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title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">6</a></li></ul><div class="content whole type-article" ><div class="block_1" data-ucode="yT230266_0"><i class="anchor" id="yT230266_0"></i><p> Le diocèse est le type de l'<a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Alors que le même terme désigne, à la majuscule près, les édifices destinés au culte du Christ et la communauté de ses disciples, on observe que l'histoire et les réformes de l'Église à travers les siècles concernent à la fois sa liturgie et son architecture. L'histoire de l'architecture chrétienne s'étend sur plus de seize siècles et a concerné une grande partie du globe, au f..." title="Article : ÉGLISE, architecture" href="/encyclopedie/eglise-architecture/">Église</a> particulière, portion du peuple de Dieu confiée à un <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Le Nouveau Testament mentionne un ministère d'épiscope à quatre reprises (Philippiens, I, 1 ; Actes, xx , 28 ; I Timothée, iii , 2 ; Tite, i , 7). L'analyse du terme ne permet pas de lui attribuer à ce moment le contenu qu'il acquiert par la suite, dès l'an 120, avec Ignace d'Antioche par exemple, chez qui l'évêque (du grec épiskopos , « surveillant » ou « inspecteur ») app..." title="Article : ÉVÊQUE" href="/encyclopedie/eveque/">évêque</a>, qui en est le pasteur propre assisté de son presbyterium. Appelé d'abord paroisse (<em>paroikia</em>), il prit le nom de diocèse (du grec <em>dioikisis</em>) vers le <span class="pc">v</span><sup>e</sup>-<span class="pc">vi</span><sup>e</sup> siècle ; le terme est emprunté à l'organisation civile de l'Empire romain. En principe, le diocèse est géographique ; il peut être aussi personnel. Dans les Églises d'Orient, on parle d'éparchie.</p><p>Personne juridique dont les structures sont relatives aux besoins spirituels des fidèles et à la mission comme au mystère de l'Église, le diocèse a une organisation déterminée par le droit canonique : siège épiscopal et office de l'évêque diocésain, presbyterium, diacres, <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Terme ecclésiastique d'origine grecque, équivalent de concile , qui est d'origine latine. Il désigne, dans les diverses Églises, une assemblée délibérante représentative au cours de laquelle sont prises les principales décisions concernant la vie de ces Églises. On peut dire que la synodalité exprime la coopération commune dans les Églises et communautés chrétiennes.. Dans l' Égli..." title="Article : SYNODE" href="/encyclopedie/synode/">synode</a> diocésain, conseil pastoral, conseil presbytéral, conseil économique, services de la curie diocésaine, <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Terme qui — tout en bénéficiant, à la suite de sa récente importation d'Allemagne ( Seminar ), du sens nouveau de « groupe de travail d'étudiants ou de chercheurs » — désigne un centre de formation pour les futurs ministres ordonnés de l' Église catholique (du latin ecclésiastique seminarium , « pépinière », qui vient à son tour de semen , « semence »). Dès le iv e..." title="Article : SÉMINAIRE" href="/encyclopedie/seminaire/">séminaire</a>, patrimoine, etc. Réalité à la fois spirituelle et socio-juridique, le diocèse est la base de l'organisation de l'Église. C'est pourquoi il jouit d'une véritable autonomie dans le cadre du droit latin comme du droit oriental, avec son droit particulier, dont l'évêque diocésain est le législateur.</p><p>Le diocèse est obligatoirement divisé en paroisses, qui sont les communautés de base de l'Église particulière. Les paroisses sont regroupées en circonscriptions, lieux de coordination de l'activité pastorale locale (doyennés ou vicariats forains, archiprêtrés ou archidiaconés). La création, la modification, la suppression d'un diocèse relèvent de l'autorité romaine, après consultation des <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="L'un des buts du concile de Vatican II a été de compléter l' ecclésiologie du concile qui l'avait précédé, le premier concile du Vatican — caractérisée par la défense et l'illustration de la papauté —, voire de corriger la centralisation et l'uniformité excessives qui en résultèrent. Pour cela, ce concile a poursuivi la remise en valeur non seulement théologique (par la ..." title="Article : CONFÉRENCES ÉPISCOPALES" href="/encyclopedie/conferences-episcopales/">conférences épiscopales</a> concernées et, s'il y a lieu, des intéressés.</p><p>Tout diocèse fait partie d'un ou de plusieurs ensembles plus vastes : d'abord celui de la province ecclésiastique, présidée par l'<a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Titre fréquemment donné dans les Églises chrétiennes à un évêque ayant sur les autres évêques d'une province une certaine juridiction, qu'il exerce en plus de son pouvoir diocésain, mais qui n'implique pas une supériorité d'ordre. L'archevêque est l'héritier des anciens évêques métropolitains, qui avaient autorité sur les différents diocèses d'une province. Pourtant, l'archi�..." title="Article : ARCHEVÊQUE" href="/encyclopedie/archeveque/">archevêque</a> métropolitain ; l'évêque diocésain est membre du <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="La forme, la fréquence, la structure des conciles ont beaucoup varié au cours de l'histoire de l' Église . Rien d'étonnant à cela : l'Église n'a pas reçu de son fondateur une constitution complète, au sens où l'on parle de la constitution d'un État ; elle a reçu de lui les sacrements , la communauté des douze apôtres avec la primauté de l'un d'eux, le commandement de l'amour fr..." title="Article : CONCILE" href="/encyclopedie/concile/">concile</a> provincial avec voix délibérative, les représentants de son Église y ayant voix consultative (conseil presbytéral, conseil pastoral, etc.) ; ensuite, celui de la conférence des évêques (institution créée par le concile de Vatican II), dont les évêques diocésains sont seuls membres et dont la compétence est fixée par le droit.</p><p>Sont assimilées au diocèse les autres Églises particulières : la prélature territoriale, l'abbaye territoriale, l'ordinariat aux Armées, qui ont un ordinaire (pasteur) propre, pas nécessairement évêque. On assimile aussi au diocèse les Églises particulières qui n'ont pas encore d'ordinaire propre, comme l'administration apostolique, le vicariat ou la préfecture apostolique. Par contre, la prélature personnelle (comme l'Opus Dei) n'est pas considérée comme une Église particulière.</p><div class="clearfix"></div><p class="author"> —  ENCYCLOPÆDIA UNIVERSALIS</p><div class="clearfix"></div></div><div class="clearfix"></div></div><ul class="pagination justify-content-center public-links "><li class="page-item active"><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 1" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">1</a></li><li class="page-item "><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 2" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">2</a></li><li class="page-item "><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 3" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">3</a></li><li class="page-item "><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 4" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">4</a></li><li class="page-item "><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 5" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">5</a></li><li class="page-item "><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 6" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">6</a></li></ul><div class="folio-block"><p class="folio-block-title text-center text-uc"><strong>La suite de cet article est accessible aux abonnés</strong></p><ul class="list-unstyled"><li><i class="fa fa-fw fa-check-circle"></i> Des contenus variés, complets et fiables</li><li><i class="fa fa-fw fa-check-circle"></i> Accessible sur tous les écrans</li><li><i class="fa fa-fw fa-check-circle"></i> Pas de publicité</li></ul><p class="text-center"><a href="/abonnement/" class="btn btn-cta text-uc" id="folio-button" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="Block bottom">Découvrez nos offres </a></p><p class="text-center text-sm"> Déjà abonné ? <a href="/identification/" id="folio-login">Se connecter</a></p></div><div id="ad_mpuslot" class="pub-container text-center"><div class="pub-placeholder"></div></div><section class="mt-3 mb-5"><i class="anchor" id="T230266_AUTHORS"></i><p class="title-minor">Écrit par</p><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item"><strong> Encyclopædia Universalis</strong> : services rédactionnels de l'Encyclopædia Universalis</li></ul></section><section class="mb-5"><div class="text-center mb-3 d-print-none"><a class="d-inline-flex flex-row justify-content-center align-items-center btn btn-light btn-large text-start" title="Carte mentale : DIOCÈSE" href="/carte-mentale/diocese/"><i class="fa fa-sitemap fa-rotate-270 me-1 fs-1 text-universalis"></i><p class="m-0"><strong class="fs-4">Carte mentale</strong><br /> Élargissez votre recherche dans Universalis </p></a></div></section> <section class="mb-5 article-classification" data-print-label="la classification" data-print-target=".article-classification"> <i class="anchor" id="yT230266_ROOT_LINES"></i> <p class="title-minor">Classification</p> <nav aria-label="Classification 1"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Religions" href="/classification/religions/"> Religions </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Religions monothéistes" href="/classification/religions/religions-monotheistes/"> Religions monothéistes </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Christianisme" href="/classification/religions/religions-monotheistes/christianisme/"> Christianisme </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Christianisme d'Occident" href="/classification/religions/religions-monotheistes/christianisme/christianisme-d-occident/"> Christianisme d'Occident </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Catholicisme" href="/classification/religions/religions-monotheistes/christianisme/christianisme-d-occident/catholicisme/"> Catholicisme </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item active" data-dc-subject="Institutions catholiques romaines"> <a title="Classification : Institutions catholiques romaines" href="/classification/religions/religions-monotheistes/christianisme/christianisme-d-occident/catholicisme/institutions-catholiques-romaines/"> Institutions catholiques romaines </a> </li> </ol> </nav> <nav aria-label="Classification 2"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Religions" href="/classification/religions/"> Religions </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Religions monothéistes" href="/classification/religions/religions-monotheistes/"> Religions monothéistes </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item active" data-dc-subject="Christianisme"> <a title="Classification : Christianisme" href="/classification/religions/religions-monotheistes/christianisme/"> Christianisme </a> </li> </ol> </nav> </section> <section class="mb-5 d-print-none learn-more"> <i class="anchor" id="yT230266_REFERENCES"></i> <p class="title-minor">Autres références</p> <ul class="list-group"> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/droit-canonique/#c3663"> <span class="rg">CANONIQUE </span><span class="pc">DROIT</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Patrick VALDRINI</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">8 005 mots</li> </ul> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> ...auxquelles elle donne un statut dont l'élément essentiel est la structuration hiérarchique. Ces communautés sont, d'abord, les <em>Églises particulières</em>, dont le <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Le diocèse est le type de l' Église particulière, portion du peuple de Dieu confiée à un évêque , qui en est le pasteur propre assisté de son presbyterium. Appelé d'abord paroisse ( paroikia ), il prit le nom de diocèse (du grec dioikisis ) vers le v e - vi e siècle ; le terme est emprunté à l'organisation civile de l'Empire romain. En principe, le diocèse est géographique ;..." title="Article : DIOCÈSE" href="/encyclopedie/diocese/">diocèse</a> (ou éparchie en droit oriental) est le type, avec l'évêque comme titulaire de la charge pastorale. Elles sont, ensuite, les <em>paroisses...</em> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/catholicisme-l-organisation-et-la-vie-de-l-eglise/#c3663"> <span class="rg">CATHOLICISME - </span><span class="rm">L'organisation et la vie de l'Église</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">René COSTE</span> , <span rel="author"> Encyclopædia Universalis</span> et <span rel="author">Pierre LIÉGÉ</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">9 197 mots</li> </ul> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> D'après la conception catholique qui est aussi celle de toutes les Églises orientales, c'est le <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Le diocèse est le type de l' Église particulière, portion du peuple de Dieu confiée à un évêque , qui en est le pasteur propre assisté de son presbyterium. Appelé d'abord paroisse ( paroikia ), il prit le nom de diocèse (du grec dioikisis ) vers le v e - vi e siècle ; le terme est emprunté à l'organisation civile de l'Empire romain. En principe, le diocèse est géographique ;..." title="Article : DIOCÈSE" href="/encyclopedie/diocese/">diocèse</a>, communauté gouvernée par un évêque sur un territoire relativement vaste, qui constitue la communauté ecclésiale de base ou l'Église locale, parce que l'Église n'est pleinement signifiée... </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/clerge-constitutionnel/"> <span class="rg">CLERGÉ CONSTITUTIONNEL</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Bernard PLONGERON</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">980 mots</li> </ul> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p> Au sens strict, les « constitutionnels » ne comprennent que les fonctionnaires publics ecclésiastiques : évêques, curés et vicaires (décret du 27 nov. 1790) ; prédicateurs (27 mars 1791) ; chapelains et aumôniers d'hôpitaux et de prisons (15-17 avr.). Les « assermentés » englobent les religieux...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/constantin-le-grand/#c3663"> <span class="rg">CONSTANTIN LE GRAND </span><span class="rm">(285 env.-337)</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Paul PETIT</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">2 356 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">4 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : CONSTANTIN LE GRAND (285 env.-337)" href="/encyclopedie/constantin-le-grand/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Constantin - crédits : Index/ Bridgeman Images " width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/9/e/csm_ph99b048_ac0f2e5445.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> ...Les préfets du prétoire perdirent leurs compétences militaires et devinrent des administrateurs civils, chargés de vastes ressorts, regroupant plusieurs diocèses autour d'une capitale : Constantinople pour l'Orient, Milan pour l'Italie, l'Illyricum et l'Afrique, Trèves pour les Gaules et l'Espagne. 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