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Michel Mayor - Wikipedia

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id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Michel Mayor</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 61 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ميشيل مايور – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميشيل مايور" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ميشيل مايور – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ميشيل مايور" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="میشل مایر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="میشل مایر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%91%D1%80" title="Мішэль Маёр – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мішэль Маёр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Мишел Майор – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мишел Майор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B0" title="মিশেল মাইয়র – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মিশেল মাইয়র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%AD%CE%BB_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%81" title="Μισέλ Μαγιόρ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μισέλ Μαγιόρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1" title="میشل مایور – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میشل مایور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A8" title="מישל מאיור – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מישל מאיור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="मिशेल मेयर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मिशेल मेयर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%B7%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%80" title="Միշել Մայոր – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միշել Մայոր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ミシェル・マイヨール – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミシェル・マイヨール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Мишель Майор – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мишель Майор" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EC%85%B8_%EB%A7%88%EC%9A%94%EB%A5%B4" title="미셸 마요르 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미셸 마요르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Мишель Майор – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мишель Майор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Mayor" title="Michael Mayor – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Michael Mayor" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Мишел Мајор – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мишел Мајор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC" title="മൈക്കൽ മേയർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൈക്കൽ മേയർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1" title="میشل مایور – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="میشل مایور" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Nedersaksisch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0" title="ਮਿਸ਼ੇਲ ਮੇਅਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਿਸ਼ੇਲ ਮੇਅਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%80,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Майор, Мишель – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Майор, Мишель" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Мишел Мајор – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мишел Мајор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Michel Mayor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="மிசல் மயோர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மிசல் மயோர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="มีแชล มายอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มีแชล มายอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a 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alt="Nobelprijswinnaar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/25px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/38px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/50px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span>&#160;&#160;Michel Mayor </th></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightsteelblue; color:inherit; text-align:center;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/12_januari" title="12 januari">12 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Michel_Mayor_astrophysicien_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Michel Mayor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Michel_Mayor_astrophysicien_cropped.jpg/266px-Michel_Mayor_astrophysicien_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="355" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Michel_Mayor_astrophysicien_cropped.jpg/399px-Michel_Mayor_astrophysicien_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Michel_Mayor_astrophysicien_cropped.jpg/532px-Michel_Mayor_astrophysicien_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">Michel Mayor</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Geboorteland </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Zwitserland" title="Zwitserland">Zwitserland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Geboorteplaats </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Echallens_(gemeente)" title="Echallens (gemeente)">Echallens</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nobelprijs </th> <td colspan="2">Natuurkunde </td></tr> <tr> <th>Jaar </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2019" title="2019">2019</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Reden </th> <td colspan="2">voor de ontdekking van een exoplaneet die rond een zonachtige ster draait </td></tr> <tr> <th>Samen met </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Didier Queloz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Gedeeld met </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">James Peebles</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="nowrap">Voorganger(s)</span> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashkin" title="Arthur Ashkin">Arthur Ashkin</a><br /><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Gérard Mourou</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Donna Strickland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opvolger(s) </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Reinhard Genzel</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez">Andrea Ghez</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Roger Penrose</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:lightsteelblue; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>&#160; <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span> &#160; </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Natuurkunde" title="Portaal:Natuurkunde">Natuurkunde</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Michel Gustave Édouard Mayor</b> (<a href="/wiki/Echallens_(gemeente)" title="Echallens (gemeente)">Echallens</a>, <a href="/wiki/12_januari" title="12 januari">12 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a>) is Zwitsers <a href="/wiki/Professor" title="Professor">professor</a> aan de <a href="/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie">Astronomische Faculteit</a> van de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Gen%C3%A8ve" title="Universiteit van Genève">Universiteit van Genève</a>. Hij is verantwoordelijk voor de ontdekking van de eerste <a href="/wiki/Exoplaneet" title="Exoplaneet">extrasolaire planeet</a> in het <a href="/wiki/Sterrenbeeld" title="Sterrenbeeld">sterrenbeeld</a> <a href="/wiki/Pegasus_(sterrenbeeld)" title="Pegasus (sterrenbeeld)">Pegasus</a>. </p><p>Met de hulp van zijn medewerker <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Didier Queloz</a> kon hij, gebruikmakend van een <a href="/wiki/Spectrograaf" title="Spectrograaf">spectrograaf</a> met hoog oplossend vermogen, in 1995 het bestaan aantonen van een om de ster <a href="/wiki/51_Pegasi" title="51 Pegasi">Pegasus 51</a> <a href="/wiki/Rotatie_(natuurkunde)" title="Rotatie (natuurkunde)">roterende</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(planeet)" title="Jupiter (planeet)">jupiterachtige</a> <a href="/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet">planeet</a>. </p><p>Het bestaan van <i>51 Pegasi B</i>, zoals de Joviaanse <a href="/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet">planeet</a> sindsdien genoemd wordt, werd op 12 oktober 1995 door de Amerikaanse <a href="/wiki/Wetenschapper" title="Wetenschapper">wetenschappers</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoffrey_Marcy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoffrey Marcy (de pagina bestaat niet)">Marcy</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=R._Paul_Butler&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="R. Paul Butler (de pagina bestaat niet)">Butler</a> bevestigd en geldt als mijlpaal in de geschiedenis van de <a href="/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie">astronomie</a>. Mayor en Queloz kregen hiervoor samen de <a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs_voor_Natuurkunde" title="Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde">Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde</a> 2019 die ze moesten delen met <a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">James Peebles</a> 'voor bijgedragen aan ons begrip van de evolutie van het heelal en de plek van de aarde in de kosmos'. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Mayor&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Mayor&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Biografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Na zijn <a href="/wiki/Natuurkunde" title="Natuurkunde">natuurkundestudie</a> aan de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Lausanne" title="Universiteit van Lausanne">Universiteit van Lausanne</a> promoveerde Mayor in 1971 aan het <a href="/wiki/Sterrenwacht" title="Sterrenwacht">observatorium</a> van <a href="/wiki/Gen%C3%A8ve_(stad)" title="Genève (stad)">Genève</a> op het vakgebied van de <a href="/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie">astronomie</a>. Sindsdien bleef hij ononderbroken verbonden aan het Geneefse observatorium, ook gedurende zijn verschillende onderzoeken aan buitenlandse observatoria, zoals het observatorium van het <a href="/wiki/Engeland" title="Engeland">Engelse</a> <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_(Verenigd_Koninkrijk)" title="Cambridge (Verenigd Koninkrijk)">Cambridge</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Europese_Zuidelijke_Sterrenwacht" title="Europese Zuidelijke Sterrenwacht">Europese Zuidelijke Sterrenwacht</a> (<a href="/wiki/Europese_Zuidelijke_Sterrenwacht" title="Europese Zuidelijke Sterrenwacht">ESO</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Chili" title="Chili">Chili</a> en het <a href="/wiki/Mauna_Kea-observatorium" title="Mauna Kea-observatorium">Mauna Kea-observatorium</a> op <a href="/wiki/Hawa%C3%AF" title="Hawaï">Hawaï</a>. </p><p>In 2005 stonden al meer dan 300 wetenschappelijke publicaties op zijn naam. </p><p>Van 1989 tot 1992 was hij voorzitter van ESO's wetenschappelijke raad van toezicht; van 1988 tot 1991 leidde hij de Commissie voor Galactische Structuur bij de Internationale Astronomische Vereniging en van 1990 tot 1993 zwaaide hij de scepter over het Zwitserse Genootschap voor <a href="/wiki/Astrofysica" title="Astrofysica">Astrofysica</a> en Astronomie. </p><p>Sinds de ontdekking van <i>Pegasus 51b</i> stond Michel Mayor met zijn onderzoeksteam aan de wieg van de ontdekking van nog veel meer exoplaneten. In 2003 werd daartoe bovendien nog zijn nieuwste planeten-zoekinstrument, de zogenaamde <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=High_Accuracy_Radial_Velocity_Planet_Searcher&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (de pagina bestaat niet)">High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher</a> (HARPS)</i> in gebruik genomen. HARPS is een uiterst nauwkeurige <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echelle-spectrograaf&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Echelle-spectrograaf (de pagina bestaat niet)">echelle-spectrograaf</a>. Het instrument werd in 2002 geïnstalleerd en ontving zijn <i><a href="/wiki/Eerste_licht" title="Eerste licht">eerste licht</a></i> in februari 2003 van <a href="/wiki/Europese_Zuidelijke_Sterrenwacht" title="Europese Zuidelijke Sterrenwacht">ESO</a>'s 3,6 meter <a href="/wiki/Telescoop_(optica)" title="Telescoop (optica)">telescoop</a> in het <a href="/wiki/La_Silla_Observatorium" class="mw-redirect" title="La Silla Observatorium">La Silla Observatorium</a> in Chili. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Onderscheidingen">Onderscheidingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Mayor&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Onderscheidingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Mayor&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Onderscheidingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In augustus 1998 ontving hij de <a href="/wiki/Zwitserland" title="Zwitserland">Zwitserse</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcel_Benoist_Prijs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcel Benoist Prijs (de pagina bestaat niet)">Marcel Benoist Prijs</a> <i>"als erkenning voor zijn onderzoeksprestaties en hun betekenis voor het menselijk leven"</i>. In 2000 werd hij onderscheiden met de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balzan_Prijs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Balzan Prijs (de pagina bestaat niet)">Balzan Prijs</a>, en in 2001 ontving hij een eredoctoraat van de <a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</a>. In 2004 werd hem de <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einsteinmedaille" title="Albert Einsteinmedaille">Albert Einsteinmedaille</a> toegekend. In 2005 werden hij en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoffrey_Marcy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoffrey Marcy (de pagina bestaat niet)">Geoffrey Marcy</a> gezamenlijk geëerd met de prestigieuze <a href="/wiki/The_Shaw_Prize" title="The Shaw Prize">Shawprijs voor astronomie</a>. En in 2019 kreeg hij de <a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs_voor_Natuurkunde" title="Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde">Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde</a> samen met <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Didier Queloz</a> die beiden mochten delen met <a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">James Peebles</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Mayor&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Mayor&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.einstein-bern.ch/index.php?lang=de&amp;show=laudatio&amp;subs=mayor">Verlening van de Albert Einstein-medaille aan Michel Mayor (10 juni 2004)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080316220110/http://www.ls.eso.org/lasilla/sciops/3p6/harps/">HARPS Home Page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eso.org/">ESO Home Page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/">The 2019 Physics Laureates</a>, nobelprize.org</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken 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role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Winnaars_van_de_Nobelprijs_voor_Natuurkunde" data-expandtext="Uitklappen" data-collapsetext="Inklappen"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_winnaars_van_de_Nobelprijs_voor_Natuurkunde" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie winnaars van de Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span class="ui-state-disabled" 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decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Winnaars_van_de_Nobelprijs_voor_Natuurkunde" class="navigatie-titel">Winnaars van de <a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs_voor_Natuurkunde" title="Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde">Nobelprijs voor Natuurkunde</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b>1901–1925:</b></td><td class="rechts">1901:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Röntgen">Röntgen</a> · 1902:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Lorentz">Lorentz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Zeeman</a> · 1903:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Antoine_Henri_Becquerel" title="Antoine Henri Becquerel">Becquerel</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">P. Curie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">M. Curie</a></span> · 1904:&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_William_Strutt" title="John William Strutt">Rayleigh</a> · 1905:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Philipp_Eduard_Anton_Lenard" title="Philipp Eduard Anton Lenard">Lenard</a> · <span class="nowrap">1906: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">J.J. Thomson</a></span> · 1907:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Albert_Michelson" title="Albert Michelson">Michelson</a> · 1908:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Jonas_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Jonas Lippmann">Lippmann</a> · 1909:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Marconi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ferdinand_Braun" title="Karl Ferdinand Braun">Braun</a> · <span class="nowrap">1910: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">van der Waals</a></span> · 1911:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wien</a> · 1912:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Nils_Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Nils Gustaf Dalén">Dalén</a> · <span class="nowrap">1913 <a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Kamerlingh Onnes</a></span> · <span class="nowrap">1914: <a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">von Laue</a></span> · <span class="nowrap">1915: <a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_Bragg" title="William Lawrence Bragg">W.L. Bragg</a></span> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">W.H. Bragg</a></span> · <span style="color:">1916</span> · 1917:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Barkla</a> · 1918:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a> · 1919:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Stark</a> · 1920:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Charles-%C3%89douard_Guillaume" title="Charles-Édouard Guillaume">Guillaume</a> · 1921:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a> · <span class="nowrap">1922: <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N. Bohr</a></span> · <span class="nowrap">1923:<a href="/wiki/Robert_Millikan" title="Robert Millikan">Millikan</a></span> · <span class="nowrap">1924 <a href="/wiki/Manne_Siegbahn" title="Manne Siegbahn">M. Siegbahn</a></span> · 1925:&#160;<a href="/wiki/James_Franck" title="James Franck">Franck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Ludwig_Hertz" title="Gustav Ludwig Hertz">Hertz</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>1926–1950:</b></td><td class="rechts">1926:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jean_Perrin" title="Jean Perrin">Perrin</a> · 1927:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Arthur_Holly_Compton" title="Arthur Holly Compton">Compton</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">C.T.R. Wilson</a></span> · <span class="nowrap">1928: <a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">O.W. Richardson</a></span> · <span class="nowrap">1929: <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">de Broglie</a></span> · 1930:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Chandrasekhara_Raman" title="Chandrasekhara Raman">Raman</a> · <span style="color:">1931</span> · 1932:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a> · 1933:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Dirac</a> · <span style="color:">1934</span> · 1935:&#160;<a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">Chadwick</a> · 1936:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Victor_Franz_Hess" title="Victor Franz Hess">Hess</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Anderson_(natuurkundige)" title="Carl Anderson (natuurkundige)">C. Anderson</a></span> · 1937:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Clinton_Davisson" title="Clinton Davisson">Davisson</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">G.P. Thomson</a></span> · 1938:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a> · 1939:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lawrence" title="Ernest Lawrence">Lawrence</a> · <span style="color:">1940</span> · <span style="color:">1941</span> · <span style="color:">1942</span> · 1943:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Otto_Stern" title="Otto Stern">Stern</a> · 1944:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Rabi</a> · 1945:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Pauli</a> · 1946:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Percy_Williams_Bridgman" title="Percy Williams Bridgman">Bridgman</a> · 1947:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Edward_Victor_Appleton" title="Edward Victor Appleton">Appleton</a> · 1948:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Patrick_Blackett" title="Patrick Blackett">Blackett</a> · 1949:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Yukawa</a> · 1950:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Cecil_Powell" title="Cecil Powell">Powell</a> ·</td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>1951–1975:</b></td><td class="rechts">1951:&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_Cockcroft" title="John Cockcroft">Cockcroft</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Walton</a> · 1952:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Felix_Bloch" title="Felix Bloch">Bloch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Purcell</a> · 1953:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Frits_Zernike" title="Frits Zernike">Zernike</a> · 1954:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Max_Born" title="Max Born">Born</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Bothe</a> · 1955:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Willis_Lamb" title="Willis Lamb">Lamb</a> / <a href="/wiki/Polykarp_Kusch" title="Polykarp Kusch">Kusch</a> · 1956:&#160;<a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">Shockley</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Brattain" title="Walter Brattain">Brattain</a> · 1957:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Yang</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tsung-Dao_Lee" title="Tsung-Dao Lee">T.D. Lee</a></span> · 1958:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Pavel_Tsjerenkov" title="Pavel Tsjerenkov">Tsjerenkov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank">Frank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Igor_Tamm" title="Igor Tamm">Tamm</a> · 1959:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Segrè</a> / <a href="/wiki/Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a> · 1960:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Donald_Glaser" title="Donald Glaser">Glaser</a> · 1961:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Hofstadter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_M%C3%B6ssbauer" title="Rudolf Mössbauer">Mössbauer</a> · 1962:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">Landau</a> · 1963:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wigner" title="Eugene Wigner">Wigner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Goeppert-Mayer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hans_Jensen" title="Hans Jensen">Jensen</a> · 1964:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Charles_Townes" title="Charles Townes">Townes</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_Basov" title="Nikolaj Basov">Basov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Prochorov" title="Aleksandr Prochorov">Prokhorov</a> · 1965:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Shinichiro_Tomonaga" title="Shinichiro Tomonaga">Tomonaga</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger">Schwinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Feynman</a> · 1966:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kastler" title="Alfred Kastler">Kastler</a> · 1967:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Bethe</a> · 1968:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Luis_Alvarez" title="Luis Alvarez">Alvarez</a> · 1969:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Mann</a> · 1970:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Néel">Néel</a> · 1971:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Dennis_Gabor" title="Dennis Gabor">Gabor</a> · 1972:&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leon_Cooper" title="Leon Cooper">Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schrieffer" title="Robert Schrieffer">Schrieffer</a> · 1973:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Esaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Giaever</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_Josephson" title="Brian Josephson">Josephson</a> · 1974:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Ryle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Antony_Hewish" title="Antony Hewish">Hewish</a> · <span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Aage_Bohr" title="Aage Bohr">A. Bohr</a></span> / <a href="/wiki/Ben_Mottelson" title="Ben Mottelson">Mottelson</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Rainwater" title="James Rainwater">Rainwater</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>1976–2000:</b></td><td class="rechts"><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Richter</a></span> / <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ting" title="Samuel Ting">Ting</a> · <span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Philip_Anderson_(natuurkundige)" title="Philip Anderson (natuurkundige)">P. Anderson</a></span> / <a href="/wiki/Nevill_Mott" title="Nevill Mott">Mott</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_van_Vleck" title="John van Vleck">van:&#160;Vleck</a> · 1978:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Pjotr_Kapitsa" title="Pjotr Kapitsa">Kapitsa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias">Penzias</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">R.W. Wilson</a></span> · 1979:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Glashow" title="Sheldon Glashow">Glashow</a> / <a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam">Salam</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Weinberg</a> · 1980:&#160;<a href="/wiki/James_Cronin" title="James Cronin">Cronin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Val_Fitch" title="Val Fitch">Fitch</a> · 1981:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Nico_Bloembergen" title="Nico Bloembergen">Bloembergen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schawlow" title="Arthur Schawlow">Schawlow</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kai_Siegbahn" title="Kai Siegbahn">K. Siegbahn</a></span> · <span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Wilson" title="Kenneth Wilson">K.G. Wilson</a></span> · 1983:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Subramanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subramanyan Chandrasekhar">Chandrasekhar</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Fowler" title="William Fowler">Fowler</a> · 1984:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia">Rubbia</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_van_der_Meer" title="Simon van der Meer">van der Meer</a></span> · <span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">von Klitzing</a></span> · 1986:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ruska</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Binnig</a> / <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Rohrer</a> · 1987:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Georg_Bednorz" title="Georg Bednorz">Bednorz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alex_M%C3%BCller" title="Alex Müller">Müller</a> · 1988:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Leon_Lederman" title="Leon Lederman">Lederman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Schwartz" title="Melvin Schwartz">Schwartz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Steinberger" title="Jack Steinberger">Steinberger</a> · 1989:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Norman_Ramsey" title="Norman Ramsey">Ramsey</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hans_Dehmelt" title="Hans Dehmelt">Dehmelt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul" title="Wolfgang Paul">Paul</a> · 1990:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jerome_Friedman" title="Jerome Friedman">Friedman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kendall" title="Henry Kendall">Kendall</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Taylor_(natuurkundige)" title="Richard Taylor (natuurkundige)">R. Taylor</a></span> · <span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes">de Gennes</a></span> · 1992:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Georges_Charpak" title="Georges Charpak">Charpak</a> · 1993:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Russell_Hulse" title="Russell Hulse">Hulse</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Taylor" title="Joseph Taylor">J. Taylor</a></span> · 1994:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bertram_Brockhouse" title="Bertram Brockhouse">Brockhouse</a> / <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Shull" title="Clifford Shull">Shull</a> · 1995:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Martin_Lewis_Perl" title="Martin Lewis Perl">Perl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Reines</a> · <span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/David_Morris_Lee" title="David Morris Lee">D. Lee</a></span> / <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Osheroff" title="Douglas Osheroff">Osheroff</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Coleman_Richardson" title="Robert Coleman Richardson">R.C. Richardson</a></span> · 1997:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Steven_Chu" title="Steven Chu">Chu</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Cohen-Tannoudji</a></span> / <a href="/wiki/William_Daniel_Phillips" title="William Daniel Phillips">Phillips</a> · 1998:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Robert_Betts_Laughlin" title="Robert Betts Laughlin">Laughlin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Horst_Ludwig_St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst Ludwig Störmer">Störmer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Chee_Tsui" title="Daniel Chee Tsui">Tsui</a> · <span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Gerard_%27t_Hooft" title="Gerard &#39;t Hooft">'t Hooft</a></span> / <a href="/wiki/Martinus_Veltman_(natuurkundige)" title="Martinus Veltman (natuurkundige)">Veltman</a> · 2000:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Zjores_Ivanovitsj_Alferov" title="Zjores Ivanovitsj Alferov">Alferov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Kroemer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Kilby</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><span class="nowrap">2000–heden:</span></b></td><td class="rechts">2001:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Eric_Cornell" title="Eric Cornell">Cornell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Ketterle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wieman" title="Carl Wieman">Wieman</a> · 2002:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis_jr." title="Raymond Davis jr.">Davis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Masatoshi_Koshiba" title="Masatoshi Koshiba">Koshiba</a> / <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a> · 2003:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Aleksej_Abrikosov" title="Aleksej Abrikosov">Abrikosov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vitali_Ginzburg" title="Vitali Ginzburg">Ginzburg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Leggett" title="Anthony Leggett">Leggett</a> · 2004:&#160;<a href="/wiki/David_Gross" title="David Gross">Gross</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Politzer" title="David Politzer">Politzer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a> · 2005:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Roy_Glauber" title="Roy Glauber">Glauber</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Hall_(natuurkundige)" title="John Hall (natuurkundige)">Hall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theodor_H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor Hänsch">Hänsch</a> · 2006:&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_Mather" title="John Mather">Mather</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Smoot" title="George Smoot">Smoot</a> · 2007:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a> · 2008:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Yoichiro_Nambu" title="Yoichiro Nambu">Nambu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi">Kobayashi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa">Maskawa</a> · 2009:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Charles_Kao" title="Charles Kao">Kao</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Boyle</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">Smith</a> · 2010:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a> / <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novoselov" title="Konstantin Novoselov">Novoselov</a> · 2011:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schmidt" title="Brian Schmidt">Schmidt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adam_Riess" title="Adam Riess">Riess</a> · 2012:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Wineland" title="David Wineland">Wineland</a> · 2013:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a> · 2014:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Akasaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Amano</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Nakamura</a> · 2015:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Kajita</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_McDonald" title="Arthur McDonald">McDonald</a> · 2016:&#160;<a href="/wiki/David_Thouless" title="David Thouless">Thouless</a> / <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Haldane" title="Duncan Haldane">Haldane</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Kosterlitz" title="Michael Kosterlitz">Kosterlitz</a> · 2017:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Weiss</a> / <a href="/wiki/Barry_Barish" title="Barry Barish">Barish</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Thorne</a> · 2018:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashkin" title="Arthur Ashkin">Ashkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Mourou</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Strickland</a> · 2019:&#160;<a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">Peebles</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mayor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Queloz</a> · 2020:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Penrose</a> / <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Genzel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez">Ghez</a> · 2021:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe">Manabe</a> / <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Hasselmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Parisi" title="Giorgio Parisi">Parisi</a> · 2022:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alain_Aspect" title="Alain Aspect">Aspect</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Clauser" title="John Clauser">Clauser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anton_Zeilinger" title="Anton Zeilinger">Zeilinger</a> · 2023:&#160;<a href="/wiki/Pierre_Agostini" title="Pierre Agostini">Agostini</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Krausz" title="Ferenc Krausz">Krausz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne_L%27Huillier" title="Anne L&#39;Huillier">L'Huillier</a> · 2024:&#160;<a href="/wiki/John_Hopfield" title="John Hopfield">Hopfield</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Hinton</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67837862"><div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Bibliografische informatie" data-collapsetext="Inklappen" data-expandtext="Uitklappen"><div id="Bibliografische_informatie" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bibliografische_informatie" title="Wikipedia:Bibliografische informatie">Bibliografische informatie</a></div><div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content plainlist ta-left"><ul style="column-width:36em"><li><b><a href="/wiki/Base_de_donn%C3%A9es_des_%C3%A9lites_suisses" title="Base de données des élites suisses">Base de données des élites suisses</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.unil.ch/elitessuisses/personne.php?id=79956">79956</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bibsys" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibsys">Bibsys</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90641794">90641794</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12358954b">cb12358954b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12358954b">(data)</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA03030154?l=en">DA03030154</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1196641749">1196641749</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">International Standard Name Identifier</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/000000012143798X">0000 0001 2143 798X</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">Library of Congress Control Number</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n78086888">n78086888</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Letland" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Letland">Nationale Bibliotheek van Letland</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&amp;local_base=lnc10&amp;doc_number=000177580&amp;P_CON_LNG=ENG">000177580</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=254483">254483</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Tsjechi%C3%AB" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Tsjechië">Nationale Bibliotheek van Tsjechië</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=jx20070223004&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">jx20070223004</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Isra%C3%ABl" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Israël">Nationale Bibliotheek van Israël</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007454930105171">987007454930105171</a></span></li><li><b><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1006" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P1006">Nederlandse Thesaurus van Auteursnamen</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070969329">070969329</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/R%C3%89RO" title="RÉRO">Réseau des bibliothèques de Suisse occidentale</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A003577243">02-A003577243</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">Système universitaire de documentation</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/032588526">032588526</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">Virtual International Authority File</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/93336843">93336843</a></span></li><li><b></b> <b><a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a></b> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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