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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikibuku</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="subpages">< <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a></bdi></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><table style="border:1px solid #BBB; white-space:nowrap; width:100%; background:#ffffe8; margin-top: 7px; margin-bottom: 7px" class="noprint"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/JavaScript/Manipulasi_Dokumen_Waktu_Jalan" title="JavaScript/Manipulasi Dokumen Waktu Jalan">Sebelum: JavaScript/Manipulasi Dokumen Waktu Jalan</a> </td> <td style="width:33%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">Indeks</a> </td> <td style="width:33%; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/JavaScript/Mencari_Unsur" title="JavaScript/Mencari Unsur">Berikut: JavaScript/Mencari Unsur</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Model Objek Dokumen ataupun <i>Document-Object Model</i>, atau <b>DOM</b>, ialah alat JavaScript yang paling berguna. Dengan DOM, anda dapat bergerak dalam serta mengubah suai seluruh halaman web, daripada membuat tugas mudah seperti menambah unsur hinggalah mengatur semula beberpa bahagian laman tersebut. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nod">Nod</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JavaScript/Pengenalan_Model_Objek_Dokumen_(DOM)&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Nod"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DOM meleraikan sesuatu dokumen kepada <i>pepohon</i> atau himpunan berhierarki <i>nod</i>. Misalnya, lihat cebisan HTML ini: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"exampleDiv"</span><span class="p">></span>Ini ialah <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">></span>contoh cebisan HTML.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>Melalui DOM, JavaScript melihat ini sebagai cebisan yang mengandungi empat nod. Unsur <code>div</code>, bermula dengan tag pemula sehingga tag penamat, ialah satu nod. <code>Div</code> ini memiliki <i>sifat</i> yang diberikan kepadanya di dalam tag pemula. Sifat ini digelar "id" dan mempunyai <i>nilai</i> "exampleDiv". </p><p>Tiga lagi nod dalam contoh ini terletak di dalam <code>div</code>. Nod-nod ini dipanggil kod anak (<i>child nodes</i>) kepada <code>div</code> oleh sebab dirangkumi unsur <code>div</code>; dan disebabkan itu, <code>div</code> juga dikenali sebagai <i>nod induk</i>. Anak pertama <code>div</code> ialah <i>nod teks</i>, yang memiliki nilai "Ini ialah". Nod teks hanya mengandungi teks; nod ini tidak mengandungi tag dan kerana itu, ia berakhir di sini. Tag <br> ialah sebuah lagi nod, dan teks yang lain merupakan nod teks. Oleh sebab nod teks dan tag <br> berkongsi induk yang sama, nod-nod ini digelar <i>nod saudara</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JavaScript/Pengenalan_Model_Objek_Dokumen_(DOM)&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Contoh"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <pre><b><html></b> <b><head></b> <b></head></b> <b><body></b> <b><p</b> id="<font color="blue">DOMEx</font>"<b>></p></b> <b><div</b> id="<font color="blue">ContohDOM</font>"<b>></div></b> <b><script type="text/javascript"></b> <b>var</b> div=document.getElementById("<font color="blue">ContohDOM</font>"); <font color="green">// Mencari div di atas </font> <b>var</b> p=document.getElementById("<font color="blue">DOMEx</font>"); <font color="green">// Mencari p di atas</font> p.appendChild(div); <b></script></b> <b></body></b> <b></html></b> </pre> <p>Apa yang berlaku dalam contoh di atas seakan-akan kod berikut: </p> <pre><b><html> <head> </head> <body> <p </b>id="<font color="blue">DOMEx</font>"<b>><div</b> id="<font color="blue">ContohDOM</font>"<b>></div></p> </body> </html></b> </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penerangan">Penerangan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JavaScript/Pengenalan_Model_Objek_Dokumen_(DOM)&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Penerangan"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kod ini mengatur semula HTML, dan menggerakkan tag <code><<i>div</i>></code> daripada tag saudara <code><<i>p</i>></code> menjadi anaknya. Berikut cara ia bekerja: </p><p>Pertama, keuda-dua nod dijumpai melalui fungsi DOM, <code>document.getElementById()</code>. Nod ditugaskan (<i>assign</i>) kepada dua pemboleh ubah. Pemboleh ubah <code>div</code> mencari tag yang pertama yang mengandungi sifat ID <code>ContohDOM</code>. Pemboleh ubah <code>p</code> pula mencari tag yang pertama yang memiliki ID <code>DOMEx</code>, yang dalam contoh ini ialah tag <code><<i>p</i>></code>. </p><p>Kod <code>p.appendChild()</code> mengguna fungsi <code>appendChild</code> untuk meletakkan nilai <code>div</code> di bawah nod yang terkait dengan "p", sebagi anaknya yang terakhir. Dalam kata lain, ia meletakkan tag <code><i>div</i></code> ke dalam tag <code><i>p</i></code>. </p> <table style="border:1px solid #BBB; white-space:nowrap; width:100%; background:#ffffe8; margin-top: 7px; margin-bottom: 7px" class="noprint"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/JavaScript/Manipulasi_Dokumen_Waktu_Jalan" title="JavaScript/Manipulasi Dokumen Waktu Jalan">Sebelum: JavaScript/Manipulasi Dokumen Waktu Jalan</a> </td> <td style="width:33%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">Indeks</a> </td> <td style="width:33%; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/JavaScript/Mencari_Unsur" title="JavaScript/Mencari Unsur">Berikut: JavaScript/Mencari Unsur</a> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambil daripada "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ms.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=JavaScript/Pengenalan_Model_Objek_Dokumen_(DOM)&oldid=7765">https://ms.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=JavaScript/Pengenalan_Model_Objek_Dokumen_(DOM)&oldid=7765</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Kategori" title="Khas:Kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Pages_using_deprecated_source_tags&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Pages using deprecated source tags (laman tidak wujud)">Pages using deprecated source tags</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Buku:JavaScript&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Buku:JavaScript (laman tidak wujud)">Buku:JavaScript</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Laman ini kali terakhir disunting pada 03:07, 3 April 2013.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks disediakan di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ms">Lesen Creative Commons Pengiktirafan/Perkongsian Serupa</a>; terma tambahan mungkin digunapakai. 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