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Abyssale vlakte - Wikipedia
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<div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Abyssale vlakte</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 47 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%87%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%82" title="سهل سحيق – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سهل سحيق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abissal_d%C3%BCz%C9%99nlik" title="Abissal düzənlik – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Abissal düzənlik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Абісальныя раўніны – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Абісальныя раўніны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Абисално дъно – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Абисално дъно" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF" title="গহন সমভূমি – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গহন সমভূমি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plana_abissal" title="Plana abissal – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Plana abissal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abyss%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_plo%C5%A1ina" title="Abyssální plošina – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Abyssální plošina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiefseeebene" title="Tiefseeebene – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tiefseeebene" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abyssal_plain" title="Abyssal plain – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Abyssal plain" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llanura_abisal" title="Llanura abisal – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Llanura abisal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ab%C3%BCssaalne_tasandik" title="Abüssaalne tasandik – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Abüssaalne tasandik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoki_abisal" title="Ordoki abisal – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ordoki abisal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="دشت مغاکی – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دشت مغاکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaine_abyssale" title="Plaine abyssale – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Plaine abyssale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1_aibh%C3%A9iseach" title="Má aibhéiseach – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Má aibhéiseach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaira_abisal" title="Chaira abisal – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Chaira abisal" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अतल मैदान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अतल मैदान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abisalna_ravnica" title="Abisalna ravnica – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Abisalna ravnica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plenn_abisal" title="Plenn abisal – Haïtiaans Creools" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Plenn abisal" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AC_%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AE%D6%84%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Աբիսալ նստվածքներ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աբիսալ նստվածքներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataran_abisal" title="Dataran abisal – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dataran abisal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piana_abissale" title="Piana abissale – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Piana abissale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="深海平原 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="深海平原" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="აბისალური ვაკეები – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აბისალური ვაკეები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Абиссальды жазық – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Абиссальды жазық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%AC%ED%95%B4%EC%A0%80_%ED%8F%89%EC%9B%90" title="심해저 평원 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="심해저 평원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%B7%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D2%AF" title="Абиссаль түздүктөрү – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Абиссаль түздүктөрү" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abis%C4%81lais_l%C4%ABdzenums" title="Abisālais līdzenums – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Abisālais līdzenums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Абисална рамнина – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Абисална рамнина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuphavsslette" title="Djuphavsslette – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Djuphavsslette" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyphavsslette" title="Dyphavsslette – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dyphavsslette" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3wnina_abisalna" title="Równina abisalna – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Równina abisalna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%ADcie_abissal" title="Planície abissal – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Planície abissal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Абиссальная равнина – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Абиссальная равнина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subbissu" title="Subbissu – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Subbissu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abyssal_plain" title="Abyssal plain – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Abyssal plain" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abisalna_ravnina" title="Abisalna ravnina – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Abisalna ravnina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuphavssl%C3%A4tt" title="Djuphavsslätt – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Djuphavsslätt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF" title="கடலடிச் சமவெளி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கடலடிச் சமவெளி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3" title="ที่ราบก้นสมุทร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ที่ราบก้นสมุทร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abissal_d%C3%BCzl%C3%BCk" title="Abissal düzlük – Turkmeens" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Abissal düzlük" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abisal_ova" title="Abisal ova – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Abisal ova" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Абиссаль тигезлек – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Абиссаль тигезлек" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Абісальна рівнина – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Абісальна рівнина" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abissal_tekisliklar" title="Abissal tekisliklar – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abissal tekisliklar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng_b%E1%BA%B1ng_bi%E1%BB%83n_th%E1%BA%B3m" title="Đồng bằng biển thẳm – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đồng bằng biển thẳm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="深海平原 – Chinees" lang="zh" 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class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Continental_shelf.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Continental_shelf.svg/langnl-350px-Continental_shelf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Continental_shelf.svg/langnl-525px-Continental_shelf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Continental_shelf.svg/langnl-700px-Continental_shelf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="202" /></a><figcaption>Schematisch overzicht van de overgang tussen continent en oceaan</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Abyssale vlaktes</b> zijn de vlakke diepere gebieden van de bodem van de <a href="/wiki/Oceaan" title="Oceaan">oceanen</a>. Abyssale vlaktes vormen ongeveer 40% van het totale oppervlakte van de oceaanbodems ter wereld en liggen op dieptes tussen de 2200 en 5500 m onder <a href="/wiki/Zeeniveau" title="Zeeniveau">zeeniveau</a>. Abyssale vlaktes worden begrensd door <a href="/wiki/Continentale_verheffing" title="Continentale verheffing">continentale verheffingen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mid-oceanische_rug" title="Mid-oceanische rug">mid-oceanische ruggen</a> of <a href="/wiki/Trog_(geografie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trog (geografie)">oceanische troggen</a>. Ze hebben zeer weinig <a href="/wiki/Reli%C3%ABf_(landschap)" title="Reliëf (landschap)">reliëf</a> en behoren tot de slechtst verkende delen van het <a href="/wiki/Aardoppervlak" title="Aardoppervlak">aardoppervlak</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geologie">Geologie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abyssale_vlakte&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abyssale_vlakte&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geologie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De lage en vlakke <a href="/wiki/Topografie" title="Topografie">topografie</a> van de abbysale vlaktes wordt gevormd door <a href="/wiki/Oceanische_korst" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanische korst">oceanische korst</a>. Deze wordt volgens de theorie van <a href="/wiki/Platentektoniek" title="Platentektoniek">platentektoniek</a> aangemaakt door <a href="/wiki/Vulkanisme" title="Vulkanisme">vulkanisme</a> op de mid-oceanische ruggen. Naarmate de oceanische korst verder van de rug afligt is ze ouder en daardoor verder afgekoeld, waardoor de dichtheid toeneemt. Volgens het principe van <a href="/wiki/Isostasie" title="Isostasie">isostasie</a> zinkt de koelere oceanische korst daarom dieper weg. Dit veroorzaakt de diepe ligging van het grootste deel van de oceaanbodem. </p><p>Hoewel oceanische korst wanneer ze gevormd wordt bij een mid-oceanische rug zeer oneffen is, worden hoogteverschillen uitgewist omdat de <a href="/wiki/Uitvloeiingsgesteente" class="mw-redirect" title="Uitvloeiingsgesteente">vulkanische gesteenten</a> (vooral <a href="/wiki/Basalt_(gesteente)" title="Basalt (gesteente)">basalt</a> in de vorm van <a href="/wiki/Kussenlava" title="Kussenlava">kussenlava</a>'s) in de loop der tijd afgedekt worden met een laag fijn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelagisch_sediment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelagisch sediment (de pagina bestaat niet)">diepzeesediment</a>, vooral <a href="/wiki/Klei" title="Klei">klei</a> en <a href="/wiki/Silt" title="Silt">silt</a>. Deze sedimenten zijn afkomstig van <a href="/wiki/Troebelingsstroom" title="Troebelingsstroom">troebelingsstromen</a> die vanaf de <a href="/wiki/Continentale_marge" title="Continentale marge">continentale marges</a> over de oceaanbodem stromen, van zeer fijne stofdeeltjes die uit de <a href="/wiki/Aardatmosfeer" title="Aardatmosfeer">atmosfeer</a> in het water terechtkomen of van afstervende <a href="/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme">organismen</a> (voornamelijk <a href="/wiki/Plankton" title="Plankton">plankton</a>) uit de hogere delen van de waterkolom. In ver van het land afgelegen gebieden kan de snelheid van <a href="/wiki/Sedimentatie" title="Sedimentatie">sedimentatie</a> slechts twee centimeter per duizend jaar bedragen. </p><p>De oceaanbodem van de abyssale vlakten bevat veel <a href="/wiki/Mangaanknol" title="Mangaanknol">mangaanknollen</a>, die ontstaan door het <a href="/wiki/Neerslag_(scheikunde)" title="Neerslag (scheikunde)">neerslaan</a> van <a href="/wiki/Metaal" title="Metaal">metalen</a> uit het zeewater. Ook andere metalen als <a href="/wiki/Ijzer_(element)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ijzer (element)">ijzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikkel" title="Nikkel">nikkel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">kobalt</a> en <a href="/wiki/Koper_(element)" title="Koper (element)">koper</a> zijn in grote hoeveelheden aanwezig. Vanwege de grote diepte is het economisch niet mogelijk deze grondstofvoorraden te winnen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leven">Leven</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abyssale_vlakte&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Leven" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abyssale_vlakte&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Leven"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Abyssale_zone" title="Abyssale zone">abyssale zone</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>De oceaanbodem van de abyssale vlaktes is vanwege de diepte in totale duisternis gehuld zodat geen <a href="/wiki/Fotosynthese" title="Fotosynthese">fotosynthese</a> mogelijk is. De temperatuur van het water is er rond de 0 graden <a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">Celsius</a>. Voedsel voor organismen is alleen aanwezig in de vorm van uit hogere delen van de waterkolom neerdwarrelend <a href="/wiki/Detritus_(biologie)" title="Detritus (biologie)">detritus</a>. Desondanks komt er op de oceaanbodem veel leven voor. Soorten <a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a> die <a href="/wiki/Extremofiel" title="Extremofiel">extremofiel</a> worden genoemd zijn bestand tegen de hoge druk, lage temperatuur en de totale duisternis. Zulke organismen zijn <a href="/wiki/Chemotroof" title="Chemotroof">chemotroof</a>, ze halen hun energie uit het omzetten van <a href="/wiki/Chemische_stof" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemische stof">chemische stoffen</a> in plaats van uit energie van de Zon. Hoger in de <a href="/wiki/Voedselketen" title="Voedselketen">voedselketen</a> komen <a href="/wiki/Bioluminescent" class="mw-redirect" title="Bioluminescent">bioluminescente</a> levensvormen voor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abyssale_vlakte&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abyssale_vlakte&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oceaan" title="Oceaan">oceaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abyssale_zone" title="Abyssale zone">abyssale zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanische_korst" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanische korst">oceanische korst</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐67876799fc‐hf2zr Cached time: 20241127203213 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.015 seconds Real time usage: 0.035 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 118/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 510/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 39/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 4.564 1 -total 100.00% 4.564 1 Sjabloon:Zie_hoofdartikel 52.76% 2.408 1 Sjabloon:Multiparameters --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key nlwiki:pcache:1298859:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241127203213 and revision id 68319944. 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