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<span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Variants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Variants subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-M43" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#M43"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>M43</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-M43-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Type_56:_Chinese_mild_steel_core" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Type_56:_Chinese_mild_steel_core"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Type 56: Chinese mild steel core</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Type_56:_Chinese_mild_steel_core-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kal._7,62mm×38_"Dutch"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kal._7,62mm×38_"Dutch""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Kal. 7,62mm×38 "Dutch"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kal._7,62mm×38_"Dutch"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-M67" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#M67"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>M67</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-M67-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commercial_ammunition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial_ammunition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Commercial ammunition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commercial_ammunition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cartridge_dimensions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cartridge_dimensions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Cartridge dimensions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cartridge_dimensions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basic_specifications_of_21st_century_Russian_service_loads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basic_specifications_of_21st_century_Russian_service_loads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Basic specifications of 21st century Russian service loads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basic_specifications_of_21st_century_Russian_service_loads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hunting_and_sport_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hunting_and_sport_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Hunting and sport use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hunting_and_sport_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">7.62×39mm</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62%C3%9739_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%85" title="7.62×39 ملم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="7.62×39 ملم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62%C3%9739_%D0%BC%D0%BC" title="7,62×39 мм – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="7,62×39 мм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62%C3%9739_%D0%BC%D0%BC" title="7,62×39 мм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="7,62×39 мм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62%C3%9739_mm" title="7,62×39 mm – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="7,62×39 mm" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm_M43" title="7,62 × 39 mm M43 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm M43" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm" title="7,62 × 39 mm – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm" title="7,62 × 39 mm – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm" title="7,62 × 39 mm – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62%C3%9739mm" title="7.62×39mm – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="7.62×39mm" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm" title="7,62 × 39 mm – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_x_39_mm" title="7,62 x 39 mm – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="7,62 x 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1_%DB%B3%DB%B9%C3%97%DB%B7%D9%AB%DB%B6%DB%B2_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="کالیبر ۳۹×۷٫۶۲ میلی‌متر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کالیبر ۳۹×۷٫۶۲ میلی‌متر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm_M43" title="7,62 × 39 mm M43 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm M43" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62%C3%9739mm" title="7.62×39mm – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="7.62×39mm" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62%C3%9739_mm" title="7,62×39 mm – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="7,62×39 mm" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm" title="7,62 × 39 mm – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm" title="7,62 × 39 mm – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62%C3%9739_mm" title="7,62×39 mm – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="7,62×39 mm" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62_x_39_mm" title="7.62 x 39 mm – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="7.62 x 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62x39mm%E5%BC%BE" title="7.62x39mm弾 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="7.62x39mm弾" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm" title="7,62 × 39 mm – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B3%DB%B9%C3%97%DB%B7%D8%8C%DB%B6%DB%B2_%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C" title="۳۹×۷،۶۲ مرمی – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="۳۹×۷،۶۲ مرمی" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nab%C3%B3j_7,62_%C3%97_39_mm_wz._43" title="Nabój 7,62 × 39 mm wz. 43 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nabój 7,62 × 39 mm wz. 43" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62x39mm" title="7,62x39mm – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="7,62x39mm" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_%D0%BC%D0%BC" title="7,62 × 39 мм – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="7,62 × 39 мм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62%C3%9739mm" title="7.62×39mm – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="7.62×39mm" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62%C3%9739mm" title="7.62×39mm – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="7.62×39mm" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm" title="7,62 × 39 mm – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39" title="7,62 × 39 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="7,62 × 39" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62x39mm" title="7.62x39mm – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="7.62x39mm" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62%C3%9739_mm" title="7,62×39 mm – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="7,62×39 mm" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62_%C3%97_39_mm" title="7,62 × 39 mm – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="7,62 × 39 mm" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62x39%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%80" title="7.62x39மிமீ – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="7.62x39மிமீ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/7.62%C3%9739mm" title="7.62×39mm – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="7.62×39mm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62%C3%9739_%D0%BC%D0%BC" title="7,62×39 мм – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="7,62×39 мм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/7,62%C3%9739mm" title="7,62×39mm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="7,62×39mm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" 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.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/7.62%C3%9735mm" class="mw-redirect" title="7.62×35mm">7.62×35mm</a> or <a href="/wiki/7.62%C3%9754mmR" title="7.62×54mmR">7.62×54mmR</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above hproduct" style="font-size: 110%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><span class="fn">7.62×39mm</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_1.jpg/300px-7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_1.jpg/450px-7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_1.jpg/600px-7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A steel-cased 7.62×39mm <a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_bullet" class="mw-redirect" title="Full metal jacket bullet">FMJ</a> cartridge</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rifle" title="Rifle">Rifle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;">Service history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">In service</th><td class="infobox-data">1945–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Used by</th><td class="infobox-data">former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>, many others</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;">Production history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Designed</th><td class="infobox-data">1943</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Produced</th><td class="infobox-data">1944–present</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Case type</th><td class="infobox-data">Rimless, bottleneck</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Bullet diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">7.85–7.9 mm (0.309–0.311") <a href="/wiki/SAAMI" class="mw-redirect" title="SAAMI">SAAMI</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 7.92 mm (0.312") <a href="/wiki/Commission_Internationale_Permanente_pour_l%27Epreuve_des_Armes_%C3%A0_Feu_Portatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission Internationale Permanente pour l'Epreuve des Armes à Feu Portatives">CIP</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Land diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">7.62 mm (0.300 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Neck diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">8.60 mm (0.339 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Shoulder diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">10.07 mm (0.396 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Base diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">11.35 mm (0.447 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rim diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">11.35 mm (0.447 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rim thickness</th><td class="infobox-data">1.50 mm (0.059 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Case length</th><td class="infobox-data">38.70 mm (1.524 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Overall length</th><td class="infobox-data">56.00 mm (2.205 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Case capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">2.31 cm<sup>3</sup> (35.6 <a href="/wiki/Grain_(unit)" title="Grain (unit)">gr H<sub>2</sub>O</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rifling twist</th><td class="infobox-data">240 mm (1 in 9.45 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Primer type</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Boxer large rifle (brass)</li><li>Berdan (steel case)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Maximum pressure (<a href="/wiki/Small_arms_ammunition_pressure_testing" title="Small arms ammunition pressure testing">C.I.P.</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data">355.0 MPa (51,490 psi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Maximum pressure (<a href="/wiki/Small_arms_ammunition_pressure_testing" title="Small arms ammunition pressure testing">SAAMI</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data">310.3 MPa (45,010 psi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Filling</th><td class="infobox-data">SSNF 50 powder</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Filling weight</th><td class="infobox-data">1.605 – 1.63 g</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;">Ballistic performance</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="margin:0; width:100%; border-collapse:collapse"> <tbody><tr style="text-align: center; font-size: 90%; background: #DEDEDE;"> <th scope="col">Bullet mass/type</th> <th scope="col">Velocity</th> <th scope="col">Energy</th> </tr><tr style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center"> <td style="vertical-align:middle;border-bottom:1px dotted #aaa;">7.9 g (122 gr) 57N231 FMJ</td> <td style="border-bottom:1px dotted #aaa;">730.3 m/s (2,396 ft/s)</td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:1px dotted #aaa;">2,108 J (1,555 ft⋅lbf)</td> </tr><tr style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center"> <td style="vertical-align:middle;border-bottom:1px dotted #aaa;">10.0 g (154 gr) <a href="/wiki/Soft-point_bullet" title="Soft-point bullet">SP</a></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px dotted #aaa;">641.3 m/s (2,104 ft/s)</td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:1px dotted #aaa;">2,056 J (1,516 ft⋅lbf)</td> </tr><tr style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center"> <td style="vertical-align:middle;border-bottom:1px dotted #aaa;">8.0 g (123 gr) <a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_bullet" class="mw-redirect" title="Full metal jacket bullet">FMJ</a></td> <td style="border-bottom:1px dotted #aaa;">738.0 m/s (2,421 ft/s)</td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:1px dotted #aaa;">2,179 J (1,607 ft⋅lbf)</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="text-align: center; padding-top: 5px; font-size: 90%; font-style:italic;">Test barrel length: 520 mm (20 in) (in Sellier & Bellot tests)<br />Source(s): Wolf Ammo<sup id="cite_ref-wolf_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wolf-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sellier & Bellot<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>7.62×39mm</b> (aka <b>7.62 Soviet</b>, formerly <b>.30 Russian Short</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> round is a <a href="/wiki/Rim_(firearms)" title="Rim (firearms)">rimless</a> <a href="/wiki/Bottlenecked_cartridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Bottlenecked cartridge">bottlenecked</a> <a href="/wiki/Intermediate_cartridge" title="Intermediate cartridge">intermediate</a> <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">cartridge</a> of <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> origin. The cartridge is widely used due to the global proliferation of the <a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a> rifle and related <a href="/wiki/Kalashnikov_rifle" title="Kalashnikov rifle">Kalashnikov rifles</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/SKS" title="SKS">SKS</a>, <a href="/wiki/RPD_machine_gun" title="RPD machine gun">RPD</a>, and <a href="/wiki/RPK" title="RPK">RPK</a> <a href="/wiki/Light_machine_gun" title="Light machine gun">light</a> <a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">machine guns</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a> was designed shortly after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">WWII</a>, later becoming the <a href="/wiki/AKM" title="AKM">AKM</a> because the production of sheet metal had issues when first initiated. This weapon is now the world's most widespread military-pattern rifle. The cartridge remained the Soviet standard until the 1970s. It was partly replaced in Soviet service by the <a href="/wiki/5.45%C3%9739mm" title="5.45×39mm">5.45×39mm</a> cartridge, which was introduced with the new <a href="/wiki/AK-74" title="AK-74">AK-74</a> rifle, and continues in service with the modernized current-issue <a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a> <a href="/wiki/AK-74#AK-74M" title="AK-74">AK-74M</a> <a href="/wiki/Service_rifle" title="Service rifle">service rifle</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/AK-12" title="AK-12">AK-12</a> rifle. In the 21st century, the 7.62×39mm remains a common service rifle chambering, including for newly developed rifles like the <a href="/wiki/AK-12#AK-15" title="AK-12">AK-15</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_2.jpg/220px-7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_2.jpg/330px-7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_2.jpg/440px-7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Steel-cased 7.62×39mm <a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_bullet" class="mw-redirect" title="Full metal jacket bullet">FMJ</a> cartridge</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rifle_cartridge_comparison_w_scale.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Rifle_cartridge_comparison_w_scale.png/220px-Rifle_cartridge_comparison_w_scale.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Rifle_cartridge_comparison_w_scale.png/330px-Rifle_cartridge_comparison_w_scale.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Rifle_cartridge_comparison_w_scale.png/440px-Rifle_cartridge_comparison_w_scale.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption>7.62×39mm (fourth from left), shown alongside other cartridges</figcaption></figure> <p>On July 15, 1943, the Technical Council of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Commissariat_of_Arms_of_the_USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Commissariat of Arms of the USSR">People's Commissariat for Armaments</a> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Техсовет Наркомата Вооружения</span>) met to discuss the introduction of a Soviet <a href="/wiki/Intermediate_cartridge" title="Intermediate cartridge">intermediate cartridge</a>. The Soviet planners also decided at this meeting that their new cartridge was to be used in a whole range of infantry weapons, including a <a href="/wiki/Semi-automatic_firearm" title="Semi-automatic firearm"> semi-automatic</a> carbine, a <a href="/wiki/Selective_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Selective fire">selective fire</a> rifle, and a <a href="/wiki/Light_machine_gun" title="Light machine gun">light machine gun</a>. The job of designing the Soviet intermediate cartridge was assigned to a committee led by chief designer N.M. Elizarov (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Н.М. Елизаров</span></span>), assisted by P.V. Ryazanov (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">П.В. Рязанов</span></span>), B.V. Semin (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Б.В. Семин</span></span>), and I.T. Melnikov (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">И.Т. Мельников</span></span>). Elizarov collaborated closely with some leading weapons designers, including <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Grigoryevich_Fyodorov" title="Vladimir Grigoryevich Fyodorov">Fedorov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fedor_Tokarev" title="Fedor Tokarev">Tokarev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Gavrilovich_Simonov" title="Sergei Gavrilovich Simonov">Simonov</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Georgy_Shpagin" title="Georgy Shpagin">Shpagin</a>. About 314 cartridge designs were considered theoretically, before narrowing the selection down to eight models that were physically constructed and tested.<sup id="cite_ref-Monetchikov_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monetchikov-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the development work on the new cartridge took place at <a href="/wiki/OKB" title="OKB">OKB</a>-44, which was soon thereafter renamed as <a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_Soviet_Union#Scientific_Research_Institutes_(NII)" title="Science and technology in the Soviet Union">NII</a>-44, and which in 1949 was merged with NII-61, itself merged with <a href="/wiki/TsNIITochMash" title="TsNIITochMash">TsNIITochMash</a> ("Central Scientific-Research Institute for Precision Machine Engineering") in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oruzhie-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first variant of the new cartridge was officially adopted for service after completing range trials in December 1943; it was given the <a href="/wiki/GRAU_index" class="mw-redirect" title="GRAU index">GRAU index</a> 57-N-231. This cartridge actually had a case length of 41 mm, so it is sometimes referred to as the 7.62×41. The bullet it contained was 22.8mm long and had a core made entirely of lead. This bullet has a somewhat stubbier appearance than later 7.62×39 bullets, with its maximal radius being attained after only 13.01mm from its tip, and it was lacking a boat tail. After some further refinements, a pilot production series of this cartridge began in March 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oruzhie-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After more detailed testing results became available, starting in 1947 the cartridge was tweaked by the Ulyanovsk Machine Building Plant to improve its accuracy and penetration. Initially, the boat tail had been omitted because the Soviet designers had assumed (incorrectly) that it would only make a difference at long ranges, when the bullet became subsonic, and the accuracy of the intermediate cartridge at these ranges was considered inconsequential. However, further testing showed that the boat tail improved accuracy even at shorter ranges, where the bullet was still supersonic. To maintain the overall mass of the bullet, after adding the boat tail, the ogival head section of the bullet was lengthened as well, making the bullet more streamlined overall. The maximum radius was now attained at some 15.95mm from the tip and the overall length of the bullet increased to 26.8mm. To preserve the total length of the cartridge, the case sleeve was shortened to 38.7mm (and by rounding it is customarily referred to as 7.62×39.) Additionally, the new bullet had a core made of lead wrapped in low-carbon steel. The use of low-carbon (mild) steel was guided mostly by the desire to reuse some industrial equipment that was manufacturing the <a href="/wiki/7.62%C3%9725mm_Tokarev" title="7.62×25mm Tokarev">7.62×25mm Tokarev</a> cartridge rather than by bullet fragmentation considerations. This bullet was given the acronym "7.62 PS" (7.62 ПС). The "S" initially stood for "surrogate" (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">суррогатированная</span></span>, <i><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">surrogatirovannaya</i></span></i>), but later the letter was taken to refer to the steel component (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">стальной</span></span>, <i><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">stal'noy</i></span></i>) of the core, which accounted for about 50% of the core volume. The 7.62×39 cartridge equipped with the PS bullet finally overcame all objections of the GAU in mid-1947, when it was ordered into series production and given the index 57-N-231S.<sup id="cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oruzhie-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Field tests of the round and the new prototype AK-47 were carried out at the NIPSVO from December 16, 1947, to January 11, 1948.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The design that was ultimately selected by the Soviets has more dimensional similarities to the GECO cartridge used in the <a href="/wiki/Vollmer_M35" title="Vollmer M35">Vollmer M35</a> than with the <a href="/wiki/7.92%C3%9733mm_Kurz" title="7.92×33mm Kurz">Polte round</a> used by the later German Sturmgewehr. Some authors, including <a href="/wiki/C._J._Chivers" title="C. J. Chivers">C. J. Chivers</a>, have speculated that the Soviets may have had access to the works of GECO and Vollmer during 1940, when Hitler allowed a large number of Soviet engineers to tour various German armament factories.<sup id="cite_ref-Chivers2010_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chivers2010-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_G._Williams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anthony G. Williams (page does not exist)">Anthony G. Williams</a>, however, argues that the Soviet M43 round was so different that it was possible to dismiss the idea that it was a copy of any German round in existence at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 57-N-231S cartridge used a "bimetallic" (steel and <a href="/wiki/Tombac" title="Tombac">copper</a>) case. In the early 1960s, a "lacquered" steel case was introduced, and the new cartridge was initially given the designation 57-N-231SL. In an effort to simplify terminology, sometime thereafter the 57-N-231 designation was recycled to denote all steel-core 7.62×39 Soviet ammunition, irrespective of case build.<sup id="cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oruzhie-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the mid-1950s, Elizarov's team, now working at NII-61, developed a special subsonic bullet for the 7.62×39 cartridge. It was adopted for service in 1962, and given the army designation "7.62 US" (<i>US</i> stood for <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">уменьшенной скоростью</span></span>, meaning "reduced speed") and the GRAU index 57-N-231U. The subsonic bullet was considerably longer (33.62 mm) and heavier (12.5 g) than the PS bullet, and also had a different, non-layered core structure. The core of its head section was entirely made of <a href="/wiki/Tool_steel" title="Tool steel">tool steel</a>, followed by another section entirely made of lead. The subsonic bullet also has a larger maximum diameter of 7.94 mm compared to all other 7.62×39 bullets that peak at 7.91 mm diameter; the larger diameter of the lead-core section was intended to provide a tighter fit to the barrel by better engaging the rifling grooves. The 7.62 subsonic ammo was intended to be fired from AK-47-type rifles equipped with the PBS-1 silencer and developed a muzzle velocity of about 285–300m/s. For recognition, this ammo typically has the bullet tips painted black with a green band underneath.<sup id="cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oruzhie-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After 1989, the regular (PS) Russian bullets started to be manufactured with a steel core with a higher carbon concentration and subjected to <a href="/wiki/Heat_treatment" class="mw-redirect" title="Heat treatment">heat treatment</a>. This change improved their penetration by 1.5–2 times. It is not possible to externally distinguish these bullets from the earlier, softer PS ones except by year of fabrication. At about the same time, tool steel was adopted for a normal velocity 7.62×39 bullet. Called BP, this bullet was developed in the 1980s and 1990s. It was officially adopted for Russian service in 2002 under the service name "7.62 BP", and with the GRAU designation 7N23. The BP bullet is claimed to achieve over three times the penetration of the PS bullet; it can defeat the Russian bullet-proof vest with designation <a href="/wiki/6B5" class="mw-redirect" title="6B5">6B5</a> at distances below 250 meters. The BP cartridge has the tip of its bullet painted black. The BP bullet itself is slightly longer (27.4 mm) compared to the PS bullet, but has the same mass of 7.9 grams.<sup id="cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oruzhie-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the same 1943 meeting that decided the development new cartridge, the Soviet planners decided that a whole range of new small arms should use it, including a semi-automatic carbine, a fully automatic rifle, and a light machine gun. Design contests for these new weapons began in earnest in 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-Monetchikov_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monetchikov-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="M43">M43</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: M43"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Soviet-WW2-era-cartridges.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Soviet-WW2-era-cartridges.jpg/220px-Soviet-WW2-era-cartridges.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Soviet-WW2-era-cartridges.jpg/330px-Soviet-WW2-era-cartridges.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Soviet-WW2-era-cartridges.jpg/440px-Soviet-WW2-era-cartridges.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1086" /></a><figcaption>From left to right: <a href="/wiki/7.62%C3%9754mmR" title="7.62×54mmR">7.62×54mmR</a>, 7.62×39mm and <a href="/wiki/7.62%C3%9725mm_Tokarev" title="7.62×25mm Tokarev">7.62×25mm Tokarev</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AK-47_gunshot_wound_to_abdomen_in_Vietnam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/AK-47_gunshot_wound_to_abdomen_in_Vietnam.jpg/220px-AK-47_gunshot_wound_to_abdomen_in_Vietnam.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/AK-47_gunshot_wound_to_abdomen_in_Vietnam.jpg/330px-AK-47_gunshot_wound_to_abdomen_in_Vietnam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/AK-47_gunshot_wound_to_abdomen_in_Vietnam.jpg/440px-AK-47_gunshot_wound_to_abdomen_in_Vietnam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="852" data-file-height="509" /></a><figcaption>7.62×39mm bullet wound on an American soldier from the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The original Soviet M43 bullets are 123 grain <a href="/wiki/Boat-tail_bullet" class="mw-redirect" title="Boat-tail bullet">boat-tail bullets</a> with a copper-plated steel jacket, a large steel core, and some lead between the core and the jacket. The cartridge itself consisted of a <a href="/wiki/Berdan_primer" class="mw-redirect" title="Berdan primer">Berdan-primed</a>, highly tapered (usually steel) case which seats the bullet and contains the powder charge. The taper makes it very easy to feed and extract the round, since there is little contact with the chamber walls until the round is fully seated. This taper is what causes the <a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a> to have distinctively curved magazines (helping to distinguish AK-47s from <a href="/wiki/AK-74" title="AK-74">AK-74s</a>, which feed from a much straighter magazine). While the bullet design has gone through a few redesigns, the cartridge itself remains largely unchanged. The <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_coefficient" title="Ballistic coefficient">ballistic coefficient</a> (G7 BC) of the M1943 pattern full metal jacket boat bullet is 0.138.<sup id="cite_ref-sadj_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sadj-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The complete solidity of the M43 projectile causes its only drawback—it is very stable, even while traversing tissue. It begins to <a href="/wiki/Yaw_angle" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaw angle">yaw</a> only after traversing nearly 26 <a href="/wiki/Centimetre" title="Centimetre">cm</a> (10 <a href="/wiki/Inch" title="Inch">in</a>) of tissue.<sup id="cite_ref-uthr.org_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uthr.org-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This greatly reduces the potential wounding effectiveness of the projectile.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Type_56:_Chinese_mild_steel_core">Type 56: Chinese mild steel core</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Type 56: Chinese mild steel core"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chinese (Type 56) military ammunition (developed in 1956) is an M43-style cartridge with a mild steel core (MSC) and a copper-plated steel jacket. In 1956, the Chinese developed their own 7.62×39mm assault rifle, also designated <a href="/wiki/Type_56_assault_rifle" title="Type 56 assault rifle">Type 56</a>. It is a variant of the Soviet-designed AK-47 (specifically Type 3 and AKM) assault rifles. Production started in 1956 at State Factory 66 but was eventually handed over to <a href="/wiki/Norinco" title="Norinco">Norinco</a>, who continues to manufacture the rifle, primarily for export. Norinco developed and produced 7.62×39mm ammunition for the Type 56 rifle. The Chinese ammunition (as well as all other M43 ammunition) is currently banned from importation in the United States because U.S. federal law classifies the round as an armor-piercing handgun round. This classification is based on materials and bullet design rather than on empirical ability to penetrate armor.<sup id="cite_ref-USC_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kal._7,62mm×38_"Dutch""><span id="Kal._7.2C62mm.C3.9738_.22Dutch.22"></span>Kal. 7,62mm×38 "Dutch"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Kal. 7,62mm×38 "Dutch""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the late 1950s West Germany was investigating the concept of an intermediate service cartridge (<i>Mittelpatrone</i>). As part of a ballistic study, the West German government commissioned reverse-engineered copies of the 7.62 mm M43 round. It was made for use in SKS rifles and RPD light machine guns that they had obtained from <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Army" title="National People's Army">East German Army</a> defectors. The Dutch firm <i>Nederlandsche Wapen-en Munitiefabriek</i> (NWM) was contracted in 1958 to make the ammunition. Specifications based on captured samples were drawn up in April 1958 and production began in 1959.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>There were two different cartridges commissioned. The first was a lead-core bullet (<i>Weichkern</i>, or "soft core") with a gilding-metal jacket. It had a plain tip and red lacquer around the primer annulus to indicate that it was standard Ball ammunition. The other was an armour piercing bullet (<i>Eisenkern</i>. or "iron core") with a mild steel core and a gilding-metal jacket. It had black lacquer around the primer annulus to indicate it was armour piercing. (The early rounds were marked <i>Pantser</i> [Dutch > "Armour-Piercing"] on the packaging and had a black lacquered tip as per NATO standard markings). The brass cases were required to have a length between 38.36 and 38.7 mm, so the cartridge was designated the "7.62×38mm". It was loaded with <i>kugelpulver</i> [Dutch / German > <a href="/wiki/Ball_propellant" title="Ball propellant">"Ball powder"</a>] and used non-corrosive Sinoxid primers. The headstamp bore the metric designation (7.62×38mm) at 12 o'clock, the 2-digit year at 4 o'clock, and the contractor (NWM) at 8 o'clock.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>They were packed in 25-round cartons. The early cartons were marked in Dutch with black text on a plain white label. The later cartons were marked in German with a colored border (a red border for Ball and a black border for Armour-Piercing). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="M67">M67</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: M67"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1960s, Yugoslavia experimented with new bullet designs to produce a round with a superior wounding profile, speed, and accuracy to the M43. The M67 projectile is shorter and flatter-based than the M43. This is mainly due to the removal of the mild steel insert. This has the side effect of shifting the center of gravity rearward in comparison to the M43. This allows the projectile to destabilize nearly 17 cm (6.7 in) earlier in tissue.<sup id="cite_ref-uthr.org_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uthr.org-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This causes a pair of large stretch cavities at a depth likely to cause effective wound trauma. When the temporary stretch cavity intersects with the skin at the exit area, a larger exit wound will result, which takes longer to heal. Additionally, when the stretch cavity intersects a stiff organ like the liver, it will cause damage to that organ. However, the wounding potential of M67 is mostly limited to the small permanent wound channel the bullet itself makes, especially when the bullet does not yaw (tumble).<sup id="cite_ref-uthr.org_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uthr.org-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercial_ammunition">Commercial ammunition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Commercial ammunition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Commercial Russian-made 7.62×39mm ammunition, such as those sold under the <a href="/wiki/Wolf_Ammunition" title="Wolf Ammunition">Wolf Ammunition</a> brand name, are also available in <a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_bullet" class="mw-redirect" title="Full metal jacket bullet">full metal jacket</a> (FMJ), <a href="/wiki/Soft-point_bullet" title="Soft-point bullet">soft-point</a> (SP) and <a href="/wiki/Hollow-point_bullet" title="Hollow-point bullet">hollow-point</a> (HP) variety.<sup id="cite_ref-wolf_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wolf-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The SP bullets offer improved expansion. Commercial American Made 7.62×39mm Non-Corrosive Steel Case ammunition ,such as those made by and sold under the Advanced Armament Company brand name, are also available in <a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_bullet" class="mw-redirect" title="Full metal jacket bullet">full metal jacket</a> (FMJ) and black tip variety <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commercial ammunition differs from most military ammunition in regard to bullet composition, specifically heavy use of lead instead of soft steel or tool steel.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cartridge_dimensions">Cartridge dimensions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Cartridge dimensions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 7.62×39mm has a 2.31 mL (35.6 <a href="/wiki/Grain_(measure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grain (measure)">gr</a> H<sub>2</sub>O) cartridge case capacity. </p><p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:7.62x39mm_round.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/7.62x39mm_round.svg/500px-7.62x39mm_round.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="356" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/7.62x39mm_round.svg/750px-7.62x39mm_round.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/7.62x39mm_round.svg/1000px-7.62x39mm_round.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1123" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </p><p><b>7.62×39mm maximum C.I.P. cartridge dimensions</b>. All sizes in millimeters (mm).<sup id="cite_ref-multiref1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-multiref1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Americans define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 ≈ 16.4 degrees. The common <a href="/wiki/Rifling" title="Rifling">rifling</a> <a href="/wiki/Twist_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Twist rate">twist rate</a> for this cartridge is 240mm (1 in 9.45 in), 4 grooves, Ø lands = 7.62 millimetres (0.300 in), Ø grooves = 7.92 millimetres (0.312 in), land width = 3.81 millimetres (0.150 in) and the <a href="/wiki/Percussion_cap" title="Percussion cap">primer type</a> is usually large rifle, with the exception of commercial Remington/UMC brass using small rifle primers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>According to the official <a href="/wiki/C.I.P." class="mw-redirect" title="C.I.P.">C.I.P.</a> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Commission Internationale Permanente pour l'Epreuve des Armes à Feu Portatives</i>) rulings the 7.62×39mm can handle up to 355.00 MPa (51,488 psi) P<sub>max</sub> piezo pressure. In C.I.P. regulated countries every rifle cartridge combo has to be <a href="/wiki/Proof_(firearms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Proof (firearms)">proofed</a> at 125% of this maximum C.I.P. pressure to certify for sale to consumers. This means that 7.62×39mm chambered arms in C.I.P. regulated countries are currently (2015) proof tested at 444.00 MPa (64,397 psi) PE piezo pressure.<sup id="cite_ref-multiref1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-multiref1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/SAAMI" class="mw-redirect" title="SAAMI">SAAMI</a> maximum average pressure (MAP) for this cartridge is 45,000 psi (310.26 MPa) piezo pressure.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Basic_specifications_of_21st_century_Russian_service_loads">Basic specifications of 21st century Russian service loads</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Basic specifications of 21st century Russian service loads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:7,62x39_standard_military_bullets.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/7%2C62x39_standard_military_bullets.JPG/220px-7%2C62x39_standard_military_bullets.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/7%2C62x39_standard_military_bullets.JPG/330px-7%2C62x39_standard_military_bullets.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/7%2C62x39_standard_military_bullets.JPG/440px-7%2C62x39_standard_military_bullets.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2985" data-file-height="2305" /></a><figcaption>From left to right: steel core, 57-N-231 standard AK military bullet with steel core, green tipped 57-N-231P tracer, the tracer cup (open at the bottom, made from copper washed steel) and lead tip. The jackets of both bullets are copper washed steel.</figcaption></figure> <p>The 7.62×39mm rounds in use with the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">Armed Forces of the Russian Federation</a> are designed for <a href="/wiki/AKM" title="AKM">AKM</a> assault rifles and AK-derived light machine guns. As per 2003 there were several variants of 7.62×39mm produced for various purposes. All use clad metal as case material.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <i>57-N-231</i> conventional steel-core bullet is designed to engage personnel and weapon systems. The bullet has a steel core and has a <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_coefficient" title="Ballistic coefficient">ballistic coefficient</a> (G1 BC) of approximately 0.304 and (G7 BC) of approximately 0.152. The tip has no distinguishing colour. It can penetrate a 6 mm (0.2 in) thick St3 steel plate at 300 m (328 yd) and 6Zh85T body armour at 30 m (33 yd).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <i>7N23</i> armour-piercing bullet, introduced in 2002, has a 3.6 g (55.6 gr) sharp-pointed steel penetrator made of steel U12A and retains the soft lead plug in the nose for jacket discarding. The bullet has a black tip.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>57-N-231P</i> is a <a href="/wiki/Tracer_ammunition" title="Tracer ammunition">tracer</a> round designed for fire adjustment and target designation. The bullet has a green tip and the tracer burns for 800 m (875 yd). The <i>57-T-231PM1</i> is an improved tracer round which initiates at 50 m (55 yd) from the muzzle and burns for 850 m (930 yd).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Cartridge designation<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>57-N-231 </th> <th>57-N-231P (tracer) </th> <th>57-T-231PM1 (tracer) </th></tr> <tr> <td>Cartridge weight </td> <td>16.3 g (252 gr) </td> <td>16.1 g (248 gr) </td> <td>16.05 g (248 gr) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bullet weight </td> <td>7.9 g (121.9 gr) </td> <td>7.57 g (116.8 gr) </td> <td>7.55 g (116.5 gr) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Muzzle velocity </td> <td>718 m/s (2,356 ft/s) </td> <td>718 m/s (2,356 ft/s) </td> <td>718 m/s (2,356 ft/s) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Muzzle energy </td> <td>2,036 J (1,502 ft⋅lbf) </td> <td>1,951 J (1,439 ft⋅lbf) </td> <td>1,946 J (1,435 ft⋅lbf) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Accuracy of fire<br />at 300 m (328 yd) R<sub>50</sub><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_roundingA"><a href="#endnote_roundingA">[A]</a></sup> </td> <td>75 mm (3.0 in) </td> <td>140 mm (5.5 in) </td> <td>140 mm (5.5 in) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_roundingA"><a href="#ref_roundingA"><b><sup>A</sup></b></a></span> R<sub>50</sub> at 300 m (328 yd) means the closest 50 percent of the shot group will all be within a circle of the mentioned diameter at 300 m (328 yd).<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_roundingB"><a href="#ref_roundingB"><b><sup>B</sup></b></a></span> Military 7.62×39mm ammunition is purportedly tested to function well in temperatures ranging from −50 to 50 °C (−58 to 122 °F) cementing its usefulness in cold polar or hot desert conditions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hunting_and_sport_use">Hunting and sport use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Hunting and sport use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since approximately 1990, the 7.62×39mm cartridge has seen some use in hunting arms in the U.S. for hunting game up to the size of <a href="/wiki/Whitetail_deer" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitetail deer">whitetail deer</a>, as it is slightly less powerful than the <a href="/wiki/.30-30_Winchester" title=".30-30 Winchester">.30-30 Winchester</a> round, and has a similar ballistic profile.<sup id="cite_ref-gundigest90_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gundigest90-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Large numbers of imported semiautomatic rifles, such as the <a href="/wiki/SKS" title="SKS">SKS</a> and <a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a> clones and variants, are available in this caliber. <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> produces a 7.62×39mm AK-style <a href="/wiki/WASR-10" class="mw-redirect" title="WASR-10">WASR-10</a> modern sporting rifle designed for the sporting market.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The lower cost and higher availability of military surplus ammunition makes this cartridge attractive for many civilian hunters, plinkers, target and <a href="/wiki/Metallic_silhouette" class="mw-redirect" title="Metallic silhouette">metallic silhouette</a> shooters.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In addition, several <a href="/wiki/AR-15_style_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="AR-15 style rifle">AR-15</a> manufacturers have produced the 7.62×39mm option. Some current and past companies include <a href="/wiki/MidwayUSA" title="MidwayUSA">AR-Stoner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armalite" class="mw-redirect" title="Armalite">Armalite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colt%27s_Manufacturing_Company" title="Colt's Manufacturing Company">Colt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rock_River_Arms" title="Rock River Arms">Rock River Arms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Arms" title="Olympic Arms">Olympic Arms</a>, <a href="/wiki/DPMS_Panther_Arms" title="DPMS Panther Arms">DPMS</a>, Del-Ton Inc, and ModelOne Sales. Custom builds and conversion kits are available as well. Wide availability and low-cost ammo with a wide variety of manufacturers make it a much lower cost of operation compared to other 5.56×45mm alternatives. Conversions include a new bolt, firing pin, extractor, barrel, and magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 1, 2014, <a href="/wiki/CMMG" class="mw-redirect" title="CMMG">CMMG</a> introduced the Mk47 Mutant (later rebranded to Resolute line) rifle in 7.62×39mm, using a cut-down AR10 bolt.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ruger" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruger">Ruger</a> produces the <a href="/wiki/Mini-30" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini-30">Ruger Mini Thirty</a> as a 7.62×39mm version of its popular Ruger <a href="/wiki/Mini-14" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini-14">Mini-14</a> rifle.<sup id="cite_ref-gundigest902_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gundigest902-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, Ruger began production of a model of the <a href="/wiki/Ruger_American_Rifle" title="Ruger American Rifle">American Rifle</a> in 7.62×39.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have also offered variants of the bolt-action <a href="/wiki/Ruger_M77" title="Ruger M77">M77</a> in this caliber.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Remington_Arms" title="Remington Arms">Remington Arms</a> advertised the compact <a href="/wiki/Remington_Model_799" title="Remington Model 799">Model 799</a> Mini Mauser bolt-action rifle chambered in 7.62×39mm in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Mauser action is a copy of the <a href="/wiki/Gewehr_98" title="Gewehr 98">Gewehr 98</a> model rifle's action.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/CZ-USA" class="mw-redirect" title="CZ-USA">CZ-USA</a> sells the <a href="/wiki/CZ_527" title="CZ 527">CZ 527</a> carbine, a "micro length Mauser style" bolt-action rifle chambered in 7.62×39mm and .223 Remington.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Savage_Arms" title="Savage Arms">Savage Arms</a> has introduced (around 2010–2011) their own bolt-action 10 FCM scout rifle in 7.62×39mm.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both the <a href="/wiki/SIG_Sauer_SIG516" title="SIG Sauer SIG516">SIG Sauer SIG516</a> Russian and the <a href="/wiki/SIG_SG_550" title="SIG SG 550">SIG 556R</a> are chambered in 7.62×39mm.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 2016, <a href="/wiki/Howa" title="Howa">Howa</a> introduced a bolt-action rifle chambered in 7.62×39mm that uses their long-standing <a href="/wiki/Howa_M1500" class="mw-redirect" title="Howa M1500">Howa M1500</a> barreled action. The model is called the Howa Mini-Action and is specifically designed for shorter intermediate cartridges.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RussianWP.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wound profiles of Russian small-arms ammunition compiled by Martin Fackler on behalf of the U.S. military"><img alt="Wound profiles of Russian small-arms ammunition compiled by Martin Fackler on behalf of the U.S. military" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/RussianWP.jpg/120px-RussianWP.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/RussianWP.jpg/180px-RussianWP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/RussianWP.jpg/240px-RussianWP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="584" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wound profiles of Russian small-arms ammunition compiled by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Fackler" title="Martin Fackler">Martin Fackler</a> on behalf of the U.S. military</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AK-47_7.62x39mm_wound_ballistics.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Wound ballistics profile of 7.62×39mm"><img alt="Wound ballistics profile of 7.62×39mm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/AK-47_7.62x39mm_wound_ballistics.gif/120px-AK-47_7.62x39mm_wound_ballistics.gif" decoding="async" width="120" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/AK-47_7.62x39mm_wound_ballistics.gif/180px-AK-47_7.62x39mm_wound_ballistics.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/AK-47_7.62x39mm_wound_ballistics.gif/240px-AK-47_7.62x39mm_wound_ballistics.gif 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="221" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wound ballistics profile of 7.62×39mm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:7.62x39_Russian.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="7.62×39mm ammunition and snap cap"><img alt="7.62×39mm ammunition and snap cap" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/7.62x39_Russian.jpg/120px-7.62x39_Russian.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/7.62x39_Russian.jpg/180px-7.62x39_Russian.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/7.62x39_Russian.jpg/240px-7.62x39_Russian.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">7.62×39mm ammunition and snap cap</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flickr_-_~Steve_Z~_-_Tula6.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="SKS rifle with a 10-round stripper clip of 7.62×39mm ammunition"><img alt="SKS rifle with a 10-round stripper clip of 7.62×39mm ammunition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flickr_-_~Steve_Z~_-_Tula6.jpg/120px-Flickr_-_~Steve_Z~_-_Tula6.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flickr_-_~Steve_Z~_-_Tula6.jpg/180px-Flickr_-_~Steve_Z~_-_Tula6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flickr_-_~Steve_Z~_-_Tula6.jpg/240px-Flickr_-_~Steve_Z~_-_Tula6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="688" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/SKS" title="SKS">SKS rifle</a> with a 10-round stripper clip of 7.62×39mm ammunition</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RK-62_Assault_rifle_magazine_with_bullets.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Magazine for a Finnish RK-62 loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition"><img alt="Magazine for a Finnish RK-62 loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/RK-62_Assault_rifle_magazine_with_bullets.jpg/52px-RK-62_Assault_rifle_magazine_with_bullets.jpg" decoding="async" width="52" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/RK-62_Assault_rifle_magazine_with_bullets.jpg/78px-RK-62_Assault_rifle_magazine_with_bullets.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/RK-62_Assault_rifle_magazine_with_bullets.jpg/105px-RK-62_Assault_rifle_magazine_with_bullets.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1087" data-file-height="2489" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Magazine for a Finnish RK-62 loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bakelite_AK_magazines.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=""Bakelite" polymer AK magazines loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition"><img alt=""Bakelite" polymer AK magazines loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bakelite_AK_magazines.jpg/120px-Bakelite_AK_magazines.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bakelite_AK_magazines.jpg/180px-Bakelite_AK_magazines.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bakelite_AK_magazines.jpg/240px-Bakelite_AK_magazines.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">"Bakelite" polymer AK magazines loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:7.62x39mm_Clips.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Three magazines and a stripper clip loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition"><img alt="Three magazines and a stripper clip loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/7.62x39mm_Clips.jpg/120px-7.62x39mm_Clips.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/7.62x39mm_Clips.jpg/180px-7.62x39mm_Clips.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/7.62x39mm_Clips.jpg/240px-7.62x39mm_Clips.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Three magazines and a stripper clip loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AK-magazine-filling.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Loading 7.62×39mm ammunition into an AK magazine"><img alt="Loading 7.62×39mm ammunition into an AK magazine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/AK-magazine-filling.jpg/80px-AK-magazine-filling.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/AK-magazine-filling.jpg/120px-AK-magazine-filling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/AK-magazine-filling.jpg/160px-AK-magazine-filling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="4256" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Loading 7.62×39mm ammunition into an AK magazine</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AK-47_magazine.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An AK magazine loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition"><img alt="An AK magazine loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/AK-47_magazine.jpg/120px-AK-47_magazine.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/AK-47_magazine.jpg/180px-AK-47_magazine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/AK-47_magazine.jpg/240px-AK-47_magazine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">An AK magazine loaded with 7.62×39mm ammunition</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_7.62%C3%9739mm_firearms" title="List of 7.62×39mm firearms">List of 7.62×39mm firearms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.220_Russian" class="mw-redirect" title=".220 Russian">.220 Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.300_AAC_Blackout" title=".300 AAC Blackout">.300 AAC Blackout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7.62_mm_caliber" title="7.62 mm caliber">7.62 mm caliber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9%C3%9739mm" title="9×39mm">9×39mm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rifle_cartridges" title="List of rifle cartridges">List of rifle cartridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_of_handgun_and_rifle_cartridges" title="Table of handgun and rifle cartridges">Table of handgun and rifle cartridges</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190125073536/https://saami.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/SAAMI-Z299.4-Centerfire-Rifle-Approved-12-14-2015.pdf">"SAAMI spec sheet (7.62x39mm on page 53)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://saami.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/SAAMI-Z299.4-Centerfire-Rifle-Approved-12-14-2015.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2019-01-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SAAMI+spec+sheet+%287.62x39mm+on+page+53%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsaami.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F01%2FSAAMI-Z299.4-Centerfire-Rifle-Approved-12-14-2015.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cip-bobp.org/homologation/uploads/tdcc/tab-i/7-62-x-39-en.pdf">"CIP spec sheet for 7.62x39mm"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180714014643/http://www.cip-bobp.org/homologation/uploads/tdcc/tab-i/7-62-x-39-en.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2018-07-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CIP+spec+sheet+for+7.62x39mm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cip-bobp.org%2Fhomologation%2Fuploads%2Ftdcc%2Ftab-i%2F7-62-x-39-en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wolf-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wolf_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wolf_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wolfammo.com/steel-casing.html">"Steel Cased Ammo – Wolf Performance Ammunition"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161106155500/http://wolfammo.com/steel-casing.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Steel+Cased+Ammo+%E2%80%93+Wolf+Performance+Ammunition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wolfammo.com%2Fsteel-casing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sellier-bellot.cz/en/product/rifle-ammunition/rifle-ammunitions-training-fmj/products/detail/216/">"Product detail 7,62×39 — Sellier & Bellot"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151205164522/http://www.sellier-bellot.cz/en/product/rifle-ammunition/rifle-ammunitions-training-fmj/products/detail/216/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Product+detail+7%2C62%C3%9739+%E2%80%94+Sellier+%26+Bellot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sellier-bellot.cz%2Fen%2Fproduct%2Frifle-ammunition%2Frifle-ammunitions-training-fmj%2Fproducts%2Fdetail%2F216%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrence2015" class="citation book cs1">Lawrence, Erik (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uYgyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT17"><i>Practical Guide to the Operational Use of the RPD Machine Gun</i></a>. Erik Lawrence Publications. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-941998-35-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-941998-35-9"><bdi>978-1-941998-35-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Practical+Guide+to+the+Operational+Use+of+the+RPD+Machine+Gun&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=Erik+Lawrence+Publications&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-941998-35-9&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuYgyBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Monetchikov-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Monetchikov_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Monetchikov_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonetchikov2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Monetchikov, Sergei (2005). <bdi lang="ru">История русского автомата</bdi> [<i>The History of Russian Assault Rifle</i>] (in Russian). St. Petersburg: <a href="/wiki/Military_Historical_Museum_of_Artillery,_Engineers_and_Signal_Corps" title="Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineers and Signal Corps">Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineers and Signal Corps</a>. pp. 24–25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-5-98655-006-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-5-98655-006-0"><bdi>978-5-98655-006-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&rft.place=St.+Petersburg&rft.pages=24-25&rft.pub=Military+Historical+Museum+of+Artillery%2C+Engineers+and+Signal+Corps&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-5-98655-006-0&rft.aulast=Monetchikov&rft.aufirst=Sergei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oruzhie-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oruzhie_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Патрон – основа оружия. Глава третья. Из истории автоматного 7,62-мм патрона образца 1943 г. (7,62х39)", <i>Оружие</i> 2005/9, pp. 21–44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chivers2010-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chivers2010_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFC._J._Chivers2010" class="citation book cs1">C. J. Chivers (2010). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gun00chiv/page/166"><i>The Gun</i></a></span>. Simon & Schuster. pp. 166–167. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4391-9653-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4391-9653-3"><bdi>978-1-4391-9653-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-11-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gun&rft.pages=166-167&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4391-9653-3&rft.au=C.+J.+Chivers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgun00chiv%2Fpage%2F166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2014" class="citation web cs1">Williams, Anthony G (November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150717161844/http://quarryhs.co.uk/Assault.htm">"Assault Rifles and Their Ammunition: History and Prospects"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quarryhs.co.uk/Assault.htm">the original</a> on 17 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Assault+Rifles+and+Their+Ammunition%3A+History+and+Prospects&rft.date=2014-11&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Anthony+G&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quarryhs.co.uk%2FAssault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sadj-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sadj_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150123095232/http://www.sadefensejournal.com/wp/?p=2414">"The 6.5×40 Cartridge: Longer Reach for the M4 & M16"</a>. <i>Small Arms Defense Journal</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sadefensejournal.com/wp/?p=2414">the original</a> on 2015-01-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-01-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Small+Arms+Defense+Journal&rft.atitle=The+6.5%C3%9740+Cartridge%3A+Longer+Reach+for+the+M4+%26+M16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sadefensejournal.com%2Fwp%2F%3Fp%3D2414&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uthr.org-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-uthr.org_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uthr.org_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uthr.org_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Military rifle bullet wound patterns – by Martin L. Fackler. From: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.uthr.org/SpecialReports/Military_rifle_bullet_wound_patterns.htm">http://www.uthr.org/SpecialReports/Military_rifle_bullet_wound_patterns.htm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110910081057/http://www.uthr.org/SpecialReports/Military_rifle_bullet_wound_patterns.htm">Archived</a> 2011-09-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved on November 9, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USC-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USC_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/921">"US Code: Title 18, Part 1, Chapter 44, § 921"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160102045939/https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/921">Archived</a> from the original on 2 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+Code%3A+Title+18%2C+Part+1%2C+Chapter+44%2C+%C2%A7+921&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.cornell.edu%2Fuscode%2Ftext%2F18%2F921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFY2024" class="citation web cs1">Y, Daniel (2024-05-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2024/05/07/aac-soviet-ammo-7-62x39-steel-case-ammo-now-shipping/">"AAC Soviet Ammo 7.62×39 Steel Case Ammo Now Shipping"</a>. <i>thefirearmblog.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thefirearmblog.com&rft.atitle=AAC+Soviet+Ammo+7.62%C3%9739+Steel+Case+Ammo+Now+Shipping&rft.date=2024-05-07&rft.aulast=Y&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefirearmblog.com%2Fblog%2F2024%2F05%2F07%2Faac-soviet-ammo-7-62x39-steel-case-ammo-now-shipping%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-multiref1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-multiref1_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-multiref1_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cip-bobp.org/homologation/uploads/tdcc/tab-i/7-62-x-39-en.pdf">"C.I.P. TDCC sheet 7,62 x 39"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150122172137/http://www.cip-bobp.org/homologation/uploads/tdcc/tab-i/7-62-x-39-en.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2015-01-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-01-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=C.I.P.+TDCC+sheet+7%2C62+x+39&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cip-bobp.org%2Fhomologation%2Fuploads%2Ftdcc%2Ftab-i%2F7-62-x-39-en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saami.org/specifications_and_information/specifications/Velocity_Pressure_CfR.pdf">ANSI/SAAMI Velocity & Pressure Data: Centerfire Rifle</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130702015600/http://saami.org/specifications_and_information/specifications/Velocity_Pressure_CfR.pdf">Archived</a> 2013-07-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://patronen.su/forum/index.php?action=gallery;sa=view;id=5230">"патрон 7,62х39 7н23"</a>. <i>patronen.su</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190212070659/http://patronen.su/forum/index.php?action=gallery;sa=view;id=5230">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-02-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=patronen.su&rft.atitle=%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD+7%2C62%D1%8539+7%D0%BD23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpatronen.su%2Fforum%2Findex.php%3Faction%3Dgallery%3Bsa%3Dview%3Bid%3D5230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFСоловцов_Е.В." class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Соловцов Е.В. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://conjuncture.ru/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/book-solovtsov-intermediate-ammunitions-2015.pdf"><bdi lang="ru">Российские боеприпасы Промежуточные патроны</bdi></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Russian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190202200915/http://conjuncture.ru/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/book-solovtsov-intermediate-ammunitions-2015.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B&rft.au=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%95.%D0%92.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fconjuncture.ru%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F05%2Fbook-solovtsov-intermediate-ammunitions-2015.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.military-today.com/russian_land_forces.pdf">Russian 7.62x34mm Rounds for Rifles and Machine Guns, Land Forces Weapons Export Catalog, page 85</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111216040458/http://www.military-today.com/russian_land_forces.pdf">Archived</a> 2011-12-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://warfare.be/db/linkid/2466/catid/339/">"warfare.be"</a>. <i>warfare.be</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151107114248/http://warfare.be/db/linkid/2466/catid/339/">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-11-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=warfare.be&rft.atitle=warfare.be&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwarfare.be%2Fdb%2Flinkid%2F2466%2Fcatid%2F339%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gundigest90-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gundigest90_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarner1989" class="citation book cs1">Warner, Ken (1989). <i>Gun Digest 1990: 44th Edition</i>. DBI Books. p. 147. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87349-038-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87349-038-2"><bdi>978-0-87349-038-2</bdi></a>. <q>Trajectories are identical according to Remington</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gun+Digest+1990%3A+44th+Edition&rft.pages=147&rft.pub=DBI+Books&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-87349-038-2&rft.aulast=Warner&rft.aufirst=Ken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdelmann2014" class="citation web cs1">Adelmann, Steve (2014-09-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shootingillustrated.com/articles/2014/9/26/ar-accuracy-with-762x39-mm/">"AR Accuracy with 7.62x39 mm"</a>. <i>www.shootingillustrated.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160916105310/https://www.shootingillustrated.com/articles/2014/9/26/ar-accuracy-with-762x39-mm/">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-09-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-04-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.shootingillustrated.com&rft.atitle=AR+Accuracy+with+7.62x39+mm&rft.date=2014-09-26&rft.aulast=Adelmann&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shootingillustrated.com%2Farticles%2F2014%2F9%2F26%2Far-accuracy-with-762x39-mm%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gundigest902-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gundigest902_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarner1989" class="citation book cs1">Warner, Ken (1989). <i>Gun Digest 1990: 44th Edition</i>. DBI Books. p. 147. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87349-038-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87349-038-2"><bdi>978-0-87349-038-2</bdi></a>. <q>Trajectories are identical according to Remington</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gun+Digest+1990%3A+44th+Edition&rft.pages=147&rft.pub=DBI+Books&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-87349-038-2&rft.aulast=Warner&rft.aufirst=Ken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ruger.com/products/miniThirty/models.html%20Mini-Thirty">"Ruger® Mini-14® Mini Thirty® Rifle Autoloading Rifle Models"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ruger%C2%AE+Mini-14%C2%AE+Mini+Thirty%C2%AE+Rifle+Autoloading+Rifle+Models&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fruger.com%2Fproducts%2FminiThirty%2Fmodels.html%2520Mini-Thirty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ruger.com/news/2017-08-30a.html">"Ruger News"</a>. <i>www.ruger.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019004228/http://www.ruger.com/news/2017-08-30a.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ruger.com&rft.atitle=Ruger+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ruger.com%2Fnews%2F2017-08-30a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ruger.com/news/2009-01-14f.html">"Ruger News"</a>. <i>www.ruger.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019004022/http://www.ruger.com/news/2009-01-14f.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-10-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ruger.com&rft.atitle=Ruger+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ruger.com%2Fnews%2F2009-01-14f.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100701142851/http://www.remington.com/pages/news-and-resources/press-releases/2006/firearms/mauser-action-rifles-now-in-remington-country.aspx">"Mauser Action Rifles Now in Remington Country"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.remington.com/pages/news-and-resources/press-releases/2006/firearms/mauser-action-rifles-now-in-remington-country.aspx">the original</a> on 2010-07-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-08-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mauser+Action+Rifles+Now+in+Remington+Country&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.remington.com%2Fpages%2Fnews-and-resources%2Fpress-releases%2F2006%2Ffirearms%2Fmauser-action-rifles-now-in-remington-country.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRand" class="citation web cs1">Rand. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cz-usa.com/products/view/cz-527-carbine/">"CZ-USA"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100901034427/http://cz-usa.com/products/view/cz-527-carbine/">Archived</a> from the original on 2010-09-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-08-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CZ-USA&rft.au=Rand&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcz-usa.com%2Fproducts%2Fview%2Fcz-527-carbine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.savagearms.com/firearms/model/10FCM+SCOUT">"Savage Arms"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110503210927/http://www.savagearms.com/firearms/model/10FCM+SCOUT">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-05-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-05-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Savage+Arms&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.savagearms.com%2Ffirearms%2Fmodel%2F10FCM%2BSCOUT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2017/1/13/tested-howa-1500-mini-bolt-highlander-762x39-mm-rifle/">"Test:Howa 1500 Mini Bolt Highlander 7.62x39 mm Rifle by B. Gil Horman – Friday, January 13, 2017"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170409112518/https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2017/1/13/tested-howa-1500-mini-bolt-highlander-762x39-mm-rifle/">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Test%3AHowa+1500+Mini+Bolt+Highlander+7.62x39+mm+Rifle+by+B.+Gil+Horman+%E2%80%93+Friday%2C+January+13%2C+2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanrifleman.org%2Farticles%2F2017%2F1%2F13%2Ftested-howa-1500-mini-bolt-highlander-762x39-mm-rifle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7.62%C3%9739mm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> Юрий Пономарёв "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kalashnikov.ru/upload/medialibrary/804/10_16.pdf">БИОГРАФИЯ ПАТРОНА</a>", <i>КАЛАШНИКОВ. ОРУЖИЕ, БОЕПРИПАСЫ, СНАРЯЖЕНИЕ</i> 2004/8, pp.10–16</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> К. Соловьев, “"Попурри" для символов 7,62” (factory identification guide), <i>Ружье. Оружие и амуниция</i> 1996/1, pp.28–33</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7.62%C3%9739mm&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:7.62_x_39_mm_cartridges" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:7.62 x 39 mm cartridges">7.62 x 39 mm cartridges</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140107223600/http://gunsru.ru/rg_patron_7_62x39_eng.html">7.62x39 submachine gun cartridges</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conjay.com/Ammunition%20for%20Armor%20Testing%20East%207.62mm%20x%2039.htm">Various photos of 7.62×39mm ammunition</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606103534/http://www.conjay.com/Ammunition%20for%20Armor%20Testing%20East%207.62mm%20x%2039.htm">Archived</a> 2011-06-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cartridges_derived_from_the_7.62×39mm_or_its_derivatives" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" 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title="Template talk:7.62×39derivatives"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:7.62%C3%9739derivatives" title="Special:EditPage/Template:7.62×39derivatives"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cartridges_derived_from_the_7.62×39mm_or_its_derivatives" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cartridges derived from the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">7.62×39mm</a> or its derivatives</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">First generation derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5.45%C3%9739mm" title="5.45×39mm">5.45×39mm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.220_Russian" class="mw-redirect" title=".220 Russian">5.6×39mm/.220 Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9%C3%9739mm" title="9×39mm">9×39mm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.366_TKM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".366 TKM (page does not exist)">.366 TKM</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_4.jpg/70px-7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_4.jpg/105px-7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_4.jpg/140px-7.62x39_-_FMJ_-_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Second generation derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">based on 5.6×39mm/.220 Russian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.22_PPC" title=".22 PPC">.22 PPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_mm_PPC" class="mw-redirect" title="6 mm PPC">6 mm PPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6.5mm_Grendel" title="6.5mm Grendel">6.5mm Grendel</a></li> <li>.30 Walker</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Based on 5.45×39mm</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5.45%C3%9739mm_PSP" title="5.45×39mm PSP">5.45×39mm PSP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Third generation derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="based_on_6.5mm_Grendel" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">based on 6.5mm Grendel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6mm_AR" title="6mm AR">6mm AR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6mm_ARC" title="6mm ARC">6mm ARC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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