CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Equestrian statue - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"8d786f6b-91ee-4951-a37e-0b3186845bea","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Equestrian_statue","wgTitle":"Equestrian statue","wgCurRevisionId":1252259164,"wgRevisionId":1252259164,"wgArticleId":344845,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1: unfit URL","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Articles containing Russian-language text","Articles containing Meitei-language text","Articles with hAudio microformats","Spoken articles","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Equestrian statues","Horses in art","Types of sculpture"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Equestrian_statue","wgRelevantArticleId": 344845,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q659396","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true, "wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin", "mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg/1200px-02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="960"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg/800px-02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="640"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg/640px-02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="512"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Equestrian statue - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equestrian_statue"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equestrian_statue"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Equestrian_statue rootpage-Equestrian_statue skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Equestrian+statue" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Equestrian+statue" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Equestrian+statue" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Equestrian+statue" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_Greece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_Greece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ancient Greece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancient_Middle_and_Far_East" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_Middle_and_Far_East"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Ancient Middle and Far East</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_Middle_and_Far_East-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancient_Rome" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_Rome"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Ancient Rome</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_Rome-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medieval_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Medieval Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Renaissance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renaissance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Renaissance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renaissance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Absolutism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Absolutism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Absolutism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Absolutism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twentieth_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twentieth_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Twentieth century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twentieth_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tallest_and_largest_equestrian_statue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tallest_and_largest_equestrian_statue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tallest and largest equestrian statue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tallest_and_largest_equestrian_statue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_statues_of_particular_note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_statues_of_particular_note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Other statues of particular note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_statues_of_particular_note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hoof-position_symbolism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hoof-position_symbolism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Hoof-position symbolism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hoof-position_symbolism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Equestrian statue</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="تمثال فروسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تمثال فروسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8F" title="Конная статуя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Конная статуя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezdeck%C3%A1_socha" title="Jezdecká socha – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jezdecká socha" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reiterstandbild" title="Reiterstandbild – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Reiterstandbild" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CF%86%CE%B9%CF%80%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Έφιππος ανδριάντας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Έφιππος ανδριάντας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escultura_ecuestre" title="Escultura ecuestre – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escultura ecuestre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur%C4%89evala_statuo" title="Surĉevala statuo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Surĉevala statuo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="تندیس اسب‌سوار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تندیس اسب‌سوار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statue_%C3%A9questre" title="Statue équestre – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Statue équestre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%A7%88%EC%83%81" title="기마상 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="기마상" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statua_equestre" title="Statua equestre – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Statua equestre" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%9C_%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%91" title="פסל רכוב – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פסל רכוב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruiterstandbeeld" title="Ruiterstandbeeld – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ruiterstandbeeld" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A8%8E%E9%A6%AC%E5%83%8F" title="騎馬像 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="騎馬像" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rytterstatue" title="Rytterstatue – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rytterstatue" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryttarstatue" title="Ryttarstatue – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ryttarstatue" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomnik_konny" title="Pomnik konny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pomnik konny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Est%C3%A1tua_equestre" title="Estátua equestre – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estátua equestre" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statuie_ecvestr%C4%83" title="Statuie ecvestră – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Statuie ecvestră" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8F" title="Конная статуя – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конная статуя" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equestrian_statue" title="Equestrian statue – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Equestrian statue" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%DB%95%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%95%D8%B1" title="سوارپەیکەر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سوارپەیکەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratsastajapatsas" title="Ratsastajapatsas – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ratsastajapatsas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryttarstaty" title="Ryttarstaty – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ryttarstaty" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atl%C4%B1_heykel" title="Atlı heykel – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Atlı heykel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8F" title="Кінна статуя – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кінна статуя" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A8%8E%E9%A6%AC%E5%83%8F" title="騎馬像 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="騎馬像" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q659396#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Equestrian_statue" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Equestrian_statue" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Equestrian_statue" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&oldid=1252259164" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Equestrian_statue&id=1252259164&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEquestrian_statue"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEquestrian_statue"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Equestrian_statue&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Equestrian_statues" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q659396" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-spoken-icon" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Equestian_statue.ogg" title="Listen to this article"><img alt="Listen to this article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/20px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/30px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/40px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Statue of a rider mounted on a horse</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg/220px-02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg/330px-02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg/440px-02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3581" data-file-height="2865" /></a><figcaption>The 2nd-century Roman <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_Statue_of_Marcus_Aurelius" title="Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius">bronze equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius</a>, highly visible in Rome since antiquity, was the main influence on the Renaissance revival of the form</figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>equestrian statue</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Statue" title="Statue">statue</a> of a rider mounted on a <a href="/wiki/Horse" title="Horse">horse</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>eques</i>, meaning '<a href="/wiki/Knight" title="Knight">knight</a>', deriving from <i>equus</i>, meaning 'horse'.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A statue of a riderless horse is strictly an <b>equine statue</b>. A full-sized equestrian statue is a difficult and expensive object for any culture to produce, and figures have typically been portraits of rulers or, in the Renaissance and more recently, military commanders. </p><p>Although there are outliers, the form is essentially a tradition in <a href="/wiki/Western_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Western art">Western art</a>, used for imperial propaganda by the Roman emperors, with a significant revival in <a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance_sculpture" title="Italian Renaissance sculpture">Italian Renaissance sculpture</a>, which continued across Europe in the Baroque, as mastering the large-scale casting of bronze became more widespread, and later periods. </p><p>Statues at well under life-size have been popular in various materials, including <a href="/wiki/Porcelain" title="Porcelain">porcelain</a>, since the Renaissance. The riders in these may not be portraits, but figures from <a href="/wiki/Classical_mythology" title="Classical mythology">classical mythology</a> or generic figures such as <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Knight-Iran.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Knight-Iran.JPG/220px-Knight-Iran.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Knight-Iran.JPG/330px-Knight-Iran.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Knight-Iran.JPG/440px-Knight-Iran.JPG 2x" data-file-width="522" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Khosrau_II_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Khosrau II of Persia">Khosrow Parviz</a> is standing here. On his left is <a href="/wiki/Ahura_Mazda" title="Ahura Mazda">Ahura Mazda</a>, on his right is <a href="/wiki/Anahita" title="Anahita">Anahita</a>, and below is, Khosrau dressed as a mounted Persian knight riding on his favourite horse, <a href="/wiki/Shabdiz" title="Shabdiz">Shabdiz</a>, in the city of, <a href="/wiki/Kermanshah" title="Kermanshah">Kermanshah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_Greece">Ancient Greece</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ancient Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Equestrian statuary in the West dates back at least as far as <a href="/wiki/Archaic_Greece" title="Archaic Greece">Archaic Greece</a>. Found on the <a href="/wiki/Acropolis_of_Athens" title="Acropolis of Athens">Athenian acropolis</a>, the sixth-century BC statue known as the <a href="/wiki/Rampin_Rider" title="Rampin Rider">Rampin Rider</a> depicts a <i><a href="/wiki/Kouros" title="Kouros">kouros</a></i> mounted on horseback. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_Middle_and_Far_East">Ancient Middle and Far East</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ancient Middle and Far East"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of ancient <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egyptian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyrian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persian</a> <a href="/wiki/Relief" title="Relief">reliefs</a> show mounted figures, usually rulers, though no free-standing statues are known. The Chinese <a href="/wiki/Terracotta_Army" title="Terracotta Army">Terracotta Army</a> has no mounted riders, though cavalrymen stand beside their mounts, but smaller <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> pottery tomb Qua figures often include them, at a relatively small scale. No Chinese portrait equestrian statues were made until modern times; statues of rulers are not part of traditional Chinese art, and indeed even painted portraits were only shown to high officials on special occasions until the eleventh century.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_Rome">Ancient Rome</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ancient Rome"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_-_Head_of_a_Horse_-_Walters_54759_-_Profile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Roman_-_Head_of_a_Horse_-_Walters_54759_-_Profile.jpg/220px-Roman_-_Head_of_a_Horse_-_Walters_54759_-_Profile.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Roman_-_Head_of_a_Horse_-_Walters_54759_-_Profile.jpg/330px-Roman_-_Head_of_a_Horse_-_Walters_54759_-_Profile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Roman_-_Head_of_a_Horse_-_Walters_54759_-_Profile.jpg/440px-Roman_-_Head_of_a_Horse_-_Walters_54759_-_Profile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>This horse head from <a href="/wiki/Suasa" title="Suasa">Suasa</a> was once part of a large equestrian monument. <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 40 AD</span>. <a href="/wiki/Walters_Art_Museum" title="Walters Art Museum">Walters Art Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Such statues frequently commemorated military leaders, and those statesmen who wished to <a href="/wiki/Symbol" title="Symbol">symbolically</a> emphasize the active leadership role undertaken since Roman times by the equestrian class, the <i><a href="/wiki/Equites" title="Equites">equites</a></i> (plural of <i>eques</i>) or knights. </p><p>There were numerous <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> equestrian portraits (particularly of the emperors) in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">ancient Rome</a>, but they did not survive because they were melted down for reuse of the alloy as <a href="/wiki/Coin" title="Coin">coin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Church_bell" title="Church bell">church bells</a>, or other, smaller projects (such as new sculptures for Christian churches); the standing <a href="/wiki/Colossus_of_Barletta" title="Colossus of Barletta">Colossus of Barletta</a> lost parts of his legs and arms to Dominican bells in 1309. Almost the only sole surviving <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> equestrian bronze, the <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_Statue_of_Marcus_Aurelius" title="Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius">equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius</a> in Rome, owes its preservation on the <a href="/wiki/Campidoglio" class="mw-redirect" title="Campidoglio">Campidoglio</a>, to the popular misidentification of <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a>, the philosopher-emperor, with <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a>, the Christian emperor. The <i><a href="/wiki/Regisole" title="Regisole">Regisole</a></i> ("Sun King") was a bronze classical or Late Antique equestrian monument of a ruler, highly influential during the Italian Renaissance but destroyed in 1796 in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>. It was originally erected at <a href="/wiki/Ravenna" title="Ravenna">Ravenna</a>, but moved to <a href="/wiki/Pavia" title="Pavia">Pavia</a> in the Middle Ages, where it stood on a column before the cathedral. A fragment of an equestrian portrait sculpture of <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> has also survived. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval_Europe">Medieval Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Medieval Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Statua_equestre_Cangrande_della_Scala_(Verona).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Statua_equestre_Cangrande_della_Scala_%28Verona%29.jpg/220px-Statua_equestre_Cangrande_della_Scala_%28Verona%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Statua_equestre_Cangrande_della_Scala_%28Verona%29.jpg/330px-Statua_equestre_Cangrande_della_Scala_%28Verona%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Statua_equestre_Cangrande_della_Scala_%28Verona%29.jpg/440px-Statua_equestre_Cangrande_della_Scala_%28Verona%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="928" data-file-height="1100" /></a><figcaption>The original statue of <a href="/wiki/Cangrande_I_della_Scala" title="Cangrande I della Scala">Cangrande I</a> (14th century), now replaced by a copy. <a href="/wiki/Scaliger_Tombs" title="Scaliger Tombs">Scaliger Tombs</a> in <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Equestrian statues were not very frequent in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. Nevertheless, there are some examples, like the <a href="/wiki/Bamberg_Horseman" title="Bamberg Horseman">Bamberg Horseman</a> (German: <i>Der Bamberger Reiter</i>), in <a href="/wiki/Bamberg_Cathedral" title="Bamberg Cathedral">Bamberg Cathedral</a>. Another example is the <i>Magdeburg Reiter</i>, in the city of <a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a>, that depicts Emperor <a href="/wiki/Otto_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto I">Otto I</a>. This is in stone, which is fairly unusual at any period, though the Gothic statues at less than life-size at the <a href="/wiki/Scaliger_Tombs" title="Scaliger Tombs">Scaliger Tombs</a> in <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a> are also in stone. </p><p>There are a few roughly half-size statues of <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_George_and_the_Dragon" title="Saint George and the Dragon">Saint George and the Dragon</a></i>, including the famous ones in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>. A well-known small bronze <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statuette_of_Charlemagne" title="Equestrian statuette of Charlemagne">equestrian statuette of Charlemagne</a> (or another emperor) in Paris may be a contemporary portrait of <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>, although its date and subject are uncertain. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bamberger_Reiter_Dom_Bamberg_P1330479.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bamberg Horseman (1225–1237), Bamberg Cathedral, stone"><img alt="Bamberg Horseman (1225–1237), Bamberg Cathedral, stone" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Bamberger_Reiter_Dom_Bamberg_P1330479.jpg/90px-Bamberger_Reiter_Dom_Bamberg_P1330479.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Bamberger_Reiter_Dom_Bamberg_P1330479.jpg/135px-Bamberger_Reiter_Dom_Bamberg_P1330479.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Bamberger_Reiter_Dom_Bamberg_P1330479.jpg/180px-Bamberger_Reiter_Dom_Bamberg_P1330479.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3284" data-file-height="4379" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bamberg_Horseman" title="Bamberg Horseman">Bamberg Horseman</a> (1225–1237), <a href="/wiki/Bamberg_Cathedral" title="Bamberg Cathedral">Bamberg Cathedral</a>, stone</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alter_Markt_(Magdeburg-Altstadt).Magdeburger_Reiter.ajb.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Magdeburg Horseman (1240), Magdeburg"><img alt="Magdeburg Horseman (1240), Magdeburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Alter_Markt_%28Magdeburg-Altstadt%29.Magdeburger_Reiter.ajb.jpg/80px-Alter_Markt_%28Magdeburg-Altstadt%29.Magdeburger_Reiter.ajb.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Alter_Markt_%28Magdeburg-Altstadt%29.Magdeburger_Reiter.ajb.jpg/119px-Alter_Markt_%28Magdeburg-Altstadt%29.Magdeburger_Reiter.ajb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Alter_Markt_%28Magdeburg-Altstadt%29.Magdeburger_Reiter.ajb.jpg/159px-Alter_Markt_%28Magdeburg-Altstadt%29.Magdeburger_Reiter.ajb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4288" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a> Horseman (1240), Magdeburg</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sv._Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_a_drak.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St. George and Dragon (1373), Prague"><img alt="St. George and Dragon (1373), Prague" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Sv._Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_a_drak.jpg/90px-Sv._Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_a_drak.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Sv._Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_a_drak.jpg/135px-Sv._Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_a_drak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Sv._Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_a_drak.jpg/180px-Sv._Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_a_drak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2050" data-file-height="2725" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">St. George and Dragon (1373), Prague</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Riemenschneider_Hl_Georg.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tilman Riemenschneider, Saint George (1490–1495) in limewood, Bode Museum"><img alt="Tilman Riemenschneider, Saint George (1490–1495) in limewood, Bode Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Riemenschneider_Hl_Georg.jpg/90px-Riemenschneider_Hl_Georg.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Riemenschneider_Hl_Georg.jpg/135px-Riemenschneider_Hl_Georg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Riemenschneider_Hl_Georg.jpg/180px-Riemenschneider_Hl_Georg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tilman_Riemenschneider" title="Tilman Riemenschneider">Tilman Riemenschneider</a>, Saint George (1490–1495) in <a href="/wiki/Limewood" class="mw-redirect" title="Limewood">limewood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bode_Museum" title="Bode Museum">Bode Museum</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renaissance">Renaissance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Renaissance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gattamelata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gattamelata.jpg/220px-Gattamelata.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gattamelata.jpg/330px-Gattamelata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gattamelata.jpg/440px-Gattamelata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="628" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Donatello" title="Donatello">Donatello</a>: <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_Gattamelata" title="Equestrian statue of Gattamelata">Statue of Gattamelata</a> (1444–1453)</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance_sculpture#Equestrian_statues" title="Italian Renaissance sculpture">Italian_Renaissance_sculpture § Equestrian_statues</a></div> <p>After the Romans, no surviving monumental equestrian bronze was cast in Europe until 1415–1450, when <a href="/wiki/Donatello" title="Donatello">Donatello</a> created the heroic bronze <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_Gattamelata" title="Equestrian statue of Gattamelata">equestrian statue of Gattamelata</a> the <i><a href="/wiki/Condottiere" class="mw-redirect" title="Condottiere">condottiere</a></i>, erected in <a href="/wiki/Padua" title="Padua">Padua</a>. In fifteenth-century Italy, this became a form to memorialize successful mercenary generals, as evidenced by the painted equestrian funerary monuments to <a href="/wiki/Funerary_Monument_to_Sir_John_Hawkwood" title="Funerary Monument to Sir John Hawkwood">Sir John Hawkwood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_da_Tolentino" title="Niccolò da Tolentino">Niccolò da Tolentino</a> in <a href="/wiki/Florence_Cathedral" title="Florence Cathedral">Florence Cathedral</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_Bartolomeo_Colleoni" title="Equestrian statue of Bartolomeo Colleoni">statue of Bartolomeo Colleoni</a> (1478–1488) cast by <a href="/wiki/Verrocchio" class="mw-redirect" title="Verrocchio">Verrocchio</a> in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a> had planned a <a href="/wiki/Leonardo%27s_horse" title="Leonardo's horse">colossal equestrian monument to the Milanese ruler, Francesco Sforza</a>, but was only able to create a clay model. The bronze was reallocated for military use in the <a href="/wiki/First_Italian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Italian War">First Italian War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar sculptures have survived in small scale: <a href="/wiki/Horse_and_Rider_(Leonardo_da_Vinci)" class="mw-redirect" title="Horse and Rider (Leonardo da Vinci)">The Wax Horse and Rider</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1506</span>–1508) is a fragmentary model for an equestrian statue of <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_d%27Amboise" title="Charles II d'Amboise">Charles d'Amboise</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Rearing_Horse_and_Mounted_Warrior" title="Rearing Horse and Mounted Warrior">Rearing Horse and Mounted Warrior</a> in bronze was also attributed to Leonardo. </p><p>Titian's equestrian portrait of <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, of 1548 applied the form again to a ruler. The <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_Cosimo_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Equestrian statue of Cosimo I">equestrian statue of Cosimo I</a> de' Medici (1598) by <a href="/wiki/Giambologna" title="Giambologna">Giambologna</a> in the center of <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> was a life size representation of the Grand-Duke, erected by his son Ferdinand I. </p><p>Ferdinand himself would be memorialized in 1608 with an equestrian <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_Ferdinando_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Equestrian statue of Ferdinando I">statue in Piazza della Annunziata</a> was completed by Giambologna's assistant, <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Tacca" title="Pietro Tacca">Pietro Tacca</a>. Tacca's studio would produce such models for the rulers in France and Spain. His last public commission was the colossal equestrian bronze of <a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Philip IV of Spain">Philip IV</a>, begun in 1634 and shipped to Madrid in 1640. In Tacca's sculpture, atop a fountain composition that forms the centerpiece of the façade of the Royal Palace, the horse rears, and the entire weight of the sculpture balances on the two rear legs, and discreetly, its tail, a novel feat for a statue of this size. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bartolomeo_Colleoni_by_Andrea_del_Verrocchio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Verrocchio: Equestrian statue of Bartolomeo Colleoni (1480–1495)"><img alt="Verrocchio: Equestrian statue of Bartolomeo Colleoni (1480–1495)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bartolomeo_Colleoni_by_Andrea_del_Verrocchio.jpg/120px-Bartolomeo_Colleoni_by_Andrea_del_Verrocchio.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bartolomeo_Colleoni_by_Andrea_del_Verrocchio.jpg/180px-Bartolomeo_Colleoni_by_Andrea_del_Verrocchio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bartolomeo_Colleoni_by_Andrea_del_Verrocchio.jpg/240px-Bartolomeo_Colleoni_by_Andrea_del_Verrocchio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4468" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Andrea_del_Verrocchio" title="Andrea del Verrocchio">Verrocchio</a>: <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_Bartolomeo_Colleoni" title="Equestrian statue of Bartolomeo Colleoni">Equestrian statue of Bartolomeo Colleoni</a> (1480–1495)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_George_and_the_Dragon_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bernt Notke: St George and the Dragon (1489), bronze replica of wooden sculpture, Stockholm"><img alt="Bernt Notke: St George and the Dragon (1489), bronze replica of wooden sculpture, Stockholm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Saint_George_and_the_Dragon_2012.jpg/120px-Saint_George_and_the_Dragon_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Saint_George_and_the_Dragon_2012.jpg/180px-Saint_George_and_the_Dragon_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Saint_George_and_the_Dragon_2012.jpg/240px-Saint_George_and_the_Dragon_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3808" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bernt_Notke" title="Bernt Notke">Bernt Notke</a>: <a href="/wiki/St_George_and_the_Dragon" class="mw-redirect" title="St George and the Dragon">St George and the Dragon</a> (1489), bronze replica of wooden sculpture, Stockholm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cosimo_I_(Florence)_2_2013_February.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Giambologna: Equestrian statue of Cosimo I (1598)"><img alt="Giambologna: Equestrian statue of Cosimo I (1598)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Cosimo_I_%28Florence%29_2_2013_February.jpg/120px-Cosimo_I_%28Florence%29_2_2013_February.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Cosimo_I_%28Florence%29_2_2013_February.jpg/180px-Cosimo_I_%28Florence%29_2_2013_February.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Cosimo_I_%28Florence%29_2_2013_February.jpg/240px-Cosimo_I_%28Florence%29_2_2013_February.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="3840" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Bologna" class="mw-redirect" title="Giovanni Bologna">Giambologna</a>: <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_Cosimo_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Equestrian statue of Cosimo I">Equestrian statue of Cosimo I</a> (1598)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Madrid_May_2014-33.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pietro Tacca: Monument to Philip IV of Spain (1634–1640)"><img alt="Pietro Tacca: Monument to Philip IV of Spain (1634–1640)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Madrid_May_2014-33.jpg/110px-Madrid_May_2014-33.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Madrid_May_2014-33.jpg/165px-Madrid_May_2014-33.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Madrid_May_2014-33.jpg/221px-Madrid_May_2014-33.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4217" data-file-height="4587" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Tacca" title="Pietro Tacca">Pietro Tacca</a>: <a href="/wiki/Monument_to_Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Monument to Philip IV of Spain">Monument to Philip IV of Spain</a> (1634–1640)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Absolutism">Absolutism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Absolutism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:I._Nagy_P%C3%A9ter_szobra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/I._Nagy_P%C3%A9ter_szobra.jpg/220px-I._Nagy_P%C3%A9ter_szobra.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/I._Nagy_P%C3%A9ter_szobra.jpg/330px-I._Nagy_P%C3%A9ter_szobra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/I._Nagy_P%C3%A9ter_szobra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="581" /></a><figcaption>The <i><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Horseman" title="Bronze Horseman">Bronze Horseman</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Maurice_Falconet" title="Étienne Maurice Falconet">Étienne Maurice Falconet</a> (1768–1782)</figcaption></figure> <p>During the age of <a href="/wiki/Absolutism_(European_history)" title="Absolutism (European history)">Absolutism</a>, especially in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, equestrian statues were popular with rulers; <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a> was typical in having one outside his <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a>, and the over life-size statue in the <a href="/wiki/Place_des_Victoires" title="Place des Victoires">Place des Victoires</a> in Paris by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Girardon" title="François Girardon">François Girardon</a> (1699) is supposed to be the first large modern equestrian statue to be cast in a single piece; it was destroyed in the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, though there is a small version in the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a>. The near life-size equestrian statue of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I of England</a> by <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Le_Sueur" title="Hubert Le Sueur">Hubert Le Sueur</a> of 1633 at <a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross" title="Charing Cross">Charing Cross</a> in London is the earliest large English example, which was followed by many. </p><p>The equestrian statue of King <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_I_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="José I of Portugal">José I of Portugal</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Pra%C3%A7a_do_Com%C3%A9rcio" title="Praça do Comércio">Praça do Comércio</a>, was designed by <a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Machado_de_Castro" title="Joaquim Machado de Castro">Joaquim Machado de Castro</a> after the <a href="/wiki/1755_Lisbon_earthquake" title="1755 Lisbon earthquake">1755 Lisbon earthquake</a> and is a pinnacle of Absolutist age statues in Europe. The <i><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Horseman" title="Bronze Horseman">Bronze Horseman</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Медный всадник</span>, literally "The Copper Horseman") is an iconic equestrian statue, on a huge base, of <a href="/wiki/Peter_I_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter I of Russia">Peter the Great</a> of 1782 by <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Maurice_Falconet" title="Étienne Maurice Falconet">Étienne Maurice Falconet</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. The use of French artists for both examples demonstrates the slow spread of the skills necessary for creating large works, but by the nineteenth century most large Western countries could produce them without the need to import skills, and most statues of earlier figures are actually from the nineteenth or early twentieth century. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GroszerKurfuerstVonBrandenburgReiterstandbildSchlueter01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/GroszerKurfuerstVonBrandenburgReiterstandbildSchlueter01.jpg/220px-GroszerKurfuerstVonBrandenburgReiterstandbildSchlueter01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/GroszerKurfuerstVonBrandenburgReiterstandbildSchlueter01.jpg/330px-GroszerKurfuerstVonBrandenburgReiterstandbildSchlueter01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/GroszerKurfuerstVonBrandenburgReiterstandbildSchlueter01.jpg/440px-GroszerKurfuerstVonBrandenburgReiterstandbildSchlueter01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Equestrian statue of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William,_Elector_of_Brandenburg" title="Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg">Frederick William</a>, Elector of Brandenburg, built 1696–1703</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_equestrian_statues_in_the_United_States" title="List of equestrian statues in the United States">List of equestrian statues in the United States</a></div> <p>In the colonial era, an equestrian statue of <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">George III</a> by English sculptor <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Wilton" title="Joseph Wilton">Joseph Wilton</a> stood on <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green_(New_York_City)" title="Bowling Green (New York City)">Bowling Green</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. This was the first such statue in the United States, erected in 1770 but destroyed on July 9, 1776, six days after the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 4,000-pound (1,800 kg) gilded lead statue was toppled and cut into pieces, which were made into bullets for use in the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some fragments survived and in 2016 the statue was recreated for a museum.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States, the first three full-scale equestrian sculptures erected were <a href="/wiki/Clark_Mills_(sculptor)" title="Clark Mills (sculptor)">Clark Mills'</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson_(Mills)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew Jackson (Mills)">Andrew Jackson</a></i> (1852) in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kirke_Brown" title="Henry Kirke Brown">Henry Kirke Brown</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a></i> (1856) in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Crawford_(sculptor)" title="Thomas Crawford (sculptor)">Thomas Crawford</a>'s George Washington in <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a> (1858). Mills was the first American sculptor to overcome the challenge of casting a rider on a rearing horse. The resulting sculpture (of Jackson) was so popular he repeated it for <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Edwin_Dallin" title="Cyrus Edwin Dallin">Cyrus Edwin Dallin</a> made a specialty of equestrian sculptures of American Indians: his <i>Appeal to the Great Spirit</i> stands before the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>. The <i><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gould_Shaw_Memorial" title="Robert Gould Shaw Memorial">Robert Gould Shaw Memorial</a></i> in Boston is a well-known <a href="/wiki/Relief" title="Relief">relief</a> including an equestrian portrait. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twentieth_century">Twentieth century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Twentieth century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lobey_Dosser_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Lobey_Dosser_2.jpg/220px-Lobey_Dosser_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Lobey_Dosser_2.jpg/330px-Lobey_Dosser_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Lobey_Dosser_2.jpg/440px-Lobey_Dosser_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="2016" /></a><figcaption>Lobey Dosser (and Rank Bajin) on El Fidelio, commemorating <a href="/wiki/Bud_Neill" title="Bud Neill">Bud Neill</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As the twentieth century progressed, the popularity of the equestrian monument declined sharply, as monarchies fell and the military use of horses virtually vanished. The <a href="/wiki/File:Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_Burmese_Statue.JPG" title="File:Queen Elizabeth II and Burmese Statue.JPG">statue of Queen Elizabeth II riding Burmese</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, and statues of <a href="/wiki/Rani_Lakshmibai" class="mw-redirect" title="Rani Lakshmibai">Rani Lakshmibai</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gwalior" title="Gwalior">Gwalior</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jhansi" title="Jhansi">Jhansi</a>, India, are some of the rare portrait statues with female riders. (Although <a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc" title="Joan of Arc">Joan of Arc</a> has been so portrayed a number of times,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an <a href="/wiki/File:Queen_Victoria,_George_Square,_Glasgow.jpg" title="File:Queen Victoria, George Square, Glasgow.jpg">equestrian statue of Queen Victoria</a> features prominently in <a href="/wiki/George_Square" title="George Square">George Square</a>, Glasgow). In America, the late 1970s and early 1980s witnessed something of a revival in equestrian monuments, largely in the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern United States</a>. There, art centers such as <a href="/wiki/Loveland,_Colorado" title="Loveland, Colorado">Loveland, Colorado</a>, Shidoni Foundry in <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, and various studios in <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> once again began producing equestrian sculpture. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Johan_Laidoner_statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Johan_Laidoner_statue.jpg/220px-Johan_Laidoner_statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Johan_Laidoner_statue.jpg/330px-Johan_Laidoner_statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Johan_Laidoner_statue.jpg/440px-Johan_Laidoner_statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>Equestrian statue of General <a href="/wiki/Johan_Laidoner" title="Johan Laidoner">Johan Laidoner</a> in <a href="/wiki/Viljandi" title="Viljandi">Viljandi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>These revival works fall into two general categories, the memorialization of a particular individual or the portrayal of general figures, notably the American <a href="/wiki/Cowboy" title="Cowboy">cowboy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Native Americans</a>. Such monuments can be found throughout the American Southwest. </p><p>In Glasgow, the sculpture of Lobey Dosser on El Fidelio, erected in tribute to <a href="/wiki/Bud_Neill" title="Bud Neill">Bud Neill</a>, is claimed to be the only two-legged equestrian statue in the world. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tallest_and_largest_equestrian_statue">Tallest and largest equestrian statue</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Tallest and largest equestrian statue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cerro_Artigas_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cerro_Artigas_1.jpg/220px-Cerro_Artigas_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cerro_Artigas_1.jpg/330px-Cerro_Artigas_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cerro_Artigas_1.jpg/440px-Cerro_Artigas_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1170" data-file-height="1560" /></a><figcaption>Second tallest equestrian statue: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Gervasio_Artigas" title="José Gervasio Artigas">General Artigas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Minas,_Uruguay" title="Minas, Uruguay">Minas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The monument to general <a href="/wiki/Jose_Gervasio_Artigas" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Gervasio Artigas">Jose Gervasio Artigas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Minas,_Uruguay" title="Minas, Uruguay">Minas, Uruguay</a> (18 meters tall, 9 meters long, 150,000 kg), was the world's largest equestrian statue until 2008. The current largest is the 40-meter-tall <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_Genghis_Khan" title="Equestrian statue of Genghis Khan">equestrian statue of Genghis Khan</a> at Boldog, 54 km from <a href="/wiki/Ulaanbaatar" title="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a>, where, according to legend, <a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a> found the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_whip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golden whip (page does not exist)">golden whip</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Marjing_Polo_Statue" title="Marjing Polo Statue">Marjing Polo Statue</a>, standing in the <a href="/wiki/Marjing_Polo_Complex" title="Marjing Polo Complex">Marjing Polo Complex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imphal_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Imphal East">Imphal East</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a> (122 feet (37 m) tall<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), completed in 2022–23, is the world's tallest equestrian statue of a <a href="/wiki/Polo" title="Polo">polo</a> player. It depicts ancient Meitei deity <a href="/wiki/Marjing" title="Marjing">Marjing</a>,a <a href="/wiki/Manipuri_Pony" class="mw-redirect" title="Manipuri Pony">Meitei horse (Manipuri pony)</a> and <span title="Meitei-language text"><i lang="mni"><a href="/wiki/Sagol_Kangjei" class="mw-redirect" title="Sagol Kangjei">Sagol Kangjei</a></i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a> for '<a href="/wiki/Polo" title="Polo">polo</a>').<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The world's largest equestrian sculpture, when completed, will be the <a href="/wiki/Crazy_Horse_Memorial" title="Crazy Horse Memorial">Crazy Horse Memorial</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>, at a planned 641 feet (195 m) wide and 563 feet (172 m) high, even though only the upper torso and head of the rider and front half of the horse will be depicted. Also on a huge scale, the carvings on <a href="/wiki/Stone_Mountain" title="Stone Mountain">Stone Mountain</a> in <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>, the United States, are equestrian sculpture rather than true statues, the largest <a href="/wiki/Bas-relief" class="mw-redirect" title="Bas-relief">bas-relief</a> in the world. The world's largest equestrian <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> statues are the <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_O%C3%B1ate" title="Juan de Oñate">Juan de Oñate</a> statue (2006) in <a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso, Texas</a>; a 1911 statue in <a href="/wiki/Altare_della_Patria" class="mw-redirect" title="Altare della Patria">Altare della Patria</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/National_Monument_in_Vitkov" class="mw-redirect" title="National Monument in Vitkov">statue of Jan Žižka</a> (1950) in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_statues_of_particular_note">Other statues of particular note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Other statues of particular note"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Memorial at <a href="/wiki/Vlamertinge" title="Vlamertinge">Vlamertinge</a> to commemorate the one million horses killed in WW1</li> <li>Memorial of Captain <a href="/wiki/Edward_Cheney" title="Edward Cheney">Edward Cheney</a> at <a href="/wiki/Gaddesby" title="Gaddesby">Gaddesby</a> showing him on a dying horse – he had five horses shot out from under him at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo" title="Battle of Waterloo">Battle of Waterloo</a> and led the charge of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Scots_Greys" title="Royal Scots Greys">Royal Scots Greys</a> – the only equestrian statue in a British church</li> <li>Memorial to "Crimean Bob" the last horse to die following service at the Battle of Waterloo, in <a href="/wiki/Cahir" title="Cahir">Cahir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kelpies" title="The Kelpies">The Kelpies</a>, pair of 30m high horse heads near <a href="/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk">Falkirk</a> in Scotland</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hoof-position_symbolism">Hoof-position symbolism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Hoof-position symbolism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Equestrian_statue_of_James_Longstreet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Equestrian_statue_of_James_Longstreet.jpg/220px-Equestrian_statue_of_James_Longstreet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Equestrian_statue_of_James_Longstreet.jpg/330px-Equestrian_statue_of_James_Longstreet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Equestrian_statue_of_James_Longstreet.jpg/440px-Equestrian_statue_of_James_Longstreet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1056" data-file-height="1216" /></a><figcaption>Equestrian statue of Confederate General <a href="/wiki/James_Longstreet" title="James Longstreet">James Longstreet</a> on his horse Hero in Pitzer Woods at <a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_National_Military_Park" title="Gettysburg National Military Park">Gettysburg National Military Park</a>, Gettysburg, PA</figcaption></figure> <p>In many parts of the world, an <a href="/wiki/Urban_legend" title="Urban legend">urban legend</a> states that if the horse is rearing (both front legs in the air), the rider died in battle; one front leg up means the rider was wounded in battle; and if all four hooves are on the ground, the rider died outside battle. A rider depicted as dismounted and standing next to their horse often indicates that both were killed during battle.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, <a href="/wiki/Richard_the_Lionheart" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard the Lionheart">Richard the Lionheart</a> is memorialised, mounted <a href="/wiki/Attitude_(heraldry)#Passant" title="Attitude (heraldry)">passant</a>, outside the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a> by <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Marochetti" title="Carlo Marochetti">Carlo Marochetti</a>; the former died 11 days after his wound, sustained in siege, turned septic. A survey of 15 equestrian statues in central London by the <a href="/wiki/Londonist" class="mw-redirect" title="Londonist">Londonist</a> website found that nine of them corresponded to the supposed rule, and considered it "not a reliable system for reading the fate of any particular rider".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States, the rule is especially held to apply to equestrian statues commemorating the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg" title="Battle of Gettysburg">Battle of Gettysburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-snopes_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-snopes-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One such statue was erected in 1998 in <a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_National_Military_Park" title="Gettysburg National Military Park">Gettysburg National Military Park</a>, and is of <a href="/wiki/James_Longstreet" title="James Longstreet">James Longstreet</a>, who is featured on his horse with one foot raised, even though Longstreet was not wounded in that battle. However, he was seriously wounded in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Wilderness" title="Battle of the Wilderness">Battle of the Wilderness</a> the following year. This is not a traditional statue, as it does not place him on a <a href="/wiki/Pedestal" title="Pedestal">pedestal</a>. One writer claims that any correlation between the positioning of hooves in a statue and the manner in which a Gettysburg soldier died is a coincidence.<sup id="cite_ref-straightdope_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-straightdope-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is no proper evidence that these hoof positions correlate consistently with the rider's history but some hold to the belief regardless.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_equestrian_statues" title="Category:Lists of equestrian statues">Category:Lists of equestrian statues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equestrian_statues" title="List of equestrian statues">List of equestrian statues</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Many news websites mislead the height as "110 feet", "120 feet", etc.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWheelock" class="citation cs2">Wheelock, Frederic M., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wheelockslatin.com/chapters/twentythree/index.html"><i>The Official Wheelock's Latin Website</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-04-03</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Official+Wheelock%27s+Latin+Website&rft.aulast=Wheelock&rft.aufirst=Frederic+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwheelockslatin.com%2Fchapters%2Ftwentythree%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stuart, Jan & Rawski, Evelyn Sakakida. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W2aaAAAAIAAJ&q=Chinese+Ancestor+portraits"><i>Worshiping the ancestors: Chinese commemorative portraits</i></a>, Stanford University Press, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-4263-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8047-4263-4">0-8047-4263-4</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-4263-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-4263-4">978-0-8047-4263-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKemp2007" class="citation book cs1">Kemp, Martin (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oJwVDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA201"><i>Leonardo da Vinci: The Marvellous Works of Nature and Man</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">201–</span>203. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199207787" title="Special:BookSources/9780199207787"><bdi>9780199207787</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leonardo+da+Vinci%3A+The+Marvellous+Works+of+Nature+and+Man&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E201-%3C%2Fspan%3E203&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780199207787&rft.aulast=Kemp&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoJwVDAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The statue now in London putatively by Leonardo himself according to <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Pedretti" title="Carlo Pedretti">Carlo Pedretti</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Equestrian Statues". <i>Art and Progress</i>. <b>4</b> (8): <span class="nowrap">995–</span>998. 1913. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20560907">20560907</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Art+and+Progress&rft.atitle=Equestrian+Statues&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E995-%3C%2Fspan%3E998&rft.date=1913&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20560907%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150322012728/http://connecticutsar.org/king-georges-head/">"King George's Head"</a>. <i>The Connecticut Society of the Sons of the American Revolution</i>. Archived from the original on March 22, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Connecticut+Society+of+the+Sons+of+the+American+Revolution&rft.atitle=King+George%27s+Head&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.connecticutsar.org%2Fking-georges-head%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunlap2016" class="citation news cs1">Dunlap, David W. (October 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/21/nyregion/toppled-statue-of-king-george-iii-to-ride-again.html">"Long-Toppled Statue of King George III to Ride Again, From a Brooklyn Studio"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Long-Toppled+Statue+of+King+George+III+to+Ride+Again%2C+From+a+Brooklyn+Studio&rft.date=2016-10-20&rft.aulast=Dunlap&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F10%2F21%2Fnyregion%2Ftoppled-statue-of-king-george-iii-to-ride-again.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jeanne-darc.info/statues-monuments/">Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc) (1412–1431): Statues and Monuments</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1889230">"Union Home and Cooperation Minister Shri Amit Shah inaugurated and laid the foundation stone of 21 development projects worth Rs. 1,311 crore at Moirang, Manipur today"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Press_Information_Bureau" title="Press Information Bureau">pib.gov.in</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-10</span></span>. <q>Shri Amit Shah inaugurated Medical College of worth Rs. 46 Crore at Churachandpur and unveils 122 feet tall Marjing polo statue of worth Rs. 39 crore</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pib.gov.in&rft.atitle=Union+Home+and+Cooperation+Minister+Shri+Amit+Shah+inaugurated+and+laid+the+foundation+stone+of+21+development+projects+worth+Rs.+1%2C311+crore+at+Moirang%2C+Manipur+today&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpib.gov.in%2FPressReleasePage.aspx%3FPRID%3D1889230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiatodayne.in/manipur/story/manipur-union-home-minister-amit-shah-inaugurates-122-feet-high-marjing-polo-statue-493774-2023-01-06">"Manipur: Union Home Minister Amit Shah inaugurates 122-feet-high Marjing Polo statue"</a>. <i>India Today NE</i>. 2023-01-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=India+Today+NE&rft.atitle=Manipur%3A+Union+Home+Minister+Amit+Shah+inaugurates+122-feet-high+Marjing+Polo+statue&rft.date=2023-01-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatodayne.in%2Fmanipur%2Fstory%2Fmanipur-union-home-minister-amit-shah-inaugurates-122-feet-high-marjing-polo-statue-493774-2023-01-06&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news8plus.com/manipur-amit-shah-will-unveil-the-tallest-statue-of-the-polo-player-will-hoist-the-tricolor-at-the-historic-site/">"Manipur: Amit Shah will unveil the tallest statue of the polo player, will hoist the tricolor at the historic site – News8Plus-Realtime Updates On Breaking News & Headlines"</a>. 2023-01-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Manipur%3A+Amit+Shah+will+unveil+the+tallest+statue+of+the+polo+player%2C+will+hoist+the+tricolor+at+the+historic+site+%E2%80%93+News8Plus-Realtime+Updates+On+Breaking+News+%26+Headlines&rft.date=2023-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews8plus.com%2Fmanipur-amit-shah-will-unveil-the-tallest-statue-of-the-polo-player-will-hoist-the-tricolor-at-the-historic-site%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nagalandpost.com/index.php/worlds-tallest-polo-statue-to-be-constructed-in-mnp/">"World's tallest polo statue to be constructed in Mnp | Nagaland Post"</a>. 28 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World%27s+tallest+polo+statue+to+be+constructed+in+Mnp+%7C+Nagaland+Post&rft.date=2016-04-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnagalandpost.com%2Findex.php%2Fworlds-tallest-polo-statue-to-be-constructed-in-mnp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://simplymarvelous.wordpress.com/2007/07/09/worlds-largest-equestrian-bronze-statue-installed/">World's Largest Equestrian Bronze Statue Installed</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDupré2007" class="citation book cs1">Dupré, Judith (2007). <i>Monuments: America's History in Art and Memory</i> (1st ed.). New York: <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a>. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4000-6582-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4000-6582-0"><bdi>978-1-4000-6582-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70046094">70046094</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Monuments%3A+America%27s+History+in+Art+and+Memory&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=9&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F70046094&rft.isbn=978-1-4000-6582-0&rft.aulast=Dupr%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Judith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://londonist.com/2016/07/do-london-s-horse-statues-have-a-hidden-code">"Do London's Horse Statues Follow a Hidden Code?"</a>. 2016-07-20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Do+London%27s+Horse+Statues+Follow+a+Hidden+Code%3F&rft.date=2016-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flondonist.com%2F2016%2F07%2Fdo-london-s-horse-statues-have-a-hidden-code&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-snopes-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-snopes_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMikkelson2007" class="citation web cs1">Mikkelson, Barbara (2 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snopes.com/military/statue.asp">"Statue of Limitations"</a>. <i>Snopes.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Snopes.com&rft.atitle=Statue+of+Limitations&rft.date=2007-08-02&rft.aulast=Mikkelson&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.snopes.com%2Fmilitary%2Fstatue.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npsgnmp.wordpress.com/2012/07/20/gettysburg-monument-series-the-horse-hoof-question-an-enduring-myth/">"Gettysburg Monument Series – the Horse Hoof Question: An Enduring Myth"</a>. 20 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gettysburg+Monument+Series+%E2%80%93+the+Horse+Hoof+Question%3A+An+Enduring+Myth&rft.date=2012-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpsgnmp.wordpress.com%2F2012%2F07%2F20%2Fgettysburg-monument-series-the-horse-hoof-question-an-enduring-myth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-straightdope-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-straightdope_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1989" class="citation web cs1">Adams, Cecil (6 October 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/1093/in-statues-does-the-number-of-feet-the-horse-has-off-the-ground-indicate-the-fate-of-the-rider">"In statues, does the number of feet the horse has off the ground indicate the fate of the rider?"</a>. <i>The Straight Dope</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Straight+Dope&rft.atitle=In+statues%2C+does+the+number+of+feet+the+horse+has+off+the+ground+indicate+the+fate+of+the+rider%3F&rft.date=1989-10-06&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Cecil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.straightdope.com%2Fcolumns%2Fread%2F1093%2Fin-statues-does-the-number-of-feet-the-horse-has-off-the-ground-indicate-the-fate-of-the-rider&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHiskey2013" class="citation web cs1">Hiskey, Daven (12 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2013/02/the-way-a-soldiers-horse-is-portrayed-in-an-equestrian-statue-has-nothing-to-do-with-how-the-soldier-died/">"The Way a Soldier's Horse is Portrayed in an Equestrian Statue Has Nothing to Do With How The Soldier Died"</a>. <i>Today I Found Out</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Today+I+Found+Out&rft.atitle=The+Way+a+Soldier%27s+Horse+is+Portrayed+in+an+Equestrian+Statue+Has+Nothing+to+Do+With+How+The+Soldier+Died&rft.date=2013-02-12&rft.aulast=Hiskey&rft.aufirst=Daven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.todayifoundout.com%2Findex.php%2F2013%2F02%2Fthe-way-a-soldiers-horse-is-portrayed-in-an-equestrian-statue-has-nothing-to-do-with-how-the-soldier-died%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilde" class="citation web cs1">Wilde, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150416013221/http://europeanhistory.about.com/od/europeasawhole/a/histmyths5.htm">"Historical Myths: Common Codes Supposedly Hidden In Statues"</a>. <i>About.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europeanhistory.about.com/od/europeasawhole/a/histmyths5.htm">the original</a> on 2015-04-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-04-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=About.com&rft.atitle=Historical+Myths%3A+Common+Codes+Supposedly+Hidden+In+Statues&rft.aulast=Wilde&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feuropeanhistory.about.com%2Fod%2Feuropeasawhole%2Fa%2Fhistmyths5.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquestrian+statue" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Joachim Poeschke, Thomas Weigel, Britta Kusch-Arnhold (eds.), <i>Praemium Virtutis III – Reiterstandbilder von der Antike bis zum Klassizismus</i>. Rhema-Verlag, Münster 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-930454-59-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-930454-59-4">978-3-930454-59-4</a></li> <li>Raphael Beuing: <i>Reiterbilder der Frührenaissance – Monument und Memoria</i>. Rhema-Verlag, Münster 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-930454-88-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-930454-88-4">978-3-930454-88-4</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235611614">.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);margin:0.5em 0;padding:0.2em;line-height:1.5em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-header{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-listen-to{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-files{text-align:center;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-icon{float:left;margin-left:5px;margin-top:10px}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-disclaimer{margin-left:60px;margin-top:10px;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4em}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-footer{margin-top:10px;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia{width:20em;float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="spoken-wikipedia noprint haudio"><div class="spoken-wikipedia-header"><span class="spoken-wikipedia-listen-to">Listen to this article</span> (<span class="duration"><span class="min">11</span> minutes</span>)</div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-files"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="200" style="width:200px;" data-durationhint="662" data-mwtitle="Equestian_statue.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Equestian_statue.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/Equestian_statue.ogg/Equestian_statue.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-icon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spoken Wikipedia"><img alt="Spoken Wikipedia icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/45px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/68px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/90px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></span></span></div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-disclaimer"><a href="/wiki/File:Equestian_statue.ogg" title="File:Equestian statue.ogg">This audio file</a> was created from a revision of this article dated 16 August 2019<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2019-08-16</span>)</span>, and does not reflect subsequent edits.</div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-footer">(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Media help">Audio help</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spoken_articles" title="Wikipedia:Spoken articles">More spoken articles</a>)</div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Equestrian_statues" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Equestrian statues">Equestrian statues</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.equestrianstatue.org">Equestrian statues by Kees van Tilburg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dcmemorials.com/equestrian.htm">Equestrian statues in Washington, D.C.</a> (with pictures)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox864" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659396#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4136435-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85044535">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="jezdecké sochy"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph270270&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007553017505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&oldid=1252259164">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&oldid=1252259164</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Equestrian_statues" title="Category:Equestrian statues">Equestrian statues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Horses_in_art" title="Category:Horses in art">Horses in art</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Types_of_sculpture" title="Category:Types of sculpture">Types of sculpture</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1: unfit URL">CS1: unfit URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Russian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Russian-language text">Articles containing Russian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Meitei-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Meitei-language text">Articles containing Meitei-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hAudio_microformats" title="Category:Articles with hAudio microformats">Articles with hAudio microformats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spoken_articles" title="Category:Spoken articles">Spoken articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 October 2024, at 15:13<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Equestrian_statue&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Equestrian statue</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>27 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c66768cb-cvd84","wgBackendResponseTime":120,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.546","walltime":"0.733","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2815,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":42496,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2340,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":84846,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 642.583 1 -total"," 29.37% 188.696 2 Template:Reflist"," 17.32% 111.297 1 Template:Langx"," 14.45% 92.875 1 Template:Authority_control"," 13.23% 85.014 1 Template:Citation"," 9.55% 61.351 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.14% 52.313 1 Template:Spoken_Wikipedia"," 6.60% 42.399 1 Template:Commons_category"," 6.34% 40.745 1 Template:Sister_project"," 6.09% 39.161 1 Template:Side_box"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.368","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":13703542,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6758457cd4-pg8kg","timestamp":"20250219210705","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Equestrian statue","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Equestrian_statue","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q659396","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q659396","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-10-19T16:46:53Z","dateModified":"2024-10-20T15:13:14Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e7\/02-Capitolini_collections132.jpg","headline":"statue of a rider mounted on a horse"}</script> </body> </html>