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(PDF) The ''IN or OUT'' Project. A study of social exclusion and inequality in Bronze Age and Iron Age north-eastern Italy | Elisa Perego - Academia.edu
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{"work":{"id":6977623,"created_at":"2014-05-06T12:05:02.994-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2024-11-02T06:53:02.031-07:00","_data":{"more_info":"M. 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A study of social exclusion and inequality in Bronze Age and Iron Age north-eastern Italy","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [139332]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":33643367,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “The ''IN or OUT'' Project. 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A study of social exclusion and inequality in Bronze Age and Iron Age north-eastern Italy</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="139332" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/ElisaPerego"><img alt="Profile image of Elisa Perego" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/139332/840313/46394889/s65_elisa.perego.jpg" />Elisa Perego</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":33643367,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/6977623/The_IN_or_OUT_Project_A_study_of_social_exclusion_and_inequality_in_Bronze_Age_and_Iron_Age_north_eastern_Italy"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":33643367,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/6977623/The_IN_or_OUT_Project_A_study_of_social_exclusion_and_inequality_in_Bronze_Age_and_Iron_Age_north_eastern_Italy"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="33643367" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/6977623/The_IN_or_OUT_Project_A_study_of_social_exclusion_and_inequality_in_Bronze_Age_and_Iron_Age_north_eastern_Italy" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="102588365" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/102588365/Balancing_the_scales_archaeological_approaches_to_social_inequality">Balancing the scales: archaeological approaches to social inequality</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3121013" href="https://ucd.academia.edu/JessBeck">Jess Beck</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="799343" href="https://sunybuffalo.academia.edu/ColinQuinn">Colin Quinn</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">World Archaeology, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Archaeology lends a critical perspective to research on social inequality due to the eld's unique access to deep history, emphasis on materiality, and explicit incorporation of multiple lines of evidence. 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Affluence is generally understood as a situation where material needs remain limited and where the idea of necessity governs economic production. In this stoic understanding of human existence, social equality is inevitably linked to limited economic wealth and, hence, to hunter-gatherer societies. According to this logic, the development of individual needs not only requires a greater input of labour, but also leads to social inequality, political institutions, etc. This dominant civilisational narrative is being challenged by archaeology, as increasing evidence is provided of prehistoric societies with an exceptional demographic and economic development, including a high level of specialisation and coordination, but where no or few signs of political centralisation can be identified. These societies engaged in substantial joint enterprises, extended over large territories, organised large-scale distribution networks, and developed exceptional technical skills. No convincing interpretative framework has yet been developed for these archaeological complexes, which evade the conventional labels of chiefdom, state, social complexity, etc. The various spatial and material expressions used in archaeology to identify political institutions, centralised power, or social hierarchies remain elusive in these cases. Although settlement areas may have reached considerable sizes, they did not develop into urban centres. The production of substantial surplus is the common feature of these groups. This production was utilised in very different social, ideological, or political realms, but was not transformed into private property. Consequently, we can speak here of cooperative affluent societies, where substantial material benefits were shared and enjoyed collectively. 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(Eds.): The Prehistory of Iberia: Debating Early Social Stratification and the State, 3-10. , 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"\"Debating early social stratification and the state in Prehistoric Iberia: An introduction.\"","attachmentId":37195208,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2311229/_Debating_early_social_stratification_and_the_state_in_Prehistoric_Iberia_An_introduction_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2311229/_Debating_early_social_stratification_and_the_state_in_Prehistoric_Iberia_An_introduction_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="35871833" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35871833/the_emergence_of_social_inequality_in_the_context_of_early_neolithic_northern_europe">the emergence of social inequality in the context of early neolithic northern europe</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33380322" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GebauerAnne">Anne Birgitte Gebauer</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3340125" href="https://transportmarfa.academia.edu/TDouglasPrice">T. Douglas Price</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Social inequality is considered here in terms of institutionalized differentiation in society that creates hierarchy in decision-mak- ing and access to resources. The origins of such differentiation in the human past are unclear and often debated. In this essay, we argue for the associated appearance of social inequality with the origins and spread of agriculture. Our focus is on the evidence for the arrival of agri- culture and the Neolithic in Southern Scandi- navia. Following a discussion of the meaning and visibility of social inequality in archaeol- ogy, we examine the evidene for social differ- entiation in Neolithic Northern Europe in- cluding monumental tombs, large-scale public works and prestige items. Our conclusions support an argument for social inequality in the Early Neolithic of Northern Europe.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"the emergence of social inequality in the context of early neolithic northern europe","attachmentId":55751316,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35871833/the_emergence_of_social_inequality_in_the_context_of_early_neolithic_northern_europe","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35871833/the_emergence_of_social_inequality_in_the_context_of_early_neolithic_northern_europe"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="96464499" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/96464499/The_Emergence_of_Social_Inequality_in_Prehistory">The Emergence of Social Inequality in Prehistory</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3340125" href="https://transportmarfa.academia.edu/TDouglasPrice">T. Douglas Price</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Archaeology of Inequality. Tracing the Archaeological Record</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Inequality is an inherent characteristic in many species of animals. Nonetheless, human hunter-gatherers in the later Pleistocene created mechanisms that overrode tendencies toward dominance and chose egalitarian behavior as a means to structure social, economic, and political organization. Here I argue that those egalitarian constraints were relaxed at the end of the Pleistocene with the beginnings of surplus production and storage, which created a basis of wealth and an increasingly important role for dominance behavior and inequality. The almost simultaneous emergence of domestication and social differentiation speaks strongly for the relationship between these two aspects of human adaptation at the origins of agriculture. This essay elaborates on the argument.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Emergence of Social Inequality in Prehistory","attachmentId":98355584,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96464499/The_Emergence_of_Social_Inequality_in_Prehistory","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/96464499/The_Emergence_of_Social_Inequality_in_Prehistory"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="52328592" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52328592/Questioning_premises_of_Social_Archaeology_a_positive_view_on_classlessness_in_past_societies">Questioning premises of Social Archaeology: a positive view on classlessness in past societies</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5253790" href="https://uni-kiel.academia.edu/KataSzil%C3%A1gyi">Kata Furholt (Szilágyi)</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">EAA 2021 Abstract book, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">One of the most prominent habits of archaeologists is to take something that exists today and trace ‘its roots’ in prehistory, i.e. the first appearance or the oldest letter, alphabet, writing, burial, monument, enclosure system, etc, thus generating a teleological narrative which mostly leads to glorification or even naturalisation of our current conditions. This is very much the case for the emergence of social inequality, stratified society, chiefs and elites, often portrayed as an evolutionary process of gradual unfolding of a natural, or unavoidable social state. This critique is directed both at the Liberal as well as the Marxist tradition. Recent theory, for example in the context of Degrowth and Post-colonialism, has objected that these traditional schools of thought presuppose a universality of material extraction, the accumulation of material goods, and an imperative of growth as the main values underlying the formation of social systems, and pointed out that these are in fact not human universals but specific historical characteristics of the modern capitalist world-system. Similarly, Anarchist perspectives in anthropology, history and archaeology have pointed to a second set of faulty premises baked into traditional Political Economy accounts, namely the idea that competition, dominance behaviour, war, racism and xenophobia would be the main drivers of history, while the empirical evidence and experience of cooperation, mutual aid, altruism, solidarity and common property are systematically ignored as factors shaping social systems. We want to use these insights to discuss the alternative scenarios of social organisation such a change of perspectives will have for our view of prehistoric social organization.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Questioning premises of Social Archaeology: a positive view on classlessness in past societies","attachmentId":69644190,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/52328592/Questioning_premises_of_Social_Archaeology_a_positive_view_on_classlessness_in_past_societies","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/52328592/Questioning_premises_of_Social_Archaeology_a_positive_view_on_classlessness_in_past_societies"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="53232808" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53232808/THURSTON_T_L_and_FERN%C3%81NDEZ_G%C3%96TZ_M_eds_2021_Power_from_Below_in_Premodern_Societies_The_Dynamics_of_Political_Complexity_in_the_Archaeological_Record_Cambridge_University_Press_Cambridge_New_York">THURSTON, T.L. and FERNÁNDEZ-GÖTZ, M. (eds.) (2021): Power from Below in Premodern Societies: The Dynamics of Political Complexity in the Archaeological Record. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/New York.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="119009" href="https://edinburgh.academia.edu/ManuelFernandezGotz">Manuel Fernández-Götz</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3071531" href="https://sunybuffalo.academia.edu/TLThurston">T. L. Thurston</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This volume challenges previous views of social organization focused on elites by offering innovative perspectives on "power from below." Using a variety of archaeological, anthropological, and historical data to question traditional narratives of complexity as inextricably linked to top-down power structures, it exemplifies how commoners have developed strategies to sustain nonhierarchical networks and contest the rise of inequalities. Through case studies from around the world - ranging from Europe to New Guinea, and from Mesoamerica to China - an international team of contributors explores the diverse and dynamic nature of power relations in premodern societies. The theoretical models discussed throughout the volume include a reassessment of key concepts such as heterarchy, collective action, and resistance. Thus, the book adds considerable nuance to our understanding of power in the past and opens new avenues of reflection that can help inform discussions about our collective present and future.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"THURSTON, T.L. and FERNÁNDEZ-GÖTZ, M. (eds.) (2021): Power from Below in Premodern Societies: The Dynamics of Political Complexity in the Archaeological Record. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/New York.","attachmentId":70120270,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53232808/THURSTON_T_L_and_FERN%C3%81NDEZ_G%C3%96TZ_M_eds_2021_Power_from_Below_in_Premodern_Societies_The_Dynamics_of_Political_Complexity_in_the_Archaeological_Record_Cambridge_University_Press_Cambridge_New_York","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/53232808/THURSTON_T_L_and_FERN%C3%81NDEZ_G%C3%96TZ_M_eds_2021_Power_from_Below_in_Premodern_Societies_The_Dynamics_of_Political_Complexity_in_the_Archaeological_Record_Cambridge_University_Press_Cambridge_New_York"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="19139202" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19139202/The_Origins_of_Extreme_Economic_Inequality_An_Archaeologists_Take_on_a_Contemporary_Controversy">The Origins of Extreme Economic Inequality: An Archaeologist's Take on a Contemporary Controversy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12331953" href="https://colorado.academia.edu/SarahKurnick">Sarah Kurnick</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Origins of Extreme Economic Inequality: An Archaeologist's Take on a Contemporary Controversy","attachmentId":40452840,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/19139202/The_Origins_of_Extreme_Economic_Inequality_An_Archaeologists_Take_on_a_Contemporary_Controversy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/19139202/The_Origins_of_Extreme_Economic_Inequality_An_Archaeologists_Take_on_a_Contemporary_Controversy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":33643367,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":33643367,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_33643367" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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Sheffield: Equinox; ISBN 978-1-84553-080-8 hardback £75 & US$115; x + 212 pp., 31 figs, 18 tables</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10309931" href="https://independent.academia.edu/aubreycannon">aubrey cannon</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Structured Worlds: the Archaeology of Hunter-gatherer Thought and Action, edited by Cannon, 2011. 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D. G. Anderson. 2010. In Trend, Tradition, and Turmoil: What Happened to the Southeastern Archaic? edited by D.H. Thomas and M. C. Sanger, pp. 273–302. Anth. Papers of the American Museum of Natural History.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="173479" href="https://utk.academia.edu/DavidAnderson">David G Anderson</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History, New York, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The End of the Southeastern Archaic: Regional Interaction and Archaeological Interpretation. D. G. Anderson. 2010. In Trend, Tradition, and Turmoil: What Happened to the Southeastern Archaic? edited by D.H. Thomas and M. C. Sanger, pp. 273–302. Anth. 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