila proučavana i napravljeni su određeni prototipi računara. [[Računar]]i, električni [[kvarcni sat|satovi]] i [[PLC]]-ovi (korišteni za kontrolu industrijskih procesa) su izgrađeni od [[Digitalni podaci|digitalnih]] krugova. [[Digitalni procesor signala|Digitalni procesori signala]] su još jedan primjer. Gradivni blokovi: * [[MOSFET|Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor]] (MOSFET) * [[Logička kola]] * [[Sabirač (elektronika)|Sabirač]] * [[Flip-flop]]ovi * [[Brojač]]i * [[Procesorski registar|Registri]] * [[Multiplekser]]i * [[Schmittov okidač]] Visoko integrisani uređaji: * [[Memorijski čip]]ovi * [[Mikroprocesor]]i * [[Mikrokontroler]]i * [[Integralno kolo specifične namjene]] (ASIC) * [[Digitalni procesor signala]] (DSP) * [[FPGA|Field-programmable gate array]] (FPGA) </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Nazad na <a href="/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika">Elektronika</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Preuzeto iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika">https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Pravila o privatnosti</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia">O Wikipediji</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Odricanje_odgovornosti">Odricanje odgovornosti</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kodeks ponašanja</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Razvojni programeri</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/bs.wikipedia.org">Statistika</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Izjava o kolačićima</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//bs.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elektronika&action=edit&section=4&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobilni prikaz</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-jvw68","wgBackendResponseTime":138,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.004","walltime":"0.005","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":698,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-jvw68","timestamp":"20241124231432","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>