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title="Parliamentary procedure">parliamentary procedure</a>, a <b>voice vote</b> (from the Latin <i>viva voce</i>, meaning "by live voice") or <b>acclamation</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Voting_methods_in_deliberative_assemblies" title="Voting methods in deliberative assemblies">voting method in deliberative assemblies</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislatures</a>) in which a group <a href="/wiki/Vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Vote">vote</a> is taken on a topic or <a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">motion</a> by responding vocally. </p><p>Despite not being the same thing, voice votes and votes by viva voce are often confused because they have the same Latin roots. Voice votes gather the vocal response of the full assembly at once whereas viva voce are often done by roll call and record the response and name of the individual voters.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The voice vote is considered the simplest and quickest of voting methods used by <a href="/wiki/Deliberative_assembly" title="Deliberative assembly">deliberative assemblies</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Chair_(official)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chair (official)">presiding officer or chair</a> of the assembly will put the question to the assembly, asking first for all those in favor of the motion to indicate so orally ("aye" or "yea"), and then ask second all those opposed to the motion to indicate so verbally ("no" or "nay").<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chair will then make an estimate of the count on each side and state what they believe the result to be. </p><p>Voice votes have inherent disadvantages and the method has major shortfalls in close contests. The volume of the voices are typically only estimated and not actually measured with <a href="/wiki/Sound_level_meter" title="Sound level meter">sound level meters</a>, giving a chair enough <a href="/wiki/Plausible_deniability" title="Plausible deniability">plausible deniability</a> to falsify the result if they disagree with it; even if such a vote can be objectively quantified in terms of <a href="/wiki/Decibel" title="Decibel">decibels</a>, the method gives an unfair advantage to those who have louder voices. The need to make an audible signal also compromises any situation in which a <a href="/wiki/Secret_ballot" title="Secret ballot">secret ballot</a> may be desired. The method is suitable in most cases where unanimity is required. If there is any doubt as to the outcome, any member of the assembly may request another vote by a method such as <a href="/wiki/Division_of_the_assembly" title="Division of the assembly">division of the assembly</a> (a standing or rising vote), or a <a href="/wiki/Roll_call_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Roll call vote">roll call vote</a>. Voice votes are usually not <a href="/wiki/Recorded_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Recorded vote">recorded</a>, but sometimes are. </p><p>Voice votes are also used in non-governmental settings, such as <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bands" title="Battle of the Bands">battles of the bands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spectator_sport" title="Spectator sport">spectator sports</a> where a <a href="/wiki/Most_valuable_player" title="Most valuable player">most valuable player</a>, <a href="/wiki/Man_of_the_Match" class="mw-redirect" title="Man of the Match">Man of the Match</a> or Best in Show award is chosen by the audience. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancient_Greece">Ancient Greece</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Ancient Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Methods of voice voting were employed in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greece</a> as early as seventh century BC. The election of the members of the <a href="/wiki/Gerousia" title="Gerousia">Gerousia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>'s Council of Elders, was conducted by shouting.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the assembly, few persons were selected and locked up in a room close to the election, so that they could only hear the noise of the audience, but not see the candidate put to vote. The candidates were then presented to the assembly one after another without speaking a word. The favor of the assembly towards one candidate was assessed by the selected persons who established a ranking of all candidates with respect to the loudness of the assembly. Those candidates who have received the most and loudest acclamations were eventually elected. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Australia">Australia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Members vote by saying "aye" or "no", and the Speaker of the House (or President of the Senate) judges the result. If two or more members demand a recorded vote, known as a <a href="/wiki/Division_of_the_assembly" title="Division of the assembly">division</a>, one must be held.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Canada">Canada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Members vote by saying "yea" or "nay", and the Speaker judges the mood of the House. If five or more members demand a recorded vote, one must be held.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The initial decision on any question is by voice vote, members saying "aye" or "no", and the Speaker declaring which side has won. Members of the losing side (or abstainers), but not supporters of the side declared to have won, are entitled to demand a formal test of opinion.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="India">India</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The voice vote (ध्वनि मत) is used in the <a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and state assemblies to vote for certain resolutions. It is used when there is a wide agreement on issues and in some cases where the house is not in order. It was used during the formation of the Indian state of <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a> in 2014. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A voice vote is held to decide if a bill can progress through to the next stage. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">The Speaker of the House of Commons</a> will then propose the question by saying, for example (second reading): "The Question is, that the Bill be now read a second time". The Speaker then invites supporters of the bill to say "aye" and then opponents say "no": "As many as are of that opinion say 'aye' [supporters say 'aye'], of the contrary 'no' [opponents say 'no']". In what is known as <i>collecting the voices</i> the Speaker makes a judgement as to the louder cry. A clear majority either way will prompt the response "I think the Ayes/Noes have it. The Ayes/Noes have it!" (this can be forced to a <a href="/wiki/Division_(vote)" class="mw-redirect" title="Division (vote)">division</a> by continued cries either way). If the result is at all in doubt a division will be called and the speaker will say "Division, Clear the Lobbies!" </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Speaker" title="Lord Speaker">Lord Speaker</a> will propose the question by saying, for example (second reading): "The Question is, that the Bill be now read a second time". The Lord Speaker then does similarly to the Commons Speaker, by saying, "As many as are of that opinion say 'Content' [supporters say 'Content'] and of the contrary 'Not Content' [opponents say 'Not Content]." The Lord Speaker then decides. In the result of a division, the Lord Speaker will say "Division. Clear the Bar". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States">United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order" title="Robert's Rules of Order">Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised</a></i> (11th edition) provides that: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>A vote by voice is the regular method of voting on any motion that does not require more than a majority vote for its adoption. In taking a voice vote, the chair puts the question by saying, "The question is on the adoption of the motion to [or "that"] ... [repeating or clearly identifying the motion]. Those in favor of the motion, say <i>aye</i>. [Pausing for response,] Those opposed, say <i>no</i>." (Alternative forms are: "All those in favor..."; "All in favor..."; or the wording formerly prescribed by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a>, "As many as are in favor...") In the case of a <a href="/wiki/Resolution_(law)" title="Resolution (law)">resolution</a>, the question may be put as follows: "The question is on the adoption of the following resolution: [reading it]. Those in favor of adopting the resolution that was just read, say <i>aye</i>...Those opposed, say <i>no</i>." If the question has been read very recently and there appears no desire to have it read again, the chair may use this form: "The question is on the adoption of the resolution last read. "Those in favor of adopting the resolution, say <i>aye</i>...Those opposed, say <i>no</i>."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In Congress, "the vast majority of actions decided by a voice vote" are ones for which "a strong or even overwhelming majority favors one side," or even <a href="/wiki/Unanimous_consent" title="Unanimous consent">unanimous consent</a>. Members can request a <a href="/wiki/Division_of_the_assembly" title="Division of the assembly">division of the assembly</a> (a rising vote, where each sides rise in turn to be counted), and one-fifth of members can demand a <a href="/wiki/Recorded_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Recorded vote">recorded vote</a> on any question, after the chair announces the result of a voice vote.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is estimated that more than 95 percent of the resolutions passed by <a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">state legislatures</a> are passed by a unanimous voice vote, many without discussion; this is because resolutions are often on routine, noncontroversial matters, such as commemorating important events or recognizing groups.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_methods">Other methods</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other methods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humming" title="Humming">Humming</a> is used as a voice vote method at the <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)</a> to estimate the participants' positions on some issues.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voting_methods_in_deliberative_assemblies" title="Voting methods in deliberative assemblies">Voting methods in deliberative assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acclamation" title="Acclamation">Acclamation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gregory Koger, <i>Filibustering: A Political History of Obstruction in the House and Senate</i> (2010), University of Chicago Press, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hartley R. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=tools.ietf.org&rft.atitle=On+Consensus+and+Humming+in+the+IETF&rft.date=2014-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC7282&rft.aulast=Resnick&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc7282&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVoice+vote" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&oldid=1256881278">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Voice_vote&oldid=1256881278</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Parliamentary_procedure" title="Category:Parliamentary procedure">Parliamentary procedure</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Voting" title="Category:Voting">Voting</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2019" title="Category:Use dmy dates from October 2019">Use dmy dates from October 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from July 2024</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 12 November 2024, at 01:08<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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