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temperature</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: control of temperature"> <meta name="keywords" content="control of temperature"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="control of temperature"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 16911</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: control of temperature</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16731</span> Prediction of Temperature Distribution during Drilling Process Using Artificial Neural Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Reza%20Tahavvor">Ali Reza Tahavvor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Hosseini"> Saeed Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazli%20Jowkar"> Nazli Jowkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afshin%20Karimzadeh%20Fard"> Afshin Karimzadeh Fard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Experimental & numeral study of temperature distribution during milling process, is important in milling quality and tools life aspects. In the present study the milling cross-section temperature is determined by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) according to the temperature of certain points of the work piece and the points specifications and the milling rotational speed of the blade. In the present work, at first three-dimensional model of the work piece is provided and then by using the Computational Heat Transfer (CHT) simulations, temperature in different nods of the work piece are specified in steady-state conditions. Results obtained from CHT are used for training and testing the ANN approach. Using reverse engineering and setting the desired x, y, z and the milling rotational speed of the blade as input data to the network, the milling surface temperature determined by neural network is presented as output data. The desired points temperature for different milling blade rotational speed are obtained experimentally and by extrapolation method for the milling surface temperature is obtained and a comparison is performed among the soft programming ANN, CHT results and experimental data and it is observed that ANN soft programming code can be used more efficiently to determine the temperature in a milling process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20networks" title="artificial neural networks">artificial neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milling%20process" title=" milling process"> milling process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotational%20speed" title=" rotational speed"> rotational speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24429/prediction-of-temperature-distribution-during-drilling-process-using-artificial-neural-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24429.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16730</span> Backstepping Sliding Mode Control </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Othmane%20Boughazi">Othmane Boughazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmadjid%20Boumedienne"> Abdelmadjid Boumedienne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hachemi%20Glaoui"> Hachemi Glaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work treats the modeling and simulation of non-linear system behavior of an induction motor using backstepping sliding mode control. First, the direct field oriented control IM is derived. Then, a sliding for direct field oriented control is proposed to compensate the uncertainties, which occur in the control.Finally, the study of Backstepping sliding controls strategy of the induction motor drive. Our non linear system is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK environment, the results obtained illustrate the efficiency of the proposed control with no overshoot, and the rising time is improved with good disturbances rejections comparing with the classical control law. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction%20motor" title="induction motor">induction motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportional-integral" title=" proportional-integral"> proportional-integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20mode%20control" title=" sliding mode control"> sliding mode control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backstepping%20sliding%20mode%20control" title=" backstepping sliding mode control"> backstepping sliding mode control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15027/backstepping-sliding-mode-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16729</span> Study on Concentration and Temperature Measurement with 760 nm Diode Laser in Combustion System Using Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miyeon%20Yoo">Miyeon Yoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sewon%20Kim"> Sewon Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Changyeop%20Lee"> Changyeop Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is important to measure the internal temperature or temperature distribution precisely in combustion system to increase energy efficiency and reduce the pollutants. Especially in case of large combustion systems such as power plant boiler and reheating furnace of steel making process, it is very difficult to measure those physical properties in detail. Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy measurement and analysis can be attractive method to overcome the difficulty. In this paper, TDLAS methods are used to measure the oxygen concentration and temperature distribution in various experimental conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tunable%20diode%20laser%20absorption%20Spectroscopy" title="tunable diode laser absorption Spectroscopy">tunable diode laser absorption Spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20distribution" title=" temperature distribution"> temperature distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20concentration" title=" gas concentration"> gas concentration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3424/study-on-concentration-and-temperature-measurement-with-760-nm-diode-laser-in-combustion-system-using-tunable-diode-laser-absorption-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16728</span> Mechanical and Micro-Structural Properties of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer with High-Temperature Exposure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Cheol%20Choi">Young-Cheol Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joo-Hyung%20Kim"> Joo-Hyung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyu-Don%20Moon"> Gyu-Don Moon </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the effect of Na2O (alkali) content, SiO2/Na2O mole ratio, and elevated temperature on the mechanical performance of fly-ash-based inorganic green geopolymer composites. Fly-ash-based geopolymers, which were manufactured with varying alkali contents (4–8 % of fly ash weight) and SiO2/Na2O mole ratios (0.6–1.4), were subjected to elevated temperatures up to 900 ºC ; the geopolymer composites and their performance were evaluated on the basis of weight loss and strength loss after temperature exposure. In addition, mineralogical changes due to the elevated temperature exposure were studied using x-ray diffraction. Investigations of microstructures and microprobe analysis were performed using mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results showed that the fly-ash-based geopolymer responded significantly to high-temperature conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fly%20ash" title="fly ash">fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geopolymer" title=" geopolymer"> geopolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-structure" title=" micro-structure"> micro-structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-temperature" title=" high-temperature"> high-temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20structural" title=" mechanical structural "> mechanical structural </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20791/mechanical-and-micro-structural-properties-of-fly-ash-based-geopolymer-with-high-temperature-exposure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">597</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16727</span> Long Term Variability of Temperature in Armenia in the Context of Climate Change</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hrachuhi%20Galstyan">Hrachuhi Galstyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucian%20Sf%C3%AEc%C4%83"> Lucian Sfîcă</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavel%20Ichim"> Pavel Ichim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to analyze the temporal and spatial variability of thermal conditions in the Republic of Armenia. The paper describes annual fluctuations in air temperature. Research has been focused on case study region of Armenia and surrounding areas, where long–term measurements and observations of weather conditions have been performed within the National Meteorological Service of Armenia and its surrounding areas. The study contains yearly air temperature data recorded between 1961-2012. Mann-Kendal test and the autocorrelation function were applied to detect the change trend of annual mean temperature, as well as other parametric and non-parametric tests searching to find the presence of some breaks in the long term evolution of temperature. The analysis of all records reveals a tendency mostly towards warmer years, with increased temperatures especially in valleys and inner basins. The maximum temperature increase is up to 1,5 °C. Negative results have not been observed in Armenia. The patterns of temperature change have been observed since the 1990’s over much of the Armenian territory. The climate in Armenia was influenced by global change in the last 2 decades, as results from the methods employed within the study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20temperature" title="air temperature">air temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-term%20variability" title=" long-term variability"> long-term variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trend" title=" trend"> trend</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42415/long-term-variability-of-temperature-in-armenia-in-the-context-of-climate-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16726</span> High Temperature Deformation Behavior of Al0.2CoCrFeNiMo0.5 High Entropy alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasam%20Palguna">Yasam Palguna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajesh%20Korla"> Rajesh Korla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficiency of thermally operated systems can be improved by increasing the operating temperature, thereby decreasing the fuel consumption and carbon footprint. Hence, there is a continuous need for replacing the existing materials with new alloys with higher temperature working capabilities. During the last decade, multi principal element alloys, commonly known as high entropy alloys are getting more attention because of their superior high temperature strength along with good high temperature corrosion and oxidation resistance, The present work focused on the microstructure and high temperature tensile behavior of Al0.2CoCrFeNiMo0.5 high entropy alloy (HEA). Wrought Al0.2CoCrFeNiMo0.5 high entropy alloy, produced by vacuum induction melting followed by thermomechanical processing, is tested in the temperature range of 200 to 900oC. It is exhibiting very good resistance to softening with increasing temperature up to 700oC, and thereafter there is a rapid decrease in the strength, especially beyond 800oC, which may be due to simultaneous occurrence of recrystallization and precipitate coarsening. Further, it is exhibiting superplastic kind of behavior with a uniform elongation of ~ 275 % at 900 oC temperature and 1 x 10-3 s-1 strain rate, which may be due to the presence of fine stable equi-axed grains. Strain rate sensitivity of 0.3 was observed, suggesting that solute drag dislocation glide might be the active mechanism during superplastic kind of deformation. Post deformation microstructure suggesting that cavitation at the sigma phase-matrix interface is the failure mechanism during high temperature deformation. Finally, high temperature properties of the present alloy will be compared with the contemporary high temperature materials such as ferritic, austenitic steels, and superalloys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20entropy%20alloy" title="high entropy alloy">high entropy alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20temperature%20deformation" title=" high temperature deformation"> high temperature deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20plasticity" title=" super plasticity"> super plasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-deformation%20microstructures" title=" post-deformation microstructures"> post-deformation microstructures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145479/high-temperature-deformation-behavior-of-al02cocrfenimo05-high-entropy-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16725</span> Modulational Instability of Ion-Acoustic Wave in Electron-Positron-Ion Plasmas with Two-Electron Temperature Distributions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitendra%20Kumar%20Chawla">Jitendra Kumar Chawla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukesh%20Kumar%20Mishra"> Mukesh Kumar Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nonlinear amplitude modulation of ion-acoustic wave is studied in the presence of two-electron temperature distribution in unmagnetized electron-positron-ion plasmas. The Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolosky (KBM) perturbation method is used to derive the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The dispersive and nonlinear coefficients are obtained which depend on the temperature and concentration of the hot and cold electron species as well as the positron density and temperature. The modulationally unstable regions are studied numerically for a wide range of wave number. The effects of the temperature and concentration of the hot and cold electron on the modulational stability are investigated in detail. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulational%20instability" title="modulational instability">modulational instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20acoustic%20wave" title=" ion acoustic wave"> ion acoustic wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KBM%20method" title=" KBM method"> KBM method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28700/modulational-instability-of-ion-acoustic-wave-in-electron-positron-ion-plasmas-with-two-electron-temperature-distributions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28700.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">665</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16724</span> Distribution-Free Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Charts for Monitoring Process Variability </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Fang%20Tsai">Chen-Fang Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-Li%20Lu"> Shin-Li Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Distribution-free control chart is an oncoming area from the statistical process control charts in recent years. Some researchers have developed various nonparametric control charts and investigated the detection capability of these charts. The major advantage of nonparametric control charts is that the underlying process is not specifically considered the assumption of normality or any parametric distribution. In this paper, two nonparametric exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts based on nonparametric tests, namely NE-S and NE-M control charts, are proposed for monitoring process variability. Generally, weighted moving average (GWMA) control charts are extended by utilizing design and adjustment parameters for monitoring the changes in the process variability, namely NG-S and NG-M control charts. Statistical performance is also investigated on NG-S and NG-M control charts with run rules. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is performed to show the effects of design parameters under the nonparametric NG-S and NG-M control charts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Distribution-free%20control%20chart" title="Distribution-free control chart">Distribution-free control chart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EWMA%20control%20charts" title=" EWMA control charts"> EWMA control charts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GWMA%20control%20charts" title=" GWMA control charts"> GWMA control charts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88638/distribution-free-exponentially-weighted-moving-average-control-charts-for-monitoring-process-variability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16723</span> High-Temperature Corrosion of Weldment of Fe-2%Mn-0.5%Si Steel in N2/H2O/H2S-Mixed Gas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20Hwan%20Bak">Sang Hwan Bak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min%20Jung%20Kim"> Min Jung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Bok%20Lee"> Dong Bok Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fe-2%Mn-0.5%Si-0.2C steel was welded and corroded at 600, 700 and 800oC for 20 h in 1 atm of N2/H2S/H2O-mixed gas in order to characterize the high-temperature corrosion behavior of the welded joint. Corrosion proceeded fast and almost linearly. It increased with an increase in the corrosion temperature. H2S formed FeS owing to sulfur released from H2S. The scales were fragile and nonadherent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fe-Mn-Si%20steel" title="Fe-Mn-Si steel">Fe-Mn-Si steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding" title=" welding"> welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulfidation" title=" sulfidation"> sulfidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H2S%20gas" title=" H2S gas"> H2S gas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45776/high-temperature-corrosion-of-weldment-of-fe-2mn-05si-steel-in-n2h2oh2s-mixed-gas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45776.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16722</span> Model Predictive Control Using Thermal Inputs for Crystal Growth Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takashi%20Shimizu">Takashi Shimizu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomoaki%20Hashimoto"> Tomoaki Hashimoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, crystal growth technologies have made progress by the requirement for the high quality of crystal materials. To control the crystal growth dynamics actively by external forces is useuful for reducing composition non-uniformity. In this study, a control method based on model predictive control using thermal inputs is proposed for crystal growth dynamics of semiconductor materials. The control system of crystal growth dynamics considered here is governed by the continuity, momentum, energy, and mass transport equations. To establish the control method for such thermal fluid systems, we adopt model predictive control known as a kind of optimal feedback control in which the control performance over a finite future is optimized with a performance index that has a moving initial time and terminal time. The objective of this study is to establish a model predictive control method for crystal growth dynamics of semiconductor materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20predictive%20control" title="model predictive control">model predictive control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control" title=" optimal control"> optimal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20control" title=" process control"> process control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystal%20growth" title=" crystal growth"> crystal growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88644/model-predictive-control-using-thermal-inputs-for-crystal-growth-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88644.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16721</span> Process Capability Analysis by Using Statistical Process Control of Rice Polished Cylinder Turning Practice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Bangphan">S. Bangphan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Bangphan"> P. Bangphan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.Boonkang"> T.Boonkang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quality control helps industries in improvements of its product quality and productivity. Statistical Process Control (SPC) is one of the tools to control the quality of products that turning practice in bringing a department of industrial engineering process under control. In this research, the process control of a turning manufactured at workshops machines. The varying measurements have been recorded for a number of samples of a rice polished cylinder obtained from a number of trials with the turning practice. SPC technique has been adopted by the process is finally brought under control and process capability is improved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20polished%20cylinder" title="rice polished cylinder">rice polished cylinder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20process%20control" title=" statistical process control"> statistical process control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20charts" title=" control charts"> control charts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20capability" title=" process capability"> process capability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14767/process-capability-analysis-by-using-statistical-process-control-of-rice-polished-cylinder-turning-practice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">488</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16720</span> Physicochemical Properties and Thermal Inactivation of Polyphenol Oxidase of African Bush Mango (Irvingia Gabonensis) Fruit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catherine%20Joke%20Adeseko">Catherine Joke Adeseko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Enzymatic browning is an economically important disorder that degrades organoleptic properties and prevent the consumer from purchasing fresh fruit and vegetables. Prevention and control of enzymatic browning in fruit and its product is imperative. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the catalytic effect of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in the adverse browning of African bush mango (Irvingia gabonensis) fruit peel and pulp. PPO was isolated and purified, and its physicochemical properties, such as the effect of pH with SDS, temperature, and thermodynamic studies, which invariably led to thermal inactivation of purified PPO at 80 °C, were evaluated. The pH and temperature optima of PPO were found at 7.0 and 50, respectively. There was a gradual increase in the activity of PPO as the pH increases. However, the enzyme exhibited a higher activity at neutral pH 7.0, while enzymatic inhibition was observed at acidic region, pH 2.0. The presence of SDS at pH 5.0 downward was found to inhibit the activity of PPO from the peel and pulp of I. gabonensis. The average value of enthalpy (ΔH), entropy (ΔS), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) obtained at 20 min of incubation and temperature 30 – 80 °C were respectively 39.93 kJ.mol-1, 431.57 J.mol-1 .K-1 and -107.99 kJ.mol-1 for peel PPO, and 37.92 kJ.mol-1, -442.51J.mol-1.K-1, and -107.22 kJ.mol-1 for pulp PPO. Thermal inactivation of PPO from I. gabonensis exhibited a reduction in catalytic activity as the temperature and duration of heat inactivation increases using catechol, reflected by an increment in k value. The half-life of PPO (t1/2) decreases as the incubation temperature increases due to the instability of the enzyme at high temperatures and was higher in pulp than peel. Both D and Z values decrease with increase in temperature. The information from this study suggests processing parameters for controlling PPO in the potential industrial application of I. gabonensis fruit in order to prolong the shelf-life of this fruit for maximum utilization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymatic" title="enzymatic">enzymatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=browning" title=" browning"> browning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activity" title=" activity"> activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159893/physicochemical-properties-and-thermal-inactivation-of-polyphenol-oxidase-of-african-bush-mango-irvingia-gabonensis-fruit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16719</span> Experimental Study of LPG Diffusion Flame at Elevated Preheated Air Temperatures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20El-Kafy%20Amer">Ahmed A. El-Kafy Amer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20M.%20Gad"> H. M. Gad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20I.%20Ibrahim"> A. I. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20I.%20Abdel-Mageed"> S. I. Abdel-Mageed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20M.%20Farag"> T. M. Farag </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper represents an experimental study of LPG diffusion flame at elevated air preheated temperatures. The flame is stabilized in a vertical water-cooled combustor by using air swirler. An experimental test rig was designed to investigate the different operating conditions. The burner head is designed so that the LPG fuel issued centrally and surrounded by the swirling air issues from an air swirler. There are three air swirlers having the same dimensions but having different blade angles to give different swirl numbers of 0.5, 0.87 and 1.5. The combustion air was heated electrically before entering the combustor up to a temperature about 500 K. Three air to fuel mass ratios of 30, 40 and 50 were also studied. The effect of air preheated temperature, swirl number and air to fuel mass ratios on the temperature maps, visible flame length, high temperature region (size) and exhaust species concentrations are studied. Some results show that as the air preheated temperature increases, the volume of high temperature region also increased but the flame length decreased. Increasing the air preheated temperature, EINOx, EICO2 and EIO2 increased, while EICO decreased. Increasing the air preheated temperature from 300 to 500 K, for all air swirl numbers used, the highest increase in EINOx, EICO2 and EIO2 are 141, 4 and 65%, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20preheated%20temperature" title="air preheated temperature">air preheated temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20swirler" title=" air swirler"> air swirler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20length" title=" flame length"> flame length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission%20index" title=" emission index"> emission index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30998/experimental-study-of-lpg-diffusion-flame-at-elevated-preheated-air-temperatures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16718</span> Structure and Magnetic Properties of Low-Temperature Synthesized M-W Hexaferrite Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Min%20Kang">Young-Min Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> M-type Sr-hexaferrites (SrFe12O19) is one of the most utilized materials in permanent magnets due to their low price, outstanding chemical stability, and appropriate hard magnetic properties. For a M-type Sr-hexaferrite with a saturation magnetization (MS) of ~74.0 emu/g the practical limits of remanent flux density (Br) and maximum energy product (BH) max are ~4.6 kG and ~5.3 MGOe. Meanwhile, W-type hexaferrite (SrFe18O27) with higher MS ~81emu/g can be a good candidate for the development of enhanced ferrite magnet. However the W-type hexaferrite is stable at the temperature over 1350 ºC in air, and thus it is hard to control grain size and the coercivity. We report here high-MS M-W composite hexaferrites synthesized at 1250 ºC in air by doping Ca, Co, Mn, and Zn into the hexaferrite structures. The hexaferrites samples of stoichiometric SrFe12O19 (SrM) and Ca-Co-Mn-Zn doped hexaferrite (Sr0.7Ca0.3Fen-0.6Co0.2Mn0.2Zn0.2Oa) were prepared by conventional solid state reaction process with varying Fe content (10 ≤ n ≤ 17). Analysis by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were performed for phase identification and microstructural observation respectively. Magnetic hysteresis curves were measured using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) at room temperature (300 K). Single M-type phase could be obtained in the non-doped SrM sample after calcinations at the range of 1200 ºC ~ 1300 ºC, showing MS in the range of 72 ~ 72.6 emu/g. The Ca-Co-Mn-Zn doped SrM with Fe content, 10 ≤ n ≤ 13, showed both M and W-phases peaks in the XRD after respective calcinations at 1250 ºC. The sample with n=13 showed the MS of 70.7, 75.3, 78.0 emu/g, respectively, after calcination at 1200, 1250, 1300 ºC. The high MS over that of non-doped SrM (~72 emu/g) is attributed to the volume portion of W-phase. It is also revealed that the high MS W-phase could not formed if only one of the Ca, Co, Zn is missed in the substitution. These elements are critical to form the W-phase at the calcinations temperature of 1250 ºC, which is 100 ºC lower than the calcinations temperature for non-doped Sr-hexaferrites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M-type%20hexaferrite" title="M-type hexaferrite">M-type hexaferrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W-type%20hexaferrite" title=" W-type hexaferrite"> W-type hexaferrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saturation%20magnetization" title=" saturation magnetization"> saturation magnetization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-temperature%20synthesis" title=" low-temperature synthesis"> low-temperature synthesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73494/structure-and-magnetic-properties-of-low-temperature-synthesized-m-w-hexaferrite-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16717</span> Effect of Temperature and Deformation Mode on Texture Evolution of AA6061</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ghosh">M. Ghosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Miroux"> A. Miroux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20A.%20I.%20Kestens"> L. A. I. Kestens</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At molecular or micrometre scale, practically all materials are neither homogeneous nor isotropic. The concept of texture is used to identify the structural features that cause the properties of a material to be anisotropic. For metallic materials, the anisotropy of the mechanical behaviour originates from the crystallographic nature of plastic deformation, and is therefore controlled by the crystallographic texture. Anisotropy in mechanical properties often constitutes a disadvantage in the application of materials, as it is often illustrated by the earing phenomena during drawing. However, advantages may also be attained when considering other properties (e.g. optimization of magnetic behaviour to a specific direction) by controlling texture through thermo-mechanical processing). Nevertheless, in order to have better control over the final properties it is essential to relate texture with materials processing route and subsequently optimise their performance. However, up to date, few studies have been reported about the evolution of texture in 6061 aluminium alloy during warm processing (from room temperature to 250ºC). In present investigation, recrystallized 6061 aluminium alloy samples were subjected to tensile and plane strain compression (PSC) at room and warm temperatures. The gradual change of texture following both deformation modes were measured and discussed. Tensile tests demonstrate the mechanism at low strain while PSC does the same at high strain and eventually simulate the condition of rolling. Cube dominated texture of the initial rolled and recrystallized AA6061 sheets were replaced by domination of S and R components after PSC at room temperature, warm temperature (250ºC) though did not reflect any noticeable deviation from room temperature observation. It was also noticed that temperature has no significant effect on the evolution of grain morphology during PSC. The band contrast map revealed that after 30% deformation the substructure inside the grain is mainly made of series of parallel bands. A tendency for decrease of Cube and increase of Goss was noticed after tensile deformation compared to as-received material. Like PSC, texture does not change after deformation at warm temperature though. n-fibre was noticed for all the three textures from Goss to Cube. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AA%206061" title="AA 6061">AA 6061</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deformation" title=" deformation"> deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile" title=" tensile"> tensile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSC" title=" PSC"> PSC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texture" title=" texture"> texture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5951/effect-of-temperature-and-deformation-mode-on-texture-evolution-of-aa6061" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5951.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16716</span> Design and Construction of a Solar Mobile Anaerobic Digestor for Rural Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C%C3%A9sar%20M.%20Moreira">César M. Moreira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20A.%20Pazmi%C3%B1o-Hern%C3%A1ndez"> Marco A. Pazmiño-Hernández</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20A.%20Pazmi%C3%B1o-Barreno"> Marco A. Pazmiño-Barreno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyle%20Griffin"> Kyle Griffin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pratap%20Pullammanappallil"> Pratap Pullammanappallil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An anaerobic digestion system that was completely operated on solar power (both photovoltaic and solar thermal energy), and mounted on a trailer to make it mobile, was designed and constructed. A 55-gallon batch digester was placed within a chamber that was heated by hot water pumped through a radiator. Hot water was produced by a solar thermal collector and photovoltaic panels charged a battery which operated pumps for recirculating water. It was found that the temperature in the heating chamber was maintained above ambient temperature but it follows the same trend as ambient temperature. The temperature difference between the chamber and ambient values was not constant but varied with time of day. Advantageously, the temperature difference was highest during night and early morning and lowest near noon. In winter, when ambient temperature dipped to 2 °C during early morning hours, the chamber temperature did not drop below 10 °C. Model simulations showed that even if the digester is subjected to diurnal variations of temperature (as observed in winter of a subtropical region), about 63 % of the waste that would have been processed under constant digester temperature of 38 °C, can still be processed. The cost of the digester system without the trailer was $1,800. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20digestion" title="anaerobic digestion">anaerobic digestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar-mobile" title=" solar-mobile"> solar-mobile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20communities" title=" rural communities"> rural communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar" title=" solar"> solar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid" title=" hybrid"> hybrid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75513/design-and-construction-of-a-solar-mobile-anaerobic-digestor-for-rural-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16715</span> Temperature Depended Austempering of High Carbon Steel Using Epoxidized-Transesterified Cotton Seed Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20M.%20Dodo">R. M. Dodo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Musa"> Z. Musa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20A.%20Bello"> K. A. Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Abdullahi"> U. Abdullahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20A.%20Faruna"> G. A. Faruna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Temperature depended austempering of high carbon steel using epoxidized-transesterified cotton seed oil (ETO) was examined. Five set of samples were heated to 850oC and held for one hour then quenched in oil bath of ETO at 250oC at one hour holding time. The same procedure was performed on the rest of the samples and austempered at 270oC, 290oC, 310oC and 330oC. Next, mechanical properties’ tests conducted. The austempered samples were then analyzed for microstructure using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that tensile strength and hardness dip with increase in the temperature. Again, impact strength improved with rise in the temperature. It was observed that 270oC is the best austempering temperature, since it produces austempered sample with the best combination of mechanical properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxidized%20transesterified%20cotton%20seed%20oil" title="epoxidized transesterified cotton seed oil">epoxidized transesterified cotton seed oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=austempering%20temperature" title=" austempering temperature"> austempering temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20carbon%20steel" title=" high carbon steel"> high carbon steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bainitic%20structure" title=" bainitic structure"> bainitic structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187597/temperature-depended-austempering-of-high-carbon-steel-using-epoxidized-transesterified-cotton-seed-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16714</span> Linear Study of Electrostatic Ion Temperature Gradient Mode with Entropy Gradient Drift and Sheared Ion Flows</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yaqub%20Khan">M. Yaqub Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usman%20Shabbir"> Usman Shabbir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> History of plasma reveals that continuous struggle of experimentalists and theorists are not fruitful for confinement up to now. It needs a change to bring the research through entropy. Approximately, all the quantities like number density, temperature, electrostatic potential, etc. are connected to entropy. Therefore, it is better to change the way of research. In ion temperature gradient mode with the help of Braginskii model, Boltzmannian electrons, effect of velocity shear is studied inculcating entropy in the magnetoplasma. New dispersion relation is derived for ion temperature gradient mode, and dependence on entropy gradient drift is seen. It is also seen velocity shear enhances the instability but in anomalous transport, its role is not seen significantly but entropy. This work will be helpful to the next step of tokamak and space plasmas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title="entropy">entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20shear" title=" velocity shear"> velocity shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20temperature%20gradient%20mode" title=" ion temperature gradient mode"> ion temperature gradient mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drift" title=" drift"> drift</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70221/linear-study-of-electrostatic-ion-temperature-gradient-mode-with-entropy-gradient-drift-and-sheared-ion-flows" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70221.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16713</span> Setting Control Limits For Inaccurate Measurements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ran%20Etgar">Ran Etgar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The process of rounding off measurements in continuous variables is commonly encountered. Although it usually has minor effects, sometimes it can lead to poor outcomes in statistical process control using X ̅-chart. The traditional control limits can cause incorrect conclusions if applied carelessly. This study looks into the limitations of classical control limits, particularly the impact of asymmetry. An approach to determining the distribution function of the measured parameter (Y ̅) is presented, resulting in a more precise method to establish the upper and lower control limits. The proposed method, while slightly more complex than Shewhart's original idea, is still user-friendly and accurate and only requires the use of two straightforward tables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20control" title="quality control">quality control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20control" title=" process control"> process control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=round-off" title=" round-off"> round-off</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement" title=" measurement"> measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rounding%20error" title=" rounding error"> rounding error</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166517/setting-control-limits-for-inaccurate-measurements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16712</span> Enhancement in Seebeck Coefficient of MBE Grown Un-Doped ZnO by Thermal Annealing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Asghar">M. Asghar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Mahmood"> K. Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Malik"> F. Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Na"> Lu Na</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y-H%20Xie"> Y-H Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasin%20A.%20Raja"> Yasin A. Raja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Ferguson"> I. Ferguson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we have reported an enhancement in Seebeck coefficient of un-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on silicon (001) substrate by annealing treatment. The grown ZnO thin films were annealed in oxygen environment at 500°C – 800°C, keeping a step of 100°C for one hour. Room temperature Seebeck measurements showed that Seebeck coefficient and power factor increased from 222 to 510 µV/K and 8.8×10^-6 to 2.6×10^-4 Wm^-1K^-2 as annealing temperature increased from 500°C to 800°C respectively. This is the highest value of Seebeck coefficient ever reported for un-doped MBE grown ZnO according to best of our knowledge. This observation was related with the improvement of crystal structure of grown films with annealing temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results demonstrated that full width half maximum (FWHM) of ZnO (002) plane decreased and crystalline size increased as the annealing temperature increased. Photoluminescence study revealed that the intensity of band edge emission increased and defect emission decreased as annealing temperature increased because the density of oxygen vacancy related donor defects decreased with annealing temperature. This argument was further justified by the Hall measurements which showed a decreasing trend of carrier concentration with annealing temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnO" title="ZnO">ZnO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MBE" title=" MBE"> MBE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoelectric%20properties" title=" thermoelectric properties"> thermoelectric properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annealing%20temperature" title=" annealing temperature"> annealing temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystal%20structure" title=" crystal structure"> crystal structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6667/enhancement-in-seebeck-coefficient-of-mbe-grown-un-doped-zno-by-thermal-annealing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16711</span> Simulation the Effect of Temperature on the Residual Stress in Shot Peening Process Using FEM Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Jalali%20Azizpour">M. Jalali Azizpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Mohammadi%20Majd"> H. Mohammadi Majd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.R.%20Aboudi%20Asl"> A.R. Aboudi Asl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Sajedipour"> D. Sajedipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Tawaf"> V. Tawaf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sandblasting is a generally used surface treatment technique to improve the residual stress and adhesion of coatings to substrate. The goal of this work is to study the effect of temperature on the residual stress in sandblasting AISI1045 substrate. For this purpose a two dimensional axisymmetric model of shot impacting on an AISI 1045 disc was generated using ABAQUS version 6.10. The result shows for sandblasting temperature there is an optimum condition. In addition there are other effective factors that influence the fatigue life of parts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title="modeling">modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shot%20peen" title=" shot peen"> shot peen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title=" residual stress"> residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26894/simulation-the-effect-of-temperature-on-the-residual-stress-in-shot-peening-process-using-fem-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">586</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16710</span> Analyses and Optimization of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Direct Recycled Aluminium Alloy (AA6061) Wastes by ANOVA Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20H.%20Rady">Mohammed H. Rady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Sukri%20Mustapa"> Mohd Sukri Mustapa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%20Shamsudin"> S Shamsudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Lajis"> M. A. Lajis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Wagiman"> A. Wagiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study is aimed at investigating microhardness and density of aluminium alloy chips when subjected to various settings of preheating temperature and preheating time. Three values of preheating temperature were taken as 450 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C. On the other hand, three values of preheating time were chosen (1, 2, 3) hours. The influences of the process parameters (preheating temperature and time) were analyzed using Design of Experiments (DOE) approach whereby full factorial design with center point analysis was adopted. The total runs were 11 and they comprise of two factors of full factorial design with 3 center points. The responses were microhardness and density. The results showed that the density and microhardness increased with decreasing the preheating temperature. The results also found that the preheating temperature is more important to be controlled rather than the preheating time in microhardness analysis while both the preheating temperature and preheating time are important in density analysis. It can be concluded that setting temperature at 450 °C for 1 hour resulted in the optimum responses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AA6061" title="AA6061">AA6061</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title=" density"> density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DOE" title=" DOE"> DOE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20extrusion" title=" hot extrusion"> hot extrusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microhardness" title=" microhardness"> microhardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87426/analyses-and-optimization-of-physical-and-mechanical-properties-of-direct-recycled-aluminium-alloy-aa6061-wastes-by-anova-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87426.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16709</span> Temperature Dependent Tribological Properties of Graphite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pankaj%20Kumar%20Das">Pankaj Kumar Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niranjan%20Kumar"> Niranjan Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasun%20Chakraborti"> Prasun Chakraborti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Temperature dependent tribologiocal properties of nuclear grade turbostatic graphite were studied using 100Cr6 steel counterbody. High value of friction coefficient (0.25) and high wear loss was observed at room temperature and this value decreased to 0.1 at 150oC. Consequently, wear loss is also decreased. Such behavior is explained by oxidation/vaporization of graphite and water molecules. At room temperature, the adsorbed water in graphite does not decompose and effect of passivation mechanism does not work. However, at 150oC, the water decomposed into OH, atomic hydrogen and oxygen which efficiently passivates the carbon dangling bonds. This effect is known to decrease the energy of the contact and protect against abrasive wear. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20temperature%20tribology" title="high temperature tribology">high temperature tribology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidation" title=" oxidation"> oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbostratic%20graphite" title=" turbostratic graphite"> turbostratic graphite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear "> wear </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26767/temperature-dependent-tribological-properties-of-graphite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16708</span> Compact LWIR Borescope Sensor for Thermal Imaging of 2D Surface Temperature in Gas-Turbine Engines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Zhang">Andy Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awnik%20Roy"> Awnik Roy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trevor%20B.%20Chen"> Trevor B. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bibik%20Oleksandar"> Bibik Oleksandar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subodh%20Adhikari"> Subodh Adhikari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20S.%20Hsu"> Paul S. Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The durability of a combustor in gas-turbine engines is a strong function of its component temperatures and requires good control of these temperatures. Since the temperature of combustion gases frequently exceeds the melting point of the combustion liner walls, an efficient air-cooling system with optimized flow rates of cooling air is significantly important to elongate the lifetime of liner walls. To determine the effectiveness of the air-cooling system, accurate two-dimensional (2D) surface temperature measurement of combustor liner walls is crucial for advanced engine development. Traditional diagnostic techniques for temperature measurement in this application include the rmocouples, thermal wall paints, pyrometry, and phosphors. They have shown some disadvantages, including being intrusive and affecting local flame/flow dynamics, potential flame quenching, and physical damages to instrumentation due to harsh environments inside the combustor and strong optical interference from strong combustion emission in UV-Mid IR wavelength. To overcome these drawbacks, a compact and small borescope long-wave-infrared (LWIR) sensor is developed to achieve 2D high-spatial resolution, high-fidelity thermal imaging of 2D surface temperature in gas-turbine engines, providing the desired engine component temperature distribution. The compactLWIRborescope sensor makes it feasible to promote the durability of a combustor in gas-turbine engines and, furthermore, to develop more advanced gas-turbine engines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=borescope" title="borescope">borescope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine" title=" engine"> engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-wave-infrared" title=" low-wave-infrared"> low-wave-infrared</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155941/compact-lwir-borescope-sensor-for-thermal-imaging-of-2d-surface-temperature-in-gas-turbine-engines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16707</span> Condition Optimization for Trypsin and Chymotrypsin Activities in Economic Animals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mallika%20Supa-Aksorn">Mallika Supa-Aksorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buaream%20Maneewan"> Buaream Maneewan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiraporn%20Rojtinnakorn"> Jiraporn Rojtinnakorn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For animals, trypsin and chymotrypsin are the 2 proteases that play the important role in protein digestion and involving in growth rate. In many animals, these two enzymes are indicated as growth parameter by feed. Although enzyme assay at optimal condition is significant for its accuracy activity determination. There is less report of trypsin and chymotrypsin. Therefore, in this study, optimization of pH and temperature for trypsin (T) and chymotrypsin (C) in economic species; i.e. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), sand goby (Oxyeleotoris marmoratus), giant freshwater prawn (Macrobachium rosenberchii) and native chicken (Gallus gallus) were investigated. Each enzyme of each species was assaying for its specific activity with variation of pH in range of 2-12 and temperature in range of 30-80 °C. It revealed that, for Nile tilapia, T had optimal condition at pH 9 and temperature 50-80 °C, whereas C had optimal condition at pH 8 and temperature 60 °C. For sand goby, T had optimal condition at pH 7 and temperature of 50 °C, while C had optimal condition at pH 11 and temperature of 70-75 °C. For juvenile freshwater prawn, T had optimal condition at pH 10-11 and temperature of 60-65 °C, C had optimal condition at pH 8 and temperature of 70°C. For starter native chicken, T has optimal condition at pH 7 and temperature of 70 °C, whereas C had o optimal condition at pH 8 and temperature of 60°C. This information of optimal conditions will be high valuable in further for, actual enzyme measurement of T and C activities that benefit for growth and feed analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trypsin" title="trypsin">trypsin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chymotrypsin" title=" chymotrypsin"> chymotrypsin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20niloticus" title=" Oreochromis niloticus"> Oreochromis niloticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oxyeleotoris%20marmoratus" title=" Oxyeleotoris marmoratus"> Oxyeleotoris marmoratus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Macrobachium%20rosenberchii" title=" Macrobachium rosenberchii"> Macrobachium rosenberchii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gallus%20gallus" title=" Gallus gallus"> Gallus gallus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64899/condition-optimization-for-trypsin-and-chymotrypsin-activities-in-economic-animals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16706</span> RAFU Functions in Robotics and Automation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alicia%20C.%20Sanchez">Alicia C. Sanchez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the implementation of RAFU functions (radical functions) in robotics and automation. Specifically, the main goal is to show how these functions may be useful in lane-keeping control and the lateral control of autonomous machines, vehicles, robots or the like. From the knowledge of several points of a certain route, the RAFU functions are used to achieve the lateral control purpose and maintain the lane-keeping errors within the fixed limits. The stability that these functions provide, their ease of approaching any continuous trajectory and the control of the possible error made on the approximation may be useful in practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20navigation%20control" title="automatic navigation control">automatic navigation control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20control" title=" lateral control"> lateral control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lane-keeping%20control" title=" lane-keeping control"> lane-keeping control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RAFU%20approximation" title=" RAFU approximation"> RAFU approximation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138558/rafu-functions-in-robotics-and-automation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16705</span> Change of the Thermal Conductivity of Polystyrene Insulation in term of Temperature at the Mid Thickness of the Insulation Material: Impact on the Cooling Load </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khoukhi">M. Khoukhi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accurate prediction of the cooling/heating load and consequently, the sizing of the heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning equipment require precise calculation of the heat transfer mainly by conduction through envelope components of a building. The thermal resistance of most thermal insulation materials depends on the operating temperature. The temperature to which the insulation materials are exposed varies, depending on the thermal resistance of the materials, the location of the insulation layer within the assembly system, and the effective temperature which depends on the amount of solar radiation received on the surface of the assembly. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the change of the thermal conductivity of polystyrene insulation material in terms of the temperature at the mid-thickness of the material and its effect on the cooling load required by the building. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20temperature" title="operating temperature">operating temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polystyrene%20insulation" title=" polystyrene insulation"> polystyrene insulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20load" title=" cooling load"> cooling load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43335/change-of-the-thermal-conductivity-of-polystyrene-insulation-in-term-of-temperature-at-the-mid-thickness-of-the-insulation-material-impact-on-the-cooling-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16704</span> Activation Parameters of the Low Temperature Creep Controlling Mechanism in Martensitic Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M%C3%BCnch">M. Münch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Brandt"> R. Brandt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Martensitic steels with an ultimate tensile strength beyond 2000 MPa are applied in the powertrain of vehicles due to their excellent fatigue strength and high creep resistance. However, the creep controlling mechanism in martensitic steels at ambient temperatures up to 423 K is not evident. The purpose of this study is to review the low temperature creep (LTC) behavior of martensitic steels at temperatures from 363 K to 523 K. Thus, the validity of a logarithmic creep law is reviewed and the stress and temperature dependence of the creep parameters α and β are revealed. Furthermore, creep tests are carried out, which include stepped changes in temperature or stress, respectively. On one hand, the change of the creep rate due to a temperature step provides information on the magnitude of the activation energy of the LTC controlling mechanism and on the other hand, the stress step approach provides information on the magnitude of the activation volume. The magnitude, the temperature dependency, and the stress dependency of both material specific activation parameters may deliver a significant contribution to the disclosure of the nature of the LTC rate controlling mechanism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activation%20parameters" title="activation parameters">activation parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep%20mechanisms" title=" creep mechanisms"> creep mechanisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20strength%20steels" title=" high strength steels"> high strength steels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20temperature%20creep" title=" low temperature creep"> low temperature creep</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85663/activation-parameters-of-the-low-temperature-creep-controlling-mechanism-in-martensitic-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16703</span> High-Temperature Behavior of Boiler Steel by Friction Stir Processing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supreet%20Singh">Supreet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manpreet%20Kaur"> Manpreet Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manoj%20Kumar"> Manoj Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High temperature corrosion is an imperative material degradation method experienced in thermal power plants and other energy generation sectors. Metallic materials such as ferritic steels have special properties such as easy fabrication and machinibilty, low cost, but a serious drawback of these materials is the worsening in properties initiating from the interaction with the environments. The metallic materials do not endure higher temperatures for extensive period of time because of their poor corrosion resistance. Friction Stir Processing (FSP), has emerged as the potent surface modification means and control of microstructure in thermo mechanically heat affecting zones of various metal alloys. In the current research work, FSP was done on the boiler tube of SA 210 Grade A1 material which is regularly used by thermal power plants. The strengthening of SA210 Grade A1 boiler steel through microstructural refinement by Friction Stir Processing (FSP) and analyze the effect of the same on high temperature corrosion behavior. The high temperature corrosion performance of the unprocessed and the FSPed specimens were evaluated in the laboratory using molten salt environment of Na₂SO₄-82%Fe₂(SO₄). The unprocessed and FSPed low carbon steel Gr A1 evaluation was done in terms of microstructure, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties like hardness- tensile. The in-depth characterization was done by EBSD, SEM/EDS and X-ray mapping analyses with an aim to propose the mechanism behind high temperature corrosion behavior of the FSPed steel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boiler%20steel" title="boiler steel">boiler steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EBSD%2FSEM%2FEDS%2FXRD" title=" EBSD/SEM/EDS/XRD"> EBSD/SEM/EDS/XRD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20processing" title=" friction stir processing"> friction stir processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91954/high-temperature-behavior-of-boiler-steel-by-friction-stir-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91954.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16702</span> Model Predictive Control of Turbocharged Diesel Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Yavas">U. Yavas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Gokasan"> M. Gokasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Control of diesel engine’s air path has drawn a lot of attention due to its multi input-multi output, closed coupled, non-linear relation. Today, precise control of amount of air to be combusted is a must in order to meet with tight emission limits and performance targets. In this study, passenger car size diesel engine is modeled by AVL Boost RT, and then simulated with standard, industry level PID controllers. Finally, linear model predictive control is designed and simulated. This study shows the importance of modeling and control of diesel engines with flexible algorithm development in computer based systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20control" title="predictive control">predictive control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine%20control" title=" engine control"> engine control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine%20modeling" title=" engine modeling"> engine modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PID%20control" title=" PID control"> PID control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feedforward%20compensation" title=" feedforward compensation"> feedforward compensation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34455/model-predictive-control-of-turbocharged-diesel-engine-with-exhaust-gas-recirculation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">636</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20of%20temperature&page=6" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20of%20temperature&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20of%20temperature&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20of%20temperature&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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