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Main topics of interest are: (1) relationships between environmental dynamics and hunter-gatherer perceptions and use of landscape; (2) ritual dimensions in domestic activities and 'daily behaviour'; (3) technological variability in material culture (lithics in particular) and cultural transmission of knowledge and skill; (4) emergence of archaeological patterns through coupling of processes that operate at different scales in time and space; (5) representation of prehistoric hunter-gatherers and heritage management; (6) archaeological and anthropological theory. Approaches to this research involve, amongst others, GIS-based modelling of landscape change and hunter-gatherer behaviour, chaîne opératoire analysis of lithics, and spatial analysis of distributions of archaeological remains. \r\n \r\nIn my research I seek to merge archaeological, evidence-based analysis with an interdisciplinary contextual approach that combines archaeology, anthropology, and environmental/earth sciences (physical geography, geology, ecology). \r\n \r\nSome other fields of interest concern self-organisation in human behavioural dynamics, the nature and 'causes' of culture change, and complexity theory in general.\r\n\r\nOther engagements:\r\nI am currently a member of the Management Committee of the SPLASHCOS (www.splashcos.org) project (EU-Cost Action TD0902). Earlier, I stood at the basis of the development of the North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF), which is downloadable from these pages; the scientific background volume to NSPRMF is in preparation and will be published as a special issue of the Netherlands Journal of Geosciences / Geologie en Mijnbouw in 2013.\r\n\r\n\r\nPhoto: The guy with the baseball cap is Bill Lovis (MSU).","image":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1014628/444843/553422/s200_hans.peeters.jpg","thumbnailUrl":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1014628/444843/553422/s65_hans.peeters.jpg","primaryImageOfPage":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1014628/444843/553422/s200_hans.peeters.jpg","width":200},"sameAs":["http://www.rug.nl/staff/j.h.m.peeters/"],"relatedLink":"https://www.academia.edu/127925173/Reply_to_Burnt_ant_nests_and_their_parallels_with_Mesolithic_charcoal_rich_pits_A_comment_on_Huisman_et_al_2024_By_Philippe_Cromb%C3%A9_and_Roger_Langohr"}</script><link 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if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = [{"id":207310,"link":"http://www.rug.nl/staff/j.h.m.peeters/","name":"Homepage","link_domain":"www.rug.nl","icon":"//www.google.com/s2/u/0/favicons?domain=www.rug.nl"}]</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters","location":"/HansPeeters","scheme":"https","host":"rug.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/HansPeeters","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-71c39886-a8a9-4827-b97b-5f5b0cb7145c"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-71c39886-a8a9-4827-b97b-5f5b0cb7145c"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Hans Peeters" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/1014628/444843/553422/s200_hans.peeters.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Hans Peeters</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://rug.academia.edu/">University of Groningen</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://rug.academia.edu/Departments/Archaeology/Documents">Archaeology</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Hans" data-follow-user-id="1014628" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="1014628"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">421</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">169</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">35</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">My research focusses primarily on the archaeology of hunter-gatherers in prehistoric NW Europe. Main topics of interest are: (1) relationships between environmental dynamics and hunter-gatherer perceptions and use of landscape; (2) ritual dimensions in domestic activities and 'daily behaviour'; (3) technological variability in material culture (lithics in particular) and cultural transmission of knowledge and skill; (4) emergence of archaeological patterns through coupling of processes that operate at different scales in time and space; (5) representation of prehistoric hunter-gatherers and heritage management; (6) archaeological and anthropological theory. Approaches to this research involve, amongst others, GIS-based modelling of landscape change and hunter-gatherer behaviour, chaîne opératoire analysis of lithics, and spatial analysis of distributions of archaeological remains. <br /> <br />In my research I seek to merge archaeological, evidence-based analysis with an interdisciplinary contextual approach that combines archaeology, anthropology, and environmental/earth sciences (physical geography, geology, ecology). <br /> <br />Some other fields of interest concern self-organisation in human behavioural dynamics, the nature and 'causes' of culture change, and complexity theory in general. <br /> <br />Other engagements: <br />I am currently a member of the Management Committee of the SPLASHCOS (www.splashcos.org) project (EU-Cost Action TD0902). Earlier, I stood at the basis of the development of the North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF), which is downloadable from these pages; the scientific background volume to NSPRMF is in preparation and will be published as a special issue of the Netherlands Journal of Geosciences / Geologie en Mijnbouw in 2013. <br /> <br /> <br />Photo: The guy with the baseball cap is Bill Lovis (MSU).<br /><span class="u-fw700">Phone: </span>+31-(0)50-3635961<br /><b>Address: </b>Groningen Institute of Archaeology <br />Poststraat 6 <br />NL - 9712 ER Groningen<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><h3 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Related Authors</h3></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list" data-nosnippet="true"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar 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href="https://inrap.academia.edu/AchardCoromptNathalie">Achard-Corompt Nathalie</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">INRAP, Institut National de Recherches Archéologiques Préventives</p></div></div></ul></div><style type="text/css">.suggested-academics--header h3{font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:20px}</style><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1014628">View All (10)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1014628" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" 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Theory"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-5c6c1d03-d753-4dac-833c-bfc7dc28a01e"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-5c6c1d03-d753-4dac-833c-bfc7dc28a01e"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1014628" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Europe"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Mesolithic Europe"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-f27007fc-b618-4419-a692-9479d268ab3d"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-f27007fc-b618-4419-a692-9479d268ab3d"></div> </a></div></div><div class="external-links-container"><ul class="profile-links new-profile js-UserInfo-social"><li class="profile-profiles js-social-profiles-container"><i class="fa fa-spin fa-spinner"></i></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="nav-container backbone-profile-documents-nav hidden-xs"><ul class="nav-tablist" role="tablist"><li class="nav-chip active" role="presentation"><a data-section-name="" data-toggle="tab" href="#all" role="tab">all</a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Books" data-toggle="tab" href="#books" role="tab" title="Books"><span>12</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Books</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Book-Chapters" data-toggle="tab" href="#bookchapters" role="tab" title="Book Chapters"><span>7</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Book Chapters</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" 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data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Reports" data-toggle="tab" href="#reports" role="tab" style="border: none;"><span>8</span> Reports</a></li><li role="presentation"><a data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Popular" data-toggle="tab" href="#popular" role="tab" style="border: none;"><span>9</span> Popular</a></li><li role="presentation"><a data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Book-Reviews" data-toggle="tab" href="#bookreviews" role="tab" style="border: none;"><span>5</span> Book Reviews</a></li><li role="presentation"><a data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Conferences" data-toggle="tab" href="#conferences" role="tab" style="border: none;"><span>0</span> Conferences</a></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="divider ds-divider-16" style="margin: 0px;"></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Books" id="Books"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Books by Hans Peeters</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="101369903"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/101369903/Stone_Age_Borderland_Experience"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Stone Age Borderland Experience" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101930407/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/101369903/Stone_Age_Borderland_Experience">Stone Age Borderland Experience</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>MATERIALHEFTE ZUR UR- UND FRÜHGESCHICHTE NIEDERSACHSENS 60</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abbildungsnachweise bei den jeweiligen Beiträgen. Für den Inhalt der Beiträge und die urheberrech...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abbildungsnachweise bei den jeweiligen Beiträgen. Für den Inhalt der Beiträge und die urheberrechtlichen Angaben sind die Autor*innen verantwortlich. Alle Rechte vorbehalten Kein Teil dieses Buches darf in irgendeiner Form (Druck, Fotokopie, CD-ROM, DVD, Internet oder einem anderen Verfahren) ohne schriftliche Genehmigung des Niedersächsischen Landesamtes für Denkmalpflege reproduziert werden oder unter Verwendung elektronischer Systeme verarbeitet, vervielfältigt oder verbreitet werden.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d46dfbed6a9e8f00da49eae3ca1f20a8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101930407,"asset_id":101369903,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101930407/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="101369903"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="101369903"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101369903; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101369903]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101369903]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101369903; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='101369903']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d46dfbed6a9e8f00da49eae3ca1f20a8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=101369903]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":101369903,"title":"Stone Age Borderland Experience","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_title_tag":"Stone Age Experience and Copyright Issues","grobid_abstract":"Abbildungsnachweise bei den jeweiligen Beiträgen. 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As a consequence, behaviours which were not, or to a limited extent, associated with stone tools are underrepresented in archaeological narratives about hunter-gatherer lifestyles, which, however, have characterised most of the human past. Occasionally, at sites where preservation conditions are good, archaeological finds point to the importance of organic resources for tools and the manufacturing of a broad range of use items, such as clothing, footwear, containers, as well as tent covers and mats. In fact, it is highly likely that organic materials – e.g. wood, bark, bone, antler, hide – were dominant in the creation of material culture, and possibly played a pivotal role in sociocultural communication.<br /><br />The lack of attention for sites and phenomena associated with no or few lithics causes several problems with regard to archaeological insights into the variability in landscape use, technological traditions, and sociocultural interaction. This book presents a collection of articles which address these problems from several angles, with an emphasis on the Mesolithic of NW Europe: dwellings and activities associated with no or few lithics; variability in site location and landscape use, notably in relation to hunting and ethology of game species; and technological aspects of non-lithic material culture. The book intends to increase awareness of the consequences of the issues addressed for our understanding of the past, and boost research and heritage management initiatives in this field.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d054ac76ae8bbc8631830ff84d9a4fba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93590802,"asset_id":89869543,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93590802/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="89869543"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="89869543"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89869543; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89869543]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89869543]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89869543; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='89869543']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d054ac76ae8bbc8631830ff84d9a4fba" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=89869543]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":89869543,"title":"Hidden Dimensions","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The modelling and representation of prehistoric hunter-gatherer behaviours is largely influenced by the investigation of sites with high archaeological visibility, due to the presence of large amounts of knapped lithics, which generally survive the ravages of time. 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As a consequence, behaviours which were not, or to a limited extent, associated with stone tools are underrepresented in archaeological narratives about hunter-gatherer lifestyles, which, however, have characterised most of the human past. Occasionally, at sites where preservation conditions are good, archaeological finds point to the importance of organic resources for tools and the manufacturing of a broad range of use items, such as clothing, footwear, containers, as well as tent covers and mats. In fact, it is highly likely that organic materials – e.g. wood, bark, bone, antler, hide – were dominant in the creation of material culture, and possibly played a pivotal role in sociocultural communication.\n\nThe lack of attention for sites and phenomena associated with no or few lithics causes several problems with regard to archaeological insights into the variability in landscape use, technological traditions, and sociocultural interaction. This book presents a collection of articles which address these problems from several angles, with an emphasis on the Mesolithic of NW Europe: dwellings and activities associated with no or few lithics; variability in site location and landscape use, notably in relation to hunting and ethology of game species; and technological aspects of non-lithic material culture. The book intends to increase awareness of the consequences of the issues addressed for our understanding of the past, and boost research and heritage management initiatives in this field.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":93590802,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93590802/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Hidden_Dimensions_Aspects_of_Mesolithic_hunter_gatherer_landscape_use_and_non_lithic_technology_ebook.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93590802/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Hidden_Dimensions.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93590802/Hidden_Dimensions_Aspects_of_Mesolithic_hunter_gatherer_landscape_use_and_non_lithic_technology_ebook-libre.pdf?1667479017=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHidden_Dimensions.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720210\u0026Signature=O57Q0yZhDtfYq-hIzDaJYlm3o1iBkMKd8Z17ZWwhI-YbNXwm~bJIPxB~gGMkxpPl38kAUO5Y7XKj7ZhxxCWTeBxoFVOgGB3lm-1HWZUbmUbkh3sy~UORvmS2vFpgd6C095anFLM1bOE9RIzOmdwghe50Hcagh4~uQEQCva5s3A~RWKJU6yqO9oWIj0Eov8BFJ4Ok7KszVICh3LDeIv0y-aKPAzfzCpj512d7T8uAkRdjhyfnFjFmUnuLYijtXI5creJmSsZZ-5Ukgf5LtdByCDcgk3Z~jM741DKrQFMNKFrN38-F38wECwqPg1TINO9dIFgLt7SMF4J2Ke3lkwA77A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology"},{"id":4548,"name":"Palaeolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Palaeolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":19728,"name":"Lithic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithic_Technology"},{"id":32948,"name":"Hunter-Gatherers (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherers_Anthropology_"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"},{"id":119264,"name":"Bone Tools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Tools"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-89869543-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="61855432"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/61855432/Resurfacing_the_Submerged_Past"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Resurfacing the Submerged Past" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74784764/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/61855432/Resurfacing_the_Submerged_Past">Resurfacing the Submerged Past</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Available from Sidestone Publishers (https://www.sidestone.com/books/resurfacing-the-submerged-pa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Available from Sidestone Publishers (<a href="https://www.sidestone.com/books/resurfacing-the-submerged-past" rel="nofollow">https://www.sidestone.com/books/resurfacing-the-submerged-past</a>)<br />The Netherlands are internationally renowned for the archaeology of its wetland environments. The reclamation of the Flevoland Polders in the early half of the 20th century not only exposed hundreds of shipwrecks, but also remnants of prehistoric landscapes and traces of human occupation dating to Mesolithic and Neolithic times. Ultimately, this led to the ‘discovery’ of the Swifterbant Culture in the 1960s-1970s, and which was initially seen as a Dutch equivalent of the Ertebølle Culture. <br />Archaeological investigations conducted by the University of Groningen, and later also the University of Amsterdam, delivered important new data on the nature of the Swifterbant Culture. It became key in the discussion about the adoption of crop cultivation and animal husbandry by hunter-gatherers living in wetland environments. Also, the Swifterbant Culture became central in the debate on the meaning of archaeologically defined ‘cultures’, questioning relationships between social interaction and material culture. With the increase of urbanisation and infrastructural works, alongside changes in the Dutch Monuments Act, dozens of small and large-scale development-led investigations got initiated at the turn of the century. <br />One project involved the construction of the Hanzelijn railway, crossing one of the polders from West to East. Archaeologists became aware that much of what was known – and unknown – about the prehistoric past of the Flevoland Polders, was not easily accessible. It was therefore decided to bring together, as much as possible, all the information from the many scattered sources, and make it accessible to professionals, both inside and outside the Netherlands. The result is this book, which presents an overview of the most important sites and data, and what these learn us about the nature of the archaeological record, landscape change, prehistoric subsistence, ritual behaviour, as well as socio-cultural developments during the Mesolithic and Neolithic. <br />Previously considered an impossibility, ‘fossilised’ fields, discovered at Swifterbant, demonstrate crop cultivation in wetland environments in an early stage of the Neolithic. In fact, the prehistory of the Flevoland Polders is tightly connected to the dynamic nature of the extended wetlands that characterised the landscape since the end of the last glacial. Although often regarded as the ‘margin’ of cultural dynamics in the past, we can now see that the Flevoland Polders were right in the centre of fundamental long-term changes in human existence in NW Europe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="42eacb6405a9a9f937546362fe38efc3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74784764,"asset_id":61855432,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74784764/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61855432"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61855432"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61855432; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61855432]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61855432]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61855432; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61855432']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "42eacb6405a9a9f937546362fe38efc3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61855432]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61855432,"title":"Resurfacing the Submerged Past","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Available from Sidestone Publishers (https://www.sidestone.com/books/resurfacing-the-submerged-past)\nThe Netherlands are internationally renowned for the archaeology of its wetland environments. The reclamation of the Flevoland Polders in the early half of the 20th century not only exposed hundreds of shipwrecks, but also remnants of prehistoric landscapes and traces of human occupation dating to Mesolithic and Neolithic times. Ultimately, this led to the ‘discovery’ of the Swifterbant Culture in the 1960s-1970s, and which was initially seen as a Dutch equivalent of the Ertebølle Culture. \nArchaeological investigations conducted by the University of Groningen, and later also the University of Amsterdam, delivered important new data on the nature of the Swifterbant Culture. It became key in the discussion about the adoption of crop cultivation and animal husbandry by hunter-gatherers living in wetland environments. Also, the Swifterbant Culture became central in the debate on the meaning of archaeologically defined ‘cultures’, questioning relationships between social interaction and material culture. With the increase of urbanisation and infrastructural works, alongside changes in the Dutch Monuments Act, dozens of small and large-scale development-led investigations got initiated at the turn of the century. \nOne project involved the construction of the Hanzelijn railway, crossing one of the polders from West to East. Archaeologists became aware that much of what was known – and unknown – about the prehistoric past of the Flevoland Polders, was not easily accessible. It was therefore decided to bring together, as much as possible, all the information from the many scattered sources, and make it accessible to professionals, both inside and outside the Netherlands. The result is this book, which presents an overview of the most important sites and data, and what these learn us about the nature of the archaeological record, landscape change, prehistoric subsistence, ritual behaviour, as well as socio-cultural developments during the Mesolithic and Neolithic. \nPreviously considered an impossibility, ‘fossilised’ fields, discovered at Swifterbant, demonstrate crop cultivation in wetland environments in an early stage of the Neolithic. In fact, the prehistory of the Flevoland Polders is tightly connected to the dynamic nature of the extended wetlands that characterised the landscape since the end of the last glacial. Although often regarded as the ‘margin’ of cultural dynamics in the past, we can now see that the Flevoland Polders were right in the centre of fundamental long-term changes in human existence in NW Europe.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Available from Sidestone Publishers (https://www.sidestone.com/books/resurfacing-the-submerged-past)\nThe Netherlands are internationally renowned for the archaeology of its wetland environments. The reclamation of the Flevoland Polders in the early half of the 20th century not only exposed hundreds of shipwrecks, but also remnants of prehistoric landscapes and traces of human occupation dating to Mesolithic and Neolithic times. Ultimately, this led to the ‘discovery’ of the Swifterbant Culture in the 1960s-1970s, and which was initially seen as a Dutch equivalent of the Ertebølle Culture. \nArchaeological investigations conducted by the University of Groningen, and later also the University of Amsterdam, delivered important new data on the nature of the Swifterbant Culture. It became key in the discussion about the adoption of crop cultivation and animal husbandry by hunter-gatherers living in wetland environments. Also, the Swifterbant Culture became central in the debate on the meaning of archaeologically defined ‘cultures’, questioning relationships between social interaction and material culture. With the increase of urbanisation and infrastructural works, alongside changes in the Dutch Monuments Act, dozens of small and large-scale development-led investigations got initiated at the turn of the century. \nOne project involved the construction of the Hanzelijn railway, crossing one of the polders from West to East. Archaeologists became aware that much of what was known – and unknown – about the prehistoric past of the Flevoland Polders, was not easily accessible. It was therefore decided to bring together, as much as possible, all the information from the many scattered sources, and make it accessible to professionals, both inside and outside the Netherlands. The result is this book, which presents an overview of the most important sites and data, and what these learn us about the nature of the archaeological record, landscape change, prehistoric subsistence, ritual behaviour, as well as socio-cultural developments during the Mesolithic and Neolithic. \nPreviously considered an impossibility, ‘fossilised’ fields, discovered at Swifterbant, demonstrate crop cultivation in wetland environments in an early stage of the Neolithic. In fact, the prehistory of the Flevoland Polders is tightly connected to the dynamic nature of the extended wetlands that characterised the landscape since the end of the last glacial. Although often regarded as the ‘margin’ of cultural dynamics in the past, we can now see that the Flevoland Polders were right in the centre of fundamental long-term changes in human existence in NW Europe.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61855432/Resurfacing_the_Submerged_Past","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-11-17T05:25:27.225-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":37122628,"work_id":61855432,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":2129288,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***s@rug.nl","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":1,"name":"Daan Raemaekers","title":"Resurfacing the Submerged Past"},{"id":37122629,"work_id":61855432,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":127354581,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"t***s@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Laura Kooistra","title":"Resurfacing the Submerged Past"},{"id":37122630,"work_id":61855432,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":9472694,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"b***t@cultureelerfgoed.nl","affiliation":"Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands","display_order":3,"name":"Bjorn Smit","title":"Resurfacing the Submerged Past"},{"id":37122631,"work_id":61855432,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":197031240,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"p***w@gmail.com","display_order":4,"name":"Karen Waugh","title":"Resurfacing the Submerged Past"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74784764,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74784764/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Omslag.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74784764/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Resurfacing_the_Submerged_Past.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74784764/Omslag-libre.pdf?1637157395=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DResurfacing_the_Submerged_Past.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=RNF6wQ0IxWMwLuA4U6WVA6ZU3cqVIcP3cIjCdZ46-LvXkUXcbkbJoUKbUh7heShAeMlrpKmdVv7p8itDeCMVL56OaHQm3ER-vINTGelKQAo7EcgsJJxZ8HGFE8fM8dr36W5h0bH2dh9sGmvwo7n27l7e-2FVmmnhTZIfHvCp2QCPy9OBu80MECB4jOqmA9h6cIe7MEp-yG3tDj-yCCeylTTnFt8xKnv6~DAEnSC4imke36Eg2vFdfncTNJUq3RvWoNUc6Snrwznlz~EXmHvDJy8NXAGNZvb8KnaZTChUr0q1W79Ft~9~02A~UzCwxZnJdKwE50EbDhrBQykcSSQKKw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Resurfacing_the_Submerged_Past","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Available from Sidestone Publishers (https://www.sidestone.com/books/resurfacing-the-submerged-past)\nThe Netherlands are internationally renowned for the archaeology of its wetland environments. The reclamation of the Flevoland Polders in the early half of the 20th century not only exposed hundreds of shipwrecks, but also remnants of prehistoric landscapes and traces of human occupation dating to Mesolithic and Neolithic times. Ultimately, this led to the ‘discovery’ of the Swifterbant Culture in the 1960s-1970s, and which was initially seen as a Dutch equivalent of the Ertebølle Culture. \nArchaeological investigations conducted by the University of Groningen, and later also the University of Amsterdam, delivered important new data on the nature of the Swifterbant Culture. It became key in the discussion about the adoption of crop cultivation and animal husbandry by hunter-gatherers living in wetland environments. Also, the Swifterbant Culture became central in the debate on the meaning of archaeologically defined ‘cultures’, questioning relationships between social interaction and material culture. With the increase of urbanisation and infrastructural works, alongside changes in the Dutch Monuments Act, dozens of small and large-scale development-led investigations got initiated at the turn of the century. \nOne project involved the construction of the Hanzelijn railway, crossing one of the polders from West to East. Archaeologists became aware that much of what was known – and unknown – about the prehistoric past of the Flevoland Polders, was not easily accessible. It was therefore decided to bring together, as much as possible, all the information from the many scattered sources, and make it accessible to professionals, both inside and outside the Netherlands. The result is this book, which presents an overview of the most important sites and data, and what these learn us about the nature of the archaeological record, landscape change, prehistoric subsistence, ritual behaviour, as well as socio-cultural developments during the Mesolithic and Neolithic. \nPreviously considered an impossibility, ‘fossilised’ fields, discovered at Swifterbant, demonstrate crop cultivation in wetland environments in an early stage of the Neolithic. In fact, the prehistory of the Flevoland Polders is tightly connected to the dynamic nature of the extended wetlands that characterised the landscape since the end of the last glacial. Although often regarded as the ‘margin’ of cultural dynamics in the past, we can now see that the Flevoland Polders were right in the centre of fundamental long-term changes in human existence in NW Europe.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":74784764,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74784764/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Omslag.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74784764/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Resurfacing_the_Submerged_Past.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/74784764/Omslag-libre.pdf?1637157395=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DResurfacing_the_Submerged_Past.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=RNF6wQ0IxWMwLuA4U6WVA6ZU3cqVIcP3cIjCdZ46-LvXkUXcbkbJoUKbUh7heShAeMlrpKmdVv7p8itDeCMVL56OaHQm3ER-vINTGelKQAo7EcgsJJxZ8HGFE8fM8dr36W5h0bH2dh9sGmvwo7n27l7e-2FVmmnhTZIfHvCp2QCPy9OBu80MECB4jOqmA9h6cIe7MEp-yG3tDj-yCCeylTTnFt8xKnv6~DAEnSC4imke36Eg2vFdfncTNJUq3RvWoNUc6Snrwznlz~EXmHvDJy8NXAGNZvb8KnaZTChUr0q1W79Ft~9~02A~UzCwxZnJdKwE50EbDhrBQykcSSQKKw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology"},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":26086,"name":"Neolithic Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Europe"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-61855432-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="42688252"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/42688252/OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62987773/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/42688252/OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes">OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://crete.academia.edu/NenaGalanidou">Nena Galanidou</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nihk.academia.edu/MoritzMennenga">Moritz Mennenga</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">GET YOUR FREE COPY FROM SPRINGER! This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehen...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">GET YOUR FREE COPY FROM SPRINGER! This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehensive description and scientific evaluation of underwater archaeological finds referring to human occupation of the continental shelf around the coastlines of Europe and the Mediterranean when sea levels were lower than present. These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. The finds from each country are presented in their archaeological context, with information on the history of discovery, conditions of preservation and visibility, their relationship to regional changes in sea-level and coastal geomorphology, and the institutional arrangements for their investigation and protection. Editorial introductions summarise the findings from each of the major marine basins. There is also a final section with extensive discussion of the historical background and the legal and regulatory frameworks that inform the management of the underwater cultural heritage and collaboration between offshore industries, archaeologists and government agencies. The volume is based on the work of COST Action TD0902 SPLASHCOS, a multi-disciplinary and multi-national research network supported by the EU-funded COST organisation (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). The primary readership is research and professional archaeologists, marine and Quaternary scientists, cultural-heritage managers, commercial and governmental organisations, policy makers, and all those with an interest in the sea floor of the continental shelf and the human impact of changes in climate, sea-level and coastal geomorphology.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="78e580e4721a055a3f228b2d80640362" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62987773,"asset_id":42688252,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62987773/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42688252"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42688252"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42688252; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42688252]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42688252]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42688252; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42688252']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "78e580e4721a055a3f228b2d80640362" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42688252]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42688252,"title":"OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"GET YOUR FREE COPY FROM SPRINGER! This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehensive description and scientific evaluation of underwater archaeological finds referring to human occupation of the continental shelf around the coastlines of Europe and the Mediterranean when sea levels were lower than present. These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. The finds from each country are presented in their archaeological context, with information on the history of discovery, conditions of preservation and visibility, their relationship to regional changes in sea-level and coastal geomorphology, and the institutional arrangements for their investigation and protection. Editorial introductions summarise the findings from each of the major marine basins. There is also a final section with extensive discussion of the historical background and the legal and regulatory frameworks that inform the management of the underwater cultural heritage and collaboration between offshore industries, archaeologists and government agencies. The volume is based on the work of COST Action TD0902 SPLASHCOS, a multi-disciplinary and multi-national research network supported by the EU-funded COST organisation (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). The primary readership is research and professional archaeologists, marine and Quaternary scientists, cultural-heritage managers, commercial and governmental organisations, policy makers, and all those with an interest in the sea floor of the continental shelf and the human impact of changes in climate, sea-level and coastal geomorphology.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes"},"translated_abstract":"GET YOUR FREE COPY FROM SPRINGER! This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehensive description and scientific evaluation of underwater archaeological finds referring to human occupation of the continental shelf around the coastlines of Europe and the Mediterranean when sea levels were lower than present. These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. The finds from each country are presented in their archaeological context, with information on the history of discovery, conditions of preservation and visibility, their relationship to regional changes in sea-level and coastal geomorphology, and the institutional arrangements for their investigation and protection. Editorial introductions summarise the findings from each of the major marine basins. There is also a final section with extensive discussion of the historical background and the legal and regulatory frameworks that inform the management of the underwater cultural heritage and collaboration between offshore industries, archaeologists and government agencies. The volume is based on the work of COST Action TD0902 SPLASHCOS, a multi-disciplinary and multi-national research network supported by the EU-funded COST organisation (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). The primary readership is research and professional archaeologists, marine and Quaternary scientists, cultural-heritage managers, commercial and governmental organisations, policy makers, and all those with an interest in the sea floor of the continental shelf and the human impact of changes in climate, sea-level and coastal geomorphology.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/42688252/OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-04-10T04:24:03.446-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":34180143,"work_id":42688252,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":185182,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***2@york.ac.uk","affiliation":"University of York","display_order":0,"name":"Geoff Bailey","title":"OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes"},{"id":34180144,"work_id":42688252,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":4259982,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***u@uoc.gr","affiliation":"University of Crete","display_order":4194304,"name":"Nena Galanidou","title":"OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes"},{"id":34180145,"work_id":42688252,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":12203140,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***s@nihk.de","display_order":6291456,"name":"Hauke Jöns","title":"OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes"},{"id":34180146,"work_id":42688252,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":3148056,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***l@moritzmennenga.de","affiliation":"Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung / Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research","display_order":7340032,"name":"Moritz Mennenga","title":"OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62987773,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62987773/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Foreword_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62987773/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_D.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/62987773/Foreword_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes-libre.pdf?1587124538=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_D.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=gE2D4ejby55YfGMSMwSsJa3toPoWLwgolMxWsmAy1sBIXCsNz5QQpCB9Fs9mmbhCHkLHmxBzRmtS3omjoMCewwl~Qk2Pju-UiKpsXxdBfseSaYLZ8AdQy0KkgmmNjzL76TuD8jzwq6WobGgA-PjO26vTCvTuR3ZMfCltHtZbYODWpaIxJzQ0Y31X88ZGRDwtqwqzvdZHLEISXR~Qd48113ns6IJlzfpGF45sdI6hkUWmu4S85iWhOj6UtjfYdTyFLpbQA-z5IB2BW9g-1KwHuyibWJsmK8MWaFoUnjuNcGbtvNiDjaso1t65hu52pl9Kn9BL8kUFWF1wgRnfIDGR2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"GET YOUR FREE COPY FROM SPRINGER! This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehensive description and scientific evaluation of underwater archaeological finds referring to human occupation of the continental shelf around the coastlines of Europe and the Mediterranean when sea levels were lower than present. These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-42688252-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39732923"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39732923/North_Sea_Prehistory_Research_and_Management_Framework_NSPRMF_2019_Retuning_the_research_and_management_agenda_for_prehistoric_landscapes_and_archaeology_in_the_Dutch_sector_of_the_continental_shelf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF) 2019 Retuning the research and management agenda for prehistoric landscapes and archaeology in the Dutch sector of the continental shelf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59910862/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39732923/North_Sea_Prehistory_Research_and_Management_Framework_NSPRMF_2019_Retuning_the_research_and_management_agenda_for_prehistoric_landscapes_and_archaeology_in_the_Dutch_sector_of_the_continental_shelf">North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF) 2019 Retuning the research and management agenda for prehistoric landscapes and archaeology in the Dutch sector of the continental shelf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uu.academia.edu/KimCohen">Kim M Cohen</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://deltares.academia.edu/MarcHijma">Marc Hijma</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nederlandse Archeologische Rapporten 63</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In 2009, the North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF) set out a broad set ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In 2009, the North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF) set out a broad set of research and management themes, topics and priorities which were deemed relevant regarding the<br />prehistoric cultural heritage of the southern North Sea. Now, in 2019, we address the question: Where do we stand after a decade of work? In the past ten years, a lot of work has been done and progress has been made; however, we are still far from meeting all of the priorities defined. While the themes and topics of the NSPRMF 2009 remain relevant today, based on the experiences over the years, they have been revised and updated for this NSPRMF 2019.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-39732923-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-39732923-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949473/figure-15-the-emodnet-human-activities-portal-with-data"><img alt="Fig 15 The EMODnet Human Activities portal, with data plotted for prehistoric archaeology. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949296/figure-1-geographical-scope-of-the-nsprmf-comprising-the"><img alt="Fig 1 Geographical scope of the NSPRMF 2009, comprising the Belgian and Dutch section of the Gontinental Shelf areas and adjacent part of the UK section (after Peeters, Murphy & Flemming 2009, Fig. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949306/figure-2-schematic-representation-of-the-relationship"><img alt="Fig 2 Schematic representation of the relationship between scientific knowledge and decision making (after Peeters, Murphy & Flemming 2009, Fig. 4). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949317/figure-3-geological-cross-sections-of-the-onshore-and"><img alt="Fig 3 Geological cross-sections of the onshore and offshore areas of Rotterdam showing the stratigraphical continuity of various sedimentary units, as well as erosion, which is partly induced by modern economic activity, notably the dredging of the Eurogeul (after Hijma et al. 2012, Fig. 5). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949325/figure-4-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949340/figure-5-time-series-of-palaeogeographical-reconstructions"><img alt="Fig 5 Time series of palaeogeographical reconstructions of the Rotterdam-Maasvlakte 2 area; Rotterdam- Yangtzehaven area is indicated by the red rectangle (after Vos & Cohen 2015, Fig. 3.19). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949363/figure-6-underwater-excavation-of-the-rotterdam-yangtzehaven"><img alt="Fig 6 Underwater excavation of the Rotterdam-Yangtzehaven site. A: computer-aided control of the sample grabber, B: a grab sample being brought above water on a pontoon, C: pontoon carrying the grabbing installation, D: filling of big bags with sampled sediment, E: sieve installation designed for large samples, F: sorting of sieve sample residues (photos courtesy of D. Schiltmans, Archeologie Rotterdam [A, F], P. Vos, Deltares [B], B. Smit, RCE [C], J. van der Panne, PUMA [D], M. van den Berg, ADC [E]). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949393/figure-7-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949407/figure-8-vibrocore-installation-being-sunk-into-the-north"><img alt="Fig 8 Vibrocore installation being sunk into the North Sea from the research vessel Pelagia (photo courtesy of M. Hijma, Deltares). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949417/figure-9-in-the-case-of-rotterdam-yangtzehaven-where"><img alt="In the case of Rotterdam-Yangtzehaven, where a submerged site dating to the Mesolithic could be investigated at a depth of about -20m OD, a ‘staged’ geoarchaeological approach was taken.” Here, a first, desktop assessment of the available geological data (regional-scale reconstruction of palaeolandscape based on seismic data and archived core materials) was undertaken, followed by validation of the seismic data by means of cone penetration probing (depth of encounter, preservation of palaeosurfaces). In a next step, further seismic investigations were used to refine the spatial model (i.e. local landscape reconstruction) of the submerged and sediment-buried palaeosurface in the Late-Glacial landscape. In this phase of detailing, inland dune features were identified, which are known to have a high potential for the presence of archaeological remains (as is evident from virtually all such sites investigated onshore) (fig. 9). This new model formed the basis for the selection of some smaller target areas (and for Obviously, the success of detecting a prehistoric site in this particular project depended on the input of expert knowledge. Is it appropriate in this case to also attribute the success to luck? Perhaps not, since river dune slopes generally bear considerable quantities of occupation waste.” Given the experience at the Yangtze harbour, a similar approach to the prospection of submerged river dunes farther Fig 9 Location of Mesolithic sites in and around Rotterdam in relation to the river dune complexes identified by detailed mapping programmes (compiled by Archeologie Rotterdam). 1. Rotterdam-Maasvlakte 1; 2. Rotterdam- Yangtzehaven; 3. Rotterdam-Emplacement Centraal Station; 4. Rotterdam-Hillegersberg; 5. Rotterdam-Grindweg/ Argonautenweg; 6. Rotterdam-Bergse Bos; 7. Rotterdam-De Velden; 8. Rotterdam-Blankenburgstraat/ Hoogvlietstraat; 9. Rotterdam-’t Hart; 10. Rotterdam- IJsselmonde; 11. Rotterdam-Beverwaard Tramremise; 12. Hardinxveld-De Bruin; 13. Hardinxveld-Polderweg (after Peeters et al. 2015, Fig. 7.4). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949431/figure-10-middle-palaeolithic-hand-axe-uncovered-during-the"><img alt="Fig 10 Middle Palaeolithic hand-axe uncovered during the geoarchaeological survey of licence Area 240 (after Tizzard etal. 2014, Fig. 8). The many stray finds from fishing nets and infrastructural projects indicate that certain areas have a high potential for Palaeolithic (Pleistocene) and Mesolithic to Neolithic (Early and Middle Holocene) faunal remains, lithics, and organic artefacts, as well as human remains. The majority of these finds are more voluminous than the Mesolithic remains encountered in the Yangtze harbour, and would generally not even fit auger diameters. Of course, the size distribution relates to discovery context. For " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949436/figure-11-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949448/figure-12-small-selection-of-finds-from-the-southern-north"><img alt="Fig 12 A small selection of finds from the southern North Sea (photos courtesy of RMO unless stated otherwise). Top left: Mesolithic core axe fished up in the Brown Bank area; top right: fragment of a barbed point on the artificial beach of Rotterdam-Maasvlakte 2 (photo courtesy of M. Spithoven); middle left: Mesolithic perforated red deer antler from Rotterdam-Maasvlakte 2 (photo courtesy of D. Mol); middle right: Late Palaeolithic decorated bone fished up southwest of the Brown Bank; bottom: Mesolithic human remains from the North Sea and beach. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949454/figure-13-the-winning-team-of-the-british-archaeology-award"><img alt="Fig 13 The winning team of the British Archaeology Award 2008 for the archaeological discovery of the year, with representatives of Hanson Aggregates Marine, and Mr. Jan Meulmeester (second from right), who discovered tens of hand-axes on a wharf in Flushing. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949468/figure-14-home-page-of-the-splashcos-viewer"><img alt="Fig 14 Home page of the SPLASHCOS-viewer. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949481/figure-16-indicative-map-of-archaeological-potential-for-pre"><img alt="Fig 16 Indicative map of archaeological potential for (pre-)Mesolithic remains based on the presence/absence of basal peat. Dark tones: high potential; shaded: presence of peat and gyttja (after Maarleveld & Peeters 2004, Fig. 14.3). Offshore basal peat results from Early Holocene marshes, mires, fens, and swamps that, immediately in advance of marine transgression, formed extensively across various types of terrain. The term ‘basal peat’ is carried over from the onshore context, where such peat It is found Delow the coastal plain, at the Dase of the Holocene coastal-deltaic sequence, as a marker bed separating post-transgression deposits (‘Holocene’) from pre-transgression surfaces (‘Pleistocene’). Where it survives, it functions a relatively erosion-resistant bed, due to compaction, often covered by 1-q m of shelly sand of the active sea bed. Basal peat beds have " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949493/figure-17-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949498/figure-18-map-showing-the-preservation-potential-in"><img alt="Fig 18 Map showing the preservation potential (in different colours) for archaeological remains dating to various prehistoric periods within the first 30 m below the sea floor. The model is solely based on lithostratigraphical data. The area shown in grey has no potential, but the zone shown in shading has possible potential in view of geomorphological characteristics (after Vonhdégen-Peeters, Van Heteren & Peeters 2016, Fig. 4.5). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949503/figure-19-model-of-preserved-peat-within-the-mile-zone-red"><img alt="Fig 19 Model of preserved peat within the 12 mile zone. Red: peat present, green: peat absent, grey: presence/absence of peat unknown (after Vonhdgen-Peeters, Maljers-Oosterwijk & Peeters in prep.). The map of the Netherlands shows the coversand surface (deep purple <15m belowsea level; light yellow: <om below sea level; dark yellow >om above sea level), ice-pushed ridges (orange), and stream valleys (purple). Black dots represent Late Palaeolithic sites in the 'near- coast zone’ as registered in the national database Archis (sites known further inland are not shown). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949507/figure-20-front-page-of-the-science-quire-of-the-nrc-weekend"><img alt="Fig 20 Front page of the science quire of the NRC Weekend edition of the national newspaper NRC, which devoted four pages to the activities of collectors and scientists under the title heroes of the North Sea land. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949514/figure-21-meeting-the-experts-private-collectors-show-their"><img alt="Fig 21 Meeting the experts: private collectors show their finds to professionals (photo courtesy of L. Amkreutz, RMO). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949521/figure-23-applied-technology-is-matter-of-scale-environment"><img alt="Applied technology is a matter of scale, environment and application Fig 23 Diagram showing the connection of technology to scale, environment, and application stage (after Missiaen, Sakellariou & Flemming 2014, Fig. 2.2). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949530/table-1-despite-the-fact-that-theme-primarily-focusses-on"><img alt="* Despite the fact that theme G primarily focusses on post-LGM hunter-gatherers, topic G.2 was broadly defined, and of equal relevance to theme D. Table 1 Research themes and topics from the NSPRME 2009 (Peeters, Murphy & Flemming 2009). Numbering adheres to the original document.* " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949539/table-2-in-order-to-reach-these-goals-it-was-deemed"><img alt="In order to reach these goals, it was deemed necessary to focus on tuning the objectives of heritage management and scientific research, as well as creating conditions to support the development and implementation of appropriate research and management strategies. Several priorities were identified, notably collaboration with industry and private collectors; data sharing; the spatial definition of research potential and threats; as well as approaches to mitigation, conservation, and designation. The management agenda first and foremost focussed on heritage professionals who are the first to deal with economical stakeholders active in the southern North Sea. This particular context involves a complex legislative and regulatory setting, at the national and international levels, that has to be taken in " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949552/table-3-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949566/table-4-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949574/table-5-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949589/table-6-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949598/figure-12-attention-of-the-scientific-community-notably"><img alt="attention of the scientific community (fig. 12) - notably human remains, Pleistocene hyena coproliths, a range of Palaeolithic artefacts (including a hand-axe made out of Wommersom quartzite), bone points, a projectile point embedded in a red deer mandibula, Mesolithic stone tools, and a wealth of fossil bones. These efforts have boosted the attention of the media for the topic of submerged archaeology and landscapes (see section 4.6). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949604/table-8-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949611/table-9-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949617/table-7-various-stakeholders-have-different-interests-is"><img alt="Table 7 Various stakeholders have different interests. is much to gain here by involving more experts in sampling and in the interpretation of seismic and borehole data. The same holds for the selection of sample locations and planning of seismic investigations. To achieve this involvement, it will have to be forced upon in the early stages of project design. Heritage managers, for their part, need good data points for significance assessment and policy making; in the long run, saying that an area has ‘potential’ will no longer suffice. They also need good data points for decision-making, because this involves risk management, and risk management is predicated on reliable information or informed knowledge. And in the end, good data points are needed for all stakeholders to move from speculative narratives towards evidence-based narratives. 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Now, in 2019, we address the question: Where do we stand after a decade of work? In the past ten years, a lot of work has been done and progress has been made; however, we are still far from meeting all of the priorities defined. While the themes and topics of the NSPRMF 2009 remain relevant today, based on the experiences over the years, they have been revised and updated for this NSPRMF 2019.","ai_title_tag":"Updating North Sea Prehistory Research Agenda","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nederlandse Archeologische Rapporten 63"},"translated_abstract":"In 2009, the North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF) set out a broad set of research and management themes, topics and priorities which were deemed relevant regarding the\nprehistoric cultural heritage of the southern North Sea. Now, in 2019, we address the question: Where do we stand after a decade of work? In the past ten years, a lot of work has been done and progress has been made; however, we are still far from meeting all of the priorities defined. 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While the themes and topics of the NSPRMF 2009 remain relevant today, based on the experiences over the years, they have been revised and updated for this NSPRMF 2019.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":59910862,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59910862/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"WEB_119347_NAR_Noordzee20190702-99641-wtf6l7.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59910862/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"North_Sea_Prehistory_Research_and_Manage.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59910862/WEB_119347_NAR_Noordzee20190702-99641-wtf6l7-libre.pdf?1562052346=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNorth_Sea_Prehistory_Research_and_Manage.pdf\u0026Expires=1743717178\u0026Signature=V0D3Banl~2inAVpLYYDtUQb3i7IeA1WUi03YOLNEI3jn-I0qT-VlObQs6Wrf0LlFcIrCuTXjXpy-HRzACB2eNLzUryxk2gi0G9jB6KLkVHsbIqf2VYSAdSiNj44Tyba2lmDbe4HKnCTZ5s44FihgU5frNwdDA-d7ZDtMowCpXPqUL0N~Gvh8yjJmJImMPlnzDU~Ds~GSB8VPOD~sAxNqYWl-s1M0BGryALJMa-qhZ4Zd99geCPzNEk5O9colm6btDKPqn5-nTbhRaLmZ5mekOoPzYrgqmqkJtQReW1r3BkxCSfS7vcAX~uGHsqQVJ6wfrI2bxGSaNfogSev~yecf1Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology"},{"id":30271,"name":"Archaeological Heritage Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Heritage_Management"},{"id":62849,"name":"Submerged landscapes and settlements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_landscapes_and_settlements"},{"id":291062,"name":"Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_Prehistoric_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-39732923-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35821639"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35821639/Paradise_lost_Insights_into_the_early_prehistory_of_the_Netherlands_from_development_led_archaeology"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Paradise lost? Insights into the early prehistory of the Netherlands from development-led archaeology" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55698828/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35821639/Paradise_lost_Insights_into_the_early_prehistory_of_the_Netherlands_from_development_led_archaeology">Paradise lost? Insights into the early prehistory of the Netherlands from development-led archaeology</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/IzabelDevriendt">Izabel Devriendt</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/MarcelNiekus">Marcel J L T Niekus</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://forestry.academia.edu/GaryNobles">Gary Nobles</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/PirHoebe">Pir W Hoebe</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">(Contact the author for a high-res version) In the last ten to fifteen years development-led arch...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">(Contact the author for a high-res version) In the last ten to fifteen years development-led archaeology has boosted the number of surveys and subsequent excavations in the Netherlands. Despite the number of excavations and the availability of much data little is known with regard to the actual gain of knowledge in connection to the wide range of research questions and topics of the National Archaeological Research Agenda. This book reports on a synthetic analysis of reports produced in the context of development-led projects over the past 10-15 years and concerning the early prehistory of the Netherlands. The degree to which development-led work permits to take major steps forward is highly variable. A limited number of topics has profited from the generated data, and in some cases development-led research has shown to be on the forefront of innovative approaches. A larger number of topics and research questions, however, appear to remain unanswerable; data have been generated, but remain of an anecdotal nature. This volume discusses various issues with regard to the gain of knowledge regarding the early prehistory of the Netherlands, and identifies problems, yet also provides possible solutions. This scientific report is aimed at archaeologists and other professionals occupied with Archaeology. With knowledge and advice the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands gives the future a past.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-35821639-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-35821639-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499572/figure-3-macro-tools-of-the-michelsberg-culture-and"><img alt="Fig 3.10b Macro-tools of the Michelsberg Culture (a) and Hazendonk group (b-j). Itteren Voulwames: (a) pointed blade; Schipluiden: (d) pointed blade, (b, c, e) pointed flakes, (f, i-k) scrapers, (g) borer, (h) retouched flake (from appendix II: PUBID 309, 732). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_034.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499581/figure-35-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_035.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499592/figure-3-cores-from-vlaardingen-and-trb-assemblages"><img alt="Fig 3.12 Cores from Vlaardingen and TRB assemblages: (a, b) Hellevoetsluis-Ossenhoek, (c-i) Knooppunt Hattemerbroek (from appendix II: PUBID 272, 260). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_036.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499325/figure-1-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499330/figure-1-the-cycle-of-archaeological-heritage-management-in"><img alt="Fig 1.1 The cycle of archaeological heritage management in the Netherlands explicitly involves both the known and the unknown (expected) heritage (from Groenewoudt & Peeters 2006). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499339/figure-1-synthetic-analysis-of-the-reported-excavation"><img alt="A synthetic analysis of the reported excavation results in direct reference to the NOaA 1.0 research questions will without doubt lead to deeper insight into specific questions, yet also risks missing the connections between various aspects of interest. In fact, this is the crux of the problem with the body of reports that have resulted from development-led archaeology: Questions are answered one by one, but seldom in tandem or within a broader thematic perspective. In order to avoid such fragmentation of knowledge, we will approach the problem in a way that permits us to simultaneously broaden and deepen our insights under three overarching diachronic themes, each The study of the relationships between people and materials is perhaps the most obvious from an archaeological perspective. Our primary source of archaeological information consists of objects made out of a broad range of natural resources, as well as features resulting from human interference. Not surprisingly, finds and anthropogenic features receive a great deal of attention in reports in terms of both description Fig 1.2 The three overarching themes that are central in this study connect people to different scales of interaction and are approached from multiple scales in terms of space and time. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499344/figure-1-the-themes-and-spatio-temporal-dimensions-combine"><img alt="Fig 1.3 The themes and spatio-temporal dimensions combine to form 12 knowledge domains. The connection of the three diachronic themes and four spatio-temporal dimensions of analysis lead to twelve so-called knowledge domains, each of which covers different aspects of behaviour taken from variable perspectives (fig. 1.3).3 The four dimensions, in theory, apply to each overarching research theme. However, specific NOaA 1.0 research questions can be of relevance to more than one research theme, and will thus contribute to more than one knowledge domain. In the thematic chapters (chapters 3, 4 and 5), the knowledge domains will not explicitly serve to structure the discussion. However, we will use these domains in our broader discussion of what development-led archaeology has contributed to our understanding of the past (chapter 6). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499353/figure-2-schematic-representation-of-the-aspect-related"><img alt="Fig 2.1 Schematic representation of the aspect-related connection between research questions and publications (reports). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499358/figure-2-number-of-noaa-research-questions-in-relation-to"><img alt="Fig 2.3 Number of NOaA 1.0 research questions in relation to the spatio-temporal dimensions. The final set of 34 research questions that were distilled from the NOaA 1.0 variably connect to the overarching themes. Appendix | provides a listing of the NOaA 1.0 questions in connection with the research themes as defined in chapter 1. As is apparent from figure 2.2, the great majority refer to the theme ‘people and materials’, due to the fact that the analysis of material culture is at the heart of many archaeological studies (See section 1.2.1). The themes ‘people and space’ and ‘people and environment’ each cover somewhat less than half of the research questions. When we break these numbers down, we see that 19 questions relate to more than one theme, which leaves 15 questions unique to a single theme, mostly that of ‘people and materials’. Combined with the spatio-temporal dimensions (section 1.2.4) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499368/figure-2-number-of-noaa-research-questions-in-relation-to"><img alt="Fig 2.2 Number of NOaA 1.0 research questions in relation to the overarching research themes. further configurations are possible, since research questions can be related to one or more of these analytical dimensions. The possibility to connect individual research questions to more than one overarching research theme, spatio-temporal dimension, or knowledge domain (fig. 2.3), demonstrates the difficulty of providing a structured framework for synthetic analysis based on the existing construct of the NOaA 1.0. We will discuss this problem further in chapter 6 in connection with the research agenda, fieldwork and reporting. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499373/figure-2-number-of-aspects-per-report-site"><img alt="Fig 2.4 Number of aspects per report/site. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499383/figure-2-continued-number-of-reports-per-aspect-left-and"><img alt="Fig. 2.4 Continued number of reports per aspect (left), and number of research questions per aspect (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499389/figure-2-number-of-reports-of-surveys-and-excavations-per"><img alt="Fig 2.5 Number of reports of surveys and excavations per aspect frequency class. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499399/figure-2-number-of-reports-of-surveys-and-excavations-per"><img alt="Fig 2.6 Number of reports of surveys and excavations per aspect cluster frequency class. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499404/figure-2-geographical-distribution-of-all-selected-sites"><img alt="Fig 2.7 Geographical distribution of all selected sites/reports (background: ‘archaeological landscapes' as defined b the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499409/figure-13-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499414/figure-2-distribution-of-deselected-reports-and-observations"><img alt="Fig 2.9 Distribution of deselected reports and observations made between 2005-2014 (background: ‘archaeologica landscapes’ as defined by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499427/figure-2-schematic-chronology-of-the-prehistory-of-the"><img alt="Fig 2.10 Schematic chronology of the prehistory of the Netherlands (from Van den Broeke, Fokkens & Van Gijn 2005). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499433/figure-16-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499441/figure-2-distribution-of-the-selected-sites-reports"><img alt="Fig 2.12 Distribution of the selected sites/reports mentioning Upper/Late Palaeolithic finds (background: ‘archaeological landscapes’ as defined by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499446/figure-2-distribution-of-the-selected-sites-reports"><img alt="Fig 2.13 Distribution of the selected sites/reports mentioning Mesolithic finds (background: ‘archaeological landscapes’ as defined by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499456/figure-2-distribution-of-the-selected-sites-reports"><img alt="Fig 2.14 Distribution of the selected sites/reports mentioning Early-Middle Neolithic finds (background: ‘archaeological landscapes’ as defined by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499471/figure-2-distribution-of-the-selected-sites-reports"><img alt="Fig 2.15 Distribution of the selected sites/reports referring to specific socio-cultural groups/traditions of the Neolithic (background: ‘archaeological landscapes’ as defined by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499491/figure-21-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="Legend " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499501/figure-22-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="Legend " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499509/figure-3-various-types-of-flint-from-the-hamburgian"><img alt="Fig 3.1 Various types of flint from the Hamburgian assemblage of Epse-Olthof. Most of the flint is of the Senonian type (translucid without fossil inclusions); the red blade (with two refitted blade fragments) is made of red Heligoland flint (photo by P. Hoebe). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_023.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499514/figure-3-blade-production-waste-from-the-late-palaeolithic"><img alt="Fig 3.2 Blade production waste from the Late Palaeolithic concentration at Knooppunt Hattemerbroek (from appendix II: PUBID 749). The length of the core (top left) is 66 mm. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_024.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499518/figure-3-core-with-refitted-blades-and-flakes-from-the"><img alt="Fig 3.3 Core with refitted blades and flakes from the Ahrensburgian assemblage at Alverna (from appendix II: PUBID 742) Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_025.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499524/figure-3-ochre-stained-coversand-at-aalsterhut-with-some"><img alt="Fig 3.4 Ochre-stained coversand at A2-Aalsterhut with some flint artefacts in situ (from appendix II: PUBID 216). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_026.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499530/figure-3-mesolithic-blade-cores-from-knooppunt-hattemerbroek"><img alt="Fig 3.5 Mesolithic blade cores from Knooppunt Hattemerbroek and Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 25¢ 538). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_027.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499534/figure-3-mesolithic-flake-and-blade-cores-and-blades-from"><img alt="Fig 3.6 Mesolithic flake and blade cores and blades from Leeuwarden-Hempens (from Noens 2011). Scale bar it centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_028.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499535/figure-29-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_029.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499542/figure-3-flint-artefacts-from-various-lbk-sites-beek"><img alt="Fig 3.7 Flint artefacts from various LBK sites. Beek-Kerkeveld: (a) blade core used as a hammer stone, (b) point, (c) blade with sickle gloss, (d) scraper; Stein-Heidekampweg: (e) production waste; Sweikhuizen-Geverik: (f) point, (g) scraper (from appendix II: PUBID 53, 528, 537). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_030.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499550/figure-3-blades-from-rotterdam-groenenhagen-the-specimen-in"><img alt="Fig 3.8 Blades from Rotterdam-Groenenhagen. The specimen in the lower right corner is retouched and slightly denticulate (from appendix II: PUBID 468). Scale bar in centimetres. Few lithic assemblages attributable to the Swifterbant Culture have been studied since the major excavations at Hardinxveld-Giessendam and Hoge Vaart-A27, more than 15 years ago." Rotterdam-Groenenhagen yielded an assemblage that shows technological affinities with the early stage of the Swifterbant Culture (fig. 3.8). The manufacture of tools was based on regular blades, which provided blanks for the production " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_031.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499555/figure-3-flint-cores-of-the-michelsberg-culture-itteren"><img alt="Fig 3.9 Flint cores of the Michelsberg Culture. Itteren-Voulwames: (a) core used as a hammer stone, (b) polished axe reused for flake production, (c) pick-shaped core; Brunssum-Molenbeek: (d) coarse blade core (from appendix II: PUBID 95, 309). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_032.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499562/figure-3-points-with-invasive-retouch-from-schipluiden-from"><img alt="Fig 3.10a Points with invasive retouch from Schipluiden (from appendix II: PUBID 732). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_033.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499597/figure-3-example-of-slotted-point-cm-in-length-with-hafted"><img alt="Fig 3.13 Example of a slotted point (17.5 cm in length) with hafted microliths from the Kongemose at Tagerup, Sweden (from Karsten & Knarrstrom 2003). Left: the object as it was found (in a grave), middle: the structure of microlithic inserts, right: reconstruction. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_037.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499600/figure-3-examples-from-hoge-vaart-of-highly-reflective-gloss"><img alt="Fig 3.14 Examples from Hoge Vaart-A27 of highly reflective gloss caused by transverse working of a plant material o unknown nature (from Peeters, Schreurs & Verneau 2011). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_038.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499611/figure-3-use-wear-traces-of-the-working-of-shell-and-jet"><img alt="Fig 3.15 Use-wear traces of the working of shell (a) and jet (b) found on flint tools from Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbou: (from appendix II: PUBID 462). Object drawings scale 1:1. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_039.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499619/figure-40-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_040.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499625/figure-3-neolithic-stone-tools-schipluiden-querns-rubbing"><img alt="Fig 3.17 Neolithic stone tools: Schipluiden: (a-e) querns, (f) rubbing stone, (1) axe, (m) axe fragment; Knooppunt Hattemerbroek: (g) rubbing stone, (h, i, k) querns, (j) hammer-/rubbingstone, (n) axe (from appendix II: PUBID 260, 732). Scale 1:4. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_041.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499635/figure-3-bone-and-antler-artefacts-from-mesolithic-and"><img alt="Fig 3.18 Bone and antler artefacts from Mesolithic and Neolithic sites. Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour: (a-b) fragment of antler adzes; Schipluiden: (c) cut-off distal end of red deer metatarsal, (d, h) antler waste products originating ‘rom tool production, (e) bone awls produced out of metapodia, (f) fragment of an antler perforated base axe, g) bifacially worked proximal part of an antler beam and adhering pedicle(from appendix II: PUBID 462, 732). Objects a, b and e scale 1:2; objects c, d, f, gand h scale 1:4. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_042.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499641/figure-3-functionally-unidentified-wooden-artefacts-from"><img alt="Fig 3.19 Functionally unidentified wooden artefacts from Schipluiden (from appendix II: PUBID 732). Scale 1:4. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_043.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499647/figure-3-mesolithic-and-neolithic-bone-beads-rotterdam"><img alt="Fig 3.20 Mesolithic and Neolithic bone beads: (a) Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour; (b, c) Schipluiden (from appendix II: PUBID 462, 732). The broken bead from Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour measures 6.7 mm in diameter; the beads from Schipluiden are scale 1:1. Middle Neolithic ornaments made out of organic material were retrieved from the Hazendonk Culture sites of Schipluiden and Rijswijk-Ypenburg."? Schipluiden yielded two beads similar to the one from Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour; both beads come from a child’s grave. At Rijswijk-Ypenburg, a bone finger ring was found in a child’s grave, and a fragment of a not fully perforated tusk of wild boar from the occupation ayer may represent an unfinished pendant. At the Vlaardingen Culture site of Hellevoetsluis- Ossenhoek, three perforated teeth, of wild boar, otter and dog, were found."® The finds from these sites show that ornaments are not exclusively encountered in graves. This is not only the case for late Early Neolithic and Middle Neolithic contexts, but also for earlier phases. Perforated tusks of wild boar, as well as perforated incisors of horse, cattle, otter and canines of dogs, are known from Swifterbant contexts. Interestingly, finds from the early Swifterbant Culture context of Hoge Vaart-A27 suggest that tusks of wild boar seem to have been systematically extracted from the mandibles," possibly in order to make pendants out of them. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_044.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499655/figure-45-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_045.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499666/figure-3-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="Fig 3.21 Continued. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_046.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499676/figure-3-the-mesolithic-grave-at-rotterdam-beverwaard-with"><img alt="Fig 3.22 The Mesolithic grave at Rotterdam-Beverwaard with the stone mace head (b) and slab (a), and the mace head ( from Knooppunt Hattemerbroek (from appendix II: PUBID 259, 463). Object drawings scale 1:2. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_047.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499684/figure-3-the-inhumation-grave-at-dronten-from-appendix-ii"><img alt="Fig 3.23 The inhumation grave at Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). Top left: excavation plan showing the burial pit that intersects several Mesolithic pit hearths. Top right: preserved molars in situ. Middle: overview of the burial. Bottom: the burial pit in various stages of excavation. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_048.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499691/figure-3-overview-of-the-most-important-typochronological"><img alt="Fig 3.24 Overview of the most important typochronological tool categories for the Late Palaeolithic through Middle Neolithic (adapted from Amkreutz, Verhart & Van Gijn 2016; Brounen 2016; Deeben & Niekus 2016a, 2016b, 2016c; De Grooth 2016; Houkes 2016; Niekus, Kramer & Deeben 2016; Peeters 2016; Peeters & Devriendt 2016; Rensink & Niekus 2016; Schreurs 2016). Scale bars in centimetres. Hamburgian (top) and Creswellian (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_049.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499703/figure-50-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_050.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499715/figure-51-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_051.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499721/figure-52-lbk-top-rssen-middle-and-michelsberg-bottom"><img alt="LBK (top), Réssen (middle) and Michelsberg (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_052.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499730/figure-53-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_053.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499737/figure-54-hazendonk-top-vlaardingen-middle-left-stein-middle"><img alt="Hazendonk (top), Vlaardingen (middle left), Stein (middle right), and TRB (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_054.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499744/figure-3-pottery-from-well-aijen-perforated-lugs-and-knobs"><img alt="Fig 3.25 Pottery from Well-Aijen: perforated lugs and knobs (left), decoration (middle), rims (right). The assemblag is of Early Neolithic age (from appendix II: PUBID 725). Whilst Ittervoort and Well-Aijen provide new material for potentially developing a regional typo-chronology, a stratified site may be used for similar purposes at the local level. The sites under review provide one such example: Hazerswoude- Rijndijk.7*° This river levee site was gradually covered with clay, resulting in a stratified site that yielded ceramics from three cultural groups: Viaardingen/Stein, Funnel Beaker and Corded Ware. The analysis takes the assignment to these cultural groups as a given, and concludes that the Viaardingen-style pottery was slowly replaced by Corded Ware-style pottery, an outcome that is interpreted as evidence of a gradual change in behaviour of the inhabitants. Beckerman’s " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_055.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499747/figure-3-chronological-developments-vlaardingen-and-corded"><img alt="Fig 3.26 Chronological developments: Vlaardingen and Corded Ware in the coastal zone (from Beckerman 2015) chronological ‘frontier’ between the two is a matter of taste; in terms of both morphology and technology, there is no clear break. As Beckerman notes, this leaves decoration in Corded Ware style as the single distinctive character, and this by definition makes it impossible to have an undecorated Corded Ware vessel (fig. 3.26).?42 publication on the Corded Ware settlements in the province of Noord-Holland provides a new typo-chronological scheme in which the Vlaardingen-Corded Ware transition is proposed to have been one of cultural continuity.2” She proposes that both groups share a cultural continuum of expressions in which the factual ba a ee oat St ald ancient DNA sampled from human bone remains assocated with Bell Beaker material culture across Europe shows that socio-cultural interaction is comple: in terms of expressions of cultural identity and demography (Olalde etal. 2017). Itwarns us against drawing overly simplistic conclusions with regard to the spread and societal integration of material innovations; the understanding of geographical patterns of similarity anc variability requires a multidimensional interpretive framework that integrates different disciplines. 42 Beckerman 2015, 241-243. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_056.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499751/figure-3-interpretation-of-similarities-and-dissimilarities"><img alt="Fig 3.27 Interpretation of similarities and dissimilarities of pottery traditions between microregion: (after Raemaekers 2008). Establishing the source of the clay used in pottery production allows researchers to determine whether pottery was produced locally or not. As such, it is an excellent way to address a key question about prehistoric local communities, namely, to what degree they are MEVEIVPIEPCLIL Te PIUjeelo Ge My MEllrruitt focussed on sites. Regional analysis is almost absent, due to a combination of, on the one hand, explicitly site-related research questions and, on the other, the absence of datasets in DANS-EASY. A rare example can be found ina regional analysis of the Hazendonk pottery fror Schipluiden, thanks to the simple fact that all of the sites used in the analysis had been studie by one of us (D.C.M. Raemaekers), mostly in an academic context. The analysis starts from the realisation that Hazendonk pottery is relatively well defined in terms of morphology and decorative schemes. Within this framework, regional variation has been observed in terms ot the tempering agents used and the frequency of specific types of decoration, resulting in the identification of three microregions along the river Rhine. The pattern of regional variation wa interpreted as being the outcome of one or more of the following three variables: mobility, exchange and mode of production. Raemaekers hypothesises that the similarities in pottery in terms of temper and decoration between the Ne pcm ioe: Wann emeent ude ami ween “apd cae anemia: Menta: le " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_057.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499756/figure-3-ceramic-ware-and-lipid-analysis-of-swifterbant"><img alt="Fig 3.28 Ceramic ware and lipid analysis of Swifterbant pottery (from Raemaekers et al. 2013). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_058.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499760/figure-4-geographical-distributions-of-primary-and-secondary"><img alt="Fig 4.1 Geographical distributions of primary and secondary flint source areas in and close to the Netherlands that are (potential) sources of raw materials for the production of tools during the Late Palaeolithic through Middle Neolithic. Source areas of Scandinavian flint in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia are not indicated. The background map shows the situation of the source areas relative to the southern North Sea basin, which acted as a large sediment basin and which was accessible during the Late Glacial and Early Holocene (referred to as Doggerland). Flint and other lithic resources that were transported by rivers surrounding the basin accumulated in Doggerland. It is unknown to what extent potential source areas in this basin were exploited (map reproduced witk permission of National Geographic). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_059.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499767/figure-4-geographical-locations-of-epse-olthof-and-damme"><img alt="Fig 4.2 Geographical locations of Epse-Olthof and Damme Diimmer relative to Heligoland. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_060.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499773/figure-4-geographical-distribution-of-wommersom-quartzite"><img alt="Fig 4.3 Geographical distribution of Wommersom quartzite (source location indicated by the yellow dot) during the Mesolithic. The extensions outside the dashed polygon are based on the finds of incidental pieces of Wommersom quartzite at the sites of Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour (red dot) and Hoge Vaart-A27 (blue dot). The light pink shading represents a possible further extension of the distribution of this resource (from appendix II: PUBID 462a). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_061.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499775/figure-4-simplified-map-of-the-rhine-meuse-scheldt-drainage"><img alt="Fig 4.4 Simplified map of the Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt drainage system in the Netherlands and adjacent parts of Belgium and Germany between 6500-6000 cal. BC. Brown: Rhine system; green: Meuse system; orange: Scheldt system; blue: open sea and main estuaries (based on Kiden 2006; Vos 2015). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_062.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499782/figure-4-flint-varieties-encountered-in-early-prehistoric"><img alt="Fig 4.5 Flint varieties encountered in early prehistoric contexts in the Netherland: (a) Lanaye, (b) Banholt, (c) Rullen, (d) Lousberg, (e) Valkenburg, (f) Simpelveld, (g) Vetschau, (h) Obourg. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_063.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499788/figure-64-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_064.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499793/figure-65-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_065.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499803/figure-66-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_066.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499810/figure-4-screenshots-of-the-analysis-of-flint-and-pottery"><img alt="Fig 4.8 Screenshots of the 3D analysis of flint and pottery frequencies in features at Hoge Vaart-A27 (from Merlo 2010). Although such data can easily be displayed in a 2D environment, the 3D visualisation makes stratigraphic relationships between surface hearths (large quantities of flint or pottery) and pit hearths (quantities close to zero) more clear. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_067.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499812/figure-4-example-of-the-spatial-analysis-of-the-late"><img alt="Fig 4.9 Example of the spatial analysis of the Late Neolithic site of Zeewijk (from Nobles 2016). A: Kernel density estimates and multivariate visualisation of the flint data (KDE bandwidth = 1.75 m); B: elevation (a), slope (b), the flint multivariate visualisation (c). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_068.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499816/figure-4-horizontal-density-distribution-of-flint-at"><img alt="Fig 4.10 Horizontal density distribution of flint at Rotterdam-Groenenhagen. The circles indicate ‘clusters’ within < continuous, yet only partially investigated, area (from appendix II: PUBID 468). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_069.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499818/figure-70-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_070.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499822/figure-4-horizontal-density-distributions-in-cm-squares-of"><img alt="Fig 4.12 Horizontal density distributions in 50 x 50 cm squares of various find categories (from left to right: flint, hazelnut shell, charcoal, stone, bone) at Dronten-N23. The maps in the top row show the original frequency distributions; the maps in the bottom row show the moving average distributions (from appendix II: PUBID 538).continuous, yet only partially investigated, area (from appendix II: PUBID 468). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_071.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499825/figure-4-simplified-model-of-pattern-formation-resulting"><img alt="Fig 4.13 Simplified model of pattern formation resulting from random accumulations of ‘flint events’ (red) an ‘nut events’ (blue) for Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_072.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499829/figure-4-horizontal-density-distributions-of-flint-at"><img alt="Fig 4.14 Horizontal density distributions of flint at Leeuwarden-Hempens (from Noens 2011). A: frequency counts B: interpolated densities (kriging; interval 1 artefact); C: subdivision into ‘concentrations’; D: distribution of artefacts studies for use-wear analysis; E: distribution of artefacts showing use-wear traces; F: distribution of artefacts showing traces of hide processing (black dots: studied by V. Beugnier; red dots: studied by J. Schreurs; grey dots: studied for use wear). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_073.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499833/figure-4-horizontal-density-distribution-of-flint-at-epse"><img alt="Fig 4.15a Horizontal density distribution of flint at Epse-Olthof (from appendix II: PUBID 733). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_074.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499838/figure-4-horizontal-density-distribution-of-flint-at-zutphen"><img alt="Fig 4.15b Horizontal density distribution of flint at Zutphen-Looérenk (from appendix II: PUBID 733). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_075.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499840/figure-4-horizontal-density-distributions-of-flint-grey"><img alt="Fig 4.16 Horizontal density distributions of flint (grey shading) at Ede-Kernhem within the investigated area, and the relative importance of various microlith types (from appendix II: PUBID 745). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_076.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499851/figure-77-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_077.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499862/figure-4-horizontal-density-distributions-of-flint-at-ede"><img alt="Fig 4.17 Horizontal density distributions of flint at Ede-Kernhem for concentrations 5, 7a and 7b. Green squares represent postulated knapping locations; red and orange squares represent primary and secondary hearth locations (from appendix II: PUBID 745). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_078.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499869/figure-4-horizontal-density-distributions-of-various-tool"><img alt="Fig 4.18 Horizontal density distributions of various tool categories at Groningen-Meerstad (from appendix II: PUBID 255) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_079.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499874/figure-4-flint-distribution-patterns-at-groningen-europapark"><img alt="Fig 4.19 Flint distribution patterns at Groningen-Europapark organised according to the technological product groups as defined by Collins (1975). Top left: product group IIA; top right: product group IIB; bottom left: product group III; bottom right: product group IV (from appendix II: PUBID 752). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_080.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499880/figure-4-mesolithic-scatter-of-flint-at-zutphen-ooyerhoek"><img alt="Fig 4.20 A Mesolithic scatter of flint at Zutphen Ooyerhoek. The average weight distribution of artefacts per 1 x 1 m square suggests a ‘centrifugal’ effect, which can be explained in terms of Binford’s ‘drop-and-toss zone’ model (from Verneau & Peeters 2001). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_081.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499885/figure-4-mesolithic-features-at-hardinxveld-giessendam-de"><img alt="Fig 4.21 Mesolithic features at Hardinxveld-Giessendam De Bruin (top) and Hardinxveld-Giessendam Polderweg (bottom) which have been interpreted as sunken-floor dwelling pits (from Louwe Kooijmans & Nokkert 2001; Hamburg & Louwe-Kooijmans 2001). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_082.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499893/figure-4-mesolithic-dwelling-structure-at-soest-the-darker"><img alt="Fig 4.22 Mesolithic dwelling structure at Soest. The darker grey features are postholes visible in the C-horizon; the brown illuviation zone within the circular arrangement of postholes appears to represent the sunken floor of the dwelling (photo courtesy of BAAC). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_083.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499899/figure-4-lbk-house-plans-at-elsloo-riviusstraat-from"><img alt="Fig 4.23 LBK house plans at Elsloo-Riviusstraat (from appendix II: PUBID 194). The maps provide spatial information about the degree of preservation and finds composition of features (red: pottery; green: bone; blue: flint; purple: stone). The photos show the preservation classes of postholes, which basically reflect visibility due to bleaching (top: 200d; middle: mediocre; bottom: bad). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_084.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499908/figure-85-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_085.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499921/figure-86-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_086.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499928/figure-4-part-of-trb-enclosure-palisade-bright-green-and"><img alt="Fig 4.26 Part of a TRB enclosure/palisade (bright green) and a section showing a series of closely set posts at Knooppunt Hattemerbroek (from appendix II: PUBID 259). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_087.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499932/figure-4-zone-with-postulated-in-green-structures-dating-to"><img alt="Fig 4.27 Zone with postulated (in green) structures dating to the TRB; linear arrangements of stakes and a water pit (in blue) date to the Bronze Age (from appendix II: PUBID 260). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_088.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499942/figure-4-trb-flat-grave-cemetery-light-grey-monumental"><img alt="Fig 4.28 TRB flat grave cemetery (light grey), monumental structure (dark grey) and house plan (black) at Dalfse1 (from Van der Velde & Bouma 2016). Although it is clear that TRB occupation was well represented in the landscape near Knooppunt Hattemerbroek, it is also clear from t he reports that insight into built structures remains limited. There is no reason to exclude he attribution of the palisade and traces of omestic activity to the TRB period, even though he supporting evidence remains scanty. And the ear that we have to remain aware that there is he potential for TRB occupation in this part of t d t finds near Knooppunt Hattemerbroek make it C t the country. Evidence for TRB habitation is known from the Noordoostpolder, west of Knooppunt Hattemerbroek, as well as from Zwolle-Ittersummerbroek, to the north-east.3” The recent discovery of a TRB site near Dalfsen, only some 15 km from Knooppunt Hattemerbroek, provides an illustrative example of what can be expected in the context of development-led research — in this case an extended cemetery consisting of 137 inhumation graves and several cremation graves (fig. 4.28) that is the biggest TRB cemetery known in NW Europe thus far. Right next to the cemetery, a house plan was found that can also be attributed to the TRB. The pots from the graves mostly belong to a single phase — Brindley phase 5, maybe some phase 6/772 — which spans a restricted period of two centuries (2900-2700 cal BC). This provides a unique opportunity to " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_089.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499953/figure-4-possible-middle-neolithic-stein-group-structure-at"><img alt="Fig 4.29 A possible Middle Neolithic (Stein Group?) structure at Hof van Limburg (from appendix II: PUBID 219) - Middle Neolithic built structures have been reported from Hof van Limburg (Stein Group), Rijswijk-Ypenburg and Schipluiden (Hazendonk " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_090.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499972/figure-4-house-plans-of-the-hazendonk-group-from-rijswijk"><img alt="Fig 4.30 House plans of the Hazendonk Group from Rijswijk-Ypenburg (from Houkes & Bruning 2008). Black: features which meet the selection criteria and belong to the structure; dark grey: features which do not meet the selection criteria but belong to the structure; light grey: features which meet the selection criteria but do not belong to the structure; white: other features. The cultural context for Rijswijk-Ypenburg and Schipluiden, however, is clear: here we are definitely dealing with Hazendonk settlements.35 At Rijswijk-Ypenburg, three house plans and three other built structures were identified (fig. 4.30).7”° The house plans are two-aisled and rectangular or oval in outline, measuring c. 9.7- 8 min length and q.5-q4 m in width. The other reported structures are simple rectangular yet irregular configurations of postholes. The attribution of postholes to some particular structure was based on several variables: posthole diameter, depth, shape and infill. Visual inspection of distribution patterns of various finds categories was used to identify functional zones relative to the structures (fig. 4.31). It is important to note that the lack of continuous data in finds distributions — due to differences in finds collection strategies, and subsequent It remains uncertain whether house structures are also present at Schipluiden. As the excavators state, the only spatial structures that can be identified within the distribution of postholes consist of “single rows of relatively large postholes set at irregular distances relative to one another” 37 The search for house plans comparable to those of, for instance, Wateringen,7”* Ypenburg,3 Haamstede- Brabers*° and Vlaardingen**' (fig. 4.32), remains " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_091.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499987/figure-92-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_092.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499996/figure-93-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_093.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500017/figure-4-fences-are-clearly-visible-around-the-dune-at"><img alt="Fig 4.33 Fences are clearly visible around the dune at Schipluiden. Wells are mainly concentrated along the northwestern and western slopes of the dune (from appendix II: PUBID 732). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_094.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500029/figure-95-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_095.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500039/figure-5-the-mesolithic-red-deer-remains-from-the-valley-of"><img alt="Fig 5.1 The Mesolithic red deer remains from the valley of the Tungelroyse Beek. Top: the bones in anatomical position; bottom left: the skeletal remains during excavation; bottom right: schematic representation of the bones uncovered (from appendix II: PUBID 395). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_096.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500060/figure-97-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_097.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500067/figure-5-sisotope-data-of-human-remains-left-in-comparison"><img alt="Fig 5.3 Stable isotope data of human remains (left) in comparison with those of terrestrial mammals remains (right from the North Sea (from Van der Plicht et al. 2016). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_098.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500077/figure-5-schematic-representation-of-the-economic-range-of"><img alt="Fig 5.4 Schematic representation of the economic range of the Schipluiden household in relation to environmental zones (from appendix II: PUBID 732). Where it comes to our insights into the exploitation of animals in the Mesolithic to Early Neolithic landscape, the picture is still highly fragmentary, and it is scattered over many published sources. This is also the case for the Middle Neolithic, despite the availability of relatively well-preserved sites, such as Schipluiden and Rijswijk-Ypenburg.4% What becomes clear from these two coastal sites is that the contribution of animal foodstuffs to the diet is first of all a continuation of hunter- gatherer traditions, but with the addition of domesticated animals. The entire environmental range in the sites’ surroundings was exploited for animal resources: the beach plain and coast, the estuaries and rivers, but also the back- barrier freshwater marshes (fig. 5.q).4% At Schipluiden, no fewer than 45 species of mammals, birds and fish either were on the menu or were caught for their fur (e.g. marten, otter and beaver) or their feathers (e.g. white- tailed eagle).4” The spectrum at Rijswijk- Ypenburg is comparable to that at Schipluiden. At both locations, aquatic environments are well represented by fish and fowl. Animal husbandry seems to have been more important than hunting wild animals where it comes to meat procurement. Nonetheless, the hunting of aurochs, wild boar, red deer and a range of fur- bearing animals, as well as predators, such as " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_099.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500092/figure-5-two-molars-of-lynx-from-schipluiden-from-appendix"><img alt="Figure 5.5 Two molars of Lynx from Schipluiden (from appendix II: PUBID 732). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_100.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500095/figure-101-ig-plane-view-of-the-tilled-horizon-at"><img alt="ig 5.6 A: Plane view of the tilled horizon at Swifterbant-S4. The patterning of dark- and light-grey patches is nterpreted as tillage marks made with some sort of hand tool. B: photograph showing a more or less regular pattern of tillage marks that become increasingly vague towards left of photograph. The dark layer on top is the ower part of a midden deposit. Square indicates image C. C: Detail of B, with tool marks indicated by triangles (fron duisman & Raemaekers 2014). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_101.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500106/figure-102-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_102.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500112/figure-103-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_103.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500117/figure-5-type-pit-hearths-at-dronten-from-appendix-ii-pubid"><img alt="Fig 5.9 Type A pit hearths at Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_104.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500125/figure-105-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_105.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500133/figure-5-type-pit-hearth-at-dronten-from-appendix-ii-pubid"><img alt="Fig 5.11 Type C pit hearth at Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_106.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500144/figure-5-charred-fragments-of-glassy-substance-from-dronten"><img alt="Fig 5.12 Charred fragments of a glassy substance from Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). Two fragments are stuck to wood charcoal that shows anatomical features of pine (red boxes). An important step towards the investigation of pit hearth function in the context of development-led projects involves the SEM and physico-chemical analysis of charcoal and tar- like substance collected from pit hearths. Following up on the initial suggestion concerning the potential use of pit hearths for the production of wood tar at Hoge Vaart-A27,%° various researchers have made Serious attempts to investigate this further. Evidence for such use " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_107.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500149/figure-5-gas-chromatography-spectrum-of-sample-of-glassy"><img alt="Fig 5.13 Gas chromatography spectrum of a sample of glassy matter from a pit hearth at Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). The spectrum indicates phenanthrene and derivates, which result from thermal degradation of pine wood through distillation. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_108.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500155/figure-109-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_109.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500159/figure-5-calibrated-dates-for-epse-olthof-all-dates-refer-to"><img alt="Fig 5.15 Calibrated “C dates for Epse-Olthof; all dates refer to samples from pit hearths (from appendix II: PUBID 538). The dates are presented for different parts of the investigated area and different excavation campaigns (Olfhof Noord; Olthof Zuid phase 1; Olthof Zuid phase 2); this subdivision, however, has no archaeological meaning. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_110.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500161/figure-5-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="Fig 5.15 Continued. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_111.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500165/figure-112-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_112.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500171/figure-5-plot-of-dates-for-four-clusters-of-sites-with-pit"><img alt="Fig 5.17 Plot of “C dates (n=243) for four clusters of sites with pit hearths along the Hunnepe drainage system. Palaeovegetation reconstructions for the Early Mesolithic have led to the suggestion that the disappearance of human activity in the Zutphen area was mainly the result of increasing From this perspective, it is interesting to return to the use of wood in the context of pit hearths. The broad picture is one of an increase in oak wood charcoal from the Boreal into the Atlantic, and corresponding decrease in pine " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_113.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500176/figure-114-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_114.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500186/figure-5-sum-probability-plot-calpal-version-of-radiocarbon"><img alt="Fig 5.19 Sum probability plot (CalPal version 2016) of 756 radiocarbon dated pit hearths from the Netherlands. The dates were calibrated using the calibration curve IntCal13 (Reimer et al. 2013). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_115.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500193/figure-5-regional-vegetation-maps-for-the-younger-dryas-from"><img alt="Fig 5.20 Regional vegetation maps for the Younger Dryas (from Bouman et al. 2013). DdTp: park landscape with birch, pine, dwarf shrubs and many herbaceous; DdTb: park landscape with birch, dwarf shrubs and many herbs; Ddkk: open vegetation rich in herbs, with heather and dwarf shrubs; DvKk: open vegetation rich in herbs, with heather and dwarf shrubs; DnOo: open plain with dwarf shrubs, birch and pine along the edge. Triangles indicate Late Palaeolithic sites. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_116.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500207/figure-6-left-sampling-grid-and-extrapolation-of-the"><img alt="Figure 6.2 Left: sampling grid and extrapolation of the quantity of flint for Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). Right: sampling grid and extrapolation (inset top right) of the quantity of flint for Ede-Kernhem, and the clusters recorded during subsequent excavation (from appendix II: PUBID 745). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_117.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500220/figure-6-left-sampling-grid-and-extrapolation-of-the"><img alt="Figure 6.2 Left: sampling grid and extrapolation of the quantity of flint for Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). Right: sampling grid and extrapolation (inset top right) of the quantity of flint for Ede-Kernhem, and the clusters recorded during subsequent excavation (from appendix II: PUBID 745). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_118.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500229/figure-6-differences-between-expected-and-recorded"><img alt="Figure 6.3 Differences between expected and recorded quantities of flint for Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_119.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500241/figure-120-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_120.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500248/table-1-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500263/table-2-aspects-initially-used-to-connect-research-questions"><img alt="Table 2.1 Aspects initially used to connect research questions to reports. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500267/table-3-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500485/table-7-noaa-research-fields-and-questions-translated-from"><img alt="Table 7.1 NOaA 2.0 research fields and questions (translated from Dutch) queried for ‘Stone Age’. Several questions appeared irrelevant for early prehistory (e.g. the evolutior of ship construction; the colonisation and layout of unembanked tidal flats and peat marshes), and have been omitted. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_027.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500271/table-4-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500276/table-5-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500280/table-3-sample-size-and-selection-criteria-for-use-wear"><img alt="Table 3.1 Sample size and selection criteria for use-wear analysis. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500287/table-3-established-functions-and-contact-materials-of-flint"><img alt="Table 3.2 Established functions and contact materials of flint tools from Mesolithic anc Neolithic contexts. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500297/table-3-established-functions-of-non-flint-stone-tools-in"><img alt="Table 3.3 Established functions of non-flint stone tools [1] In Dutch the term slijpen is used. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500300/table-3-wooden-implements-and-used-wood-this-object-somewhat"><img alt="Table 3.4 Wooden implements and used wood. * This object somewhat resembles a leister prong, also known from Bergschenhoek and numerous sites in southerr Scandinavia. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500317/table-3-summary-of-early-prehistoric-depositions-or-caches"><img alt="Table 3.5 Summary of early prehistoric depositions. or caches. Of course, neither of these suggestions can be excluded: people do lose things, and people do cache items, for instance, for future use or to protect valuables from looting. However, the contextualisation of such finds, which are mostly known from low-lying zones in the landscape (often wetlands), has shed new light on the nature of these phenomena. Hierarchic patterns in the nature of objects and their occurrence in the landscape or specific features (e.g. burials) suggests underlying principles of structuration that seem to be related to cosmological or ideological considerations.’® From this perspective, depositions of single or multiple objects are frequently interpreted as manifestations of ritual activity. of context, the difficulty is to determine which criteria should be met. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500321/table-3-sites-with-graves-and-loose-skeletal-remains"><img alt="Table 3.6 Sites with graves and loose skeletal remains. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500329/table-12-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500344/table-13-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500354/table-14-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500361/table-15-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500374/table-16-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500387/table-3-correlation-between-density-and-average-size-of"><img alt="Table 3.9 Correlation between density and average size of stone grit temper from Schipluiden. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500406/table-3-trb-sherds-from-megalithic-tombs-tombs-it-is-clear"><img alt="Table 3.10 TRB sherds from 5 megalithic tombs. tombs, it is clear that most stone grit-tempered sherds are characterised by a low density and small average particle size. Notwithstanding the possibility that the observed differences relate to more practical aspects of pottery production, two possible interpretations come to mind. First, the various TRB potters may have shared a notion on this aspect of the production process, indicating that technological knowledge was exchanged between the potters. Second, the difference in tempering strategies between Schipluiden and the TRB assemblages may indicate different pottery production rules for different socio-cultural backgrounds. Hence, data that are generally produced within the context of develop-led research potentially provide information on the social aspects of pottery production. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500413/table-19-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500426/table-5-carbonised-macroremains-of-food-plants-from-out-in"><img alt="Table 5.2 Carbonised macroremains of food plants (from Out 2009, table 9.5). In the case of Dronten-N23, for instance, no remains of potential plant food — other than charred fragments of hazelnut shell — were found in any of the analysed samples.”9 The same is true for Hanzelijn-Drontermeer and Scheemderzwaag.*° One Late Mesolithic pit hearth at Knooppunt Hattemerbroek yielded a charred root fragment of bracken.”'As yet, the evidence for a function of pit hearths in the context of plant food preparation is extremely limited indeed. We have to keep in mind, however, that the chances of finding direct evidence may be small by definition. After all, in general, any cooked plant food was removed from the pit in prehistory.” Of course, overheated (charred) parts may have remained in the pit occasionally, but most probably in minor quantities; hence, the probability of recovering parenchymatous remains from samples taken from such pits will be extremely low. So far, little is known about how these plant food stuffs were prepared and consumed. Lesser celandine, for instance, is poisonous when eaten raw. Amongst the more frequently echoed potential functions of pit hearths is the preparation of plant food. Serious attempts to gain insight into this aspect date back to the 1990s, through pioneering work on charred parenchymatous remains from Mesolithic pit hearths in the northern Netherlands.** This analysis provided evidence for the presence of a wide range of vegetative organs of nutritional value, notably, high frequencies of aquatic tissue, of taxa such as bulrush, club rush and wild beet, but also buckler fern. If these represent remains of food, the charred wood in these pits should most likely be interpreted as fuel. In the context of development-led research, explicit attention has been paid to the presence of parenchymatous remains of potential plant food. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500433/table-21-fable-estimate-of-the-number-of-generations-of"><img alt="fable 5.3 Estimate of the number of generations of hunter-gatherers that potentially yisited a site. The maximum time-depth for the individual sites is set by the calibrated xtreme start and end dates at the 20 confidence level. One hunter-gatherer generatio1 is set at 20 years. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500444/table-6-contribution-of-reports-to-the-themes-and-topics"><img alt="Table 6.1 Contribution of reports to the themes and topics discussed in the chapters 3, 4 and 5. Reports which have not delivered any useful information are not listed. + minor contribution; ++ medium contribution; +++ major contribution " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500450/table-23-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_023.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500460/table-6-methodological-approaches-to-spatial-aspects-in"><img alt="Table 6.2 Methodological approaches to spatial aspects in reports and suitability of datasets for future analysis " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_024.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500474/figure-6-schematic-representation-of-the-research-process"><img alt="Figure 6.1 Schematic representation of the research process within the context of development-led archaeology in the Netherlands. Often the solution needs to be found in the first step of the research process, namely, the project outline. Within an archaeological ‘market’ in which competition is primarily expressed in financial terms, commercial firms are evidently hesitant to do more than is required. The quality of the project outline therefore determines the quality of the research project to a large extent.%%3 We feel that it is the shared responsibility of the archaeological community to determine acceptable qualitative baselines for development-led research. As we express in our introduction (section 1.1), the purpose of archaeology is to develop insights about human behaviour in the past from a unique but vulnerable source of information. It is not about solving a ‘problem’ for economic development today. Hence, the quality of the project’s project outline should be the first concern, and this requires the adequate involvement of expert knowledge right from the beginning. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_025.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500479/table-6-recommended-survey-strategies-for-stone-age-sites"><img alt="Table 6.3 Recommended survey strategies for Stone Age sites (adapted from Verhagen et al. 2013). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_026.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500494/table-28-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_028.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500510/table-29-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_029.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-35821639-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0031c9dc0b37661e77355147af99a6b5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55698828,"asset_id":35821639,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55698828/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35821639"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35821639"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35821639; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35821639]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35821639]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35821639; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35821639']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0031c9dc0b37661e77355147af99a6b5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35821639]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35821639,"title":"Paradise lost? Insights into the early prehistory of the Netherlands from development-led archaeology","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"(Contact the author for a high-res version) In the last ten to fifteen years development-led archaeology has boosted the number of surveys and subsequent excavations in the Netherlands. Despite the number of excavations and the availability of much data little is known with regard to the actual gain of knowledge in connection to the wide range of research questions and topics of the National Archaeological Research Agenda. This book reports on a synthetic analysis of reports produced in the context of development-led projects over the past 10-15 years and concerning the early prehistory of the Netherlands. The degree to which development-led work permits to take major steps forward is highly variable. A limited number of topics has profited from the generated data, and in some cases development-led research has shown to be on the forefront of innovative approaches. A larger number of topics and research questions, however, appear to remain unanswerable; data have been generated, but remain of an anecdotal nature. This volume discusses various issues with regard to the gain of knowledge regarding the early prehistory of the Netherlands, and identifies problems, yet also provides possible solutions. This scientific report is aimed at archaeologists and other professionals occupied with Archaeology. With knowledge and advice the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands gives the future a past."},"translated_abstract":"(Contact the author for a high-res version) In the last ten to fifteen years development-led archaeology has boosted the number of surveys and subsequent excavations in the Netherlands. Despite the number of excavations and the availability of much data little is known with regard to the actual gain of knowledge in connection to the wide range of research questions and topics of the National Archaeological Research Agenda. This book reports on a synthetic analysis of reports produced in the context of development-led projects over the past 10-15 years and concerning the early prehistory of the Netherlands. The degree to which development-led work permits to take major steps forward is highly variable. A limited number of topics has profited from the generated data, and in some cases development-led research has shown to be on the forefront of innovative approaches. A larger number of topics and research questions, however, appear to remain unanswerable; data have been generated, but remain of an anecdotal nature. This volume discusses various issues with regard to the gain of knowledge regarding the early prehistory of the Netherlands, and identifies problems, yet also provides possible solutions. This scientific report is aimed at archaeologists and other professionals occupied with Archaeology. With knowledge and advice the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands gives the future a past.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35821639/Paradise_lost_Insights_into_the_early_prehistory_of_the_Netherlands_from_development_led_archaeology","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-02-02T02:58:29.957-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":31007240,"work_id":35821639,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":2129288,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***s@rug.nl","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":1,"name":"Daan Raemaekers","title":"Paradise lost? 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Despite the number of excavations and the availability of much data little is known with regard to the actual gain of knowledge in connection to the wide range of research questions and topics of the National Archaeological Research Agenda. This book reports on a synthetic analysis of reports produced in the context of development-led projects over the past 10-15 years and concerning the early prehistory of the Netherlands. The degree to which development-led work permits to take major steps forward is highly variable. A limited number of topics has profited from the generated data, and in some cases development-led research has shown to be on the forefront of innovative approaches. A larger number of topics and research questions, however, appear to remain unanswerable; data have been generated, but remain of an anecdotal nature. 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Detecting wh...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This volume deals with the pressing issue of uncertainty in archaeological modeling. Detecting where and when uncertainty is introduced to the modeling process is critical, as are strategies for minimizing, reconciling, or accommodating such uncertainty. Included chapters provide unique perspectives on uncertainty in archaeological modeling, ranging in both theoretical and methodological orientation. The strengths and weaknesses of various identification and mitigation techniques are discussed, in particular sensitivity analysis. The chapters demonstrate that for archaeological modeling purposes, there is no quick fix for uncertainty; indeed, each archaeological model requires intensive consideration of uncertainty and specific applications for calibration and validation. As very few such techniques have been problematized in a systematic manner or published in the archaeological literature, this volume aims to provide guidance and direction to other modelers in the field by distilling some basic principles for model testing derived from insight gathered in the case studies presented. Additionally, model applications and their attendant uncertainties are presented from distinct spatio-temporal contexts and will appeal to a broad range of archaeological modelers. This volume will also be of interest to non-modeling archaeologists, as consideration of uncertainty when interpreting the archaeological record is also a vital concern for the development of non-formal (or implicit) models of human behavior in the past.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26245439"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26245439"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26245439; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26245439]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26245439]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26245439; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26245439']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26245439]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26245439,"title":"Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis in Archaeological Computational Modeling","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This volume deals with the pressing issue of uncertainty in archaeological modeling. Detecting where and when uncertainty is introduced to the modeling process is critical, as are strategies for minimizing, reconciling, or accommodating such uncertainty. Included chapters provide unique perspectives on uncertainty in archaeological modeling, ranging in both theoretical and methodological orientation. The strengths and weaknesses of various identification and mitigation techniques are discussed, in particular sensitivity analysis. The chapters demonstrate that for archaeological modeling purposes, there is no quick fix for uncertainty; indeed, each archaeological model requires intensive consideration of uncertainty and specific applications for calibration and validation. As very few such techniques have been problematized in a systematic manner or published in the archaeological literature, this volume aims to provide guidance and direction to other modelers in the field by distilling some basic principles for model testing derived from insight gathered in the case studies presented. Additionally, model applications and their attendant uncertainties are presented from distinct spatio-temporal contexts and will appeal to a broad range of archaeological modelers. This volume will also be of interest to non-modeling archaeologists, as consideration of uncertainty when interpreting the archaeological record is also a vital concern for the development of non-formal (or implicit) models of human behavior in the past."},"translated_abstract":"This volume deals with the pressing issue of uncertainty in archaeological modeling. Detecting where and when uncertainty is introduced to the modeling process is critical, as are strategies for minimizing, reconciling, or accommodating such uncertainty. Included chapters provide unique perspectives on uncertainty in archaeological modeling, ranging in both theoretical and methodological orientation. The strengths and weaknesses of various identification and mitigation techniques are discussed, in particular sensitivity analysis. The chapters demonstrate that for archaeological modeling purposes, there is no quick fix for uncertainty; indeed, each archaeological model requires intensive consideration of uncertainty and specific applications for calibration and validation. As very few such techniques have been problematized in a systematic manner or published in the archaeological literature, this volume aims to provide guidance and direction to other modelers in the field by distilling some basic principles for model testing derived from insight gathered in the case studies presented. Additionally, model applications and their attendant uncertainties are presented from distinct spatio-temporal contexts and will appeal to a broad range of archaeological modelers. 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Detecting where and when uncertainty is introduced to the modeling process is critical, as are strategies for minimizing, reconciling, or accommodating such uncertainty. Included chapters provide unique perspectives on uncertainty in archaeological modeling, ranging in both theoretical and methodological orientation. The strengths and weaknesses of various identification and mitigation techniques are discussed, in particular sensitivity analysis. The chapters demonstrate that for archaeological modeling purposes, there is no quick fix for uncertainty; indeed, each archaeological model requires intensive consideration of uncertainty and specific applications for calibration and validation. As very few such techniques have been problematized in a systematic manner or published in the archaeological literature, this volume aims to provide guidance and direction to other modelers in the field by distilling some basic principles for model testing derived from insight gathered in the case studies presented. Additionally, model applications and their attendant uncertainties are presented from distinct spatio-temporal contexts and will appeal to a broad range of archaeological modelers. This volume will also be of interest to non-modeling archaeologists, as consideration of uncertainty when interpreting the archaeological record is also a vital concern for the development of non-formal (or implicit) models of human behavior in the past.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"},{"id":4955,"name":"Computational Modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Modelling"},{"id":6404,"name":"Reasoning about Uncertainty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reasoning_about_Uncertainty"},{"id":20099,"name":"Sensitivity Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensitivity_Analysis"},{"id":24535,"name":"Archaeological Predictive Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Predictive_Modeling"},{"id":26704,"name":"Agent-based modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agent-based_modeling"}],"urls":[{"id":7218177,"url":"http://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319278315"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-26245439-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11561969"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11561969/Twenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period_at_the_Yangtze_Harbour_site_Rotterdam_Maasvlakte_the_Netherlands"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Twenty meters deep! The mesolithic period at the Yangtze Harbour site - Rotterdam Maasvlakte, the Netherlands." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37054783/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11561969/Twenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period_at_the_Yangtze_Harbour_site_Rotterdam_Maasvlakte_the_Netherlands">Twenty meters deep! The mesolithic period at the Yangtze Harbour site - Rotterdam Maasvlakte, the Netherlands.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uu.academia.edu/KimCohen">Kim M Cohen</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LucyKubiakMartens">Lucy Kubiak-Martens</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/MarcelNiekus">Marcel J L T Niekus</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>BOORrapporten 566 Interdisciplinary Archaeological Research Programme Maasvlakte 2, Rotterdam.</span><span>, Mar 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In 2011 a systematic underwater field survey and an invasive investigation were executed in the Y...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In 2011 a systematic underwater field survey and an invasive investigation were executed in the Yangtze Harbour planning area, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, commissioned by Port of Rotterdam Authority.  The aim of the work was to locate and document any archaeological remains in submerged Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene deposits at a depth of 22m to 17m bsl, in the to-be-deepened and extended harbour. A drowned Lateglacial-Early Holocene floodplain  landscape was mapped and a Mesolithic site was discovered in it. The site was visited from c. 8500 to 6500 BC and became a nodal base camp 7000 to 6500 BC, when a wetland landscape had developed around it. Abundant flint tools, bones (of mammals, fish and bird) and plant material (pristine and charred) were recovered and provide information on mobility, diet and use of fire in the Middle Mesolithic. The site rapidly drowned in the transgressing North Sea owing to accelerated sea-level rise events of the period 6500-6300 BC. The site offers a window to the lowland archaeology of the Early Holocene in areas now offshore, that inland sites cannot off. The discoveries allow interregional comparison of delta habitation between the Middle Mesolithic (offshore, at depth in the sea, Doggerland) and Late Mesolithic (onshore, Rhine-Meuse delta, at depth below urbanized coastal plain). <br /> <br />Author list: <br />Boon, J.J., Brinkhuizen, D.C., Bunnik, F.P.M., Cohen, K.M., Cremer, H., Exaltus, R.P., van Kappel, K., Kooistra, L.I., Koolmees, H., de Kruyk, H., Kubiak-Martens, L., Moree, J.M., Niekus, M.J.L.T., Peeters, J.H.M., Schiltmans, D.E.A., Verbaas, A., Verbruggen, F., Vos, P.C., Zeiler, J.T. <br /> <br />Contents: <br />Chapter 1 Introduction <br />Chapter 2 Methods and techniques <br />Chapter 3 Landscape genesis and palaeogeography  <br />Chapter 4 Flint and other stone <a href="https://www.academia.edu/11573354/" rel="nofollow">https://www.academia.edu/11573354/</a> <br />Chapter 5 Fauna <br />Chapter 6 Archaeobotany: landscape reconstruction and plant food <br />Chapter 7 Synthesis  <a href="https://www.academia.edu/11600300/" rel="nofollow">https://www.academia.edu/11600300/</a> <br /> <br /> <br />Authorship is indicated per chapter. A rich DVD with further technical reports (in Dutch) is part of the publication. It also contains a 15 minute documentary movie (bilingual). <br /> <br />The book is the English translation of BOORrapporten 523 (2014, in Dutch, same editors and authors) <br />Link to DUTCH book: <a href="http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202014/BOOR/PDF/BOORrapporten%20523%20Rotterdam%20Yangtzehaven.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202014/BOOR/PDF/BOORrapporten%20523%20Rotterdam%20Yangtzehaven.pdf</a> <br />Link to ENGLISH version: <a href="http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf</a> <br />  <br />The PDF on the Rotterdam.nl website (the right link, in grey, below) is the full Book. It contains a PREFACE, a PART 2 on the stratigraphy of the sand extraction area off the Maasvlakte extension, and an EPILOGUE on a human bone find from that area). The PDF uploaded to academia.edu (the left link, in green, below) is PART 1 only.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e77c6732320330f61c316668007e4ac6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37054783,"asset_id":11561969,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37054783/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11561969"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11561969"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11561969; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11561969]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11561969]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11561969; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11561969']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e77c6732320330f61c316668007e4ac6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11561969]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11561969,"title":"Twenty meters deep! The mesolithic period at the Yangtze Harbour site - Rotterdam Maasvlakte, the Netherlands.","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In 2011 a systematic underwater field survey and an invasive investigation were executed in the Yangtze Harbour planning area, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, commissioned by Port of Rotterdam Authority. The aim of the work was to locate and document any archaeological remains in submerged Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene deposits at a depth of 22m to 17m bsl, in the to-be-deepened and extended harbour. A drowned Lateglacial-Early Holocene floodplain landscape was mapped and a Mesolithic site was discovered in it. The site was visited from c. 8500 to 6500 BC and became a nodal base camp 7000 to 6500 BC, when a wetland landscape had developed around it. Abundant flint tools, bones (of mammals, fish and bird) and plant material (pristine and charred) were recovered and provide information on mobility, diet and use of fire in the Middle Mesolithic. The site rapidly drowned in the transgressing North Sea owing to accelerated sea-level rise events of the period 6500-6300 BC. The site offers a window to the lowland archaeology of the Early Holocene in areas now offshore, that inland sites cannot off. The discoveries allow interregional comparison of delta habitation between the Middle Mesolithic (offshore, at depth in the sea, Doggerland) and Late Mesolithic (onshore, Rhine-Meuse delta, at depth below urbanized coastal plain).\r\n\r\nAuthor list:\r\nBoon, J.J., Brinkhuizen, D.C., Bunnik, F.P.M., Cohen, K.M., Cremer, H., Exaltus, R.P., van Kappel, K., Kooistra, L.I., Koolmees, H., de Kruyk, H., Kubiak-Martens, L., Moree, J.M., Niekus, M.J.L.T., Peeters, J.H.M., Schiltmans, D.E.A., Verbaas, A., Verbruggen, F., Vos, P.C., Zeiler, J.T.\r\n\r\nContents:\r\nChapter 1 Introduction\r\nChapter 2 Methods and techniques \r\nChapter 3 Landscape genesis and palaeogeography \r\nChapter 4 Flint and other stone https://www.academia.edu/11573354/\r\nChapter 5 Fauna \r\nChapter 6 Archaeobotany: landscape reconstruction and plant food\r\nChapter 7 Synthesis https://www.academia.edu/11600300/\r\n\r\n\r\nAuthorship is indicated per chapter. A rich DVD with further technical reports (in Dutch) is part of the publication. It also contains a 15 minute documentary movie (bilingual).\r\n\r\nThe book is the English translation of BOORrapporten 523 (2014, in Dutch, same editors and authors)\r\nLink to DUTCH book: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202014/BOOR/PDF/BOORrapporten%20523%20Rotterdam%20Yangtzehaven.pdf \r\nLink to ENGLISH version: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf\r\n \r\nThe PDF on the Rotterdam.nl website (the right link, in grey, below) is the full Book. It contains a PREFACE, a PART 2 on the stratigraphy of the sand extraction area off the Maasvlakte extension, and an EPILOGUE on a human bone find from that area). The PDF uploaded to academia.edu (the left link, in green, below) is PART 1 only. \r\n","location":"Yangtzehaven, Maasvlakte 2, Port of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","more_info":"Moree, J.M. \u0026 Sier, M. M. (eds.) 2015 Interdisciplinary Archaeological Research Programme Maasvlakte 2, Rotterdam. BOORrapporten 566 ( PART 1, 343 pp.)","publisher":"Gemeente Rotterdam","journal_name":"BOORrapporten","organization":"Maasvlakte 2 Archaeological Committee; Port of Rotterdam Harbour Authority; Gemeente Rotterdam (BOOR archeological department) ","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":3,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"BOORrapporten 566 Interdisciplinary Archaeological Research Programme Maasvlakte 2, Rotterdam."},"translated_abstract":"In 2011 a systematic underwater field survey and an invasive investigation were executed in the Yangtze Harbour planning area, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, commissioned by Port of Rotterdam Authority. The aim of the work was to locate and document any archaeological remains in submerged Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene deposits at a depth of 22m to 17m bsl, in the to-be-deepened and extended harbour. A drowned Lateglacial-Early Holocene floodplain landscape was mapped and a Mesolithic site was discovered in it. The site was visited from c. 8500 to 6500 BC and became a nodal base camp 7000 to 6500 BC, when a wetland landscape had developed around it. Abundant flint tools, bones (of mammals, fish and bird) and plant material (pristine and charred) were recovered and provide information on mobility, diet and use of fire in the Middle Mesolithic. The site rapidly drowned in the transgressing North Sea owing to accelerated sea-level rise events of the period 6500-6300 BC. The site offers a window to the lowland archaeology of the Early Holocene in areas now offshore, that inland sites cannot off. The discoveries allow interregional comparison of delta habitation between the Middle Mesolithic (offshore, at depth in the sea, Doggerland) and Late Mesolithic (onshore, Rhine-Meuse delta, at depth below urbanized coastal plain).\r\n\r\nAuthor list:\r\nBoon, J.J., Brinkhuizen, D.C., Bunnik, F.P.M., Cohen, K.M., Cremer, H., Exaltus, R.P., van Kappel, K., Kooistra, L.I., Koolmees, H., de Kruyk, H., Kubiak-Martens, L., Moree, J.M., Niekus, M.J.L.T., Peeters, J.H.M., Schiltmans, D.E.A., Verbaas, A., Verbruggen, F., Vos, P.C., Zeiler, J.T.\r\n\r\nContents:\r\nChapter 1 Introduction\r\nChapter 2 Methods and techniques \r\nChapter 3 Landscape genesis and palaeogeography \r\nChapter 4 Flint and other stone https://www.academia.edu/11573354/\r\nChapter 5 Fauna \r\nChapter 6 Archaeobotany: landscape reconstruction and plant food\r\nChapter 7 Synthesis https://www.academia.edu/11600300/\r\n\r\n\r\nAuthorship is indicated per chapter. A rich DVD with further technical reports (in Dutch) is part of the publication. It also contains a 15 minute documentary movie (bilingual).\r\n\r\nThe book is the English translation of BOORrapporten 523 (2014, in Dutch, same editors and authors)\r\nLink to DUTCH book: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202014/BOOR/PDF/BOORrapporten%20523%20Rotterdam%20Yangtzehaven.pdf \r\nLink to ENGLISH version: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf\r\n \r\nThe PDF on the Rotterdam.nl website (the right link, in grey, below) is the full Book. It contains a PREFACE, a PART 2 on the stratigraphy of the sand extraction area off the Maasvlakte extension, and an EPILOGUE on a human bone find from that area). The PDF uploaded to academia.edu (the left link, in green, below) is PART 1 only. \r\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11561969/Twenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period_at_the_Yangtze_Harbour_site_Rotterdam_Maasvlakte_the_Netherlands","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-21T00:17:18.545-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":31840,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":306245,"work_id":11561969,"tagging_user_id":31840,"tagged_user_id":1014628,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***s@rug.nl","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":null,"name":"Hans Peeters","title":"Twenty meters deep! The mesolithic period at the Yangtze Harbour site - Rotterdam Maasvlakte, the Netherlands."},{"id":306250,"work_id":11561969,"tagging_user_id":31840,"tagged_user_id":16861048,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***s@aol.com","display_order":null,"name":"Lucy Kubiak-Martens","title":"Twenty meters deep! The mesolithic period at the Yangtze Harbour site - Rotterdam Maasvlakte, the Netherlands."},{"id":306248,"work_id":11561969,"tagging_user_id":31840,"tagged_user_id":8523111,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"k***a@biax.nl","display_order":null,"name":"Laura Kooistra","title":"Twenty meters deep! The mesolithic period at the Yangtze Harbour site - Rotterdam Maasvlakte, the Netherlands."},{"id":306246,"work_id":11561969,"tagging_user_id":31840,"tagged_user_id":1567576,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***s@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":null,"name":"Marcel J L T Niekus","title":"Twenty meters deep! The mesolithic period at the Yangtze Harbour site - Rotterdam Maasvlakte, the Netherlands."}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37054783,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37054783/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MoreeSierEds2015_BR566_PART1_Maasvlakte2_Yangtzeharbour_ENGLISH.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37054783/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Twenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37054783/MoreeSierEds2015_BR566_PART1_Maasvlakte2_Yangtzeharbour_ENGLISH.pdf?1738148629=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTwenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period.pdf\u0026Expires=1743717179\u0026Signature=EKONU5AKLdZtBaXbEBOvvkVRIz1Lzvc4TjxjNqvxmBrmj746gDoE2WIqBMM5ev8j5ou4We4LIXnwU-k9WJ9kyGgPtaW9zwiO1MiFEbQSlTfb60IIJRx5rI7R5gWRxOzo6cUsEgJuLH2m4XqG0Ht9H3hBcJElgC~dpRdjAWGcc4p8BiSi1dnJWvrw10pzbVh3wq9dJ1ksvsX0kRY0u3WUXiPVi5F-TJA6iAcaBE2HbeMce1dZz4QKLPwdy6FvHlZkshr7vYGSykeWstgtHHbbRJWtn3VOHVUJSchkZXsuPE~1b~hqcSAQQ1hKLaRerTV9TGcuAtxiRW2x4uW-BSv8sQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Twenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period_at_the_Yangtze_Harbour_site_Rotterdam_Maasvlakte_the_Netherlands","translated_slug":"","page_count":345,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"In 2011 a systematic underwater field survey and an invasive investigation were executed in the Yangtze Harbour planning area, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, commissioned by Port of Rotterdam Authority. The aim of the work was to locate and document any archaeological remains in submerged Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene deposits at a depth of 22m to 17m bsl, in the to-be-deepened and extended harbour. A drowned Lateglacial-Early Holocene floodplain landscape was mapped and a Mesolithic site was discovered in it. The site was visited from c. 8500 to 6500 BC and became a nodal base camp 7000 to 6500 BC, when a wetland landscape had developed around it. Abundant flint tools, bones (of mammals, fish and bird) and plant material (pristine and charred) were recovered and provide information on mobility, diet and use of fire in the Middle Mesolithic. The site rapidly drowned in the transgressing North Sea owing to accelerated sea-level rise events of the period 6500-6300 BC. The site offers a window to the lowland archaeology of the Early Holocene in areas now offshore, that inland sites cannot off. The discoveries allow interregional comparison of delta habitation between the Middle Mesolithic (offshore, at depth in the sea, Doggerland) and Late Mesolithic (onshore, Rhine-Meuse delta, at depth below urbanized coastal plain).\r\n\r\nAuthor list:\r\nBoon, J.J., Brinkhuizen, D.C., Bunnik, F.P.M., Cohen, K.M., Cremer, H., Exaltus, R.P., van Kappel, K., Kooistra, L.I., Koolmees, H., de Kruyk, H., Kubiak-Martens, L., Moree, J.M., Niekus, M.J.L.T., Peeters, J.H.M., Schiltmans, D.E.A., Verbaas, A., Verbruggen, F., Vos, P.C., Zeiler, J.T.\r\n\r\nContents:\r\nChapter 1 Introduction\r\nChapter 2 Methods and techniques \r\nChapter 3 Landscape genesis and palaeogeography \r\nChapter 4 Flint and other stone https://www.academia.edu/11573354/\r\nChapter 5 Fauna \r\nChapter 6 Archaeobotany: landscape reconstruction and plant food\r\nChapter 7 Synthesis https://www.academia.edu/11600300/\r\n\r\n\r\nAuthorship is indicated per chapter. A rich DVD with further technical reports (in Dutch) is part of the publication. It also contains a 15 minute documentary movie (bilingual).\r\n\r\nThe book is the English translation of BOORrapporten 523 (2014, in Dutch, same editors and authors)\r\nLink to DUTCH book: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202014/BOOR/PDF/BOORrapporten%20523%20Rotterdam%20Yangtzehaven.pdf \r\nLink to ENGLISH version: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf\r\n \r\nThe PDF on the Rotterdam.nl website (the right link, in grey, below) is the full Book. It contains a PREFACE, a PART 2 on the stratigraphy of the sand extraction area off the Maasvlakte extension, and an EPILOGUE on a human bone find from that area). The PDF uploaded to academia.edu (the left link, in green, below) is PART 1 only. \r\n","owner":{"id":31840,"first_name":"Kim","middle_initials":"M","last_name":"Cohen","page_name":"KimCohen","domain_name":"uu","created_at":"2009-02-16T03:14:09.961-08:00","display_name":"Kim M Cohen","url":"https://uu.academia.edu/KimCohen"},"attachments":[{"id":37054783,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37054783/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MoreeSierEds2015_BR566_PART1_Maasvlakte2_Yangtzeharbour_ENGLISH.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37054783/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Twenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37054783/MoreeSierEds2015_BR566_PART1_Maasvlakte2_Yangtzeharbour_ENGLISH.pdf?1738148629=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTwenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period.pdf\u0026Expires=1743717179\u0026Signature=EKONU5AKLdZtBaXbEBOvvkVRIz1Lzvc4TjxjNqvxmBrmj746gDoE2WIqBMM5ev8j5ou4We4LIXnwU-k9WJ9kyGgPtaW9zwiO1MiFEbQSlTfb60IIJRx5rI7R5gWRxOzo6cUsEgJuLH2m4XqG0Ht9H3hBcJElgC~dpRdjAWGcc4p8BiSi1dnJWvrw10pzbVh3wq9dJ1ksvsX0kRY0u3WUXiPVi5F-TJA6iAcaBE2HbeMce1dZz4QKLPwdy6FvHlZkshr7vYGSykeWstgtHHbbRJWtn3VOHVUJSchkZXsuPE~1b~hqcSAQQ1hKLaRerTV9TGcuAtxiRW2x4uW-BSv8sQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1286,"name":"Coastal Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coastal_Engineering"},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology"},{"id":3110,"name":"Marine Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Geology"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":31619,"name":"Ports and Harbours","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ports_and_Harbours"},{"id":32163,"name":"Holocene sea level change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocene_sea_level_change"},{"id":42252,"name":"Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Pleistocene_to_Early_Holocene"},{"id":62849,"name":"Submerged landscapes and settlements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_landscapes_and_settlements"},{"id":81995,"name":"Marine geology and geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_geology_and_geophysics"},{"id":150286,"name":"Mesolithic Wetlands, Dogger Bank, North Sea Early Seafaring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Wetlands_Dogger_Bank_North_Sea_Early_Seafaring"},{"id":291062,"name":"Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_Prehistoric_Archaeology"},{"id":691877,"name":"Holocene Evolution of Deltas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocene_Evolution_of_Deltas"}],"urls":[{"id":4613588,"url":"http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-11561969-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9956670"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9956670/Rensink_E_and_H_Peeters_eds_2006_Preserving_the_Early_Past_Investigation_selection_and_preservation_of_Palaeolithic_and_Mesolithic_sites_and_landscapes_Amersfoort_Nederlandse_Archeologische_Rapporten_31_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Rensink, E. & H. Peeters (eds.) 2006. Preserving the Early Past. Investigation, selection and preservation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sites and landscapes. Amersfoort (Nederlandse Archeologische Rapporten 31). " class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/36104472/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9956670/Rensink_E_and_H_Peeters_eds_2006_Preserving_the_Early_Past_Investigation_selection_and_preservation_of_Palaeolithic_and_Mesolithic_sites_and_landscapes_Amersfoort_Nederlandse_Archeologische_Rapporten_31_">Rensink, E. & H. Peeters (eds.) 2006. Preserving the Early Past. Investigation, selection and preservation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sites and landscapes. Amersfoort (Nederlandse Archeologische Rapporten 31). </a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://cultureelerfgoed.academia.edu/EelcoRensink">Eelco Rensink</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Lay-out: I/O-graph, Utrecht Cover design: E. van As Printed by: Plantijn Casparie, Almere</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="686e8bad9e2b419ca01c447bf8270cf8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":36104472,"asset_id":9956670,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36104472/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9956670"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9956670"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9956670; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9956670]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9956670]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9956670; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='9956670']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "686e8bad9e2b419ca01c447bf8270cf8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=9956670]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":9956670,"title":"Rensink, E. \u0026 H. 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Animations (PPT-format) of models of landscape change, resource suitability and perception surfaces are available on request.","ai_abstract":"The research focuses on the archaeological significance of Dutch wetlands during the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods, arguing for a model of land use dynamics that incorporates both foraging and early farming societies. By examining the historical neglect of wetlands in archaeological studies and proposing new perspectives on how these landscapes were utilized, the authors aim to enhance archaeological heritage management practices. The paper emphasizes the ecological richness of these environments and the need to reevaluate their role in past human societies.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2007,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1136124/Hoge_Vaart_A27_in_context_towards_a_model_of_Mesolithic_Neolithic_land_use_dynamics_as_a_framework_for_archaeological_heritage_management","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2011-12-04T22:37:51.168-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34376944,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/34376944/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PhD_Peeters_Hoge_Vaart_-_A27_in_context_low_resolution.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34376944/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Hoge_Vaart_A27_in_context_towards_a_mode.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/34376944/PhD_Peeters_Hoge_Vaart_-_A27_in_context_low_resolution.pdf?1738119042=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHoge_Vaart_A27_in_context_towards_a_mode.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=W5QXgFBKTx1kc3CCk4o1l0Zcv4Y9HTF4ErDwKPjOFBI9veNABGn996gB-o~pkSOn3yj89pWMh5eicZcB8ZZGapuhjO5cCgWihyoLGQ4akoNUhCP50uhCbVcZXR-1-aEmFqXOPxWjpTsmYCRlDZqglM~iIxZfdMLAR4A2FmZqCwSMEXwN10vi3Y6VFVZ6764EGn5kq1toxCzk1HJslMS7CVZIiiv4jHN4yUv-~cK7t1wAUXV~s~88CmLcgcpv5eTPMw-yi4GXHbsnElg1FJT2VoRlNHEJH9wR5bHBsj93P890JHChoDydNUTKmOzVemOhE-eE4N00kBZCwwBRELzA4Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Hoge_Vaart_A27_in_context_towards_a_model_of_Mesolithic_Neolithic_land_use_dynamics_as_a_framework_for_archaeological_heritage_management","translated_slug":"","page_count":344,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":34376944,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/34376944/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PhD_Peeters_Hoge_Vaart_-_A27_in_context_low_resolution.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34376944/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Hoge_Vaart_A27_in_context_towards_a_mode.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/34376944/PhD_Peeters_Hoge_Vaart_-_A27_in_context_low_resolution.pdf?1738119042=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHoge_Vaart_A27_in_context_towards_a_mode.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=W5QXgFBKTx1kc3CCk4o1l0Zcv4Y9HTF4ErDwKPjOFBI9veNABGn996gB-o~pkSOn3yj89pWMh5eicZcB8ZZGapuhjO5cCgWihyoLGQ4akoNUhCP50uhCbVcZXR-1-aEmFqXOPxWjpTsmYCRlDZqglM~iIxZfdMLAR4A2FmZqCwSMEXwN10vi3Y6VFVZ6764EGn5kq1toxCzk1HJslMS7CVZIiiv4jHN4yUv-~cK7t1wAUXV~s~88CmLcgcpv5eTPMw-yi4GXHbsnElg1FJT2VoRlNHEJH9wR5bHBsj93P890JHChoDydNUTKmOzVemOhE-eE4N00kBZCwwBRELzA4Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":8184,"name":"Hunters, Fishers and Gatherers' Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunters_Fishers_and_Gatherers_Archaeology"},{"id":14402,"name":"Landscapes in prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscapes_in_prehistory"},{"id":19405,"name":"Cultural Heritage Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage_Management"},{"id":24535,"name":"Archaeological Predictive Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Predictive_Modeling"},{"id":26089,"name":"Mesolithic Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Europe"},{"id":30976,"name":"Mesolithic/Neolithic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Neolithic"},{"id":257153,"name":"Spatial Analysis and Predictive Modelling in Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Analysis_and_Predictive_Modelling_in_Archaeology"}],"urls":[{"id":1972435,"url":"http://dare.uva.nl/document/42380"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-1136124-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Book Chapters" id="Book Chapters"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Book Chapters by Hans Peeters</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="89870306"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/89870306/Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mesolithic landscapes and where to hunt big game everywhere or ???" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591382/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/89870306/Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_">Mesolithic landscapes and where to hunt big game everywhere or ???</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ku-dk.academia.edu/OleGr%C3%B8n">Ole Grøn</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Hidden Dimensions</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">As much as ‘hunting’ is a central theme in archaeological hunter-gatherer research, as little do ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">As much as ‘hunting’ is a central theme in archaeological hunter-gatherer research, as little do we actually know about the specificities of hunting strategies and how this has influenced the cultural structuring of landscapes. It is often assumed that game was hunted anywhere, but the question is whether this was the case. Firstly, the archaeological<br />picture of hunting practices and technology is biased by the overrepresentation of sites characterised by quantities of knapped lithics – the interpretation of sites with no or only little lithics is difficult, notably due to the fact that non-lithic materials are often not preserved. Secondly, there is an underestimation of the importance of non-lithic material<br />culture directly or indirectly related to hunting and landscape exploitation. Thirdly, hunting can encompass various strategies, which are associated with different uses of materials and structures in different parts of the landscape. Choices that have been made will certainly have depended on the knowledge about animal behaviour and landscape structure, with an important role for rivers, lakes and seashores. Taking differences in<br />geographical and environmental conditions, as well as variability in hunting strategies and technology into consideration, this paper attempts to identify some tendencies with regard to the hunting of key species of big game (reindeer/caribou; elk/moose; red deer; roe deer; wild boar) in Mesolithic/Late Stone Age landscapes in north-western Europe. The most important aspects of the behaviour of these species are discussed, notably seasonal variations with regard to group composition, occurrence in the landscape, and daily feeding and drinking patterns. Next, we discuss aspects of hunting, notably the establishment of the presence of game, the spotting and approaching prey, and the wounding and following of prey. This is followed by a brief look at the archaeological evidence for big game hunting and aspects of landscape structure in the Mesolithic of<br />north-western Europe. In this context, the presence of sites with deep pits in various part of the region is particularly interesting in contrast to sites characterised by high densities of lithics. Drawing from these insights, we discuss some factors that may have influenced the emergence of archaeological patterns of geographical diversity in parts of Scandinavia<br />and the Netherlands, corresponding to landscape zones with relatively high densities of lithics, in contrast to sites and landscape zones with no or very few lithics.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="47dcf2fee8ad10d463f2b3a794ceef39" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93591382,"asset_id":89870306,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591382/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="89870306"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="89870306"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89870306; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89870306]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89870306]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89870306; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='89870306']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "47dcf2fee8ad10d463f2b3a794ceef39" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=89870306]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":89870306,"title":"Mesolithic landscapes and where to hunt big game everywhere or ???","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"As much as ‘hunting’ is a central theme in archaeological hunter-gatherer research, as little do we actually know about the specificities of hunting strategies and how this has influenced the cultural structuring of landscapes. It is often assumed that game was hunted anywhere, but the question is whether this was the case. Firstly, the archaeological\npicture of hunting practices and technology is biased by the overrepresentation of sites characterised by quantities of knapped lithics – the interpretation of sites with no or only little lithics is difficult, notably due to the fact that non-lithic materials are often not preserved. Secondly, there is an underestimation of the importance of non-lithic material\nculture directly or indirectly related to hunting and landscape exploitation. Thirdly, hunting can encompass various strategies, which are associated with different uses of materials and structures in different parts of the landscape. Choices that have been made will certainly have depended on the knowledge about animal behaviour and landscape structure, with an important role for rivers, lakes and seashores. Taking differences in\ngeographical and environmental conditions, as well as variability in hunting strategies and technology into consideration, this paper attempts to identify some tendencies with regard to the hunting of key species of big game (reindeer/caribou; elk/moose; red deer; roe deer; wild boar) in Mesolithic/Late Stone Age landscapes in north-western Europe. The most important aspects of the behaviour of these species are discussed, notably seasonal variations with regard to group composition, occurrence in the landscape, and daily feeding and drinking patterns. Next, we discuss aspects of hunting, notably the establishment of the presence of game, the spotting and approaching prey, and the wounding and following of prey. This is followed by a brief look at the archaeological evidence for big game hunting and aspects of landscape structure in the Mesolithic of\nnorth-western Europe. In this context, the presence of sites with deep pits in various part of the region is particularly interesting in contrast to sites characterised by high densities of lithics. Drawing from these insights, we discuss some factors that may have influenced the emergence of archaeological patterns of geographical diversity in parts of Scandinavia\nand the Netherlands, corresponding to landscape zones with relatively high densities of lithics, in contrast to sites and landscape zones with no or very few lithics.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Hidden Dimensions"},"translated_abstract":"As much as ‘hunting’ is a central theme in archaeological hunter-gatherer research, as little do we actually know about the specificities of hunting strategies and how this has influenced the cultural structuring of landscapes. It is often assumed that game was hunted anywhere, but the question is whether this was the case. Firstly, the archaeological\npicture of hunting practices and technology is biased by the overrepresentation of sites characterised by quantities of knapped lithics – the interpretation of sites with no or only little lithics is difficult, notably due to the fact that non-lithic materials are often not preserved. Secondly, there is an underestimation of the importance of non-lithic material\nculture directly or indirectly related to hunting and landscape exploitation. Thirdly, hunting can encompass various strategies, which are associated with different uses of materials and structures in different parts of the landscape. Choices that have been made will certainly have depended on the knowledge about animal behaviour and landscape structure, with an important role for rivers, lakes and seashores. Taking differences in\ngeographical and environmental conditions, as well as variability in hunting strategies and technology into consideration, this paper attempts to identify some tendencies with regard to the hunting of key species of big game (reindeer/caribou; elk/moose; red deer; roe deer; wild boar) in Mesolithic/Late Stone Age landscapes in north-western Europe. The most important aspects of the behaviour of these species are discussed, notably seasonal variations with regard to group composition, occurrence in the landscape, and daily feeding and drinking patterns. Next, we discuss aspects of hunting, notably the establishment of the presence of game, the spotting and approaching prey, and the wounding and following of prey. This is followed by a brief look at the archaeological evidence for big game hunting and aspects of landscape structure in the Mesolithic of\nnorth-western Europe. In this context, the presence of sites with deep pits in various part of the region is particularly interesting in contrast to sites characterised by high densities of lithics. Drawing from these insights, we discuss some factors that may have influenced the emergence of archaeological patterns of geographical diversity in parts of Scandinavia\nand the Netherlands, corresponding to landscape zones with relatively high densities of lithics, in contrast to sites and landscape zones with no or very few lithics.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89870306/Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-03T05:42:54.508-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":39010754,"work_id":89870306,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":2172766,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"o***1@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Copenhagen","display_order":1,"name":"Ole Grøn","title":"Mesolithic landscapes and where to hunt big game everywhere or ???"},{"id":39010755,"work_id":89870306,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":62569261,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***t@yahoo.com","display_order":2,"name":"David Voght","title":"Mesolithic landscapes and where to hunt big game everywhere or ???"},{"id":39010756,"work_id":89870306,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":8468892,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"e***d@mae.u-paris10.fr","display_order":3,"name":"Eva David","title":"Mesolithic landscapes and where to hunt big game everywhere or ???"},{"id":39010757,"work_id":89870306,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":8860940,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***k@tele2.se","display_order":4,"name":"Robert Hernek","title":"Mesolithic landscapes and where to hunt big game everywhere or ???"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":93591382,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591382/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"06_Hidden_Dimensions_Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_2022.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591382/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93591382/06_Hidden_Dimensions_Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_2022-libre.pdf?1667482997=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt.pdf\u0026Expires=1743714520\u0026Signature=JFLhoqG6JRHxHVhXrsoA1iIB5pTJ4PCJ0844RM4dJOqa8SxGyasrPG6v0zfAOWVA~l~EosAooPXzhg-hUUQmNCpCj2F6j4a~vj1khbQl5a0XdvNakbrx3PIfDw25Kku3WXK4~LRC7vRT8xHpW8dyKGLjewKrZkXHJ~fPjx71Q4X1Cn2a01KlquwLh6FRTZZYUw1vY0QRd5eGKnZREzQ~6h~tjVNnVKWKK8A1-xJdgQOP8629eeeMuecF2M8pEn5RZO0gokOsbJJLdQ63g0TRi8pbbuM5ljnTNiolWKrIK8GHN1TdEIguiaUZJD9R76Xvv-r5KH42RFPUQHaakr3PLg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_","translated_slug":"","page_count":44,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"As much as ‘hunting’ is a central theme in archaeological hunter-gatherer research, as little do we actually know about the specificities of hunting strategies and how this has influenced the cultural structuring of landscapes. It is often assumed that game was hunted anywhere, but the question is whether this was the case. Firstly, the archaeological\npicture of hunting practices and technology is biased by the overrepresentation of sites characterised by quantities of knapped lithics – the interpretation of sites with no or only little lithics is difficult, notably due to the fact that non-lithic materials are often not preserved. Secondly, there is an underestimation of the importance of non-lithic material\nculture directly or indirectly related to hunting and landscape exploitation. Thirdly, hunting can encompass various strategies, which are associated with different uses of materials and structures in different parts of the landscape. Choices that have been made will certainly have depended on the knowledge about animal behaviour and landscape structure, with an important role for rivers, lakes and seashores. Taking differences in\ngeographical and environmental conditions, as well as variability in hunting strategies and technology into consideration, this paper attempts to identify some tendencies with regard to the hunting of key species of big game (reindeer/caribou; elk/moose; red deer; roe deer; wild boar) in Mesolithic/Late Stone Age landscapes in north-western Europe. The most important aspects of the behaviour of these species are discussed, notably seasonal variations with regard to group composition, occurrence in the landscape, and daily feeding and drinking patterns. Next, we discuss aspects of hunting, notably the establishment of the presence of game, the spotting and approaching prey, and the wounding and following of prey. This is followed by a brief look at the archaeological evidence for big game hunting and aspects of landscape structure in the Mesolithic of\nnorth-western Europe. In this context, the presence of sites with deep pits in various part of the region is particularly interesting in contrast to sites characterised by high densities of lithics. Drawing from these insights, we discuss some factors that may have influenced the emergence of archaeological patterns of geographical diversity in parts of Scandinavia\nand the Netherlands, corresponding to landscape zones with relatively high densities of lithics, in contrast to sites and landscape zones with no or very few lithics.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":93591382,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591382/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"06_Hidden_Dimensions_Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_2022.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591382/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93591382/06_Hidden_Dimensions_Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_2022-libre.pdf?1667482997=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt.pdf\u0026Expires=1743714520\u0026Signature=JFLhoqG6JRHxHVhXrsoA1iIB5pTJ4PCJ0844RM4dJOqa8SxGyasrPG6v0zfAOWVA~l~EosAooPXzhg-hUUQmNCpCj2F6j4a~vj1khbQl5a0XdvNakbrx3PIfDw25Kku3WXK4~LRC7vRT8xHpW8dyKGLjewKrZkXHJ~fPjx71Q4X1Cn2a01KlquwLh6FRTZZYUw1vY0QRd5eGKnZREzQ~6h~tjVNnVKWKK8A1-xJdgQOP8629eeeMuecF2M8pEn5RZO0gokOsbJJLdQ63g0TRi8pbbuM5ljnTNiolWKrIK8GHN1TdEIguiaUZJD9R76Xvv-r5KH42RFPUQHaakr3PLg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology"},{"id":32948,"name":"Hunter-Gatherers (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherers_Anthropology_"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"},{"id":970217,"name":"Hunter gatherer Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter_gatherer_Ecology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-89870306-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="89869850"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/89869850/Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cultural dynamics in Stone Age hunter gatherers hidden dimensions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591039/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/89869850/Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions">Cultural dynamics in Stone Age hunter gatherers hidden dimensions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Hidden Dimensions</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Whereas the ‘cultural groups’ of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in archaeology typically are distingu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Whereas the ‘cultural groups’ of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in archaeology typically are distinguished and classified on the basis of the typology of knapped lithics – whereby lithics are assumed to reflect these people’s territorial configurations as well as their cultural interactions – the reality becomes considerably more complicated when one is in a position to observe the organic dimensions of material culture and the way this component is used among living hunter-gatherers. Despite variations among different cultures, the organic part of their material culture seems to dominate significantly over the lithic component, in terms of both time investment in its manufacture and its role in cultural dynamics and interaction. Concerning the question of the arrival or development (i.e. diffusion or independent invention) of new cultural elements or traits, it also becomes clear that different cultural elements can follow different patterns of diffusion, in combination with different types of independent local inventiveness. The ‘currents of cultural influence’ affecting a human culture can, thus, be different for different parts of its material culture, e.g. its knapped lithics technology, its hafting methods, its clothing ornamentation, its burial customs, and so on. Such a complex, multi-layered cultural interaction pattern will in most cases be impossible to reconstruct archaeologically, but it is nevertheless important to keep the likelihood of this layering of interactions in mind,<br />so that we do not lure ourselves into the illusion that the patterns distinguishable in lithic industries necessarily correspond to other, possibly more significant cultural influences that we are unable to reconstruct.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="061dff4f6c92ed1558a7a20388a3782f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93591039,"asset_id":89869850,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591039/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="89869850"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="89869850"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89869850; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89869850]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89869850]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89869850; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='89869850']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "061dff4f6c92ed1558a7a20388a3782f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=89869850]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":89869850,"title":"Cultural dynamics in Stone Age hunter gatherers hidden dimensions","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Whereas the ‘cultural groups’ of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in archaeology typically are distinguished and classified on the basis of the typology of knapped lithics – whereby lithics are assumed to reflect these people’s territorial configurations as well as their cultural interactions – the reality becomes considerably more complicated when one is in a position to observe the organic dimensions of material culture and the way this component is used among living hunter-gatherers. Despite variations among different cultures, the organic part of their material culture seems to dominate significantly over the lithic component, in terms of both time investment in its manufacture and its role in cultural dynamics and interaction. Concerning the question of the arrival or development (i.e. diffusion or independent invention) of new cultural elements or traits, it also becomes clear that different cultural elements can follow different patterns of diffusion, in combination with different types of independent local inventiveness. The ‘currents of cultural influence’ affecting a human culture can, thus, be different for different parts of its material culture, e.g. its knapped lithics technology, its hafting methods, its clothing ornamentation, its burial customs, and so on. Such a complex, multi-layered cultural interaction pattern will in most cases be impossible to reconstruct archaeologically, but it is nevertheless important to keep the likelihood of this layering of interactions in mind,\nso that we do not lure ourselves into the illusion that the patterns distinguishable in lithic industries necessarily correspond to other, possibly more significant cultural influences that we are unable to reconstruct.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Hidden Dimensions"},"translated_abstract":"Whereas the ‘cultural groups’ of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in archaeology typically are distinguished and classified on the basis of the typology of knapped lithics – whereby lithics are assumed to reflect these people’s territorial configurations as well as their cultural interactions – the reality becomes considerably more complicated when one is in a position to observe the organic dimensions of material culture and the way this component is used among living hunter-gatherers. 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Such a complex, multi-layered cultural interaction pattern will in most cases be impossible to reconstruct archaeologically, but it is nevertheless important to keep the likelihood of this layering of interactions in mind,\nso that we do not lure ourselves into the illusion that the patterns distinguishable in lithic industries necessarily correspond to other, possibly more significant cultural influences that we are unable to reconstruct.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89869850/Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-03T05:36:28.466-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":39010714,"work_id":89869850,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":2172766,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"o***1@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Copenhagen","display_order":1,"name":"Ole Grøn","title":"Cultural dynamics in Stone Age hunter gatherers hidden dimensions"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":93591039,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591039/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"01_Hidden_Dimensions_Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions_2022.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591039/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_ga.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93591039/01_Hidden_Dimensions_Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions_2022-libre.pdf?1667482988=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_ga.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720211\u0026Signature=bL~IgR9eP8NONGgQHI8GHWI4s9Z2x~8vhSWbm4uhEgjLBbCVu9yE4VqBqEALBqX3MK~kV8fRN3rv1wMsrToO2Pvs4qk8xpeX4QJ3vyF7m~nR5OrZz8Pgs3HPau-Qf1xKcxSM2-PicObHnJw1kh54xh8cglxBrF9seDZJ0uxTSLtYDPIeGjUY1qHCxKdY31T0isEvKx3mSs3pZGBGEE9ymQmCpxxfrRP3cIUWpZqwRki5CJhdaNO1JiBRhOgzqn-iS2hj0C~Yg2Bf9o0zqdkdbgtpjlP8cW~7Fh9zBdq3oGatSDl9cGtIGPpEbifoM4OnQSgG1vjLZIXHZzOH92~63Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions","translated_slug":"","page_count":22,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Whereas the ‘cultural groups’ of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in archaeology typically are distinguished and classified on the basis of the typology of knapped lithics – whereby lithics are assumed to reflect these people’s territorial configurations as well as their cultural interactions – the reality becomes considerably more complicated when one is in a position to observe the organic dimensions of material culture and the way this component is used among living hunter-gatherers. Despite variations among different cultures, the organic part of their material culture seems to dominate significantly over the lithic component, in terms of both time investment in its manufacture and its role in cultural dynamics and interaction. Concerning the question of the arrival or development (i.e. diffusion or independent invention) of new cultural elements or traits, it also becomes clear that different cultural elements can follow different patterns of diffusion, in combination with different types of independent local inventiveness. The ‘currents of cultural influence’ affecting a human culture can, thus, be different for different parts of its material culture, e.g. its knapped lithics technology, its hafting methods, its clothing ornamentation, its burial customs, and so on. Such a complex, multi-layered cultural interaction pattern will in most cases be impossible to reconstruct archaeologically, but it is nevertheless important to keep the likelihood of this layering of interactions in mind,\nso that we do not lure ourselves into the illusion that the patterns distinguishable in lithic industries necessarily correspond to other, possibly more significant cultural influences that we are unable to reconstruct.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":93591039,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591039/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"01_Hidden_Dimensions_Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions_2022.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591039/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_ga.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93591039/01_Hidden_Dimensions_Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions_2022-libre.pdf?1667482988=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_ga.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720211\u0026Signature=bL~IgR9eP8NONGgQHI8GHWI4s9Z2x~8vhSWbm4uhEgjLBbCVu9yE4VqBqEALBqX3MK~kV8fRN3rv1wMsrToO2Pvs4qk8xpeX4QJ3vyF7m~nR5OrZz8Pgs3HPau-Qf1xKcxSM2-PicObHnJw1kh54xh8cglxBrF9seDZJ0uxTSLtYDPIeGjUY1qHCxKdY31T0isEvKx3mSs3pZGBGEE9ymQmCpxxfrRP3cIUWpZqwRki5CJhdaNO1JiBRhOgzqn-iS2hj0C~Yg2Bf9o0zqdkdbgtpjlP8cW~7Fh9zBdq3oGatSDl9cGtIGPpEbifoM4OnQSgG1vjLZIXHZzOH92~63Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":24828,"name":"Lithics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithics"},{"id":32948,"name":"Hunter-Gatherers (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherers_Anthropology_"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"},{"id":119264,"name":"Bone Tools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Tools"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-89869850-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11600300"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11600300/Synthesis_Yangtze_Harbour_Mesolithic"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis Yangtze Harbour Mesolithic" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37078221/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11600300/Synthesis_Yangtze_Harbour_Mesolithic">Synthesis Yangtze Harbour Mesolithic</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is the synthesis chapter that discusses the results of the investigations at the Mesolithic ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is the synthesis chapter that discusses the results of the investigations at the Mesolithic site in the Rotterdam Yangtze Harbour in a broader spatio-temporal context.  The entire book entitled '20 meters deep' is also available!</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-11600300-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-11600300-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718924/figure-7-birds-eye-view-of-the-yangtze-harbour-planning-area"><img alt="Fig. 7.1. Bird’s-eye view of the Yangtze Harbour planning area around 6750 BC. The drier parts are covered with deciduous woodland; the wetter parts support alder and subsequently reed fringes. At further distance inland lakes appear; at the horizon (looking south), the higher coversand area marking the edge of the estuary can just be made out. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718927/figure-7-core-ba-from-target-zone-west-from-bottom-to-top-it"><img alt="Fig. 7.2. Core B37A0677/W-08 from Target zone West. From bottom to top, it shows successively: Early Holocene fluvial clay with clearly identifiable soils (KRWY) and Basal Peat (NIBA), contemporary with the site’s Middle Mesolithic occupation; freshwater tidal deposits (EC) and estuarine deposits (NAWO) from the period of rapid drowning by the sea from 6500 BC onwards; and young marine sediments (SBBL) of the past 2500 years. The harbour floor (marked 00-, top left) lay at 17.32m - asl. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718931/figure-7-distribution-of-wommersom-quartzite-used-as-raw"><img alt="Fig. 7.3. Distribution of Wommersom quartzite used as a raw material for tools during the Middle and Late Mesolithic (after Gendel 1984 and 1987, see Louwe Kooijmans, van den Broeke, Fokkens, and van Gijn 2005, with additional data from the sites Rotterdam-Beverwaard Tramremise, Rotterdam-’t Hart, Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour, and Hoge Vaart A27 in Flevoland). Based on the wetland context of the sites from Rotterdam and Hoge Vaart, a tentative northern boundary of the distribution area is indicated in pink. The yellow dot marks the location where the Wommersom quartzite outcrops, and was quarried; Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour is indicated with a red dot. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718936/figure-7-location-of-the-discussed-mesolithic-sites-in-and"><img alt="Fig. 7.4. Location of the discussed Mesolithic sites in and around Rotterdam, in relation to the river-dune complexes identified by detailed mapping programmes (compiled by: Municipality of Rotterdam Archaeological Service BOOR) 1. Rotterdam-Maasvlakte 1; 2. Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour; 3. Rotterdam-Emplacement Centraal Station; 4. Rotterdam-Hillegersberg; 5. Rotterdam-Grindweg/Argonautenweg; 6. Rotterdam-Bergse Bos; 7. Rotterdam-De Velden; 8. Rotterdam-Blankenburgstraat/Hoogviietstraat; 9. Rotterdam-’t Hart; 10. Rotterdam-lJsselmonde; 11. Rotterdam-Beverwaard Tramremise; 12. Hardinxveld-De Bruin; 13. Hardinxveld-Polderweg. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718942/figure-7-schematic-section-showing-the-anatomy-of-the-rhine"><img alt="Fig. 7.5. Schematic section showing the anatomy of the Rhine-Meuse delta, with time lines indicating water-table rise and drowning. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718951/figure-7-the-holocene-flooding-of-the-north-sea-deeper-parts"><img alt="Fig. 7.6. The Holocene flooding of the North Sea. Deeper parts (darker shade of blue) drowned between 8000 and 7000 BC. The presumed coastline position at 7000 BC and a beach-barrier alignment breached by tidal inlets are indicated, the latter by a dotted line. Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour is marked with the red dot. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718957/figure-7-the-storrega-tsunami-occurring-between-and-bc-the"><img alt="Fig. 7.7. The Storrega tsunami, occurring between 6250 and 5950 BC. The position of the Dutch coastline at the time of the tsunami is uncertain (cf Fig. 7.6). The red dot indicates the location of Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718963/figure-7-northwestern-europe-around-bc-the-progressive-sea"><img alt="Fig. 7.8. Northwestern Europe around 8000 BC. The progressive sea-level rise eventually turned the Dogger uplands into a North Sea island, and drowned them altogether around 6250 BC. Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour is indicated with the red dot. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718972/figure-9-synthesis-yangtze-harbour-mesolithic"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718981/figure-7-scatter-diagram-of-uncalibrated-radiocarbon-dates"><img alt="Fig. 7.10. Scatter diagram of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates and elevations above prehistoric sea level. In addition to Niekus 2006 (black dots, N = 393; plotted in relation to the sea-level rise curve of the northern Netherlands). With additional data from the Yangtze Harbour (the present report), Hardinxveld- Polderweg, and Hardinxveld-De Bruin (Out 2009), Willemstad (van Es and Casparie 1968; van de Plassche 1982; Amkreuz 2013) and several Rotterdam site: (see Table 7.3, data from the site list attached to the ROaA, in preparation), plotted in relation to the sea-level rise curve of the Rhine-Meuse estuary (Hijma and Cohen 2010). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718991/table-7-the-identified-species-macrofauna-and-their-various"><img alt="Table 7.1 The identified species (macrofauna) and their various natural habitats. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51719008/table-7-overview-of-identified-plant-food-resources-all"><img alt="Table 7.2 Overview of identified plant-food resources (all found in charred remains). * AMS radiocarbon-dated. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51719012/table-3-synthesis-yangtze-harbour-mesolithic"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-11600300-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cdf6bff7bab47331c9cfd4abcd9b395e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37078221,"asset_id":11600300,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37078221/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11600300"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11600300"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11600300; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11600300]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11600300]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11600300; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11600300']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cdf6bff7bab47331c9cfd4abcd9b395e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11600300]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11600300,"title":"Synthesis Yangtze Harbour Mesolithic","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This is the synthesis chapter that discusses the results of the investigations at the Mesolithic site in the Rotterdam Yangtze Harbour in a broader spatio-temporal context. 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Mesolithicum in de Yangtzehaven-Maasvlakte te Rotterdam. (BOORrapporten 523)</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Landschapsontwikkeling en bewoning in het Vroeg Holoceen J.M. Moree en M.M. Sier (red.) Met bijdr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Landschapsontwikkeling en bewoning in het Vroeg Holoceen J.M. Moree en M.M. Sier (red.) 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The initiative leverages historical excavation data to generate new insights into subsistence, settlement patterns, and human-landscape interactions within this notable cultural landscape.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2012,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nederlandse Archeologische Rapporten 43"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7179123/Introduction_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single_Grave_Culture_site_of_Keinsmerbrug","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2014-05-27T17:39:34.989-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33808575,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33808575/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"NAR_043_Keinsmerbrug_Introduction.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33808575/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Introduction_of_the_monograph_on_the_Sin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33808575/NAR_043_Keinsmerbrug_Introduction-libre.pdf?1401237335=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntroduction_of_the_monograph_on_the_Sin.pdf\u0026Expires=1743484965\u0026Signature=EnfGftU0n7q2xfR790hiPOLws0Em528HpfnZ2FRN0hmI3-kCYFdwqpmdM2nKJJl7iLqALB6KgcvUBgLMTkDrhzxh32aMhZuYY9XOHY79JDdaUMr8DwFx7t-UaACFICsZxyK43bi4-dWYWlDQyZ2Ugww77gjuy8Dz~BWaLoRJIoZw-fj~DAexd~vZOB~wnCGuHfQ5epvlPm6kcHE9CD0Eu~10O239ZdRbWs9cwAiom2Q0mzBvUr3fgtk8UDIQHq7IeynFEn5cnw3zEPK5LNsG84tTizm~iNW9xkOhkURKpZ1azrbEXE-~MbS3rONvWqZrYMISs8jSCJ2w-oqTdBc7qQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Introduction_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single_Grave_Culture_site_of_Keinsmerbrug","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":33808575,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33808575/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"NAR_043_Keinsmerbrug_Introduction.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33808575/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Introduction_of_the_monograph_on_the_Sin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33808575/NAR_043_Keinsmerbrug_Introduction-libre.pdf?1401237335=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntroduction_of_the_monograph_on_the_Sin.pdf\u0026Expires=1743484965\u0026Signature=EnfGftU0n7q2xfR790hiPOLws0Em528HpfnZ2FRN0hmI3-kCYFdwqpmdM2nKJJl7iLqALB6KgcvUBgLMTkDrhzxh32aMhZuYY9XOHY79JDdaUMr8DwFx7t-UaACFICsZxyK43bi4-dWYWlDQyZ2Ugww77gjuy8Dz~BWaLoRJIoZw-fj~DAexd~vZOB~wnCGuHfQ5epvlPm6kcHE9CD0Eu~10O239ZdRbWs9cwAiom2Q0mzBvUr3fgtk8UDIQHq7IeynFEn5cnw3zEPK5LNsG84tTizm~iNW9xkOhkURKpZ1azrbEXE-~MbS3rONvWqZrYMISs8jSCJ2w-oqTdBc7qQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":14492,"name":"Coastal and Island Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coastal_and_Island_Archaeology"},{"id":32801,"name":"Wetland Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wetland_Archaeology"},{"id":35514,"name":"Single Grave Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Single_Grave_Culture"}],"urls":[{"id":2961761,"url":"http://www.cultureelerfgoed.nl/publicaties/late-neolithic-behavioural-variability-in-a-dynamic-landscape-a-kaleidoscope-of"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436915/figure-13-the-haddock-from-poll-source-is-rarely-found-in"><img alt="Figure 13.2 The haddock (from Poll 1947; source www.marinespecies.org) is rarely found in Neolithic sites and was caught in deep water by means of a boat. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436923/figure-13-mienakker-features-and-the-interpretation-of"><img alt="Figure 13.3 Mienakker features and the interpretation of structures. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436934/table-1-synthesis-of-the-monograph-on-the-single-grave"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436942/table-2-synthesis-of-the-monograph-on-the-single-grave"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436951/table-13-phasing-of-mienakker-associated-features"><img alt="Table 13.1 Phasing of Mienakker, associated features, interpretation and absolute dating. Absolute chronology PAM OVIULLY EE er ey Besides identifying stratigraphical relationships between features and cultural layers, 1*C dates were the c relati at Mi time taken in order to gain an understanding of hronology of the site. These dates, and the ve phasing described above, allow the site enakker to be placed in an absolute frame (Fig. 13.1). Habitation took place somewhere between 2880 and 2480 BC. Traces and features like cattle hoof prints, fence lines, a stora ge pit (feature $120) and the postholes and hearth belonging to structure MKII can be posit refus ively attributed to this phase. A deposit of e north of the house and in the creek (probably still active at the time) constitute the material remnants of this phase of occupation at Mien akker. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436960/table-13-seasonality-at-mienakker-built-cattle-were-kept-in"><img alt="Table 13.2 Seasonality at Mienakker. built, cattle were kept in a specific area of the settlement and refuse was dumped outside the house structure to keep the living floor clean. gathering and farming — were carried out in specific seasonal episodes during the year. 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It provides a comparative context with previously published sites, enhancing the understanding of the Single Grave Culture's presence in the broader geographical landscape of Noord-Holland.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2013,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5181560/Synthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single_Grave_Culture_site_of_Mienakker","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-11-21T20:13:15.720-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32371748,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/32371748/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MienakkerSynthesis.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32371748/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/32371748/MienakkerSynthesis-libre.pdf?1391185176=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=THtnZSf6crrOVbUyN2BJLK2cUTcqgLTSG~VedMemYWw2hMAhWP5iOK15tEVPgFkKLc~OXPOdoi0QG3UHvSvZT41coM3KLkL~9FHxGl6lmfGiO7BQdOP5TvL-BVAAVZPSUC-T79k11YGdWwfxSvRyxAGyON3-RKXhdRK12EfBMKXSEY~hm8DH9jaRgJVnZ6RwAg2z7I1YY1PoPsE9ZbK2iAJbV37x-9gIRHYXcr8926yBldWunfrtOcAVA9GgYqLbGpstNaIh1pibQoMQ01xJa5mNoOAMAANhQTZKc45B3LL2sP7mHgkuPQ~3BlJks8aoMgYH-kIZ3dEzDWzjnkuAYw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Synthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single_Grave_Culture_site_of_Mienakker","translated_slug":"","page_count":33,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":32371748,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/32371748/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MienakkerSynthesis.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32371748/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/32371748/MienakkerSynthesis-libre.pdf?1391185176=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=THtnZSf6crrOVbUyN2BJLK2cUTcqgLTSG~VedMemYWw2hMAhWP5iOK15tEVPgFkKLc~OXPOdoi0QG3UHvSvZT41coM3KLkL~9FHxGl6lmfGiO7BQdOP5TvL-BVAAVZPSUC-T79k11YGdWwfxSvRyxAGyON3-RKXhdRK12EfBMKXSEY~hm8DH9jaRgJVnZ6RwAg2z7I1YY1PoPsE9ZbK2iAJbV37x-9gIRHYXcr8926yBldWunfrtOcAVA9GgYqLbGpstNaIh1pibQoMQ01xJa5mNoOAMAANhQTZKc45B3LL2sP7mHgkuPQ~3BlJks8aoMgYH-kIZ3dEzDWzjnkuAYw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":35514,"name":"Single Grave Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Single_Grave_Culture"},{"id":35985,"name":"Mortuary archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mortuary_archaeology"},{"id":40780,"name":"Settlement archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Settlement_archaeology"},{"id":109033,"name":"Late Neolithic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Neolithic"}],"urls":[{"id":1972426,"url":"http://cultureelerfgoed.nl/sites/default/files/documenten/NAR45-Mienakker.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-5181560-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers in English" id="Papers in English"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers in English by Hans Peeters</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127925173"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127925173/Reply_to_Burnt_ant_nests_and_their_parallels_with_Mesolithic_charcoal_rich_pits_A_comment_on_Huisman_et_al_2024_By_Philippe_Cromb%C3%A9_and_Roger_Langohr"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reply to "Burnt ant nests and their parallels with Mesolithic charcoal-rich pits: A comment on Huisman et al. (2024)" By Philippe Crombé and Roger Langohr" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121584905/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127925173/Reply_to_Burnt_ant_nests_and_their_parallels_with_Mesolithic_charcoal_rich_pits_A_comment_on_Huisman_et_al_2024_By_Philippe_Cromb%C3%A9_and_Roger_Langohr">Reply to "Burnt ant nests and their parallels with Mesolithic charcoal-rich pits: A comment on Huisman et al. (2024)" By Philippe Crombé and Roger Langohr</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Archaeological Science</span><span>, 2025</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1kgu515SlU4bow Crombé and Langohr (2025) criticize our interpretat...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden"><a href="https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1kgu515SlU4bow" rel="nofollow">https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1kgu515SlU4bow</a><br />Crombé and Langohr (2025) criticize our interpretation (Huisman et al., 2024) that morphological and micromorphological differences between modern ant nest remains and Mesolithic "pit hearth" features support an anthropogenic origin of the latter. In this response to the main points of their response, we argue that podzols were present during the Mesolithic and could be humus-cemented. Furthermore, the lack of tunnelling features in Mesolithic hearth features cannot be explained by archaeologists not digging deep enough, as such tunnels also extend laterally from an ant nest. The biological features observed in the Doel excavations do not match the morphology of ant tunnels. Moreover, the charred material we observed in a burnt nest does not match that of Mesolithic hearth features. We agree that further research on ant nests as well as on the Mesolithic features would strengthen our case, but this is difficult because of ethical and practical considerations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7927ac34c6ddd0f7213b61c3b1be2d28" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121584905,"asset_id":127925173,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121584905/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127925173"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127925173"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127925173; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127925173]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127925173]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127925173; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127925173']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7927ac34c6ddd0f7213b61c3b1be2d28" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127925173]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127925173,"title":"Reply to \"Burnt ant nests and their parallels with Mesolithic charcoal-rich pits: A comment on Huisman et al. 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Für den Inhalt der Beiträge und die urheberrech...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abbildungsnachweise bei den jeweiligen Beiträgen. Für den Inhalt der Beiträge und die urheberrechtlichen Angaben sind die Autor*innen verantwortlich. Alle Rechte vorbehalten Kein Teil dieses Buches darf in irgendeiner Form (Druck, Fotokopie, CD-ROM, DVD, Internet oder einem anderen Verfahren) ohne schriftliche Genehmigung des Niedersächsischen Landesamtes für Denkmalpflege reproduziert werden oder unter Verwendung elektronischer Systeme verarbeitet, vervielfältigt oder verbreitet werden.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d46dfbed6a9e8f00da49eae3ca1f20a8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101930407,"asset_id":101369903,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101930407/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="101369903"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="101369903"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101369903; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101369903]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101369903]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101369903; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='101369903']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d46dfbed6a9e8f00da49eae3ca1f20a8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=101369903]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":101369903,"title":"Stone Age Borderland Experience","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_title_tag":"Stone Age Experience and Copyright Issues","grobid_abstract":"Abbildungsnachweise bei den jeweiligen Beiträgen. Für den Inhalt der Beiträge und die urheberrechtlichen Angaben sind die Autor*innen verantwortlich. Alle Rechte vorbehalten Kein Teil dieses Buches darf in irgendeiner Form (Druck, Fotokopie, CD-ROM, DVD, Internet oder einem anderen Verfahren) ohne schriftliche Genehmigung des Niedersächsischen Landesamtes für Denkmalpflege reproduziert werden oder unter Verwendung elektronischer Systeme verarbeitet, vervielfältigt oder verbreitet werden.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"MATERIALHEFTE ZUR UR- UND FRÜHGESCHICHTE NIEDERSACHSENS 60","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":101930407},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101369903/Stone_Age_Borderland_Experience","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-05-07T01:26:26.027-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":39835917,"work_id":101369903,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":315502,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"f***a@gmx.de","affiliation":"Niedersächsisches Landesmuseum Hannover","display_order":1,"name":"Florian Klimscha","title":"Stone Age Borderland Experience"},{"id":39835918,"work_id":101369903,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":26787615,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"T***r@nld.niedersachsen.de","display_order":2,"name":"Thomas Terberger","title":"Stone Age Borderland Experience"},{"id":39835919,"work_id":101369903,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":3712441,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***r@web.de","affiliation":"Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege","display_order":3,"name":"Marion Heumueller","title":"Stone Age Borderland Experience"},{"id":39835920,"work_id":101369903,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":2129288,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***s@rug.nl","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":4,"name":"Daan Raemaekers","title":"Stone Age Borderland Experience"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":101930407,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101930407/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Klimscha_et_al_Stone_Age_Borderland_Experience_web.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101930407/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Stone_Age_Borderland_Experience.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101930407/Klimscha_et_al_Stone_Age_Borderland_Experience_web-libre.pdf?1683455635=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStone_Age_Borderland_Experience.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=SZMNsHbop7fl1EYw2grRJdjw2iXQmqsQpy-gRjoE3IMWgE57f8EX8Uo1ZEVM1p7j-tJmp7LNUvYDiCLXiBuOkEFxkyzDdjZg2rSueJfe9aMaVkM9fw353F6-CCgz9YPD~G1icy9izOb2k5aEbiJaR0QBBAiOhovQ5uoLTJVtVzpdadXW0mubNJBZSmt-sBdoGfnS1b2nfW0QHpzcLhe7eHW7FCcg9qA7jpmRZHkfnSeBcYUgk3evwkHyQseKYxVBlRLqu-Vp5s~HCW1T9ZRqkWMUH~QM34~q4N1Eg70EGshtsNnQ4tn~fyQIZzUstZ4mHDsVDKGnw-U92Vh40tz~Rg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Stone_Age_Borderland_Experience","translated_slug":"","page_count":474,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Abbildungsnachweise bei den jeweiligen Beiträgen. Für den Inhalt der Beiträge und die urheberrechtlichen Angaben sind die Autor*innen verantwortlich. Alle Rechte vorbehalten Kein Teil dieses Buches darf in irgendeiner Form (Druck, Fotokopie, CD-ROM, DVD, Internet oder einem anderen Verfahren) ohne schriftliche Genehmigung des Niedersächsischen Landesamtes für Denkmalpflege reproduziert werden oder unter Verwendung elektronischer Systeme verarbeitet, vervielfältigt oder verbreitet werden.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":101930407,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101930407/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Klimscha_et_al_Stone_Age_Borderland_Experience_web.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101930407/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Stone_Age_Borderland_Experience.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101930407/Klimscha_et_al_Stone_Age_Borderland_Experience_web-libre.pdf?1683455635=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStone_Age_Borderland_Experience.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=SZMNsHbop7fl1EYw2grRJdjw2iXQmqsQpy-gRjoE3IMWgE57f8EX8Uo1ZEVM1p7j-tJmp7LNUvYDiCLXiBuOkEFxkyzDdjZg2rSueJfe9aMaVkM9fw353F6-CCgz9YPD~G1icy9izOb2k5aEbiJaR0QBBAiOhovQ5uoLTJVtVzpdadXW0mubNJBZSmt-sBdoGfnS1b2nfW0QHpzcLhe7eHW7FCcg9qA7jpmRZHkfnSeBcYUgk3evwkHyQseKYxVBlRLqu-Vp5s~HCW1T9ZRqkWMUH~QM34~q4N1Eg70EGshtsNnQ4tn~fyQIZzUstZ4mHDsVDKGnw-U92Vh40tz~Rg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":20453,"name":"Culture Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture_Change"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-101369903-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="89869543"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/89869543/Hidden_Dimensions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Hidden Dimensions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93590802/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/89869543/Hidden_Dimensions">Hidden Dimensions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Hidden Dimensions Aspects of Mesolithic hunter gatherer landscape use and non lithic technology</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The modelling and representation of prehistoric hunter-gatherer behaviours is largely influenced ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The modelling and representation of prehistoric hunter-gatherer behaviours is largely influenced by the investigation of sites with high archaeological visibility, due to the presence of large amounts of knapped lithics, which generally survive the ravages of time. As a consequence, behaviours which were not, or to a limited extent, associated with stone tools are underrepresented in archaeological narratives about hunter-gatherer lifestyles, which, however, have characterised most of the human past. Occasionally, at sites where preservation conditions are good, archaeological finds point to the importance of organic resources for tools and the manufacturing of a broad range of use items, such as clothing, footwear, containers, as well as tent covers and mats. In fact, it is highly likely that organic materials – e.g. wood, bark, bone, antler, hide – were dominant in the creation of material culture, and possibly played a pivotal role in sociocultural communication.<br /><br />The lack of attention for sites and phenomena associated with no or few lithics causes several problems with regard to archaeological insights into the variability in landscape use, technological traditions, and sociocultural interaction. This book presents a collection of articles which address these problems from several angles, with an emphasis on the Mesolithic of NW Europe: dwellings and activities associated with no or few lithics; variability in site location and landscape use, notably in relation to hunting and ethology of game species; and technological aspects of non-lithic material culture. The book intends to increase awareness of the consequences of the issues addressed for our understanding of the past, and boost research and heritage management initiatives in this field.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d054ac76ae8bbc8631830ff84d9a4fba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93590802,"asset_id":89869543,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93590802/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="89869543"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="89869543"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89869543; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89869543]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89869543]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89869543; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='89869543']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d054ac76ae8bbc8631830ff84d9a4fba" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=89869543]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":89869543,"title":"Hidden Dimensions","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The modelling and representation of prehistoric hunter-gatherer behaviours is largely influenced by the investigation of sites with high archaeological visibility, due to the presence of large amounts of knapped lithics, which generally survive the ravages of time. 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The reclamation of the Flevoland Polders in the early half of the 20th century not only exposed hundreds of shipwrecks, but also remnants of prehistoric landscapes and traces of human occupation dating to Mesolithic and Neolithic times. Ultimately, this led to the ‘discovery’ of the Swifterbant Culture in the 1960s-1970s, and which was initially seen as a Dutch equivalent of the Ertebølle Culture. <br />Archaeological investigations conducted by the University of Groningen, and later also the University of Amsterdam, delivered important new data on the nature of the Swifterbant Culture. It became key in the discussion about the adoption of crop cultivation and animal husbandry by hunter-gatherers living in wetland environments. Also, the Swifterbant Culture became central in the debate on the meaning of archaeologically defined ‘cultures’, questioning relationships between social interaction and material culture. With the increase of urbanisation and infrastructural works, alongside changes in the Dutch Monuments Act, dozens of small and large-scale development-led investigations got initiated at the turn of the century. <br />One project involved the construction of the Hanzelijn railway, crossing one of the polders from West to East. Archaeologists became aware that much of what was known – and unknown – about the prehistoric past of the Flevoland Polders, was not easily accessible. It was therefore decided to bring together, as much as possible, all the information from the many scattered sources, and make it accessible to professionals, both inside and outside the Netherlands. The result is this book, which presents an overview of the most important sites and data, and what these learn us about the nature of the archaeological record, landscape change, prehistoric subsistence, ritual behaviour, as well as socio-cultural developments during the Mesolithic and Neolithic. <br />Previously considered an impossibility, ‘fossilised’ fields, discovered at Swifterbant, demonstrate crop cultivation in wetland environments in an early stage of the Neolithic. In fact, the prehistory of the Flevoland Polders is tightly connected to the dynamic nature of the extended wetlands that characterised the landscape since the end of the last glacial. Although often regarded as the ‘margin’ of cultural dynamics in the past, we can now see that the Flevoland Polders were right in the centre of fundamental long-term changes in human existence in NW Europe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="42eacb6405a9a9f937546362fe38efc3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":74784764,"asset_id":61855432,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74784764/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="61855432"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61855432"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61855432; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61855432]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61855432]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61855432; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='61855432']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "42eacb6405a9a9f937546362fe38efc3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=61855432]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":61855432,"title":"Resurfacing the Submerged Past","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Available from Sidestone Publishers (https://www.sidestone.com/books/resurfacing-the-submerged-past)\nThe Netherlands are internationally renowned for the archaeology of its wetland environments. 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With the increase of urbanisation and infrastructural works, alongside changes in the Dutch Monuments Act, dozens of small and large-scale development-led investigations got initiated at the turn of the century. \nOne project involved the construction of the Hanzelijn railway, crossing one of the polders from West to East. Archaeologists became aware that much of what was known – and unknown – about the prehistoric past of the Flevoland Polders, was not easily accessible. It was therefore decided to bring together, as much as possible, all the information from the many scattered sources, and make it accessible to professionals, both inside and outside the Netherlands. The result is this book, which presents an overview of the most important sites and data, and what these learn us about the nature of the archaeological record, landscape change, prehistoric subsistence, ritual behaviour, as well as socio-cultural developments during the Mesolithic and Neolithic. \nPreviously considered an impossibility, ‘fossilised’ fields, discovered at Swifterbant, demonstrate crop cultivation in wetland environments in an early stage of the Neolithic. In fact, the prehistory of the Flevoland Polders is tightly connected to the dynamic nature of the extended wetlands that characterised the landscape since the end of the last glacial. 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This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehen...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">GET YOUR FREE COPY FROM SPRINGER! This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehensive description and scientific evaluation of underwater archaeological finds referring to human occupation of the continental shelf around the coastlines of Europe and the Mediterranean when sea levels were lower than present. These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. The finds from each country are presented in their archaeological context, with information on the history of discovery, conditions of preservation and visibility, their relationship to regional changes in sea-level and coastal geomorphology, and the institutional arrangements for their investigation and protection. Editorial introductions summarise the findings from each of the major marine basins. There is also a final section with extensive discussion of the historical background and the legal and regulatory frameworks that inform the management of the underwater cultural heritage and collaboration between offshore industries, archaeologists and government agencies. The volume is based on the work of COST Action TD0902 SPLASHCOS, a multi-disciplinary and multi-national research network supported by the EU-funded COST organisation (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). The primary readership is research and professional archaeologists, marine and Quaternary scientists, cultural-heritage managers, commercial and governmental organisations, policy makers, and all those with an interest in the sea floor of the continental shelf and the human impact of changes in climate, sea-level and coastal geomorphology.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="78e580e4721a055a3f228b2d80640362" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62987773,"asset_id":42688252,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62987773/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42688252"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42688252"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42688252; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42688252]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42688252]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42688252; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42688252']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "78e580e4721a055a3f228b2d80640362" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42688252]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42688252,"title":"OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"GET YOUR FREE COPY FROM SPRINGER! This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehensive description and scientific evaluation of underwater archaeological finds referring to human occupation of the continental shelf around the coastlines of Europe and the Mediterranean when sea levels were lower than present. These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. The finds from each country are presented in their archaeological context, with information on the history of discovery, conditions of preservation and visibility, their relationship to regional changes in sea-level and coastal geomorphology, and the institutional arrangements for their investigation and protection. Editorial introductions summarise the findings from each of the major marine basins. There is also a final section with extensive discussion of the historical background and the legal and regulatory frameworks that inform the management of the underwater cultural heritage and collaboration between offshore industries, archaeologists and government agencies. The volume is based on the work of COST Action TD0902 SPLASHCOS, a multi-disciplinary and multi-national research network supported by the EU-funded COST organisation (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). 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These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. The finds from each country are presented in their archaeological context, with information on the history of discovery, conditions of preservation and visibility, their relationship to regional changes in sea-level and coastal geomorphology, and the institutional arrangements for their investigation and protection. Editorial introductions summarise the findings from each of the major marine basins. There is also a final section with extensive discussion of the historical background and the legal and regulatory frameworks that inform the management of the underwater cultural heritage and collaboration between offshore industries, archaeologists and government agencies. The volume is based on the work of COST Action TD0902 SPLASHCOS, a multi-disciplinary and multi-national research network supported by the EU-funded COST organisation (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). The primary readership is research and professional archaeologists, marine and Quaternary scientists, cultural-heritage managers, commercial and governmental organisations, policy makers, and all those with an interest in the sea floor of the continental shelf and the human impact of changes in climate, sea-level and coastal geomorphology.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/42688252/OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-04-10T04:24:03.446-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":34180143,"work_id":42688252,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":185182,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***2@york.ac.uk","affiliation":"University of York","display_order":0,"name":"Geoff Bailey","title":"OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes"},{"id":34180144,"work_id":42688252,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":4259982,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"g***u@uoc.gr","affiliation":"University of Crete","display_order":4194304,"name":"Nena Galanidou","title":"OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes"},{"id":34180145,"work_id":42688252,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":12203140,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***s@nihk.de","display_order":6291456,"name":"Hauke Jöns","title":"OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes"},{"id":34180146,"work_id":42688252,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":3148056,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***l@moritzmennenga.de","affiliation":"Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung / Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research","display_order":7340032,"name":"Moritz Mennenga","title":"OPEN ACCESS: The Archaeology of Europe's Drowned Landscapes"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62987773,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62987773/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Foreword_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62987773/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_D.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/62987773/Foreword_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes-libre.pdf?1587124538=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_D.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=gE2D4ejby55YfGMSMwSsJa3toPoWLwgolMxWsmAy1sBIXCsNz5QQpCB9Fs9mmbhCHkLHmxBzRmtS3omjoMCewwl~Qk2Pju-UiKpsXxdBfseSaYLZ8AdQy0KkgmmNjzL76TuD8jzwq6WobGgA-PjO26vTCvTuR3ZMfCltHtZbYODWpaIxJzQ0Y31X88ZGRDwtqwqzvdZHLEISXR~Qd48113ns6IJlzfpGF45sdI6hkUWmu4S85iWhOj6UtjfYdTyFLpbQA-z5IB2BW9g-1KwHuyibWJsmK8MWaFoUnjuNcGbtvNiDjaso1t65hu52pl9Kn9BL8kUFWF1wgRnfIDGR2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"GET YOUR FREE COPY FROM SPRINGER! This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehensive description and scientific evaluation of underwater archaeological finds referring to human occupation of the continental shelf around the coastlines of Europe and the Mediterranean when sea levels were lower than present. These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. The finds from each country are presented in their archaeological context, with information on the history of discovery, conditions of preservation and visibility, their relationship to regional changes in sea-level and coastal geomorphology, and the institutional arrangements for their investigation and protection. Editorial introductions summarise the findings from each of the major marine basins. There is also a final section with extensive discussion of the historical background and the legal and regulatory frameworks that inform the management of the underwater cultural heritage and collaboration between offshore industries, archaeologists and government agencies. The volume is based on the work of COST Action TD0902 SPLASHCOS, a multi-disciplinary and multi-national research network supported by the EU-funded COST organisation (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). The primary readership is research and professional archaeologists, marine and Quaternary scientists, cultural-heritage managers, commercial and governmental organisations, policy makers, and all those with an interest in the sea floor of the continental shelf and the human impact of changes in climate, sea-level and coastal geomorphology.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":62987773,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62987773/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Foreword_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62987773/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_D.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/62987773/Foreword_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes-libre.pdf?1587124538=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_D.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=gE2D4ejby55YfGMSMwSsJa3toPoWLwgolMxWsmAy1sBIXCsNz5QQpCB9Fs9mmbhCHkLHmxBzRmtS3omjoMCewwl~Qk2Pju-UiKpsXxdBfseSaYLZ8AdQy0KkgmmNjzL76TuD8jzwq6WobGgA-PjO26vTCvTuR3ZMfCltHtZbYODWpaIxJzQ0Y31X88ZGRDwtqwqzvdZHLEISXR~Qd48113ns6IJlzfpGF45sdI6hkUWmu4S85iWhOj6UtjfYdTyFLpbQA-z5IB2BW9g-1KwHuyibWJsmK8MWaFoUnjuNcGbtvNiDjaso1t65hu52pl9Kn9BL8kUFWF1wgRnfIDGR2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":62987775,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62987775/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Foreword_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62987775/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_D.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/62987775/Foreword_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes-libre.pdf?1587124537=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_D.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=OvsWBwKMT0YEM9DYK4lY04m~6yVGMQv4t~zg6p-XKSkaygxJsCgFjLXfEHuvJP9BzbutFyDaCW1Z7z7GsiqpG8Ilo5bvIs8TW92Nym0q1QZFb71Lb4UveOo8-XSP4YIIfCUsDHnrO6eLbDPoHTSkjil9k2-bxHOGkd0fNZDu68ryRCs8JSLP5ApjOLFBPn5bFBQFdcsAylgCX2DW-sDiaOj3Fzsa5wl6GTpU3wStwdRImaaZHLr5Aunw1aSna7eyMaaS85ayaEyJnPLW31YgLcmiyh29iOxcARIGXYSHM2zMbg7vEYwspLZdtAfJpM9tcWF~pKy2qkfZPbp6mIQC6A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":62987779,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62987779/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Foreword_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62987779/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"OPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_D.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/62987779/Foreword_Europes_Drowned_Landscapes-libre.pdf?1587125013=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOPEN_ACCESS_The_Archaeology_of_Europes_D.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=LKNAIU~j2UPaj2HNJ3s8F4tyJQqMrbOB8kJYfienUlYtrCkWgnMYaGZWMpLXbzxaI5wjDApkWUhjwf4~TBcGWpVpTUU3-kVL7GvFtP-PTNRwsMUjUVduF-2bMZ23aCAAn2CGraD7rfRU5U7QwGSlzHXB3gAtH7Bh4FwnTEBqdERrI1aZ1vb1tPqh2OJLJIa3oaSvC1AhZ6SFMsOBZ9ku820HZgtebp-35BRcVUzSsHYzg2OY-tzFWkEbIihNTopycSkZiX4R7UgtQ1JFIYqIi9k3eOa4gLaKOfiqQ2FduuyWbkr9hjthL0IOrPLKAKp5XljLJpaWXxloERpBv1CR5Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology"},{"id":4548,"name":"Palaeolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Palaeolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":62849,"name":"Submerged landscapes and settlements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_landscapes_and_settlements"},{"id":291062,"name":"Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_Prehistoric_Archaeology"}],"urls":[{"id":8990800,"url":"https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-030-37367-2"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-42688252-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39732923"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39732923/North_Sea_Prehistory_Research_and_Management_Framework_NSPRMF_2019_Retuning_the_research_and_management_agenda_for_prehistoric_landscapes_and_archaeology_in_the_Dutch_sector_of_the_continental_shelf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF) 2019 Retuning the research and management agenda for prehistoric landscapes and archaeology in the Dutch sector of the continental shelf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59910862/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39732923/North_Sea_Prehistory_Research_and_Management_Framework_NSPRMF_2019_Retuning_the_research_and_management_agenda_for_prehistoric_landscapes_and_archaeology_in_the_Dutch_sector_of_the_continental_shelf">North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF) 2019 Retuning the research and management agenda for prehistoric landscapes and archaeology in the Dutch sector of the continental shelf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uu.academia.edu/KimCohen">Kim M Cohen</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://deltares.academia.edu/MarcHijma">Marc Hijma</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nederlandse Archeologische Rapporten 63</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In 2009, the North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF) set out a broad set ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In 2009, the North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF) set out a broad set of research and management themes, topics and priorities which were deemed relevant regarding the<br />prehistoric cultural heritage of the southern North Sea. Now, in 2019, we address the question: Where do we stand after a decade of work? In the past ten years, a lot of work has been done and progress has been made; however, we are still far from meeting all of the priorities defined. While the themes and topics of the NSPRMF 2009 remain relevant today, based on the experiences over the years, they have been revised and updated for this NSPRMF 2019.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-39732923-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-39732923-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949473/figure-15-the-emodnet-human-activities-portal-with-data"><img alt="Fig 15 The EMODnet Human Activities portal, with data plotted for prehistoric archaeology. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949296/figure-1-geographical-scope-of-the-nsprmf-comprising-the"><img alt="Fig 1 Geographical scope of the NSPRMF 2009, comprising the Belgian and Dutch section of the Gontinental Shelf areas and adjacent part of the UK section (after Peeters, Murphy & Flemming 2009, Fig. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949306/figure-2-schematic-representation-of-the-relationship"><img alt="Fig 2 Schematic representation of the relationship between scientific knowledge and decision making (after Peeters, Murphy & Flemming 2009, Fig. 4). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949317/figure-3-geological-cross-sections-of-the-onshore-and"><img alt="Fig 3 Geological cross-sections of the onshore and offshore areas of Rotterdam showing the stratigraphical continuity of various sedimentary units, as well as erosion, which is partly induced by modern economic activity, notably the dredging of the Eurogeul (after Hijma et al. 2012, Fig. 5). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949325/figure-4-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949340/figure-5-time-series-of-palaeogeographical-reconstructions"><img alt="Fig 5 Time series of palaeogeographical reconstructions of the Rotterdam-Maasvlakte 2 area; Rotterdam- Yangtzehaven area is indicated by the red rectangle (after Vos & Cohen 2015, Fig. 3.19). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949363/figure-6-underwater-excavation-of-the-rotterdam-yangtzehaven"><img alt="Fig 6 Underwater excavation of the Rotterdam-Yangtzehaven site. A: computer-aided control of the sample grabber, B: a grab sample being brought above water on a pontoon, C: pontoon carrying the grabbing installation, D: filling of big bags with sampled sediment, E: sieve installation designed for large samples, F: sorting of sieve sample residues (photos courtesy of D. Schiltmans, Archeologie Rotterdam [A, F], P. Vos, Deltares [B], B. Smit, RCE [C], J. van der Panne, PUMA [D], M. van den Berg, ADC [E]). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949393/figure-7-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949407/figure-8-vibrocore-installation-being-sunk-into-the-north"><img alt="Fig 8 Vibrocore installation being sunk into the North Sea from the research vessel Pelagia (photo courtesy of M. Hijma, Deltares). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949417/figure-9-in-the-case-of-rotterdam-yangtzehaven-where"><img alt="In the case of Rotterdam-Yangtzehaven, where a submerged site dating to the Mesolithic could be investigated at a depth of about -20m OD, a ‘staged’ geoarchaeological approach was taken.” Here, a first, desktop assessment of the available geological data (regional-scale reconstruction of palaeolandscape based on seismic data and archived core materials) was undertaken, followed by validation of the seismic data by means of cone penetration probing (depth of encounter, preservation of palaeosurfaces). In a next step, further seismic investigations were used to refine the spatial model (i.e. local landscape reconstruction) of the submerged and sediment-buried palaeosurface in the Late-Glacial landscape. In this phase of detailing, inland dune features were identified, which are known to have a high potential for the presence of archaeological remains (as is evident from virtually all such sites investigated onshore) (fig. 9). This new model formed the basis for the selection of some smaller target areas (and for Obviously, the success of detecting a prehistoric site in this particular project depended on the input of expert knowledge. Is it appropriate in this case to also attribute the success to luck? Perhaps not, since river dune slopes generally bear considerable quantities of occupation waste.” Given the experience at the Yangtze harbour, a similar approach to the prospection of submerged river dunes farther Fig 9 Location of Mesolithic sites in and around Rotterdam in relation to the river dune complexes identified by detailed mapping programmes (compiled by Archeologie Rotterdam). 1. Rotterdam-Maasvlakte 1; 2. Rotterdam- Yangtzehaven; 3. Rotterdam-Emplacement Centraal Station; 4. Rotterdam-Hillegersberg; 5. Rotterdam-Grindweg/ Argonautenweg; 6. Rotterdam-Bergse Bos; 7. Rotterdam-De Velden; 8. Rotterdam-Blankenburgstraat/ Hoogvlietstraat; 9. Rotterdam-’t Hart; 10. Rotterdam- IJsselmonde; 11. Rotterdam-Beverwaard Tramremise; 12. Hardinxveld-De Bruin; 13. Hardinxveld-Polderweg (after Peeters et al. 2015, Fig. 7.4). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949431/figure-10-middle-palaeolithic-hand-axe-uncovered-during-the"><img alt="Fig 10 Middle Palaeolithic hand-axe uncovered during the geoarchaeological survey of licence Area 240 (after Tizzard etal. 2014, Fig. 8). The many stray finds from fishing nets and infrastructural projects indicate that certain areas have a high potential for Palaeolithic (Pleistocene) and Mesolithic to Neolithic (Early and Middle Holocene) faunal remains, lithics, and organic artefacts, as well as human remains. The majority of these finds are more voluminous than the Mesolithic remains encountered in the Yangtze harbour, and would generally not even fit auger diameters. Of course, the size distribution relates to discovery context. For " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949436/figure-11-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949448/figure-12-small-selection-of-finds-from-the-southern-north"><img alt="Fig 12 A small selection of finds from the southern North Sea (photos courtesy of RMO unless stated otherwise). Top left: Mesolithic core axe fished up in the Brown Bank area; top right: fragment of a barbed point on the artificial beach of Rotterdam-Maasvlakte 2 (photo courtesy of M. Spithoven); middle left: Mesolithic perforated red deer antler from Rotterdam-Maasvlakte 2 (photo courtesy of D. Mol); middle right: Late Palaeolithic decorated bone fished up southwest of the Brown Bank; bottom: Mesolithic human remains from the North Sea and beach. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949454/figure-13-the-winning-team-of-the-british-archaeology-award"><img alt="Fig 13 The winning team of the British Archaeology Award 2008 for the archaeological discovery of the year, with representatives of Hanson Aggregates Marine, and Mr. Jan Meulmeester (second from right), who discovered tens of hand-axes on a wharf in Flushing. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949468/figure-14-home-page-of-the-splashcos-viewer"><img alt="Fig 14 Home page of the SPLASHCOS-viewer. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949481/figure-16-indicative-map-of-archaeological-potential-for-pre"><img alt="Fig 16 Indicative map of archaeological potential for (pre-)Mesolithic remains based on the presence/absence of basal peat. Dark tones: high potential; shaded: presence of peat and gyttja (after Maarleveld & Peeters 2004, Fig. 14.3). Offshore basal peat results from Early Holocene marshes, mires, fens, and swamps that, immediately in advance of marine transgression, formed extensively across various types of terrain. The term ‘basal peat’ is carried over from the onshore context, where such peat It is found Delow the coastal plain, at the Dase of the Holocene coastal-deltaic sequence, as a marker bed separating post-transgression deposits (‘Holocene’) from pre-transgression surfaces (‘Pleistocene’). Where it survives, it functions a relatively erosion-resistant bed, due to compaction, often covered by 1-q m of shelly sand of the active sea bed. Basal peat beds have " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949493/figure-17-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949498/figure-18-map-showing-the-preservation-potential-in"><img alt="Fig 18 Map showing the preservation potential (in different colours) for archaeological remains dating to various prehistoric periods within the first 30 m below the sea floor. The model is solely based on lithostratigraphical data. The area shown in grey has no potential, but the zone shown in shading has possible potential in view of geomorphological characteristics (after Vonhdégen-Peeters, Van Heteren & Peeters 2016, Fig. 4.5). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949503/figure-19-model-of-preserved-peat-within-the-mile-zone-red"><img alt="Fig 19 Model of preserved peat within the 12 mile zone. Red: peat present, green: peat absent, grey: presence/absence of peat unknown (after Vonhdgen-Peeters, Maljers-Oosterwijk & Peeters in prep.). The map of the Netherlands shows the coversand surface (deep purple <15m belowsea level; light yellow: <om below sea level; dark yellow >om above sea level), ice-pushed ridges (orange), and stream valleys (purple). Black dots represent Late Palaeolithic sites in the 'near- coast zone’ as registered in the national database Archis (sites known further inland are not shown). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949507/figure-20-front-page-of-the-science-quire-of-the-nrc-weekend"><img alt="Fig 20 Front page of the science quire of the NRC Weekend edition of the national newspaper NRC, which devoted four pages to the activities of collectors and scientists under the title heroes of the North Sea land. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949514/figure-21-meeting-the-experts-private-collectors-show-their"><img alt="Fig 21 Meeting the experts: private collectors show their finds to professionals (photo courtesy of L. Amkreutz, RMO). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949521/figure-23-applied-technology-is-matter-of-scale-environment"><img alt="Applied technology is a matter of scale, environment and application Fig 23 Diagram showing the connection of technology to scale, environment, and application stage (after Missiaen, Sakellariou & Flemming 2014, Fig. 2.2). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949530/table-1-despite-the-fact-that-theme-primarily-focusses-on"><img alt="* Despite the fact that theme G primarily focusses on post-LGM hunter-gatherers, topic G.2 was broadly defined, and of equal relevance to theme D. Table 1 Research themes and topics from the NSPRME 2009 (Peeters, Murphy & Flemming 2009). Numbering adheres to the original document.* " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949539/table-2-in-order-to-reach-these-goals-it-was-deemed"><img alt="In order to reach these goals, it was deemed necessary to focus on tuning the objectives of heritage management and scientific research, as well as creating conditions to support the development and implementation of appropriate research and management strategies. Several priorities were identified, notably collaboration with industry and private collectors; data sharing; the spatial definition of research potential and threats; as well as approaches to mitigation, conservation, and designation. The management agenda first and foremost focussed on heritage professionals who are the first to deal with economical stakeholders active in the southern North Sea. This particular context involves a complex legislative and regulatory setting, at the national and international levels, that has to be taken in " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949552/table-3-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949566/table-4-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949574/table-5-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949589/table-6-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949598/figure-12-attention-of-the-scientific-community-notably"><img alt="attention of the scientific community (fig. 12) - notably human remains, Pleistocene hyena coproliths, a range of Palaeolithic artefacts (including a hand-axe made out of Wommersom quartzite), bone points, a projectile point embedded in a red deer mandibula, Mesolithic stone tools, and a wealth of fossil bones. These efforts have boosted the attention of the media for the topic of submerged archaeology and landscapes (see section 4.6). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949604/table-8-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949611/table-9-north-sea-prehistory-research-and-management"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59910862/table_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35949617/table-7-various-stakeholders-have-different-interests-is"><img alt="Table 7 Various stakeholders have different interests. is much to gain here by involving more experts in sampling and in the interpretation of seismic and borehole data. The same holds for the selection of sample locations and planning of seismic investigations. To achieve this involvement, it will have to be forced upon in the early stages of project design. Heritage managers, for their part, need good data points for significance assessment and policy making; in the long run, saying that an area has ‘potential’ will no longer suffice. They also need good data points for decision-making, because this involves risk management, and risk management is predicated on reliable information or informed knowledge. And in the end, good data points are needed for all stakeholders to move from speculative narratives towards evidence-based narratives. 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Now, in 2019, we address the question: Where do we stand after a decade of work? In the past ten years, a lot of work has been done and progress has been made; however, we are still far from meeting all of the priorities defined. While the themes and topics of the NSPRMF 2009 remain relevant today, based on the experiences over the years, they have been revised and updated for this NSPRMF 2019.","ai_title_tag":"Updating North Sea Prehistory Research Agenda","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nederlandse Archeologische Rapporten 63"},"translated_abstract":"In 2009, the North Sea Prehistory Research and Management Framework (NSPRMF) set out a broad set of research and management themes, topics and priorities which were deemed relevant regarding the\nprehistoric cultural heritage of the southern North Sea. Now, in 2019, we address the question: Where do we stand after a decade of work? 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Insights into the early prehistory of the Netherlands from development-led archaeology" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55698828/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35821639/Paradise_lost_Insights_into_the_early_prehistory_of_the_Netherlands_from_development_led_archaeology">Paradise lost? Insights into the early prehistory of the Netherlands from development-led archaeology</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/IzabelDevriendt">Izabel Devriendt</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/MarcelNiekus">Marcel J L T Niekus</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://forestry.academia.edu/GaryNobles">Gary Nobles</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/PirHoebe">Pir W Hoebe</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">(Contact the author for a high-res version) In the last ten to fifteen years development-led arch...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">(Contact the author for a high-res version) In the last ten to fifteen years development-led archaeology has boosted the number of surveys and subsequent excavations in the Netherlands. Despite the number of excavations and the availability of much data little is known with regard to the actual gain of knowledge in connection to the wide range of research questions and topics of the National Archaeological Research Agenda. This book reports on a synthetic analysis of reports produced in the context of development-led projects over the past 10-15 years and concerning the early prehistory of the Netherlands. The degree to which development-led work permits to take major steps forward is highly variable. A limited number of topics has profited from the generated data, and in some cases development-led research has shown to be on the forefront of innovative approaches. A larger number of topics and research questions, however, appear to remain unanswerable; data have been generated, but remain of an anecdotal nature. This volume discusses various issues with regard to the gain of knowledge regarding the early prehistory of the Netherlands, and identifies problems, yet also provides possible solutions. This scientific report is aimed at archaeologists and other professionals occupied with Archaeology. With knowledge and advice the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands gives the future a past.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-35821639-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-35821639-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499572/figure-3-macro-tools-of-the-michelsberg-culture-and"><img alt="Fig 3.10b Macro-tools of the Michelsberg Culture (a) and Hazendonk group (b-j). Itteren Voulwames: (a) pointed blade; Schipluiden: (d) pointed blade, (b, c, e) pointed flakes, (f, i-k) scrapers, (g) borer, (h) retouched flake (from appendix II: PUBID 309, 732). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_034.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499581/figure-35-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_035.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499592/figure-3-cores-from-vlaardingen-and-trb-assemblages"><img alt="Fig 3.12 Cores from Vlaardingen and TRB assemblages: (a, b) Hellevoetsluis-Ossenhoek, (c-i) Knooppunt Hattemerbroek (from appendix II: PUBID 272, 260). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_036.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499325/figure-1-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499330/figure-1-the-cycle-of-archaeological-heritage-management-in"><img alt="Fig 1.1 The cycle of archaeological heritage management in the Netherlands explicitly involves both the known and the unknown (expected) heritage (from Groenewoudt & Peeters 2006). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499339/figure-1-synthetic-analysis-of-the-reported-excavation"><img alt="A synthetic analysis of the reported excavation results in direct reference to the NOaA 1.0 research questions will without doubt lead to deeper insight into specific questions, yet also risks missing the connections between various aspects of interest. In fact, this is the crux of the problem with the body of reports that have resulted from development-led archaeology: Questions are answered one by one, but seldom in tandem or within a broader thematic perspective. In order to avoid such fragmentation of knowledge, we will approach the problem in a way that permits us to simultaneously broaden and deepen our insights under three overarching diachronic themes, each The study of the relationships between people and materials is perhaps the most obvious from an archaeological perspective. Our primary source of archaeological information consists of objects made out of a broad range of natural resources, as well as features resulting from human interference. Not surprisingly, finds and anthropogenic features receive a great deal of attention in reports in terms of both description Fig 1.2 The three overarching themes that are central in this study connect people to different scales of interaction and are approached from multiple scales in terms of space and time. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499344/figure-1-the-themes-and-spatio-temporal-dimensions-combine"><img alt="Fig 1.3 The themes and spatio-temporal dimensions combine to form 12 knowledge domains. The connection of the three diachronic themes and four spatio-temporal dimensions of analysis lead to twelve so-called knowledge domains, each of which covers different aspects of behaviour taken from variable perspectives (fig. 1.3).3 The four dimensions, in theory, apply to each overarching research theme. However, specific NOaA 1.0 research questions can be of relevance to more than one research theme, and will thus contribute to more than one knowledge domain. In the thematic chapters (chapters 3, 4 and 5), the knowledge domains will not explicitly serve to structure the discussion. However, we will use these domains in our broader discussion of what development-led archaeology has contributed to our understanding of the past (chapter 6). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499353/figure-2-schematic-representation-of-the-aspect-related"><img alt="Fig 2.1 Schematic representation of the aspect-related connection between research questions and publications (reports). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499358/figure-2-number-of-noaa-research-questions-in-relation-to"><img alt="Fig 2.3 Number of NOaA 1.0 research questions in relation to the spatio-temporal dimensions. The final set of 34 research questions that were distilled from the NOaA 1.0 variably connect to the overarching themes. Appendix | provides a listing of the NOaA 1.0 questions in connection with the research themes as defined in chapter 1. As is apparent from figure 2.2, the great majority refer to the theme ‘people and materials’, due to the fact that the analysis of material culture is at the heart of many archaeological studies (See section 1.2.1). The themes ‘people and space’ and ‘people and environment’ each cover somewhat less than half of the research questions. When we break these numbers down, we see that 19 questions relate to more than one theme, which leaves 15 questions unique to a single theme, mostly that of ‘people and materials’. Combined with the spatio-temporal dimensions (section 1.2.4) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499368/figure-2-number-of-noaa-research-questions-in-relation-to"><img alt="Fig 2.2 Number of NOaA 1.0 research questions in relation to the overarching research themes. further configurations are possible, since research questions can be related to one or more of these analytical dimensions. The possibility to connect individual research questions to more than one overarching research theme, spatio-temporal dimension, or knowledge domain (fig. 2.3), demonstrates the difficulty of providing a structured framework for synthetic analysis based on the existing construct of the NOaA 1.0. We will discuss this problem further in chapter 6 in connection with the research agenda, fieldwork and reporting. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499373/figure-2-number-of-aspects-per-report-site"><img alt="Fig 2.4 Number of aspects per report/site. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499383/figure-2-continued-number-of-reports-per-aspect-left-and"><img alt="Fig. 2.4 Continued number of reports per aspect (left), and number of research questions per aspect (right). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499389/figure-2-number-of-reports-of-surveys-and-excavations-per"><img alt="Fig 2.5 Number of reports of surveys and excavations per aspect frequency class. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499399/figure-2-number-of-reports-of-surveys-and-excavations-per"><img alt="Fig 2.6 Number of reports of surveys and excavations per aspect cluster frequency class. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499404/figure-2-geographical-distribution-of-all-selected-sites"><img alt="Fig 2.7 Geographical distribution of all selected sites/reports (background: ‘archaeological landscapes' as defined b the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499409/figure-13-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499414/figure-2-distribution-of-deselected-reports-and-observations"><img alt="Fig 2.9 Distribution of deselected reports and observations made between 2005-2014 (background: ‘archaeologica landscapes’ as defined by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499427/figure-2-schematic-chronology-of-the-prehistory-of-the"><img alt="Fig 2.10 Schematic chronology of the prehistory of the Netherlands (from Van den Broeke, Fokkens & Van Gijn 2005). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499433/figure-16-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499441/figure-2-distribution-of-the-selected-sites-reports"><img alt="Fig 2.12 Distribution of the selected sites/reports mentioning Upper/Late Palaeolithic finds (background: ‘archaeological landscapes’ as defined by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499446/figure-2-distribution-of-the-selected-sites-reports"><img alt="Fig 2.13 Distribution of the selected sites/reports mentioning Mesolithic finds (background: ‘archaeological landscapes’ as defined by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499456/figure-2-distribution-of-the-selected-sites-reports"><img alt="Fig 2.14 Distribution of the selected sites/reports mentioning Early-Middle Neolithic finds (background: ‘archaeological landscapes’ as defined by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499471/figure-2-distribution-of-the-selected-sites-reports"><img alt="Fig 2.15 Distribution of the selected sites/reports referring to specific socio-cultural groups/traditions of the Neolithic (background: ‘archaeological landscapes’ as defined by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499491/figure-21-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="Legend " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499501/figure-22-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="Legend " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499509/figure-3-various-types-of-flint-from-the-hamburgian"><img alt="Fig 3.1 Various types of flint from the Hamburgian assemblage of Epse-Olthof. Most of the flint is of the Senonian type (translucid without fossil inclusions); the red blade (with two refitted blade fragments) is made of red Heligoland flint (photo by P. Hoebe). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_023.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499514/figure-3-blade-production-waste-from-the-late-palaeolithic"><img alt="Fig 3.2 Blade production waste from the Late Palaeolithic concentration at Knooppunt Hattemerbroek (from appendix II: PUBID 749). The length of the core (top left) is 66 mm. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_024.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499518/figure-3-core-with-refitted-blades-and-flakes-from-the"><img alt="Fig 3.3 Core with refitted blades and flakes from the Ahrensburgian assemblage at Alverna (from appendix II: PUBID 742) Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_025.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499524/figure-3-ochre-stained-coversand-at-aalsterhut-with-some"><img alt="Fig 3.4 Ochre-stained coversand at A2-Aalsterhut with some flint artefacts in situ (from appendix II: PUBID 216). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_026.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499530/figure-3-mesolithic-blade-cores-from-knooppunt-hattemerbroek"><img alt="Fig 3.5 Mesolithic blade cores from Knooppunt Hattemerbroek and Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 25¢ 538). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_027.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499534/figure-3-mesolithic-flake-and-blade-cores-and-blades-from"><img alt="Fig 3.6 Mesolithic flake and blade cores and blades from Leeuwarden-Hempens (from Noens 2011). Scale bar it centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_028.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499535/figure-29-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_029.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499542/figure-3-flint-artefacts-from-various-lbk-sites-beek"><img alt="Fig 3.7 Flint artefacts from various LBK sites. Beek-Kerkeveld: (a) blade core used as a hammer stone, (b) point, (c) blade with sickle gloss, (d) scraper; Stein-Heidekampweg: (e) production waste; Sweikhuizen-Geverik: (f) point, (g) scraper (from appendix II: PUBID 53, 528, 537). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_030.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499550/figure-3-blades-from-rotterdam-groenenhagen-the-specimen-in"><img alt="Fig 3.8 Blades from Rotterdam-Groenenhagen. The specimen in the lower right corner is retouched and slightly denticulate (from appendix II: PUBID 468). Scale bar in centimetres. Few lithic assemblages attributable to the Swifterbant Culture have been studied since the major excavations at Hardinxveld-Giessendam and Hoge Vaart-A27, more than 15 years ago." Rotterdam-Groenenhagen yielded an assemblage that shows technological affinities with the early stage of the Swifterbant Culture (fig. 3.8). The manufacture of tools was based on regular blades, which provided blanks for the production " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_031.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499555/figure-3-flint-cores-of-the-michelsberg-culture-itteren"><img alt="Fig 3.9 Flint cores of the Michelsberg Culture. Itteren-Voulwames: (a) core used as a hammer stone, (b) polished axe reused for flake production, (c) pick-shaped core; Brunssum-Molenbeek: (d) coarse blade core (from appendix II: PUBID 95, 309). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_032.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499562/figure-3-points-with-invasive-retouch-from-schipluiden-from"><img alt="Fig 3.10a Points with invasive retouch from Schipluiden (from appendix II: PUBID 732). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_033.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499597/figure-3-example-of-slotted-point-cm-in-length-with-hafted"><img alt="Fig 3.13 Example of a slotted point (17.5 cm in length) with hafted microliths from the Kongemose at Tagerup, Sweden (from Karsten & Knarrstrom 2003). Left: the object as it was found (in a grave), middle: the structure of microlithic inserts, right: reconstruction. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_037.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499600/figure-3-examples-from-hoge-vaart-of-highly-reflective-gloss"><img alt="Fig 3.14 Examples from Hoge Vaart-A27 of highly reflective gloss caused by transverse working of a plant material o unknown nature (from Peeters, Schreurs & Verneau 2011). Scale bar in centimetres. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_038.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499611/figure-3-use-wear-traces-of-the-working-of-shell-and-jet"><img alt="Fig 3.15 Use-wear traces of the working of shell (a) and jet (b) found on flint tools from Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbou: (from appendix II: PUBID 462). Object drawings scale 1:1. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_039.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499619/figure-40-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_040.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499625/figure-3-neolithic-stone-tools-schipluiden-querns-rubbing"><img alt="Fig 3.17 Neolithic stone tools: Schipluiden: (a-e) querns, (f) rubbing stone, (1) axe, (m) axe fragment; Knooppunt Hattemerbroek: (g) rubbing stone, (h, i, k) querns, (j) hammer-/rubbingstone, (n) axe (from appendix II: PUBID 260, 732). Scale 1:4. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_041.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499635/figure-3-bone-and-antler-artefacts-from-mesolithic-and"><img alt="Fig 3.18 Bone and antler artefacts from Mesolithic and Neolithic sites. Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour: (a-b) fragment of antler adzes; Schipluiden: (c) cut-off distal end of red deer metatarsal, (d, h) antler waste products originating ‘rom tool production, (e) bone awls produced out of metapodia, (f) fragment of an antler perforated base axe, g) bifacially worked proximal part of an antler beam and adhering pedicle(from appendix II: PUBID 462, 732). Objects a, b and e scale 1:2; objects c, d, f, gand h scale 1:4. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_042.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499641/figure-3-functionally-unidentified-wooden-artefacts-from"><img alt="Fig 3.19 Functionally unidentified wooden artefacts from Schipluiden (from appendix II: PUBID 732). Scale 1:4. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_043.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499647/figure-3-mesolithic-and-neolithic-bone-beads-rotterdam"><img alt="Fig 3.20 Mesolithic and Neolithic bone beads: (a) Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour; (b, c) Schipluiden (from appendix II: PUBID 462, 732). The broken bead from Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour measures 6.7 mm in diameter; the beads from Schipluiden are scale 1:1. Middle Neolithic ornaments made out of organic material were retrieved from the Hazendonk Culture sites of Schipluiden and Rijswijk-Ypenburg."? Schipluiden yielded two beads similar to the one from Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour; both beads come from a child’s grave. At Rijswijk-Ypenburg, a bone finger ring was found in a child’s grave, and a fragment of a not fully perforated tusk of wild boar from the occupation ayer may represent an unfinished pendant. At the Vlaardingen Culture site of Hellevoetsluis- Ossenhoek, three perforated teeth, of wild boar, otter and dog, were found."® The finds from these sites show that ornaments are not exclusively encountered in graves. This is not only the case for late Early Neolithic and Middle Neolithic contexts, but also for earlier phases. Perforated tusks of wild boar, as well as perforated incisors of horse, cattle, otter and canines of dogs, are known from Swifterbant contexts. Interestingly, finds from the early Swifterbant Culture context of Hoge Vaart-A27 suggest that tusks of wild boar seem to have been systematically extracted from the mandibles," possibly in order to make pendants out of them. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_044.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499655/figure-45-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_045.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499666/figure-3-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="Fig 3.21 Continued. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_046.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499676/figure-3-the-mesolithic-grave-at-rotterdam-beverwaard-with"><img alt="Fig 3.22 The Mesolithic grave at Rotterdam-Beverwaard with the stone mace head (b) and slab (a), and the mace head ( from Knooppunt Hattemerbroek (from appendix II: PUBID 259, 463). Object drawings scale 1:2. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_047.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499684/figure-3-the-inhumation-grave-at-dronten-from-appendix-ii"><img alt="Fig 3.23 The inhumation grave at Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). Top left: excavation plan showing the burial pit that intersects several Mesolithic pit hearths. Top right: preserved molars in situ. Middle: overview of the burial. Bottom: the burial pit in various stages of excavation. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_048.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499691/figure-3-overview-of-the-most-important-typochronological"><img alt="Fig 3.24 Overview of the most important typochronological tool categories for the Late Palaeolithic through Middle Neolithic (adapted from Amkreutz, Verhart & Van Gijn 2016; Brounen 2016; Deeben & Niekus 2016a, 2016b, 2016c; De Grooth 2016; Houkes 2016; Niekus, Kramer & Deeben 2016; Peeters 2016; Peeters & Devriendt 2016; Rensink & Niekus 2016; Schreurs 2016). Scale bars in centimetres. Hamburgian (top) and Creswellian (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_049.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499703/figure-50-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_050.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499715/figure-51-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_051.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499721/figure-52-lbk-top-rssen-middle-and-michelsberg-bottom"><img alt="LBK (top), Réssen (middle) and Michelsberg (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_052.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499730/figure-53-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_053.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499737/figure-54-hazendonk-top-vlaardingen-middle-left-stein-middle"><img alt="Hazendonk (top), Vlaardingen (middle left), Stein (middle right), and TRB (bottom). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_054.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499744/figure-3-pottery-from-well-aijen-perforated-lugs-and-knobs"><img alt="Fig 3.25 Pottery from Well-Aijen: perforated lugs and knobs (left), decoration (middle), rims (right). The assemblag is of Early Neolithic age (from appendix II: PUBID 725). Whilst Ittervoort and Well-Aijen provide new material for potentially developing a regional typo-chronology, a stratified site may be used for similar purposes at the local level. The sites under review provide one such example: Hazerswoude- Rijndijk.7*° This river levee site was gradually covered with clay, resulting in a stratified site that yielded ceramics from three cultural groups: Viaardingen/Stein, Funnel Beaker and Corded Ware. The analysis takes the assignment to these cultural groups as a given, and concludes that the Viaardingen-style pottery was slowly replaced by Corded Ware-style pottery, an outcome that is interpreted as evidence of a gradual change in behaviour of the inhabitants. Beckerman’s " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_055.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499747/figure-3-chronological-developments-vlaardingen-and-corded"><img alt="Fig 3.26 Chronological developments: Vlaardingen and Corded Ware in the coastal zone (from Beckerman 2015) chronological ‘frontier’ between the two is a matter of taste; in terms of both morphology and technology, there is no clear break. As Beckerman notes, this leaves decoration in Corded Ware style as the single distinctive character, and this by definition makes it impossible to have an undecorated Corded Ware vessel (fig. 3.26).?42 publication on the Corded Ware settlements in the province of Noord-Holland provides a new typo-chronological scheme in which the Vlaardingen-Corded Ware transition is proposed to have been one of cultural continuity.2” She proposes that both groups share a cultural continuum of expressions in which the factual ba a ee oat St ald ancient DNA sampled from human bone remains assocated with Bell Beaker material culture across Europe shows that socio-cultural interaction is comple: in terms of expressions of cultural identity and demography (Olalde etal. 2017). Itwarns us against drawing overly simplistic conclusions with regard to the spread and societal integration of material innovations; the understanding of geographical patterns of similarity anc variability requires a multidimensional interpretive framework that integrates different disciplines. 42 Beckerman 2015, 241-243. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_056.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499751/figure-3-interpretation-of-similarities-and-dissimilarities"><img alt="Fig 3.27 Interpretation of similarities and dissimilarities of pottery traditions between microregion: (after Raemaekers 2008). Establishing the source of the clay used in pottery production allows researchers to determine whether pottery was produced locally or not. As such, it is an excellent way to address a key question about prehistoric local communities, namely, to what degree they are MEVEIVPIEPCLIL Te PIUjeelo Ge My MEllrruitt focussed on sites. Regional analysis is almost absent, due to a combination of, on the one hand, explicitly site-related research questions and, on the other, the absence of datasets in DANS-EASY. A rare example can be found ina regional analysis of the Hazendonk pottery fror Schipluiden, thanks to the simple fact that all of the sites used in the analysis had been studie by one of us (D.C.M. Raemaekers), mostly in an academic context. The analysis starts from the realisation that Hazendonk pottery is relatively well defined in terms of morphology and decorative schemes. Within this framework, regional variation has been observed in terms ot the tempering agents used and the frequency of specific types of decoration, resulting in the identification of three microregions along the river Rhine. The pattern of regional variation wa interpreted as being the outcome of one or more of the following three variables: mobility, exchange and mode of production. Raemaekers hypothesises that the similarities in pottery in terms of temper and decoration between the Ne pcm ioe: Wann emeent ude ami ween “apd cae anemia: Menta: le " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_057.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499756/figure-3-ceramic-ware-and-lipid-analysis-of-swifterbant"><img alt="Fig 3.28 Ceramic ware and lipid analysis of Swifterbant pottery (from Raemaekers et al. 2013). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_058.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499760/figure-4-geographical-distributions-of-primary-and-secondary"><img alt="Fig 4.1 Geographical distributions of primary and secondary flint source areas in and close to the Netherlands that are (potential) sources of raw materials for the production of tools during the Late Palaeolithic through Middle Neolithic. Source areas of Scandinavian flint in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia are not indicated. The background map shows the situation of the source areas relative to the southern North Sea basin, which acted as a large sediment basin and which was accessible during the Late Glacial and Early Holocene (referred to as Doggerland). Flint and other lithic resources that were transported by rivers surrounding the basin accumulated in Doggerland. It is unknown to what extent potential source areas in this basin were exploited (map reproduced witk permission of National Geographic). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_059.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499767/figure-4-geographical-locations-of-epse-olthof-and-damme"><img alt="Fig 4.2 Geographical locations of Epse-Olthof and Damme Diimmer relative to Heligoland. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_060.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499773/figure-4-geographical-distribution-of-wommersom-quartzite"><img alt="Fig 4.3 Geographical distribution of Wommersom quartzite (source location indicated by the yellow dot) during the Mesolithic. The extensions outside the dashed polygon are based on the finds of incidental pieces of Wommersom quartzite at the sites of Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour (red dot) and Hoge Vaart-A27 (blue dot). The light pink shading represents a possible further extension of the distribution of this resource (from appendix II: PUBID 462a). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_061.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499775/figure-4-simplified-map-of-the-rhine-meuse-scheldt-drainage"><img alt="Fig 4.4 Simplified map of the Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt drainage system in the Netherlands and adjacent parts of Belgium and Germany between 6500-6000 cal. BC. Brown: Rhine system; green: Meuse system; orange: Scheldt system; blue: open sea and main estuaries (based on Kiden 2006; Vos 2015). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_062.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499782/figure-4-flint-varieties-encountered-in-early-prehistoric"><img alt="Fig 4.5 Flint varieties encountered in early prehistoric contexts in the Netherland: (a) Lanaye, (b) Banholt, (c) Rullen, (d) Lousberg, (e) Valkenburg, (f) Simpelveld, (g) Vetschau, (h) Obourg. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_063.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499788/figure-64-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_064.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499793/figure-65-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_065.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499803/figure-66-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_066.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499810/figure-4-screenshots-of-the-analysis-of-flint-and-pottery"><img alt="Fig 4.8 Screenshots of the 3D analysis of flint and pottery frequencies in features at Hoge Vaart-A27 (from Merlo 2010). Although such data can easily be displayed in a 2D environment, the 3D visualisation makes stratigraphic relationships between surface hearths (large quantities of flint or pottery) and pit hearths (quantities close to zero) more clear. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_067.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499812/figure-4-example-of-the-spatial-analysis-of-the-late"><img alt="Fig 4.9 Example of the spatial analysis of the Late Neolithic site of Zeewijk (from Nobles 2016). A: Kernel density estimates and multivariate visualisation of the flint data (KDE bandwidth = 1.75 m); B: elevation (a), slope (b), the flint multivariate visualisation (c). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_068.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499816/figure-4-horizontal-density-distribution-of-flint-at"><img alt="Fig 4.10 Horizontal density distribution of flint at Rotterdam-Groenenhagen. The circles indicate ‘clusters’ within < continuous, yet only partially investigated, area (from appendix II: PUBID 468). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_069.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499818/figure-70-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_070.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499822/figure-4-horizontal-density-distributions-in-cm-squares-of"><img alt="Fig 4.12 Horizontal density distributions in 50 x 50 cm squares of various find categories (from left to right: flint, hazelnut shell, charcoal, stone, bone) at Dronten-N23. The maps in the top row show the original frequency distributions; the maps in the bottom row show the moving average distributions (from appendix II: PUBID 538).continuous, yet only partially investigated, area (from appendix II: PUBID 468). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_071.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499825/figure-4-simplified-model-of-pattern-formation-resulting"><img alt="Fig 4.13 Simplified model of pattern formation resulting from random accumulations of ‘flint events’ (red) an ‘nut events’ (blue) for Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_072.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499829/figure-4-horizontal-density-distributions-of-flint-at"><img alt="Fig 4.14 Horizontal density distributions of flint at Leeuwarden-Hempens (from Noens 2011). A: frequency counts B: interpolated densities (kriging; interval 1 artefact); C: subdivision into ‘concentrations’; D: distribution of artefacts studies for use-wear analysis; E: distribution of artefacts showing use-wear traces; F: distribution of artefacts showing traces of hide processing (black dots: studied by V. Beugnier; red dots: studied by J. Schreurs; grey dots: studied for use wear). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_073.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499833/figure-4-horizontal-density-distribution-of-flint-at-epse"><img alt="Fig 4.15a Horizontal density distribution of flint at Epse-Olthof (from appendix II: PUBID 733). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_074.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499838/figure-4-horizontal-density-distribution-of-flint-at-zutphen"><img alt="Fig 4.15b Horizontal density distribution of flint at Zutphen-Looérenk (from appendix II: PUBID 733). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_075.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499840/figure-4-horizontal-density-distributions-of-flint-grey"><img alt="Fig 4.16 Horizontal density distributions of flint (grey shading) at Ede-Kernhem within the investigated area, and the relative importance of various microlith types (from appendix II: PUBID 745). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_076.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499851/figure-77-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_077.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499862/figure-4-horizontal-density-distributions-of-flint-at-ede"><img alt="Fig 4.17 Horizontal density distributions of flint at Ede-Kernhem for concentrations 5, 7a and 7b. Green squares represent postulated knapping locations; red and orange squares represent primary and secondary hearth locations (from appendix II: PUBID 745). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_078.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499869/figure-4-horizontal-density-distributions-of-various-tool"><img alt="Fig 4.18 Horizontal density distributions of various tool categories at Groningen-Meerstad (from appendix II: PUBID 255) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_079.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499874/figure-4-flint-distribution-patterns-at-groningen-europapark"><img alt="Fig 4.19 Flint distribution patterns at Groningen-Europapark organised according to the technological product groups as defined by Collins (1975). Top left: product group IIA; top right: product group IIB; bottom left: product group III; bottom right: product group IV (from appendix II: PUBID 752). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_080.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499880/figure-4-mesolithic-scatter-of-flint-at-zutphen-ooyerhoek"><img alt="Fig 4.20 A Mesolithic scatter of flint at Zutphen Ooyerhoek. The average weight distribution of artefacts per 1 x 1 m square suggests a ‘centrifugal’ effect, which can be explained in terms of Binford’s ‘drop-and-toss zone’ model (from Verneau & Peeters 2001). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_081.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499885/figure-4-mesolithic-features-at-hardinxveld-giessendam-de"><img alt="Fig 4.21 Mesolithic features at Hardinxveld-Giessendam De Bruin (top) and Hardinxveld-Giessendam Polderweg (bottom) which have been interpreted as sunken-floor dwelling pits (from Louwe Kooijmans & Nokkert 2001; Hamburg & Louwe-Kooijmans 2001). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_082.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499893/figure-4-mesolithic-dwelling-structure-at-soest-the-darker"><img alt="Fig 4.22 Mesolithic dwelling structure at Soest. The darker grey features are postholes visible in the C-horizon; the brown illuviation zone within the circular arrangement of postholes appears to represent the sunken floor of the dwelling (photo courtesy of BAAC). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_083.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499899/figure-4-lbk-house-plans-at-elsloo-riviusstraat-from"><img alt="Fig 4.23 LBK house plans at Elsloo-Riviusstraat (from appendix II: PUBID 194). The maps provide spatial information about the degree of preservation and finds composition of features (red: pottery; green: bone; blue: flint; purple: stone). The photos show the preservation classes of postholes, which basically reflect visibility due to bleaching (top: 200d; middle: mediocre; bottom: bad). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_084.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499908/figure-85-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_085.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499921/figure-86-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_086.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499928/figure-4-part-of-trb-enclosure-palisade-bright-green-and"><img alt="Fig 4.26 Part of a TRB enclosure/palisade (bright green) and a section showing a series of closely set posts at Knooppunt Hattemerbroek (from appendix II: PUBID 259). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_087.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499932/figure-4-zone-with-postulated-in-green-structures-dating-to"><img alt="Fig 4.27 Zone with postulated (in green) structures dating to the TRB; linear arrangements of stakes and a water pit (in blue) date to the Bronze Age (from appendix II: PUBID 260). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_088.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499942/figure-4-trb-flat-grave-cemetery-light-grey-monumental"><img alt="Fig 4.28 TRB flat grave cemetery (light grey), monumental structure (dark grey) and house plan (black) at Dalfse1 (from Van der Velde & Bouma 2016). Although it is clear that TRB occupation was well represented in the landscape near Knooppunt Hattemerbroek, it is also clear from t he reports that insight into built structures remains limited. There is no reason to exclude he attribution of the palisade and traces of omestic activity to the TRB period, even though he supporting evidence remains scanty. And the ear that we have to remain aware that there is he potential for TRB occupation in this part of t d t finds near Knooppunt Hattemerbroek make it C t the country. Evidence for TRB habitation is known from the Noordoostpolder, west of Knooppunt Hattemerbroek, as well as from Zwolle-Ittersummerbroek, to the north-east.3” The recent discovery of a TRB site near Dalfsen, only some 15 km from Knooppunt Hattemerbroek, provides an illustrative example of what can be expected in the context of development-led research — in this case an extended cemetery consisting of 137 inhumation graves and several cremation graves (fig. 4.28) that is the biggest TRB cemetery known in NW Europe thus far. Right next to the cemetery, a house plan was found that can also be attributed to the TRB. The pots from the graves mostly belong to a single phase — Brindley phase 5, maybe some phase 6/772 — which spans a restricted period of two centuries (2900-2700 cal BC). This provides a unique opportunity to " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_089.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499953/figure-4-possible-middle-neolithic-stein-group-structure-at"><img alt="Fig 4.29 A possible Middle Neolithic (Stein Group?) structure at Hof van Limburg (from appendix II: PUBID 219) - Middle Neolithic built structures have been reported from Hof van Limburg (Stein Group), Rijswijk-Ypenburg and Schipluiden (Hazendonk " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_090.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499972/figure-4-house-plans-of-the-hazendonk-group-from-rijswijk"><img alt="Fig 4.30 House plans of the Hazendonk Group from Rijswijk-Ypenburg (from Houkes & Bruning 2008). Black: features which meet the selection criteria and belong to the structure; dark grey: features which do not meet the selection criteria but belong to the structure; light grey: features which meet the selection criteria but do not belong to the structure; white: other features. The cultural context for Rijswijk-Ypenburg and Schipluiden, however, is clear: here we are definitely dealing with Hazendonk settlements.35 At Rijswijk-Ypenburg, three house plans and three other built structures were identified (fig. 4.30).7”° The house plans are two-aisled and rectangular or oval in outline, measuring c. 9.7- 8 min length and q.5-q4 m in width. The other reported structures are simple rectangular yet irregular configurations of postholes. The attribution of postholes to some particular structure was based on several variables: posthole diameter, depth, shape and infill. Visual inspection of distribution patterns of various finds categories was used to identify functional zones relative to the structures (fig. 4.31). It is important to note that the lack of continuous data in finds distributions — due to differences in finds collection strategies, and subsequent It remains uncertain whether house structures are also present at Schipluiden. As the excavators state, the only spatial structures that can be identified within the distribution of postholes consist of “single rows of relatively large postholes set at irregular distances relative to one another” 37 The search for house plans comparable to those of, for instance, Wateringen,7”* Ypenburg,3 Haamstede- Brabers*° and Vlaardingen**' (fig. 4.32), remains " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_091.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499987/figure-92-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_092.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8499996/figure-93-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_093.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500017/figure-4-fences-are-clearly-visible-around-the-dune-at"><img alt="Fig 4.33 Fences are clearly visible around the dune at Schipluiden. Wells are mainly concentrated along the northwestern and western slopes of the dune (from appendix II: PUBID 732). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_094.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500029/figure-95-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_095.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500039/figure-5-the-mesolithic-red-deer-remains-from-the-valley-of"><img alt="Fig 5.1 The Mesolithic red deer remains from the valley of the Tungelroyse Beek. Top: the bones in anatomical position; bottom left: the skeletal remains during excavation; bottom right: schematic representation of the bones uncovered (from appendix II: PUBID 395). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_096.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500060/figure-97-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_097.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500067/figure-5-sisotope-data-of-human-remains-left-in-comparison"><img alt="Fig 5.3 Stable isotope data of human remains (left) in comparison with those of terrestrial mammals remains (right from the North Sea (from Van der Plicht et al. 2016). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_098.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500077/figure-5-schematic-representation-of-the-economic-range-of"><img alt="Fig 5.4 Schematic representation of the economic range of the Schipluiden household in relation to environmental zones (from appendix II: PUBID 732). Where it comes to our insights into the exploitation of animals in the Mesolithic to Early Neolithic landscape, the picture is still highly fragmentary, and it is scattered over many published sources. This is also the case for the Middle Neolithic, despite the availability of relatively well-preserved sites, such as Schipluiden and Rijswijk-Ypenburg.4% What becomes clear from these two coastal sites is that the contribution of animal foodstuffs to the diet is first of all a continuation of hunter- gatherer traditions, but with the addition of domesticated animals. The entire environmental range in the sites’ surroundings was exploited for animal resources: the beach plain and coast, the estuaries and rivers, but also the back- barrier freshwater marshes (fig. 5.q).4% At Schipluiden, no fewer than 45 species of mammals, birds and fish either were on the menu or were caught for their fur (e.g. marten, otter and beaver) or their feathers (e.g. white- tailed eagle).4” The spectrum at Rijswijk- Ypenburg is comparable to that at Schipluiden. At both locations, aquatic environments are well represented by fish and fowl. Animal husbandry seems to have been more important than hunting wild animals where it comes to meat procurement. Nonetheless, the hunting of aurochs, wild boar, red deer and a range of fur- bearing animals, as well as predators, such as " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_099.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500092/figure-5-two-molars-of-lynx-from-schipluiden-from-appendix"><img alt="Figure 5.5 Two molars of Lynx from Schipluiden (from appendix II: PUBID 732). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_100.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500095/figure-101-ig-plane-view-of-the-tilled-horizon-at"><img alt="ig 5.6 A: Plane view of the tilled horizon at Swifterbant-S4. The patterning of dark- and light-grey patches is nterpreted as tillage marks made with some sort of hand tool. B: photograph showing a more or less regular pattern of tillage marks that become increasingly vague towards left of photograph. The dark layer on top is the ower part of a midden deposit. Square indicates image C. C: Detail of B, with tool marks indicated by triangles (fron duisman & Raemaekers 2014). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_101.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500106/figure-102-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_102.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500112/figure-103-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_103.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500117/figure-5-type-pit-hearths-at-dronten-from-appendix-ii-pubid"><img alt="Fig 5.9 Type A pit hearths at Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_104.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500125/figure-105-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_105.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500133/figure-5-type-pit-hearth-at-dronten-from-appendix-ii-pubid"><img alt="Fig 5.11 Type C pit hearth at Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_106.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500144/figure-5-charred-fragments-of-glassy-substance-from-dronten"><img alt="Fig 5.12 Charred fragments of a glassy substance from Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). Two fragments are stuck to wood charcoal that shows anatomical features of pine (red boxes). An important step towards the investigation of pit hearth function in the context of development-led projects involves the SEM and physico-chemical analysis of charcoal and tar- like substance collected from pit hearths. Following up on the initial suggestion concerning the potential use of pit hearths for the production of wood tar at Hoge Vaart-A27,%° various researchers have made Serious attempts to investigate this further. Evidence for such use " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_107.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500149/figure-5-gas-chromatography-spectrum-of-sample-of-glassy"><img alt="Fig 5.13 Gas chromatography spectrum of a sample of glassy matter from a pit hearth at Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). The spectrum indicates phenanthrene and derivates, which result from thermal degradation of pine wood through distillation. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_108.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500155/figure-109-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_109.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500159/figure-5-calibrated-dates-for-epse-olthof-all-dates-refer-to"><img alt="Fig 5.15 Calibrated “C dates for Epse-Olthof; all dates refer to samples from pit hearths (from appendix II: PUBID 538). The dates are presented for different parts of the investigated area and different excavation campaigns (Olfhof Noord; Olthof Zuid phase 1; Olthof Zuid phase 2); this subdivision, however, has no archaeological meaning. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_110.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500161/figure-5-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="Fig 5.15 Continued. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_111.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500165/figure-112-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_112.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500171/figure-5-plot-of-dates-for-four-clusters-of-sites-with-pit"><img alt="Fig 5.17 Plot of “C dates (n=243) for four clusters of sites with pit hearths along the Hunnepe drainage system. Palaeovegetation reconstructions for the Early Mesolithic have led to the suggestion that the disappearance of human activity in the Zutphen area was mainly the result of increasing From this perspective, it is interesting to return to the use of wood in the context of pit hearths. The broad picture is one of an increase in oak wood charcoal from the Boreal into the Atlantic, and corresponding decrease in pine " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_113.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500176/figure-114-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_114.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500186/figure-5-sum-probability-plot-calpal-version-of-radiocarbon"><img alt="Fig 5.19 Sum probability plot (CalPal version 2016) of 756 radiocarbon dated pit hearths from the Netherlands. The dates were calibrated using the calibration curve IntCal13 (Reimer et al. 2013). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_115.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500193/figure-5-regional-vegetation-maps-for-the-younger-dryas-from"><img alt="Fig 5.20 Regional vegetation maps for the Younger Dryas (from Bouman et al. 2013). DdTp: park landscape with birch, pine, dwarf shrubs and many herbaceous; DdTb: park landscape with birch, dwarf shrubs and many herbs; Ddkk: open vegetation rich in herbs, with heather and dwarf shrubs; DvKk: open vegetation rich in herbs, with heather and dwarf shrubs; DnOo: open plain with dwarf shrubs, birch and pine along the edge. Triangles indicate Late Palaeolithic sites. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_116.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500207/figure-6-left-sampling-grid-and-extrapolation-of-the"><img alt="Figure 6.2 Left: sampling grid and extrapolation of the quantity of flint for Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). Right: sampling grid and extrapolation (inset top right) of the quantity of flint for Ede-Kernhem, and the clusters recorded during subsequent excavation (from appendix II: PUBID 745). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_117.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500220/figure-6-left-sampling-grid-and-extrapolation-of-the"><img alt="Figure 6.2 Left: sampling grid and extrapolation of the quantity of flint for Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). Right: sampling grid and extrapolation (inset top right) of the quantity of flint for Ede-Kernhem, and the clusters recorded during subsequent excavation (from appendix II: PUBID 745). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_118.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500229/figure-6-differences-between-expected-and-recorded"><img alt="Figure 6.3 Differences between expected and recorded quantities of flint for Dronten-N23 (from appendix II: PUBID 538). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_119.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500241/figure-120-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/figure_120.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500248/table-1-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500263/table-2-aspects-initially-used-to-connect-research-questions"><img alt="Table 2.1 Aspects initially used to connect research questions to reports. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500267/table-3-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500485/table-7-noaa-research-fields-and-questions-translated-from"><img alt="Table 7.1 NOaA 2.0 research fields and questions (translated from Dutch) queried for ‘Stone Age’. Several questions appeared irrelevant for early prehistory (e.g. the evolutior of ship construction; the colonisation and layout of unembanked tidal flats and peat marshes), and have been omitted. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_027.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500271/table-4-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500276/table-5-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500280/table-3-sample-size-and-selection-criteria-for-use-wear"><img alt="Table 3.1 Sample size and selection criteria for use-wear analysis. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500287/table-3-established-functions-and-contact-materials-of-flint"><img alt="Table 3.2 Established functions and contact materials of flint tools from Mesolithic anc Neolithic contexts. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500297/table-3-established-functions-of-non-flint-stone-tools-in"><img alt="Table 3.3 Established functions of non-flint stone tools [1] In Dutch the term slijpen is used. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500300/table-3-wooden-implements-and-used-wood-this-object-somewhat"><img alt="Table 3.4 Wooden implements and used wood. * This object somewhat resembles a leister prong, also known from Bergschenhoek and numerous sites in southerr Scandinavia. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500317/table-3-summary-of-early-prehistoric-depositions-or-caches"><img alt="Table 3.5 Summary of early prehistoric depositions. or caches. Of course, neither of these suggestions can be excluded: people do lose things, and people do cache items, for instance, for future use or to protect valuables from looting. However, the contextualisation of such finds, which are mostly known from low-lying zones in the landscape (often wetlands), has shed new light on the nature of these phenomena. Hierarchic patterns in the nature of objects and their occurrence in the landscape or specific features (e.g. burials) suggests underlying principles of structuration that seem to be related to cosmological or ideological considerations.’® From this perspective, depositions of single or multiple objects are frequently interpreted as manifestations of ritual activity. of context, the difficulty is to determine which criteria should be met. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500321/table-3-sites-with-graves-and-loose-skeletal-remains"><img alt="Table 3.6 Sites with graves and loose skeletal remains. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500329/table-12-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500344/table-13-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500354/table-14-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500361/table-15-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500374/table-16-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500387/table-3-correlation-between-density-and-average-size-of"><img alt="Table 3.9 Correlation between density and average size of stone grit temper from Schipluiden. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500406/table-3-trb-sherds-from-megalithic-tombs-tombs-it-is-clear"><img alt="Table 3.10 TRB sherds from 5 megalithic tombs. tombs, it is clear that most stone grit-tempered sherds are characterised by a low density and small average particle size. Notwithstanding the possibility that the observed differences relate to more practical aspects of pottery production, two possible interpretations come to mind. First, the various TRB potters may have shared a notion on this aspect of the production process, indicating that technological knowledge was exchanged between the potters. Second, the difference in tempering strategies between Schipluiden and the TRB assemblages may indicate different pottery production rules for different socio-cultural backgrounds. Hence, data that are generally produced within the context of develop-led research potentially provide information on the social aspects of pottery production. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500413/table-19-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500426/table-5-carbonised-macroremains-of-food-plants-from-out-in"><img alt="Table 5.2 Carbonised macroremains of food plants (from Out 2009, table 9.5). In the case of Dronten-N23, for instance, no remains of potential plant food — other than charred fragments of hazelnut shell — were found in any of the analysed samples.”9 The same is true for Hanzelijn-Drontermeer and Scheemderzwaag.*° One Late Mesolithic pit hearth at Knooppunt Hattemerbroek yielded a charred root fragment of bracken.”'As yet, the evidence for a function of pit hearths in the context of plant food preparation is extremely limited indeed. We have to keep in mind, however, that the chances of finding direct evidence may be small by definition. After all, in general, any cooked plant food was removed from the pit in prehistory.” Of course, overheated (charred) parts may have remained in the pit occasionally, but most probably in minor quantities; hence, the probability of recovering parenchymatous remains from samples taken from such pits will be extremely low. So far, little is known about how these plant food stuffs were prepared and consumed. Lesser celandine, for instance, is poisonous when eaten raw. Amongst the more frequently echoed potential functions of pit hearths is the preparation of plant food. Serious attempts to gain insight into this aspect date back to the 1990s, through pioneering work on charred parenchymatous remains from Mesolithic pit hearths in the northern Netherlands.** This analysis provided evidence for the presence of a wide range of vegetative organs of nutritional value, notably, high frequencies of aquatic tissue, of taxa such as bulrush, club rush and wild beet, but also buckler fern. If these represent remains of food, the charred wood in these pits should most likely be interpreted as fuel. In the context of development-led research, explicit attention has been paid to the presence of parenchymatous remains of potential plant food. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500433/table-21-fable-estimate-of-the-number-of-generations-of"><img alt="fable 5.3 Estimate of the number of generations of hunter-gatherers that potentially yisited a site. The maximum time-depth for the individual sites is set by the calibrated xtreme start and end dates at the 20 confidence level. One hunter-gatherer generatio1 is set at 20 years. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500444/table-6-contribution-of-reports-to-the-themes-and-topics"><img alt="Table 6.1 Contribution of reports to the themes and topics discussed in the chapters 3, 4 and 5. Reports which have not delivered any useful information are not listed. + minor contribution; ++ medium contribution; +++ major contribution " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500450/table-23-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_023.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500460/table-6-methodological-approaches-to-spatial-aspects-in"><img alt="Table 6.2 Methodological approaches to spatial aspects in reports and suitability of datasets for future analysis " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_024.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500474/figure-6-schematic-representation-of-the-research-process"><img alt="Figure 6.1 Schematic representation of the research process within the context of development-led archaeology in the Netherlands. Often the solution needs to be found in the first step of the research process, namely, the project outline. Within an archaeological ‘market’ in which competition is primarily expressed in financial terms, commercial firms are evidently hesitant to do more than is required. The quality of the project outline therefore determines the quality of the research project to a large extent.%%3 We feel that it is the shared responsibility of the archaeological community to determine acceptable qualitative baselines for development-led research. As we express in our introduction (section 1.1), the purpose of archaeology is to develop insights about human behaviour in the past from a unique but vulnerable source of information. It is not about solving a ‘problem’ for economic development today. Hence, the quality of the project’s project outline should be the first concern, and this requires the adequate involvement of expert knowledge right from the beginning. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_025.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500479/table-6-recommended-survey-strategies-for-stone-age-sites"><img alt="Table 6.3 Recommended survey strategies for Stone Age sites (adapted from Verhagen et al. 2013). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_026.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500494/table-28-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_028.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/8500510/table-29-paradise-lost-insights-into-the-early-prehistory-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/55698828/table_029.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-35821639-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0031c9dc0b37661e77355147af99a6b5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55698828,"asset_id":35821639,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55698828/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35821639"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35821639"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35821639; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35821639]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35821639]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35821639; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35821639']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0031c9dc0b37661e77355147af99a6b5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35821639]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35821639,"title":"Paradise lost? 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Detecting wh...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This volume deals with the pressing issue of uncertainty in archaeological modeling. Detecting where and when uncertainty is introduced to the modeling process is critical, as are strategies for minimizing, reconciling, or accommodating such uncertainty. Included chapters provide unique perspectives on uncertainty in archaeological modeling, ranging in both theoretical and methodological orientation. The strengths and weaknesses of various identification and mitigation techniques are discussed, in particular sensitivity analysis. The chapters demonstrate that for archaeological modeling purposes, there is no quick fix for uncertainty; indeed, each archaeological model requires intensive consideration of uncertainty and specific applications for calibration and validation. As very few such techniques have been problematized in a systematic manner or published in the archaeological literature, this volume aims to provide guidance and direction to other modelers in the field by distilling some basic principles for model testing derived from insight gathered in the case studies presented. Additionally, model applications and their attendant uncertainties are presented from distinct spatio-temporal contexts and will appeal to a broad range of archaeological modelers. This volume will also be of interest to non-modeling archaeologists, as consideration of uncertainty when interpreting the archaeological record is also a vital concern for the development of non-formal (or implicit) models of human behavior in the past.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26245439"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26245439"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26245439; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26245439]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26245439]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26245439; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26245439']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26245439]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26245439,"title":"Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis in Archaeological Computational Modeling","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This volume deals with the pressing issue of uncertainty in archaeological modeling. 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This volume will also be of interest to non-modeling archaeologists, as consideration of uncertainty when interpreting the archaeological record is also a vital concern for the development of non-formal (or implicit) models of human behavior in the past.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"},{"id":4955,"name":"Computational Modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Modelling"},{"id":6404,"name":"Reasoning about Uncertainty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reasoning_about_Uncertainty"},{"id":20099,"name":"Sensitivity Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensitivity_Analysis"},{"id":24535,"name":"Archaeological Predictive Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Predictive_Modeling"},{"id":26704,"name":"Agent-based modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agent-based_modeling"}],"urls":[{"id":7218177,"url":"http://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319278315"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-26245439-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11561969"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11561969/Twenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period_at_the_Yangtze_Harbour_site_Rotterdam_Maasvlakte_the_Netherlands"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Twenty meters deep! The mesolithic period at the Yangtze Harbour site - Rotterdam Maasvlakte, the Netherlands." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37054783/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11561969/Twenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period_at_the_Yangtze_Harbour_site_Rotterdam_Maasvlakte_the_Netherlands">Twenty meters deep! The mesolithic period at the Yangtze Harbour site - Rotterdam Maasvlakte, the Netherlands.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uu.academia.edu/KimCohen">Kim M Cohen</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LucyKubiakMartens">Lucy Kubiak-Martens</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/MarcelNiekus">Marcel J L T Niekus</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>BOORrapporten 566 Interdisciplinary Archaeological Research Programme Maasvlakte 2, Rotterdam.</span><span>, Mar 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In 2011 a systematic underwater field survey and an invasive investigation were executed in the Y...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In 2011 a systematic underwater field survey and an invasive investigation were executed in the Yangtze Harbour planning area, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, commissioned by Port of Rotterdam Authority.  The aim of the work was to locate and document any archaeological remains in submerged Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene deposits at a depth of 22m to 17m bsl, in the to-be-deepened and extended harbour. A drowned Lateglacial-Early Holocene floodplain  landscape was mapped and a Mesolithic site was discovered in it. The site was visited from c. 8500 to 6500 BC and became a nodal base camp 7000 to 6500 BC, when a wetland landscape had developed around it. Abundant flint tools, bones (of mammals, fish and bird) and plant material (pristine and charred) were recovered and provide information on mobility, diet and use of fire in the Middle Mesolithic. The site rapidly drowned in the transgressing North Sea owing to accelerated sea-level rise events of the period 6500-6300 BC. The site offers a window to the lowland archaeology of the Early Holocene in areas now offshore, that inland sites cannot off. The discoveries allow interregional comparison of delta habitation between the Middle Mesolithic (offshore, at depth in the sea, Doggerland) and Late Mesolithic (onshore, Rhine-Meuse delta, at depth below urbanized coastal plain). <br /> <br />Author list: <br />Boon, J.J., Brinkhuizen, D.C., Bunnik, F.P.M., Cohen, K.M., Cremer, H., Exaltus, R.P., van Kappel, K., Kooistra, L.I., Koolmees, H., de Kruyk, H., Kubiak-Martens, L., Moree, J.M., Niekus, M.J.L.T., Peeters, J.H.M., Schiltmans, D.E.A., Verbaas, A., Verbruggen, F., Vos, P.C., Zeiler, J.T. <br /> <br />Contents: <br />Chapter 1 Introduction <br />Chapter 2 Methods and techniques <br />Chapter 3 Landscape genesis and palaeogeography  <br />Chapter 4 Flint and other stone <a href="https://www.academia.edu/11573354/" rel="nofollow">https://www.academia.edu/11573354/</a> <br />Chapter 5 Fauna <br />Chapter 6 Archaeobotany: landscape reconstruction and plant food <br />Chapter 7 Synthesis  <a href="https://www.academia.edu/11600300/" rel="nofollow">https://www.academia.edu/11600300/</a> <br /> <br /> <br />Authorship is indicated per chapter. A rich DVD with further technical reports (in Dutch) is part of the publication. It also contains a 15 minute documentary movie (bilingual). <br /> <br />The book is the English translation of BOORrapporten 523 (2014, in Dutch, same editors and authors) <br />Link to DUTCH book: <a href="http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202014/BOOR/PDF/BOORrapporten%20523%20Rotterdam%20Yangtzehaven.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202014/BOOR/PDF/BOORrapporten%20523%20Rotterdam%20Yangtzehaven.pdf</a> <br />Link to ENGLISH version: <a href="http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf</a> <br />  <br />The PDF on the Rotterdam.nl website (the right link, in grey, below) is the full Book. It contains a PREFACE, a PART 2 on the stratigraphy of the sand extraction area off the Maasvlakte extension, and an EPILOGUE on a human bone find from that area). The PDF uploaded to academia.edu (the left link, in green, below) is PART 1 only.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e77c6732320330f61c316668007e4ac6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37054783,"asset_id":11561969,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37054783/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11561969"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11561969"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11561969; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11561969]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11561969]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11561969; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11561969']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e77c6732320330f61c316668007e4ac6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11561969]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11561969,"title":"Twenty meters deep! The mesolithic period at the Yangtze Harbour site - Rotterdam Maasvlakte, the Netherlands.","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In 2011 a systematic underwater field survey and an invasive investigation were executed in the Yangtze Harbour planning area, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, commissioned by Port of Rotterdam Authority. The aim of the work was to locate and document any archaeological remains in submerged Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene deposits at a depth of 22m to 17m bsl, in the to-be-deepened and extended harbour. A drowned Lateglacial-Early Holocene floodplain landscape was mapped and a Mesolithic site was discovered in it. The site was visited from c. 8500 to 6500 BC and became a nodal base camp 7000 to 6500 BC, when a wetland landscape had developed around it. Abundant flint tools, bones (of mammals, fish and bird) and plant material (pristine and charred) were recovered and provide information on mobility, diet and use of fire in the Middle Mesolithic. The site rapidly drowned in the transgressing North Sea owing to accelerated sea-level rise events of the period 6500-6300 BC. The site offers a window to the lowland archaeology of the Early Holocene in areas now offshore, that inland sites cannot off. The discoveries allow interregional comparison of delta habitation between the Middle Mesolithic (offshore, at depth in the sea, Doggerland) and Late Mesolithic (onshore, Rhine-Meuse delta, at depth below urbanized coastal plain).\r\n\r\nAuthor list:\r\nBoon, J.J., Brinkhuizen, D.C., Bunnik, F.P.M., Cohen, K.M., Cremer, H., Exaltus, R.P., van Kappel, K., Kooistra, L.I., Koolmees, H., de Kruyk, H., Kubiak-Martens, L., Moree, J.M., Niekus, M.J.L.T., Peeters, J.H.M., Schiltmans, D.E.A., Verbaas, A., Verbruggen, F., Vos, P.C., Zeiler, J.T.\r\n\r\nContents:\r\nChapter 1 Introduction\r\nChapter 2 Methods and techniques \r\nChapter 3 Landscape genesis and palaeogeography \r\nChapter 4 Flint and other stone https://www.academia.edu/11573354/\r\nChapter 5 Fauna \r\nChapter 6 Archaeobotany: landscape reconstruction and plant food\r\nChapter 7 Synthesis https://www.academia.edu/11600300/\r\n\r\n\r\nAuthorship is indicated per chapter. A rich DVD with further technical reports (in Dutch) is part of the publication. It also contains a 15 minute documentary movie (bilingual).\r\n\r\nThe book is the English translation of BOORrapporten 523 (2014, in Dutch, same editors and authors)\r\nLink to DUTCH book: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202014/BOOR/PDF/BOORrapporten%20523%20Rotterdam%20Yangtzehaven.pdf \r\nLink to ENGLISH version: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf\r\n \r\nThe PDF on the Rotterdam.nl website (the right link, in grey, below) is the full Book. It contains a PREFACE, a PART 2 on the stratigraphy of the sand extraction area off the Maasvlakte extension, and an EPILOGUE on a human bone find from that area). The PDF uploaded to academia.edu (the left link, in green, below) is PART 1 only. \r\n","location":"Yangtzehaven, Maasvlakte 2, Port of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","more_info":"Moree, J.M. \u0026 Sier, M. M. (eds.) 2015 Interdisciplinary Archaeological Research Programme Maasvlakte 2, Rotterdam. BOORrapporten 566 ( PART 1, 343 pp.)","publisher":"Gemeente Rotterdam","journal_name":"BOORrapporten","organization":"Maasvlakte 2 Archaeological Committee; Port of Rotterdam Harbour Authority; Gemeente Rotterdam (BOOR archeological department) ","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":3,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"BOORrapporten 566 Interdisciplinary Archaeological Research Programme Maasvlakte 2, Rotterdam."},"translated_abstract":"In 2011 a systematic underwater field survey and an invasive investigation were executed in the Yangtze Harbour planning area, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, commissioned by Port of Rotterdam Authority. The aim of the work was to locate and document any archaeological remains in submerged Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene deposits at a depth of 22m to 17m bsl, in the to-be-deepened and extended harbour. A drowned Lateglacial-Early Holocene floodplain landscape was mapped and a Mesolithic site was discovered in it. The site was visited from c. 8500 to 6500 BC and became a nodal base camp 7000 to 6500 BC, when a wetland landscape had developed around it. Abundant flint tools, bones (of mammals, fish and bird) and plant material (pristine and charred) were recovered and provide information on mobility, diet and use of fire in the Middle Mesolithic. The site rapidly drowned in the transgressing North Sea owing to accelerated sea-level rise events of the period 6500-6300 BC. The site offers a window to the lowland archaeology of the Early Holocene in areas now offshore, that inland sites cannot off. The discoveries allow interregional comparison of delta habitation between the Middle Mesolithic (offshore, at depth in the sea, Doggerland) and Late Mesolithic (onshore, Rhine-Meuse delta, at depth below urbanized coastal plain).\r\n\r\nAuthor list:\r\nBoon, J.J., Brinkhuizen, D.C., Bunnik, F.P.M., Cohen, K.M., Cremer, H., Exaltus, R.P., van Kappel, K., Kooistra, L.I., Koolmees, H., de Kruyk, H., Kubiak-Martens, L., Moree, J.M., Niekus, M.J.L.T., Peeters, J.H.M., Schiltmans, D.E.A., Verbaas, A., Verbruggen, F., Vos, P.C., Zeiler, J.T.\r\n\r\nContents:\r\nChapter 1 Introduction\r\nChapter 2 Methods and techniques \r\nChapter 3 Landscape genesis and palaeogeography \r\nChapter 4 Flint and other stone https://www.academia.edu/11573354/\r\nChapter 5 Fauna \r\nChapter 6 Archaeobotany: landscape reconstruction and plant food\r\nChapter 7 Synthesis https://www.academia.edu/11600300/\r\n\r\n\r\nAuthorship is indicated per chapter. A rich DVD with further technical reports (in Dutch) is part of the publication. It also contains a 15 minute documentary movie (bilingual).\r\n\r\nThe book is the English translation of BOORrapporten 523 (2014, in Dutch, same editors and authors)\r\nLink to DUTCH book: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202014/BOOR/PDF/BOORrapporten%20523%20Rotterdam%20Yangtzehaven.pdf \r\nLink to ENGLISH version: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf\r\n \r\nThe PDF on the Rotterdam.nl website (the right link, in grey, below) is the full Book. It contains a PREFACE, a PART 2 on the stratigraphy of the sand extraction area off the Maasvlakte extension, and an EPILOGUE on a human bone find from that area). The PDF uploaded to academia.edu (the left link, in green, below) is PART 1 only. \r\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11561969/Twenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period_at_the_Yangtze_Harbour_site_Rotterdam_Maasvlakte_the_Netherlands","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-21T00:17:18.545-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":31840,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":306245,"work_id":11561969,"tagging_user_id":31840,"tagged_user_id":1014628,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***s@rug.nl","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":null,"name":"Hans Peeters","title":"Twenty meters deep! 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The aim of the work was to locate and document any archaeological remains in submerged Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene deposits at a depth of 22m to 17m bsl, in the to-be-deepened and extended harbour. A drowned Lateglacial-Early Holocene floodplain landscape was mapped and a Mesolithic site was discovered in it. The site was visited from c. 8500 to 6500 BC and became a nodal base camp 7000 to 6500 BC, when a wetland landscape had developed around it. Abundant flint tools, bones (of mammals, fish and bird) and plant material (pristine and charred) were recovered and provide information on mobility, diet and use of fire in the Middle Mesolithic. The site rapidly drowned in the transgressing North Sea owing to accelerated sea-level rise events of the period 6500-6300 BC. The site offers a window to the lowland archaeology of the Early Holocene in areas now offshore, that inland sites cannot off. The discoveries allow interregional comparison of delta habitation between the Middle Mesolithic (offshore, at depth in the sea, Doggerland) and Late Mesolithic (onshore, Rhine-Meuse delta, at depth below urbanized coastal plain).\r\n\r\nAuthor list:\r\nBoon, J.J., Brinkhuizen, D.C., Bunnik, F.P.M., Cohen, K.M., Cremer, H., Exaltus, R.P., van Kappel, K., Kooistra, L.I., Koolmees, H., de Kruyk, H., Kubiak-Martens, L., Moree, J.M., Niekus, M.J.L.T., Peeters, J.H.M., Schiltmans, D.E.A., Verbaas, A., Verbruggen, F., Vos, P.C., Zeiler, J.T.\r\n\r\nContents:\r\nChapter 1 Introduction\r\nChapter 2 Methods and techniques \r\nChapter 3 Landscape genesis and palaeogeography \r\nChapter 4 Flint and other stone https://www.academia.edu/11573354/\r\nChapter 5 Fauna \r\nChapter 6 Archaeobotany: landscape reconstruction and plant food\r\nChapter 7 Synthesis https://www.academia.edu/11600300/\r\n\r\n\r\nAuthorship is indicated per chapter. A rich DVD with further technical reports (in Dutch) is part of the publication. It also contains a 15 minute documentary movie (bilingual).\r\n\r\nThe book is the English translation of BOORrapporten 523 (2014, in Dutch, same editors and authors)\r\nLink to DUTCH book: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202014/BOOR/PDF/BOORrapporten%20523%20Rotterdam%20Yangtzehaven.pdf \r\nLink to ENGLISH version: http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf\r\n \r\nThe PDF on the Rotterdam.nl website (the right link, in grey, below) is the full Book. It contains a PREFACE, a PART 2 on the stratigraphy of the sand extraction area off the Maasvlakte extension, and an EPILOGUE on a human bone find from that area). The PDF uploaded to academia.edu (the left link, in green, below) is PART 1 only. \r\n","owner":{"id":31840,"first_name":"Kim","middle_initials":"M","last_name":"Cohen","page_name":"KimCohen","domain_name":"uu","created_at":"2009-02-16T03:14:09.961-08:00","display_name":"Kim M Cohen","url":"https://uu.academia.edu/KimCohen"},"attachments":[{"id":37054783,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37054783/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MoreeSierEds2015_BR566_PART1_Maasvlakte2_Yangtzeharbour_ENGLISH.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37054783/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Twenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37054783/MoreeSierEds2015_BR566_PART1_Maasvlakte2_Yangtzeharbour_ENGLISH.pdf?1738148629=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTwenty_meters_deep_The_mesolithic_period.pdf\u0026Expires=1743717179\u0026Signature=EKONU5AKLdZtBaXbEBOvvkVRIz1Lzvc4TjxjNqvxmBrmj746gDoE2WIqBMM5ev8j5ou4We4LIXnwU-k9WJ9kyGgPtaW9zwiO1MiFEbQSlTfb60IIJRx5rI7R5gWRxOzo6cUsEgJuLH2m4XqG0Ht9H3hBcJElgC~dpRdjAWGcc4p8BiSi1dnJWvrw10pzbVh3wq9dJ1ksvsX0kRY0u3WUXiPVi5F-TJA6iAcaBE2HbeMce1dZz4QKLPwdy6FvHlZkshr7vYGSykeWstgtHHbbRJWtn3VOHVUJSchkZXsuPE~1b~hqcSAQQ1hKLaRerTV9TGcuAtxiRW2x4uW-BSv8sQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1286,"name":"Coastal Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coastal_Engineering"},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology"},{"id":3110,"name":"Marine Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Geology"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":31619,"name":"Ports and Harbours","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ports_and_Harbours"},{"id":32163,"name":"Holocene sea level change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocene_sea_level_change"},{"id":42252,"name":"Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Pleistocene_to_Early_Holocene"},{"id":62849,"name":"Submerged landscapes and settlements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_landscapes_and_settlements"},{"id":81995,"name":"Marine geology and geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_geology_and_geophysics"},{"id":150286,"name":"Mesolithic Wetlands, Dogger Bank, North Sea Early Seafaring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Wetlands_Dogger_Bank_North_Sea_Early_Seafaring"},{"id":291062,"name":"Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_Prehistoric_Archaeology"},{"id":691877,"name":"Holocene Evolution of Deltas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocene_Evolution_of_Deltas"}],"urls":[{"id":4613588,"url":"http://www.rotterdam.nl/Clusters/Stadsbeheer/Images%202015/BOOR/PDF/BR566_Maasvlakte2_ENGLISH.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-11561969-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9956670"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9956670/Rensink_E_and_H_Peeters_eds_2006_Preserving_the_Early_Past_Investigation_selection_and_preservation_of_Palaeolithic_and_Mesolithic_sites_and_landscapes_Amersfoort_Nederlandse_Archeologische_Rapporten_31_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Rensink, E. & H. Peeters (eds.) 2006. Preserving the Early Past. Investigation, selection and preservation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sites and landscapes. Amersfoort (Nederlandse Archeologische Rapporten 31). " class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/36104472/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9956670/Rensink_E_and_H_Peeters_eds_2006_Preserving_the_Early_Past_Investigation_selection_and_preservation_of_Palaeolithic_and_Mesolithic_sites_and_landscapes_Amersfoort_Nederlandse_Archeologische_Rapporten_31_">Rensink, E. & H. Peeters (eds.) 2006. Preserving the Early Past. Investigation, selection and preservation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sites and landscapes. Amersfoort (Nederlandse Archeologische Rapporten 31). </a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://cultureelerfgoed.academia.edu/EelcoRensink">Eelco Rensink</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Lay-out: I/O-graph, Utrecht Cover design: E. van As Printed by: Plantijn Casparie, Almere</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="686e8bad9e2b419ca01c447bf8270cf8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":36104472,"asset_id":9956670,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36104472/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9956670"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9956670"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9956670; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9956670]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9956670]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9956670; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='9956670']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "686e8bad9e2b419ca01c447bf8270cf8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=9956670]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":9956670,"title":"Rensink, E. \u0026 H. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-1136124-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="925117" id="bookchapters"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="89870306"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/89870306/Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mesolithic landscapes and where to hunt big game everywhere or ???" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591382/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/89870306/Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_">Mesolithic landscapes and where to hunt big game everywhere or ???</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ku-dk.academia.edu/OleGr%C3%B8n">Ole Grøn</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Hidden Dimensions</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">As much as ‘hunting’ is a central theme in archaeological hunter-gatherer research, as little do ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">As much as ‘hunting’ is a central theme in archaeological hunter-gatherer research, as little do we actually know about the specificities of hunting strategies and how this has influenced the cultural structuring of landscapes. It is often assumed that game was hunted anywhere, but the question is whether this was the case. Firstly, the archaeological<br />picture of hunting practices and technology is biased by the overrepresentation of sites characterised by quantities of knapped lithics – the interpretation of sites with no or only little lithics is difficult, notably due to the fact that non-lithic materials are often not preserved. Secondly, there is an underestimation of the importance of non-lithic material<br />culture directly or indirectly related to hunting and landscape exploitation. Thirdly, hunting can encompass various strategies, which are associated with different uses of materials and structures in different parts of the landscape. Choices that have been made will certainly have depended on the knowledge about animal behaviour and landscape structure, with an important role for rivers, lakes and seashores. Taking differences in<br />geographical and environmental conditions, as well as variability in hunting strategies and technology into consideration, this paper attempts to identify some tendencies with regard to the hunting of key species of big game (reindeer/caribou; elk/moose; red deer; roe deer; wild boar) in Mesolithic/Late Stone Age landscapes in north-western Europe. The most important aspects of the behaviour of these species are discussed, notably seasonal variations with regard to group composition, occurrence in the landscape, and daily feeding and drinking patterns. Next, we discuss aspects of hunting, notably the establishment of the presence of game, the spotting and approaching prey, and the wounding and following of prey. This is followed by a brief look at the archaeological evidence for big game hunting and aspects of landscape structure in the Mesolithic of<br />north-western Europe. In this context, the presence of sites with deep pits in various part of the region is particularly interesting in contrast to sites characterised by high densities of lithics. Drawing from these insights, we discuss some factors that may have influenced the emergence of archaeological patterns of geographical diversity in parts of Scandinavia<br />and the Netherlands, corresponding to landscape zones with relatively high densities of lithics, in contrast to sites and landscape zones with no or very few lithics.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="47dcf2fee8ad10d463f2b3a794ceef39" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93591382,"asset_id":89870306,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591382/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="89870306"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="89870306"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89870306; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89870306]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89870306]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89870306; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='89870306']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "47dcf2fee8ad10d463f2b3a794ceef39" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=89870306]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":89870306,"title":"Mesolithic landscapes and where to hunt big game everywhere or ???","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"As much as ‘hunting’ is a central theme in archaeological hunter-gatherer research, as little do we actually know about the specificities of hunting strategies and how this has influenced the cultural structuring of landscapes. It is often assumed that game was hunted anywhere, but the question is whether this was the case. Firstly, the archaeological\npicture of hunting practices and technology is biased by the overrepresentation of sites characterised by quantities of knapped lithics – the interpretation of sites with no or only little lithics is difficult, notably due to the fact that non-lithic materials are often not preserved. Secondly, there is an underestimation of the importance of non-lithic material\nculture directly or indirectly related to hunting and landscape exploitation. Thirdly, hunting can encompass various strategies, which are associated with different uses of materials and structures in different parts of the landscape. Choices that have been made will certainly have depended on the knowledge about animal behaviour and landscape structure, with an important role for rivers, lakes and seashores. Taking differences in\ngeographical and environmental conditions, as well as variability in hunting strategies and technology into consideration, this paper attempts to identify some tendencies with regard to the hunting of key species of big game (reindeer/caribou; elk/moose; red deer; roe deer; wild boar) in Mesolithic/Late Stone Age landscapes in north-western Europe. The most important aspects of the behaviour of these species are discussed, notably seasonal variations with regard to group composition, occurrence in the landscape, and daily feeding and drinking patterns. Next, we discuss aspects of hunting, notably the establishment of the presence of game, the spotting and approaching prey, and the wounding and following of prey. This is followed by a brief look at the archaeological evidence for big game hunting and aspects of landscape structure in the Mesolithic of\nnorth-western Europe. In this context, the presence of sites with deep pits in various part of the region is particularly interesting in contrast to sites characterised by high densities of lithics. Drawing from these insights, we discuss some factors that may have influenced the emergence of archaeological patterns of geographical diversity in parts of Scandinavia\nand the Netherlands, corresponding to landscape zones with relatively high densities of lithics, in contrast to sites and landscape zones with no or very few lithics.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Hidden Dimensions"},"translated_abstract":"As much as ‘hunting’ is a central theme in archaeological hunter-gatherer research, as little do we actually know about the specificities of hunting strategies and how this has influenced the cultural structuring of landscapes. It is often assumed that game was hunted anywhere, but the question is whether this was the case. 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Taking differences in\ngeographical and environmental conditions, as well as variability in hunting strategies and technology into consideration, this paper attempts to identify some tendencies with regard to the hunting of key species of big game (reindeer/caribou; elk/moose; red deer; roe deer; wild boar) in Mesolithic/Late Stone Age landscapes in north-western Europe. The most important aspects of the behaviour of these species are discussed, notably seasonal variations with regard to group composition, occurrence in the landscape, and daily feeding and drinking patterns. Next, we discuss aspects of hunting, notably the establishment of the presence of game, the spotting and approaching prey, and the wounding and following of prey. This is followed by a brief look at the archaeological evidence for big game hunting and aspects of landscape structure in the Mesolithic of\nnorth-western Europe. 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Taking differences in\ngeographical and environmental conditions, as well as variability in hunting strategies and technology into consideration, this paper attempts to identify some tendencies with regard to the hunting of key species of big game (reindeer/caribou; elk/moose; red deer; roe deer; wild boar) in Mesolithic/Late Stone Age landscapes in north-western Europe. The most important aspects of the behaviour of these species are discussed, notably seasonal variations with regard to group composition, occurrence in the landscape, and daily feeding and drinking patterns. Next, we discuss aspects of hunting, notably the establishment of the presence of game, the spotting and approaching prey, and the wounding and following of prey. This is followed by a brief look at the archaeological evidence for big game hunting and aspects of landscape structure in the Mesolithic of\nnorth-western Europe. In this context, the presence of sites with deep pits in various part of the region is particularly interesting in contrast to sites characterised by high densities of lithics. Drawing from these insights, we discuss some factors that may have influenced the emergence of archaeological patterns of geographical diversity in parts of Scandinavia\nand the Netherlands, corresponding to landscape zones with relatively high densities of lithics, in contrast to sites and landscape zones with no or very few lithics.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":93591382,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591382/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"06_Hidden_Dimensions_Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_2022.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591382/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93591382/06_Hidden_Dimensions_Mesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt_big_game_everywhere_or_2022-libre.pdf?1667482997=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMesolithic_landscapes_and_where_to_hunt.pdf\u0026Expires=1743714520\u0026Signature=JFLhoqG6JRHxHVhXrsoA1iIB5pTJ4PCJ0844RM4dJOqa8SxGyasrPG6v0zfAOWVA~l~EosAooPXzhg-hUUQmNCpCj2F6j4a~vj1khbQl5a0XdvNakbrx3PIfDw25Kku3WXK4~LRC7vRT8xHpW8dyKGLjewKrZkXHJ~fPjx71Q4X1Cn2a01KlquwLh6FRTZZYUw1vY0QRd5eGKnZREzQ~6h~tjVNnVKWKK8A1-xJdgQOP8629eeeMuecF2M8pEn5RZO0gokOsbJJLdQ63g0TRi8pbbuM5ljnTNiolWKrIK8GHN1TdEIguiaUZJD9R76Xvv-r5KH42RFPUQHaakr3PLg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology"},{"id":32948,"name":"Hunter-Gatherers (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherers_Anthropology_"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"},{"id":970217,"name":"Hunter gatherer Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter_gatherer_Ecology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-89870306-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="89869850"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/89869850/Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cultural dynamics in Stone Age hunter gatherers hidden dimensions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591039/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/89869850/Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions">Cultural dynamics in Stone Age hunter gatherers hidden dimensions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Hidden Dimensions</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Whereas the ‘cultural groups’ of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in archaeology typically are distingu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Whereas the ‘cultural groups’ of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in archaeology typically are distinguished and classified on the basis of the typology of knapped lithics – whereby lithics are assumed to reflect these people’s territorial configurations as well as their cultural interactions – the reality becomes considerably more complicated when one is in a position to observe the organic dimensions of material culture and the way this component is used among living hunter-gatherers. Despite variations among different cultures, the organic part of their material culture seems to dominate significantly over the lithic component, in terms of both time investment in its manufacture and its role in cultural dynamics and interaction. Concerning the question of the arrival or development (i.e. diffusion or independent invention) of new cultural elements or traits, it also becomes clear that different cultural elements can follow different patterns of diffusion, in combination with different types of independent local inventiveness. The ‘currents of cultural influence’ affecting a human culture can, thus, be different for different parts of its material culture, e.g. its knapped lithics technology, its hafting methods, its clothing ornamentation, its burial customs, and so on. Such a complex, multi-layered cultural interaction pattern will in most cases be impossible to reconstruct archaeologically, but it is nevertheless important to keep the likelihood of this layering of interactions in mind,<br />so that we do not lure ourselves into the illusion that the patterns distinguishable in lithic industries necessarily correspond to other, possibly more significant cultural influences that we are unable to reconstruct.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="061dff4f6c92ed1558a7a20388a3782f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93591039,"asset_id":89869850,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591039/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="89869850"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="89869850"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89869850; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89869850]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89869850]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89869850; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='89869850']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "061dff4f6c92ed1558a7a20388a3782f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=89869850]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":89869850,"title":"Cultural dynamics in Stone Age hunter gatherers hidden dimensions","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Whereas the ‘cultural groups’ of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in archaeology typically are distinguished and classified on the basis of the typology of knapped lithics – whereby lithics are assumed to reflect these people’s territorial configurations as well as their cultural interactions – the reality becomes considerably more complicated when one is in a position to observe the organic dimensions of material culture and the way this component is used among living hunter-gatherers. Despite variations among different cultures, the organic part of their material culture seems to dominate significantly over the lithic component, in terms of both time investment in its manufacture and its role in cultural dynamics and interaction. Concerning the question of the arrival or development (i.e. diffusion or independent invention) of new cultural elements or traits, it also becomes clear that different cultural elements can follow different patterns of diffusion, in combination with different types of independent local inventiveness. The ‘currents of cultural influence’ affecting a human culture can, thus, be different for different parts of its material culture, e.g. its knapped lithics technology, its hafting methods, its clothing ornamentation, its burial customs, and so on. Such a complex, multi-layered cultural interaction pattern will in most cases be impossible to reconstruct archaeologically, but it is nevertheless important to keep the likelihood of this layering of interactions in mind,\nso that we do not lure ourselves into the illusion that the patterns distinguishable in lithic industries necessarily correspond to other, possibly more significant cultural influences that we are unable to reconstruct.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Hidden Dimensions"},"translated_abstract":"Whereas the ‘cultural groups’ of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in archaeology typically are distinguished and classified on the basis of the typology of knapped lithics – whereby lithics are assumed to reflect these people’s territorial configurations as well as their cultural interactions – the reality becomes considerably more complicated when one is in a position to observe the organic dimensions of material culture and the way this component is used among living hunter-gatherers. Despite variations among different cultures, the organic part of their material culture seems to dominate significantly over the lithic component, in terms of both time investment in its manufacture and its role in cultural dynamics and interaction. Concerning the question of the arrival or development (i.e. diffusion or independent invention) of new cultural elements or traits, it also becomes clear that different cultural elements can follow different patterns of diffusion, in combination with different types of independent local inventiveness. The ‘currents of cultural influence’ affecting a human culture can, thus, be different for different parts of its material culture, e.g. its knapped lithics technology, its hafting methods, its clothing ornamentation, its burial customs, and so on. Such a complex, multi-layered cultural interaction pattern will in most cases be impossible to reconstruct archaeologically, but it is nevertheless important to keep the likelihood of this layering of interactions in mind,\nso that we do not lure ourselves into the illusion that the patterns distinguishable in lithic industries necessarily correspond to other, possibly more significant cultural influences that we are unable to reconstruct.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89869850/Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-03T05:36:28.466-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":39010714,"work_id":89869850,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":2172766,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"o***1@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Copenhagen","display_order":1,"name":"Ole Grøn","title":"Cultural dynamics in Stone Age hunter gatherers hidden dimensions"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":93591039,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591039/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"01_Hidden_Dimensions_Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions_2022.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591039/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_ga.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93591039/01_Hidden_Dimensions_Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions_2022-libre.pdf?1667482988=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_ga.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720211\u0026Signature=bL~IgR9eP8NONGgQHI8GHWI4s9Z2x~8vhSWbm4uhEgjLBbCVu9yE4VqBqEALBqX3MK~kV8fRN3rv1wMsrToO2Pvs4qk8xpeX4QJ3vyF7m~nR5OrZz8Pgs3HPau-Qf1xKcxSM2-PicObHnJw1kh54xh8cglxBrF9seDZJ0uxTSLtYDPIeGjUY1qHCxKdY31T0isEvKx3mSs3pZGBGEE9ymQmCpxxfrRP3cIUWpZqwRki5CJhdaNO1JiBRhOgzqn-iS2hj0C~Yg2Bf9o0zqdkdbgtpjlP8cW~7Fh9zBdq3oGatSDl9cGtIGPpEbifoM4OnQSgG1vjLZIXHZzOH92~63Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions","translated_slug":"","page_count":22,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Whereas the ‘cultural groups’ of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in archaeology typically are distinguished and classified on the basis of the typology of knapped lithics – whereby lithics are assumed to reflect these people’s territorial configurations as well as their cultural interactions – the reality becomes considerably more complicated when one is in a position to observe the organic dimensions of material culture and the way this component is used among living hunter-gatherers. Despite variations among different cultures, the organic part of their material culture seems to dominate significantly over the lithic component, in terms of both time investment in its manufacture and its role in cultural dynamics and interaction. Concerning the question of the arrival or development (i.e. diffusion or independent invention) of new cultural elements or traits, it also becomes clear that different cultural elements can follow different patterns of diffusion, in combination with different types of independent local inventiveness. The ‘currents of cultural influence’ affecting a human culture can, thus, be different for different parts of its material culture, e.g. its knapped lithics technology, its hafting methods, its clothing ornamentation, its burial customs, and so on. Such a complex, multi-layered cultural interaction pattern will in most cases be impossible to reconstruct archaeologically, but it is nevertheless important to keep the likelihood of this layering of interactions in mind,\nso that we do not lure ourselves into the illusion that the patterns distinguishable in lithic industries necessarily correspond to other, possibly more significant cultural influences that we are unable to reconstruct.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":93591039,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93591039/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"01_Hidden_Dimensions_Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions_2022.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93591039/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_ga.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93591039/01_Hidden_Dimensions_Cultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_gatherers_hidden_dimensions_2022-libre.pdf?1667482988=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCultural_dynamics_in_Stone_Age_hunter_ga.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720211\u0026Signature=bL~IgR9eP8NONGgQHI8GHWI4s9Z2x~8vhSWbm4uhEgjLBbCVu9yE4VqBqEALBqX3MK~kV8fRN3rv1wMsrToO2Pvs4qk8xpeX4QJ3vyF7m~nR5OrZz8Pgs3HPau-Qf1xKcxSM2-PicObHnJw1kh54xh8cglxBrF9seDZJ0uxTSLtYDPIeGjUY1qHCxKdY31T0isEvKx3mSs3pZGBGEE9ymQmCpxxfrRP3cIUWpZqwRki5CJhdaNO1JiBRhOgzqn-iS2hj0C~Yg2Bf9o0zqdkdbgtpjlP8cW~7Fh9zBdq3oGatSDl9cGtIGPpEbifoM4OnQSgG1vjLZIXHZzOH92~63Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":24828,"name":"Lithics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithics"},{"id":32948,"name":"Hunter-Gatherers (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherers_Anthropology_"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"},{"id":119264,"name":"Bone Tools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Tools"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-89869850-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11600300"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11600300/Synthesis_Yangtze_Harbour_Mesolithic"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis Yangtze Harbour Mesolithic" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37078221/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11600300/Synthesis_Yangtze_Harbour_Mesolithic">Synthesis Yangtze Harbour Mesolithic</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is the synthesis chapter that discusses the results of the investigations at the Mesolithic ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is the synthesis chapter that discusses the results of the investigations at the Mesolithic site in the Rotterdam Yangtze Harbour in a broader spatio-temporal context.  The entire book entitled '20 meters deep' is also available!</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-11600300-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-11600300-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718924/figure-7-birds-eye-view-of-the-yangtze-harbour-planning-area"><img alt="Fig. 7.1. Bird’s-eye view of the Yangtze Harbour planning area around 6750 BC. The drier parts are covered with deciduous woodland; the wetter parts support alder and subsequently reed fringes. At further distance inland lakes appear; at the horizon (looking south), the higher coversand area marking the edge of the estuary can just be made out. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718927/figure-7-core-ba-from-target-zone-west-from-bottom-to-top-it"><img alt="Fig. 7.2. Core B37A0677/W-08 from Target zone West. From bottom to top, it shows successively: Early Holocene fluvial clay with clearly identifiable soils (KRWY) and Basal Peat (NIBA), contemporary with the site’s Middle Mesolithic occupation; freshwater tidal deposits (EC) and estuarine deposits (NAWO) from the period of rapid drowning by the sea from 6500 BC onwards; and young marine sediments (SBBL) of the past 2500 years. The harbour floor (marked 00-, top left) lay at 17.32m - asl. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718931/figure-7-distribution-of-wommersom-quartzite-used-as-raw"><img alt="Fig. 7.3. Distribution of Wommersom quartzite used as a raw material for tools during the Middle and Late Mesolithic (after Gendel 1984 and 1987, see Louwe Kooijmans, van den Broeke, Fokkens, and van Gijn 2005, with additional data from the sites Rotterdam-Beverwaard Tramremise, Rotterdam-’t Hart, Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour, and Hoge Vaart A27 in Flevoland). Based on the wetland context of the sites from Rotterdam and Hoge Vaart, a tentative northern boundary of the distribution area is indicated in pink. The yellow dot marks the location where the Wommersom quartzite outcrops, and was quarried; Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour is indicated with a red dot. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718936/figure-7-location-of-the-discussed-mesolithic-sites-in-and"><img alt="Fig. 7.4. Location of the discussed Mesolithic sites in and around Rotterdam, in relation to the river-dune complexes identified by detailed mapping programmes (compiled by: Municipality of Rotterdam Archaeological Service BOOR) 1. Rotterdam-Maasvlakte 1; 2. Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour; 3. Rotterdam-Emplacement Centraal Station; 4. Rotterdam-Hillegersberg; 5. Rotterdam-Grindweg/Argonautenweg; 6. Rotterdam-Bergse Bos; 7. Rotterdam-De Velden; 8. Rotterdam-Blankenburgstraat/Hoogviietstraat; 9. Rotterdam-’t Hart; 10. Rotterdam-lJsselmonde; 11. Rotterdam-Beverwaard Tramremise; 12. Hardinxveld-De Bruin; 13. Hardinxveld-Polderweg. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718942/figure-7-schematic-section-showing-the-anatomy-of-the-rhine"><img alt="Fig. 7.5. Schematic section showing the anatomy of the Rhine-Meuse delta, with time lines indicating water-table rise and drowning. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718951/figure-7-the-holocene-flooding-of-the-north-sea-deeper-parts"><img alt="Fig. 7.6. The Holocene flooding of the North Sea. Deeper parts (darker shade of blue) drowned between 8000 and 7000 BC. The presumed coastline position at 7000 BC and a beach-barrier alignment breached by tidal inlets are indicated, the latter by a dotted line. Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour is marked with the red dot. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718957/figure-7-the-storrega-tsunami-occurring-between-and-bc-the"><img alt="Fig. 7.7. The Storrega tsunami, occurring between 6250 and 5950 BC. The position of the Dutch coastline at the time of the tsunami is uncertain (cf Fig. 7.6). The red dot indicates the location of Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718963/figure-7-northwestern-europe-around-bc-the-progressive-sea"><img alt="Fig. 7.8. Northwestern Europe around 8000 BC. The progressive sea-level rise eventually turned the Dogger uplands into a North Sea island, and drowned them altogether around 6250 BC. Rotterdam-Yangtze Harbour is indicated with the red dot. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718972/figure-9-synthesis-yangtze-harbour-mesolithic"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718981/figure-7-scatter-diagram-of-uncalibrated-radiocarbon-dates"><img alt="Fig. 7.10. Scatter diagram of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates and elevations above prehistoric sea level. In addition to Niekus 2006 (black dots, N = 393; plotted in relation to the sea-level rise curve of the northern Netherlands). With additional data from the Yangtze Harbour (the present report), Hardinxveld- Polderweg, and Hardinxveld-De Bruin (Out 2009), Willemstad (van Es and Casparie 1968; van de Plassche 1982; Amkreuz 2013) and several Rotterdam site: (see Table 7.3, data from the site list attached to the ROaA, in preparation), plotted in relation to the sea-level rise curve of the Rhine-Meuse estuary (Hijma and Cohen 2010). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51718991/table-7-the-identified-species-macrofauna-and-their-various"><img alt="Table 7.1 The identified species (macrofauna) and their various natural habitats. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51719008/table-7-overview-of-identified-plant-food-resources-all"><img alt="Table 7.2 Overview of identified plant-food resources (all found in charred remains). * AMS radiocarbon-dated. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51719012/table-3-synthesis-yangtze-harbour-mesolithic"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/37078221/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-11600300-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cdf6bff7bab47331c9cfd4abcd9b395e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37078221,"asset_id":11600300,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37078221/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11600300"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11600300"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11600300; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11600300]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11600300]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11600300; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11600300']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cdf6bff7bab47331c9cfd4abcd9b395e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11600300]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11600300,"title":"Synthesis Yangtze Harbour Mesolithic","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This is the synthesis chapter that discusses the results of the investigations at the Mesolithic site in the Rotterdam Yangtze Harbour in a broader spatio-temporal context. 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The entire book entitled '20 meters deep' is also available!","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":37078221,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37078221/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Synthesis_Yangtze_Harbour.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37078221/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_Yangtze_Harbour_Mesolithic.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37078221/Synthesis_Yangtze_Harbour-libre.pdf?1427099463=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_Yangtze_Harbour_Mesolithic.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720211\u0026Signature=VP5vP9vqcMxpUKg7D3XKg1owHwnAknxsVywNsWE8VARK4ljlRmYiEW7C9VSkuCQ87Hsj9YeLl2M~bvXtSt~6Di2OxjPyOfzOnBOqbdF29jvsNtIYh~fHpifoY~84Cbngb6XVkaIwwKnucp8eAzFkKWzqwcg5qxa~6X0LXQoIEkNpaqURoe7xwN2Ibhn7Ipq7oLruO6oZOZzyig2z4-KlQlRfWnX-hvieVfOGNXu0MEa8jUsMEEZIiDFL6~dMiLfEIP2-~x26NtgzIpi2iy6RKxy~nzi-Qxv-v1bCy86COhb9Qr74moiolqVZPNqCqw2JXd3UcPEnTToY4vJSrsAnDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1742,"name":"Archaeobotany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeobotany"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":8184,"name":"Hunters, Fishers and Gatherers' Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunters_Fishers_and_Gatherers_Archaeology"},{"id":26089,"name":"Mesolithic Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Europe"},{"id":30976,"name":"Mesolithic/Neolithic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Neolithic"},{"id":291062,"name":"Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_Prehistoric_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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Distinct from smaller sites, Zeewijk's larger scale and diverse artifacts—including ceramics, faunal remains, and a variety of tools—further illuminate the settlement system of the Single Grave Culture. 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Mesolithicum in de Yangtzehaven-Maasvlakte te Rotterdam. (BOORrapporten 523)</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Landschapsontwikkeling en bewoning in het Vroeg Holoceen J.M. Moree en M.M. Sier (red.) Met bijdr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Landschapsontwikkeling en bewoning in het Vroeg Holoceen J.M. Moree en M.M. Sier (red.) 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" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436915/figure-13-the-haddock-from-poll-source-is-rarely-found-in"><img alt="Figure 13.2 The haddock (from Poll 1947; source www.marinespecies.org) is rarely found in Neolithic sites and was caught in deep water by means of a boat. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436923/figure-13-mienakker-features-and-the-interpretation-of"><img alt="Figure 13.3 Mienakker features and the interpretation of structures. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436934/table-1-synthesis-of-the-monograph-on-the-single-grave"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436942/table-2-synthesis-of-the-monograph-on-the-single-grave"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436951/table-13-phasing-of-mienakker-associated-features"><img alt="Table 13.1 Phasing of Mienakker, associated features, interpretation and absolute dating. Absolute chronology PAM OVIULLY EE er ey Besides identifying stratigraphical relationships between features and cultural layers, 1*C dates were the c relati at Mi time taken in order to gain an understanding of hronology of the site. These dates, and the ve phasing described above, allow the site enakker to be placed in an absolute frame (Fig. 13.1). Habitation took place somewhere between 2880 and 2480 BC. Traces and features like cattle hoof prints, fence lines, a stora ge pit (feature $120) and the postholes and hearth belonging to structure MKII can be posit refus ively attributed to this phase. A deposit of e north of the house and in the creek (probably still active at the time) constitute the material remnants of this phase of occupation at Mien akker. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31436960/table-13-seasonality-at-mienakker-built-cattle-were-kept-in"><img alt="Table 13.2 Seasonality at Mienakker. built, cattle were kept in a specific area of the settlement and refuse was dumped outside the house structure to keep the living floor clean. gathering and farming — were carried out in specific seasonal episodes during the year. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/32371748/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-5181560-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8c0c6250c3e408515daa89167d91b560" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":32371748,"asset_id":5181560,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32371748/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="5181560"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5181560"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5181560; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5181560]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5181560]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5181560; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='5181560']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8c0c6250c3e408515daa89167d91b560" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=5181560]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":5181560,"title":"Synthesis of the monograph on the Single Grave Culture site of Mienakker","translated_title":"","metadata":{"more_info":"The full volume can be downloaded from www.cultureelerfgoed.nl","ai_abstract":"This monograph synthesizes the findings from the Single Grave Culture site of Mienakker, addressing multiple aspects such as spatial extent of settlements, intra-site differentiation, artefact assemblages, structure functionality, occupation duration, group composition, cultural biographic variability, and the ecological representation in archaeozoological and archaeobotanical remains. It provides a comparative context with previously published sites, enhancing the understanding of the Single Grave Culture's presence in the broader geographical landscape of Noord-Holland.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2013,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5181560/Synthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single_Grave_Culture_site_of_Mienakker","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-11-21T20:13:15.720-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32371748,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/32371748/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MienakkerSynthesis.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32371748/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/32371748/MienakkerSynthesis-libre.pdf?1391185176=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=THtnZSf6crrOVbUyN2BJLK2cUTcqgLTSG~VedMemYWw2hMAhWP5iOK15tEVPgFkKLc~OXPOdoi0QG3UHvSvZT41coM3KLkL~9FHxGl6lmfGiO7BQdOP5TvL-BVAAVZPSUC-T79k11YGdWwfxSvRyxAGyON3-RKXhdRK12EfBMKXSEY~hm8DH9jaRgJVnZ6RwAg2z7I1YY1PoPsE9ZbK2iAJbV37x-9gIRHYXcr8926yBldWunfrtOcAVA9GgYqLbGpstNaIh1pibQoMQ01xJa5mNoOAMAANhQTZKc45B3LL2sP7mHgkuPQ~3BlJks8aoMgYH-kIZ3dEzDWzjnkuAYw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Synthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single_Grave_Culture_site_of_Mienakker","translated_slug":"","page_count":33,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":32371748,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/32371748/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MienakkerSynthesis.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32371748/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/32371748/MienakkerSynthesis-libre.pdf?1391185176=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_of_the_monograph_on_the_Single.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=THtnZSf6crrOVbUyN2BJLK2cUTcqgLTSG~VedMemYWw2hMAhWP5iOK15tEVPgFkKLc~OXPOdoi0QG3UHvSvZT41coM3KLkL~9FHxGl6lmfGiO7BQdOP5TvL-BVAAVZPSUC-T79k11YGdWwfxSvRyxAGyON3-RKXhdRK12EfBMKXSEY~hm8DH9jaRgJVnZ6RwAg2z7I1YY1PoPsE9ZbK2iAJbV37x-9gIRHYXcr8926yBldWunfrtOcAVA9GgYqLbGpstNaIh1pibQoMQ01xJa5mNoOAMAANhQTZKc45B3LL2sP7mHgkuPQ~3BlJks8aoMgYH-kIZ3dEzDWzjnkuAYw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":35514,"name":"Single Grave Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Single_Grave_Culture"},{"id":35985,"name":"Mortuary archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mortuary_archaeology"},{"id":40780,"name":"Settlement archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Settlement_archaeology"},{"id":109033,"name":"Late Neolithic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Neolithic"}],"urls":[{"id":1972426,"url":"http://cultureelerfgoed.nl/sites/default/files/documenten/NAR45-Mienakker.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-5181560-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="143112" id="papersinenglish"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127925173"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127925173/Reply_to_Burnt_ant_nests_and_their_parallels_with_Mesolithic_charcoal_rich_pits_A_comment_on_Huisman_et_al_2024_By_Philippe_Cromb%C3%A9_and_Roger_Langohr"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reply to "Burnt ant nests and their parallels with Mesolithic charcoal-rich pits: A comment on Huisman et al. (2024)" By Philippe Crombé and Roger Langohr" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121584905/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127925173/Reply_to_Burnt_ant_nests_and_their_parallels_with_Mesolithic_charcoal_rich_pits_A_comment_on_Huisman_et_al_2024_By_Philippe_Cromb%C3%A9_and_Roger_Langohr">Reply to "Burnt ant nests and their parallels with Mesolithic charcoal-rich pits: A comment on Huisman et al. (2024)" By Philippe Crombé and Roger Langohr</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Archaeological Science</span><span>, 2025</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1kgu515SlU4bow Crombé and Langohr (2025) criticize our interpretat...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden"><a href="https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1kgu515SlU4bow" rel="nofollow">https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1kgu515SlU4bow</a><br />Crombé and Langohr (2025) criticize our interpretation (Huisman et al., 2024) that morphological and micromorphological differences between modern ant nest remains and Mesolithic "pit hearth" features support an anthropogenic origin of the latter. In this response to the main points of their response, we argue that podzols were present during the Mesolithic and could be humus-cemented. Furthermore, the lack of tunnelling features in Mesolithic hearth features cannot be explained by archaeologists not digging deep enough, as such tunnels also extend laterally from an ant nest. The biological features observed in the Doel excavations do not match the morphology of ant tunnels. Moreover, the charred material we observed in a burnt nest does not match that of Mesolithic hearth features. We agree that further research on ant nests as well as on the Mesolithic features would strengthen our case, but this is difficult because of ethical and practical considerations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7927ac34c6ddd0f7213b61c3b1be2d28" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121584905,"asset_id":127925173,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121584905/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127925173"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127925173"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127925173; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127925173]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127925173]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127925173; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127925173']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7927ac34c6ddd0f7213b61c3b1be2d28" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127925173]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127925173,"title":"Reply to \"Burnt ant nests and their parallels with Mesolithic charcoal-rich pits: A comment on Huisman et al. (2024)\" By Philippe Crombé and Roger Langohr","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2025.106188","abstract":"https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1kgu515SlU4bow\nCrombé and Langohr (2025) criticize our interpretation (Huisman et al., 2024) that morphological and micromorphological differences between modern ant nest remains and Mesolithic \"pit hearth\" features support an anthropogenic origin of the latter. In this response to the main points of their response, we argue that podzols were present during the Mesolithic and could be humus-cemented. Furthermore, the lack of tunnelling features in Mesolithic hearth features cannot be explained by archaeologists not digging deep enough, as such tunnels also extend laterally from an ant nest. The biological features observed in the Doel excavations do not match the morphology of ant tunnels. Moreover, the charred material we observed in a burnt nest does not match that of Mesolithic hearth features. We agree that further research on ant nests as well as on the Mesolithic features would strengthen our case, but this is difficult because of ethical and practical considerations.","grobid_abstract":"Crombé and Langohr (2025) criticize our interpretation that morphological and micromorphological differences between modern ant nest remains and Mesolithic \"pit hearth\" features support an anthropogenic origin of the latter. In this response to the main points of their response, we argue that podzols were present during the Mesolithic and could be humus-cemented. Furthermore, the lack of tunnelling features in Mesolithic hearth features cannot be explained by archaeologists not digging deep enough, as such tunnels also extend laterally from an ant nest. The biological features observed in the Doel excavations do not match the morphology of ant tunnels. Moreover, the charred material we observed in a burnt nest does not match that of Mesolithic hearth features. We agree that further research on ant nests as well as on the Mesolithic features would strengthen our case, but this is difficult because of ethical and practical considerations.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2025,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":121584905},"translated_abstract":"https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1kgu515SlU4bow\nCrombé and Langohr (2025) criticize our interpretation (Huisman et al., 2024) that morphological and micromorphological differences between modern ant nest remains and Mesolithic \"pit hearth\" features support an anthropogenic origin of the latter. In this response to the main points of their response, we argue that podzols were present during the Mesolithic and could be humus-cemented. Furthermore, the lack of tunnelling features in Mesolithic hearth features cannot be explained by archaeologists not digging deep enough, as such tunnels also extend laterally from an ant nest. The biological features observed in the Doel excavations do not match the morphology of ant tunnels. Moreover, the charred material we observed in a burnt nest does not match that of Mesolithic hearth features. We agree that further research on ant nests as well as on the Mesolithic features would strengthen our case, but this is difficult because of ethical and practical considerations.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127925173/Reply_to_Burnt_ant_nests_and_their_parallels_with_Mesolithic_charcoal_rich_pits_A_comment_on_Huisman_et_al_2024_By_Philippe_Cromb%C3%A9_and_Roger_Langohr","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2025-02-28T00:36:23.789-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":43195650,"work_id":127925173,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":1118348,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"h***n@cultureelerfgoed.nl","affiliation":"Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands","display_order":1,"name":"Hans Huisman","title":"Reply to \"Burnt ant nests and their parallels with Mesolithic charcoal-rich pits: A comment on Huisman et al. 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In this response to the main points of their response, we argue that podzols were present during the Mesolithic and could be humus-cemented. Furthermore, the lack of tunnelling features in Mesolithic hearth features cannot be explained by archaeologists not digging deep enough, as such tunnels also extend laterally from an ant nest. The biological features observed in the Doel excavations do not match the morphology of ant tunnels. Moreover, the charred material we observed in a burnt nest does not match that of Mesolithic hearth features. We agree that further research on ant nests as well as on the Mesolithic features would strengthen our case, but this is difficult because of ethical and practical considerations.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":121584905,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121584905/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Reply_to_Crombe_Langohr.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121584905/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Reply_to_Burnt_ant_nests_and_their_paral.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121584905/Reply_to_Crombe_Langohr-libre.pdf?1740735475=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReply_to_Burnt_ant_nests_and_their_paral.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720211\u0026Signature=RQsRmC4euQgrZ~9TV8QgffaNNwx8Tjsj2pzazpg6GDxzyWREe7dx-dfQBgWIWJT51u7KAykaJV2fjCnPVZsvvz~oprunjdGQlQNPGKVN~RQsK8DbnKYIE-g5oJshNhXLeU7u4Xkh8x1z-owBZLIwzCQ3t-jf7yZsUpFeUCZKWnJUzYV2RtdxaGVwgtdvqnwoLwhJUoCnMfPWasarwteuu8b1miq~MkC2~uE97uZMfDlKrcV5EooD6kSNk64Ms-d1eswx2tjDT9mdcJVGqHwh8thXUaYcS85OEtpX-~dW-mghUuHh~AH~5oicL1jRNsTtL2UcwFynldlk4eCz-56CpQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1706,"name":"Geoarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geoarchaeology"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":15780,"name":"Taphonomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taphonomy"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-127925173-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127620184"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127620184/Making_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts_a_review_of_best_practices_for_the_design_of_a_successful_workflow_for_machine_learning_assisted_citizen_science_projects"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Making sense of fossils and artefacts: a review of best practices for the design of a successful workflow for machine learning-assisted citizen science projects" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121327639/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127620184/Making_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts_a_review_of_best_practices_for_the_design_of_a_successful_workflow_for_machine_learning_assisted_citizen_science_projects">Making sense of fossils and artefacts: a review of best practices for the design of a successful workflow for machine learning-assisted citizen science projects</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Eijkelboom">Isaak Eijkelboom</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PEER J</span><span>, 2025</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Historically, the extensive involvement of citizen scientists in palaeontology and archaeology ha...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Historically, the extensive involvement of citizen scientists in palaeontology and archaeology has resulted in many discoveries and insights. More recently, machine learning has emerged as a broadly applicable tool for analysing large datasets of fossils and artefacts. In the digital age, citizen science (CS) and machine learning (ML) prove to be mutually beneficial, and a combined CS-ML approach is increasingly successful in areas such as biodiversity research. Ever-dropping<br />computational costs and the smartphone revolution have put ML tools in the hands of citizen scientists with the potential to generate high-quality data, create new insights from large datasets and elevate public engagement. However, without an integrated approach, new CS-ML projects may not realise the full scientific and public engagement potential. Furthermore, object-based data gathering of fossils and<br />artefacts comes with different requirements for successful CS-ML approaches than observation-based data gathering in biodiversity monitoring. In this review we investigate best practices and common pitfalls in this new interdisciplinary field in order to formulate a workflow to guide future palaeontological and archaeological projects. Our CS-ML workflow is subdivided in four project phases: (I) preparation, (II) execution, (III) implementation and (IV) reiteration. To reach the objectives and manage the challenges for different subject domains (CS tasks, ML development, research, stakeholder engagement and app/infrastructure development), tasks are formulated and allocated to different roles in the project. We also provide an outline for an integrated online CS platform which will help reach a project’s full scientific and public engagement potential. Finally, to illustrate the implementation of our CS-ML approach in practice and showcase differences with more commonly available biodiversity CS-ML approaches, we discuss the LegaSea project in which<br />fossils and artefacts from sand nourishments in the western Netherlands are studied.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f24be7cd7b5df76ecb973f961e525458" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121327639,"asset_id":127620184,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121327639/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127620184"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127620184"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127620184; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127620184]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127620184]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127620184; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127620184']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f24be7cd7b5df76ecb973f961e525458" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127620184]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127620184,"title":"Making sense of fossils and artefacts: a review of best practices for the design of a successful workflow for machine learning-assisted citizen science projects","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.7717/peerj.18927","abstract":"Historically, the extensive involvement of citizen scientists in palaeontology and archaeology has resulted in many discoveries and insights. More recently, machine learning has emerged as a broadly applicable tool for analysing large datasets of fossils and artefacts. In the digital age, citizen science (CS) and machine learning (ML) prove to be mutually beneficial, and a combined CS-ML approach is increasingly successful in areas such as biodiversity research. Ever-dropping\ncomputational costs and the smartphone revolution have put ML tools in the hands of citizen scientists with the potential to generate high-quality data, create new insights from large datasets and elevate public engagement. However, without an integrated approach, new CS-ML projects may not realise the full scientific and public engagement potential. Furthermore, object-based data gathering of fossils and\nartefacts comes with different requirements for successful CS-ML approaches than observation-based data gathering in biodiversity monitoring. In this review we investigate best practices and common pitfalls in this new interdisciplinary field in order to formulate a workflow to guide future palaeontological and archaeological projects. Our CS-ML workflow is subdivided in four project phases: (I) preparation, (II) execution, (III) implementation and (IV) reiteration. To reach the objectives and manage the challenges for different subject domains (CS tasks, ML development, research, stakeholder engagement and app/infrastructure development), tasks are formulated and allocated to different roles in the project. We also provide an outline for an integrated online CS platform which will help reach a project’s full scientific and public engagement potential. Finally, to illustrate the implementation of our CS-ML approach in practice and showcase differences with more commonly available biodiversity CS-ML approaches, we discuss the LegaSea project in which\nfossils and artefacts from sand nourishments in the western Netherlands are studied.","grobid_abstract":"Historically, the extensive involvement of citizen scientists in palaeontology and archaeology has resulted in many discoveries and insights. More recently, machine learning has emerged as a broadly applicable tool for analysing large datasets of fossils and artefacts. In the digital age, citizen science (CS) and machine learning (ML) prove to be mutually beneficial, and a combined CS-ML approach is increasingly successful in areas such as biodiversity research. Ever-dropping computational costs and the smartphone revolution have put ML tools in the hands of citizen scientists with the potential to generate high-quality data, create new insights from large datasets and elevate public engagement. However, without an integrated approach, new CS-ML projects may not realise the full scientific and public engagement potential. Furthermore, object-based data gathering of fossils and artefacts comes with different requirements for successful CS-ML approaches than observation-based data gathering in biodiversity monitoring. In this review we investigate best practices and common pitfalls in this new interdisciplinary field in order to formulate a workflow to guide future palaeontological and archaeological projects. Our CS-ML workflow is subdivided in four project phases: (I) preparation, (II) execution, (III) implementation and (IV) reiteration. To reach the objectives and manage the challenges for different subject domains (CS tasks, ML development, research, stakeholder engagement and app/infrastructure development), tasks are formulated and allocated to different roles in the project. We also provide an outline for an integrated online CS platform which will help reach a project's full scientific and public engagement potential. Finally, to illustrate the implementation of our CS-ML approach in practice and showcase differences with more commonly","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2025,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"PEER J","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":121327639},"translated_abstract":"Historically, the extensive involvement of citizen scientists in palaeontology and archaeology has resulted in many discoveries and insights. More recently, machine learning has emerged as a broadly applicable tool for analysing large datasets of fossils and artefacts. In the digital age, citizen science (CS) and machine learning (ML) prove to be mutually beneficial, and a combined CS-ML approach is increasingly successful in areas such as biodiversity research. Ever-dropping\ncomputational costs and the smartphone revolution have put ML tools in the hands of citizen scientists with the potential to generate high-quality data, create new insights from large datasets and elevate public engagement. However, without an integrated approach, new CS-ML projects may not realise the full scientific and public engagement potential. Furthermore, object-based data gathering of fossils and\nartefacts comes with different requirements for successful CS-ML approaches than observation-based data gathering in biodiversity monitoring. In this review we investigate best practices and common pitfalls in this new interdisciplinary field in order to formulate a workflow to guide future palaeontological and archaeological projects. Our CS-ML workflow is subdivided in four project phases: (I) preparation, (II) execution, (III) implementation and (IV) reiteration. To reach the objectives and manage the challenges for different subject domains (CS tasks, ML development, research, stakeholder engagement and app/infrastructure development), tasks are formulated and allocated to different roles in the project. We also provide an outline for an integrated online CS platform which will help reach a project’s full scientific and public engagement potential. Finally, to illustrate the implementation of our CS-ML approach in practice and showcase differences with more commonly available biodiversity CS-ML approaches, we discuss the LegaSea project in which\nfossils and artefacts from sand nourishments in the western Netherlands are studied.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127620184/Making_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts_a_review_of_best_practices_for_the_design_of_a_successful_workflow_for_machine_learning_assisted_citizen_science_projects","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2025-02-13T00:44:53.326-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":43118123,"work_id":127620184,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":301967953,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"i***m@naturalis.nl","display_order":1,"name":"Isaak Eijkelboom","title":"Making sense of fossils and artefacts: a review of best practices for the design of a successful workflow for machine learning-assisted citizen science projects"},{"id":43118124,"work_id":127620184,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":252221,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***z@rmo.nl","affiliation":"National Museum of Antiquities, Leiden","display_order":2,"name":"Luc Amkreutz","title":"Making sense of fossils and artefacts: a review of best practices for the design of a successful workflow for machine learning-assisted citizen science projects"},{"id":43118125,"work_id":127620184,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":7045886,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***l@telfort.nl","display_order":3,"name":"Dick Mol","title":"Making sense of fossils and artefacts: a review of best practices for the design of a successful workflow for machine learning-assisted citizen science projects"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":121327639,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121327639/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Eijkelboom_et_al._Making_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121327639/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Making_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121327639/Eijkelboom_et_al._Making_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts-libre.pdf?1739438285=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMaking_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1743650498\u0026Signature=K8qPvCNF9BH44SAMyeHZPvYNUlykFb5ABDabqtm60uFMaBKcXN~BGvP15xP5bdpjgpU420-YN7Cfz0CWrK~w2O9Z0ipFfCzZBUsIwgJlbLxoSBFHzcVWOjo0Mv8oEwzjo~IqWqvKQfN0U9g-fACi5KHv1Z2re7NsVieQi5yNu6Q4mMww7wmWVLwUf9KgylW5oeI4vt6U7vEnNL2zM4o~ltffYtD210JLWQhjfPvrBcjQhi-tHrRpneWNQfy7jQBWtYv2AHmclu3Oolf60qH4Wk2s9j2VfywXqADZFwsY3JNvvESr2noYcBHucgb64KisllzkVShlI6RKJn6gSW4jvg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Making_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts_a_review_of_best_practices_for_the_design_of_a_successful_workflow_for_machine_learning_assisted_citizen_science_projects","translated_slug":"","page_count":39,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Historically, the extensive involvement of citizen scientists in palaeontology and archaeology has resulted in many discoveries and insights. More recently, machine learning has emerged as a broadly applicable tool for analysing large datasets of fossils and artefacts. In the digital age, citizen science (CS) and machine learning (ML) prove to be mutually beneficial, and a combined CS-ML approach is increasingly successful in areas such as biodiversity research. Ever-dropping\ncomputational costs and the smartphone revolution have put ML tools in the hands of citizen scientists with the potential to generate high-quality data, create new insights from large datasets and elevate public engagement. However, without an integrated approach, new CS-ML projects may not realise the full scientific and public engagement potential. Furthermore, object-based data gathering of fossils and\nartefacts comes with different requirements for successful CS-ML approaches than observation-based data gathering in biodiversity monitoring. In this review we investigate best practices and common pitfalls in this new interdisciplinary field in order to formulate a workflow to guide future palaeontological and archaeological projects. Our CS-ML workflow is subdivided in four project phases: (I) preparation, (II) execution, (III) implementation and (IV) reiteration. To reach the objectives and manage the challenges for different subject domains (CS tasks, ML development, research, stakeholder engagement and app/infrastructure development), tasks are formulated and allocated to different roles in the project. We also provide an outline for an integrated online CS platform which will help reach a project’s full scientific and public engagement potential. Finally, to illustrate the implementation of our CS-ML approach in practice and showcase differences with more commonly available biodiversity CS-ML approaches, we discuss the LegaSea project in which\nfossils and artefacts from sand nourishments in the western Netherlands are studied.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":121327639,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121327639/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Eijkelboom_et_al._Making_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121327639/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Making_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121327639/Eijkelboom_et_al._Making_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts-libre.pdf?1739438285=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMaking_sense_of_fossils_and_artefacts_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1743650498\u0026Signature=K8qPvCNF9BH44SAMyeHZPvYNUlykFb5ABDabqtm60uFMaBKcXN~BGvP15xP5bdpjgpU420-YN7Cfz0CWrK~w2O9Z0ipFfCzZBUsIwgJlbLxoSBFHzcVWOjo0Mv8oEwzjo~IqWqvKQfN0U9g-fACi5KHv1Z2re7NsVieQi5yNu6Q4mMww7wmWVLwUf9KgylW5oeI4vt6U7vEnNL2zM4o~ltffYtD210JLWQhjfPvrBcjQhi-tHrRpneWNQfy7jQBWtYv2AHmclu3Oolf60qH4Wk2s9j2VfywXqADZFwsY3JNvvESr2noYcBHucgb64KisllzkVShlI6RKJn6gSW4jvg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology"},{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence"},{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning"},{"id":28160,"name":"Palaeontology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Palaeontology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-127620184-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123314466"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123314466/Some_first_observations_on_ant_nest_morphology_and_micromorphology_the_effects_of_wildfires_and_their_implications_for_the_understanding_of_archaeological_features"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Some first observations on ant-nest morphology and micromorphology, the effects of wildfires, and their implications for the understanding of archaeological features" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117774974/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123314466/Some_first_observations_on_ant_nest_morphology_and_micromorphology_the_effects_of_wildfires_and_their_implications_for_the_understanding_of_archaeological_features">Some first observations on ant-nest morphology and micromorphology, the effects of wildfires, and their implications for the understanding of archaeological features</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Archaeological Science</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Ants are among the soil mesofauna that cause significant bioturbation at the location of their ne...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Ants are among the soil mesofauna that cause significant bioturbation at the location of their nests. They can have significant impact on the preservation of soil features and on post-depositional artefact distribution. Moreover, there is discussion on the natural or anthropogenic nature of so-called ‘pit-hearth’ features dating to the Mesolithic. Such features are common in parts of the Netherlands, NW Belgium, and NW Germany, and form an important body of evidence in the study of hunter-gatherer landscape use. However, it has been hypothesized that these features represent ant nests burnt due to climate-related wildfires, instead of anthropogenic pit hearths, and are therefore of little archaeological value, other than as a potential proxy for climate conditions. Considering the lack of direct evidence on underground characteristics of ant nests, we investigated the characteristics of two wood ant nests: One abandoned and one accidently burnt in a wildfire c. 10 years earlier. We trenched through the ant nest remains and used micromorphology to study the characteristics of the ant-influenced soil profiles. The surface domes of the ant nests had disappeared, leaving behind a bowl-shaped depression. In the burnt ant nest, a thin band of charred litter-like organic material was all that was left over from the burned superstructure. These depressions seem not to reach deeper than the top of cemented podzol Bhs-horizons. Surrounding and underneath the depression, extensive networks of tunnels and chambers were found in the B- and C-horizons. If archaeological artefacts had been present on the site, they would have become buried and moved to the top of the B-horizon. Any soil features would have been destroyed. Moreover, the extensive tunnel and chamber network extending from the depression would potentially affect the botanical record and the OSL signal of the deposits.<br />Comparison of our results with Mesolithic pit-hearth features shows substantial differences between the two types of remains. Ant nest depressions do not extend into (cemented) podzol B horizons, whereas Mesolithic pit hearths typically have their base in the C horizons. The extensive tunnelling in B- and C-horizons of large ant nests has not been observed in Mesolithic pit-hearth features. On the other hand, the large amount of charred humus and charcoal fragments in Mesolithic pit hearths are lacking in the burned ant nest we studied. We therefore conclude that Mesolithic pit-hearth features are not the result of the burning down of ant nests, but should be regarded as anthropogenic features.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="329d41c37ad9dbc1de95e93ab4521884" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":117774974,"asset_id":123314466,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/117774974/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123314466"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123314466"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123314466; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123314466]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123314466]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123314466; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123314466']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "329d41c37ad9dbc1de95e93ab4521884" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123314466]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123314466,"title":"Some first observations on ant-nest morphology and micromorphology, the effects of wildfires, and their implications for the understanding of archaeological features","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106056","abstract":"Ants are among the soil mesofauna that cause significant bioturbation at the location of their nests. They can have significant impact on the preservation of soil features and on post-depositional artefact distribution. Moreover, there is discussion on the natural or anthropogenic nature of so-called ‘pit-hearth’ features dating to the Mesolithic. Such features are common in parts of the Netherlands, NW Belgium, and NW Germany, and form an important body of evidence in the study of hunter-gatherer landscape use. However, it has been hypothesized that these features represent ant nests burnt due to climate-related wildfires, instead of anthropogenic pit hearths, and are therefore of little archaeological value, other than as a potential proxy for climate conditions. Considering the lack of direct evidence on underground characteristics of ant nests, we investigated the characteristics of two wood ant nests: One abandoned and one accidently burnt in a wildfire c. 10 years earlier. We trenched through the ant nest remains and used micromorphology to study the characteristics of the ant-influenced soil profiles. The surface domes of the ant nests had disappeared, leaving behind a bowl-shaped depression. In the burnt ant nest, a thin band of charred litter-like organic material was all that was left over from the burned superstructure. These depressions seem not to reach deeper than the top of cemented podzol Bhs-horizons. Surrounding and underneath the depression, extensive networks of tunnels and chambers were found in the B- and C-horizons. If archaeological artefacts had been present on the site, they would have become buried and moved to the top of the B-horizon. Any soil features would have been destroyed. 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We therefore conclude that Mesolithic pit-hearth features are not the result of the burning down of ant nests, but should be regarded as anthropogenic features.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2024,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Archaeological Science"},"translated_abstract":"Ants are among the soil mesofauna that cause significant bioturbation at the location of their nests. They can have significant impact on the preservation of soil features and on post-depositional artefact distribution. Moreover, there is discussion on the natural or anthropogenic nature of so-called ‘pit-hearth’ features dating to the Mesolithic. Such features are common in parts of the Netherlands, NW Belgium, and NW Germany, and form an important body of evidence in the study of hunter-gatherer landscape use. However, it has been hypothesized that these features represent ant nests burnt due to climate-related wildfires, instead of anthropogenic pit hearths, and are therefore of little archaeological value, other than as a potential proxy for climate conditions. Considering the lack of direct evidence on underground characteristics of ant nests, we investigated the characteristics of two wood ant nests: One abandoned and one accidently burnt in a wildfire c. 10 years earlier. We trenched through the ant nest remains and used micromorphology to study the characteristics of the ant-influenced soil profiles. The surface domes of the ant nests had disappeared, leaving behind a bowl-shaped depression. In the burnt ant nest, a thin band of charred litter-like organic material was all that was left over from the burned superstructure. These depressions seem not to reach deeper than the top of cemented podzol Bhs-horizons. 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We trenched through the ant nest remains and used micromorphology to study the characteristics of the ant-influenced soil profiles. The surface domes of the ant nests had disappeared, leaving behind a bowl-shaped depression. In the burnt ant nest, a thin band of charred litter-like organic material was all that was left over from the burned superstructure. These depressions seem not to reach deeper than the top of cemented podzol Bhs-horizons. Surrounding and underneath the depression, extensive networks of tunnels and chambers were found in the B- and C-horizons. If archaeological artefacts had been present on the site, they would have become buried and moved to the top of the B-horizon. Any soil features would have been destroyed. Moreover, the extensive tunnel and chamber network extending from the depression would potentially affect the botanical record and the OSL signal of the deposits.\nComparison of our results with Mesolithic pit-hearth features shows substantial differences between the two types of remains. Ant nest depressions do not extend into (cemented) podzol B horizons, whereas Mesolithic pit hearths typically have their base in the C horizons. The extensive tunnelling in B- and C-horizons of large ant nests has not been observed in Mesolithic pit-hearth features. On the other hand, the large amount of charred humus and charcoal fragments in Mesolithic pit hearths are lacking in the burned ant nest we studied. We therefore conclude that Mesolithic pit-hearth features are not the result of the burning down of ant nests, but should be regarded as anthropogenic features.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":117774974,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117774974/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Huisman_e.a._2024_Ants_nests.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/117774974/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Some_first_observations_on_ant_nest_morp.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/117774974/Huisman_e.a._2024_Ants_nests-libre.pdf?1724833574=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSome_first_observations_on_ant_nest_morp.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657067\u0026Signature=A6AnjoQ37Alb2Y59ahbyRuV2vtCr-hq4oAST6XitGWFIPWlqP50fS7h5-3Pctq8Pdarxu2LdpeDo3qKVj-GEIlUxVGcgu-HAoW-gqGTxzMmKat2Z1om~5L~UMgDhps5BgiWxpG847B~wcJY-kRaR4zZGfqp-mMtNJFeg-U6UbBYLgC7tlLgtVj7y0HwQtQhJpHVI~KbYiJ4k2R52OuqfbbZ9TX2bj~zjprh9phuC4vk5mBWLOHbuSfpNZA28kUU4I86w3Q7o~BLzgbmM542BwwyQ6pMV7RsZHtbNW2NZpKuTrrAAcmbmAIhRPeEnsHPnqo5yyS773GZEmKxiyNLsIQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1706,"name":"Geoarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geoarchaeology"},{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":7325,"name":"Archaeological Soil Micromorphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Soil_Micromorphology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-123314466-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="119284698"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/119284698/Early_Holocene_inundation_of_Doggerland_and_its_impact_on_hunter_gatherers_An_inundation_model_and_dates_as_data_approach"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Early Holocene inundation of Doggerland and its impact on hunter-gatherers: An inundation model and dates-as-data approach" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/114690470/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/119284698/Early_Holocene_inundation_of_Doggerland_and_its_impact_on_hunter_gatherers_An_inundation_model_and_dates_as_data_approach">Early Holocene inundation of Doggerland and its impact on hunter-gatherers: An inundation model and dates-as-data approach</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uu.academia.edu/KimCohen">Kim M Cohen</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/PirHoebe">Pir W Hoebe</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Quaternary International</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Sea-level rise was a key factor changing environments during the Early Holocene in Northwest Euro...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Sea-level rise was a key factor changing environments during the Early Holocene in Northwest Europe. It affected Mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities by inundating large areas in the current North Sea, commonly referred to as Doggerland. In this paper we present novel inundation models for the southern North Sea providing visualisations of lateral inundation driven by sea-level rise and relate it to frequency analysis of radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites. These improve on previous studies that relied on bathymetric data, which includes post-inundation overprints of Holocene sedimentation and erosion, and thus significantly underestimates the timing of inundation in some areas. We constructed a paleoDEM (a composite elevation grid of the top of the Pleistocene) for the eastern part of the southern North Sea; and sea level surfaces that combine relative sea-level curves from glacio-isostatic adjustment models optimised for Britain and southern Scandinavia respectively. We corrected our paleoDEMs for tectonic background basin subsidence, and in the inundation modelling account for pre-compaction elevation of peat in coastal areas. We evaluated the impact of these model components on our results and describe the possible inundation history of Doggerland. We suggest earlier inundation than predicted by previous models, showing significant area loss around 10.5-10 ka cal BP. Palaeogeographic changes are compared with archaeological radiocarbon data using a dates-as-data approach. Composite Kernel Density Estimate and permutation tested Summed Probability Distributions are used as a proxy for the visibility, nature and intensity of human activity. Results indicate key periods of growth and decline recorded in the dataset, as well as regional differences in growth rate, some correlating with inundation phases. Chiefly, we find elevated growth rates around 10.5-10 ka in northwest Germany and the Netherlands, contemporaneous with the abovementioned phase of extensive area loss, and moreover, with changes in culture and practices on Early Mesolithic sites. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of archaeological data is significantly influenced by accessibility and preservation of sediments of a certain age. We discuss the importance of inundation modelling and sediment data in understanding how landscape taphonomy affects archaeological patterning, especially in dates-as-data approaches.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f7731209f323b936adf02fed8eac7fca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":114690470,"asset_id":119284698,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/114690470/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="119284698"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="119284698"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119284698; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=119284698]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=119284698]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 119284698; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='119284698']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f7731209f323b936adf02fed8eac7fca" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=119284698]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":119284698,"title":"Early Holocene inundation of Doggerland and its impact on hunter-gatherers: An inundation model and dates-as-data approach","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.05.006","abstract":"Sea-level rise was a key factor changing environments during the Early Holocene in Northwest Europe. It affected Mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities by inundating large areas in the current North Sea, commonly referred to as Doggerland. In this paper we present novel inundation models for the southern North Sea providing visualisations of lateral inundation driven by sea-level rise and relate it to frequency analysis of radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites. These improve on previous studies that relied on bathymetric data, which includes post-inundation overprints of Holocene sedimentation and erosion, and thus significantly underestimates the timing of inundation in some areas. We constructed a paleoDEM (a composite elevation grid of the top of the Pleistocene) for the eastern part of the southern North Sea; and sea level surfaces that combine relative sea-level curves from glacio-isostatic adjustment models optimised for Britain and southern Scandinavia respectively. We corrected our paleoDEMs for tectonic background basin subsidence, and in the inundation modelling account for pre-compaction elevation of peat in coastal areas. We evaluated the impact of these model components on our results and describe the possible inundation history of Doggerland. We suggest earlier inundation than predicted by previous models, showing significant area loss around 10.5-10 ka cal BP. Palaeogeographic changes are compared with archaeological radiocarbon data using a dates-as-data approach. Composite Kernel Density Estimate and permutation tested Summed Probability Distributions are used as a proxy for the visibility, nature and intensity of human activity. Results indicate key periods of growth and decline recorded in the dataset, as well as regional differences in growth rate, some correlating with inundation phases. Chiefly, we find elevated growth rates around 10.5-10 ka in northwest Germany and the Netherlands, contemporaneous with the abovementioned phase of extensive area loss, and moreover, with changes in culture and practices on Early Mesolithic sites. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of archaeological data is significantly influenced by accessibility and preservation of sediments of a certain age. We discuss the importance of inundation modelling and sediment data in understanding how landscape taphonomy affects archaeological patterning, especially in dates-as-data approaches.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2024,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Quaternary International"},"translated_abstract":"Sea-level rise was a key factor changing environments during the Early Holocene in Northwest Europe. It affected Mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities by inundating large areas in the current North Sea, commonly referred to as Doggerland. In this paper we present novel inundation models for the southern North Sea providing visualisations of lateral inundation driven by sea-level rise and relate it to frequency analysis of radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites. These improve on previous studies that relied on bathymetric data, which includes post-inundation overprints of Holocene sedimentation and erosion, and thus significantly underestimates the timing of inundation in some areas. We constructed a paleoDEM (a composite elevation grid of the top of the Pleistocene) for the eastern part of the southern North Sea; and sea level surfaces that combine relative sea-level curves from glacio-isostatic adjustment models optimised for Britain and southern Scandinavia respectively. We corrected our paleoDEMs for tectonic background basin subsidence, and in the inundation modelling account for pre-compaction elevation of peat in coastal areas. We evaluated the impact of these model components on our results and describe the possible inundation history of Doggerland. We suggest earlier inundation than predicted by previous models, showing significant area loss around 10.5-10 ka cal BP. Palaeogeographic changes are compared with archaeological radiocarbon data using a dates-as-data approach. Composite Kernel Density Estimate and permutation tested Summed Probability Distributions are used as a proxy for the visibility, nature and intensity of human activity. Results indicate key periods of growth and decline recorded in the dataset, as well as regional differences in growth rate, some correlating with inundation phases. Chiefly, we find elevated growth rates around 10.5-10 ka in northwest Germany and the Netherlands, contemporaneous with the abovementioned phase of extensive area loss, and moreover, with changes in culture and practices on Early Mesolithic sites. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of archaeological data is significantly influenced by accessibility and preservation of sediments of a certain age. We discuss the importance of inundation modelling and sediment data in understanding how landscape taphonomy affects archaeological patterning, especially in dates-as-data approaches.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/119284698/Early_Holocene_inundation_of_Doggerland_and_its_impact_on_hunter_gatherers_An_inundation_model_and_dates_as_data_approach","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-18T05:18:37.743-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":41704877,"work_id":119284698,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":294245125,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"p***e@rug.nl","display_order":1,"name":"P. 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It affected Mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities by inundating large areas in the current North Sea, commonly referred to as Doggerland. In this paper we present novel inundation models for the southern North Sea providing visualisations of lateral inundation driven by sea-level rise and relate it to frequency analysis of radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites. These improve on previous studies that relied on bathymetric data, which includes post-inundation overprints of Holocene sedimentation and erosion, and thus significantly underestimates the timing of inundation in some areas. We constructed a paleoDEM (a composite elevation grid of the top of the Pleistocene) for the eastern part of the southern North Sea; and sea level surfaces that combine relative sea-level curves from glacio-isostatic adjustment models optimised for Britain and southern Scandinavia respectively. We corrected our paleoDEMs for tectonic background basin subsidence, and in the inundation modelling account for pre-compaction elevation of peat in coastal areas. We evaluated the impact of these model components on our results and describe the possible inundation history of Doggerland. We suggest earlier inundation than predicted by previous models, showing significant area loss around 10.5-10 ka cal BP. Palaeogeographic changes are compared with archaeological radiocarbon data using a dates-as-data approach. Composite Kernel Density Estimate and permutation tested Summed Probability Distributions are used as a proxy for the visibility, nature and intensity of human activity. Results indicate key periods of growth and decline recorded in the dataset, as well as regional differences in growth rate, some correlating with inundation phases. Chiefly, we find elevated growth rates around 10.5-10 ka in northwest Germany and the Netherlands, contemporaneous with the abovementioned phase of extensive area loss, and moreover, with changes in culture and practices on Early Mesolithic sites. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of archaeological data is significantly influenced by accessibility and preservation of sediments of a certain age. We discuss the importance of inundation modelling and sediment data in understanding how landscape taphonomy affects archaeological patterning, especially in dates-as-data approaches.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":114690470,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/114690470/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Hoebe_et_al_2024_Inundation_Doggerland.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/114690470/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Early_Holocene_inundation_of_Doggerland.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/114690470/Hoebe_et_al_2024_Inundation_Doggerland-libre.pdf?1716038121=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEarly_Holocene_inundation_of_Doggerland.pdf\u0026Expires=1743607656\u0026Signature=cQ3NBnyfHuo3U8qKGnlouS06EQda4RSqirdoIdV29TEaKrGLaLMnOzUuXKAMiwgBbkP~P8VQ5TyvhknuffFCnsGrDeepio2qFvd55xR00q-evfndGgKFFHqHKiWQ5Z4RcMz9enCkwaNxz8mraqFBjGrXy2-ZH7rdrxs7XCYPECGImzhMBDC0A70wjAYaV~6dC1cpmIr9vFZ~xq74Y3aKoGkNZT6vE9JkUyPS2PcqeIkNCyz342UUCWlok90bUqNAF3R7RMLUiXoClApa9xcAk~zroLxTxRovpb4q3WnTss3w8w2au2XaWYEiQqCiJb~QykStYKUX2R4S~jpKGptpMQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":32163,"name":"Holocene sea level change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocene_sea_level_change"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"},{"id":62849,"name":"Submerged landscapes and settlements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_landscapes_and_settlements"},{"id":112668,"name":"Radiocarbon Dating (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiocarbon_Dating_Archaeology_"},{"id":291062,"name":"Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_Prehistoric_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-119284698-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="109446268"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/109446268/Reply_to_Vermeersch_comment_on_Parsing_prehistoric_patterns"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reply to Vermeersch comment on Parsing prehistoric patterns" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107569158/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109446268/Reply_to_Vermeersch_comment_on_Parsing_prehistoric_patterns">Reply to Vermeersch comment on Parsing prehistoric patterns</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HoebeP">P. Hoebe</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a reply to Pierre Vermeersch's comment on Hoebe et al. 2023 Parsing Prehistoric Patterns.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ef867295ffad1c71d5b2f70ce3b625c1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":107569158,"asset_id":109446268,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/107569158/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109446268"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109446268"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109446268; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109446268]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109446268]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109446268; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109446268']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ef867295ffad1c71d5b2f70ce3b625c1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109446268]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109446268,"title":"Reply to Vermeersch comment on Parsing prehistoric patterns","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2023.104229","abstract":"This is a reply to Pierre Vermeersch's comment on Hoebe et al. 2023 Parsing Prehistoric Patterns.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports"},"translated_abstract":"This is a reply to Pierre Vermeersch's comment on Hoebe et al. 2023 Parsing Prehistoric Patterns.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109446268/Reply_to_Vermeersch_comment_on_Parsing_prehistoric_patterns","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-11-20T02:31:42.797-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":40559290,"work_id":109446268,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":294245125,"co_author_invite_id":7794029,"email":"p***e@rug.nl","display_order":1,"name":"P. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-109446268-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="101369597"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/101369597/Crosstown_Traffic"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Crosstown Traffic" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101930114/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/101369597/Crosstown_Traffic">Crosstown Traffic</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Stone Age Borderland Experience</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Migration is definitely back on the agenda, but so far archaeological contextualisations have lag...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Migration is definitely back on the agenda, but so far archaeological contextualisations have lagged behind the accumulation of archaeogenetic data, leading to relatively simple ‘either/or’-scenarios. From the perspective of diversity in social interaction between ‘receiving’ and ‘incoming’ (groups of) individuals, we explore three different situations in which migration played a role in the uptake of the Neolithic in order to tease out the social processes and complexities hidden under the blanket term ‘migration’. In the case of the Linearbandkeramik (LBK), potentials for forager-farmer interaction differed strongly between<br />earlier and later phases and across regions, a pattern connected to changing landscape use and mobility regimes within the LBK, as well as the changing utilisation of material culture in identity creation. In the Low Countries, it is much harder to draw a definite line between foragers and farmers based on mobility or environmental impact, and foragers had been used to dealing with population movements. There is thus far less difference between the actors, and a concomitantly greater involvement<br />of both in shaping the Neolithic. In contrast, in southern Scandinavia and northern Germany there is the perennial question of whether the ‘complex’ Ertebølle hunter-gatherers eventually fell for the lures of Neolithic luxury goods, or should be credited in resisting long enough to drive a Neolithisation on their own terms. However, societies here are more internally diverse than is generally appreciated, pointing to different interaction mechanisms inland and on the coast. Overall, several interaction scenarios succeed each other in time and/or space, in each of our regions. This paper hence also calls for maintaining an archaeological<br />style of enquiry that allows for indeterminacy and open-endedness in the study of human interactions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-101369597-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-101369597-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218869/figure-1-crosstown-traffic"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218872/figure-1-various-boundary-models-can-be-defined-in"><img alt="Fig. 1 Various boundary models can be defined in connection to territoriality and interaction (after WuHiTLEy 2010). Crisp bound- aries refer to explicit territories, maintained and protected by various groups. The fuzzy interface model refers to a situation where territories can partially overlap, but are acknowledged by the groups. As such, the overlap area consists of ‘communal’ ground, and ‘belongs’ to both groups. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218887/figure-2-schematic-representation-of-acculturation-models-cf"><img alt="Fig. 2 Schematic representation of acculturation models (cf. Berry 1997) and related tendencies of social appreciation and interactive attitudes. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218893/figure-3-simplified-map-of-the-spread-of-agriculture-in"><img alt="Fig.3 Simplified map of the spread of agriculture in western Eurasia . The Linearbandkeramik is shown in green (image by D. GRonen- BorN/B. Horeus/M. Borner/M. Oper 2019 [RGZM/OREA], Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218897/figure-4-map-of-sites-mentioned-in-the-text-neustadt"><img alt="Fig. 4 Map of sites mentioned in the text. 1 Neustadt; 2 Schlamersdorf; 3 Kayhude; 4 Boberg; 5 Ltoniowa; 6 Harting; 7 Marktbergel: 8 Vaihingen; 9 Herxheim; 10 Blatterhdhle; 11 Arnoldsweiler; 12 Cuiry-lés-Chaudardes; 13 Epse-Olthof; 14 Kampen-Reevediep / Hanzelijn- Hattemerbroek; 15 Dronten-N23; 16 Swifterbant; 17 Hoge Vaart-A27; 18 Baarn-Drie Eiken; 19 Soest-Staringlaan; 20 Hardinxveld-Giessen- dam; 21 Howick; 22 East Barns; 23 Mount Sandel. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218901/figure-5-merzbach-valley-number-of-yards-on-sites-in-the"><img alt="Fig.5 Merzbach valley: Number of yards on sites in the middle Merzbach valley in phases V, VIII and XII. Location of houses is sche- matic. LW = Langweiler; LB = Laurenzberg; NM = Niedermerz (after data and base map in STEHLI 1994, with corrections by MUNcH 2009). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218920/figure-6-the-la-hoguette-vessel-from-choisey-this-site-lies"><img alt="Fig.6 The La Hoguette vessel from Choisey. This site lies outside the LBK distribution, but similar vessels have been found throughout the La Hoguette area (after PeTReauin et al. 2009, fig. 3; reproduced with kind permission of P. Pétrequin). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218948/figure-7-distribution-of-la-hoguette-sherds-around-houses-in"><img alt="Fig. 7 Distribution of La Hoguette sherds around houses in Bruchenbrticken (after MALETScHEK 2010, 91 fig. 11). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218952/figure-8-regional-scale-but-even-when-swapping-from-one"><img alt="regional scale.> But even when ‘swapping’ from one place to another, the repetitive occurrence of burning events suggests that hunter-gatherers did influence the environment on a structural basis. In fact, the small scale at which this appears to have occurred is not that different from what we see for wetland horticultural practices in the Neolithic Swifterbant culture. Palynological evidence for cereal cultivation is sparse (BAKKER 2003; Out 2009; TALEBI et al. 2019), despite the fact that emmer and naked barley appear to have been cultivated on a regular basis on clayey levees in the Netherlands, as shown by the presence of charred grains at the majority of Swifterbant sites (CAPPERS / RAEMAEKERS 2008), and indeed the fields themselves (Fig. 8; cf. HUISMAN/ RAEMAEKERS 2014).° Apparently, the palynological signal is diffuse and lo- calised, suggesting repetitive, but rather short-lived cultivation on small plots - ‘events’ on the archaeologi- " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218965/figure-10-crosstown-traffic"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218975/figure-10-typically-the-occurrence-of-isolated-neolithic"><img alt="Typically, the occurrence of isolated ‘Neolithic artefacts’ at ‘Mesolithic sites’ - notably at Hardinxveld- Giessendam De Bruin, Swifterbant, and a range of Mesolithic sites with containing incidental ‘Michels- berg items’ — is easily interpreted in terms of contact between Neolithic farmers and hunter-gatherers (VER- HART 2000; LouwE Kooymans 2001). Isolated ‘Meso- ithic artefacts’ at ‘Neolithic sites’, however, are mostly interpreted as background noise, merely representing scraps of earlier occupations. Why could such finds, both on Mesolithic and Neolithic sites (Fig. 10), not echo established social relationships, which might very well have developed variable forms of cultural coexistence? Typically, the occurrence of isolated ‘Neolithic " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41218988/figure-11-illustration-of-different-settlement-models"><img alt="Fig. 11 Illustration of different settlement models. ANDERSEN (1994/1995; 1995) and FiscHer (2003) argue for more or less permanent settle- ment base camps along the coastlines which are complemented by functional (seasonal) resource extraction camps in the interior and hin- terlands (illustration on the bottom). This model applies mainly to the Danish coastlines. JoHANSEN (2006) favours a model of cyclical rotation between different settlement localities which can be used repeatedly over several years (illustration on the top). In the case of Schleswig- Holstein, this explanation seems reasonable, but it remains unclear if there were solely inland based settlement systems of this type as well. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/101930114/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41219002/figure-12-this-map-depicts-all-known-and-suspected-sites-and"><img alt="Fig.12 This map depicts all known (and suspected) sites and single finds of Ertebglle character in Schleswig-Holstein (data provided by the Archaeological Museum of Schleswig-Holstein/ Schloss Gottorf). The density of find spots in eastern Schleswig-Holstein is in stark contrast to the western regions, from which there is only little evidence for a Late Mesolithic occupation. Additionally, there are surpris- ingly many sites in the eastern interior and hinterland where finds cluster along the (former) lake and river systems. 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From the perspective of diversity in social interaction between ‘receiving’ and ‘incoming’ (groups of) individuals, we explore three different situations in which migration played a role in the uptake of the Neolithic in order to tease out the social processes and complexities hidden under the blanket term ‘migration’. In the case of the Linearbandkeramik (LBK), potentials for forager-farmer interaction differed strongly between\nearlier and later phases and across regions, a pattern connected to changing landscape use and mobility regimes within the LBK, as well as the changing utilisation of material culture in identity creation. In the Low Countries, it is much harder to draw a definite line between foragers and farmers based on mobility or environmental impact, and foragers had been used to dealing with population movements. There is thus far less difference between the actors, and a concomitantly greater involvement\nof both in shaping the Neolithic. In contrast, in southern Scandinavia and northern Germany there is the perennial question of whether the ‘complex’ Ertebølle hunter-gatherers eventually fell for the lures of Neolithic luxury goods, or should be credited in resisting long enough to drive a Neolithisation on their own terms. However, societies here are more internally diverse than is generally appreciated, pointing to different interaction mechanisms inland and on the coast. Overall, several interaction scenarios succeed each other in time and/or space, in each of our regions. This paper hence also calls for maintaining an archaeological\nstyle of enquiry that allows for indeterminacy and open-endedness in the study of human interactions.","ai_title_tag":"Migration and Social Interaction in Neolithic Contexts","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Stone Age Borderland Experience"},"translated_abstract":"Migration is definitely back on the agenda, but so far archaeological contextualisations have lagged behind the accumulation of archaeogenetic data, leading to relatively simple ‘either/or’-scenarios. From the perspective of diversity in social interaction between ‘receiving’ and ‘incoming’ (groups of) individuals, we explore three different situations in which migration played a role in the uptake of the Neolithic in order to tease out the social processes and complexities hidden under the blanket term ‘migration’. In the case of the Linearbandkeramik (LBK), potentials for forager-farmer interaction differed strongly between\nearlier and later phases and across regions, a pattern connected to changing landscape use and mobility regimes within the LBK, as well as the changing utilisation of material culture in identity creation. In the Low Countries, it is much harder to draw a definite line between foragers and farmers based on mobility or environmental impact, and foragers had been used to dealing with population movements. There is thus far less difference between the actors, and a concomitantly greater involvement\nof both in shaping the Neolithic. In contrast, in southern Scandinavia and northern Germany there is the perennial question of whether the ‘complex’ Ertebølle hunter-gatherers eventually fell for the lures of Neolithic luxury goods, or should be credited in resisting long enough to drive a Neolithisation on their own terms. However, societies here are more internally diverse than is generally appreciated, pointing to different interaction mechanisms inland and on the coast. Overall, several interaction scenarios succeed each other in time and/or space, in each of our regions. This paper hence also calls for maintaining an archaeological\nstyle of enquiry that allows for indeterminacy and open-endedness in the study of human interactions.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101369597/Crosstown_Traffic","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-05-07T01:19:40.259-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":39835911,"work_id":101369597,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":402635,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"D***n@uib.no","affiliation":"University of Bergen","display_order":1,"name":"Daniela Hofmann","title":"Crosstown Traffic"},{"id":39835912,"work_id":101369597,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":29799871,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"A***8@aol.com","affiliation":"University of Hamburg","display_order":2,"name":"Ann-Katrin Meyer","title":"Crosstown Traffic"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":101930114,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101930114/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Hofmann_ea_Crosstown_Traffic.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101930114/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Crosstown_Traffic.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101930114/Hofmann_ea_Crosstown_Traffic-libre.pdf?1683454329=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCrosstown_Traffic.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720212\u0026Signature=aEjbNjzg11VN7V2U2we-uOW~1nCAp2KfVpnblFqgZzxrMdxD-674JKpfnw4hdhgL1HlvB-jqlX0nUF0btZTsIOqkclMIgFEX~mpN3QQrbxcytlWpVbKgl80e5I5zzn2eR4eLLsWII6LHWBa0UDHBjP8Jv5KeN406XPnmUbHhT-pDF~9IzVYm1nWbfWU7elcrpSD4sw~CTXyjaeKHOdxFhaQ1jFKDbpEYh~EJGON9Rvb0GiO1XnxE8GJh0VWY5ePPSmeWq3SgzzwcPI8W0pEaJheI14gcGsq9mPIsKhsudOU7qphmDlowavIvl7Fg~jYYzBUlATliKL-asYgOHYLovA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Crosstown_Traffic","translated_slug":"","page_count":38,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Migration is definitely back on the agenda, but so far archaeological contextualisations have lagged behind the accumulation of archaeogenetic data, leading to relatively simple ‘either/or’-scenarios. From the perspective of diversity in social interaction between ‘receiving’ and ‘incoming’ (groups of) individuals, we explore three different situations in which migration played a role in the uptake of the Neolithic in order to tease out the social processes and complexities hidden under the blanket term ‘migration’. In the case of the Linearbandkeramik (LBK), potentials for forager-farmer interaction differed strongly between\nearlier and later phases and across regions, a pattern connected to changing landscape use and mobility regimes within the LBK, as well as the changing utilisation of material culture in identity creation. In the Low Countries, it is much harder to draw a definite line between foragers and farmers based on mobility or environmental impact, and foragers had been used to dealing with population movements. There is thus far less difference between the actors, and a concomitantly greater involvement\nof both in shaping the Neolithic. In contrast, in southern Scandinavia and northern Germany there is the perennial question of whether the ‘complex’ Ertebølle hunter-gatherers eventually fell for the lures of Neolithic luxury goods, or should be credited in resisting long enough to drive a Neolithisation on their own terms. However, societies here are more internally diverse than is generally appreciated, pointing to different interaction mechanisms inland and on the coast. Overall, several interaction scenarios succeed each other in time and/or space, in each of our regions. This paper hence also calls for maintaining an archaeological\nstyle of enquiry that allows for indeterminacy and open-endedness in the study of human interactions.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":101930114,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101930114/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Hofmann_ea_Crosstown_Traffic.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101930114/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Crosstown_Traffic.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101930114/Hofmann_ea_Crosstown_Traffic-libre.pdf?1683454329=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCrosstown_Traffic.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720212\u0026Signature=aEjbNjzg11VN7V2U2we-uOW~1nCAp2KfVpnblFqgZzxrMdxD-674JKpfnw4hdhgL1HlvB-jqlX0nUF0btZTsIOqkclMIgFEX~mpN3QQrbxcytlWpVbKgl80e5I5zzn2eR4eLLsWII6LHWBa0UDHBjP8Jv5KeN406XPnmUbHhT-pDF~9IzVYm1nWbfWU7elcrpSD4sw~CTXyjaeKHOdxFhaQ1jFKDbpEYh~EJGON9Rvb0GiO1XnxE8GJh0VWY5ePPSmeWq3SgzzwcPI8W0pEaJheI14gcGsq9mPIsKhsudOU7qphmDlowavIvl7Fg~jYYzBUlATliKL-asYgOHYLovA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":20453,"name":"Culture Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture_Change"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-101369597-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="98506222"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/98506222/Parsing_prehistoric_patterns_Prospects_and_limitations_of_a_big_radiocarbon_dataset_for_understanding_the_impact_of_climate_on_Late_Palaeolithic_and_Mesolithic_populations_in_northwest_Europe_16_7_5_ka_calBP"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Parsing prehistoric patterns: Prospects and limitations of a big radiocarbon dataset for understanding the impact of climate on Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic populations in northwest Europe (16-7.5 ka calBP" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/99838312/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/98506222/Parsing_prehistoric_patterns_Prospects_and_limitations_of_a_big_radiocarbon_dataset_for_understanding_the_impact_of_climate_on_Late_Palaeolithic_and_Mesolithic_populations_in_northwest_Europe_16_7_5_ka_calBP">Parsing prehistoric patterns: Prospects and limitations of a big radiocarbon dataset for understanding the impact of climate on Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic populations in northwest Europe (16-7.5 ka calBP</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/PirHoebe">Pir W Hoebe</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Hunter-gatherer populations in northwest Europe were variably affected by Late Glacial and Early ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Hunter-gatherer populations in northwest Europe were variably affected by Late Glacial and Early Holocene climate fluctuations and their effects on sea level and the environment. We investigate the impact of these fluctuations with a dates-as-data approach to a large radiocarbon dataset. Radiocarbon dates are used as a proxy for past human activity, the intensity, nature and archaeological visibility of which will indirectly influence date density. The significance of changes is explored using Kernel Density Estimates and model tested Summed Probability Distributions. Whereas previous studies have focused on smaller highly curated datasets to minimise research and preservation biases, our more inclusive approach maximises sample size, which is essential for these methods to reliably reflect underlying patterns. To deal with biases, we test subsets of the dataset that are potentially affected by differences in formation processes. The summed radiocarbon dataset follows the general fluctuations of climate conditions, showing increased activity in temperate periods and decreased activity during cold phases. Our results indicate significant periods of interest where the data deviates positively or negatively from our models. Notably we observe the impact of the Younger Dryas, Preboreal Oscillation and the 8.2 ka event on the density of hunter-gatherer activity. Additionally we see peaks in activity in our dataset during the Early and Late Boreal. Permutation testing of different regions in the research area shows these patterns are geographically differentiated. Our exploration of biasing factors indicates that we should be careful to interpret the abovementioned patterns, as different sampling processes and national policies may lie at the basis of several patterns. Furthermore, calibration artefacts may also cause issues at key parts of the timeline. Dates-as-data approaches require an understanding of the archaeology, the timing of external events, the impact of the calibration curve and how biases inherent to the dataset and research area may have influenced the formation of patterns in the result.<br /><br />Supplementary material is available from the journal website</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-98506222-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-98506222-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40520877/figure-1-steps-in-the-formation-of-the-archaeological"><img alt="Fig. 1. Steps in the formation of the archaeological radiocarbon record. With each step in the flowchart the amount of information is decreased by certain filters (dark grey). The left column shows filters that influence the formation of the potential archaeological record, the right column shows filters that influence the archaeological radiocarbon record. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40520891/figure-2-parsing-prehistoric-patterns-prospects-and"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40520909/figure-3-the-datasets-distribution-of-summed-probability"><img alt="Fig. 3. The dataset’s distribution of summed probability (n = 5415) compared to the NGRIP d'80 data climate chronozones and cold phases (a). The effect of binning on the SPD is shown (b) at different bin sizes (50, 100, 200 and 500 years) with the chosen bin size (100 years) and their medians (barcode plot). The binned SPD is shown (c) with normalisation (orange) and without (black), compared with the rescaled Intcal20 calibration curve to show the alignment of peaks and steep portions of the curve. The KDE (d) was made with 500 simulations and a bandwidth of 50 years. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40520921/figure-4-the-alignment-of-modes-in-the-bimodal-distributions"><img alt="Fig. 4. The alignment of modes in the bimodal distributions of the standardized and fitted NGRIP 5'8O data (Temperature proxy, green) with the Summed Prob- ability data (black) supports a strong correlation between the two. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40520939/figure-5-comparison-of-the-spd-with-the-exponential-and"><img alt="Fig. 5. Comparison of the SPD (n = 5415) with the exponential and climate-based model tests (500 simulations). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40520957/figure-6-landscape-zones-in-the-dataset-defined-by-elevation"><img alt="Fig. 6. Landscape zones in the dataset defined by elevation above ordinance level (current sea level). Low: <=10 m above OL, Middle: between 10 and 50 m abo OL, high: >50 m above OL. Throughout the Early Boreal (starting ca. 10.7 ka calBP) prevalence of activity shifts towards the lower landscape zone. Surrounding the 10.3 ka event, activity fluctuates in the middle and low landscape zones. The Early Boreal peak appears to shift from the middle (ca. 10.2—-9.8 ka calBP) to the low zone (9.8-9.5 ka calBP), while activity is significantly lower in the high zone (9.9-9.4 ka calBP). Similarly, the Late Boreal peak is prominent in the middle zone (9-8.6 ka calBP) followed by low zone activity increasing to above average levels later (8.6-8.4 ka calBP) while simultaneous activity in high zones is below average, dropping further at 8.6 ka calBP. These Boreal peaks might align with drowning Doggerland landscapes west of Belgium and north of the Netherlands (Sturt et al., 2013), but more detailed modelling is required to investi- gate the timing and extent of these inundations. Following the 8.2 ka event, activity rises in the low zones, fluctuates below average in the middle zone and stays below average in the higher zones. Late Meso- lithic sites in the Netherlands account for 70 % of the dates from the lower zone in this period (SI-8), indicating that research bias and changed accessibility of densely populated coastal contexts play a role Due to a combination of accessibility, preservation conditions of sediments and settlement history, data density is higher in the higher landscape zones (>50 m) during GS-2 and GI-1le. This is related to the prevalence of Late Magdalenian sites, which are most prominently found in caves and open air sites in this landscape zone (Pettitt and White, 2012; Maier, 2015). Activity in middle and lower zones is underrepre- sented during this time. The increase into average levels in these zones during GI-1 lines up with the expansion of Hamburgian (Grimm and " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40520969/figure-8-permutation-test-comparison-between-countries"><img alt="Fig. 8. Permutation test comparison between countries. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40520979/figure-7-permutation-test-of-the-defined-landscape-zones"><img alt="Fig. 7. Permutation test of the defined landscape zones. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40520993/figure-9-permutation-test-comparison-between-sample"><img alt="Fig. 9. Permutation test comparison between sample materials. has been suggested as evidence for migrations out of Doggerland (Waddington, 2015). In Belgium, the Early Boreal peak is also significant (10.2-9.7 ka calBP) and coincides with the appearance of sites with triangle microliths, which may be related to similar responses. Late Boreal activity is much lower in Belgium. In the Netherlands, the Early Boreal peak is absent, with density below average (10.7-9.9 ka calBP), but the Late Boreal peak is prominent and significant (9-8.4 ka calBP). In Germany, the first peak is also absent, but the data for the whole period after 10.3 ka calBP is below average, apart from the second peak which rises to the average value (9-8.7 ka calBP). In contrast, this period is significantly below average in Denmark (8.8-8.4 ka calBP). The timing of the second Boreal peak in these areas coincides with Middle Mesolithic changes in material culture, such as the appearance of surface retouched points (Crombé, 2019). As seen in 5.3.1, after the 8.2 k event, density increases in the Netherlands and Denmark, while Germany is below average. While past population movements out of Doggerland may explain some of these differences, preservation, accessibility and research focus probably play a considerable role. National differences For the Holocene, the Boreal peaks are clearly different on the na- tional scale. Both peaks are present in Britain, with the first peak significantly more pronounced (10.6-9.7 ka calBP). The appearance of narrow-blade microblade sites in the area between 10.4 and 9.5 ka calBP " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40521001/figure-10-geographic-distribution-of-the-dataset-by-sample"><img alt="Fig. 10. Geographic distribution of the dataset by sample material, presented in heatmaps. top left: bar chart of sample material frequency per country; top right: heatmap of full dataset; middle and bottom: heatmaps per material category. The most common sampled materials are animal remains (bone, antler, teeth), charcoal and plant remains. The preservation of each is dependent on the conditions of their context. Sample materials are also potentially biased in different ways, e.g. old wood effect for charcoal samples, and contamination by organic conservation materials for ani. mal remains. When these effects are multiplied in a large heterogeneous dataset, SPD patterns in periods with predominantly charcoal dates may skew older while patterns in periods with predominantly animal re mains may skew younger. Permutation testing highlights differences ir the use of sample materials for different periods (Fig. 9) and Kerne " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40521006/table-1-environmental-conditions-and-habitat-types-of"><img alt="Environmental conditions and habitat types of climate phases and expected corresponding human activity. O. Dryas = Older Dryas; E./M./L. Y. Dryas = Early, Middle and Late Younger Dryas. GS = Greenland Stadial; GI = Greenland Interstadial; EH = Early Holocene. T = temperature, E = biomass in the environment, K = carrying capacity; Conditions: ~ no change, - decrease, + increase, ++ large increase. Human activity references: 1: Maier (2015), 2: Pettitt and White (2012), 3: Grimm and Weber (2008), 4: Ballin (2017), 5: De Bie and Vermeersch (1998), 6: Vermeersch (2011), 7: Crombé et al. (2013a), 8: Weber et al. (2011), 9: Bos et al. (2018), 10: Street et al. (2019), 11: Robinson et al. (2013), 12: Cziesla (2015), 13: Waddington (2015), 14: Sgrensen et al. (2018), 15: Crombé (2019), 16: Conneller (2022). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40521015/table-2-parsing-prehistoric-patterns-prospects-and"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40521018/table-3-parsing-prehistoric-patterns-prospects-and"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40521022/table-4-parsing-prehistoric-patterns-prospects-and"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/99838312/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-98506222-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b1619d4495115784d94c1d1c0d31db99" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":99838312,"asset_id":98506222,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/99838312/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="98506222"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="98506222"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98506222; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98506222]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98506222]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98506222; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='98506222']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b1619d4495115784d94c1d1c0d31db99" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=98506222]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":98506222,"title":"Parsing prehistoric patterns: Prospects and limitations of a big radiocarbon dataset for understanding the impact of climate on Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic populations in northwest Europe (16-7.5 ka calBP","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2023.103944","abstract":"Hunter-gatherer populations in northwest Europe were variably affected by Late Glacial and Early Holocene climate fluctuations and their effects on sea level and the environment. We investigate the impact of these fluctuations with a dates-as-data approach to a large radiocarbon dataset. Radiocarbon dates are used as a proxy for past human activity, the intensity, nature and archaeological visibility of which will indirectly influence date density. The significance of changes is explored using Kernel Density Estimates and model tested Summed Probability Distributions. Whereas previous studies have focused on smaller highly curated datasets to minimise research and preservation biases, our more inclusive approach maximises sample size, which is essential for these methods to reliably reflect underlying patterns. To deal with biases, we test subsets of the dataset that are potentially affected by differences in formation processes. The summed radiocarbon dataset follows the general fluctuations of climate conditions, showing increased activity in temperate periods and decreased activity during cold phases. 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Our results indicate significant periods of interest where the data deviates positively or negatively from our models. Notably we observe the impact of the Younger Dryas, Preboreal Oscillation and the 8.2 ka event on the density of hunter-gatherer activity. Additionally we see peaks in activity in our dataset during the Early and Late Boreal. Permutation testing of different regions in the research area shows these patterns are geographically differentiated. Our exploration of biasing factors indicates that we should be careful to interpret the abovementioned patterns, as different sampling processes and national policies may lie at the basis of several patterns. Furthermore, calibration artefacts may also cause issues at key parts of the timeline. 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Due to the early appearance of domesticated animals in their faunal assemblage, they are also integral to the research of the emergence of animal husbandry in the region. This study focuses on the precise chronology of the sites, using radiocarbon dating and Bayesian modelling of both newly acquired and legacy radiocarbon dates. To mitigate the risk of erroneous dates, we dated the bone collagen of 26 herbivorous and one aquatic mammals from clear archaeological contexts and discovered that the most recent occupational phases at both sites are several centuries younger than previously thought. This is consistent with material evidence of lifestyle changes in the final phase at Hardinxveld-Giessendam de Bruin, which is now, according to our chronology, contemporaneous with the similar patterns produced in the region.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="36cb9921a1366564bcac7ff870037fdb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":97771506,"asset_id":95646057,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/97771506/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="95646057"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="95646057"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 95646057; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=95646057]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=95646057]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 95646057; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='95646057']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "36cb9921a1366564bcac7ff870037fdb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=95646057]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":95646057,"title":"High-resolution Bayesian chronology of the earliest evidence of domesticated animals in the Dutch wetlands (Hardinxveld-Giessendam archaeological sites","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0280619","abstract":"The archaeological sites of Hardinxveld-Giessendam de Bruin and Polderweg, situated in the Rhine-Meuse delta, are the best-preserved Mesolithic sites in the Netherlands. Due to the early appearance of domesticated animals in their faunal assemblage, they are also integral to the research of the emergence of animal husbandry in the region. This study focuses on the precise chronology of the sites, using radiocarbon dating and Bayesian modelling of both newly acquired and legacy radiocarbon dates. To mitigate the risk of erroneous dates, we dated the bone collagen of 26 herbivorous and one aquatic mammals from clear archaeological contexts and discovered that the most recent occupational phases at both sites are several centuries younger than previously thought. This is consistent with material evidence of lifestyle changes in the final phase at Hardinxveld-Giessendam de Bruin, which is now, according to our chronology, contemporaneous with the similar patterns produced in the region.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"PLOS ONE"},"translated_abstract":"The archaeological sites of Hardinxveld-Giessendam de Bruin and Polderweg, situated in the Rhine-Meuse delta, are the best-preserved Mesolithic sites in the Netherlands. Due to the early appearance of domesticated animals in their faunal assemblage, they are also integral to the research of the emergence of animal husbandry in the region. This study focuses on the precise chronology of the sites, using radiocarbon dating and Bayesian modelling of both newly acquired and legacy radiocarbon dates. To mitigate the risk of erroneous dates, we dated the bone collagen of 26 herbivorous and one aquatic mammals from clear archaeological contexts and discovered that the most recent occupational phases at both sites are several centuries younger than previously thought. This is consistent with material evidence of lifestyle changes in the final phase at Hardinxveld-Giessendam de Bruin, which is now, according to our chronology, contemporaneous with the similar patterns produced in the region.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/95646057/High_resolution_Bayesian_chronology_of_the_earliest_evidence_of_domesticated_animals_in_the_Dutch_wetlands_Hardinxveld_Giessendam_archaeological_sites","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-01-24T23:24:45.001-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":39406561,"work_id":95646057,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":198211297,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***j@rug.nl","display_order":-4,"name":"M. Dreshaj","title":"High-resolution Bayesian chronology of the earliest evidence of domesticated animals in the Dutch wetlands (Hardinxveld-Giessendam archaeological sites"},{"id":39406562,"work_id":95646057,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":298,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"M***e@rug.nl","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":-3,"name":"Michael W Dee","title":"High-resolution Bayesian chronology of the earliest evidence of domesticated animals in the Dutch wetlands (Hardinxveld-Giessendam archaeological sites"},{"id":39406564,"work_id":95646057,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":2129288,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***s@rug.nl","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":-1,"name":"Daan Raemaekers","title":"High-resolution Bayesian chronology of the earliest evidence of domesticated animals in the Dutch wetlands (Hardinxveld-Giessendam archaeological sites"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":97771506,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/97771506/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PLOS_ONE_Dreshaj_et_al_Hardinxveld.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/97771506/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_resolution_Bayesian_chronology_of_t.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/97771506/PLOS_ONE_Dreshaj_et_al_Hardinxveld-libre.pdf?1674636521=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_resolution_Bayesian_chronology_of_t.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720212\u0026Signature=PCUQNDbNZd2Bt16wnybF1FlyTqurBXdD0pz-Q~v1rAlGCAL5ZyF-zacxo5GCbM5mwVVYLanIt~v3PvITjsIsR2SIQPvTscNPfvJ7uE1imwiKN-2fsy769P55xR7Hp-Q4NlBf4lCvW93AacbvYUhmH2JMQBgJyAOictDCG8b1v8FH3ufKUHmFZjHaN8yhNeEYraHy8LT8WR9moBbKpP-05zi3~NoF2BfBLvMAAVnfgEm7DP1hKyc1ip-L-McWNIY31zD5w5zaUnQXoOXljZmnFxtJgqexm-WSiIapWBROaaK18ueta1IFMUUTHGyMDudux9w4hLmkL6IIwqU2ogvXqA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"High_resolution_Bayesian_chronology_of_the_earliest_evidence_of_domesticated_animals_in_the_Dutch_wetlands_Hardinxveld_Giessendam_archaeological_sites","translated_slug":"","page_count":75,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The archaeological sites of Hardinxveld-Giessendam de Bruin and Polderweg, situated in the Rhine-Meuse delta, are the best-preserved Mesolithic sites in the Netherlands. Due to the early appearance of domesticated animals in their faunal assemblage, they are also integral to the research of the emergence of animal husbandry in the region. This study focuses on the precise chronology of the sites, using radiocarbon dating and Bayesian modelling of both newly acquired and legacy radiocarbon dates. To mitigate the risk of erroneous dates, we dated the bone collagen of 26 herbivorous and one aquatic mammals from clear archaeological contexts and discovered that the most recent occupational phases at both sites are several centuries younger than previously thought. This is consistent with material evidence of lifestyle changes in the final phase at Hardinxveld-Giessendam de Bruin, which is now, according to our chronology, contemporaneous with the similar patterns produced in the region.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":97771506,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/97771506/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PLOS_ONE_Dreshaj_et_al_Hardinxveld.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/97771506/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_resolution_Bayesian_chronology_of_t.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/97771506/PLOS_ONE_Dreshaj_et_al_Hardinxveld-libre.pdf?1674636521=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_resolution_Bayesian_chronology_of_t.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720212\u0026Signature=PCUQNDbNZd2Bt16wnybF1FlyTqurBXdD0pz-Q~v1rAlGCAL5ZyF-zacxo5GCbM5mwVVYLanIt~v3PvITjsIsR2SIQPvTscNPfvJ7uE1imwiKN-2fsy769P55xR7Hp-Q4NlBf4lCvW93AacbvYUhmH2JMQBgJyAOictDCG8b1v8FH3ufKUHmFZjHaN8yhNeEYraHy8LT8WR9moBbKpP-05zi3~NoF2BfBLvMAAVnfgEm7DP1hKyc1ip-L-McWNIY31zD5w5zaUnQXoOXljZmnFxtJgqexm-WSiIapWBROaaK18ueta1IFMUUTHGyMDudux9w4hLmkL6IIwqU2ogvXqA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":19758,"name":"Radiocarbon Dating (Earth Sciences)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiocarbon_Dating_Earth_Sciences_"},{"id":26086,"name":"Neolithic Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Europe"},{"id":28226,"name":"Bayesian Radiocarbon Dating","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bayesian_Radiocarbon_Dating"},{"id":37881,"name":"Animal Husbandry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Husbandry"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-95646057-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85339774"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85339774/Blind_Dates_exploring_uncertainty_in_the_radiocarbon_evidence_on_the_emergence_of_animal_husbandry_in_the_Dutch_wetlands"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Blind Dates: exploring uncertainty in the radiocarbon evidence on the emergence of animal husbandry in the Dutch wetlands" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90065884/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85339774/Blind_Dates_exploring_uncertainty_in_the_radiocarbon_evidence_on_the_emergence_of_animal_husbandry_in_the_Dutch_wetlands">Blind Dates: exploring uncertainty in the radiocarbon evidence on the emergence of animal husbandry in the Dutch wetlands</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The emergence of animal husbandry in the Netherlands remains the subject of much speculation. Cha...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The emergence of animal husbandry in the Netherlands remains the subject of much speculation. Challenges in identifying domesticated animals among the faunal remains, inconsistent excavation documentation, and flawed radiocarbon analysis have resulted in questionable chronologies. This paper examines the available radiocarbon evidence from selected sites which are the mainstay of early examples of domesticated animals in the Netherlands, between 5000 and 4000 BCE. 1 We approach the legacy data in two ways: by employing principles of chronometric hygiene to reassess the radiocarbon datasets of selected sites and by exploring the use of such data for future studies in chronology by means of Bayesian chronological modelling. The latter is demonstrated with a case study, whereby we employ legacy data from Hardinxveld-Giessendam De Bruin in Bayesian models to demonstrate that, despite their shortcomings, such dates remain a valuable resource for much needed future chronological analysis.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c4ec26159cdb879cf31446455c31d068" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90065884,"asset_id":85339774,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90065884/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85339774"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85339774"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85339774; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85339774]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85339774]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85339774; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85339774']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c4ec26159cdb879cf31446455c31d068" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85339774]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85339774,"title":"Blind Dates: exploring uncertainty in the radiocarbon evidence on the emergence of animal husbandry in the Dutch wetlands","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2022.103589","abstract":"The emergence of animal husbandry in the Netherlands remains the subject of much speculation. Challenges in identifying domesticated animals among the faunal remains, inconsistent excavation documentation, and flawed radiocarbon analysis have resulted in questionable chronologies. This paper examines the available radiocarbon evidence from selected sites which are the mainstay of early examples of domesticated animals in the Netherlands, between 5000 and 4000 BCE. 1 We approach the legacy data in two ways: by employing principles of chronometric hygiene to reassess the radiocarbon datasets of selected sites and by exploring the use of such data for future studies in chronology by means of Bayesian chronological modelling. The latter is demonstrated with a case study, whereby we employ legacy data from Hardinxveld-Giessendam De Bruin in Bayesian models to demonstrate that, despite their shortcomings, such dates remain a valuable resource for much needed future chronological analysis.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports"},"translated_abstract":"The emergence of animal husbandry in the Netherlands remains the subject of much speculation. Challenges in identifying domesticated animals among the faunal remains, inconsistent excavation documentation, and flawed radiocarbon analysis have resulted in questionable chronologies. This paper examines the available radiocarbon evidence from selected sites which are the mainstay of early examples of domesticated animals in the Netherlands, between 5000 and 4000 BCE. 1 We approach the legacy data in two ways: by employing principles of chronometric hygiene to reassess the radiocarbon datasets of selected sites and by exploring the use of such data for future studies in chronology by means of Bayesian chronological modelling. 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Dreshaj","title":"Blind Dates: exploring uncertainty in the radiocarbon evidence on the emergence of animal husbandry in the Dutch wetlands"},{"id":38702851,"work_id":85339774,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":298,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"M***e@rug.nl","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":2,"name":"Michael W Dee","title":"Blind Dates: exploring uncertainty in the radiocarbon evidence on the emergence of animal husbandry in the Dutch wetlands"},{"id":38702852,"work_id":85339774,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":2129288,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***s@rug.nl","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":3,"name":"Daan Raemaekers","title":"Blind Dates: exploring uncertainty in the radiocarbon evidence on the emergence of animal husbandry in the Dutch wetlands"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90065884,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90065884/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Dreshaj_et_al_2022_Blind_Dates.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90065884/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Blind_Dates_exploring_uncertainty_in_the.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90065884/Dreshaj_et_al_2022_Blind_Dates-libre.pdf?1661159061=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBlind_Dates_exploring_uncertainty_in_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720212\u0026Signature=YTfwekYR5xEnzgBtlViW8pJ042LFzduVb8tDNoF5MsllCh1mxMrK6~TPuaf82SvBhrDWRrzJMJryomo~NKPvC8k15jjxfzdLS-5~Zr-XCRjVfjdvYf38HmMQWydbGKOJnfk6AQz62t4nRUv9Z1DfvIuulWNjqbvMBtK6kXxIvUQbdOZPJxv91jKxNWot0vIxuOJ-oUnsmI0HYO-gpInI2FywBb-jskYN5vYlE1KYzw0M114rb~vsMqARrV4Ml-om6iUm0TmsEWIdRh4KJf8zO7hImeEiLpRupSJHNY14E~gE8tD5ToMECfUnAWFdyLsP6cu3HOh8L9CcQdZ-vcflAg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Blind_Dates_exploring_uncertainty_in_the_radiocarbon_evidence_on_the_emergence_of_animal_husbandry_in_the_Dutch_wetlands","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The emergence of animal husbandry in the Netherlands remains the subject of much speculation. Challenges in identifying domesticated animals among the faunal remains, inconsistent excavation documentation, and flawed radiocarbon analysis have resulted in questionable chronologies. This paper examines the available radiocarbon evidence from selected sites which are the mainstay of early examples of domesticated animals in the Netherlands, between 5000 and 4000 BCE. 1 We approach the legacy data in two ways: by employing principles of chronometric hygiene to reassess the radiocarbon datasets of selected sites and by exploring the use of such data for future studies in chronology by means of Bayesian chronological modelling. 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Erven</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Scientific Reports</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Crombé et al. present data which in their opinion provide indications for local animal husbandry ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Crombé et al. present data which in their opinion provide indications for local animal husbandry in the northwest European lowlands as early as 4800/4600 cal BC. Their argument is built on radiocarbon (14 C) and stable isotope analyses of bones attributed to sheep/goat and cattle from the site of Bazel "Sluis", northwest Belgium. Focussing on the bone remains, we argue that their conclusions are unsupported due to lack of direct evidence for a local origin of the animals and uncertainty about the domestic status of the cattle. We propose that the Bazel assemblage provides important new data for the study of the role of domesticates in the 5th millennium cal BC, but that it does not provide new insights into the timing of incipient animal husbandry outside the loess belt. Instead, it leaves room for multiple models of cultural behaviour.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ec6e418d7a5703ee88bde20dfddad53a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":79564637,"asset_id":69484428,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79564637/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="69484428"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="69484428"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69484428; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69484428]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69484428]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69484428; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='69484428']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ec6e418d7a5703ee88bde20dfddad53a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=69484428]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":69484428,"title":"No compelling evidence for early small-scale animal husbandry in Atlantic NW Europe","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1038/s41598-022-05073-6","abstract":"Crombé et al. present data which in their opinion provide indications for local animal husbandry in the northwest European lowlands as early as 4800/4600 cal BC. 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BC" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/72198707/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/57173984/Timing_and_Pace_of_Neolithisation_in_the_Dutch_Wetlands_c_5000_3500_cal_BC">Timing and Pace of Neolithisation in the Dutch Wetlands (c. 5000-3500 cal. BC</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>De Gruyter Open Archaeology</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article presents an overview of the current evidence on the process of Neolithisation in the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article presents an overview of the current evidence on the process of Neolithisation in the Dutch wetlands. Over the years, several models have been proposed with different perspectives on the timing and pace of the process: a long transition, an early short transition, and a late short transition. The applicability of any of these models is, of course, dependent of the evidence. In this article, we briefly discuss recently obtained data from the Netherlands on vegetation disturbance (woodland clearing), soil disturbance (tillage), cereal cultivation, animal husbandry, and the use of ceramics. The data discussed involve palynological, sedimentary, micromorphological, archaeobotanical, zooarchaeological, as well as lipid analyses. Hence, it is concluded that from the mid fifth millennium cal. BC onwards, various aspects of a more "Neolithic lifestyle" become apparent in the archaeological record, including cereal cultivation on a structural, but small-scale basis in wetland environments. However, despite the "gradual" tendency that can be observed, the evidence is as yet inconclusive with regard to any of the models, due to persisting limitations of the datasets, potential regional variability, and aspects of scale. A new project, the Emergence of Domestic Animals in the Netherlands (EDAN), aims at a better understanding of animal husbandry through aDNA and isotope analyses, within a framework of statistical chronological modelling. We expect this project to enhance the debate greatly.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="999d6bdf0ca42508a4446bd80fd4c958" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":72198707,"asset_id":57173984,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72198707/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="57173984"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="57173984"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57173984; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=57173984]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=57173984]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57173984; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='57173984']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "999d6bdf0ca42508a4446bd80fd4c958" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=57173984]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":57173984,"title":"Timing and Pace of Neolithisation in the Dutch Wetlands (c. 5000-3500 cal. 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BC onwards, various aspects of a more \"Neolithic lifestyle\" become apparent in the archaeological record, including cereal cultivation on a structural, but small-scale basis in wetland environments. However, despite the \"gradual\" tendency that can be observed, the evidence is as yet inconclusive with regard to any of the models, due to persisting limitations of the datasets, potential regional variability, and aspects of scale. A new project, the Emergence of Domestic Animals in the Netherlands (EDAN), aims at a better understanding of animal husbandry through aDNA and isotope analyses, within a framework of statistical chronological modelling. We expect this project to enhance the debate greatly.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"De Gruyter Open Archaeology"},"translated_abstract":"This article presents an overview of the current evidence on the process of Neolithisation in the Dutch wetlands. 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However, despite the \"gradual\" tendency that can be observed, the evidence is as yet inconclusive with regard to any of the models, due to persisting limitations of the datasets, potential regional variability, and aspects of scale. A new project, the Emergence of Domestic Animals in the Netherlands (EDAN), aims at a better understanding of animal husbandry through aDNA and isotope analyses, within a framework of statistical chronological modelling. 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Over the years, several models have been proposed with different perspectives on the timing and pace of the process: a long transition, an early short transition, and a late short transition. The applicability of any of these models is, of course, dependent of the evidence. In this article, we briefly discuss recently obtained data from the Netherlands on vegetation disturbance (woodland clearing), soil disturbance (tillage), cereal cultivation, animal husbandry, and the use of ceramics. The data discussed involve palynological, sedimentary, micromorphological, archaeobotanical, zooarchaeological, as well as lipid analyses. Hence, it is concluded that from the mid fifth millennium cal. BC onwards, various aspects of a more \"Neolithic lifestyle\" become apparent in the archaeological record, including cereal cultivation on a structural, but small-scale basis in wetland environments. However, despite the \"gradual\" tendency that can be observed, the evidence is as yet inconclusive with regard to any of the models, due to persisting limitations of the datasets, potential regional variability, and aspects of scale. A new project, the Emergence of Domestic Animals in the Netherlands (EDAN), aims at a better understanding of animal husbandry through aDNA and isotope analyses, within a framework of statistical chronological modelling. We expect this project to enhance the debate greatly.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":72198707,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/72198707/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Raemaekers_et_al_Timing_and_pace_of_neolithization.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72198707/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Timing_and_Pace_of_Neolithisation_in_the.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/72198707/Raemaekers_et_al_Timing_and_pace_of_neolithization-libre.pdf?1633957356=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTiming_and_Pace_of_Neolithisation_in_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657068\u0026Signature=XYk4CCVgTzju4lt4HqjdaM1nJM0SIXUrQRX2jyJ4Gp3lOhsozIYt5RlCIqG-1s6mFFRXHu-TLt3RSD0iBteqvLaY0QGWZWkU7VNlzIs-ClmB8dUnXUgwpH7LXCwsEXKhJEBE6ih6DPnYRUFkB3d22YiUix0KxH8P2gBRFfa1saMPZt8onQEfNdcTYo7p-bhVejEKVY23X0jxNfIPj2e2CR2VpbVC745rOYfRA3lyyNGn06-KT0ZeNqoIHlfDbpmv-vQFjK-YYYestS4l9RUnA6Z9dAG2OY8SRHCpxIHsodEaphkK-q7DLHh4gNL5sZEMFHxb1Enhj46bqkvhUVbDew__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-57173984-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="49042766"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/49042766/Reconstructing_Human_Centered_Interaction_Networks_of_the_Swifterbant_Culture_in_the_Dutch_Wetlands_An_Example_from_the_ArchaeoEcology_Project"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reconstructing Human-Centered Interaction Networks of the Swifterbant Culture in the Dutch Wetlands: An Example from the ArchaeoEcology Project" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/67442563/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/49042766/Reconstructing_Human_Centered_Interaction_Networks_of_the_Swifterbant_Culture_in_the_Dutch_Wetlands_An_Example_from_the_ArchaeoEcology_Project">Reconstructing Human-Centered Interaction Networks of the Swifterbant Culture in the Dutch Wetlands: An Example from the ArchaeoEcology Project</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Applied Sciences</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In archaeology, palaeo-ecological studies are frequently used to support archaeological investiga...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In archaeology, palaeo-ecological studies are frequently used to support archaeological investigations, but linking and synthesizing datasets and concepts from ecology, ethnography, earth sciences, and archaeology has historically been rare. While advances in computational approaches and standards of data collection have enabled more collaborative approaches to understanding the past, these endeavors are only now beginning to pick up pace. Here, we propose a method to collect data of these assorted types, synthesize ecological and archaeological understanding, and move beyond subsistence-focused studies to those that incorporate multifaceted economies. We advocate for the use of 'human-centered interaction networks' as a tool to synthesize and better understand the role of culture, ecology, and environment in the long-term evolution of socio-ecological systems. We advance the study of human-centered interaction networks by presenting an archaeoecological (archaeological-ecological) perspective on the Neolithic transition of the Swifterbant culture in the northwestern Netherlands (approximately 4700-4000 BCE). We employed network science to better understand the relationships of animal and plant species to the uses that people made of them. The analysis of the Swifterbant system reveals a highly connected set of interactions among people, plants, and animals, as could be expected on the basis of the hypothesis of an 'extended broadspectrum economy'. Importantly, this broad spectrum extends beyond the subsistence sphere.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="91ccb6939687db0315c3c1a8179b9ab9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":67442563,"asset_id":49042766,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67442563/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="49042766"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49042766"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49042766; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49042766]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49042766]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49042766; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='49042766']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "91ccb6939687db0315c3c1a8179b9ab9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=49042766]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":49042766,"title":"Reconstructing Human-Centered Interaction Networks of the Swifterbant Culture in the Dutch Wetlands: An Example from the ArchaeoEcology Project","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In archaeology, palaeo-ecological studies are frequently used to support archaeological investigations, but linking and synthesizing datasets and concepts from ecology, ethnography, earth sciences, and archaeology has historically been rare. 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We employed network science to better understand the relationships of animal and plant species to the uses that people made of them. The analysis of the Swifterbant system reveals a highly connected set of interactions among people, plants, and animals, as could be expected on the basis of the hypothesis of an 'extended broadspectrum economy'. Importantly, this broad spectrum extends beyond the subsistence sphere.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Applied Sciences"},"translated_abstract":"In archaeology, palaeo-ecological studies are frequently used to support archaeological investigations, but linking and synthesizing datasets and concepts from ecology, ethnography, earth sciences, and archaeology has historically been rare. While advances in computational approaches and standards of data collection have enabled more collaborative approaches to understanding the past, these endeavors are only now beginning to pick up pace. 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We employed network science to better understand the relationships of animal and plant species to the uses that people made of them. The analysis of the Swifterbant system reveals a highly connected set of interactions among people, plants, and animals, as could be expected on the basis of the hypothesis of an 'extended broadspectrum economy'. 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Only very few such sites have been investigated, for instance in areas with good preservation of organic materials. On the basis of Scandinavian,<br />German, and Dutch Mesolithic sites we will demonstrate that sites with no or very few lithics may in fact be common and represent other behavioural contexts or practices different from the sites which are characterized by large quantities of lithics. We argue that by not taking into consideration the importance of ‘lithicless’ sites, a bias is created, obscuring the very nature of hunter-gatherer behaviour during the Mesolithic.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fbce05156deae0032299442d01a7aa2c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":66696761,"asset_id":47754757,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66696761/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="47754757"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="47754757"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47754757; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47754757]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47754757]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47754757; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='47754757']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fbce05156deae0032299442d01a7aa2c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=47754757]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":47754757,"title":"Mesolithic 'ghost' sites and related Stone Age problems with lithics","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The role of lithics as the ultimate indicator of Stone Age sites is so well accepted in daily research practices that the idea of Stone Age sites with no or very few lithics appears more or less absurd. Only very few such sites have been investigated, for instance in areas with good preservation of organic materials. On the basis of Scandinavian,\nGerman, and Dutch Mesolithic sites we will demonstrate that sites with no or very few lithics may in fact be common and represent other behavioural contexts or practices different from the sites which are characterized by large quantities of lithics. We argue that by not taking into consideration the importance of ‘lithicless’ sites, a bias is created, obscuring the very nature of hunter-gatherer behaviour during the Mesolithic.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Foraging Assemblages"},"translated_abstract":"The role of lithics as the ultimate indicator of Stone Age sites is so well accepted in daily research practices that the idea of Stone Age sites with no or very few lithics appears more or less absurd. Only very few such sites have been investigated, for instance in areas with good preservation of organic materials. On the basis of Scandinavian,\nGerman, and Dutch Mesolithic sites we will demonstrate that sites with no or very few lithics may in fact be common and represent other behavioural contexts or practices different from the sites which are characterized by large quantities of lithics. We argue that by not taking into consideration the importance of ‘lithicless’ sites, a bias is created, obscuring the very nature of hunter-gatherer behaviour during the Mesolithic.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/47754757/Mesolithic_ghost_sites_and_related_Stone_Age_problems_with_lithics","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-04-27T01:35:32.593-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":36478305,"work_id":47754757,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":2172766,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"o***1@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Copenhagen","display_order":1,"name":"Ole Grøn","title":"Mesolithic 'ghost' sites and related Stone Age problems with lithics"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66696761,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66696761/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MESO_2015_Chapter_35.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66696761/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Mesolithic_ghost_sites_and_related_Stone.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66696761/MESO_2015_Chapter_35-libre.pdf?1619515535=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMesolithic_ghost_sites_and_related_Stone.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657068\u0026Signature=dQcfS2EOkdatjlA4aRfuiVbuu9wvFwqqZaVb4rPGkCEVI5~kCch4oOZNEsew62TlOPoIGSKlKMzrvw4OFSby1kNHT4uUnPm2nv3jC7uBA~wAF6aaL7rN5GNBce7FTUBMaimqJj~5epYMPNJk6B9CBBUjagFPWz9KZW56i5daz3AmiCa-nO9Fja~8ctyZ7S4zgy1~36Y17lhihdMToCqRzxt5vRKS~e8C8p1e7kOyFW56Z7dVUEZxZa-Whg2pmpHHsuNzY5DwlZqbHWX6xCmCitl0gvAGY5p9B89Vo2teuYLWGupirPSpWSesjL2P-QBhlRFJx8l~FNvwXE52Xo5r5A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Mesolithic_ghost_sites_and_related_Stone_Age_problems_with_lithics","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The role of lithics as the ultimate indicator of Stone Age sites is so well accepted in daily research practices that the idea of Stone Age sites with no or very few lithics appears more or less absurd. Only very few such sites have been investigated, for instance in areas with good preservation of organic materials. On the basis of Scandinavian,\nGerman, and Dutch Mesolithic sites we will demonstrate that sites with no or very few lithics may in fact be common and represent other behavioural contexts or practices different from the sites which are characterized by large quantities of lithics. We argue that by not taking into consideration the importance of ‘lithicless’ sites, a bias is created, obscuring the very nature of hunter-gatherer behaviour during the Mesolithic.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":66696761,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66696761/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MESO_2015_Chapter_35.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66696761/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Mesolithic_ghost_sites_and_related_Stone.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66696761/MESO_2015_Chapter_35-libre.pdf?1619515535=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMesolithic_ghost_sites_and_related_Stone.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657068\u0026Signature=dQcfS2EOkdatjlA4aRfuiVbuu9wvFwqqZaVb4rPGkCEVI5~kCch4oOZNEsew62TlOPoIGSKlKMzrvw4OFSby1kNHT4uUnPm2nv3jC7uBA~wAF6aaL7rN5GNBce7FTUBMaimqJj~5epYMPNJk6B9CBBUjagFPWz9KZW56i5daz3AmiCa-nO9Fja~8ctyZ7S4zgy1~36Y17lhihdMToCqRzxt5vRKS~e8C8p1e7kOyFW56Z7dVUEZxZa-Whg2pmpHHsuNzY5DwlZqbHWX6xCmCitl0gvAGY5p9B89Vo2teuYLWGupirPSpWSesjL2P-QBhlRFJx8l~FNvwXE52Xo5r5A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-47754757-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="43284002"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/43284002/Open_Access_Arguments_in_favour_of_an_anthropogenic_origin_of_Mesolithic_pit_hearths_A_reply_to_Cromb_e_and_Langohr_2020"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Open Access: Arguments in favour of an anthropogenic origin of Mesolithic pit hearths. A reply to Cromb� e and Langohr (2020" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/63559633/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/43284002/Open_Access_Arguments_in_favour_of_an_anthropogenic_origin_of_Mesolithic_pit_hearths_A_reply_to_Cromb_e_and_Langohr_2020">Open Access: Arguments in favour of an anthropogenic origin of Mesolithic pit hearths. A reply to Cromb� e and Langohr (2020</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Archaeological Science</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In response to the comment by Cromb� e and Langohr (2020) on our micromorphological study of Meso...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In response to the comment by Cromb� e and Langohr (2020) on our micromorphological study of Mesolithic pit hearths, we argue that these features are most likely anthropogenic in origin, and that it is therefore unlikely that they are the remains of burned ant nests. Arguments for an anthropogenic origin centre around (1) their regional and temporal distribution, (2) their spatial distribution within archaeological sites, (3) their charcoal spectrum and (4) the presence of cultural remains in the pits. We argue that the absence of fire-related features and apparent discrepancies in dating can be attributed to site-formation and taphonomic processes. Finally, we indicate that, due to a lack of actual observations of the subsurface morphology of burned ant nests, it is impossible to make a valid comparison. Based on the existing literature on ant nests fires, we come to a different model of this morphology than do Cromb� e and Langohr (2020). We conclude that these pit hearths form an important component of the Mesolithic archaeological record and that new research into their formation and their use may shed more light on their origin and purpose.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9071e5e6d0dfebd4ca523b3149f824f1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":63559633,"asset_id":43284002,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63559633/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="43284002"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43284002"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43284002; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43284002]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43284002]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43284002; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='43284002']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9071e5e6d0dfebd4ca523b3149f824f1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=43284002]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":43284002,"title":"Open Access: Arguments in favour of an anthropogenic origin of Mesolithic pit hearths. A reply to Cromb� e and Langohr (2020","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2020.105144","abstract":"In response to the comment by Cromb� e and Langohr (2020) on our micromorphological study of Mesolithic pit hearths, we argue that these features are most likely anthropogenic in origin, and that it is therefore unlikely that they are the remains of burned ant nests. Arguments for an anthropogenic origin centre around (1) their regional and temporal distribution, (2) their spatial distribution within archaeological sites, (3) their charcoal spectrum and (4) the presence of cultural remains in the pits. We argue that the absence of fire-related features and apparent discrepancies in dating can be attributed to site-formation and taphonomic processes. Finally, we indicate that, due to a lack of actual observations of the subsurface morphology of burned ant nests, it is impossible to make a valid comparison. Based on the existing literature on ant nests fires, we come to a different model of this morphology than do Cromb� e and Langohr (2020). We conclude that these pit hearths form an important component of the Mesolithic archaeological record and that new research into their formation and their use may shed more light on their origin and purpose.","ai_title_tag":"Anthropogenic Origins of Mesolithic Pit Hearths","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Archaeological Science"},"translated_abstract":"In response to the comment by Cromb� e and Langohr (2020) on our micromorphological study of Mesolithic pit hearths, we argue that these features are most likely anthropogenic in origin, and that it is therefore unlikely that they are the remains of burned ant nests. Arguments for an anthropogenic origin centre around (1) their regional and temporal distribution, (2) their spatial distribution within archaeological sites, (3) their charcoal spectrum and (4) the presence of cultural remains in the pits. We argue that the absence of fire-related features and apparent discrepancies in dating can be attributed to site-formation and taphonomic processes. Finally, we indicate that, due to a lack of actual observations of the subsurface morphology of burned ant nests, it is impossible to make a valid comparison. Based on the existing literature on ant nests fires, we come to a different model of this morphology than do Cromb� e and Langohr (2020). We conclude that these pit hearths form an important component of the Mesolithic archaeological record and that new research into their formation and their use may shed more light on their origin and purpose.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43284002/Open_Access_Arguments_in_favour_of_an_anthropogenic_origin_of_Mesolithic_pit_hearths_A_reply_to_Cromb_e_and_Langohr_2020","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-06-07T22:57:04.021-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63559633,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/63559633/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1-s2.0-S0305440320300662-main20200607-127626-19qsm8c.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63559633/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Open_Access_Arguments_in_favour_of_an_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/63559633/1-s2.0-S0305440320300662-main20200607-127626-19qsm8c-libre.pdf?1591596367=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOpen_Access_Arguments_in_favour_of_an_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657068\u0026Signature=N13oCTsyTXWmxtTT5yJfpcktLacrZWUCMtnMIpRTDfuqiC6v8OEthBCqDkFbJaxJ23vQh4DOeWAGKyE9pigc6Ogc~DamZyeXq5I~43sSPmuisaQkN-t5ZxV-hjG~bU9biVWJQrOptfFRq0T4RKYkFIEA8nkvwtX3q0ThhxKoGC~vWUcsD4eVwXU-1hd7ffdfkXpYQTHR1ZO7FD7e0ME7rZaO42SMD316tiExielBYQmEt80MBRc9Ul4Ty~H6GELzt5sphz~tb1N-QcmiGYW0nSCuB2hAUdCzVmOzVR4xloTfDU1aHrO9vFP8PK0IQrmTgBxyxc35IUlcCratJF7G3A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Open_Access_Arguments_in_favour_of_an_anthropogenic_origin_of_Mesolithic_pit_hearths_A_reply_to_Cromb_e_and_Langohr_2020","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"In response to the comment by Cromb� e and Langohr (2020) on our micromorphological study of Mesolithic pit hearths, we argue that these features are most likely anthropogenic in origin, and that it is therefore unlikely that they are the remains of burned ant nests. Arguments for an anthropogenic origin centre around (1) their regional and temporal distribution, (2) their spatial distribution within archaeological sites, (3) their charcoal spectrum and (4) the presence of cultural remains in the pits. We argue that the absence of fire-related features and apparent discrepancies in dating can be attributed to site-formation and taphonomic processes. Finally, we indicate that, due to a lack of actual observations of the subsurface morphology of burned ant nests, it is impossible to make a valid comparison. Based on the existing literature on ant nests fires, we come to a different model of this morphology than do Cromb� e and Langohr (2020). We conclude that these pit hearths form an important component of the Mesolithic archaeological record and that new research into their formation and their use may shed more light on their origin and purpose.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":63559633,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/63559633/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1-s2.0-S0305440320300662-main20200607-127626-19qsm8c.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63559633/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Open_Access_Arguments_in_favour_of_an_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/63559633/1-s2.0-S0305440320300662-main20200607-127626-19qsm8c-libre.pdf?1591596367=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DOpen_Access_Arguments_in_favour_of_an_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657068\u0026Signature=N13oCTsyTXWmxtTT5yJfpcktLacrZWUCMtnMIpRTDfuqiC6v8OEthBCqDkFbJaxJ23vQh4DOeWAGKyE9pigc6Ogc~DamZyeXq5I~43sSPmuisaQkN-t5ZxV-hjG~bU9biVWJQrOptfFRq0T4RKYkFIEA8nkvwtX3q0ThhxKoGC~vWUcsD4eVwXU-1hd7ffdfkXpYQTHR1ZO7FD7e0ME7rZaO42SMD316tiExielBYQmEt80MBRc9Ul4Ty~H6GELzt5sphz~tb1N-QcmiGYW0nSCuB2hAUdCzVmOzVR4xloTfDU1aHrO9vFP8PK0IQrmTgBxyxc35IUlcCratJF7G3A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":19731,"name":"Prehistoric Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Technology"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-43284002-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="40111068"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/40111068/Deciphering_the_complexity_of_a_simple_mesolithic_phenomenon_Indicators_for_construction_use_and_taphonomy_of_pit_hearths_from_Kampen_the_Netherlands_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Deciphering the complexity of a 'simple' mesolithic phenomenon: Indicators for construction, use and taphonomy of pit hearths from Kampen (the Netherlands)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115022090/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/40111068/Deciphering_the_complexity_of_a_simple_mesolithic_phenomenon_Indicators_for_construction_use_and_taphonomy_of_pit_hearths_from_Kampen_the_Netherlands_">Deciphering the complexity of a 'simple' mesolithic phenomenon: Indicators for construction, use and taphonomy of pit hearths from Kampen (the Netherlands)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Archaeological Science</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Using soil micromorphology, we investigated the genesis and taphonomy of several pit hearth featu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Using soil micromorphology, we investigated the genesis and taphonomy of several pit hearth features, embedded in sandy podzolic soils from Kampen (the Netherlands). This is one of the first studies to investigate one of such pits in its entirety, instead of only the lower, charcoal-rich fill. Our results show that the upper fill of these pits contains considerable amounts of non-charred degraded organic matter. The lower fill typically contains fragments of charcoal and some wood tar, but also black coatings around sand grains, that is interpreted as charred humus from a podzol B-horizon. These coatings indicate that material from the upper horizons of a podzol profile-e.g. in the form of turves-was used to control a fire on the floor of the pit. Fine charred material postdepositionally leached from the pit feature into the underlying deposits, associated with increased formation of limped clay coatings. This indicates that ash-induced alkaline charcoal degradation and associated clay translocation played a role in this process. The Kampen case provides strong evidence that fine charred organic material may contaminate underlying archaeological or sedimentary units.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-40111068-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-40111068-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582379/figure-1-known-sites-with-mesolithic-pit-hearth-features"><img alt="Fig. 1. Known sites with Mesolithic pit hearth features (site locations from Peeters et al., 2017, supplemented with Crombé et al., 2015). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582383/figure-2-one-major-challenge-in-pit-hearth-research-is-that"><img alt="One major challenge in pit hearth research is that their upper fill is commonly hard or impossible to discern. The charred remains are Fig. 2. Plan of the excavation, showing the distribution of pit hearth features as well as a dwelling structure. The sampled features are indicated. Note that some of the features are affected by sub-recent damage of linear North-South oriented drainage channels. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582388/figure-3-profile-with-pit-feature-and-samples-the-natural"><img alt="Fig. 3. Profile with pit feature 75 and samples. The natural profile shows the normal horizon sequence of a podzol, i.e. from base to top: C (base of section and parent material), Bh (altered parent material with illuviated humus), AE (eluviation horizon and topsoil). The feature is U-shaped, with a very dark, charcoal-rich base layer and a dark brown upper fill that is similar in colour to the Bh-horizon. Tree root casts that disturbed the profile are indicated. Thin illuviation bands (fibres) are shown with broken lines. In the C-horizon, the fibres underneath the pit feature are ticker and contain thin black lines. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582392/figure-4-drawings-and-field-impressions-of-the-sampling-of"><img alt="Fig. 4. Drawings and field impressions of the sampling of features 22, 26 and 27 (pit 515). Broken line is the surface of the excavation pit. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582403/figure-5-plot-of-the-dating-results-calibrated-with-oxcal"><img alt="Fig. 5. Plot of the a dating results, calibrated with OxCal version 4.3.2 (Bronk Ramsey, 2017) with the IntCal13 curve (Reimer et al., 2013) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582414/figure-6-micrographs-from-the-natural-soil-profile-next-to"><img alt="Fig. 6. Micrographs from the “natural” soil profile next to pit feature 511.75 from base to top. A: Sand grains with few, discontinuous humus coatings (some examples circled) on some of the grains in the C-horizon (sample 4276 M). B: Thin, continuous humus coatings in B2-horizon (sample 4275 O). C: Discontinuous light brown humus coatings (arrows point to examples) and scattered dark brown to black degraded organic fragments (examples circled) in B2-horizon (sample 4275 O). D: Polymorphic organic matter, containing continuous humus coatings, dark degraded organic material (e.g. D) and some tissue fragments (e.g. T) in transition from B1- to AE-horizon (sample 4275 B). E: Dark degraded organic matter with little or no humus coatings in AE-horizon. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582423/figure-7-micrographs-from-the-lower-fill-of-feature-oak"><img alt="Fig. 7. Micrographs from the lower fill of feature 511.75. A: Oak charcoal (sample 4269). B: Small charcoal fragment with recognizable cell structure, combined with thick opaque outer rim (sample 4270). C: Charred sclerotium (sample 4269), D: Charred humus coatings (sample 4268), E: Charred polymorphic humus (sample 4270). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582437/figure-10-masses-which-are-interpreted-as-fragments-of-wood"><img alt="masses, which are interpreted as fragments of wood tar (Fig. 10B and C,D). The samples from the natural soil profile around pit features 515.22, 515.26 and 515.27 can be directly compared to the samples from the “natural profile” described above (i.e. next to pit feature 75) the 4275 and 4275 samples. Humus coatings are found in the upper fill of pit feature 515.27 (sample 4063), as well as - combined with some fungal indicators - in the soil next to pit feature 515.22 (sample 4263). The soil horizon beneath pit feature 515.26 (samples 4065, 4066) contains low amounts of minute charcoal fragments, similar to those found in the horizons under pit 511.75. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582449/figure-9-micrograph-from-the-profile-underneath-feature"><img alt="Fig. 9. Micrograph from the profile underneath feature 511.75. A: Small illuviated charred fragments (sample 4271). B: Illuviated wood charcoal fragment (sample 4272). C-E: sequence through fine illuviated band (sample 4273): yellow ovals indicate birefringent clay coatings in XPL image: C: Clay coatings at the base. D: Clay coatings, with superimposed dark-grey to black fine charred material, in the centre. E: Dark-grey to black fine charred material without clay coating at the top. F: Close-up of dark-grey fine charred material. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582457/figure-10-charcoal-and-wood-tar-from-the-lower-fill-of-pit"><img alt="Fig. 10. Charcoal and wood tar from the lower fill of pit feature 515.27 (sample 4062). A: Pine charcoal. The yellow oval indicates a fragment of dense tar with a cracked surface. B: Pine charcoal, fragmented in situ. The yellow oval indicates an area where the relatively large charcoal is broken into sub-mm fragments. C: Extremely vesicular wood tar. Note remnants of the pine cell structure on the left side of the fragment. D: Moderately vesicular wood tar sandwiched between charcoal with recognizable pine structure. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582470/table-1-sample-list-bleached-appearance-the-dark-brown"><img alt="Sample list. Table 1 bleached appearance. The dark brown fibres in the C-horizon below the pit, however, are thicker than in the surrounding soil material, and incorporate thin black lines which are absent in the natural soil profile. Table 2 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582487/figure-3-mcc-dating-results-on-charcoal-from-the"><img alt="McC dating results on charcoal from the investigated pit features. 2.2. Sampling Feature 511.75 (Fig. 3) can be classified as a typical humus podzol. A sequence of A, AE, Bh (divided in darker upper Bh1 and lighter lower Bh2), BC and C horizons were distinguished in the field. Few fibres are present in the Bh2-and C-horizons. Multiple tree root remains could be recognized in the lower part of the C-horizon. The Mesolithic pit, measuring c. 150 cm (diameter) by c. 50 cm (depth) in the cross-section has a bowl-shaped bottom. The lower c. 20 cm of the pit fill consists of black, charcoal-rich material. The upper fill consists of deep brown fine sand, with a few thick, extremely dark illuviation bands (“fibres”). An E-horizon has developed in the upper part of the feature, contingent to the same horizon in the natural soil profile. The E-horizon seems to sink at both edges of the pit feature, but it is unclear whether this is acci- dental — a result of the wavy boundary between E- and Bh1-horizons — or related to the actual pit feature. The C-horizon below the pit is lighter in colour than in the adjacent soil profile, giving the sand a " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582497/table-3-summary-of-key-micromorphological-observations-not"><img alt="Summary of key micromorphological observations. -: not present; (+): single or sporadic presence; +: present - common; + + dominant - abundant. Pyr. = pyrite; Feox. = iron oxides. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/19582508/table-4-deciphering-the-complexity-of-simple-mesolithic"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/115022090/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-40111068-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8626ff095556afefe46a6992f834161d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115022090,"asset_id":40111068,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115022090/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40111068"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40111068"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40111068; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40111068]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40111068]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40111068; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40111068']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8626ff095556afefe46a6992f834161d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40111068]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40111068,"title":"Deciphering the complexity of a 'simple' mesolithic phenomenon: Indicators for construction, use and taphonomy of pit hearths from Kampen (the Netherlands)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Using soil micromorphology, we investigated the genesis and taphonomy of several pit hearth features, embedded in sandy podzolic soils from Kampen (the Netherlands). This is one of the first studies to investigate one of such pits in its entirety, instead of only the lower, charcoal-rich fill. Our results show that the upper fill of these pits contains considerable amounts of non-charred degraded organic matter. The lower fill typically contains fragments of charcoal and some wood tar, but also black coatings around sand grains, that is interpreted as charred humus from a podzol B-horizon. These coatings indicate that material from the upper horizons of a podzol profile-e.g. in the form of turves-was used to control a fire on the floor of the pit. Fine charred material postdepositionally leached from the pit feature into the underlying deposits, associated with increased formation of limped clay coatings. This indicates that ash-induced alkaline charcoal degradation and associated clay translocation played a role in this process. The Kampen case provides strong evidence that fine charred organic material may contaminate underlying archaeological or sedimentary units.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Archaeological Science"},"translated_abstract":"Using soil micromorphology, we investigated the genesis and taphonomy of several pit hearth features, embedded in sandy podzolic soils from Kampen (the Netherlands). This is one of the first studies to investigate one of such pits in its entirety, instead of only the lower, charcoal-rich fill. Our results show that the upper fill of these pits contains considerable amounts of non-charred degraded organic matter. The lower fill typically contains fragments of charcoal and some wood tar, but also black coatings around sand grains, that is interpreted as charred humus from a podzol B-horizon. These coatings indicate that material from the upper horizons of a podzol profile-e.g. in the form of turves-was used to control a fire on the floor of the pit. Fine charred material postdepositionally leached from the pit feature into the underlying deposits, associated with increased formation of limped clay coatings. This indicates that ash-induced alkaline charcoal degradation and associated clay translocation played a role in this process. The Kampen case provides strong evidence that fine charred organic material may contaminate underlying archaeological or sedimentary units.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40111068/Deciphering_the_complexity_of_a_simple_mesolithic_phenomenon_Indicators_for_construction_use_and_taphonomy_of_pit_hearths_from_Kampen_the_Netherlands_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-08-18T03:23:56.642-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":115022090,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115022090/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"JASc_Kampen_pit_hearths.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115022090/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Deciphering_the_complexity_of_a_simple_m.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115022090/JASc_Kampen_pit_hearths-libre.pdf?1716324220=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDeciphering_the_complexity_of_a_simple_m.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720213\u0026Signature=AFLtcaJwKE57TjfDusRYsaavH61Wpf9BcmQxpC3lAd2QL4OTzWmLHexWh02o~PkP9EBo9-di6Yx~d2wQ4qu8Ri842nQNJqfXYRqSaldGSgJuNZW96pZSvXtPwp8O-EYQI~nKkO4wZEK88tKe1WHLM0ABJWZzX8h7D5Hg2z3QbrrjPeNr1GvGPNsjqrR~POPypxYjzBIuIc97fZ5uuPUWHxfd9z9PjSzClAyaQkkEeFqmvmTFcJlAkVrrGLqLjBZ8S2QDsmp2qqaS~pppeyoW032R3g2dAb~JJj0Rc0SGMTCpXBzU9ykdY44KWZHAfNYaX29-GbFTVpkH~5aXQJuQ4w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Deciphering_the_complexity_of_a_simple_mesolithic_phenomenon_Indicators_for_construction_use_and_taphonomy_of_pit_hearths_from_Kampen_the_Netherlands_","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Using soil micromorphology, we investigated the genesis and taphonomy of several pit hearth features, embedded in sandy podzolic soils from Kampen (the Netherlands). This is one of the first studies to investigate one of such pits in its entirety, instead of only the lower, charcoal-rich fill. Our results show that the upper fill of these pits contains considerable amounts of non-charred degraded organic matter. The lower fill typically contains fragments of charcoal and some wood tar, but also black coatings around sand grains, that is interpreted as charred humus from a podzol B-horizon. These coatings indicate that material from the upper horizons of a podzol profile-e.g. in the form of turves-was used to control a fire on the floor of the pit. Fine charred material postdepositionally leached from the pit feature into the underlying deposits, associated with increased formation of limped clay coatings. This indicates that ash-induced alkaline charcoal degradation and associated clay translocation played a role in this process. The Kampen case provides strong evidence that fine charred organic material may contaminate underlying archaeological or sedimentary units.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":115022090,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115022090/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"JASc_Kampen_pit_hearths.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115022090/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Deciphering_the_complexity_of_a_simple_m.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115022090/JASc_Kampen_pit_hearths-libre.pdf?1716324220=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDeciphering_the_complexity_of_a_simple_m.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720213\u0026Signature=AFLtcaJwKE57TjfDusRYsaavH61Wpf9BcmQxpC3lAd2QL4OTzWmLHexWh02o~PkP9EBo9-di6Yx~d2wQ4qu8Ri842nQNJqfXYRqSaldGSgJuNZW96pZSvXtPwp8O-EYQI~nKkO4wZEK88tKe1WHLM0ABJWZzX8h7D5Hg2z3QbrrjPeNr1GvGPNsjqrR~POPypxYjzBIuIc97fZ5uuPUWHxfd9z9PjSzClAyaQkkEeFqmvmTFcJlAkVrrGLqLjBZ8S2QDsmp2qqaS~pppeyoW032R3g2dAb~JJj0Rc0SGMTCpXBzU9ykdY44KWZHAfNYaX29-GbFTVpkH~5aXQJuQ4w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":19731,"name":"Prehistoric Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Technology"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-40111068-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39272054"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39272054/Hamburgian_hunter_gatherers_in_the_ice_pushed_hills_of_the_Netherlands"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Hamburgian hunter-gatherers in the ice-pushed hills of the Netherlands" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59407054/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39272054/Hamburgian_hunter_gatherers_in_the_ice_pushed_hills_of_the_Netherlands">Hamburgian hunter-gatherers in the ice-pushed hills of the Netherlands</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://cultureelerfgoed.academia.edu/EelcoRensink">Eelco Rensink</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://schloss-gottorf.academia.edu/BeritValentinEriksen">Berit Valentin Eriksen</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Final Palaeolithic of Northern Eurasia Proceedings of the Amersfoort, Schleswig and Burgos UISPP Commission Meetings</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In the Netherlands, Hamburgian sites are predominantly known from the northern part of the countr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In the Netherlands, Hamburgian sites are predominantly known from the northern part of the country and particularly from the Drenthe-Frisian till plateau and its immediate surroundings comprising important sites such as Ureterp, Havelte and Oldeholtwolde. For a long time, Hamburgian sites located to the south of this area were hardly known and received little scientific attention. In the past 15 years, however, new discoveries confirm the presence of Hamburgian sites in the area: Stroe, Meerveld and Epse. They share three important characteristics: 1) they are located in a different landscape setting, i.e. on and in the direct vicinity of the ice-pushed ridges of the central Netherlands, 2) they all relate to the earliest human occupation after the Last Glacial Maximum in this part of the<br />Netherlands, and 3) they currently define the southernmost extension of the Hamburgian in the country. In this paper specific characteristics (site location, raw material use, inter-site variability and dating) of Hamburgian sites in the central Netherlands are presented and briefly compared with the Hamburgian record from the northern Netherlands. It is concluded that the area of the ice-pushed ridges formed an integral part of the territory of Hamburgian hunter-gatherers in the Netherlands. Furthermore, some suggestions are made for future research and for new initiatives serving the purpose of archaeological heritage management.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0c50afd4a2479da343e480f0241f6445" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59407054,"asset_id":39272054,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59407054/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39272054"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39272054"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39272054; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39272054]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39272054]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39272054; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39272054']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0c50afd4a2479da343e480f0241f6445" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39272054]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39272054,"title":"Hamburgian hunter-gatherers in the ice-pushed hills of the Netherlands","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In the Netherlands, Hamburgian sites are predominantly known from the northern part of the country and particularly from the Drenthe-Frisian till plateau and its immediate surroundings comprising important sites such as Ureterp, Havelte and Oldeholtwolde. For a long time, Hamburgian sites located to the south of this area were hardly known and received little scientific attention. In the past 15 years, however, new discoveries confirm the presence of Hamburgian sites in the area: Stroe, Meerveld and Epse. They share three important characteristics: 1) they are located in a different landscape setting, i.e. on and in the direct vicinity of the ice-pushed ridges of the central Netherlands, 2) they all relate to the earliest human occupation after the Last Glacial Maximum in this part of the\nNetherlands, and 3) they currently define the southernmost extension of the Hamburgian in the country. In this paper specific characteristics (site location, raw material use, inter-site variability and dating) of Hamburgian sites in the central Netherlands are presented and briefly compared with the Hamburgian record from the northern Netherlands. 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In the past 15 years, however, new discoveries confirm the presence of Hamburgian sites in the area: Stroe, Meerveld and Epse. They share three important characteristics: 1) they are located in a different landscape setting, i.e. on and in the direct vicinity of the ice-pushed ridges of the central Netherlands, 2) they all relate to the earliest human occupation after the Last Glacial Maximum in this part of the\nNetherlands, and 3) they currently define the southernmost extension of the Hamburgian in the country. In this paper specific characteristics (site location, raw material use, inter-site variability and dating) of Hamburgian sites in the central Netherlands are presented and briefly compared with the Hamburgian record from the northern Netherlands. It is concluded that the area of the ice-pushed ridges formed an integral part of the territory of Hamburgian hunter-gatherers in the Netherlands. 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These sites were excavated more than twenty years ago, but unfortunately the results were only scarcely published, and mostly in Dutch. This research project provided an excellent opportunity to unlock the high quality<br />archaeological information. The presence of organic remains and numerous artefacts in cultural layers and the thorough excavation of<br />these layers have produced a wealth of data regarding Late Neolithic behavioural variability in a dynamic wetland landscape. In this<br />article, a summary of the results of this project will be presented.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-30554577-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-30554577-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/50063245/figure-8-comparison-of-the-mienakker-and-zeewijk-structures"><img alt="Fig.8. Comparison of the Mienakker and Zeewijk structures (Nostes 2013b fig. 11.53). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50997246/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/50063224/figure-1-palaeogeographical-reconstruction-of-the-noord"><img alt="Fig. 1. Palaeogeographical reconstruction of the Noord Holland tidal area around 2750 BC. 1: Keinsmerbrug; 2: Mienakker; 3: Zeewijk and other SGC sites [adapted from KvelNe/Weerts 2013 fig. 2.7). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50997246/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/50063226/figure-2-keinsmerbrug-map-of-features-noses-monograph-on"><img alt="Fig. 2. Keinsmerbrug map of features (Noses 2012a fig. 3.6). monograph, on Zeewijk, is being written”. The new analysis of these three sites provided very interesting and extraordinary results. In this article, first a brief overview of the results and of the landscape development will be presented, after which two sites (Keinsmerbrug and Mien- akker) will be discussed. Finally, the conse- quences for Single Grave studies and future research will be addressed. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50997246/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/50063227/figure-3-spatial-analysis-map-including-the-distribution-of"><img alt="Fig. 3. Spatial analysis map including the distribution of fish remains (NoBLes 2012b fig. 10.61). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50997246/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/50063229/figure-4-the-thick-layers-of-midden-deposits-photo-courtesy"><img alt="Fig. 4. The thick layers of midden deposits [photo courtesy of the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands (RCE]). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50997246/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/50063232/figure-5-features-and-interpretation-of-mienakker-noses"><img alt="Fig. 5. Features and interpretation of Mienakker (Noses 2013a fig. 3.1). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50997246/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/50063236/figure-6-the-burial-both-in-photo-and-in-garys"><img alt="Fig. 6. The burial both in a photo and in Gary’s 3D reconstruction (PLome 2013 fig. 10.1; Noses 2013a fig. 3.7). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50997246/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/50063239/figure-7-clear-example-of-single-grave-culture-ceramics-from"><img alt="Fig. 7. A clear example of Single Grave Culture ceramics from Mienakker (BECKERMAN 2013 fig. 4.22-4.23). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50997246/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-30554577-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6c9882beef4b7a4fa446a5c07edcdee9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":50997246,"asset_id":30554577,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50997246/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="30554577"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30554577"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30554577; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30554577]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30554577]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30554577; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='30554577']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6c9882beef4b7a4fa446a5c07edcdee9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=30554577]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":30554577,"title":"Sifting through Single Grave settlements: Keinsmerbrug and Mienakker in the Noord Holland tidal area (the Netherlands)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"(By Kleijne, Beckerman, Brinkhuizen, Brinkkemper, Garcia-Diaz, Kubiak-Martens, Lauwerier, Nobles, Oudemans, Peeters, Raemaekers, Smit, Theunissen, Van Gijn, Zeiler) Between 2009 and 2014, a research project\nwas carried out by several research institutes and commercial companies in order to study and publish three settlement sites of the Single Grave Culture located in the Western Netherlands. These sites were excavated more than twenty years ago, but unfortunately the results were only scarcely published, and mostly in Dutch. This research project provided an excellent opportunity to unlock the high quality\narchaeological information. The presence of organic remains and numerous artefacts in cultural layers and the thorough excavation of\nthese layers have produced a wealth of data regarding Late Neolithic behavioural variability in a dynamic wetland landscape. In this\narticle, a summary of the results of this project will be presented.","ai_title_tag":"Insights into Single Grave Culture Settlements in Noord Holland"},"translated_abstract":"(By Kleijne, Beckerman, Brinkhuizen, Brinkkemper, Garcia-Diaz, Kubiak-Martens, Lauwerier, Nobles, Oudemans, Peeters, Raemaekers, Smit, Theunissen, Van Gijn, Zeiler) Between 2009 and 2014, a research project\nwas carried out by several research institutes and commercial companies in order to study and publish three settlement sites of the Single Grave Culture located in the Western Netherlands. These sites were excavated more than twenty years ago, but unfortunately the results were only scarcely published, and mostly in Dutch. This research project provided an excellent opportunity to unlock the high quality\narchaeological information. The presence of organic remains and numerous artefacts in cultural layers and the thorough excavation of\nthese layers have produced a wealth of data regarding Late Neolithic behavioural variability in a dynamic wetland landscape. In this\narticle, a summary of the results of this project will be presented.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30554577/Sifting_through_Single_Grave_settlements_Keinsmerbrug_and_Mienakker_in_the_Noord_Holland_tidal_area_the_Netherlands_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-12-21T04:16:26.152-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50997246,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/50997246/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Kleijne_et_al_2016_in_UPA292.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50997246/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Sifting_through_Single_Grave_settlements.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/50997246/Kleijne_et_al_2016_in_UPA292-libre.pdf?1482322788=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSifting_through_Single_Grave_settlements.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657068\u0026Signature=V9W9igB1~dbh94xHE6qihyQ6PRVnH8Ehm~ourwB4AQNS1FKU3v7M5z0IVQ4UbBKq4oAmHh8TzmIqZbhe6lUCI5hbf84Mv6-2Oh2HrgBweZUiHrEmP8zc5G-va7oCph1eJiT4whetkd9oIFc6uzbo0zxBheoezARrRHhRpX5Rfi8W6Qw9~2q44tU7hdxJhHMBjmCi9tcOiBhfDWmo1VTXCphoCwcT91pSgxOb0smQNmv3A2n24brMiNG-mIJFz1hPMPS3OPSIDbutZRN6PyGG1nzbyp2KOKmBqlZ1LMijAK~JiN0CAx0z0UbmIbCS9UZSpM80VtcYrME1BaAb6LO2UA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Sifting_through_Single_Grave_settlements_Keinsmerbrug_and_Mienakker_in_the_Noord_Holland_tidal_area_the_Netherlands_","translated_slug":"","page_count":28,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"(By Kleijne, Beckerman, Brinkhuizen, Brinkkemper, Garcia-Diaz, Kubiak-Martens, Lauwerier, Nobles, Oudemans, Peeters, Raemaekers, Smit, Theunissen, Van Gijn, Zeiler) Between 2009 and 2014, a research project\nwas carried out by several research institutes and commercial companies in order to study and publish three settlement sites of the Single Grave Culture located in the Western Netherlands. These sites were excavated more than twenty years ago, but unfortunately the results were only scarcely published, and mostly in Dutch. This research project provided an excellent opportunity to unlock the high quality\narchaeological information. The presence of organic remains and numerous artefacts in cultural layers and the thorough excavation of\nthese layers have produced a wealth of data regarding Late Neolithic behavioural variability in a dynamic wetland landscape. In this\narticle, a summary of the results of this project will be presented.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":50997246,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/50997246/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Kleijne_et_al_2016_in_UPA292.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50997246/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Sifting_through_Single_Grave_settlements.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/50997246/Kleijne_et_al_2016_in_UPA292-libre.pdf?1482322788=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSifting_through_Single_Grave_settlements.pdf\u0026Expires=1743657068\u0026Signature=V9W9igB1~dbh94xHE6qihyQ6PRVnH8Ehm~ourwB4AQNS1FKU3v7M5z0IVQ4UbBKq4oAmHh8TzmIqZbhe6lUCI5hbf84Mv6-2Oh2HrgBweZUiHrEmP8zc5G-va7oCph1eJiT4whetkd9oIFc6uzbo0zxBheoezARrRHhRpX5Rfi8W6Qw9~2q44tU7hdxJhHMBjmCi9tcOiBhfDWmo1VTXCphoCwcT91pSgxOb0smQNmv3A2n24brMiNG-mIJFz1hPMPS3OPSIDbutZRN6PyGG1nzbyp2KOKmBqlZ1LMijAK~JiN0CAx0z0UbmIbCS9UZSpM80VtcYrME1BaAb6LO2UA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":25605,"name":"Corded Ware Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corded_Ware_Culture"},{"id":26086,"name":"Neolithic Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Europe"},{"id":32801,"name":"Wetland Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wetland_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-30554577-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="30518741"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/30518741/The_Neolithic_stone_cist_at_Heveskesklooster_Prov_of_Groningen_the_Netherlands_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Neolithic stone cist at Heveskesklooster (Prov. of Groningen, the Netherlands)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/50964667/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/30518741/The_Neolithic_stone_cist_at_Heveskesklooster_Prov_of_Groningen_the_Netherlands_">The Neolithic stone cist at Heveskesklooster (Prov. of Groningen, the Netherlands)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">(By H.K. Kamstra, J.H.M. Peeters & D.C.M. Raemaekers.) The stone cist was a chance find resulting...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">(By H.K. Kamstra, J.H.M. Peeters & D.C.M. Raemaekers.) The stone cist was a chance find resulting from the excavation of the dwelling mound (wierde) of Heveskesklooster. Owing to its location beneath this younger site and a layer of natural sediment, also the Neolithic surface surrounding the stone cist was excavated. This provided a rare opportunity to study the use of space surrounding the monument. The stone cist was probably built between 3200 and 2950 cal. BC. The flint assemblage testifies to the activities that took place in the area surrounding the stone cist. Although the particular date of these activities is difficult to correlate to the stone cist, it seems that these took place during both TRB and later Neolithic periods. The flint assemblage cannot easily be fit into a bipartite division between ritual and everyday activities. Compared to other TRB stone cists, the Heveskesklooster stone cist yielded few chamber finds. This is the first indication that later inhabitants of the site may have disturbed the content of the burial. Another can be found in the absence of some of the orthostats. Both arguments suggest that in their behaviour the Late Neolithic habitants at Heveskesklooster did not revere the stone cist burial as an ancestral place, but instead seem to have desecrated it. It is concluded that local Corded Ware communities may have had widely differing notions about the relevance of TRB monuments to their sense of ancestry and identity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-30518741-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-30518741-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062197/figure-1-the-dolmen-left-and-stone-cist-right-located-below"><img alt="Fig.1. The dolmen (left) and stone cist (right) located below the terp mound (after Boersma 1988: fig. 1). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062204/figure-2-the-neolithic-stone-cist-at-heveskesklooster-prov"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062215/figure-3-the-distribution-of-megalithic-tombs-in-the"><img alt="Fig. 3. The distribution of megalithic tombs in the Netherlands (dots), in sandy areas (light) and areas covered with blanket peat by c. 2750 cal. BC (shaded) (after Vos & De Vries 2013; figure E. Bolhuis, RUG/GIA). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062222/figure-4-the-dolmen-and-stone-cist-of-heveskesklooster"><img alt="Fig. 4. The dolmen and stone cist of Heveskesklooster within the excavated area (S. Jansen/E. Bolhuis, RUG/GIA). The Heveskesklooster research contributes little to our knowledge of the region’s drowning history. There is one published “C date from the dolmen located c. 100m from the stone cist (fig. 4). It concerns a sample from the base of the peat layer covering the ridge on which both monuments were located. The sample came from a depth " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062247/figure-5-the-ground-plan-of-the-stone-cist-as-documented-in"><img alt="Fig. 5. The ground plan of the stone cist as documented in a series of excavation plans (S. Jansen/E. Bolhuis, RUG/GIA) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062318/figure-6-the-pottery-funnel-beaker-no-find-nr-spatula"><img alt="Fig. 6. The pottery. Funnel beaker (no find nr.), spatula impressions (181/42 and 196/39b), Tiefstich (G5.5518), fingertip impressions (193/41 and 189/41), short-wave moulding (190/32 and 192/35) and groove lines (HK no 13) (drawings H.K. Kamstra/D.C.M. Raemaekers/M.A. Los-Weijns, RUG/GIA). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062331/figure-7-two-flakes-resulting-from-axe-production-drawing"><img alt="Fig. 7. Two flakes resulting from axe production (drawing H.K. Kamstra/M.A. Los-Weijns, RUG/GIA). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062338/figure-8-the-flint-tools-scrapers-and-arrowheads-and-large"><img alt="Fig. 8. The flint tools. Scrapers (186/45, 193/35, 147 and 191/46), arrowheads (150 and 146), large transverse arrowheads (148 and 144), blade with use retouch (194/41) and transverse arrowheads (remaining numbers) (drawings H.K. Kamstra/M.A. Los-Weijns, RUG/GIA). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062356/figure-9-the-stone-axe-drawing-kamstra-los-weijns-rug-gia"><img alt="Fig. 9. The stone axe (drawing H.K. Kamstra/M.A. Los-Weijns, RUG/ GIA). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062391/figure-10-the-amber-beads-see-the-text-for-dimensions-photo"><img alt="Fig. 10. The amber beads; see the text for dimensions (photo J. Schokker, Noordelijk Archeologisch Depot, Nuis). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062464/figure-11-activities-that-were-carried-out-in-the-area"><img alt="activities that were carried out in the area surrounding the stone cist where neither typical settlement activities nor activities typically associated with megalithic tombs. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062476/table-1-comparison-of-the-heveskesklooster-stone-cist-with"><img alt="Table 1. A comparison of the Heveskesklooster stone cist with TRB West Group counterparts. The size of the stones sets apart stone cists from their more megalithic cousins: most of the cists collected here are built of stones with a maximum dimension of less than 75 cm. The presence of capstones has not been attested for stone cists (suggesting a different roofing material), while they are typical elements of both passage graves and dolmens. The absence of stone cists with surviving capstones suggests that all stone cists were covered with wooden roofs, which may add a new criterion to the def- inition of a cist. identified stone cists range from 1.3 to 4.5 m in length and are between 0.5 and 1.6 m wide. While orthostats are part of all stone cists, a cobbled floor is found in some but not all examples. The same holds true for the pres- ence of a burial mound. No capstones have been attested for any of the monuments labelled as stone cists, which indicates that a roof of timber or other perishable mater- ial covered the chamber. The Heveskesklooster stone cist neatly fits the abovementioned characteristics. Though no burial mound could be attested, the tomb shares its dimensions as well as the presence of standing stones and a cobbled floor with most other stone cists. On the basis of the established features, the Heveskesklooster monu- ment may therefore be labelled a fairly typical example of a stone cist. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062483/table-2-the-analysis-of-the-structural-elements-underlines"><img alt="The analysis of the structural elements underlines the difficulty of identifying exclusive traits of the various tomb types. At the same time such analysis does indicate the existence of a stone cist tomb type, only to be rec- ognised when various structural elements can be identi- fied at the same time. As regards their dimensions, the " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062492/table-3-raw-material-the-primary-flint-classification-most"><img alt="Raw material Table 3. The primary flint classification. Most of the material consists of average quality flint, ranging in colour from light to darker grey. This flint seems to be of local origin, more specifically from gla- cial till deposits. However, two pieces of high quality flint have been found that are bluish-grey in colour with grey spots throughout. This type of flint is best classified as Scandinavian Senonian flint (Hégberg & Olausson 2007). Although Scandinavian Senonian flint frequently occurs in boulder clay deposits in the northern Netherlands (Beuker 2010), these particular pieces are most prob- ably not of local origin, given certain technological traits (see below). Remains of cortex are present on 118 pieces (the coverage of cortex for individual pieces has not been further specified). This high proportion of flint artefacts with cortex seem to indicate that the nodules used were of modest size, which is in line with the presumably local origin of the flint. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062500/table-4-technological-flint-characteristics-two-flakes"><img alt="Table 4. Technological flint characteristics. Two flakes deserve special attention (fig. 7). Both are large and fan-shaped, the percussion bulbs are well pronounced and the dorsal sides show scars of carefully removed flakes. A small lip at the ventral edge of the striking platform, combined with the pronounced bulb points to the application of indirect percussion. This type of flake is attributed to the production of flint flat axes (Flachbeile; Vemming Hansen & Madsen 1983; Beuker 2010). Local production of such axes has not yet been attested in the Netherlands (Beuker 2010). Hence, if this type of axe was exclusively imported during the Funnel Beaker period, the question arises as to why two large flakes connected with axe production should be present in Heveskesklooster. It is possible that they were imported as flakes, but the case may also be that they represent the reworking of imported tools. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062515/table-5-the-neolithic-stone-cist-at-heveskesklooster-prov-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062533/table-6-length-width-indices-for-the-transverse-arrowheads"><img alt="Table 6. Length-width indices for the transverse arrowheads. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062538/table-5-the-flint-tool-spectrum"><img alt="Table 5. The flint tool spectrum. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062546/table-8-the-neolithic-stone-cist-at-heveskesklooster-prov-of"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062549/table-7-continued-spectrum-the-valthe-assemblage-derives"><img alt="Table 7 continued. spectrum. The Valthe assemblage derives from a one-hec- tare area directly south of two megalithic tombs, a setting very similar to Heveskesklooster (Fens & Arnoldussen 2015). For now it is concluded that both Heveskesklooster and Valthe indicate that a bipartite classification of TRB flint assemblages into burial and settlement contexts may be too simple. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062557/table-7-comparison-of-the-heveskesklooster-flint-assemblage"><img alt="Table 7. A comparison of the Heveskesklooster flint assemblage with various Dutch TRB flint assemblages. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/51062563/table-11-the-neolithic-stone-cist-at-heveskesklooster-prov"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/50964667/table_011.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-30518741-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9e6fac4368fb5057c5ca1da663518c11" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":50964667,"asset_id":30518741,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50964667/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="30518741"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30518741"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30518741; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30518741]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30518741]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30518741; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='30518741']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9e6fac4368fb5057c5ca1da663518c11" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=30518741]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":30518741,"title":"The Neolithic stone cist at Heveskesklooster (Prov. of Groningen, the Netherlands)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"(By H.K. Kamstra, J.H.M. Peeters \u0026 D.C.M. Raemaekers.) The stone cist was a chance find resulting from the excavation of the dwelling mound (wierde) of Heveskesklooster. Owing to its location beneath this younger site and a layer of natural sediment, also the Neolithic surface surrounding the stone cist was excavated. This provided a rare opportunity to study the use of space surrounding the monument. The stone cist was probably built between 3200 and 2950 cal. BC. The flint assemblage testifies to the activities that took place in the area surrounding the stone cist. Although the particular date of these activities is difficult to correlate to the stone cist, it seems that these took place during both TRB and later Neolithic periods. The flint assemblage cannot easily be fit into a bipartite division between ritual and everyday activities. Compared to other TRB stone cists, the Heveskesklooster stone cist yielded few chamber finds. This is the first indication that later inhabitants of the site may have disturbed the content of the burial. Another can be found in the absence of some of the orthostats. Both arguments suggest that in their behaviour the Late Neolithic habitants at Heveskesklooster did not revere the stone cist burial as an ancestral place, but instead seem to have desecrated it. It is concluded that local Corded Ware communities may have had widely differing notions about the relevance of TRB monuments to their sense of ancestry and identity.","ai_title_tag":"Neolithic Stone Cist Insights at Heveskesklooster"},"translated_abstract":"(By H.K. Kamstra, J.H.M. Peeters \u0026 D.C.M. Raemaekers.) The stone cist was a chance find resulting from the excavation of the dwelling mound (wierde) of Heveskesklooster. Owing to its location beneath this younger site and a layer of natural sediment, also the Neolithic surface surrounding the stone cist was excavated. This provided a rare opportunity to study the use of space surrounding the monument. The stone cist was probably built between 3200 and 2950 cal. BC. The flint assemblage testifies to the activities that took place in the area surrounding the stone cist. Although the particular date of these activities is difficult to correlate to the stone cist, it seems that these took place during both TRB and later Neolithic periods. The flint assemblage cannot easily be fit into a bipartite division between ritual and everyday activities. Compared to other TRB stone cists, the Heveskesklooster stone cist yielded few chamber finds. This is the first indication that later inhabitants of the site may have disturbed the content of the burial. Another can be found in the absence of some of the orthostats. Both arguments suggest that in their behaviour the Late Neolithic habitants at Heveskesklooster did not revere the stone cist burial as an ancestral place, but instead seem to have desecrated it. It is concluded that local Corded Ware communities may have had widely differing notions about the relevance of TRB monuments to their sense of ancestry and identity.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30518741/The_Neolithic_stone_cist_at_Heveskesklooster_Prov_of_Groningen_the_Netherlands_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-12-19T04:35:06.128-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50964667,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/50964667/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PH_57-58_Kamstra_et_al.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50964667/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Neolithic_stone_cist_at_Heveskeskloo.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/50964667/PH_57-58_Kamstra_et_al-libre.pdf?1482151284=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Neolithic_stone_cist_at_Heveskeskloo.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720213\u0026Signature=J-Xy37GjdXtrIVgTLutHkIyUEpY22Ff5GwHMniSNPNtIoA6tI9-xI~p3t3xj1BKI6Z50fNk7Q8t6glaFALxJS1suYkeV2Cf2tBY2mXDP-hNb8c5~1XobCL8Wc30w4YCU3ssiez59FMcS~pglGHa2JBElRhMehbW9ufD0iv8USuh6KWGHzKS6fCT1qgMFpUCY~NDvjKCLVD~hCkhELsCLGZrYFcn6VHySNhz6N6pf9vxc4fnhtlcn-1VWjv~45vtCVeFvuCXlYjIgFCEuau0ynJsylkU~OaBISsagnlUmX51IzCt-WwZO55qdKqLjbkopdAxOIgbEGCLYu3XreZh~NA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Neolithic_stone_cist_at_Heveskesklooster_Prov_of_Groningen_the_Netherlands_","translated_slug":"","page_count":22,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"(By H.K. Kamstra, J.H.M. Peeters \u0026 D.C.M. Raemaekers.) The stone cist was a chance find resulting from the excavation of the dwelling mound (wierde) of Heveskesklooster. Owing to its location beneath this younger site and a layer of natural sediment, also the Neolithic surface surrounding the stone cist was excavated. This provided a rare opportunity to study the use of space surrounding the monument. The stone cist was probably built between 3200 and 2950 cal. BC. The flint assemblage testifies to the activities that took place in the area surrounding the stone cist. Although the particular date of these activities is difficult to correlate to the stone cist, it seems that these took place during both TRB and later Neolithic periods. The flint assemblage cannot easily be fit into a bipartite division between ritual and everyday activities. Compared to other TRB stone cists, the Heveskesklooster stone cist yielded few chamber finds. This is the first indication that later inhabitants of the site may have disturbed the content of the burial. Another can be found in the absence of some of the orthostats. Both arguments suggest that in their behaviour the Late Neolithic habitants at Heveskesklooster did not revere the stone cist burial as an ancestral place, but instead seem to have desecrated it. It is concluded that local Corded Ware communities may have had widely differing notions about the relevance of TRB monuments to their sense of ancestry and identity.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":50964667,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/50964667/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PH_57-58_Kamstra_et_al.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50964667/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Neolithic_stone_cist_at_Heveskeskloo.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/50964667/PH_57-58_Kamstra_et_al-libre.pdf?1482151284=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Neolithic_stone_cist_at_Heveskeskloo.pdf\u0026Expires=1743720213\u0026Signature=J-Xy37GjdXtrIVgTLutHkIyUEpY22Ff5GwHMniSNPNtIoA6tI9-xI~p3t3xj1BKI6Z50fNk7Q8t6glaFALxJS1suYkeV2Cf2tBY2mXDP-hNb8c5~1XobCL8Wc30w4YCU3ssiez59FMcS~pglGHa2JBElRhMehbW9ufD0iv8USuh6KWGHzKS6fCT1qgMFpUCY~NDvjKCLVD~hCkhELsCLGZrYFcn6VHySNhz6N6pf9vxc4fnhtlcn-1VWjv~45vtCVeFvuCXlYjIgFCEuau0ynJsylkU~OaBISsagnlUmX51IzCt-WwZO55qdKqLjbkopdAxOIgbEGCLYu3XreZh~NA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology"},{"id":17391,"name":"Megalithic Monuments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megalithic_Monuments"},{"id":25604,"name":"Funnel Beaker Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Funnel_Beaker_Culture"},{"id":26086,"name":"Neolithic Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Europe"},{"id":41906,"name":"Neolithic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-30518741-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="28736308"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/28736308/Surfn_Turf_in_Doggerland_Dating_stable_isotopes_and_diet_of_Mesolithic_human_remains_from_the_southern_North_Sea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Surf'n Turf in Doggerland: Dating, stable isotopes and diet of Mesolithic human remains from the southern North Sea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49147716/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/28736308/Surfn_Turf_in_Doggerland_Dating_stable_isotopes_and_diet_of_Mesolithic_human_remains_from_the_southern_North_Sea">Surf'n Turf in Doggerland: Dating, stable isotopes and diet of Mesolithic human remains from the southern North Sea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansvanderPlicht">Hans van der Plicht</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/MarcelNiekus">Marcel J L T Niekus</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://cultureelerfgoed.academia.edu/BjornSmit">Bjorn Smit</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The North Sea bed host remains of Pleistocene and Early Holocene landscapes that were, mostly gra...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The North Sea bed host remains of Pleistocene and Early Holocene landscapes that were, mostly gradually, inundated following the last deglaciation. Archaeological remains from the seabed obtained by fishing, dredging, and sand suppletion include human skeletal remains. Radiocarbon dating reveals that most of these are Mesolithic although a few Late Palaeolithic and historic remains are represented. Samples with known stable isotope ratios δ 13 C and δ 15 N show that Mesolithic inhabitants of 'Doggerland' had a significant component of freshwater fish in their diet. This means the 14 C dates are subject to a reservoir effect mainly determined by the freshwater bodies at the time. Because of the lack of context, the magnitude of the reservoir effect cannot be derived, so that the 14 C dates cannot be precisely calibrated to absolute ages. However, a distinct correlation is observed between the δ 15 N values and the (uncalibrated) 14 C dates, suggesting a chronological development.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="30a4d7726889f03ae14f823bb87f3955" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49147716,"asset_id":28736308,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49147716/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="28736308"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28736308"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28736308; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28736308]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28736308]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28736308; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='28736308']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "30a4d7726889f03ae14f823bb87f3955" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=28736308]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":28736308,"title":"Surf'n Turf in Doggerland: Dating, stable isotopes and diet of Mesolithic human remains from the southern North Sea","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The North Sea bed host remains of Pleistocene and Early Holocene landscapes that were, mostly gradually, inundated following the last deglaciation. 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However, a distinct correlation is observed between the δ 15 N values and the (uncalibrated) 14 C dates, suggesting a chronological development.","ai_title_tag":"Dietary Insights from Mesolithic Doggerland Remains"},"translated_abstract":"The North Sea bed host remains of Pleistocene and Early Holocene landscapes that were, mostly gradually, inundated following the last deglaciation. Archaeological remains from the seabed obtained by fishing, dredging, and sand suppletion include human skeletal remains. Radiocarbon dating reveals that most of these are Mesolithic although a few Late Palaeolithic and historic remains are represented. Samples with known stable isotope ratios δ 13 C and δ 15 N show that Mesolithic inhabitants of 'Doggerland' had a significant component of freshwater fish in their diet. This means the 14 C dates are subject to a reservoir effect mainly determined by the freshwater bodies at the time. 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In quantitative research, the problem of uncertainty is often tackled by statistical means. Archaeological spatial modeling of human behavior is no exception to this: uncertainty is largely approached from a statistical perspective (e.g., Verhagen 2007). The available data allow us to test and choose among hypotheses, using classical statistical tools, or else to establish a probability assignment over a given range of hypotheses by Bayesian means. It is common to both classical and Bayesian methods that the model precedes any such treatment of uncertainties. Hence, the uncertainty that pertains to the model itself does not normally come into view in these statistical approaches. It is precisely the model uncertainty that is at stake in our paper.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-25734236-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-25734236-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39137555/figure-3-example-of-the-large-mammal-hunting-model-for-the"><img alt="Fig. 3.3. Example of the large mammal hunting model for the 6500 BP time slice (from Peeters 2005, Fig. 8, p. 160). The environmental model for this time slice is shown in Fig. 3.2 (top left). Top left: cost/benefit surface for overwater traveling (dark = good; light=bad); top right: cost/ben- efit surface for overland traveling (dark= good; light=bad); bottom left: large mammal encounter probability (dark =high; light=low); and bottom right: perception surface for large mammal hunt- ing (dark = good; light = bad) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/46561445/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39137560/figure-3-relative-importance-percentage-on-the-vertical-axis"><img alt="Fig. 3.4 Relative importance (percentage on the vertical axis) of vegetation zones for different rates of clay accumulation in 100-year time lags (age BP on the horizontal axis). The lower right graph plots all values obtained for those vegetation zones which are affected by clay accumulation, with a clay accumulation setting between 0 and 100 % in 10 % lags " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/46561445/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39137564/figure-5-epistemic-considerations-about-uncertainty-and"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/46561445/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39137569/figure-6-epistemic-considerations-about-uncertainty-and"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/46561445/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39137575/table-3-environmental-variables-parameters-and-parameter"><img alt="Table 3.1 Environmental variables, parameters, and parameter settings of the landscape model environmental information was connected to “behavior” through a set of “if-then” decision statements. Based on archaeological data from the study area and general- ized knowledge about hunter-gatherer behavior, a range of “behaviors” was defined in connection to the virtual environments. Although the focus was primarily on some aspects of food resource acquisition and dwelling (examples summarized in Table 3.2), any sort of “behavior’—including ritual—could potentially be defined and fed into a similar framework, provided a connection can be made to the dimen- sions of our virtual world. Similarly, any defined “behavior” can be as simple or complex as one would like it to be. Drawing from the examples provided in Table 3.2, such cost/benefit rules can for instance be formulated as: " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/46561445/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39137579/table-3-example-behaviors-and-their-model-parameters"><img alt="Table 3.2. Example “behaviors” and their model parameters produced for each time slice represent “perception surfaces” (cf. Whitley 2000 instead of predictions of site location (Fig. 3.3). Where and when certain types o behavior actually occurred cannot be predicted, as this depends on decisions tha were made on the basis of many factors at the “ethnographic scale” (e.g., occurrenc« of game, hunter’s experience, perceived gain and needs). These factors were in con stant fluctuation at a temporal and spatial scale that is unattainable in the specific model environment outlined above (already our 100-year time slices easily includ three generations of hunter-gatherers). Indeed, the problem of temporal resolutio1 provides a major factor of uncertainty with regard to the understanding of the archaeological record (Bailey 2007; Holdaway and Wandschnider 2008), and on« that can only be approached through computational modeling as a means to build « link between “ethnographic” and “archaeological” time. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/46561445/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39137543/figure-3-generalized-relationship-between-modeling"><img alt="Fig. 3.1 Generalized relationship between modeling approaches and purpose/goal. Black dots represent a certain prevalence of one approach over another " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/46561445/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39137549/figure-3-time-series-of-paleogeographical-reconstructions"><img alt="Fig. 3.2. Time-series of paleogeographical reconstructions based on the Flevoland environmental model with clay accumulation set at 20 % (see Table 3.1). Grid cells measure 500x500 m (from Peeters 2005, Fig. 4, p. 156) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/46561445/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-25734236-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bec1b1e98e6d4c5890ec2d543edbf563" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":46561445,"asset_id":25734236,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46561445/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="25734236"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="25734236"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25734236; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25734236]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25734236]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25734236; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='25734236']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bec1b1e98e6d4c5890ec2d543edbf563" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=25734236]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":25734236,"title":"Epistemic Considerations About Uncertainty and Model Selection in Computational Archaeology: A Case Study on Exploratory Modeling","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Uncertainty is an integral aspect of all scientific models in any field of application: we are mostly unsure which hypothesis is adequate as a means of predicting, representing, or reconstructing the system of interest. 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Dit rapport heeft betrekking op het vuursteenmateriaal van de site. Het onderzoek was gericht op de (re)constructie van het lithisch technisch systeem, 2 een algemene functionele interpretatie en de vergelijking met andere neolithische vondstcomplexen in dezelfde regio. Afgezien van het vuursteen komen ook artefacten van andere grondstoffen (zoals kwarsieten) aan de orde die direct relateerbaar zijn aan het vuursteenmateriaal; het betreft bijl(fragment)en en klopstenen.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2533624cccaa5664d100d6226aca5e0b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":61034581,"asset_id":40753148,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61034581/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40753148"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40753148"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40753148; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40753148]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40753148]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40753148; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40753148']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2533624cccaa5664d100d6226aca5e0b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40753148]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40753148,"title":"Het vuursteenmateriaal van de trechterbekervindplaats Bouwlust bij Slootdorp","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In 1990 werd bij Slootdorp (gemeente Wieringermeer, Noord-Holland) een vindplaats ontdekt die op basis van het aardewerk aan de Trechterbekercultuur (TRB) kon worden toegeschreven. Dit rapport heeft betrekking op het vuursteenmateriaal van de site. Het onderzoek was gericht op de (re)constructie van het lithisch technisch systeem, 2 een algemene functionele interpretatie en de vergelijking met andere neolithische vondstcomplexen in dezelfde regio. Afgezien van het vuursteen komen ook artefacten van andere grondstoffen (zoals kwarsieten) aan de orde die direct relateerbaar zijn aan het vuursteenmateriaal; het betreft bijl(fragment)en en klopstenen.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2001,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nederlandse Archeologische Rapporten 21"},"translated_abstract":"In 1990 werd bij Slootdorp (gemeente Wieringermeer, Noord-Holland) een vindplaats ontdekt die op basis van het aardewerk aan de Trechterbekercultuur (TRB) kon worden toegeschreven. Dit rapport heeft betrekking op het vuursteenmateriaal van de site. Het onderzoek was gericht op de (re)constructie van het lithisch technisch systeem, 2 een algemene functionele interpretatie en de vergelijking met andere neolithische vondstcomplexen in dezelfde regio. 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Opmeer, prov. Noord-Holland) behelst de analyse van het vuursteenmateriaal. Het betreft een kleine vondstcategorie (n=1225) die echter samen met de andere artefactcategorieën, i.c. aardewerk, barnsteen, natuursteen en benen werktuigen een onlosmakelijk onderdeel vormt van het materieel-culturele systeem en daarom evenveel aandacht verdient als die andere categorieën. De analyse van het vuursteen van Mienakker is gericht op het vaststellen van het technisch systeem en de organisatie van de vuursteeneconomie.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7b60ee032a53c4801191d97ef5fc0737" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":61034563,"asset_id":40753111,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61034563/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40753111"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40753111"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40753111; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40753111]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40753111]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40753111; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40753111']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7b60ee032a53c4801191d97ef5fc0737" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40753111]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40753111,"title":"Het lithisch materiaal van Mienakker: Technologische organisatie en typologie","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Een van de aspecten van het onderzoek van de EGK (Enkelgrafcultuur)-neder zetting Mienakker (Hoogwoud, gem. 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Het betreft een kleine vondstcategorie (n=1225) die echter samen met de andere artefactcategorieën, i.c. aardewerk, barnsteen, natuursteen en benen werktuigen een onlosmakelijk onderdeel vormt van het materieel-culturele systeem en daarom evenveel aandacht verdient als die andere categorieën. De analyse van het vuursteen van Mienakker is gericht op het vaststellen van het technisch systeem en de organisatie van de vuursteeneconomie. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40753111/Het_lithisch_materiaal_van_Mienakker_Technologische_organisatie_en_typologie","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-10-27T07:32:39.210-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61034563,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61034563/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Peeters_2001_Laat-Neolithisch_vuursteen_Mienakker20191027-69879-1dvbsds.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61034563/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Het_lithisch_materiaal_van_Mienakker_Tec.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61034563/Peeters_2001_Laat-Neolithisch_vuursteen_Mienakker20191027-69879-1dvbsds-libre.pdf?1572187776=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHet_lithisch_materiaal_van_Mienakker_Tec.pdf\u0026Expires=1743484966\u0026Signature=e-hafoc1Ff2RUnSU20J8DhbkMomtnbo5YpWqlNL9Bp94bIzSIvoIvSm-1c8JTl8on7-DJh4MdrETpeFhcStmLSRh9z7nlQwa43GBbNX097J487lLldwSmck0XFI5zFbRF5g1FJuAKqXni5MwBrEpGv7w7-sx7DOxyadNYkqr0vmg~l5k9t5g3z3vymij68z6BK4QvrMjDL6hzI29eMEXlpaIj5RrLejONR909K3Jtj57O8cNBWiDtyg44mRO2m6qk2rQxXRTh-DjnUR5VkdBrVzwzysBnvoJpERw5EeWaV4RC~YBXig1CP~h7mt3L05o3TthizMXz1A8uCEoknDgKA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Het_lithisch_materiaal_van_Mienakker_Technologische_organisatie_en_typologie","translated_slug":"","page_count":146,"language":"nl","content_type":"Work","summary":"Een van de aspecten van het onderzoek van de EGK (Enkelgrafcultuur)-neder zetting Mienakker (Hoogwoud, gem. 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De analyse van dit materiaal had tot doel algemeen inzicht te krijgen in de aard en ouderdom van de vindplaatsen. 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Door het inventariseren van oppervlaktevondsten in particuliere collecties, kon de aanwezigheid van vermoedelijk bandkeramische vuursteenontginners en -bewerkers in en nabij de grubbe worden aangetoond. 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Enkele opmerkingen over de intentionele en accidentele verhitting van vuursteen" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/30733327/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/2765329/Een_verhitte_discussie_over_vuursteen_of_een_discussie_over_verhitte_vuursteen_Enkele_opmerkingen_over_de_intentionele_en_accidentele_verhitting_van_vuursteen">Een verhitte discussie over vuursteen, of een discussie over verhitte vuursteen? Enkele opmerkingen over de intentionele en accidentele verhitting van vuursteen</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Archeologie, no. 10</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e41bbdb3e77cb6511d63025c84ed6e23" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":30733327,"asset_id":2765329,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30733327/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="2765329"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2765329"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2765329; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2765329]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2765329]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2765329; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='2765329']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e41bbdb3e77cb6511d63025c84ed6e23" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=2765329]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":2765329,"title":"Een verhitte discussie over vuursteen, of een discussie over verhitte vuursteen? 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-40500847-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="397078" id="reports"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99692717"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99692717/12_000_Jaar_geschiedenis_op_het_Lunette_eiland"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 12.000 Jaar geschiedenis op het Lunette-eiland" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100714747/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99692717/12_000_Jaar_geschiedenis_op_het_Lunette_eiland">12.000 Jaar geschiedenis op het Lunette-eiland</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Zutphense Archeologische Publicaties 156</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In dit rapport zijn de resultaten van twee veldwerkcampagnes op het jeugdgevangenisterrein te Zut...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In dit rapport zijn de resultaten van twee veldwerkcampagnes op het jeugdgevangenisterrein te Zutphen gepresenteerd, te weten het proefsleuvenonderzoek (JGT2020) dat is uitgevoerd in januari 2020 en de opgraving (JGT2022) dat is uitgevoerd in mei 2022. Het doel van het proefsleuvenonderzoek was het opsporen van archeologische resten en deze per vindplaats te onderzoeken op aard, conservering en datering om daarmee een selectiebesluit van het bevoegde gezag mogelijk te maken over eventueel vervolgonderzoek. Uit dit onderzoek is gebleken dat delen van het terrein behoudenswaardige resten bevatten, delen van het terrein verstoord zijn en delen van het terrein een lage archeologische waarde hebben. Deze bevinden zijn verwoord in een uitgebreid evaluatie- en selectierapport. Voor het vervolgonderzoek is door het bevoegd gezag het selectiebesluit genomen om de delen met behoudenswaardige archeologische resten, die verstoord gaan worden door de nieuwbouw, archeologisch te onderzoeken doormiddel van een opgraving. Tevens is besloten om de onderzoeksresultaten uit te werken en te presenteren in één onderzoeksrapport.<br />Tijdens het onderzoek zijn twee steentijdvindplaatsen aangetroffen: van de Ahrensburgercultuur en de Vlaardingercultuur. Beide perioden zijn in Zutphen nooit eerder aangetroffen en daarom zeer bijzonder. Daarnaast zijn er bewoningssporen uit de ijzertijd aangetroffen en sporen van agrarische activiteiten uit de middeleeuwen en vroege nieuwe tijd. De eerste grootschalige ingrepen in het terrein vonden pas laat in de 18e eeuw plaats bij het aanleggen van een vestinglinie. Laat in de 19e eeuw werd er in die vestinglinie een gevangenis gebouwd die later de jeugdgevangenis werd. Het terrein van deze jeugdgevangenis blijft als een relict uit het verleden behouden en wordt ontwikkeld door BijOnt tot een nieuwe wijk in het Waterkwartier.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bed5fbee19e6ddbfdf405b91597f4dc2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100714747,"asset_id":99692717,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100714747/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99692717"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99692717"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99692717; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99692717]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99692717]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99692717; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99692717']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bed5fbee19e6ddbfdf405b91597f4dc2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99692717]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99692717,"title":"12.000 Jaar geschiedenis op het Lunette-eiland","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In dit rapport zijn de resultaten van twee veldwerkcampagnes op het jeugdgevangenisterrein te Zutphen gepresenteerd, te weten het proefsleuvenonderzoek (JGT2020) dat is uitgevoerd in januari 2020 en de opgraving (JGT2022) dat is uitgevoerd in mei 2022. Het doel van het proefsleuvenonderzoek was het opsporen van archeologische resten en deze per vindplaats te onderzoeken op aard, conservering en datering om daarmee een selectiebesluit van het bevoegde gezag mogelijk te maken over eventueel vervolgonderzoek. Uit dit onderzoek is gebleken dat delen van het terrein behoudenswaardige resten bevatten, delen van het terrein verstoord zijn en delen van het terrein een lage archeologische waarde hebben. Deze bevinden zijn verwoord in een uitgebreid evaluatie- en selectierapport. Voor het vervolgonderzoek is door het bevoegd gezag het selectiebesluit genomen om de delen met behoudenswaardige archeologische resten, die verstoord gaan worden door de nieuwbouw, archeologisch te onderzoeken doormiddel van een opgraving. Tevens is besloten om de onderzoeksresultaten uit te werken en te presenteren in één onderzoeksrapport.\nTijdens het onderzoek zijn twee steentijdvindplaatsen aangetroffen: van de Ahrensburgercultuur en de Vlaardingercultuur. 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Het doel van het proefsleuvenonderzoek was het opsporen van archeologische resten en deze per vindplaats te onderzoeken op aard, conservering en datering om daarmee een selectiebesluit van het bevoegde gezag mogelijk te maken over eventueel vervolgonderzoek. Uit dit onderzoek is gebleken dat delen van het terrein behoudenswaardige resten bevatten, delen van het terrein verstoord zijn en delen van het terrein een lage archeologische waarde hebben. Deze bevinden zijn verwoord in een uitgebreid evaluatie- en selectierapport. Voor het vervolgonderzoek is door het bevoegd gezag het selectiebesluit genomen om de delen met behoudenswaardige archeologische resten, die verstoord gaan worden door de nieuwbouw, archeologisch te onderzoeken doormiddel van een opgraving. Tevens is besloten om de onderzoeksresultaten uit te werken en te presenteren in één onderzoeksrapport.\nTijdens het onderzoek zijn twee steentijdvindplaatsen aangetroffen: van de Ahrensburgercultuur en de Vlaardingercultuur. 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De evaluatie, in feite een waardering gekoppeld aan een evaluatie, heeft voor een deel tijdens het veldwerk plaatsgevonden. Op dat moment had dit onderzoek vooral tot doel om een globaal kwalitatief en kwantitatief overzicht van de lithische component te krijgen, ten einde de opgravingsstrategie (bijv. aantal vlakken, ligging van de uitbreidingen et cetera, zie ook §2.4 en hoofdstuk 4) mede te kunnen sturen. De rest van de waardering en de typo-technologische analyse heeft plaatsgevonden over een periode van meerdere maanden in het najaar van 2017 en het voorjaar van 2018. In dit hoofdstuk doen wij verslag van dit onderzoek naar de vuurstenen artefacten van Kampen-Reevediep vindplaats 9. Vanwege het bijzondere karakter van de vindplaats, en dan met name de ontdekking van één van de weinige en best bewaarde mesolithische woonstructuren van Nederland met bijbehorende materiële neerslag, is er voor gekozen om de nadruk van de uitwerking van het lithische vondstmateriaal op het materiaal uit deze woonstructuur te leggen. De opgravingseenheden X1 en X2 en het tussenliggende gebied dat beide clusters met elkaar verbindt, de 'periferie' genoemd, spelen een centrale rol in ons verhaal vanwege de te verwachten kenniswinst voor het onderzoek naar het Mesolithicum in Nederland. In dit deel van de opgraving bevinden zich namelijk een aantal nagenoeg compleet opgegraven vuursteenconcentraties, waaronder één met microlieten met oppervlakteretouche, waaronder zogeheten maretakspitsen (feuilles de gui), die kenmerkend zijn voor het Midden-Mesolithicum van het Rijn-Maas-Schelde gebied (X1) en een laatmesolithische concentratie met bovengenoemde woonstructuur (X2). Wat de vuursteenanalyses betreft hebben we het accent verlegd van een puur typologische classificatie in combinatie met een statische beschrijving van metrische en niet-metrische technologische variabelen naar een meer dynamische benadering gericht op het zichtbaar maken van de chaîne opératoire van de klingproductie. Een belangrijk uitgangspunt van dit onderzoek is om de typologische en technologische integriteit of homogeniteit te analyseren, ter ondersteuning van de vraag naar het functioneel-ruimtelijke karakter van deze eenheden. Anders gezegd, de artefactconcentraties bieden de mogelijkheid om meer grip te krijgen op onder meer de typochronologische ontwikkeling van het Mesolithicum en om zicht te krijgen op technologische variabiliteit en de betekenis hiervan in chronologische of culturele termen. Afgezien van een korte bespreking van de lithische assemblages zullen we waar zinvol in onze vergelijkende onderzoek ook refereren aan de clusters Y1, Y2 en Y3. De toevalsvondsten van P1 die gedateerd moeten worden in de overgangsperiode van het Paleolithicum naar het Mesolithicum bespreken we aan het einde van dit hoofdstuk. De vuurstenen artefacten uit de grondsporen komen in §9.4 aan bod. Als eerste wordt de door ons gevolgde werkwijze en methodiek (§5.2) uiteengezet. In §5.3 bespreken we na de definitie en afbakening van de verschillende deelgebieden en/of vondstconcentraties de resultaten van onze analyses. Daarna volgen de verschillende clusters. Van de vlakvondsten zijn alleen de werktuigen beschreven en artefacten die tot de laatpaleolithische bewoningsfase gerekend moeten worden. Laatstgenoemde komen in §5.3.8 aan bod. Gezien de geringe informatiewaarde laten we de overige vlakvondsten buiten beschouwing.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4c2e3572341d878ac4cf50d83ca58328" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59407268,"asset_id":39272185,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59407268/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39272185"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39272185"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39272185; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39272185]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39272185]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39272185; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39272185']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4c2e3572341d878ac4cf50d83ca58328" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39272185]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39272185,"title":"Het vuursteen van Kampen-Reevediep: typologische kenmerken, technologische aspecten, ruimtelijke spreiding en datering","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":" Inleiding Het onderzoek naar de vuurstenen artefacten van de definitieve opgraving-de vondsten van het proefsleuvenonderzoek worden uitgebreid besproken in het rapport van het proefsleuvenonderzoek-was opgedeeld in twee fasen, namelijk een evaluatiefase en een uitwerkingsfase. De evaluatie, in feite een waardering gekoppeld aan een evaluatie, heeft voor een deel tijdens het veldwerk plaatsgevonden. Op dat moment had dit onderzoek vooral tot doel om een globaal kwalitatief en kwantitatief overzicht van de lithische component te krijgen, ten einde de opgravingsstrategie (bijv. aantal vlakken, ligging van de uitbreidingen et cetera, zie ook §2.4 en hoofdstuk 4) mede te kunnen sturen. De rest van de waardering en de typo-technologische analyse heeft plaatsgevonden over een periode van meerdere maanden in het najaar van 2017 en het voorjaar van 2018. In dit hoofdstuk doen wij verslag van dit onderzoek naar de vuurstenen artefacten van Kampen-Reevediep vindplaats 9. Vanwege het bijzondere karakter van de vindplaats, en dan met name de ontdekking van één van de weinige en best bewaarde mesolithische woonstructuren van Nederland met bijbehorende materiële neerslag, is er voor gekozen om de nadruk van de uitwerking van het lithische vondstmateriaal op het materiaal uit deze woonstructuur te leggen. De opgravingseenheden X1 en X2 en het tussenliggende gebied dat beide clusters met elkaar verbindt, de 'periferie' genoemd, spelen een centrale rol in ons verhaal vanwege de te verwachten kenniswinst voor het onderzoek naar het Mesolithicum in Nederland. In dit deel van de opgraving bevinden zich namelijk een aantal nagenoeg compleet opgegraven vuursteenconcentraties, waaronder één met microlieten met oppervlakteretouche, waaronder zogeheten maretakspitsen (feuilles de gui), die kenmerkend zijn voor het Midden-Mesolithicum van het Rijn-Maas-Schelde gebied (X1) en een laatmesolithische concentratie met bovengenoemde woonstructuur (X2). Wat de vuursteenanalyses betreft hebben we het accent verlegd van een puur typologische classificatie in combinatie met een statische beschrijving van metrische en niet-metrische technologische variabelen naar een meer dynamische benadering gericht op het zichtbaar maken van de chaîne opératoire van de klingproductie. Een belangrijk uitgangspunt van dit onderzoek is om de typologische en technologische integriteit of homogeniteit te analyseren, ter ondersteuning van de vraag naar het functioneel-ruimtelijke karakter van deze eenheden. Anders gezegd, de artefactconcentraties bieden de mogelijkheid om meer grip te krijgen op onder meer de typochronologische ontwikkeling van het Mesolithicum en om zicht te krijgen op technologische variabiliteit en de betekenis hiervan in chronologische of culturele termen. Afgezien van een korte bespreking van de lithische assemblages zullen we waar zinvol in onze vergelijkende onderzoek ook refereren aan de clusters Y1, Y2 en Y3. De toevalsvondsten van P1 die gedateerd moeten worden in de overgangsperiode van het Paleolithicum naar het Mesolithicum bespreken we aan het einde van dit hoofdstuk. De vuurstenen artefacten uit de grondsporen komen in §9.4 aan bod. Als eerste wordt de door ons gevolgde werkwijze en methodiek (§5.2) uiteengezet. In §5.3 bespreken we na de definitie en afbakening van de verschillende deelgebieden en/of vondstconcentraties de resultaten van onze analyses. Daarna volgen de verschillende clusters. Van de vlakvondsten zijn alleen de werktuigen beschreven en artefacten die tot de laatpaleolithische bewoningsfase gerekend moeten worden. Laatstgenoemde komen in §5.3.8 aan bod. Gezien de geringe informatiewaarde laten we de overige vlakvondsten buiten beschouwing.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Mesolithische kampen onder de oever van het Reevediep "},"translated_abstract":" Inleiding Het onderzoek naar de vuurstenen artefacten van de definitieve opgraving-de vondsten van het proefsleuvenonderzoek worden uitgebreid besproken in het rapport van het proefsleuvenonderzoek-was opgedeeld in twee fasen, namelijk een evaluatiefase en een uitwerkingsfase. De evaluatie, in feite een waardering gekoppeld aan een evaluatie, heeft voor een deel tijdens het veldwerk plaatsgevonden. Op dat moment had dit onderzoek vooral tot doel om een globaal kwalitatief en kwantitatief overzicht van de lithische component te krijgen, ten einde de opgravingsstrategie (bijv. aantal vlakken, ligging van de uitbreidingen et cetera, zie ook §2.4 en hoofdstuk 4) mede te kunnen sturen. De rest van de waardering en de typo-technologische analyse heeft plaatsgevonden over een periode van meerdere maanden in het najaar van 2017 en het voorjaar van 2018. In dit hoofdstuk doen wij verslag van dit onderzoek naar de vuurstenen artefacten van Kampen-Reevediep vindplaats 9. Vanwege het bijzondere karakter van de vindplaats, en dan met name de ontdekking van één van de weinige en best bewaarde mesolithische woonstructuren van Nederland met bijbehorende materiële neerslag, is er voor gekozen om de nadruk van de uitwerking van het lithische vondstmateriaal op het materiaal uit deze woonstructuur te leggen. De opgravingseenheden X1 en X2 en het tussenliggende gebied dat beide clusters met elkaar verbindt, de 'periferie' genoemd, spelen een centrale rol in ons verhaal vanwege de te verwachten kenniswinst voor het onderzoek naar het Mesolithicum in Nederland. In dit deel van de opgraving bevinden zich namelijk een aantal nagenoeg compleet opgegraven vuursteenconcentraties, waaronder één met microlieten met oppervlakteretouche, waaronder zogeheten maretakspitsen (feuilles de gui), die kenmerkend zijn voor het Midden-Mesolithicum van het Rijn-Maas-Schelde gebied (X1) en een laatmesolithische concentratie met bovengenoemde woonstructuur (X2). Wat de vuursteenanalyses betreft hebben we het accent verlegd van een puur typologische classificatie in combinatie met een statische beschrijving van metrische en niet-metrische technologische variabelen naar een meer dynamische benadering gericht op het zichtbaar maken van de chaîne opératoire van de klingproductie. Een belangrijk uitgangspunt van dit onderzoek is om de typologische en technologische integriteit of homogeniteit te analyseren, ter ondersteuning van de vraag naar het functioneel-ruimtelijke karakter van deze eenheden. Anders gezegd, de artefactconcentraties bieden de mogelijkheid om meer grip te krijgen op onder meer de typochronologische ontwikkeling van het Mesolithicum en om zicht te krijgen op technologische variabiliteit en de betekenis hiervan in chronologische of culturele termen. Afgezien van een korte bespreking van de lithische assemblages zullen we waar zinvol in onze vergelijkende onderzoek ook refereren aan de clusters Y1, Y2 en Y3. De toevalsvondsten van P1 die gedateerd moeten worden in de overgangsperiode van het Paleolithicum naar het Mesolithicum bespreken we aan het einde van dit hoofdstuk. De vuurstenen artefacten uit de grondsporen komen in §9.4 aan bod. Als eerste wordt de door ons gevolgde werkwijze en methodiek (§5.2) uiteengezet. In §5.3 bespreken we na de definitie en afbakening van de verschillende deelgebieden en/of vondstconcentraties de resultaten van onze analyses. Daarna volgen de verschillende clusters. Van de vlakvondsten zijn alleen de werktuigen beschreven en artefacten die tot de laatpaleolithische bewoningsfase gerekend moeten worden. Laatstgenoemde komen in §5.3.8 aan bod. Gezien de geringe informatiewaarde laten we de overige vlakvondsten buiten beschouwing.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39272185/Het_vuursteen_van_Kampen_Reevediep_typologische_kenmerken_technologische_aspecten_ruimtelijke_spreiding_en_datering","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-05-27T02:55:06.405-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":32639228,"work_id":39272185,"tagging_user_id":1014628,"tagged_user_id":1567576,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***s@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Groningen","display_order":1,"name":"Marcel J L T Niekus","title":"Het vuursteen van Kampen-Reevediep: typologische kenmerken, technologische aspecten, ruimtelijke spreiding en datering"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59407268,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59407268/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Niekus_Peeters_Verneau_Vuursteen_Kampen_Reevediep20190527-97878-2y4yil.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59407268/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Het_vuursteen_van_Kampen_Reevediep_typol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59407268/Niekus_Peeters_Verneau_Vuursteen_Kampen_Reevediep20190527-97878-2y4yil-libre.pdf?1558951344=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHet_vuursteen_van_Kampen_Reevediep_typol.pdf\u0026Expires=1743610156\u0026Signature=Scm4fAcUIC5IutEcWE2ckxFCoYHOpeXU4j2U5h1k8Ykj0Ci4QRanqdoegqqa8Bza-O2Z1rlg5bB9WkObyYqY7G~VYnBnwXSYy~BCOTggVqyhXj2LBpcYtoAS3XpxTgnEeIkrt0GY1Bx15StHX87z5HBCFV-4~fn5NOeRGT1rvcVvR95oQT~yQocHyumlD8qFcUK6iAF880t4sd7UUvWVlB4klS~yTsvFnqQFWzWWO~1NIKbmlpdXmy-E~HBYShXo7CC5A0eRifcpLFhtvyEUSIs6KqA5-gbBHy-5AMdMac8P8dLB0nMwprWR24TJZlUe7v4ggvWICOMdq4R8nBIopQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Het_vuursteen_van_Kampen_Reevediep_typologische_kenmerken_technologische_aspecten_ruimtelijke_spreiding_en_datering","translated_slug":"","page_count":72,"language":"nl","content_type":"Work","summary":" Inleiding Het onderzoek naar de vuurstenen artefacten van de definitieve opgraving-de vondsten van het proefsleuvenonderzoek worden uitgebreid besproken in het rapport van het proefsleuvenonderzoek-was opgedeeld in twee fasen, namelijk een evaluatiefase en een uitwerkingsfase. De evaluatie, in feite een waardering gekoppeld aan een evaluatie, heeft voor een deel tijdens het veldwerk plaatsgevonden. Op dat moment had dit onderzoek vooral tot doel om een globaal kwalitatief en kwantitatief overzicht van de lithische component te krijgen, ten einde de opgravingsstrategie (bijv. aantal vlakken, ligging van de uitbreidingen et cetera, zie ook §2.4 en hoofdstuk 4) mede te kunnen sturen. De rest van de waardering en de typo-technologische analyse heeft plaatsgevonden over een periode van meerdere maanden in het najaar van 2017 en het voorjaar van 2018. In dit hoofdstuk doen wij verslag van dit onderzoek naar de vuurstenen artefacten van Kampen-Reevediep vindplaats 9. Vanwege het bijzondere karakter van de vindplaats, en dan met name de ontdekking van één van de weinige en best bewaarde mesolithische woonstructuren van Nederland met bijbehorende materiële neerslag, is er voor gekozen om de nadruk van de uitwerking van het lithische vondstmateriaal op het materiaal uit deze woonstructuur te leggen. De opgravingseenheden X1 en X2 en het tussenliggende gebied dat beide clusters met elkaar verbindt, de 'periferie' genoemd, spelen een centrale rol in ons verhaal vanwege de te verwachten kenniswinst voor het onderzoek naar het Mesolithicum in Nederland. In dit deel van de opgraving bevinden zich namelijk een aantal nagenoeg compleet opgegraven vuursteenconcentraties, waaronder één met microlieten met oppervlakteretouche, waaronder zogeheten maretakspitsen (feuilles de gui), die kenmerkend zijn voor het Midden-Mesolithicum van het Rijn-Maas-Schelde gebied (X1) en een laatmesolithische concentratie met bovengenoemde woonstructuur (X2). Wat de vuursteenanalyses betreft hebben we het accent verlegd van een puur typologische classificatie in combinatie met een statische beschrijving van metrische en niet-metrische technologische variabelen naar een meer dynamische benadering gericht op het zichtbaar maken van de chaîne opératoire van de klingproductie. Een belangrijk uitgangspunt van dit onderzoek is om de typologische en technologische integriteit of homogeniteit te analyseren, ter ondersteuning van de vraag naar het functioneel-ruimtelijke karakter van deze eenheden. Anders gezegd, de artefactconcentraties bieden de mogelijkheid om meer grip te krijgen op onder meer de typochronologische ontwikkeling van het Mesolithicum en om zicht te krijgen op technologische variabiliteit en de betekenis hiervan in chronologische of culturele termen. Afgezien van een korte bespreking van de lithische assemblages zullen we waar zinvol in onze vergelijkende onderzoek ook refereren aan de clusters Y1, Y2 en Y3. De toevalsvondsten van P1 die gedateerd moeten worden in de overgangsperiode van het Paleolithicum naar het Mesolithicum bespreken we aan het einde van dit hoofdstuk. De vuurstenen artefacten uit de grondsporen komen in §9.4 aan bod. Als eerste wordt de door ons gevolgde werkwijze en methodiek (§5.2) uiteengezet. In §5.3 bespreken we na de definitie en afbakening van de verschillende deelgebieden en/of vondstconcentraties de resultaten van onze analyses. Daarna volgen de verschillende clusters. Van de vlakvondsten zijn alleen de werktuigen beschreven en artefacten die tot de laatpaleolithische bewoningsfase gerekend moeten worden. Laatstgenoemde komen in §5.3.8 aan bod. Gezien de geringe informatiewaarde laten we de overige vlakvondsten buiten beschouwing.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":59407268,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59407268/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Niekus_Peeters_Verneau_Vuursteen_Kampen_Reevediep20190527-97878-2y4yil.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59407268/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Het_vuursteen_van_Kampen_Reevediep_typol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59407268/Niekus_Peeters_Verneau_Vuursteen_Kampen_Reevediep20190527-97878-2y4yil-libre.pdf?1558951344=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHet_vuursteen_van_Kampen_Reevediep_typol.pdf\u0026Expires=1743610156\u0026Signature=Scm4fAcUIC5IutEcWE2ckxFCoYHOpeXU4j2U5h1k8Ykj0Ci4QRanqdoegqqa8Bza-O2Z1rlg5bB9WkObyYqY7G~VYnBnwXSYy~BCOTggVqyhXj2LBpcYtoAS3XpxTgnEeIkrt0GY1Bx15StHX87z5HBCFV-4~fn5NOeRGT1rvcVvR95oQT~yQocHyumlD8qFcUK6iAF880t4sd7UUvWVlB4klS~yTsvFnqQFWzWWO~1NIKbmlpdXmy-E~HBYShXo7CC5A0eRifcpLFhtvyEUSIs6KqA5-gbBHy-5AMdMac8P8dLB0nMwprWR24TJZlUe7v4ggvWICOMdq4R8nBIopQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-39272185-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="2552154"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/2552154/2006_De_vroege_prehistorie"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 2006. De vroege prehistorie" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57185435/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/2552154/2006_De_vroege_prehistorie">2006. De vroege prehistorie</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://cultureelerfgoed.academia.edu/EelcoRensink">Eelco Rensink</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LVerhart">Leo Verhart</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/DaanRaemaekers">Daan Raemaekers</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This publication gives an overview of research themes and questions collected as starting point f...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This publication gives an overview of research themes and questions collected as starting point for future AHM projects in the Netherlands.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ffd5e543503e16e54f0bf1b77b28ded5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57185435,"asset_id":2552154,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57185435/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="2552154"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2552154"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2552154; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2552154]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2552154]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2552154; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='2552154']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ffd5e543503e16e54f0bf1b77b28ded5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=2552154]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":2552154,"title":"2006. 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Fokkens 2008: Archeologische Prospectie (Nationale Onderzoekagenda Archeologie, hoofdstuk 6, versie 1.0).</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://cultureelerfgoed.academia.edu/BertGroenewoudt">Bert Groenewoudt</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters">Hans Peeters</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>noaa.nl</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="004f1ccf60ca80bc91af863b9b46dd83" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":15974288,"asset_id":1617432,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/15974288/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="1617432"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1617432"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1617432; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1617432]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1617432]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1617432; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='1617432']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "004f1ccf60ca80bc91af863b9b46dd83" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=1617432]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":1617432,"title":"Kattenberg, A., A. de Kraker, C. 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Verneau and M. Admiraal. This report (in Dutch) describes the flint assemblage from the M...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">With S. Verneau and M. Admiraal. 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This report (in Dutch) provides a detailed description of the Mesolithic and Early Neolithic (Early Swifterbant) flint assemblage.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[{"id":53133682,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53133682/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"RAM_79_18_Hoge_Vaart-A27.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53133682/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_flint_material_from_Hoge_Vaart_A27.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/53133682/RAM_79_18_Hoge_Vaart-A27-libre.pdf?1494853634=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_flint_material_from_Hoge_Vaart_A27.pdf\u0026Expires=1743484967\u0026Signature=HX4ngB~CjqBYRMSafMCR15ayr9jNoB~cizR2HiniV7B2h8fD~ZuHC46XpJzJDgFpbG3TY05VuB0bMWu6xxh3Mbt5xSqifwuVWP7JJ1DGMmpKSLiPxDTVhaNdzKtestDh0UCxU8FnscaA68FfUr9vq~kCzGn6vYNkm~0WQ4mxLa3CHQKMcCghY9kjYa1mR-lX5hen02~cbURl4sbzP7CCL8jBQxUcaJpnjYG7zm1ZAy64mkiLV~qr8en3QF9ZDt7QsqU6C-t-r3OIHbtbswKlzqFebNkKXsI8~QtVzzKe87Sr-cJTq~iN1cBgR39m3CUhK95oqWkiDmK5bnK9z44ykg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":15328,"name":"Use Wear Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Use_Wear_Analysis"},{"id":19728,"name":"Lithic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithic_Technology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33022627-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="1461811"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/1461811/Synthesis_volume_of_the_Hoge_Vaart_A27_report"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis volume of the Hoge Vaart-A27 report" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/11449312/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/1461811/Synthesis_volume_of_the_Hoge_Vaart_A27_report">Synthesis volume of the Hoge Vaart-A27 report</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This report offers the synthesis of the results of the excavation of the Mesolithic to Early Neol...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This report offers the synthesis of the results of the excavation of the Mesolithic to Early Neolithic site of Hoge Vaart-A27. The excavation of the site of Hoge Vaart-A27 (Almere, the Netherlands) has produced a rich body of archaeological and palaeoenvironmental data from the Mesolithic and Early Neolithic. The site has delivered one of the earliest forms of Swifterbant pottery and provides high-resolution insights in the particular use of this locale in the context of a drowning landscape.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e47e2e9fa1a893dfd8edb05c48f17e43" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":11449312,"asset_id":1461811,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/11449312/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="1461811"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1461811"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1461811; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1461811]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1461811]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1461811; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='1461811']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e47e2e9fa1a893dfd8edb05c48f17e43" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=1461811]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":1461811,"title":"Synthesis volume of the Hoge Vaart-A27 report","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This report offers the synthesis of the results of the excavation of the Mesolithic to Early Neolithic site of Hoge Vaart-A27. 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Gedachten over het landschapsgebruik van jager-verzamelaars in het Mesolithicum" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118617649/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124380974/Van_stip_tot_landschap_Gedachten_over_het_landschapsgebruik_van_jager_verzamelaars_in_het_Mesolithicum">Van stip tot landschap. Gedachten over het landschapsgebruik van jager-verzamelaars in het Mesolithicum</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>De logica van het landschap</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Het archeologische beeld dat van jager-verzamelaars wordt geschetst is er doorgaans een van mense...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Het archeologische beeld dat van jager-verzamelaars wordt geschetst is er doorgaans een van mensen die voor hun bestaan afhankelijk zijn van wat de natuur te bieden heeft, met de verwerving van voedsel als belangrijkste activiteit. Dit eenzijdige beeld is sterk ingegeven door de Westerse scheiding tussen ‘cultuur’ en ‘natuur’, en beperkte aandacht voor archeologische vindplaatsen in een ruimer landschappelijk verband. Door te kijken naar het lange termijn gebruik van locaties en verschillende landschapszones kunnen andere perspectieven worden gegeven die niet alleen iets zeggen over voedseleconomie, maar ook over de betekenis van plekken en het landschap in bredere zin.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8751af65eb464d9fe8ff5ea3c26e9396" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118617649,"asset_id":124380974,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118617649/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124380974"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124380974"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124380974; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124380974]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124380974]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124380974; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124380974']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8751af65eb464d9fe8ff5ea3c26e9396" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124380974]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124380974,"title":"Van stip tot landschap. 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Door te kijken naar het lange termijn gebruik van locaties en verschillende landschapszones kunnen andere perspectieven worden gegeven die niet alleen iets zeggen over voedseleconomie, maar ook over de betekenis van plekken en het landschap in bredere zin.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2024,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"De logica van het landschap"},"translated_abstract":"Het archeologische beeld dat van jager-verzamelaars wordt geschetst is er doorgaans een van mensen die voor hun bestaan afhankelijk zijn van wat de natuur te bieden heeft, met de verwerving van voedsel als belangrijkste activiteit. Dit eenzijdige beeld is sterk ingegeven door de Westerse scheiding tussen ‘cultuur’ en ‘natuur’, en beperkte aandacht voor archeologische vindplaatsen in een ruimer landschappelijk verband. 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For more than 100 years, scholars have suspected remains of these landscapes and their inhabitants to have survived, but direct evidence such as bone and stone tools has long been relatively<br />sparse. Today, much more is known about the preservation of prehistoric landforms, as well as the material remains of animals, humans and<br />artefacts. As part of the NWO-funded project ‘Resurfacing Doggerland’, thousands of finds, collected on Dutch beaches and retrieved from<br />fishing nets, are now being studied in detail. 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For more than 100 years, scholars have suspected remains of these landscapes and their inhabitants to have survived, but direct evidence such as bone and stone tools has long been relatively\nsparse. Today, much more is known about the preservation of prehistoric landforms, as well as the material remains of animals, humans and\nartefacts. As part of the NWO-funded project ‘Resurfacing Doggerland’, thousands of finds, collected on Dutch beaches and retrieved from\nfishing nets, are now being studied in detail. The results will provide new insights into the relationship between climate-induced sea-level\nrise and socio-cultural processes.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2024,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Paleo-aktueel"},"translated_abstract":"The discovery of Doggerland: the scientific value of beach finds\n\nCoined in 1998 by archaeologist Bryony Coles, ‘Doggerland’ has become a widely recognised name for the prehistoric landscapes, now submerged\nbeneath the North Sea. For more than 100 years, scholars have suspected remains of these landscapes and their inhabitants to have survived, but direct evidence such as bone and stone tools has long been relatively\nsparse. Today, much more is known about the preservation of prehistoric landforms, as well as the material remains of animals, humans and\nartefacts. 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Collect, research and protect" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91333506/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87002475/Future_for_Doggerland_Collect_research_and_protect">Future for Doggerland? Collect, research and protect</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Doggerland: lost world under the North Sea</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Chapter to Doggerland: lost world under the North Sea (Amkreutz & Van der Vaart-Verschoof, eds). ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Chapter to Doggerland: lost world under the North Sea (Amkreutz & Van der Vaart-Verschoof, eds).<br /><br />The full book is freely accessible online: <a href="https://www.sidestone.com/books/doggerland-lost-world-under-the-north-sea" rel="nofollow">https://www.sidestone.com/books/doggerland-lost-world-under-the-north-sea</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a4989f7aeb536191d03427ffd559863a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91333506,"asset_id":87002475,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91333506/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87002475"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87002475"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87002475; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87002475]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87002475]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87002475; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87002475']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a4989f7aeb536191d03427ffd559863a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87002475]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87002475,"title":"Future for Doggerland? 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Since 2017, the GIA and NLD have cond...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The lost Ems, a participatory project in the border region. Since 2017, the GIA and NLD have conducted joint research into a fossil branch of the river Ems between Landegge (Ldkr. Emsland) and Sellingen (prov. Groningen), where this branch merged with the Runde system as the Ruiten Aa/Westerwoldsche Aa. As its flanking river dunes were intensively exploited by farming communities up to the middle/late Iron Age, this string of settlements became an umbilical cord linking the Westerwolde region with the Ems bank, especially after accelerated peat growth intensified the barrier posed by the Bourtanger Moor. Mapping the fossil river, its regime and riverbank occupation as well as its abandonment goes hand-in-hand with involving today’s landowners and local residents, explaining to them that there is more to the supposedly poor cultural history of this hinterland zone than the era of peatbog exploitation and the Emslandlager during WWII.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="35c2bf4224b0cf3231090582f938fc70" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91333044,"asset_id":87001876,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91333044/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87001876"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87001876"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87001876; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87001876]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87001876]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87001876; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87001876']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "35c2bf4224b0cf3231090582f938fc70" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87001876]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87001876,"title":"De verdwenen Eems: een participatieproject in het grensgebied","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.21827/PA.32.101-107","abstract":"The lost Ems, a participatory project in the border region. 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Hierbij werden grote, aaneengeslo-ten delen opgegraven waarbij sporen werden aangetroff en van grafvelden en nederzettingen uit de bronstijd, de ijzertijd en de Romeinse tijd, zoals beschreven in het rapport Afslag Olthof. Ook werden resten aangetroff en van mesolithische en neolithische activiteit. Het onderzoek naar deze steentijdresten vond plaats in nauwe samenwerking met de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, waarbij bijzondere aandacht werd besteed aan de ontwikkeling van alternatieve methoden om vindplaatsen uit deze periode te kunnen opsporen. In 2012 organiseerde Saxion Hogeschool een veldpracticum op het noordwestelijk deel van de top van de dekzandrug. Bij dit onderzoek konden de laatste 'postzegels' die niet door de ge-meentelijke archeologen waren opgegraven alsnog worden onderzocht. Nadat bij het aanleggen van het vlak een aantal grote vuur-stenen artefacten waren aangetroff en, werd besloten een deel Bij opgravingen in Epse, nabij gemeente Deventer, werden in 2012 vuurstenen artefacten aangetroffen die toegeschreven worden aan de laat-paleolithische Hamburgcultuur. Mensen van de Hamburgcultuur (circa 13.000-12.000 voor Christus) waren de eerste bewoners van Noord-Nederland na de lange koude periode van het laatste glaciale maximum. De vind-plaats is niet alleen bijzonder vanwege de zuidelijke ligging, maar ook vanwege de gebruikte grondstof: enkele artefacten waren vervaardigd uit rode Helgolandvuursteen. Dit is een zeldzame vuursteensoort die alleen bij het (huidige) eiland Helgoland (Duitsland) gevonden kan worden en biedt daarom inzicht in de afstanden waarover deze jager-verzamelaars-groepen zich verplaatsten.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="beb62d7e23e9deee07198d290f0582e4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":65197126,"asset_id":44716158,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65197126/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="44716158"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44716158"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44716158; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44716158]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44716158]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44716158; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='44716158']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "beb62d7e23e9deee07198d290f0582e4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=44716158]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":44716158,"title":"Nomadische rendierjagers in Epse kwamen via Helgoland","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Vuursteen uit Helgoland vertelt over verre trektochten van de Hamburgcultuur van de gemeente Deventer. Hierbij werden grote, aaneengeslo-ten delen opgegraven waarbij sporen werden aangetroff en van grafvelden en nederzettingen uit de bronstijd, de ijzertijd en de Romeinse tijd, zoals beschreven in het rapport Afslag Olthof. Ook werden resten aangetroff en van mesolithische en neolithische activiteit. Het onderzoek naar deze steentijdresten vond plaats in nauwe samenwerking met de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, waarbij bijzondere aandacht werd besteed aan de ontwikkeling van alternatieve methoden om vindplaatsen uit deze periode te kunnen opsporen. In 2012 organiseerde Saxion Hogeschool een veldpracticum op het noordwestelijk deel van de top van de dekzandrug. Bij dit onderzoek konden de laatste 'postzegels' die niet door de ge-meentelijke archeologen waren opgegraven alsnog worden onderzocht. Nadat bij het aanleggen van het vlak een aantal grote vuur-stenen artefacten waren aangetroff en, werd besloten een deel Bij opgravingen in Epse, nabij gemeente Deventer, werden in 2012 vuurstenen artefacten aangetroffen die toegeschreven worden aan de laat-paleolithische Hamburgcultuur. Mensen van de Hamburgcultuur (circa 13.000-12.000 voor Christus) waren de eerste bewoners van Noord-Nederland na de lange koude periode van het laatste glaciale maximum. De vind-plaats is niet alleen bijzonder vanwege de zuidelijke ligging, maar ook vanwege de gebruikte grondstof: enkele artefacten waren vervaardigd uit rode Helgolandvuursteen. Dit is een zeldzame vuursteensoort die alleen bij het (huidige) eiland Helgoland (Duitsland) gevonden kan worden en biedt daarom inzicht in de afstanden waarover deze jager-verzamelaars-groepen zich verplaatsten. 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Bij dit onderzoek konden de laatste 'postzegels' die niet door de ge-meentelijke archeologen waren opgegraven alsnog worden onderzocht. Nadat bij het aanleggen van het vlak een aantal grote vuur-stenen artefacten waren aangetroff en, werd besloten een deel Bij opgravingen in Epse, nabij gemeente Deventer, werden in 2012 vuurstenen artefacten aangetroffen die toegeschreven worden aan de laat-paleolithische Hamburgcultuur. Mensen van de Hamburgcultuur (circa 13.000-12.000 voor Christus) waren de eerste bewoners van Noord-Nederland na de lange koude periode van het laatste glaciale maximum. De vind-plaats is niet alleen bijzonder vanwege de zuidelijke ligging, maar ook vanwege de gebruikte grondstof: enkele artefacten waren vervaardigd uit rode Helgolandvuursteen. Dit is een zeldzame vuursteensoort die alleen bij het (huidige) eiland Helgoland (Duitsland) gevonden kan worden en biedt daarom inzicht in de afstanden waarover deze jager-verzamelaars-groepen zich verplaatsten. 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Hierbij werden grote, aaneengeslo-ten delen opgegraven waarbij sporen werden aangetroff en van grafvelden en nederzettingen uit de bronstijd, de ijzertijd en de Romeinse tijd, zoals beschreven in het rapport Afslag Olthof. Ook werden resten aangetroff en van mesolithische en neolithische activiteit. Het onderzoek naar deze steentijdresten vond plaats in nauwe samenwerking met de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, waarbij bijzondere aandacht werd besteed aan de ontwikkeling van alternatieve methoden om vindplaatsen uit deze periode te kunnen opsporen. In 2012 organiseerde Saxion Hogeschool een veldpracticum op het noordwestelijk deel van de top van de dekzandrug. Bij dit onderzoek konden de laatste 'postzegels' die niet door de ge-meentelijke archeologen waren opgegraven alsnog worden onderzocht. Nadat bij het aanleggen van het vlak een aantal grote vuur-stenen artefacten waren aangetroff en, werd besloten een deel Bij opgravingen in Epse, nabij gemeente Deventer, werden in 2012 vuurstenen artefacten aangetroffen die toegeschreven worden aan de laat-paleolithische Hamburgcultuur. Mensen van de Hamburgcultuur (circa 13.000-12.000 voor Christus) waren de eerste bewoners van Noord-Nederland na de lange koude periode van het laatste glaciale maximum. De vind-plaats is niet alleen bijzonder vanwege de zuidelijke ligging, maar ook vanwege de gebruikte grondstof: enkele artefacten waren vervaardigd uit rode Helgolandvuursteen. Dit is een zeldzame vuursteensoort die alleen bij het (huidige) eiland Helgoland (Duitsland) gevonden kan worden en biedt daarom inzicht in de afstanden waarover deze jager-verzamelaars-groepen zich verplaatsten. 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De archeologie van Noordwest-Europa." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/72199150/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/57174985/Op_de_schouders_van_Reuzen_De_archeologie_van_Noordwest_Europa">Op de schouders van Reuzen. De archeologie van Noordwest-Europa.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Paleo-Aktueel</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">On the shoulders of giants: the archaeology of northwestern Europe From its founding in 1918, the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">On the shoulders of giants: the archaeology of northwestern Europe<br />From its founding in 1918, the Biologisch-Archaeologisch Instituut has carried out research on stone-age hunter-gatherers, the start and the development of prehistoric farming communities, burial mounds and settlements on the sandy soils, and the occupation of the terp-mound district. This article presents the highlights of a century-long research history and identifies current developments.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9082261516deb91a9adb806cfe118c12" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":72199150,"asset_id":57174985,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72199150/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="57174985"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="57174985"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57174985; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=57174985]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=57174985]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57174985; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='57174985']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9082261516deb91a9adb806cfe118c12" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=57174985]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":57174985,"title":"Op de schouders van Reuzen. 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The study area comprises Denmark, southern Sweden, and smaller parts of southern Norway and northern Germany – a vast area bearing an extremely rich archaeological record,<br />but also a complex geological history related to effects of glacio-isostasy and relative sea-level fluctuations. With regard to the Mesolithic, the area is not only well known for many iconic on-land sites, such as Skateholm, Tågerup, Ageröd, Ringkloster, Vedbæk and Hohen Viecheln, just to mention a few, but also for its rich offshore archaeological record.<br />The submerged coastal zones in the southern Baltic have been subject to extensive underwater surveying, having delivered huge numbers of well-preserved finds and sites unequalled anywhere else on the globe. But as Astrup states, little synthetic work has been done as yet, whilst hypotheses about how Mesolithic hunter-gatherers ‘adapted’ to Postglacial environmental change and sea-level rise, in particular,<br />are still based on old, coarse-grained models, as well as generalised assumptions relying on rather plain archaeological observations at site level. With this book, it is Astrup’s intent to make a difference, by evaluating the sea-level record and developing new models of coastal displacement, and confrontation of these models with the archaeological record to evaluate the validity of prevailing archaeological<br />hypotheses about changes in subsistence (increased exploitation of marine resources) and socio-cultural aspects such as sedentariness and territoriality. By taking into account various potential issues of  representativeness of the archaeological record – e.g. what does the inland record of the Maglemose tell us about the exploitation of the coastal zone? – as well as biased contrasts in the conceptualisation of cultural characteristics – the Maglemose as forest and marsh dwellers, the Kongemose as coastal dwellers (Astrup 2018 p. 13) – Astrup has given himself a highly ambitious task.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42946774"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42946774"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42946774; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42946774]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42946774]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42946774; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42946774']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42946774]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42946774,"title":"Review of Sea-level change in Mesolithic southern Scandinavia","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1080/00293652.2020.1744035","abstract":"You can get a free copy from https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/4JTQU6HXQRXGN6BGZGFI/full?target=10.1080/00293652.2020.1744035\n\nThis book is an edited version of Astrup’s doctoral dissertation (Aarhus University 2018), thus presenting the core of his work on human responses to sealevel change during the Mesolithic of southern\nScandinavia (9500–4000 BC). The study area comprises Denmark, southern Sweden, and smaller parts of southern Norway and northern Germany – a vast area bearing an extremely rich archaeological record,\nbut also a complex geological history related to effects of glacio-isostasy and relative sea-level fluctuations. With regard to the Mesolithic, the area is not only well known for many iconic on-land sites, such as Skateholm, Tågerup, Ageröd, Ringkloster, Vedbæk and Hohen Viecheln, just to mention a few, but also for its rich offshore archaeological record.\nThe submerged coastal zones in the southern Baltic have been subject to extensive underwater surveying, having delivered huge numbers of well-preserved finds and sites unequalled anywhere else on the globe. But as Astrup states, little synthetic work has been done as yet, whilst hypotheses about how Mesolithic hunter-gatherers ‘adapted’ to Postglacial environmental change and sea-level rise, in particular,\nare still based on old, coarse-grained models, as well as generalised assumptions relying on rather plain archaeological observations at site level. With this book, it is Astrup’s intent to make a difference, by evaluating the sea-level record and developing new models of coastal displacement, and confrontation of these models with the archaeological record to evaluate the validity of prevailing archaeological\nhypotheses about changes in subsistence (increased exploitation of marine resources) and socio-cultural aspects such as sedentariness and territoriality. By taking into account various potential issues of representativeness of the archaeological record – e.g. what does the inland record of the Maglemose tell us about the exploitation of the coastal zone? – as well as biased contrasts in the conceptualisation of cultural characteristics – the Maglemose as forest and marsh dwellers, the Kongemose as coastal dwellers (Astrup 2018 p. 13) – Astrup has given himself a highly ambitious task.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Norwegian Archaeological Review"},"translated_abstract":"You can get a free copy from https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/4JTQU6HXQRXGN6BGZGFI/full?target=10.1080/00293652.2020.1744035\n\nThis book is an edited version of Astrup’s doctoral dissertation (Aarhus University 2018), thus presenting the core of his work on human responses to sealevel change during the Mesolithic of southern\nScandinavia (9500–4000 BC). The study area comprises Denmark, southern Sweden, and smaller parts of southern Norway and northern Germany – a vast area bearing an extremely rich archaeological record,\nbut also a complex geological history related to effects of glacio-isostasy and relative sea-level fluctuations. With regard to the Mesolithic, the area is not only well known for many iconic on-land sites, such as Skateholm, Tågerup, Ageröd, Ringkloster, Vedbæk and Hohen Viecheln, just to mention a few, but also for its rich offshore archaeological record.\nThe submerged coastal zones in the southern Baltic have been subject to extensive underwater surveying, having delivered huge numbers of well-preserved finds and sites unequalled anywhere else on the globe. But as Astrup states, little synthetic work has been done as yet, whilst hypotheses about how Mesolithic hunter-gatherers ‘adapted’ to Postglacial environmental change and sea-level rise, in particular,\nare still based on old, coarse-grained models, as well as generalised assumptions relying on rather plain archaeological observations at site level. With this book, it is Astrup’s intent to make a difference, by evaluating the sea-level record and developing new models of coastal displacement, and confrontation of these models with the archaeological record to evaluate the validity of prevailing archaeological\nhypotheses about changes in subsistence (increased exploitation of marine resources) and socio-cultural aspects such as sedentariness and territoriality. By taking into account various potential issues of representativeness of the archaeological record – e.g. what does the inland record of the Maglemose tell us about the exploitation of the coastal zone? – as well as biased contrasts in the conceptualisation of cultural characteristics – the Maglemose as forest and marsh dwellers, the Kongemose as coastal dwellers (Astrup 2018 p. 13) – Astrup has given himself a highly ambitious task.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/42946774/Review_of_Sea_level_change_in_Mesolithic_southern_Scandinavia","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-05-05T01:16:43.810-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1014628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book_review","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Review_of_Sea_level_change_in_Mesolithic_southern_Scandinavia","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"You can get a free copy from https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/4JTQU6HXQRXGN6BGZGFI/full?target=10.1080/00293652.2020.1744035\n\nThis book is an edited version of Astrup’s doctoral dissertation (Aarhus University 2018), thus presenting the core of his work on human responses to sealevel change during the Mesolithic of southern\nScandinavia (9500–4000 BC). The study area comprises Denmark, southern Sweden, and smaller parts of southern Norway and northern Germany – a vast area bearing an extremely rich archaeological record,\nbut also a complex geological history related to effects of glacio-isostasy and relative sea-level fluctuations. With regard to the Mesolithic, the area is not only well known for many iconic on-land sites, such as Skateholm, Tågerup, Ageröd, Ringkloster, Vedbæk and Hohen Viecheln, just to mention a few, but also for its rich offshore archaeological record.\nThe submerged coastal zones in the southern Baltic have been subject to extensive underwater surveying, having delivered huge numbers of well-preserved finds and sites unequalled anywhere else on the globe. But as Astrup states, little synthetic work has been done as yet, whilst hypotheses about how Mesolithic hunter-gatherers ‘adapted’ to Postglacial environmental change and sea-level rise, in particular,\nare still based on old, coarse-grained models, as well as generalised assumptions relying on rather plain archaeological observations at site level. With this book, it is Astrup’s intent to make a difference, by evaluating the sea-level record and developing new models of coastal displacement, and confrontation of these models with the archaeological record to evaluate the validity of prevailing archaeological\nhypotheses about changes in subsistence (increased exploitation of marine resources) and socio-cultural aspects such as sedentariness and territoriality. By taking into account various potential issues of representativeness of the archaeological record – e.g. what does the inland record of the Maglemose tell us about the exploitation of the coastal zone? – as well as biased contrasts in the conceptualisation of cultural characteristics – the Maglemose as forest and marsh dwellers, the Kongemose as coastal dwellers (Astrup 2018 p. 13) – Astrup has given himself a highly ambitious task.","owner":{"id":1014628,"first_name":"Hans","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Peeters","page_name":"HansPeeters","domain_name":"rug","created_at":"2011-12-04T21:40:47.840-08:00","display_name":"Hans Peeters","url":"https://rug.academia.edu/HansPeeters"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":4997,"name":"Mesolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesolithic_Archaeology"},{"id":32163,"name":"Holocene sea level change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocene_sea_level_change"},{"id":291062,"name":"Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Submerged_Prehistoric_Archaeology"}],"urls":[{"id":9008530,"url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/4JTQU6HXQRXGN6BGZGFI/full?target=10.1080/00293652.2020.1744035"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-42946774-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35298186"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35298186/Coastal_archaeologies_settlement_on_the_changing_North_Sea_littoral"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Coastal archaeologies: settlement on the changing North Sea littoral" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55158731/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35298186/Coastal_archaeologies_settlement_on_the_changing_North_Sea_littoral">Coastal archaeologies: settlement on the changing North Sea littoral</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Book review of: KAI NIEDERHÖFER. Archäologische Fundstellen im ostfriesischen Wattenmeer. Siedlun...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Book review of:<br />KAI NIEDERHÖFER. Archäologische Fundstellen im ostfriesischen Wattenmeer. Siedlungsgeschichte einer untergegangenen Landschaft bis 1570. 2016.<br />CLIVE WADDINGTON & CLIVE BONSALL. Archaeology and environment on the North Sea littoral: a case study from Low Hauxley. 2016.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1c4fcb4d56eee58591fd569c50e90abc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55158731,"asset_id":35298186,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55158731/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35298186"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35298186"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35298186; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35298186]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35298186]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35298186; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35298186']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1c4fcb4d56eee58591fd569c50e90abc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35298186]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35298186,"title":"Coastal archaeologies: settlement on the changing North Sea littoral","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Book review of:\nKAI NIEDERHÖFER. 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