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Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Café">Café</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coffee_roastery_Palermo134.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coffee_roastery_Palermo134.jpg/220px-Coffee_roastery_Palermo134.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coffee_roastery_Palermo134.jpg/330px-Coffee_roastery_Palermo134.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coffee_roastery_Palermo134.jpg/440px-Coffee_roastery_Palermo134.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>A Coffee roastery in <a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caff%C3%A8_roasting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Caff%C3%A8_roasting.jpg/220px-Caff%C3%A8_roasting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Caff%C3%A8_roasting.jpg/330px-Caff%C3%A8_roasting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Caff%C3%A8_roasting.jpg/440px-Caff%C3%A8_roasting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Caffè roasting in act</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trieste_(28766391880).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Trieste_%2828766391880%29.jpg/220px-Trieste_%2828766391880%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Trieste_%2828766391880%29.jpg/330px-Trieste_%2828766391880%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Trieste_%2828766391880%29.jpg/440px-Trieste_%2828766391880%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5834" data-file-height="3895" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a>, the seat of many coffee companies</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Coffee in Italy</b> is an important part of <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Italy" title="Culture of Italy">Italian food culture</a>. Italians are well known for their special attention to the preparation, the selection of the blends, and the use of accessories when creating many types of coffees. Many of the types of coffee preparation known today also have their roots here.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main coffee port in Italy is <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a> where there is also a lot of coffee processing industry.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italian coffee consumption, often espresso, is highest in the city of Trieste, with an average of 1500 cups of coffee per person per year. That is about twice as much as is usually drunk in Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Caffè (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[kafˈfɛ]</a></span>) is the <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> word for <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a> and probably originates from <i><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kaffa" title="Kingdom of Kaffa">Kaffa</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">قهوة</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Qahwa</i></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the region in Ethiopia where coffee originated. The Muslims first used and distributed it worldwide from the port of <a href="/wiki/Mocha,_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mocha, Yemen">Mocha</a> in Yemen, after which the Europeans named it <i>mokka</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-EthEmb_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EthEmb-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Caffè</i> may refer to the Italian way of preparing a coffee, an <a href="/wiki/Espresso" title="Espresso">espresso</a>, or occasionally used as a synonym for the European coffee bar. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/History_of_coffee#Italy" title="History of coffee">History of coffee § Italy</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_coffee&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Papst_Clemens_VIII_Italian_17th_century.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Papst_Clemens_VIII_Italian_17th_century.jpg/220px-Papst_Clemens_VIII_Italian_17th_century.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Papst_Clemens_VIII_Italian_17th_century.jpg/330px-Papst_Clemens_VIII_Italian_17th_century.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Papst_Clemens_VIII_Italian_17th_century.jpg/440px-Papst_Clemens_VIII_Italian_17th_century.jpg 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Pope Clement VIII: The Pope who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians</figcaption></figure> <p>In Italy, like in most of Europe, coffee arrived in the second half of the 16th century through the commercial routes of the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>. In 1580 the Venetian botanist and physician <a href="/wiki/Prospero_Alpini" title="Prospero Alpini">Prospero Alpini</a> imported coffee into the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a> from Egypt,<sup id="cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Ukers_1935_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History_of_coffee_Ukers_1935-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 610?">: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oJxpQX4ko7cC&q=prospero+alpini&pg=PT610">610?</a> </span></sup> and soon coffee shops started opening one by one when coffee spread and became the drink of the intellectuals, of social gatherings, even of lovers as plates of chocolate and coffee were considered a romantic gift. By the year 1763 <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> alone accounted for more than 200 coffee shops,<sup id="cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Orey_2012_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History_of_coffee_Orey_2012-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the health benefits of the miraculous drink were celebrated by many. Some representatives of the Catholic Church opposed coffee at its first introduction in Italy, believing it to be the "Devil's drink",<sup id="cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Ukers_1935_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History_of_coffee_Ukers_1935-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 24?">: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YkftDQAAQBAJ&q=coffee+beverage+of+the+devil&pg=PT24">24?</a> </span></sup> but <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_VIII" title="Pope Clement VIII">Pope Clement VIII</a>, after trying the aromatic drink himself, gave it his blessing, thus boosting further its commercial success and diffusion. Upon tasting coffee, Pope Clement VIII declared: "Why, this Satan's drink is so delicious that it would be a pity to let the infidels have exclusive use of it."<sup id="cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Cole_2012_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History_of_coffee_Cole_2012-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clement allegedly blessed the bean because it appeared better for the people than alcoholic beverages.<sup id="cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Wallin_2002_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History_of_coffee_Wallin_2002-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The year often cited is 1600. It is not clear whether this is a true story, but it may have been found amusing at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Prof_2010_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History_of_coffee_Prof_2010-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a>, in 1933, Italian engineer Luigi Di Ponti invented the first <a href="/wiki/Moka_pot" title="Moka pot">moka pot</a> and subsequently sold the patent to <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Bialetti" title="Alfonso Bialetti">Alfonso Bialetti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1946 Alfonso's son <a href="/w/index.php?title=Renato_Bialetti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renato Bialetti (page does not exist)">Renato</a> started industrial production, selling millions of moka pots in one year, versus only 70000 sold by his father in the previous 10, making the coffee maker (as well as coffee) an icon of Italy in the world. <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, albeit being known today as the city of coffee, has seen it later, probably through the ships coming in the ports of <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> and Naples itself. Some date the Neapolitan discovery of coffee back to 1614, when the composer, explorer and musicologist <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Della_Valle" title="Pietro Della Valle">Pietro Della Valle</a> sent news from the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Land" title="Holy Land">Holy Land</a>, in his letters to the dear friend, physician, poet, Greek scholar and Mario Schipano and his gathering of intellectuals, of a drink (called <a href="/wiki/Turkish_coffee" title="Turkish coffee">kahve</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Bausilio_2018_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History_of_coffee_Bausilio_2018-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Arab Muslims brewed in hot pots. </p> Some believe coffee arrived in Naples earlier, from <a href="/wiki/Salerno" title="Salerno">Salerno</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Schola_Medica_Salernitana" title="Schola Medica Salernitana">Schola Medica Salernitana</a>, where the plant came to be used for its medicinal properties between the 14th and 15th centuries. Celebrated by Neapolitan art, literature, music and daily social life, coffee soon became a protagonist in Naples, where it was prepared with great care in the "cuccumella", the typical Neapolitan filter coffee pot derived by the invention of the parisian Morize in 1819. Neapolitan artisans came in touch with it when brought, once again through the sea commercial routes, to the Port of Naples. An indication of the approach of Neapolitans to coffee as a social drink, is the practice of the <a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_sospeso" title="Caffè sospeso">suspended coffee</a> (the act of paying in advance for a coffee to be consumed by the next customer) invented there and defined by the Neapolitan philosopher and writer <a href="/wiki/Luciano_De_Crescenzo" title="Luciano De Crescenzo">Luciano De Crescenzo</a> a coffee "given by an individual to mankind".<sup id="cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Crescenzo_2010_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History_of_coffee_Crescenzo_2010-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caffè_espresso"><span id="Caff.C3.A8_espresso"></span>Caffè espresso</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Caffè espresso"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Linea_doubleespresso.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Linea_doubleespresso.jpg/220px-Linea_doubleespresso.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Linea_doubleespresso.jpg/330px-Linea_doubleespresso.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Linea_doubleespresso.jpg/440px-Linea_doubleespresso.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>A cup of Italian coffee, the <a href="/wiki/Espresso" title="Espresso">espresso</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Normally, within the <a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">espresso bar</a> environment, the term caffè denotes straight <a href="/wiki/Espresso" title="Espresso">espresso</a>. When one orders "<i>un caffè</i>" it is normally enjoyed at the bar, standing. The espresso is always served with a saucer and demitasse spoon, and sometimes with a complimentary wrapped chocolate and a small glass of water. The term <i>espresso</i>, substituting <i>s</i> for most <i>x</i> letters in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>-root words, with the term deriving from the past participle of the Italian verb <i>esprimere</i>, itself derived from the Latin <i>exprimere</i>, means 'to express', and refers to the process by which hot water is forced under pressure through ground coffee.<sup id="cite_ref-philips_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philips-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caffettiera">Caffettiera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Caffettiera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caffettiera_napoletana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Caffettiera_napoletana.jpg/220px-Caffettiera_napoletana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Caffettiera_napoletana.jpg/330px-Caffettiera_napoletana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Caffettiera_napoletana.jpg/440px-Caffettiera_napoletana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1655" data-file-height="1710" /></a><figcaption>Neapolitan caffettiera</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coffee_maker">Coffee maker</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Coffee maker"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The instrument used to prepare caffè at home, the <i>caffettiera</i>, is essentially a small steam machine made of a bottom boiler, a central filter which contains the coffee grounds, and an upper cup. In the traditional <a href="/wiki/Moka_pot" title="Moka pot">Moka pot</a>, water is put in the boiler and the resulting boiling water passes through the coffee grounds, then reaches the cup.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was invented by Italian engineer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luigi_Di_Ponti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luigi Di Ponti (page does not exist)">Luigi Di Ponti</a> in 1933 who sold the patent to <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Bialetti" title="Alfonso Bialetti">Alfonso Bialetti</a>, an aluminum vendor. It quickly became one of the staples of Italian culture. <a href="/wiki/Bialetti" title="Bialetti">Bialetti Industries</a> continues to produce the original model under the trade name "Moka Express". <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_flip_coffee_pot" title="Neapolitan flip coffee pot">Neapolitan caffettiera</a> operates somewhat differently, and needs to be turned upside down when the drink is ready. Its boiler and cup are therefore interchangeable. </p><p>The quantity of coffee to be put in the filter determines the richness of the final beverage, but special care is needed in order not to block the water from crossing it, in case of an excess of grounds. Some hints prescribe that some small vertical holes are left in the powder by using a fork. </p><p>A small flame has to be used to provide an appropriate moderate water pressure; a high pressure makes the water run too quickly, resulting in coffee with little flavour. The flame under the caffettiera has to be turned off ten seconds after the first characteristic noise is heard, and eventually lit again in case the cup was not filled. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coffee_house">Coffee house</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Coffee house"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A related but separate translation of the Italian <i>caffetteria</i> is <a href="/wiki/Coffee_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Coffee house">coffee house</a> or café: an establishment in which caffè was traditionally made with a <a href="/wiki/Coffee_percolator" title="Coffee percolator">Moka</a>. These places became common in the 19th century specifically for enjoying caffè, while the habit of caffè drinking at home started at the beginning of the 20th century, when caffettiera machines (Mokas) became available to the general public. </p><p>In the older caffetterie <i>(Italian, plural)</i>, frequented by the <a href="/wiki/Upper_class" title="Upper class">upper classes</a>, art and culture events were held. So, many <i>caffetterie</i> acquired cultural importance (like <a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Greco" class="mw-redirect" title="Caffè Greco">Caffè Greco</a> at 84 <a href="/wiki/Via_Condotti" title="Via Condotti">Via Condotti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>; or <a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Florian" title="Caffè Florian">Caffè Florian</a> in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, both established after the mid of the 18th Century ) and became famous meeting points of artists, intellectuals, <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Italy" title="Politics of Italy">politicians</a>, etc. This <i>caffetterie</i> culture was mainly enjoyed by men, while women organised their <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a> meetings. </p><p>The traditional afternoon serving of caffè has an almost ceremonial formality: the caffè is always brought with a silver pot; <a href="/wiki/Porcelain" title="Porcelain">porcelain</a> cups (which should be <a href="/wiki/Porcelain" title="Porcelain">fine china</a> and as plainly decorated as possible) are served on a saucer with their small silver spoon on the right (on the saucer). <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">Sugar</a> is served separately, in porcelain pots, with a separate silver spoon. After taking caffè, smokers are usually allowed to light their cigarettes (the service typically includes a porcelain ashtray). If <a href="/wiki/Women_in_Italy" title="Women in Italy">women</a> are present, it is they who might grant the men permission to smoke.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It is not usual to serve pastries or biscuits with afternoon caffè, but an exception can be made in case there are women at the table.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The coffee pot has to be left on the table, for a second cup. After-lunch coffee is taken at separate smaller tables, not at the main one<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and children are not normally welcome to join adults in such formalities. In the 21st century, as <a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Italy" title="Smoking in Italy">smoking laws</a> and local customs change, caffè drinking becomes less formal overall. </p><p>Since the early 2010s, Italy has seen a steady growth in the number of coffee houses serving <a href="/wiki/Specialty_coffee" title="Specialty coffee">specialty coffee</a>, which cater to the growing local market for higher quality coffee. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cappuccino" title="Cappuccino">Cappuccino</a> is not related to traditional domestic coffee, being made with an <a href="/wiki/Espresso_machine" title="Espresso machine">espresso machine</a>. Caffè-latte (also known as a <a href="/wiki/Latte" title="Latte">latte</a> in the U.S. and <a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_au_lait" title="Café au lait">Café au lait</a> in France) is made with a simple mixture of hot coffee and hot milk, and served in cups that are larger than tea cups. Caffetterie usually serve caffè-latte too. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coffee_house_environments">Coffee house environments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Coffee house environments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like bars, coffee houses have a long history of offering environments in which people can easily socialize amongst their own groups and (often) with strangers. This is reflected in language; when people say "meet for coffee," they primarily mean meet to socialize or talk. Historically, coffee houses have been places where people gather, chat, work, write (in particular, the writing of local newspapers), read (in particular, the same local newspapers that were written in coffee houses) and pass the time. Today, coffee houses are much the same—it's merely that ink and paper have been often replaced with laptops and newspapers have been replaced by blogs. </p><p>The layouts of coffee houses often include smaller nooks and larger, more communal areas. In a more crowded coffee house, it is common for strangers to sit at the same table, even if that table only seats two people. Coffee houses are typically cozy, which encourages communication amongst strangers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Types_of_Italian_coffee">Types of Italian coffee</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Types of Italian coffee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The variety of coffee types in Italy is enormous and, while about 20 types of coffee are popular all over Italy, many regional varieties do exist. </p><p>Among the most popular Italian coffees are the standard <a href="/wiki/Espresso" title="Espresso">espresso</a>, the ristretto (a shorter espresso), the double espresso, the macchiato (espresso stained with milk), the marocchino (espresso, chocolate syrup, milk and cocoa), the cappuccino (espresso with whipped milk foam), the caffelatte (coffee and milk in similar quantities), the affogato (a ball of ice cream showered with espresso), the shakerato (a long espresso mixed with ice and strained), the caffè ginseng (black coffee mixed with extract of <a href="/wiki/Ginseng" title="Ginseng">ginseng</a>), the cappuccino <a href="/wiki/Matcha" title="Matcha">matcha</a> (cappuccino where matcha is used instead of coffee), the caffè d'orzo (<a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a> coffee) and the caffè con panna (coffee with <a href="/wiki/Whipped_cream" title="Whipped cream">whipped cream</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/48px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/64px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-relax.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/28px-Emblem-relax.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/42px-Emblem-relax.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/56px-Emblem-relax.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Coffee" title="Portal:Coffee">Coffee portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manufacturers_of_coffee">Manufacturers of coffee</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Manufacturers of coffee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Pascucci" title="Caffè Pascucci">Caffè Pascucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_coffee" class="mw-redirect" title="Guglielmo coffee">Guglielmo coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illy" title="Illy">illy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavazza" title="Lavazza">Lavazza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massimo_Zanetti_Beverage_Group" title="Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group">Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Espresso_machine">Espresso machine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Espresso machine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bialetti" title="Bialetti">Bialetti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimbali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cimbali (page does not exist)">Cimbali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De%27Longhi" class="mw-redirect" title="De'Longhi">De'Longhi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektra_(espresso_machines)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektra (espresso machines) (page does not exist)">Elektra (espresso machines)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faema" title="Faema">Faema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FrancisFrancis" class="mw-redirect" title="FrancisFrancis">FrancisFrancis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaggia" title="Gaggia">Gaggia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Marzocco" title="La Marzocco">La Marzocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancilio" title="Rancilio">Rancilio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeco" title="Saeco">Saeco</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A lot of information in: Universita del Caffe "Kaffee Inspirationen. 70 Rezepte zum Geniessen." (2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Helmut Luther "Warum Kaffeetrinken in Triest anspruchsvoll ist" In: Die Welt, 16 February 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gisela Hopfmüller, Franz Hlavac "Triest: Die Kaffeehauptstadt" In: Falstaff, 28 June 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPianigiani" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pianigiani, Ottorino. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etimo.it/?cmd=id&id=2820&md=27d53a5cc93a30674f6c1ab7f0b362e1">"Etimologia del termine "Caffé"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Etimologia+del+termine+%22Caff%C3%A9&rft.aulast=Pianigiani&rft.aufirst=Ottorino&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etimo.it%2F%3Fcmd%3Did%26id%3D2820%26md%3D27d53a5cc93a30674f6c1ab7f0b362e1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EthEmb-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EthEmb_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130811213711/http://www.ethioembassy.org.uk/about_us/coffee.htm">"Embassy of The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia : Coffee"</a>. <i>Embassy of The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethioembassy.org.uk/about_us/coffee.htm">the original</a> on 11 August 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Embassy+of+The+Federal+Democratic+Republic+of+Ethiopia&rft.atitle=Embassy+of+The+Federal+Democratic+Republic+of+Ethiopia+%3A+Coffee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethioembassy.org.uk%2Fabout_us%2Fcoffee.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History_of_coffee_Ukers_1935-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Ukers_1935_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Ukers_1935_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUkers1935" class="citation book cs1">Ukers, William Harrison (1935). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/allabouttea00uker"><i>All About Coffee</i></a></span>. New York, USA: The Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Company. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/allabouttea00uker/page/9">9–10</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+About+Coffee&rft.place=New+York%2C+USA&rft.pages=9-10&rft.pub=The+Tea+%26+Coffee+Trade+Journal+Company&rft.date=1935&rft.aulast=Ukers&rft.aufirst=William+Harrison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fallabouttea00uker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oJxpQX4ko7cC&q=prospero+alpini&pg=PT610">610?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YkftDQAAQBAJ&q=coffee+beverage+of+the+devil&pg=PT24">24?</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History_of_coffee_Orey_2012-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Orey_2012_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrey2012" class="citation book cs1">Orey, Cal (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kxUBXEdXjXUC&q=1763&pg=PA62"><i>The Healing Powers of Coffee: A Complete Guide to Nature's Surprising Superfood</i></a>. Kensington Publishing Corp. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-75827997-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-75827997-2"><bdi>978-0-75827997-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Healing+Powers+of+Coffee%3A+A+Complete+Guide+to+Nature%27s+Surprising+Superfood&rft.pub=Kensington+Publishing+Corp.&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-75827997-2&rft.aulast=Orey&rft.aufirst=Cal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkxUBXEdXjXUC%26q%3D1763%26pg%3DPA62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History_of_coffee_Cole_2012-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Cole_2012_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCole2012" class="citation web cs1">Cole, Adam (2012-01-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2012/01/10/144988133/drink-coffee-off-with-your-head">"Cole, Adam. "Drink Coffee? Off With Your Head!", <i>Salt</i>, NPR, 2012-01-17"</a>. <i>NPR</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=Cole%2C+Adam.+%22Drink+Coffee%3F+Off+With+Your+Head%21%22%2C+Salt%2C+NPR%2C+2012-01-17&rft.date=2012-01-17&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fthesalt%2F2012%2F01%2F10%2F144988133%2Fdrink-coffee-off-with-your-head&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History_of_coffee_Wallin_2002-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Wallin_2002_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/about/coffee.jsp">Wallin, Nils-Bertil. "Coffee: A Long Way From Ethiopia", <i>Yale Global</i>, 2002-11-05</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160401222223/http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/about/coffee.jsp">Archived</a> 2016-04-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History_of_coffee_Prof_2010-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Prof_2010_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100601194012/http://www.professorshouse.com/food-beverage/beverages/coffee-facts-statistics.aspx">"Coffee Facts and Statistics"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.professorshouse.com/food-beverage/beverages/coffee-facts-statistics.aspx">the original</a> on 2010-06-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-06-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Coffee+Facts+and+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.professorshouse.com%2Ffood-beverage%2Fbeverages%2Fcoffee-facts-statistics.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qz.com/618734/italys-coffee-pot-king-was-buried-in-the-appliance-that-made-him-famous">"Italy's coffee pot king was buried in the appliance that made him famous"</a>. <i>qz.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241009142540/https://qz.com/618734/italys-coffee-pot-king-was-buried-in-the-appliance-that-made-him-famous">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=qz.com&rft.atitle=Italy%27s+coffee+pot+king+was+buried+in+the+appliance+that+made+him+famous&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqz.com%2F618734%2Fitalys-coffee-pot-king-was-buried-in-the-appliance-that-made-him-famous&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fmartinezport.commons.gc.cuny.edu/bialetti-technical-description/">"Bialetti Technical Description"</a>. <i>fmartinezport.commons.gc.cuny.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241009142543/https://fmartinezport.commons.gc.cuny.edu/bialetti-technical-description/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fmartinezport.commons.gc.cuny.edu&rft.atitle=Bialetti+Technical+Description&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffmartinezport.commons.gc.cuny.edu%2Fbialetti-technical-description%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/6thfloor.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/01/who-made-that-moka-express/">"Who Made That Moka Express"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241009142541/https://archive.nytimes.com/6thfloor.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/01/who-made-that-moka-express/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Who+Made+That+Moka+Express&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2F6thfloor.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F09%2F01%2Fwho-made-that-moka-express%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History_of_coffee_Bausilio_2018-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Bausilio_2018_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBausilio2018" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bausilio, Giovanni (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SKBfDwAAQBAJ&q=mario+schipano+kahve&pg=PA352"><i>Origini</i></a> (in Italian). Key Editore. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-82790138-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-82790138-0"><bdi>978-8-82790138-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Origini&rft.pub=Key+Editore&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-8-82790138-0&rft.aulast=Bausilio&rft.aufirst=Giovanni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSKBfDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dmario%2Bschipano%2Bkahve%26pg%3DPA352&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History_of_coffee_Crescenzo_2010-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_of_coffee_Crescenzo_2010_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrescenzo2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Crescenzo, Luciano De (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XQwd5pwb_rUC&q=umanit%C3%A0"><i>Il caffè sospeso</i></a> (in Italian). Edizioni Mondadori. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-85201416-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-85201416-1"><bdi>978-8-85201416-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Il+caff%C3%A8+sospeso&rft.pub=Edizioni+Mondadori&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-8-85201416-1&rft.aulast=Crescenzo&rft.aufirst=Luciano+De&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXQwd5pwb_rUC%26q%3Dumanit%25C3%25A0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-philips-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-philips_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philips.it/c-e/ho/articolo/caffe/suggerimenti-caffe/come-preparare-un-caffe-espresso-perfetto.html">"Qual è il caffè espresso perfetto e come va bevuto?"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qual+%C3%A8+il+caff%C3%A8+espresso+perfetto+e+come+va+bevuto%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philips.it%2Fc-e%2Fho%2Farticolo%2Fcaffe%2Fsuggerimenti-caffe%2Fcome-preparare-un-caffe-espresso-perfetto.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/espresso-vs-expresso-usage-history">"Is it espresso or expresso? Yes"</a>. <i>Merriam-Webster</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster&rft.atitle=Is+it+espresso+or+expresso%3F+Yes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fwords-at-play%2Fespresso-vs-expresso-usage-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/bialetti-moka-pot-review/">"Why We Love the Bialetti Moka Pot"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 26 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Why+We+Love+the+Bialetti+Moka+Pot&rft.date=2021-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fwirecutter%2Freviews%2Fbialetti-moka-pot-review%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fmartinezport.commons.gc.cuny.edu/bialetti-technical-description/">"Bialetti Technical Description"</a>. <i>fmartinezport.commons.gc.cuny.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fmartinezport.commons.gc.cuny.edu&rft.atitle=Bialetti+Technical+Description&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffmartinezport.commons.gc.cuny.edu%2Fbialetti-technical-description%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/6thfloor.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/01/who-made-that-moka-express/">"Who Made That Moka Express"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> blogs</i>. September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times+blogs&rft.atitle=Who+Made+That+Moka+Express&rft.date=2011-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2F6thfloor.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F09%2F01%2Fwho-made-that-moka-express%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qz.com/618734/italys-coffee-pot-king-was-buried-in-the-appliance-that-made-him-famous">"Italy's coffee pot king was buried in the appliance that made him famous"</a>. <i>qz.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=qz.com&rft.atitle=Italy%27s+coffee+pot+king+was+buried+in+the+appliance+that+made+him+famous&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqz.com%2F618734%2Fitalys-coffee-pot-king-was-buried-in-the-appliance-that-made-him-famous&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lostontheroute.com/italian-coffee-types-how-to-order-a-coffee-in-italy/">"All Italian Coffee Types - How to Order a Coffee in Italy"</a>. <i>Lost on The Route</i>. 2021-01-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lost+on+The+Route&rft.atitle=All+Italian+Coffee+Types+-+How+to+Order+a+Coffee+in+Italy&rft.date=2021-01-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flostontheroute.com%2Fitalian-coffee-types-how-to-order-a-coffee-in-italy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoffee+in+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_in_Italy&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://italyspecialty.coffee/">Specialty coffee in Italy</a> Specialty coffee cafes and roasters in Italy</li></ul> 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navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economics_of_coffee" title="Economics of coffee">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_trade_coffee" title="Fair trade coffee">Fair trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_coffee" title="History of coffee">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Coffee_Day" title="International Coffee Day">International Coffee Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-origin_coffee" title="Single-origin coffee">Single-origin coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-wave_coffee" title="Third-wave coffee">Third-wave coffee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_production" title="Coffee production">Coffee production</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organic_coffee" title="Organic coffee">Organic coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shade-grown_coffee" title="Shade-grown coffee">Shade-grown coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_coffee" title="Sustainable coffee">Sustainable coffee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_coffee_production" title="List of countries by coffee production">List of countries by coffee production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_roasting" title="Coffee roasting">Coffee roasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_wastewater" title="Coffee wastewater">Coffee wastewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decaffeination" title="Decaffeination">Decaffeination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_roasting_coffee" title="Home roasting coffee">Home roasting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coffea" title="Coffea">Species</a> and <br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_coffee_varieties" title="List of coffee varieties">varieties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Coffea_arabica" title="Coffea arabica">Arabica</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benguet_coffee" title="Benguet coffee">Benguet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Blue_Mountain_Coffee" title="Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee">Blue Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe_Bonifieur" title="Guadeloupe Bonifieur">Bonifieur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_coffee" title="Bourbon coffee">Bourbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geisha_(coffee)" title="Geisha (coffee)">Geisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kona_coffee" title="Kona coffee">Kona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maracaturra_coffee" title="Maracaturra coffee">Maracaturra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maragogipe_Coffee" title="Maragogipe Coffee">Maragogipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molokai_coffee" title="Molokai coffee">Molokai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S795_coffee" title="S795 coffee">S795</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagada_coffee" title="Sagada coffee">Sagada</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coffea_charrieriana" title="Coffea charrieriana">Charrieriana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coffea_liberica" title="Coffea liberica">Liberica</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapeng_barako" title="Kapeng barako">Barako</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coffea_racemosa" title="Coffea racemosa">Racemosa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robusta_coffee" class="mw-redirect" title="Robusta coffee">Robusta</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kahawa_Sug" title="Kahawa Sug">Sulu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cafestol" title="Cafestol">Cafestol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caffeic_acid" title="Caffeic acid">Caffeic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caffeine" title="Caffeine">Caffeine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_bean" title="Coffee bean">Coffee bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furan-2-ylmethanethiol" title="Furan-2-ylmethanethiol">Furan-2-ylmethanethiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahweol" title="Kahweol">Kahweol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coffee_preparation" title="Coffee preparation">Preparation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AeroPress" title="AeroPress">AeroPress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_coffee" title="Arabic coffee">Arabic coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jebena" title="Jebena">Jebena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewed_coffee" class="mw-redirect" title="Brewed coffee">Brewed coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemex_Coffeemaker" title="Chemex Coffeemaker">Chemex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cezve" title="Cezve">Cezve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorreador" title="Chorreador">Chorreador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffeemaker" title="Coffeemaker">Coffeemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_brew_coffee" title="Cold brew coffee">Cold brew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nitro_cold_brew_coffee" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitro cold brew coffee">nitro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drip_coffee" title="Drip coffee">Drip coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espresso" title="Espresso">Espresso</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doppio" title="Doppio">doppio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lungo" title="Lungo">lungo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ristretto" title="Ristretto">ristretto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espresso_machine" title="Espresso machine">Espresso machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_drip" class="mw-redirect" title="French drip">French drip</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karlsbad_coffee_maker" class="mw-redirect" title="Karlsbad coffee maker">Karlsbad coffee maker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_press" title="French press">French press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_coffee" title="Instant coffee">Instant coffee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_syrup" class="mw-redirect" title="Coffee syrup">Coffee syrup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knockbox" title="Knockbox">Knockbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moka_pot" title="Moka pot">Moka pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_flip_coffee_pot" title="Neapolitan flip coffee pot">Neapolitan flip coffee pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_percolator" title="Coffee percolator">Percolator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_coffee" title="Turkish coffee">Turkish coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazdi_coffee" title="Yazdi coffee">Yazdi coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_coffee_maker" title="Vacuum coffee maker">Vacuum maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-serve_coffee_container" title="Single-serve coffee container">Single-serve coffee container</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_coffee_drinks" title="List of coffee drinks">Coffee drinks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affogato" title="Affogato">Affogato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Americano" class="mw-redirect" title="Caffè Americano">Americano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaten_coffee" title="Beaten coffee">Beaten coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bica_(coffee)" title="Bica (coffee)">Bica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicerin" title="Bicerin">Bicerin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Russian" title="Black Russian">Black Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_iced_coffee" title="Vietnamese iced coffee">Cà phê sữa đá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_au_lait" title="Café au lait">Café au lait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_com_cheirinho" title="Café com cheirinho">Café com cheirinho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_con_leche" title="Café con leche">Café con leche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_de_olla" title="Café de olla">Café de olla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Touba" title="Café Touba">Café Touba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_corretto" title="Caffè corretto">Caffè corretto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_crema" title="Caffè crema">Caffè crema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_macchiato" title="Caffè macchiato">Caffè macchiato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_mocha" title="Caffè mocha">Caffè mocha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappuccino" title="Cappuccino">Cappuccino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carajillo" title="Carajillo">Carajillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_cabinet" title="Coffee cabinet">Coffee cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_milk" title="Coffee milk">Coffee milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortado" title="Cortado">Cortado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_espresso" title="Cuban espresso">Café Cubano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalgona_coffee" title="Dalgona coffee">Dalgona coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_coffee" title="Egg coffee">Egg coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espresso" title="Espresso">Espresso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_white" title="Flat white">Flat white</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frapp%C3%A9_coffee" title="Frappé coffee">Frappé coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frappuccino" title="Frappuccino">Frappuccino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A3o" title="Galão">Galão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_coffee_drinks#Garoto" title="List of coffee drinks">Garoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gassosa_al_caff%C3%A8" title="Gassosa al caffè">Gassosa al caffè</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iced_coffee" title="Iced coffee">Iced coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_filter_coffee" title="Indian filter coffee">Indian filter coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipoh_white_coffee" title="Ipoh white coffee">Ipoh white coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_coffee" title="Irish coffee">Irish coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karsk" title="Karsk">Karsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopi_(drink)" title="Kopi (drink)">Kopi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopi_luwak" title="Kopi luwak">Kopi luwak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopi_tubruk" title="Kopi tubruk">Kopi tubruk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_coffee" title="Kurdish coffee">Kurdish coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latte_macchiato" title="Latte macchiato">Latte macchiato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latte" title="Latte">Latte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liqueur_coffee" title="Liqueur coffee">Liqueur coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_black" title="Long black">Long black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lungo" title="Lungo">Lungo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marocchino" title="Marocchino">Marocchino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazagran_(drink)" title="Mazagran (drink)">Mazagran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moretta_(coffee)" title="Moretta (coffee)">Moretta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliang" title="Oliang">Oliang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raf_coffee" title="Raf coffee">Raf coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_coffee_drinks#Red_eye" title="List of coffee drinks">Red eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ristretto" title="Ristretto">Ristretto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdesheimer_Kaffee" title="Rüdesheimer Kaffee">Rüdesheimer Kaffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenom_coffee" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenom coffee">Tenom coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_coffee" title="Turkish coffee">Turkish coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_coffee" title="White coffee">White coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Russian_(cocktail)" title="White Russian (cocktail)">White Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiener_Melange" title="Wiener Melange">Wiener Melange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazdi_coffee" title="Yazdi coffee">Yazdi coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuenyeung" title="Yuenyeung">Yuenyeung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bakery_caf%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="List of bakery cafés">Bakery cafés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_coffee_companies" title="List of coffee companies">Coffee companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_coffeehouse_chains" title="List of coffeehouse chains">Coffeehouses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lifestyle</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barista" title="Barista">Barista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikini_barista" title="Bikini barista">Bikini barista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_sospeso" title="Caffè sospeso">Caffè sospeso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_(work)#Coffee_break" title="Break (work)">Coffee break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_ceremony_of_Ethiopia_and_Eritrea" title="Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea">Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoffeeCon" title="CoffeeCon">CoffeeCon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_culture" title="Coffee culture">Coffee culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_culture_in_Australia" title="Coffee culture in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_culture_in_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="Coffee culture in the former Yugoslavia">Former Yugoslavia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_cupping" title="Coffee cupping">Coffee cupping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_palace" title="Coffee palace">Coffee palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">Coffeehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_coffeehouses_in_the_17th_and_18th_centuries" title="English coffeehouses in the 17th and 18th centuries">Historical coffeehouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopi_tiam" title="Kopi tiam">Kopi tiam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latte_art" title="Latte art">Latte art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viennese_coffee_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Viennese coffee house">Viennese coffee house</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coffee_substitute" title="Coffee substitute">Substitutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_d%27orzo" title="Caffè d'orzo">Barley coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barley_tea" title="Barley tea">Barley tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barleycup" title="Barleycup">Barleycup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caro_(drink)" title="Caro (drink)">Caro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cereal_coffee" title="Cereal coffee">Cereal coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicory" title="Chicory">Chicory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandelion_coffee" title="Dandelion coffee">Dandelion coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inka_(drink)" title="Inka (drink)">Inka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brosimum_alicastrum" title="Brosimum alicastrum">Maya nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postum" title="Postum">Postum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qishr" title="Qishr">Qishr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serving vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_cup" title="Coffee cup">Coffee cup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_cup_sleeve" title="Coffee cup sleeve">sleeve</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cezve" title="Cezve">Cezve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demitasse" title="Demitasse">Demitasse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demitasse_spoon" title="Demitasse spoon">spoon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasse_%C3%A0_caf%C3%A9" title="Tasse à café">Tasse à café</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarf" title="Zarf">Zarf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Barista_Championship" title="United States Barista Championship">United States Barista Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Barista_Championship" title="World Barista Championship">World Barista Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Brewers_Cup" title="World Brewers Cup">World Brewers Cup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Misc.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_and_doughnuts" title="Coffee and doughnuts">Coffee and doughnuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_bag" title="Coffee bag">Coffee bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_service" title="Coffee service">Coffee service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_leaf_rust" class="mw-redirect" title="Coffee leaf rust">Coffee leaf rust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_wars" title="Coffee wars">Coffee wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_III_of_Sweden%27s_coffee_experiment" title="Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment">Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canned_coffee" title="Canned coffee">Canned coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_vending_machine" title="Coffee vending machine">Coffee vending machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Used_coffee_grounds" title="Used coffee grounds">Used coffee grounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_coffee" title="Sustainable coffee">Sustainable coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_acid_coffee" title="Low acid coffee">Low acid coffee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-relax.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/16px-Emblem-relax.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/24px-Emblem-relax.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/32px-Emblem-relax.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Coffee" title="Portal:Coffee">Coffee portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Coffee" title="Category:Coffee">Category: Coffee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Coffee_in_Italy371" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Coffee_in_Italy" title="Template:Coffee in Italy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Coffee_in_Italy" title="Template talk:Coffee in Italy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Coffee_in_Italy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Coffee in Italy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Coffee_in_Italy371" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coffee in Italy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coffee_roasting" title="Coffee roasting">Roasters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illy" title="Illy">illy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavazza" title="Lavazza">Lavazza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massimo_Zanetti_Beverage_Group" title="Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group">Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Pascucci" title="Caffè Pascucci">Caffè Pascucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_del_Doge" title="Caffè del Doge">Caffè del Doge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Caff%C3%A8" title="Guglielmo Caffè">Guglielmo Caffè</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical<br /><a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">coffeehouses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antico_Caff%C3%A8_Greco" title="Antico Caffè Greco">Antico Caffè Greco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Bardi" title="Caffè Bardi">Caffè Bardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8-Pasticceria_Cova" title="Caffè-Pasticceria Cova">Caffè-Pasticceria Cova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Florian" title="Caffè Florian">Caffè Florian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Giubbe_Rosse" title="Caffè Giubbe Rosse">Caffè Giubbe Rosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Lavena" title="Caffè Lavena">Caffè Lavena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Michelangiolo" title="Caffè Michelangiolo">Caffè Michelangiolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Quadri" title="Caffè Quadri">Caffè Quadri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_San_Marco" title="Caffè San Marco">Caffè San Marco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Fiorio" title="Caffè Fiorio">Caffè Fiorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_Gambrinus" title="Caffè Gambrinus">Caffè Gambrinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Caff%C3%A8_Doney" title="Gran Caffè Doney">Gran Caffè Doney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzina_Majani,_Bologna" title="Palazzina Majani, Bologna">Palazzina Majani, Bologna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedrocchi_Caf%C3%A9" title="Pedrocchi Café">Pedrocchi Café</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antico_Caff%C3%A8_Spinnato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antico Caffè Spinnato (page does not exist)">Antico Caffè Spinnato</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Bialetti" title="Alfonso Bialetti">Alfonso Bialetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Illy" title="Francesco Illy">Francesco Illy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Lavazza" title="Luigi Lavazza">Luigi Lavazza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Moriondo" title="Angelo Moriondo">Angelo Moriondo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bialetti" title="Bialetti">Bialetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caffitaly" title="Caffitaly">Caffitaly</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimbali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cimbali (page does not exist)">Cimbali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FrancisFrancis" class="mw-redirect" title="FrancisFrancis">FrancisFrancis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De%27Longhi" class="mw-redirect" title="De'Longhi">De'Longhi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektra_(espresso_machines)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektra (espresso machines) (page does not exist)">Elektra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faema" title="Faema">Faema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaggia" title="Gaggia">Gaggia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Marzocco" title="La Marzocco">La Marzocco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lelit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lelit (page does not exist)">Lelit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancilio" title="Rancilio">Rancilio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeco" title="Saeco">Saeco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smeg_(appliances)" title="Smeg (appliances)">Smeg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drinks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affogato" title="Affogato">Affogato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbajada" title="Barbajada">Barbajada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicerin" title="Bicerin">Bicerin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardino" title="Bombardino">Bombardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_corretto" title="Caffè corretto">Caffè corretto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_crema" title="Caffè crema">Caffè crema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_macchiato" title="Caffè macchiato">Caffè macchiato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappuccino" title="Cappuccino">Cappuccino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espressino" title="Espressino">Espressino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espresso" title="Espresso">Espresso</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lungo" title="Lungo">Lungo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ristretto" title="Ristretto">Ristretto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doppio" title="Doppio">Doppio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latte_macchiato" title="Latte macchiato">Latte macchiato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marocchino" title="Marocchino">Marocchino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mocaccino" class="mw-redirect" title="Mocaccino">Mocaccino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakerato" title="Shakerato">Shakerato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gassosa_al_caff%C3%A8" title="Gassosa al caffè">Gassosa al caffè</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moretta_(coffee)" title="Moretta (coffee)">Moretta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barista" title="Barista">Barista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_sospeso" title="Caffè sospeso">Caffè sospeso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easy_Serving_Espresso_Pod" title="Easy Serving Espresso Pod">Easy Serving Espresso Pod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espresso_machine" title="Espresso machine">Espresso machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IperEspresso" title="IperEspresso">IperEspresso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISSpresso" title="ISSpresso">ISSpresso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavazza_A_Modo_Mio" title="Lavazza A Modo Mio">Lavazza A Modo Mio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moka_pot" title="Moka pot">Moka pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_flip_coffee_pot" title="Neapolitan flip coffee pot">Neapolitan flip coffee pot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-relax.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/28px-Emblem-relax.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/42px-Emblem-relax.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/56px-Emblem-relax.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Coffee" title="Portal:Coffee">Coffee portal</a>  <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/48px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/64px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1266661725"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Italy&#124;link=Italy_Economy_of_Italy752" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Economy_of_Italy" title="Template:Economy of Italy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Economy_of_Italy" title="Template talk:Economy of Italy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Economy_of_Italy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Economy of Italy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Italy&#124;link=Italy_Economy_of_Italy752" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Economy of Italy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_of_Italy" title="Category:Companies of Italy">Companies of Italy</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_coins_in_Italy" title="History of coins in Italy">Currency and coinage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Italy" title="Economic history of Italy">Economic history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_pre-unitarian_Italy" title="Economic history of pre-unitarian Italy">Economic history of pre-unitarian Italy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Italian regions by GDP">Regions by GDP</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/48px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/64px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy portal</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Industry_in_Italy" title="Category:Industry in Italy">Industry and business</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_industry_in_Italy" title="Artificial intelligence industry in Italy">Artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Italy" title="List of companies of Italy">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Italy" title="Agriculture in Italy">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Italy" title="Automotive industry in Italy">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_(company)" title="Leonardo (company)">Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avio" title="Avio">Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eni" title="Eni">Chemical</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webuild" title="Webuild">Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_(company)" title="Leonardo (company)">Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Italy" title="Education in Italy">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STMicroelectronics" title="STMicroelectronics">Electronics and semiconductor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Italy" title="Cinema of Italy">Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Italy" title="Geography of Italy">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Italy" title="Gambling in Italy">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Italy" title="Healthcare in Italy">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_fashion" title="Italian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Made_in_Italy" title="Made in Italy">Made in Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_Italy" title="List of exports of Italy">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Media in Italy">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Italy" title="Cinema of Italy">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Italy" title="Telecommunications in Italy">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Italy" title="Television in Italy">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Italy" title="Tourism in Italy">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Italy" title="Real estate in Italy">Luxury Real Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrara_marble" title="Carrara marble">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_industry_in_Italy" title="Steel industry in Italy">Steel industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fincantieri" title="Fincantieri">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menarini" title="Menarini">Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Italy" title="Science and technology in Italy">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biotechnology_industry_in_Italy" title="Biotechnology industry in Italy">Biotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robotics_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Robotics in Italy">Robotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Italy" title="Beer in Italy">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine of Italy">Wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_gaming_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Video gaming in Italy">Video gaming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Research_institutes_in_Italy" title="Category:Research institutes in Italy">Research</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CINECA" title="CINECA">CINECA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ELETTRA" title="ELETTRA">ELETTRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENEA_(Italy)" title="ENEA (Italy)">ENEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Space_Agency" title="Italian Space Agency">Italian Space Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erzelli_Hi-Tech_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Erzelli Hi-Tech Park">Erzelli Hi-Tech Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Italiano_di_Tecnologia" title="Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia">Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia</a> (IIT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Italiano_per_l%27Intelligenza_Artificiale" title="Istituto Italiano per l'Intelligenza Artificiale">Istituto Italiano per l'Intelligenza Artificiale</a> (AI4I)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Innovation_District" title="Milan Innovation District">Milan Innovation District</a> (MIND)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Energy_in_Italy" title="Category:Energy in Italy">Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Italy" title="Renewable energy in Italy">Renewable</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wind_power_in_Italy" title="Wind power in Italy">Wind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Italy" title="Solar power in Italy">Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_power_in_Italy" title="Geothermal power in Italy">Geothermal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Oil <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_refineries#Italy" title="List of oil refineries">Oil refineries</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trade and <a href="/wiki/Category:Infrastructure" title="Category:Infrastructure">Infrastructure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Italy" title="Transport in Italy">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Italy" title="Telecommunications in Italy">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Italy" title="Tourism in Italy">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_largest_trading_partners_of_Italy" title="List of the largest trading partners of Italy">Trading partners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Taxation_in_Italy" title="Category:Taxation in Italy">Taxation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Italy" title="Taxation in Italy">Tax system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trade_unions_in_Italy" title="List of trade unions in Italy">Trade unions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Finance_in_Italy" title="Category:Finance in Italy">Finance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Banking_in_Italy" title="Category:Banking in Italy">banking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Italy" title="Banking in Italy">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Italy" title="Bank of Italy">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Italy" title="List of banks in Italy">Other banks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assicurazioni_Generali" title="Assicurazioni Generali">Insurance</a></li> <li>Stock Exchange <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borsa_Italiana" title="Borsa Italiana">Borsa Italiana</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Italy" title="International rankings of Italy">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Italy" title="Science and technology in Italy">Science and technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2006_Winter_Olympics" title="2006 Winter Olympics">2006 Winter Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2026_Winter_Olympics" title="2026 Winter Olympics">2026 Winter Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bologna_Motor_Show" title="Bologna Motor Show">Bologna Motor Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turin_Auto_Show" title="Turin Auto Show">Turin Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milano_Monza_Open-Air_Motor_Show" title="Milano Monza Open-Air Motor Show">Milano Monza Open-Air Motor Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venice_Biennale" title="Venice Biennale">Venice Biennale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concorso_d%27Eleganza_Villa_d%27Este" title="Concorso d'Eleganza Villa d'Este">Concorso d'Eleganza Villa d'Este</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EICMA" title="EICMA">EICMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expo_2015" title="Expo 2015">Expo 2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euroflora" title="Euroflora">Euroflora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieracavalli" title="Fieracavalli">Fieracavalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genoa_International_Boat_Show" title="Genoa International Boat Show">Genoa International Boat Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsenale_di_Venezia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arsenale di Venezia">Venice Boat Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucca_Comics_%26_Games" title="Lucca Comics & Games">Lucca Comics & Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terra_Madre_Salone_del_Gusto" title="Terra Madre Salone del Gusto">Terra Madre Salone del Gusto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padua" title="Padua">Auto Moto d'Epoca Padova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milano AutoClassica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Furniture_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="Milan Furniture Fair">Milan Furniture Fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week" title="Milan Fashion Week">Milan Fashion Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palio_di_Siena" title="Palio di Siena">Palio di Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riviera_International_Film_Festival" title="Riviera International Film Festival">Riviera International Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Film_Festival" title="Rome Film Festival">Rome Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venice_Film_Festival" title="Venice Film Festival">Venice Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinitaly" title="Vinitaly">Vinitaly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Sounding" title="Italian Sounding">Italian Sounding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_question" title="Southern question">Southern question</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><i><b>See also:</b></i> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" 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