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<span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Decline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_performers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_performers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable performers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_performers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable performers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_performers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sarangi_players_in_India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sarangi_players_in_India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Sarangi players in India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sarangi_players_in_India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sarangi_players_in_Pakistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sarangi_players_in_Pakistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Sarangi players in Pakistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sarangi_players_in_Pakistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sarangi_players" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sarangi_players"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Other sarangi players</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sarangi_players-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sarangi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99r%C9%99ngi" title="Sərəngi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sərəngi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF" title="সারেঙ্গি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সারেঙ্গি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangui" title="Sarangui – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sarangui" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B9_(%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF)" title="Σαράνγκι (μουσικό όργανο) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαράνγκι (μουσικό όργανο)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangio" title="Sarangio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sarangio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%9E%91%EA%B8%B0" title="사랑기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사랑기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80" title="सारंगी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सारंगी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BF" title="ಸಾರಂಗಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಾರಂಗಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="სარანგი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სარანგი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80" title="सारंगी – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="सारंगी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BF" title="സാരംഗി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സാരംഗി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80" title="सारंगी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सारंगी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80" title="सारंगी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सारंगी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AE%E3%83%BC" title="サーランギー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サーランギー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%80" title="ਸਾਰੰਗੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਰੰਗੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="سارنگی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سارنگی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Саранги – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Саранги" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF" title="சாரங்கி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சாரங்கி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BF" title="సారంగి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సారంగి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarangi" title="Sarangi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sarangi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="سارنگی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سارنگی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q608650#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sarangi%22">"Sarangi"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sarangi%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sarangi%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sarangi%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sarangi%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sarangi%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Cleanup-lang plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article should <b>specify the language</b> of its non-English content, using <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Langx" title="Template:Langx">langx</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Transliteration" title="Template:Transliteration">transliteration</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> for transliterated languages, and <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA" title="Template:IPA">IPA</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_ISO_639_codes" title="Lists of ISO 639 codes">ISO 639 code</a>. Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_multilingual_support_templates" title="Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates">multilingual support templates</a> may also be used.<span class="hide-when-compact"> <a href="/wiki/Template:Lang#Rationale" title="Template:Lang">See why</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Sarangi</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Childrens_Museum_of_Indianapolis_-_Sarangi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/The_Childrens_Museum_of_Indianapolis_-_Sarangi.jpg/167px-The_Childrens_Museum_of_Indianapolis_-_Sarangi.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/The_Childrens_Museum_of_Indianapolis_-_Sarangi.jpg/251px-The_Childrens_Museum_of_Indianapolis_-_Sarangi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/The_Childrens_Museum_of_Indianapolis_-_Sarangi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="321" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument_classification" title="Musical instrument classification">Classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chordophone" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordophone">Chordophone</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">Related instruments</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarinda_(instrument)" title="Sarinda (instrument)">Sarinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taus_(instrument)" title="Taus (instrument)">Taus</a></li> <li>Dilruba/<a href="/wiki/Esraj" title="Esraj">Esraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhantara" title="Dhantara">Dhantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarangi_(Nepali)" title="Sarangi (Nepali)">Nepali Sarangi</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>sārangī</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Bow_(music)" title="Bow (music)">bowed</a>, short-necked <a href="/wiki/String_instrument" title="String instrument">three-stringed instrument</a> played in traditional music from South Asia – <a href="/wiki/Folk_music_of_Punjab" title="Folk music of Punjab">Punjabi folk music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Rajasthan" title="Music of Rajasthan">Rajasthani folk music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sindhi_music" title="Sindhi music">Sindhi folk music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Haryana" title="Music of Haryana">Haryanvi folk music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rasiya" title="Rasiya">Braj folk music</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Boro_people" title="Boro people">Boro</a> folk music (there known as the <i>serja</i>) – in Pakistan, South India and Bangladesh. It is said to most resemble the sound of the human voice through its ability to imitate vocal ornaments such as <i><a href="/wiki/Gamak" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamak">Gamaks</a> or Gamakam</i> (shakes) and <i><a href="/wiki/Meend" title="Meend">meends</a></i> (sliding movements). The <a href="/wiki/Sarangi_(Nepali)" title="Sarangi (Nepali)">Nepali sarangi</a> is similar but is a <a href="/wiki/Folk_instrument" title="Folk instrument">folk instrument</a>, unornate and four-stringed. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Playing">Playing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Playing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarangi_tuning.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Sarangi_tuning.jpg/150px-Sarangi_tuning.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Sarangi_tuning.jpg/225px-Sarangi_tuning.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Sarangi_tuning.jpg/300px-Sarangi_tuning.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2010" data-file-height="3036" /></a><figcaption>Surjeet Singh tuning his sarangi</figcaption></figure> <p>The repertoire of <i>sarangi</i> players is traditionally very closely related to vocal music. Nevertheless, a concert with a solo sarangi as the main item will sometimes include a full-scale <i><a href="/wiki/Raga" title="Raga">raag</a></i> presentation with an extensive <i>alap</i> (the unmeasured improvisatory development of the raga) in increasing intensity (<i>alap</i> to <i>jor</i> to <i>jhala</i>) and several compositions in increasing tempo called <i>bandish</i>. As such, it could be seen as being on a par with other instrumental styles such as <a href="/wiki/Sitar" title="Sitar">sitar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sarod" title="Sarod">sarod</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bansuri" title="Bansuri">bansuri</a>. </p><p>It is rare to find a sarangi player who does not know the words of many classical compositions.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The words are usually mentally present during the performance, and a performance almost always adheres to the conventions of vocal performances including the organisational structure, the types of elaboration, the tempo, the relationship between sound and silence, and the presentation of <i><a href="/wiki/Khyal" title="Khyal">khyal</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Thumri" title="Thumri">thumri</a></i> compositions. The vocal quality of sarangi is in a separate category from, for instance, the so-called <i>gayaki-ang</i> of <a href="/wiki/Sitar" title="Sitar">sitar</a> which attempts to imitate the nuances of <i>khyal</i> while overall conforming to the structures and usually keeping to the <i>gat</i> compositions of instrumental music. (A <i>gat</i> is a composition set to a cyclic rhythm.) </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Sarangi_(Nepali)" title="Sarangi (Nepali)">Nepali sarangi</a> is a traditional stringed musical instrument of <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, commonly played by the Gaine or <a href="/wiki/Gandarbha" title="Gandarbha">Gandarbha</a> ethnic group; the form and repertoire of the instrument in Nepal is more folk oriented than in India, and it is particularly associated with Gandarbha people. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarangi_lying.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Sarangi_lying.jpg/220px-Sarangi_lying.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Sarangi_lying.jpg/330px-Sarangi_lying.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Sarangi_lying.jpg/440px-Sarangi_lying.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="678" /></a><figcaption>A sarangi laid flat</figcaption></figure> <p>Carved from a single block of <i>tun</i> (<a href="/wiki/Toona_ciliata" title="Toona ciliata">red cedar</a>) wood, the sarangi has a box-like shape with three hollow chambers: <i>pet</i> ('stomach'), <i>chaati</i> ('chest') and <i>magaj</i> ('brain'). It is usually around 2 feet (0.61 m) long and around 6 inches (150 mm) wide, though it can vary as there are smaller as well as larger variant sarangis as well. The smaller ones are more stable in hand. The lower resonance chamber or <i>pet</i> is covered with <a href="/wiki/Parchment" title="Parchment">parchment</a> made out of goat skin on which a strip of thick leather is placed around the waist (and nailed on the back of the chamber) which supports the elephant-shaped bridge that is usually made of camel or buffalo bone. (Originally, it was made of ivory or <a href="/wiki/Barasingha" title="Barasingha">Barasingha</a> bone but now that is rare due to the ban in India). The bridge in turn supports the huge pressure of approximately 35–37 <a href="/wiki/Sympathetic_string" title="Sympathetic string">sympathetic steel or brass strings</a> and three main gut strings that pass through it. The three main playing strings – the comparatively thicker gut strings – are bowed with a heavy horsehair bow and stopped not with the fingertips but with the <a href="/wiki/Nail_(anatomy)" title="Nail (anatomy)">nails</a>, cuticles, and surrounding flesh. <a href="/wiki/Talcum_powder" class="mw-redirect" title="Talcum powder">Talcum powder</a> is applied to the fingers as a lubricant. The neck has ivory or bone platforms on which the fingers slide. The remaining strings are sympathetic, or <i>tarabs</i>, numbering up to around 35–37, divided into four choirs having two sets of pegs, one on the right and one on the top. On the inside is a <a href="/wiki/Chromatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromatic">chromatically</a> tuned row of 15 <i>tarabs</i> and on the right a <a href="/wiki/Diatonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Diatonic">diatonic</a> row of nine <i>tarabs</i> each encompassing a full <a href="/wiki/Octave" title="Octave">octave</a>, plus one to three extra surrounding notes above or below the octave. Both these sets of <i>tarabs</i> pass from the main bridge to the right side set of pegs through small holes in the <i>chaati</i> supported by hollow ivory/bone beads. Between these inner <i>tarabs</i> and on either side of the main playing strings lie two more sets of longer <i>tarabs</i>, with five to six strings on the right set and six to seven strings on the left set. They pass from the main bridge over to two small, flat, wide, table-like bridges through the additional bridge towards the second peg set on top of the instrument. These are tuned to the important tones (<i><a href="/wiki/Swara" class="mw-redirect" title="Swara">swaras</a></i>) of the raga. A properly tuned sarangi will hum and cry and will sound like melodious meowing, with tones played on any of the main strings eliciting echo-like resonances. A few sarangis use strings manufactured from the intestines of goats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Decline">Decline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Decline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Around the 20th century, the harmonium and violin began to be used as alternatives to the sarangi due to their comparative ease of handling.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Pakistan specifically, since the 1980s, the decline in sarangi playing has also been attributed to the deaths of several masters and extreme religious radicalization.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_performers">Notable performers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notable performers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sarangi_players_in_India">Sarangi players in India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sarangi players in India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Latif_Khan" title="Abdul Latif Khan">Abdul Latif Khan</a> (1934–2002)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ustad_Munir_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ustad Munir Khan (page does not exist)">Ustad Munir Khan</a> (1926-2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruna_Narayan" title="Aruna Narayan">Aruna Narayan</a> (born 1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashique_Ali_Khan" title="Ashique Ali Khan">Ashique Ali Khan</a> (1948–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Bhushan_Goswami" title="Bharat Bhushan Goswami">Bharat Bhushan Goswami</a> (b. 1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundu_Khan" title="Bundu Khan">Bundu Khan</a> (1880–1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhruba_Ghosh" title="Dhruba Ghosh">Dhruba Ghosh</a> (1957–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghulam_Ali_(singer)" title="Ghulam Ali (singer)">Ghulam Ali</a> (Sarangi) (b. 1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harsh_Narayan" title="Harsh Narayan">Harsh Narayan</a> (b. 1985)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamal_Sabri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamal Sabri (page does not exist)">Kamal Sabri</a> (b. 1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manonmani" title="Manonmani">Manonmani</a> (b. 2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesh_Mishra" title="Ramesh Mishra">Ramesh Mishra</a> (1948–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Narayan" title="Ram Narayan">Ram Narayan</a> (b. 1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabir_Khan_(musician)" title="Sabir Khan (musician)">Sabir Khan</a> (Sarangi) (b. 1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabri_Khan" title="Sabri Khan">Sabri Khan</a> (1927–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddiqui_Ahmed_Khan" title="Siddiqui Ahmed Khan">Siddiqui Ahmed Khan</a> (1914–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suhail_Yusuf_Khan" title="Suhail Yusuf Khan">Suhail Yusuf Khan</a> (b. 1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Khan_(musician)" title="Sultan Khan (musician)">Sultan Khan</a> (1940–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ustad_Faiyaz_Khan_(Karnataka_singer)" title="Ustad Faiyaz Khan (Karnataka singer)">Ustad Faiyaz Khan</a> (born 1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moinuddin_Khan_(musician)" title="Moinuddin Khan (musician)">Moinuddin Khan (musician)</a> (died 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Narayan" title="Ram Narayan">Ram Narayan</a> (1927–2024)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shriram_Hasabnis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shriram Hasabnis (page does not exist)">Shriram Hasabnis</a> (b.1977)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sarangi_players_in_Pakistan">Sarangi players in Pakistan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sarangi players in Pakistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allah_Rakha_(sarangi)" title="Allah Rakha (sarangi)">Allah Rakha</a> (1932–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundu_Khan" title="Bundu Khan">Bundu Khan</a> (1880–1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathu_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nathu Khan">Nathu Khan</a> (1999-2025</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sarangi_players">Other sarangi players</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other sarangi players"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Yuji Nakagawa, Sarangi – a Japanese citizen who learnt to play the instrument in India under the tutelage of Dhruba Ghosh</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esraj" title="Esraj">Esraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarinda_(instrument)" title="Sarinda (instrument)">Sarinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustani_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindustani music">Hindustani music</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBogen2019" class="citation journal cs1">Bogen, Sarah (2019-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.liu.edu/post_honors_theses/55/">"A History of Non-Western Bowed Instruments A look into the Eastern History of the Modern-Day Violin"</a>. <i>Undergraduate Honors College Theses 2016–</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Undergraduate+Honors+College+Theses+2016%E2%80%93&rft.atitle=A+History+of+Non-Western+Bowed+Instruments+A+look+into+the+Eastern+History+of+the+Modern-Day+Violin&rft.date=2019-01-01&rft.aulast=Bogen&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.liu.edu%2Fpost_honors_theses%2F55%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarangi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/2351548/sound-of-mughal-era-sarangi-instrument-fading-away-in-pakistan">"Sound of Mughal-era sarangi instrument fading away in Pakistan"</a>. <i>The Express Tribune</i>. 2022-04-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-04-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=Sound+of+Mughal-era+sarangi+instrument+fading+away+in+Pakistan&rft.date=2022-04-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F2351548%2Fsound-of-mughal-era-sarangi-instrument-fading-away-in-pakistan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarangi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bor, Joep, 1987: "The Voice of the Sarangi", comprising <i>National Centre for the Performing Arts Quarterly Journal</i> 15 (3–4), December 1986 and March 1987 (special combined issue), Bombay: NCPA</li> <li>Magriel, Nicolas, 1991 <i>Sarangi Style in North Indian Music</i> (published Ph.D. thesis), London: University of London, available on amazon.com</li> <li>Qureshi, Regula Burckhardt, 1997: “The Indian Sarangi: Sound of Affect, Site of Contest”, Yearbook for Traditional Music, pp. 1–38</li> <li>Sorrell, Neil (with Ram Narayan), 1980: <i>Indian Music in Performance</i>, Bolton: Manchester University Press</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sarangis" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Sarangis">Sarangis</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/musicnepal/2.mp3">Resham Firiri</a> A popular Nepali folk music with a Sarangi and <i><a href="/wiki/Madal" title="Madal">madal</a></i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sarangi.info">sarangi.info</a> – downloadable sarangi and vocal music, including the integral of two important books, <i>The Voice of the Sarangi</i> by Joep Bor and <i>Indian Music in Performance and Practice</i> by Ram Narayan and Neil Sorrell.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.growingintomusic.co.uk">Growing into Music</a> – includes several films by Nicolas Magriel on Indian musical enculturation including films about the sarangi players, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Farooq_Latif_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farooq Latif Khan (page does not exist)">Farooq Latif Khan</a> (b. 1975), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarwar_Hussain_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarwar Hussain Khan (page does not exist)">Sarwar Hussain Khan</a> (b. 1981), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammed_Ali_Khan,_Sarangi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammed Ali Khan, Sarangi (page does not exist)">Mohammed Ali Khan, Sarangi</a> (d. 2002), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghulam_Sabir_Qadri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghulam Sabir Qadri (page does not exist)">Ghulam Sabir Qadri</a> (1922–), Vidya Sahai Mishra (d. 2019), <a href="/wiki/Siddiqui_Ahmed_Khan" title="Siddiqui Ahmed Khan">Siddiqui Ahmed Khan</a> (1914–), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghulam_Sabir_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghulam Sabir Khan (page does not exist)">Ghulam Sabir Khan</a> (b. 1948), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Murad_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murad Ali (page does not exist)">Murad Ali</a> (b. 1977), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faiyaz_Khan_(Varanasi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faiyaz Khan (Varanasi) (page does not exist)">Faiyaz Khan (Varanasi)</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zakan_Khan_(Varanasi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakan Khan (Varanasi) (page does not exist)">Zakan Khan (Varanasi)</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanhaiyalal_Mishra_(Varanasi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanhaiyalal Mishra (Varanasi) (page does not exist)">Kanhaiyalal Mishra (Varanasi)</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/indi/ho_89.4.200.htm">Sarangi, Gujarat, 19th century</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/indi/ho_1982.143.2.htm">Sarangi, ca. 1900</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/indi/ho_46.34.43.htm">Sarangi, North India, late 19th century</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indian_musical_instruments218" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indian_musical_instruments" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indian musical instruments"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indian_musical_instruments218" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_musical_instruments" title="List of Indian musical instruments">Indian musical instruments</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wind (Sushir)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bansuri" title="Bansuri">Bansuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_organ#In_the_Indian_subcontinent" title="Pump organ">Harmonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnay" title="Karnay">Karnay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombu_(instrument)" title="Kombu (instrument)">Kombu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzhal" title="Kuzhal">Kuzhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadaswaram" title="Nadaswaram">Nadaswaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nafir" title="Nafir">Nafir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pungi" title="Pungi">Pungi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankha" title="Shankha">Shankha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai">Shehnai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shruti_box" title="Shruti box">Shruti box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sringa" title="Sringa">Sringa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tharai" title="Tharai">Tharai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venu" title="Venu">Venu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plucked Stringed (Tat)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dotara" title="Dotara">Dotara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ektara" title="Ektara">Ektara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottuvadhyam" class="mw-redirect" title="Gottuvadhyam">Gottuvadhyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pena_(musical_instrument)" title="Pena (musical instrument)">Pena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudra_veena" title="Rudra veena">Rudra veena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santoor" title="Santoor">Santoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati_veena" title="Saraswati veena">Saraswati veena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarod" title="Sarod">Sarod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni_rebab" title="Seni rebab">Seni Rebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitar" title="Sitar">Sitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surbahar" title="Surbahar">Surbahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarabat" title="Swarabat">Swarabat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarmandal" title="Swarmandal">Swarmandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanpura" title="Tanpura">Tanpura</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_tanpura" title="Electronic tanpura">Electronic tanpura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veena" title="Veena">Veena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vichitra_veena" title="Vichitra veena">Vichitra veena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazh" title="Yazh">Yazh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bowed Stringed (Vitat)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esraj" title="Esraj">Dilruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esraj" title="Esraj">Esraj</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sarangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarinda_(instrument)" title="Sarinda (instrument)">Sarinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taus_(instrument)" title="Taus (instrument)">Taus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violin" title="Violin">Violin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membranous Percussion (Avanaddh)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anandalahari" title="Anandalahari">Anandalahari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chande" title="Chande">Chande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenda" title="Chenda">Chenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damaru" title="Damaru">Damaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhak_(instrument)" title="Dhak (instrument)">Dhaak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duggi_(drum)" title="Duggi (drum)">Duggi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhol" title="Dhol">Dhol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dholak" title="Dholak">Dholak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dholki" class="mw-redirect" title="Dholki">Dholki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idakka" title="Idakka">Edakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjira" title="Kanjira">Kanjira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khamak" title="Khamak">Khamak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khol" title="Khol">Khol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madal" title="Madal">Madal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardala" title="Mardala">Mardala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizhavu" title="Mizhavu">Mizhav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mridangam" title="Mridangam">Mridangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naqareh" title="Naqareh">Nagada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakhavaj" title="Pakhavaj">Pakhawaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parai" title="Parai">Parai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambal_(drum)" title="Sambal (drum)">Sambal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabla" title="Tabla">Tabla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jori_(instrument)" title="Jori (instrument)">Jori (instrument)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thavil" title="Thavil">Tavil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udukai" title="Udukai">Udukai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-Membranous Percussion (Ghan)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chimta" title="Chimta">Chimta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghatam" title="Ghatam">Ghatam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghungroo" title="Ghungroo">Ghungroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jal_tarang" title="Jal tarang">Jal tarang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taal_(instrument)" title="Taal (instrument)">Kartal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanjani" title="Khanjani">Khanjani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khartal" title="Khartal">Khartal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taal_(instrument)" title="Taal (instrument)">Manjira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morsing" title="Morsing">Morsing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Sangeet_Vadya" title="Bharatiya Sangeet Vadya">Bharatiya Sangeet Vadya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_music" title="Indian classical music">Indian classical music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_India" title="Music of India">Music of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jivari" title="Jivari">Jivari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical/possibly extinct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80l%C4%81pi%E1%B9%87%C4%AB_v%C4%AB%E1%B9%87%C4%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Ālāpiṇī vīṇā">Ālāpiṇī vīṇā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eka-tantri_vina" class="mw-redirect" title="Eka-tantri vina">Eka-tantri vina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnari_vina" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinnari vina">Kinnari vina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinaka_vina" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinaka vina">Pinaka vina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Musical_instruments_of_Nepal109" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Musical_instruments_of_Nepal" title="Template:Musical instruments of Nepal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Musical_instruments_of_Nepal" title="Template talk:Musical instruments of Nepal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Musical_instruments_of_Nepal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Musical instruments of Nepal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Musical_instruments_of_Nepal109" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nepali_musical_instruments" title="List of Nepali musical instruments">Musical instruments of Nepal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">String</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Plucked</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arbajo" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbajo">Arbajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ektara" title="Ektara">Ektara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungna" title="Tungna">Tungna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Bowed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dakkari" title="Dakkari">Dakkari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piwancha" title="Piwancha">Piwancha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarangi_(Nepal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarangi (Nepal)">Sarangi (Nepal)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wind</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Flutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bansuri" title="Bansuri">Bansuri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Oboes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai">Shehnai</a></li> <li>Pung (<a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%99_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99" class="extiw" title="ne:पुङ सिङ">पुङ सिङ</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Pan_pipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan pipe">Pan pipes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Chongwari <a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" class="extiw" title="ne:चोङ्वारी">चोङ्वारी</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Trumpet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kangling" title="Kangling">Kangling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnal_(instrument)" title="Karnal (instrument)">Karnal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ransingha" title="Ransingha">Ransingha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankha#Uses" title="Shankha">Shanka</a> conch shell</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sringa" title="Sringa">Sringa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Bagpipe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mashak" title="Mashak">Mashak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Percussion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Drums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chyabrung" title="Chyabrung">Chyabrung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damaha" title="Damaha">Damaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damaru" title="Damaru">Damaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damphu_drum" title="Damphu drum">Damphu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaa" title="Dhaa">Dhaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhimay" title="Dhimay">Dhimay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dholak" title="Dholak">Dholak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhy%C4%81ngro" title="Dhyāngro">Dhyāngro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanjari" title="Khanjari">Khanjari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khin" title="Khin">Khin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madal" title="Madal">Madal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naqareh" title="Naqareh">Naqareh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabla" title="Tabla">Tabla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyampko" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyampko">Tyampko</a> (<a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B" class="extiw" title="ne:ट्याम्को">ट्याम्को</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Cymbals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chimta" title="Chimta">Chimtaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhyali" title="Jhyali">Jhyali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhyamta" title="Jhyamta">Jhyamta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Tube zither drum/gong</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yalamber_Baja" title="Yalamber Baja">Yalamber Baja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Bell" title="Bell">Bells</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghanta" title="Ghanta">Ghanta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binayo" title="Binayo">Binayo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jaw_harp" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaw harp">jaw harp</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jew%27s_harp#Murchunga" title="Jew's harp">Murchunga</a> (jaw harp)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slek" class="mw-redirect" title="Slek">Pipirma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urni" title="Urni">Urni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extinct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piwancha" title="Piwancha">Piwancha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ensembles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panche_baja" title="Panche baja">Panche baja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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href="https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/79f5331d-d17c-4c2e-8ad0-44144432a754">MusicBrainz instrument</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&oldid=1275300754">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarangi&oldid=1275300754</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bowed_instruments" title="Category:Bowed instruments">Bowed instruments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindustani_musical_instruments" title="Category:Hindustani musical 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