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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Billy Apple</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Billy_Apple-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Billy_Apple_in_New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Billy_Apple_in_New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Billy Apple in New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Billy_Apple_in_New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Billy_Apple_and_his_collaborators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Billy_Apple_and_his_collaborators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Billy Apple and his collaborators</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Billy_Apple_and_his_collaborators-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Billy Apple</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Officer_of_the_New_Zealand_Order_of_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit">ONZM</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Billy_Apple_2018_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Billy_Apple_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Billy_Apple_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Billy_Apple_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Billy_Apple_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Billy_Apple_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Billy_Apple_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="643" data-file-height="842" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Apple in 2018</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Barrie Bates</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1935-12-31</span>)</span>31 December 1935<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a>, New Zealand</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">6 September 2021<span style="display:none">(2021-09-06)</span> (aged 85)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art" title="Royal College of Art">Royal College of Art</a>, London, postgraduate diploma in graphic design</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Rigorous idea-driven works across many fields of art</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Pop_art" title="Pop art">Pop art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">Conceptual art</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Billy Apple</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Officer_of_the_New_Zealand_Order_of_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit">ONZM</a></span></span> (born <b>Barrie Bates</b>;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 31 December 1935 – 6 September 2021) was a New Zealand artist whose work is associated with the London, Auckland and New York schools of <a href="/wiki/Pop_art" title="Pop art">pop art</a> in the 1960s and NY's <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Conceptual Art">Conceptual Art</a> movement in the 1970s. He worked alongside artists like <a href="/wiki/Andy_Warhol" title="Andy Warhol">Andy Warhol</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Hockney" title="David Hockney">David Hockney</a> before opening the second of the seven New York Not-for-Profit spaces in 1969. His work is held in the permanent collections of <a href="/wiki/Tate_Britain" title="Tate Britain">Tate Britain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Gallery_of_Modern_Art" title="Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art">Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art" title="Philadelphia Museum of Art">Philadelphia Museum of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solomon_R._Guggenheim_Museum" title="Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum">Guggenheim Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Museum_of_Art" title="Chrysler Museum of Art">Chrysler Museum of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Institute_of_Arts" title="Detroit Institute of Arts">Detroit Institute of Arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Australia" title="National Gallery of Australia">National Gallery of Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Te_Papa" title="Te Papa">Te Papa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Auckland_Art_Gallery" title="Auckland Art Gallery">Auckland Art Gallery</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Christchurch_Art_Gallery" title="Christchurch Art Gallery">Christchurch Art Gallery</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Auckland" title="University of Auckland">University of Auckland</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Stedelijk_Museum_voor_Actuele_Kunst" title="Stedelijk Museum voor Actuele Kunst">Stedelijk Museum voor Actuele Kunst</a> in Belgium. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barrie Bates was born in the <a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a> suburb of Royal Oak on 31 December 1935, the eldest child of Marija (née Petrie, originally Petrich, of <a href="/wiki/Croatian_New_Zealanders" title="Croatian New Zealanders">Croatian</a> origin) and Albert Bates.<sup id="cite_ref-NZH_2021_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NZH_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NZH_2015_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NZH_2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended <a href="/wiki/Mount_Albert_Grammar_School" title="Mount Albert Grammar School">Mount Albert Grammar School</a>, but left secondary school aged 15 without qualifications. He took a job as a technician for a paint manufacturer in 1951 where he developed a proportional system of mixing paint rather than colour matching by eye. He then worked as a junior in design and advertising notably designing the Farmers Department Store logo. Bates attended evening classes at <a href="/wiki/Elam_School_of_Fine_Arts" title="Elam School of Fine Arts">Elam School of Fine Arts</a>, where he met <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ellis_(artist)" title="Robert Ellis (artist)">Robert Ellis</a>, a graduate of the Royal College of Art in London.<sup id="cite_ref-NZH_2015_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NZH_2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1959 he left New Zealand on a New Zealand Government scholarship to study at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art" title="Royal College of Art">Royal College of Art</a>, London,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from 1959 to 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his time at the RCA, Apple made friends with fellow students <a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Hockney" title="David Hockney">David Hockney</a> and went on to become one of a new generation of <a href="/wiki/Pop_artists" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop artists">pop artists</a>, which included amongst others, <a href="/wiki/Derek_Boshier" title="Derek Boshier">Derek Boshier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Bowling" title="Frank Bowling">Frank Bowling</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Boty" title="Pauline Boty">Pauline Boty</a>. During this time, he frequently exhibited in the <i>Young Contemporaries</i> and <i>Young Commonwealth Artists</i> exhibitions alongside Frank Bowling, Jonathan Kingdon, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Culbert" title="Bill Culbert">Bill Culbert</a>, Jan Bensemann, and Jerry Pethick.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. His relationship with novelist <a href="/wiki/Ann_Quin" title="Ann Quin">Ann Quin</a> then secretary of the RCA painting school and David Hockney are the subjects of Anthony Byrt's book, <i>The Mirror Seemed Over: Love and Pop in London, 1962</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which unearths a more interesting and complicated picture for the development of pop art. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Billy_Apple">Billy Apple</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Billy Apple"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bates conceived a new artistic persona and on Thanksgiving Day, November 22, 1962, he bleached his hair and eyebrows with Lady <a href="/wiki/Clairol" title="Clairol">Clairol</a> Instant Cremé Whip and became <b>Billy Apple.</b><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He announced his self-branding name change publicly in 1963 in his first solo show – <i>Apple Sees Red: Live Stills</i> – at <a href="/wiki/Victor_Musgrave" title="Victor Musgrave">Victor Musgrave</a>'s Gallery One, London. He moved to <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A pivotal event in his career was the 1964 exhibit "The American Supermarket", a show held in Paul Bianchini's Upper East Side gallery. The show was presented as a typical small supermarket environment, except that everything in it – the produce, canned goods, meat, posters on the wall, etc. – was created by prominent pop artists of the time, including Apple, <a href="/wiki/Andy_Warhol" title="Andy Warhol">Andy Warhol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claes_Oldenburg" title="Claes Oldenburg">Claes Oldenburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Wesselmann" title="Tom Wesselmann">Tom Wesselmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jasper_Johns" title="Jasper Johns">Jasper Johns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Inman" title="Mary Inman">Mary Inman</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Rosenquist" title="James Rosenquist">James Rosenquist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Watts_(artist)" title="Robert Watts (artist)">Robert Watts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NZH_2015_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NZH_2015-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Apple was one of the artists who pioneered the use of <a href="/wiki/Neon_sign" title="Neon sign">neon</a> in art.<sup id="cite_ref-SquareTime_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SquareTime-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was seen in the 1965 exhibitions <i>Apples to Xerox</i> and <i>Neon Rainbows</i>, both at The Bianchini Gallery. Then in 1967, the exhibition <i>Unidentified Fluorescent Objects</i> (<i>UFOs</i>), which showed a collection of neon light sculptures, was held at the Howard Wise Gallery, a fore-runner to the organisation <a href="/wiki/Electronic_Arts_Intermix" title="Electronic Arts Intermix">Electronic Arts Intermix</a> (EAI).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of Apple's <i>UFO</i>s was included in a 2013 exhibition which reconsidered the influence of the Howard Wise Gallery.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1969, the artist established <i>Apple</i>, one of the first <a href="/wiki/Alternative_exhibition_space" title="Alternative exhibition space">alternative exhibition spaces</a> in New York City at 161 West Twenty-third Street in order, as he stated, "to provide an independent and experimental alternative space for the presentation of [his] own work and the work of others." Initially, the exhibition space was part of his own studio. During its four years, Apple produced 35 works in the venue and hosted work by other artists including <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoff_Hendricks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoff Hendricks (page does not exist)">Geoff Hendricks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mac_Adams" title="Mac Adams">Mac Adams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Davi_Det_Hompson" title="Davi Det Hompson">Davi Det Hompson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Miller_(artist)" title="Larry Miller (artist)">Larry Miller</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerry_Vis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerry Vis (page does not exist)">Jerry Vis</a>. The space was considered both an exhibition space and a forum for art and discourse.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1974, Apple's first major survey exhibition was held at the <a href="/wiki/Serpentine_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Serpentine Gallery">Serpentine Gallery</a> in London: <i>From Barrie Bates to Billy Apple</i>. In 1975 Apple returned to New Zealand for the first time in sixteen years.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the visit, he embarked on a national exhibition tour with support from the <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Arts_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council">Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council</a>. The same year Apple installed his installation <i>Neon Accumulation</i><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on the main staircase of the Govett-Brewster Art Gallery, at that time under the directorship of <a href="/wiki/Ron_O%27Reilly" title="Ron O'Reilly">Ron O'Reilly</a>. Controversy followed when the local fire Department asked for it to be removed<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and again when O’Reilly arranged for <i>Neon Accumulation</i> to become part of the gallery’s permanent collection<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apple was invited to a tour again over the summer of 1979 and 1980. The exhibition he toured was called <i>The Given as an Art Political Statement</i>. During each tour, he exhibited in spaces throughout the country.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Billy_Apple_in_New_Zealand">Billy Apple in New Zealand</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Billy Apple in New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Billy_Apple_(circa_1993)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Billy_Apple_%28circa_1993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Billy_Apple_%28circa_1993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Billy_Apple_%28circa_1993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Billy_Apple_%28circa_1993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Billy_Apple_%28circa_1993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Billy_Apple_%28circa_1993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="1013" /></a><figcaption>Apple circa 1993, at an Art for AIDS function</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Touch_flag_corner,_outside_Eden_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Touch_flag_corner%2C_outside_Eden_Park.jpg/220px-Touch_flag_corner%2C_outside_Eden_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Touch_flag_corner%2C_outside_Eden_Park.jpg/330px-Touch_flag_corner%2C_outside_Eden_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Touch_flag_corner%2C_outside_Eden_Park.jpg/440px-Touch_flag_corner%2C_outside_Eden_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption><i>The Corner Post</i> (2011), a sculpture by Billy Apple installed outside <a href="/wiki/Eden_Park" title="Eden Park">Eden Park</a></figcaption></figure> <p>During the 1980s, Apple's practice focused on the economics of the art world. The exhibition <i>Art for Sale</i> at Peter Webb gallery in 1980 was made up of a series of artworks that were actual receipts for the payment given to the artist. This work progressed on to a series called <i>Transactions</i>. Other important series of works by Apple that began in the 1980s include <i>Golden Rectangle</i> series and <i>From the Collection</i>. In 1983 he produced a solid gold apple for former Auckland Coin & Bullion Exchange Director, Ray Smith, valued at $(NZ)85,000 – the most expensive work made by a living New Zealander at the time<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a significant precursor to <a href="/wiki/Damien_Hirst" title="Damien Hirst">Damien Hirst</a>'s 2007 diamond skull titled <a href="/wiki/For_the_Love_of_God" title="For the Love of God">For the Love of God</a>. The gold apple was later exhibited at <a href="/wiki/Artspace_NZ" class="mw-redirect" title="Artspace NZ">Artspace</a>, Auckland in 2004 as part of an installation developed with regular collaborator and writer, Wystan Curnow.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He returned to New Zealand permanently in 1990<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and lived in Auckland. In 1991 the Wellington City Art Gallery staged a decade survey of his work: <i>As Good as Gold: Billy Apple Art Transactions 1981–1991</i>. Negotiations are underway between <a href="/wiki/Saatchi_%26_Saatchi" title="Saatchi & Saatchi">Saatchi & Saatchi</a> and the New Zealand horticulture research centre to develop an apple that could be named "Billy Apple". In 2001 Apple created a company, "Billy Apple Ltd", in anticipation of securing licensing of the marketing rights over this new apple.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2005_New_Year_Honours_(New_Zealand)" title="2005 New Year Honours (New Zealand)">2005 New Year Honours</a>, Apple was appointed an <a href="/wiki/Officer_of_the_New_Zealand_Order_of_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit">Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit</a>, for services to art.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The artist had a long-standing interest and involvement in motor racing, which was acknowledged with two vehicles from his own collection in the 1991 <i>As Good as Gold</i> survey and the accompanying publication.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This interest was brought to the fore with <i>The Art Circuit</i>, a sound performance work incorporating famous bikes and riders staged on the Auckland Art Gallery forecourt in 2007. This was followed by the 2008 solo exhibition, <i>The Bruce and Denny Show</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> presented at Two Rooms in 2008 as a tribute to the <a href="/wiki/McLaren_Group" title="McLaren Group">McLaren brand</a>, and particularly to the motoring triumphs of <a href="/wiki/Bruce_McLaren" title="Bruce McLaren">Bruce McLaren</a> and <a href="/wiki/Denny_Hulme" title="Denny Hulme">Denny Hulme</a> from 1967 to 1969. The exhibition included Hulme's $1.5 million McLaren M8A-2 racing car and text works that refer to the tracks raced and the two drivers' cars' livery.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, Apple was the subject of a feature-length documentary called <i>Being Billy Apple</i>. Produced by Spacific Films and directed by award-winning filmmaker, <a href="/wiki/Leanne_Pooley" title="Leanne Pooley">Leanne Pooley</a>, the documentary tells the story of Billy Apple's life from his POP period through his involvement with the conceptual art movement in New York City during the 1970s to his current "horticultural/art" Apple endeavours.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Adam_Art_Gallery,_Wellington" class="mw-redirect" title="Adam Art Gallery, Wellington">Adam Art Gallery, Wellington</a> staged the survey exhibition <i>Billy Apple: New York 1969–1973</i>, covering the activities undertaken by the artist in the not-for-profit gallery he ran from 161 West 23rd Street.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later in 2009 the Witte de With Centre for Contemporary Art (now known as the <a href="/wiki/Kunstinstituut_Melly" title="Kunstinstituut Melly">Kunstinstituut Melly</a>) in Amsterdam presented a major exhibition in two parts, curated by <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Schafhausen" title="Nicolaus Schafhausen">Nicolaus Schafhausen</a>; the first <i>Billy Apple: A History of the Brand</i>, surveyed the artist's entire practice from inception as his own brand to the present day;<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the second, <i>Revealed/Concealed</i>, focused on his works that critique the site of art through architectural interventions.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, Apple was the subject of a major retrospective exhibition at <a href="/wiki/Auckland_Art_Gallery_Toi_o_Tamaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tamaki">Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tamaki</a>, curated by <a href="/wiki/Tina_Barton" title="Tina Barton">Tina Barton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apple had a citywide presence during the retrospective with many other institutions and galleries in the city independently holding presentations of the artist's work at the same time including <a href="/wiki/Artspace_NZ" class="mw-redirect" title="Artspace NZ">Artspace NZ</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Te_Uru_Waitakere_Contemporary_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Te Uru Waitakere Contemporary Gallery">Te Uru Waitakere Contemporary Gallery</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Melanie Roger Gallery,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Starkwhite,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gow Langsford Gallery,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as <a href="/wiki/Bergman_Gallery" title="Bergman Gallery">Bergman Gallery</a> in association with Starkwhite, <a href="/wiki/Rarotonga" title="Rarotonga">Rarotonga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The occasion of the retrospective also saw the commercial launch of Billy Apple Ciders and an application developed by the Albert Eden Local Board called the Billy Apple Compass which could be used to navigate the artist's public sculptures.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since his death in 2021, Apple continues to have solo exhibitions around the world. Such as <i>Billy Apple®: Rainbows 1965,</i> The Mayor Gallery, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in 2022,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>New York Rainbows</i>, <a href="/wiki/Bergman_Gallery" title="Bergman Gallery">Bergman Gallery</a>, Rarotonga, <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a> in 2022,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>Billy Apple®: Divine Proportion</i>, Starkwhite, <a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Billy_Apple_and_his_collaborators">Billy Apple and his collaborators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Billy Apple and his collaborators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ann_Quin">Ann Quin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ann Quin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Starting with his studies at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art" title="Royal College of Art">Royal College of Art</a>, Billy Apple explored and tested the space between the conception and implementation of an art object or project.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, when he came to write his thesis presentation, he asked <a href="/wiki/Ann_Quin" title="Ann Quin">Ann Quin</a>, a close friend of his, to write it for him.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also drew from his early experience in advertising to adapt some of the industry’s collaborative production techniques and began to outsource the making of his own work to highly skilled professionals.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terry_Maitland">Terry Maitland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Terry Maitland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although many artists use fabricators<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to make their work, Apple was always fascinated by a deeper blurring of the conventional boundaries between artists and the art infrastructure. As art historian <a href="/wiki/Tina_Barton" title="Tina Barton">Christina Barton</a> put it, he was not just fascinated by the making of art but by ‘the whole ecology of it.’<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An example is the development of Apple’s relationship with Terry Maitland, an Auckland signwriter. Maitland recalls first working with Apple on an advertising job in 1981 and soon after that beginning their long association during which Maitland produced all of Apple’s signature style canvases.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wystan_Curnow">Wystan Curnow</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Wystan Curnow"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apple’s longest serving and closest collaborator was <a href="/wiki/Wystan_Curnow" title="Wystan Curnow">Wystan Curnow</a> an art critic, curator and poet who taught at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Auckland" title="University of Auckland">University of Auckland</a>. They started working together in the late-1970s and Curnow went on to collaborate on many of the works Apple made while in New Zealand.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acting as ‘minder’, advisor, copywriter and commentator,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Curnow worked with Apple on the development of ideas and strategies such as <i>The Given as an Art Political Statement</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Sold</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>The artist has to live like everybody else</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Apple and Curnow first developed the phrase <i>The artist has to live like everybody else</i> in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also used as the text on a large billboard-sized work in central Rotterdam in 2009 as part of Apple’s two-part survey exhibition at the <a href="/wiki/Kunstinstituut_Melly" title="Kunstinstituut Melly">Witte de With Center for Contemporary Art</a>. Six years later the same words were chosen as the title of Apple’s survey exhibition curated by Christina Barton at the Auckland Art Gallery. A large version of the text in Apple’s familiar typeface, was mounted at the gallery’s entrance. In recognition of the close collaboration behind its creation and presentation over 35 years, this time a credit line included Curnow’s name alongside Apple’s.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ( See also: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLGp5cW8-ro">Wystan Curnow Talks About Billy Apple</a></i>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dr_Craig_Hilton">Dr Craig Hilton</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Dr Craig Hilton"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2009 Apple donated blood to the New Zealand artist and scientist Dr <a href="/wiki/Craig_Hilton" title="Craig Hilton">Craig Hilton</a>, leading to a series of three science/art projects by Hilton. In <i>The Immortalisation of Billy Apple®</i> (2010) a cell line from Apple's cells was created using a virus to alter Apple's cells, so that they would keep regenerating forever.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cell lines - named formally after Billy Apple® - are held at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Auckland" title="University of Auckland">University of Auckland</a>'s School of Biological Sciences and the <a href="/wiki/ATCC_(company)" title="ATCC (company)">American Type Culture Collection</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, in the United States. In the second work, Hilton commissioned <a href="/wiki/University_of_Otago" title="University of Otago">Otago University</a>-based New Zealand Genomics Ltd to sequence Apple's entire <a href="/wiki/Genome" title="Genome">genome</a> for <i>The Digitisation of Billy Apple</i>. In the third of Hilton's works, <i>The Analysis of Billy Apple's Genome</i> (2014) the artist presents Apple's personal genetic information in a <a href="/wiki/Circos" class="mw-redirect" title="Circos">Circos</a> diagram. Hilton says the works are designed to provoke debate around scientific advances and the ethical challenges they create.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Writing in <a href="/wiki/Metro_(magazine)" title="Metro (magazine)"><i>Metro</i></a> magazine, art critic Anthony Byrt opined:<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 'It's the most complex and radical project Apple has been involved in since the name change. It's also how the brand will outlast the body.' </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2018, Apple was named as an Icon by the <a href="/wiki/Arts_Foundation_of_New_Zealand" title="Arts Foundation of New Zealand">Arts Foundation of New Zealand</a>, an honour limited to 20 living New Zealanders.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apple died on the morning of 6 September 2021 following a "short illness".<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was 85.<sup id="cite_ref-NZH_2021_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NZH_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">Conceptual art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institutional_critique" class="mw-redirect" title="Institutional critique">Institutional critique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_art" title="Pop art">Pop art</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tilman Osterwold, <i>Pop Art</i>, Taschen, 2003, p78. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8228-2070-9" title="Special:BookSources/3-8228-2070-9">3-8228-2070-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuseum_of_New_Zealand_Te_Papa_Tongarewa2005" class="citation book cs1">Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (2005). <i>Treasures from the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa</i>. Te Papa Press. p. 69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-877385-12-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-877385-12-3"><bdi>1-877385-12-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Treasures+from+the+Museum+of+New+Zealand+Te+Papa+Tongarewa&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=Te+Papa+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-877385-12-3&rft.au=Museum+of+New+Zealand+Te+Papa+Tongarewa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NZH_2021-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NZH_2021_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NZH_2021_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/billy-apple-giant-of-new-zealand-art-has-died/KQ4IBESJQ5SOQ7QT466O52ORLU/">"Billy Apple, 'giant of New Zealand art', has died"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Zealand_Herald" title="The New Zealand Herald">The New Zealand Herald</a></i>. 5 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Zealand+Herald&rft.atitle=Billy+Apple%2C+%27giant+of+New+Zealand+art%27%2C+has+died&rft.date=2021-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Fentertainment%2Fbilly-apple-giant-of-new-zealand-art-has-died%2FKQ4IBESJQ5SOQ7QT466O52ORLU%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NZH_2015-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NZH_2015_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NZH_2015_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NZH_2015_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/portrait-of-an-artist-billy-apple/TPUMQJGRDRBLYLSTL2NGA57PY4/">"Portrait of an artist: Billy Apple"</a>. <i>New Zealand Herald</i>. 14 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Zealand+Herald&rft.atitle=Portrait+of+an+artist%3A+Billy+Apple&rft.date=2015-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Flifestyle%2Fportrait-of-an-artist-billy-apple%2FTPUMQJGRDRBLYLSTL2NGA57PY4%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19351231.2.2">"Births"</a>. <i>Auckland Star</i>. Vol. 66, no. 309. 31 December 1935. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Auckland+Star&rft.atitle=Births&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=309&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1935-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpaperspast.natlib.govt.nz%2Fnewspapers%2FAS19351231.2.2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/sep/06/ground-breaking-new-zealand-artist-billy-apple-dies-aged-85">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Ground-breaking' New Zealand artist Billy Apple dies aged 85"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 6 September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210906020635/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/sep/06/ground-breaking-new-zealand-artist-billy-apple-dies-aged-85">Archived</a> from the original on 6 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=%27Ground-breaking%27+New+Zealand+artist+Billy+Apple+dies+aged+85&rft.date=2021-09-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2021%2Fsep%2F06%2Fground-breaking-new-zealand-artist-billy-apple-dies-aged-85&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunn2002" class="citation book cs1">Dunn, Michael (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ANcefr26DakC"><i>New Zealand Sculpture: A History</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Auckland_University_Press" title="Auckland University Press">Auckland University Press</a>. p. 125. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86940-277-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86940-277-8"><bdi>978-1-86940-277-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Sculpture%3A+A+History&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=Auckland+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-86940-277-8&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DANcefr26DakC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByrt2020" class="citation book cs1">Byrt, Anthony (2020). <i>The mirror steamed over: love and pop in London, 1962</i>. Auckland, New Zealand: Auckland University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86940-910-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86940-910-4"><bdi>978-1-86940-910-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+mirror+steamed+over%3A+love+and+pop+in+London%2C+1962&rft.place=Auckland%2C+New+Zealand&rft.pub=Auckland+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1-86940-910-4&rft.aulast=Byrt&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurnow2003" class="citation web cs1">Curnow, Wystan (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/documentid/oao-9781884446054-e-7000003469">"Apple, Billy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Art_Online" title="Oxford Art Online">Oxford Art Online</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgao%2F9781884446054.article.t003469">10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t003469</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Art+Online&rft.atitle=Apple%2C+Billy&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fgao%2F9781884446054.article.t003469&rft.aulast=Curnow&rft.aufirst=Wystan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordartonline.com%2Fgroveart%2Fdocumentid%2Foao-9781884446054-e-7000003469&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/450857/artist-billy-apple-pioneer-in-pop-art-dies-at-85">"Artist Billy Apple, pioneer in pop art, dies at 85"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_New_Zealand" title="Radio New Zealand">Radio New Zealand</a>. 6 September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210906000700/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/450857/artist-billy-apple-pioneer-in-pop-art-dies-at-85">Archived</a> from the original on 6 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Artist+Billy+Apple%2C+pioneer+in+pop+art%2C+dies+at+85&rft.pub=Radio+New+Zealand&rft.date=2021-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnz.co.nz%2Fnews%2Fnational%2F450857%2Fartist-billy-apple-pioneer-in-pop-art-dies-at-85&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SquareTime-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SquareTime_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101028125831/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,941980,00.html">"A Times Square of the Mind"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. 18 March 1966. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,941980,00.html">the original</a> on 28 October 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=A+Times+Square+of+the+Mind&rft.date=1966-03-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C941980%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oppenheimer, Robin (March/April 2007). "Video Installation: Characteristics of an Expanding Medium". After Image 34 (5): 14–18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130701143022/http://www.moellerfineart.com/exhibitions/2012-04-27_howard-wise-gallery-exploring-the-new/">"Press release: Howard Wise Gallery: Exploring the New"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moellerfineart.com/exhibitions/2012-04-27_howard-wise-gallery-exploring-the-new/">the original</a> on 1 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+release%3A+Howard+Wise+Gallery%3A+Exploring+the+New&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moellerfineart.com%2Fexhibitions%2F2012-04-27_howard-wise-gallery-exploring-the-new%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRusseth2013" class="citation web cs1">Russeth, Andrew (9 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://galleristny.com/2013/04/howard-wise-exploring-the-new-at-moeller-fine-art/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Howard Wise: Exploring the New' at Moeller Fine Art"</a>. <i>GalleristNY</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GalleristNY&rft.atitle=%27Howard+Wise%3A+Exploring+the+New%27+at+Moeller+Fine+Art&rft.date=2013-04-09&rft.aulast=Russeth&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgalleristny.com%2F2013%2F04%2Fhoward-wise-exploring-the-new-at-moeller-fine-art%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarton2020" class="citation book cs1">Barton, Christina (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1224361137"><i>Billy Apple : life/work</i></a>. Auckland University Press. pp. 125–135. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-77671-053-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-77671-053-9"><bdi>978-1-77671-053-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1224361137">1224361137</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Billy+Apple+%3A+life%2Fwork&rft.pages=125-135&rft.pub=Auckland+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1224361137&rft.isbn=978-1-77671-053-9&rft.aulast=Barton&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1224361137&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/458769322"><i>Billy Apple</i></a>. Zoë. Gray, Nicolaus Schlafhausen, Monika Szewczyk, Centre For Contemporary Art Wittie De With. Rotterdam: Wittie De With, Centre For Contemporary Art. 2009. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-73362-89-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-73362-89-5"><bdi>978-90-73362-89-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/458769322">458769322</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Billy+Apple&rft.place=Rotterdam&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Wittie+De+With%2C+Centre+For+Contemporary+Art&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F458769322&rft.isbn=978-90-73362-89-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F458769322&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://govettbrewster.com/collection/75-55">"Neon Accumulation"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Neon+Accumulation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgovettbrewster.com%2Fcollection%2F75-55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Billy Apple Sculpture Annoyed Fire Brigade". <i>Evening Post</i>. 30 September 1975.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Post&rft.atitle=Billy+Apple+Sculpture+Annoyed+Fire+Brigade&rft.date=1975-09-30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19770331.2.33?items_per_page=10&page=6&query=govett-Brewster&snippet=true">"Govett-Brewster Art Gallery"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Govett-Brewster+Art+Gallery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpaperspast.natlib.govt.nz%2Fnewspapers%2FCHP19770331.2.33%3Fitems_per_page%3D10%26page%3D6%26query%3Dgovett-Brewster%26snippet%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurnow2015" class="citation book cs1">Curnow, Wystan (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/921144004"><i>Sold on Apple : the complete Wystan Curnow writings</i></a>. Auckland Art Gallery Toi Tamaki. p. 60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86463-302-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86463-302-6"><bdi>978-0-86463-302-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/921144004">921144004</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sold+on+Apple+%3A+the+complete+Wystan+Curnow+writings.&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=Auckland+Art+Gallery+Toi+Tamaki&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F921144004&rft.isbn=978-0-86463-302-6&rft.aulast=Curnow&rft.aufirst=Wystan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F921144004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClifford2004" class="citation news cs1">Clifford, Andrew (16 June 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/news/article.cfm?c_id=6&objectid=3572707">"Tales of Gold: The Tale of Ray, at Artspace"</a>. <i>NZ Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NZ+Herald&rft.atitle=Tales+of+Gold%3A+The+Tale+of+Ray%2C+at+Artspace&rft.date=2004-06-16&rft.aulast=Clifford&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Flifestyle%2Fnews%2Farticle.cfm%3Fc_id%3D6%26objectid%3D3572707&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130209134441/http://artspace.org.nz/exhibitions/2004/billyapple.asp">"Tales of Gold, Billy Apple with Wystan Curnow"</a>. <i>Artspace</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artspace.org.nz/exhibitions/2004/billyapple.asp">the original</a> on 9 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Artspace&rft.atitle=Tales+of+Gold%2C+Billy+Apple+with+Wystan+Curnow&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.artspace.org.nz%2Fexhibitions%2F2004%2Fbillyapple.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33455133"><i>As good as gold : Billy Apple, Art Transactions, 1981-1991</i></a>. Wystan Curnow, Gregory Burke, Wellington City Art Gallery. Wellington, N.Z.: Wellington City Art Gallery, Wellington City Council. 1991. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-908818-15-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-908818-15-7"><bdi>0-908818-15-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/33455133">33455133</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=As+good+as+gold+%3A+Billy+Apple%2C+Art+Transactions%2C+1981-1991&rft.place=Wellington%2C+N.Z.&rft.pub=Wellington+City+Art+Gallery%2C+Wellington+City+Council&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F33455133&rft.isbn=0-908818-15-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F33455133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/publications/new-year-honours-list-2005">"New Year honours list 2005"</a>. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 31 December 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Year+honours+list+2005&rft.pub=Department+of+the+Prime+Minister+and+Cabinet&rft.date=2004-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dpmc.govt.nz%2Fpublications%2Fnew-year-honours-list-2005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gregory Burke, "Exchange Value", in <i>As Good As Gold: Billy Apple Art Transactions 1981–1991</i> (Wellington: Wellington City Art Gallery, 1991), 13–14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tworooms.co.nz/exhibitions/the-bruce-and-denny-show-2/">"The Bruce and Denny Show"</a>. <i>Two Rooms</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Two+Rooms&rft.atitle=The+Bruce+and+Denny+Show&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftworooms.co.nz%2Fexhibitions%2Fthe-bruce-and-denny-show-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrew Clifford, "Billy Apple" in <i>Art World</i> Issue 4 August/September 2008, 106–109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzonscreen.com/title/being-billy-apple-2007">"Being Billy Apple"</a>. <i>NZONSCREEN IWI WHITIĀHUA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NZONSCREEN+IWI+WHITI%C4%80HUA&rft.atitle=Being+Billy+Apple&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzonscreen.com%2Ftitle%2Fbeing-billy-apple-2007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adamartgallery.org.nz/past-exhibitions/new-york-1969-1973/">"Billy Apple | Adam Art Gallery"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Billy+Apple+%26%23124%3B+Adam+Art+Gallery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adamartgallery.org.nz%2Fpast-exhibitions%2Fnew-york-1969-1973%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fkawdw.nl/en/our_program/exhibitions/billy_apple_r_a_history_of_the_brand?realm=redirects&action=redirect&param=event/billy-apple-a-history-of-the-brand/">"Billy Apple® A History of the Brand - Exhibitions - Program - FKA Witte de With"</a>. <i>www.fkawdw.nl</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fkawdw.nl&rft.atitle=Billy+Apple%C2%AE+A+History+of+the+Brand+-+Exhibitions+-+Program+-+FKA+Witte+de+With&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fkawdw.nl%2Fen%2Four_program%2Fexhibitions%2Fbilly_apple_r_a_history_of_the_brand%3Frealm%3Dredirects%26action%3Dredirect%26param%3Devent%2Fbilly-apple-a-history-of-the-brand%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150920101306/http://www.wdw.nl/event/billy-apple-revealedconcealed/">"Billy Apple® Revealed / Concealed | Witte de with"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdw.nl/event/billy-apple-revealedconcealed/">the original</a> on 20 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Billy+Apple%C2%AE+Revealed+%2F+Concealed+%26%23124%3B+Witte+de+with&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wdw.nl%2Fevent%2Fbilly-apple-revealedconcealed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/whats-on/exhibition/billy-apple-the-artist-has-to-live-like-everybody-else">"Billy Apple®: The Artist Has to Live Like Everybody Else"</a>. <i>Auckland Art Gallery</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Auckland+Art+Gallery&rft.atitle=Billy+Apple%C2%AE%3A+The+Artist+Has+to+Live+Like+Everybody+Else&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aucklandartgallery.com%2Fwhats-on%2Fexhibition%2Fbilly-apple-the-artist-has-to-live-like-everybody-else&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artspace.org.nz/exhibitions/2015/poetryinmotion.asp">"ARTSPACE - Billy Apple®, SUCK"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190205075320/http://artspace.org.nz/exhibitions/2015/poetryinmotion.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 5 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ARTSPACE+-+Billy+Apple%C2%AE%2C+SUCK&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fartspace.org.nz%2Fexhibitions%2F2015%2Fpoetryinmotion.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teuru.org.nz/index.cfm/whats-on/calendar/billy-apple-sound-works-1968-2015/">"Billy Apple: Sound Works 1968-2015 - Te Uru"</a>. <i>www.teuru.org.nz</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.teuru.org.nz&rft.atitle=Billy+Apple%3A+Sound+Works+1968-2015+-+Te+Uru&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.teuru.org.nz%2Findex.cfm%2Fwhats-on%2Fcalendar%2Fbilly-apple-sound-works-1968-2015%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://melanierogergallery.com/exhibitions/billy-apple-gallery-abstracts">"Gallery Abstracts 2011 - 2015"</a>. <i>melanierogergallery.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=melanierogergallery.com&rft.atitle=Gallery+Abstracts+2011+-+2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmelanierogergallery.com%2Fexhibitions%2Fbilly-apple-gallery-abstracts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.starkwhite.co.nz/exhibitions">"Exhibitions"</a>. <i>Starkwhite</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Starkwhite&rft.atitle=Exhibitions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.starkwhite.co.nz%2Fexhibitions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gowlangsfordgallery.co.nz/exhibitions/withdrawn-at-the-request-of-sue-crockford-gallery?id=8158&eid=8169">"Gow Langsford Gallery"</a>. <i>www.gowlangsfordgallery.co.nz</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gowlangsfordgallery.co.nz&rft.atitle=Gow+Langsford+Gallery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gowlangsfordgallery.co.nz%2Fexhibitions%2Fwithdrawn-at-the-request-of-sue-crockford-gallery%3Fid%3D8158%26eid%3D8169&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artnow.nz/exhibitions/billy-apple-in-rarotonga">"Billy Apple in Rarotonga"</a>. <i>Artnow</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Artnow&rft.atitle=Billy+Apple+in+Rarotonga&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartnow.nz%2Fexhibitions%2Fbilly-apple-in-rarotonga&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://billyapplecompass.co.nz/">"Billy Apple Compass"</a>. <i>Billy Apple Compass</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Billy+Apple+Compass&rft.atitle=Billy+Apple+Compass&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbillyapplecompass.co.nz%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNetwork2022" class="citation web cs1">Network, Artnet Gallery (6 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.artnet.com/art-world/billy-apple-rainbows-mayor-gallery-2125936">"Spotlight: A Show in London Pays Tribute to the Bright Ideas of Billy Apple, Whose Neon Sculptures Were Ahead of the Pack"</a>. <i>Artnet News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Artnet+News&rft.atitle=Spotlight%3A+A+Show+in+London+Pays+Tribute+to+the+Bright+Ideas+of+Billy+Apple%2C+Whose+Neon+Sculptures+Were+Ahead+of+the+Pack&rft.date=2022-06-06&rft.aulast=Network&rft.aufirst=Artnet+Gallery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.artnet.com%2Fart-world%2Fbilly-apple-rainbows-mayor-gallery-2125936&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artnow.nz/exhibitions/rainbows-1965">"Rainbows 1965"</a>. <i>Artnow</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Artnow&rft.atitle=Rainbows+1965&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartnow.nz%2Fexhibitions%2Frainbows-1965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mutualart.com/Exhibition/Billy-Apple--Divine-Proportion/43A33521EBC05274">"Billy Apple: Divine Proportion"</a>. <i>Mutual Art</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mutual+Art&rft.atitle=Billy+Apple%3A+Divine+Proportion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mutualart.com%2FExhibition%2FBilly-Apple--Divine-Proportion%2F43A33521EBC05274&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://teara.govt.nz/en/video/43830/billy-apple-and-wystan-curnow">"Billy Apple and Wystan Curnow"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Billy+Apple+and+Wystan+Curnow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fteara.govt.nz%2Fen%2Fvideo%2F43830%2Fbilly-apple-and-wystan-curnow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWedde" class="citation web cs1">Wedde, Ian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.anzliterature.com/anzl-review/the-mirror-steamed-over-by-anthony-byrt/">"The Wednesday Review"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wednesday+Review&rft.aulast=Wedde&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.anzliterature.com%2Fanzl-review%2Fthe-mirror-steamed-over-by-anthony-byrt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByrt2021" class="citation journal cs1">Byrt, Anthony (Spring 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.artnews.co.nz/tribute-spring-summer-2021/">"Billy Apple: Goodwill Is Important"</a>. <i>Art News New Zealand</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Art+News+New+Zealand&rft.atitle=Billy+Apple%3A+Goodwill+Is+Important&rft.ssn=spring&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Byrt&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.artnews.co.nz%2Ftribute-spring-summer-2021%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHass2018" class="citation news cs1">Hass, Nancy (22 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/22/t-magazine/art-fabricators.html">"Are Fabricators the Most Important People in the Art World?"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Are+Fabricators+the+Most+Important+People+in+the+Art+World%3F&rft.date=2018-06-22&rft.aulast=Hass&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F06%2F22%2Ft-magazine%2Fart-fabricators.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacKinnon" class="citation news cs1">MacKinnon, Toni. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzherald.co.nz/hawkes-bay-today/news/from-the-mtg-billy-apple-a-successful-creative-export/IPIP25LJXTTII3AVWI7D5YXOTE/">"From the MTG: Billy Apple a successful creative export"</a>. <i>Hawkes Bay Today</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hawkes+Bay+Today&rft.atitle=From+the+MTG%3A+Billy+Apple+a+successful+creative+export&rft.aulast=MacKinnon&rft.aufirst=Toni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Fhawkes-bay-today%2Fnews%2Ffrom-the-mtg-billy-apple-a-successful-creative-export%2FIPIP25LJXTTII3AVWI7D5YXOTE%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thearts.co.nz/articles/interview-with-terry-maitland-signwriter-on-working-with-billy-apple">"Interview with Terry Maitland, signwriter, on working with Billy Apple"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+with+Terry+Maitland%2C+signwriter%2C+on+working+with+Billy+Apple.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thearts.co.nz%2Farticles%2Finterview-with-terry-maitland-signwriter-on-working-with-billy-apple&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://teara.govt.nz/en/post-object-and-conceptual-art/page-2">"Post-object and Conceptual Art"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Post-object+and+Conceptual+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fteara.govt.nz%2Fen%2Fpost-object-and-conceptual-art%2Fpage-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://art-newzealand.com/15-apple/">"Report: The Given as an Art Political Statement"</a>. <i>Art New Zealand</i> (15). Summer 1980.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Art+New+Zealand&rft.atitle=Report%3A+The+Given+as+an+Art+Political+Statement&rft.ssn=summer&rft.issue=15&rft.date=1980&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fart-newzealand.com%2F15-apple%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collection.sarjeant.org.nz/objects/44163/towards-the-centre-the-given-as-an-art-political-statement">"Towards the Centre: The Given as an Art-Political Statement Billy Apple, Artist; Wystan Curnow, Author"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Towards+the+Centre%3A+The+Given+as+an+Art-Political+Statement+Billy+Apple%2C+Artist%3B+Wystan+Curnow%2C+Author&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollection.sarjeant.org.nz%2Fobjects%2F44163%2Ftowards-the-centre-the-given-as-an-art-political-statement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/458769322"><i>Billy Apple</i></a>. Zoë. Gray, Nicolaus Schlafhausen, Monika Szewczyk, Centre For Contemporary Art Wittie De With. Rotterdam: Wittie De With, Centre For Contemporary Art. 2009. pp. 9–10. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-73362-89-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-73362-89-5"><bdi>978-90-73362-89-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/458769322">458769322</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Billy+Apple&rft.place=Rotterdam&rft.pages=9-10&rft.pub=Wittie+De+With%2C+Centre+For+Contemporary+Art&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F458769322&rft.isbn=978-90-73362-89-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F458769322&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLibeau" class="citation journal cs1">Libeau, Frances. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pantograph-punch.com/posts/billy-apple-retrospective-the-artist-has-to-live-like-everybody-else">"Billy Apple: The Artist Has to Live Like Everybody Else"</a>. <i>The Pantograph Punch</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Pantograph+Punch&rft.atitle=Billy+Apple%3A+The+Artist+Has+to+Live+Like+Everybody+Else&rft.aulast=Libeau&rft.aufirst=Frances&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpantograph-punch.com%2Fposts%2Fbilly-apple-retrospective-the-artist-has-to-live-like-everybody-else&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33455133"><i>As good as gold : Billy Apple, Art Transactions, 1981-1991</i></a>. Wystan Curnow, Gregory Burke, Wellington City Art Gallery. Wellington, N.Z.: Wellington City Art Gallery, Wellington City Council. 1991. pp. 8–19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-908818-15-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-908818-15-7"><bdi>0-908818-15-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/33455133">33455133</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=As+good+as+gold+%3A+Billy+Apple%2C+Art+Transactions%2C+1981-1991&rft.place=Wellington%2C+N.Z.&rft.pages=8-19&rft.pub=Wellington+City+Art+Gallery%2C+Wellington+City+Council&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F33455133&rft.isbn=0-908818-15-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F33455133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholls2010" class="citation news cs1">Nicholls, Jenny (May 2010). "The Weird World of Art + Science". <i>North & South</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+%26+South&rft.atitle=The+Weird+World+of+Art+%2B+Science&rft.date=2010-05&rft.aulast=Nicholls&rft.aufirst=Jenny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorton2010" class="citation news cs1">Morton, Frances (May 2010). "Arts". <i><a href="/wiki/Metro_(magazine)" title="Metro (magazine)">Metro</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metro&rft.atitle=Arts&rft.date=2010-05&rft.aulast=Morton&rft.aufirst=Frances&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaneNicholls2015" class="citation news cs1">Wane, Joanna; Nicholls, Jenny (October 2015). "Getting Personal". <i><a href="/wiki/North_%26_South_(New_Zealand_magazine)" title="North & South (New Zealand magazine)">North & South</a></i>. p. 48.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+%26+South&rft.atitle=Getting+Personal&rft.pages=48&rft.date=2015-10&rft.aulast=Wane&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft.au=Nicholls%2C+Jenny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/artists-46-year-old-loo-paper-to-be-studied/GK2IFNROLGOS3LSBRA7PFOCD6E/">"Artist's 46-year-old loo paper to be studied"</a>. <i>NZ Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NZ+Herald&rft.atitle=Artist%27s+46-year-old+loo+paper+to+be+studied&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Fnz%2Fartists-46-year-old-loo-paper-to-be-studied%2FGK2IFNROLGOS3LSBRA7PFOCD6E%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Contributors biography". <i>North & South</i>. November 2017. p. 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+%26+South&rft.atitle=Contributors+biography&rft.pages=8&rft.date=2017-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metromag.co.nz/arts/arts-art-city/the-immortal-artist">"Metro | The immortal artist"</a>. <i>www.metromag.co.nz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.metromag.co.nz&rft.atitle=Metro+%7C+The+immortal+artist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metromag.co.nz%2Farts%2Farts-art-city%2Fthe-immortal-artist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWenman2018" class="citation news cs1">Wenman, Eleanor (9 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/capital-life/103730788/five-top-kiwi-artists-earn-the-title-of-icon-from-the-new-zealand-arts-foundation">"Five top Kiwi artists earn the title of Icon from the New Zealand Arts Foundation"</a>. <i>Dominion Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dominion+Post&rft.atitle=Five+top+Kiwi+artists+earn+the+title+of+Icon+from+the+New+Zealand+Arts+Foundation&rft.date=2018-05-09&rft.aulast=Wenman&rft.aufirst=Eleanor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stuff.co.nz%2Fdominion-post%2Fcapital-life%2F103730788%2Ffive-top-kiwi-artists-earn-the-title-of-icon-from-the-new-zealand-arts-foundation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/arts/126293212/artist-billy-apple-dies-after-short-illness">"Artist Billy Apple dies after short illness"</a>. <i>Stuff</i>. 5 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stuff&rft.atitle=Artist+Billy+Apple+dies+after+short+illness&rft.date=2021-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stuff.co.nz%2Fentertainment%2Farts%2F126293212%2Fartist-billy-apple-dies-after-short-illness&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABilly+Apple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Apple&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billyapple.com">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul> <div 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href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Manhire" title="Bill Manhire">Bill Manhire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_McIntyre" title="Donald McIntyre">Donald McIntyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Neill" title="Sam Neill">Sam Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiri_Te_Kanawa" title="Kiri Te Kanawa">Kiri Te Kanawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greer_Twiss" title="Greer Twiss">Greer Twiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_Weir" title="Gillian Weir">Gillian Weir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Wendt" title="Albert Wendt">Albert Wendt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_White_(artist)" title="Robin White (artist)">Robin White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_Whitehead" title="Gillian Whitehead">Gillian Whitehead</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deceased</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Allen_(artist)" title="Jim Allen (artist)">Jim Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Anderson_(writer)" title="Barbara Anderson (writer)">Barbara Anderson</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Billy Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Athfield" title="Ian Athfield">Ian Athfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Boyce_(theatre_designer)" title="Raymond Boyce (theatre designer)">Raymond Boyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Len_Castle" title="Len Castle">Len Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Frame" title="Janet Frame">Janet Frame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marti_Friedlander" title="Marti Friedlander">Marti Friedlander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Godfrey_(choral_conductor)" title="Peter Godfrey (choral conductor)">Peter Godfrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Grant_(dancer)" title="Alexander Grant (dancer)">Alexander Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakariki_Harrison" title="Pakariki Harrison">Pakariki Harrison</a></li> 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href="/wiki/Ans_Westra" title="Ans Westra">Ans Westra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Manaaki_Wilson" title="Arnold Manaaki Wilson">Arnold Manaaki Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Whiting" title="Cliff Whiting">Cliff Whiting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4912115#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4912115#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4912115#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqbf3PjfT4rKj9xX7tYfq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/14119541X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2005053201">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5569195">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p16048555X">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500103154">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/203351">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/17871/">Victoria</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/explore-art-and-ideas/artist/120/">Auckland</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/explore-art-and-ideas/artist/6745/">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://findnzartists.org.nz/artist/358/">New Zealand Artists</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/154088161">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6n314v0">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/79">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a 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