CINXE.COM
2023 Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI) | Human Development Reports
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="description" content="Without tackling biased gender social norms, we will not achieve gender equality or the Sustainable Development Goals. Biased gender social norms鈥攖he undervaluation of women鈥檚 capabilities and rights in society鈥攃onstrain women鈥檚 choices and opportunities by regulating behaviour and setting the boundaries of what women are expected to do and be. Biased gender social norms are a major impediment to achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://hdr.undp.org/content/2023-gender-social-norms-index-gsni" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="2023 Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI)" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="United Nations" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="'2023/6/12'" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Human Development Reports" /> <meta name="citation_technical_report_institution" content="United Nations" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/hdro/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <script>window.a2a_config=window.a2a_config||{};a2a_config.callbacks=[];a2a_config.overlays=[];a2a_config.templates={};a2a_config.icon_color = "transparent";</script> <title>2023 Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI) | Human Development Reports</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_HO5sQ_0WxWhYdDQzgPz4zcCI8sPt8K2aiZGKpeV5a6U.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=hdro&include=eJyNUkFywyAM_JBtnuSRQcFqAVEhx_HvS4FMps2lF8_uSosWYXBOGdJlYIDlJpx0KldRjGaDgtPuhE3RK-DkmX3AVcEbr_E3Bf-XL_ABj26_MSvKOAqtEqfpTngW075LZHeEMYqi7yBQ-uxIsQYZ9hthcB2CKNmAZcog4AXyXoyTI0NYXspypHxsgcqO7jkA_JgV0RGs51XovMbUjd3V0Ao5mwiUXkxqu9T4vbNaA_u1kMMNeroVHyqwtozFvClLU4bPBh7b_ZfLksLP3mops4wI7Wa26SO9IDgrR9w6T-xwfuuKmI55r50oc5a6D7lGgR2EDnt5sixoPr4OlPpvsMTxhqR41nvPEFB05juKVDo99bXphhLpN-pF7Ik" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://use.typekit.net/pas4nft.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_ZYinft4sisUtK8SQ7b7YMopPv6Ov1SXwFD5XlJNgGS4.css?delta=2&language=en&theme=hdro&include=eJyNUkFywyAM_JBtnuSRQcFqAVEhx_HvS4FMps2lF8_uSosWYXBOGdJlYIDlJpx0KldRjGaDgtPuhE3RK-DkmX3AVcEbr_E3Bf-XL_ABj26_MSvKOAqtEqfpTngW075LZHeEMYqi7yBQ-uxIsQYZ9hthcB2CKNmAZcog4AXyXoyTI0NYXspypHxsgcqO7jkA_JgV0RGs51XovMbUjd3V0Ao5mwiUXkxqu9T4vbNaA_u1kMMNeroVHyqwtozFvClLU4bPBh7b_ZfLksLP3mops4wI7Wa26SO9IDgrR9w6T-xwfuuKmI55r50oc5a6D7lGgR2EDnt5sixoPr4OlPpvsMTxhqR41nvPEFB05juKVDo99bXphhLpN-pF7Ik" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_zPTfRIzqCiNtS76MQ6ZHP3d4GgyimqYSD40IaQkIJFs.css?delta=3&language=en&theme=hdro&include=eJyNUkFywyAM_JBtnuSRQcFqAVEhx_HvS4FMps2lF8_uSosWYXBOGdJlYIDlJpx0KldRjGaDgtPuhE3RK-DkmX3AVcEbr_E3Bf-XL_ABj26_MSvKOAqtEqfpTngW075LZHeEMYqi7yBQ-uxIsQYZ9hthcB2CKNmAZcog4AXyXoyTI0NYXspypHxsgcqO7jkA_JgV0RGs51XovMbUjd3V0Ao5mwiUXkxqu9T4vbNaA_u1kMMNeroVHyqwtozFvClLU4bPBh7b_ZfLksLP3mops4wI7Wa26SO9IDgrR9w6T-xwfuuKmI55r50oc5a6D7lGgR2EDnt5sixoPr4OlPpvsMTxhqR41nvPEFB05juKVDo99bXphhLpN-pF7Ik" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_oERlHs84iIH689jZ3GVVxtRYfnNLJwONPnezj8MDz5w.css?delta=4&language=en&theme=hdro&include=eJyNUkFywyAM_JBtnuSRQcFqAVEhx_HvS4FMps2lF8_uSosWYXBOGdJlYIDlJpx0KldRjGaDgtPuhE3RK-DkmX3AVcEbr_E3Bf-XL_ABj26_MSvKOAqtEqfpTngW075LZHeEMYqi7yBQ-uxIsQYZ9hthcB2CKNmAZcog4AXyXoyTI0NYXspypHxsgcqO7jkA_JgV0RGs51XovMbUjd3V0Ao5mwiUXkxqu9T4vbNaA_u1kMMNeroVHyqwtozFvClLU4bPBh7b_ZfLksLP3mops4wI7Wa26SO9IDgrR9w6T-xwfuuKmI55r50oc5a6D7lGgR2EDnt5sixoPr4OlPpvsMTxhqR41nvPEFB05juKVDo99bXphhLpN-pF7Ik" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_UNh_Ld8pCjCWGcCu0OMEsMtDgXFf6TiTIS7zff6FmvI.css?delta=5&language=en&theme=hdro&include=eJyNUkFywyAM_JBtnuSRQcFqAVEhx_HvS4FMps2lF8_uSosWYXBOGdJlYIDlJpx0KldRjGaDgtPuhE3RK-DkmX3AVcEbr_E3Bf-XL_ABj26_MSvKOAqtEqfpTngW075LZHeEMYqi7yBQ-uxIsQYZ9hthcB2CKNmAZcog4AXyXoyTI0NYXspypHxsgcqO7jkA_JgV0RGs51XovMbUjd3V0Ao5mwiUXkxqu9T4vbNaA_u1kMMNeroVHyqwtozFvClLU4bPBh7b_ZfLksLP3mops4wI7Wa26SO9IDgrR9w6T-xwfuuKmI55r50oc5a6D7lGgR2EDnt5sixoPr4OlPpvsMTxhqR41nvPEFB05juKVDo99bXphhLpN-pF7Ik" /> </head> <body class="path--node page-node-type-publication"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable"> Skip to main content </a> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-KFGGBT5" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <div data-sitewide-alert></div> <div class="main"> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <header class="header__wrapper"> <div class="header"> <div class="header__inner"> <div class="header__branding__wrapper"> <div class="header__branding"> <a href="/" rel="home" class="logo__link"> <img class="logo" src="/themes/custom/hdro/logo.svg" alt="Home" /> <span class="site-title">Human Development Reports</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="header__search-mobile-button__wrapper"> <div class="header__mobile-button" data-responsive-toggle="primary-menu" data-hide-for="xxlarge"> <button id="nav-icon" class="header__menu-icon" type="button" data-toggle="primary-menu"> <div class="button--inner"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> Display Menu </button> </div> <div class="header__search"> <a href="/search/modal" data-dialog-type="modal" class="icon-search use-ajax">Open Search Modal</a> <a href="/search/modal/close" class="icon-search-close use-ajax">Close Search Modal</a> </div> </div> <div class="header__menu__wrapper"> <ul id="primary-menu" class="menu vertical xxlarge-horizontal" data-responsive-menu="drilldown xxlarge-dropdown" data-auto-height="true" data-animate-height="true" data-parent-link="true"> <li class="menu-item first"> <a href="/" data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>">Home</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded menu-item--active-trail"> <a href="/reports-and-publications" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/6">Reports and Publications</a> <ul class="menu vertical"> <li class="menu-item first"> <a href="/content/human-development-report-2023-24" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3448">Human Development Report 2023-24</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/reports-and-publications/towards-2025-human-development-report" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3453">Towards 2025 Human Development Report</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/content/2024-global-multidimensional-poverty-index-mpi" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3461">2024 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--active-trail last"> <a href="/content/2023-gender-social-norms-index-gsni" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3411" class="is-active">2023 Gender Social Norms Index Publication</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/data-center" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2">Data Center</a> <ul class="menu vertical"> <li class="menu-item first"> <a href="/data-center/human-development-index" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/14">Human Development Index</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/data-center/country-insights" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/8">Country Insights</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/data-center/human-climate-horizons-data-and-insights-platform" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3394">Human Climate Horizons data and insights platform</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/data-center/composite-indices" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13">Thematic Composite Indices</a> </li> <li class="menu-item last"> <a href="/data-center/documentation-and-downloads" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3304">Documentation and downloads</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/news" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5">News</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded last"> <a href="/about-hdro" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3">About</a> <ul class="menu vertical"> <li class="menu-item first"> <a href="/about/hdro-staff" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/4">HDRO Team</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/human-development" title="Human development" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3379">What is Human development?</a> </li> <li class="menu-item last"> <a href="/about/contact-us" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10">Contact us</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="page"> <div class="help__wrapper grid-container"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> <main class="main-content__wrapper" role="main"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="main-content"> <div id="block-hdro-content"> <article> <div class="section"> <div class="section__content grid-container"> <div class="publication-content"> <div class="publication-content grid-x grid-margin-x grid-margin-y"> <div class="publication-content__breadcrumb large-offset-1 medium-10"> <div class="breadcrumb"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol> <li class="breadcrumb__item"> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb__item"> <a href="/reports-and-publications">Reports and Publications</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb__item"> <span aria-current="page">2023 Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI)</span> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="publication-content__media cell large-6 xlarge-5"> <h2 class="display-up-to-medium"><span>2023 Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI)</span> </h2> <h3 class="publication-content__tagline display-up-to-medium">Breaking down gender biases: Shifting social norms towards gender equality</h3> <div class="publication-card"> <div class="publication-card__item__share publication-card__social-links field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Share</div> <div class="field__items"> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://hdr.undp.org/content/2023-gender-social-norms-index-gsni" data-a2a-title="2023 Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI)"><ul><li><a class="a2a_button_linkedin"></a></li><li><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a></li><li><a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a></li><li><a class="a2a_button_email"></a></li><li><a class="a2a_button_print"></a></li></ul></span> </div> </div> <div class="publication-card__item__imagebox"> <div class="img publication-card__image" data-viewport="true" data-scale-up="true" > <img alt="Publication report cover: 2023 Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI)" src="/sites/default/files/styles/500x750/public/images/2023-06/GSNI2023_0.JPG?h=9e905189&itok=ev5IZpJk" width="550" height="750" loading="lazy" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-items field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Download Report by Language</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="media-wrapper media-wrapper--document media-wrapper--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-document field--type-file field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Document</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="/system/files/documents/hdp-document/gsni202303.pdf" type="application/pdf">English</a></span> <span>(1.51 MB)</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-links field--type-link field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Additional links</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://hdr.undp.org/decade-stagnation">https://hdr.undp.org/decade-stagnation</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-files field--type-file field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Additional files</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><span class="file file--mime-application-vnd-openxmlformats-officedocument-spreadsheetml-sheet file--x-office-spreadsheet"><a href="/sites/default/files/publications/additional-files/2023-06/GSNI2023_AnnexTables2.xlsx" type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet" title="GSNI2023_AnnexTables2.xlsx">GSNI Tables (Excel)</a></span> <span>(136.27 KB)</span> </div> <div class="field__item"><span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="/sites/default/files/publications/additional-files/2023-06/gsni_2023_technical_note.pdf" type="application/pdf" title="gsni_2023_technical_note.pdf">GSNI Technical Note</a></span> <span>(87.34 KB)</span> </div> <div class="field__item"><span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="/sites/default/files/publications/additional-files/2023-06/gsni_2023_pr_en.pdf" type="application/pdf" title="gsni_2023_pr_en.pdf">GSNI Press Release (English)</a></span> <span>(267.39 KB)</span> </div> <div class="field__item"><span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="/sites/default/files/publications/additional-files/2023-06/gsni_2023_pr_sp.pdf" type="application/pdf" title="gsni_2023_pr_sp.pdf">GSNI Press Release (Spanish)</a></span> <span>(206.79 KB)</span> </div> <div class="field__item"><span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="/sites/default/files/publications/additional-files/2023-06/gsni_2023_pr_fr.pdf" type="application/pdf" title="gsni_2023_pr_fr.pdf">GSNI Press Release (French)</a></span> <span>(228.68 KB)</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-extra-field-citation-and-modal field--type-extra-field field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Citation</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="auto-generated-citation field__item"><p>UNDP (United Nations Development Programme). 2023. 2023 Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI): Breaking down gender biases: Shifting social norms towards gender equality. New York.</p></div> <div class="citation-export-link field__item"><a href="/publication/citation-export/3411" class="use-ajax" data-dialog-renderer="off_canvas" data-dialog-type="dialog" data-dialog-options="{"width":"40%","title":""}">Download/Export Citation</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="publication-content__content cell large-6 xlarge-5 xlarge-offset-1"> <h1 class="h2 display-medium-and-above"><span>2023 Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI)</span> </h1> <h2 class="h3 publication-content__tagline display-medium-and-above">Breaking down gender biases: Shifting social norms towards gender equality</h2> <div class="publication-content__post-date">Posted on: June 12, 2023</div> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><p>Without tackling biased gender social norms, we will not achieve gender equality or the Sustainable Development Goals. Biased gender social norms鈥攖he undervaluation of women鈥檚 capabilities and rights in society鈥攃onstrain women鈥檚 choices and opportunities by regulating behaviour and setting the boundaries of what women are expected to do and be. Biased gender social norms are a major impediment to achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls.</p><p><br>Gender bias is a pervasive problem worldwide. The Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI) quantifies biases against women, capturing people鈥檚 attitudes on women鈥檚 roles along four key dimensions: political, educational, economic and physical integrity. <strong>The index, covering 85 percent of the global population, reveals that close to 9 out of 10 men and women hold fundamental biases against women. </strong>Nearly half the world鈥檚 people believe that men make better political leaders than women do, and two of five people believe that men make better business executives than women do. Gender biases are pronounced in both low and high Human Development Index (HDI) countries. These biases hold across regions, income, level of development and cultures鈥攎aking them a global issue.</p><p> </p><p>The publication of the 2023 GSNI was supported by financial contribution by the Republic of Korea.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="section app-embed"> <div class="section__heading grid-container" data-viewport="true"> <div class="grid-x grid-margin-x"> <h2 class="section__heading-title cell large-8 xlarge-offset-1"> Explore Gender Social Norms Index </h2> </div> </div> <div class="section__content grid-container"> <div id='root'>Application loading...</div> </div> </div> <div class="section body"> <div class="section__content grid-container"> <div class="grid-x"> <p><span>Note: The GSNI draws upon data from 91 countries, encompassing the World Values Survey waves 5 (2005-2009), 6 (2010-2014), and 7 (2017-2022), with the latest update reflecting information as of 12 January 2023.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="section"> <div class="section__content grid-container"> <div class="image"> <div class="img credits-right" data-viewport="true" data-scale-up="true" > <img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1400x/public/images/2023-06/GSNIdiagram2.JPG?itok=IcX3QGoS" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="section articles article-related-content"> <div class="section__content grid-container"> <div class="grid-x grid-margin-x"> <div class="articles__title-col cell xlarge-3 xlarge-offset-1" data-viewport="true"> <h2 class="articles__title"> HDRO <br/>News </h2> <a class="cta-link cta-link--space articles__link" href="/news?field_theme_target_id[16]=16#view-id__find-articles__find-articles" role="button"> <span>See more</span> </a> </div> <div class="articles__items-col cell xlarge-8"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="grid-x grid-margin-x js-view-dom-id-f78ea050a83b06a65e7512a71ed1cf7224a03e4e916eee09daa5fb047d763355"> <div class="cell large-6 views-row"> <article class="teaser__wrapper"> <div class="teaser"> <a href="/content/launching-18-july-paths-equal-twin-indices-womens-empowerment-and-gender-equality" class="teaser__inner"> <div class="teaser__content grid-y grid-padding-y"> <h6 class="teaser__brow">News</h6> <div class="img teaser__image" data-viewport="true" data-scale-up="true" > <img alt="paths_equal_banner.jpg" src="/sites/default/files/styles/400x226/public/images/2023-07/paths_equal_banner.jpg?h=4ffac15b&itok=0iCATA5t" width="400" height="226" loading="lazy" /> </div> <h4 class="teaser__title"><span>Launching on 18 July: The Paths to Equal - Twin Indices on Women鈥檚 Empowerment and Gender Equality</span> </h4> <div class="teaser__subtext"> <span class="teaser__subtext__date">July 17, 2023</span> </div> <div class="teaser__link"> <span class="cta-link cta-link--space">Read more</span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="cell large-6 views-row"> <article class="teaser__wrapper"> <div class="teaser"> <a href="/content/sticky-floors-glass-ceilings-and-biased-barriers-architecture-gender-inequality" class="teaser__inner"> <div class="teaser__content grid-y grid-padding-y"> <h6 class="teaser__brow">Blog</h6> <div class="img teaser__image" data-viewport="true" data-scale-up="true" > <img alt="6948319846_7e08284e4c_newsletter.jpg" src="/sites/default/files/styles/400x226/public/images/2022-04/6948319846_7e08284e4c_newsletter.jpg?h=31fe6877&itok=tlsA8-G9" width="400" height="226" loading="lazy" /> </div> <h4 class="teaser__title"><span>Sticky Floors, Glass Ceilings and Biased Barriers: the architecture of gender inequality</span> </h4> <div class="teaser__subtext"> <span class="teaser__subtext__date">March 06, 2020</span> <span class="teaser__subtext__authors">Pedro Concei莽茫o</span> </div> <div class="teaser__link"> <span class="cta-link cta-link--space">Read more</span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </main> </div> <footer class=footer role="contentinfo"> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="grid-x grid-margin-x"> <div class="cell xlarge-offset-1 xlarge-10 footer__wrapper"> <div class="grid-x footer-head"> <div class="cell large-6 footer__logo"> <a href="https://www.undp.org" rel="home" class="logo"> <img src="/themes/custom/hdro/assets/images/undp-logo-white.svg" alt="UNDP Logo" /> <h5 tabindex="0">United Nations<br />Development Programme</h5> </a> </div> <div class="cell large-4 footer__newsletter"> <div class="sign-up"> <a href="https://visitor.r20.constantcontact.com/manage/optin?v=001uHIazSht99_SmsMvQ6fh7VDbVfe0kU0qRgc7Dsix0Rr7Xmmq8ly1xE1OfgX0nnKyErYLPx_zXjz_dO0mam8z46ZEDNkwmRUjUmVJ9ztI9H7xwu4NjkgZlVuHuAg0kqFDHW47lOZ0psjH2kDRISfe9lNdmlMegk8EDo4Gn7Jqb3A8XSIQMvn42oz1bmcvKGzj" class="icon-link"> <span class="icon icon-email"> <svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path fill="#FFF" d="M26 21.25v-9s-9.1 6.35-9.984 6.68C15.144 18.616 6 12.25 6 12.25v9c0 1.25.266 1.5 1.5 1.5h17c1.266 0 1.5-.22 1.5-1.5zm-.015-10.765c0-.91-.265-1.235-1.485-1.235h-17c-1.255 0-1.5.39-1.5 1.3l.015.14s9.035 6.22 10 6.56c1.02-.395 9.985-6.7 9.985-6.7l-.015-.065z"></path></svg> </span> <span>Subscribe to HDRO Newsletter</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-x grid-margin-x footer-bottom" data-accordion="mobile"> <div class="cell footer-item footer-item__first"> <ul id="footer-menu" class="menu vertical large-horizontal accordion-menu" data-accordion-menu data-submenu-toggle="true" data-multi-open="false"> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded menu-item--active-trail"> <a href="/reports-and-publications" class="menu-item__link__parent" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/6">Reports and Publications</a> <ul id="footer-menu" class="menu vertical large-horizontal accordion-menu" data-accordion-menu data-submenu-toggle="true" data-multi-open="false"> <ul class="menu menu__sub-level footer-links vertical"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/content/human-development-report-2023-24" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3448">Human Development Report 2023-24</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/reports-and-publications/towards-2025-human-development-report" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3453">Towards 2025 Human Development Report</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/content/2024-global-multidimensional-poverty-index-mpi" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3461">2024 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--active-trail"> <a href="/content/2023-gender-social-norms-index-gsni" class="menu-item__link__sub is-active" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3411">2023 Gender Social Norms Index Publication</a> </li> </ul> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/data-center" class="menu-item__link__parent" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2">Data Center</a> <ul id="footer-menu" class="menu vertical large-horizontal accordion-menu" data-accordion-menu data-submenu-toggle="true" data-multi-open="false"> <ul class="menu menu__sub-level footer-links vertical"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/data-center/human-development-index" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/14">Human Development Index</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/data-center/country-insights" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/8">Country Insights</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/data-center/human-climate-horizons-data-and-insights-platform" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3394">Human Climate Horizons data and insights platform</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/data-center/composite-indices" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13">Thematic Composite Indices</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/data-center/documentation-and-downloads" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3304">Documentation and downloads</a> </li> </ul> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/news" class="menu-item__link__parent" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5">News</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/about-hdro" class="menu-item__link__parent" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3">About</a> <ul id="footer-menu" class="menu vertical large-horizontal accordion-menu" data-accordion-menu data-submenu-toggle="true" data-multi-open="false"> <ul class="menu menu__sub-level footer-links vertical"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/hdro-staff" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/4">HDRO Team</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/human-development" title="Human development" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3379">What is Human development?</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/contact-us" class="menu-item__link__sub" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10">Contact us</a> </li> </ul> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="cell footer-item footer-item__last"> <ul class="menu footer-links"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/terms-use" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12">Terms of use</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="menu footer-social footer-social-icons"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/HumanDevelopmentReport" class="facebook icon-link" title="Facebook"> <img src="/themes/custom/hdro/assets/icons/facebook-white.svg" alt="Facebook icon" class="icon"/> <span class="visually-hidden">Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/HDRUNDP" class="twitter icon-link" title="Twitter"> <img src="/themes/custom/hdro/assets/icons/twitter-white.svg" alt="Twitter icon" class="icon"/> <span class="visually-hidden">Twitter</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="footer-copyright"> <p tabindex="0">漏 2024 United Nations Development Programme</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/3411","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJyVkFFywyAMRC-EzZE8MihYCSAqII5vX8bgSdt89Uez-zTSrATWFoZ4aBhivgnHogwL6vtXRWmEJSjH7DwuBZx2rfz1M9zh9RsGtVlhDVLIeMzdrWyPoQTBGqlh7d4SeHZLJosrSGc3Qm-HZC448NYmL00BHF7SdeEpProK2NYu-5FpP9yFYp36hilJG5cRKLAF32Vki1OqqycDhTh2-gEymh-GCu4t_AQepUz8RJFmR7McfsiCkEf4BVLSASi-nbTA0tZ2gq8isJxfyPqDzCcxVM5IrZVY_jE4Hm48Z1QJBJxA2rK2UhP4-U3mGs_T84ZWXWcu55maIhWVj1ww6LUdpp6Ee9ZnndtHq8dvTB_siQ","theme":"hdro","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":[],"gtm":{"tagId":null,"settings":{"data_layer":"dataLayer","include_classes":false,"allowlist_classes":"google\nnonGooglePixels\nnonGoogleScripts\nnonGoogleIframes","blocklist_classes":"customScripts\ncustomPixels","include_environment":false,"environment_id":"","environment_token":""},"tagIds":["GTM-KFGGBT5"]},"gtag":{"tagId":"","otherIds":[],"events":[],"additionalConfigInfo":[]},"hdro_app":{"all_pages_with_app_elements":{"ranks":{"node_id":"8","app_element_id":"ranks","app_element_key":"ranks","url":"\/data-center\/country-insights#\/ranks","base_url":"\/data-center\/country-insights","hash":"#\/ranks"},"hdi":{"node_id":"14","app_element_id":"indicies\/HDI","app_element_key":"hdi","url":"\/data-center\/human-development-index#\/indicies\/HDI","base_url":"\/data-center\/human-development-index","hash":"#\/indicies\/HDI"},"gii":{"node_id":"3300","app_element_id":"indicies\/GII","app_element_key":"gii","url":"\/data-center\/thematic-composite-indices\/gender-inequality-index#\/indicies\/GII","base_url":"\/data-center\/thematic-composite-indices\/gender-inequality-index","hash":"#\/indicies\/GII"},"countries":{"node_id":"3357","app_element_id":"countries","app_element_key":"countries","url":"\/data-center\/specific-country-data#\/countries","base_url":"\/data-center\/specific-country-data","hash":"#\/countries"},"gdi":{"node_id":"3359","app_element_id":"indicies\/GDI","app_element_key":"gdi","url":"\/gender-development-index#\/indicies\/GDI","base_url":"\/gender-development-index","hash":"#\/indicies\/GDI"},"ihdi":{"node_id":"3360","app_element_id":"indicies\/IHDI","app_element_key":"ihdi","url":"\/inequality-adjusted-human-development-index#\/indicies\/IHDI","base_url":"\/inequality-adjusted-human-development-index","hash":"#\/indicies\/IHDI"},"phdi":{"node_id":"3361","app_element_id":"indicies\/PHDI","app_element_key":"phdi","url":"\/planetary-pressures-adjusted-human-development-index#\/indicies\/PHDI","base_url":"\/planetary-pressures-adjusted-human-development-index","hash":"#\/indicies\/PHDI"},"mpi":{"node_id":"3461","app_element_id":"indicies\/MPI","app_element_key":"mpi","url":"\/content\/2024-global-multidimensional-poverty-index-mpi#\/indicies\/MPI","base_url":"\/content\/2024-global-multidimensional-poverty-index-mpi","hash":"#\/indicies\/MPI"},"gsni":{"node_id":"3411","app_element_id":"indicies\/GSNI","app_element_key":"gsni","url":"\/content\/2023-gender-social-norms-index-gsni#\/indicies\/GSNI","base_url":"\/content\/2023-gender-social-norms-index-gsni","hash":"#\/indicies\/GSNI"},"":{"node_id":"3304","app_element_id":"data_exploration","app_element_key":"","url":"\/data-center\/documentation-and-downloads#\/data_exploration","base_url":"\/data-center\/documentation-and-downloads","hash":"#\/data_exploration"}},"module_path_base":"modules\/custom\/hdro_app","module_path":"\/modules\/custom\/hdro_app\/","module_static_media_path":"\/modules\/custom\/hdro_app\/static\/media\/","module_static_css_path":"\/modules\/custom\/hdro_app\/static\/css\/","module_flag_images_path":"\/modules\/custom\/hdro_app\/flags\/","countries_attached_files_base_path":"\/files\/app\/countries\/","app_route_url":"\/data-center\/countries\/app","app_countries_route_url":"\/data-center\/countries\/app%23\/countries","app_indicies_route_url":"\/data-center\/countries\/app%23\/indicies","app_ranks_route_url":"\/data-center\/countries\/app%23ranks","node_with_app_embed":true,"current_page_app_embed_hash_value":"#\/indicies\/GSNI"},"sitewideAlert":{"refreshInterval":120000,"automaticRefresh":true},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"b85f7d26cfc1bf64d8b4a722d293ddb9dcc4312c0050b02733a15646667cbe5e"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_wpzS1sB9HgForXXv9UNkew9UjD7uIo7WszFWQIIPYXI.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=hdro&include=eJyNUkFywyAM_JBtnuSRQcFqAVEhx_HvS4FMps2lF8_uSosWYXBOGdJlYIDlJpx0KldRjGaDgtPuhE3RK-DkmX3AVcEbr_E3Bf-XL_ABj26_MSvKOAqtEqfpTngW075LZHeEMYqi7yBQ-uxIsQYZ9hthcB2CKNmAZcog4AXyXoyTI0NYXspypHxsgcqO7jkA_JgV0RGs51XovMbUjd3V0Ao5mwiUXkxqu9T4vbNaA_u1kMMNeroVHyqwtozFvClLU4bPBh7b_ZfLksLP3mops4wI7Wa26SO9IDgrR9w6T-xwfuuKmI55r50oc5a6D7lGgR2EDnt5sixoPr4OlPpvsMTxhqR41nvPEFB05juKVDo99bXphhLpN-pF7Ik"></script> <script src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js" async></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_E_S17uFKgcnpeVzzP-vt3POHOPO9aIXSBqqEITtCuTU.js?scope=footer&delta=2&language=en&theme=hdro&include=eJyNUkFywyAM_JBtnuSRQcFqAVEhx_HvS4FMps2lF8_uSosWYXBOGdJlYIDlJpx0KldRjGaDgtPuhE3RK-DkmX3AVcEbr_E3Bf-XL_ABj26_MSvKOAqtEqfpTngW075LZHeEMYqi7yBQ-uxIsQYZ9hthcB2CKNmAZcog4AXyXoyTI0NYXspypHxsgcqO7jkA_JgV0RGs51XovMbUjd3V0Ao5mwiUXkxqu9T4vbNaA_u1kMMNeroVHyqwtozFvClLU4bPBh7b_ZfLksLP3mops4wI7Wa26SO9IDgrR9w6T-xwfuuKmI55r50oc5a6D7lGgR2EDnt5sixoPr4OlPpvsMTxhqR41nvPEFB05juKVDo99bXphhLpN-pF7Ik"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/foundation-sites@6.7.4/dist/js/foundation.min.js"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_pGx3jHSsNWhCW2CPQ13tfPtpnJPcPRnIFp4tZBCT72A.js?scope=footer&delta=4&language=en&theme=hdro&include=eJyNUkFywyAM_JBtnuSRQcFqAVEhx_HvS4FMps2lF8_uSosWYXBOGdJlYIDlJpx0KldRjGaDgtPuhE3RK-DkmX3AVcEbr_E3Bf-XL_ABj26_MSvKOAqtEqfpTngW075LZHeEMYqi7yBQ-uxIsQYZ9hthcB2CKNmAZcog4AXyXoyTI0NYXspypHxsgcqO7jkA_JgV0RGs51XovMbUjd3V0Ao5mwiUXkxqu9T4vbNaA_u1kMMNeroVHyqwtozFvClLU4bPBh7b_ZfLksLP3mops4wI7Wa26SO9IDgrR9w6T-xwfuuKmI55r50oc5a6D7lGgR2EDnt5sixoPr4OlPpvsMTxhqR41nvPEFB05juKVDo99bXphhLpN-pF7Ik"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtm.js?slh2cz"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtag.js?slh2cz"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_L56nYOXW4qrUUS8bWcKneGK6lNBPT4b6JcYGg7hBAq4.js?scope=footer&delta=7&language=en&theme=hdro&include=eJyNUkFywyAM_JBtnuSRQcFqAVEhx_HvS4FMps2lF8_uSosWYXBOGdJlYIDlJpx0KldRjGaDgtPuhE3RK-DkmX3AVcEbr_E3Bf-XL_ABj26_MSvKOAqtEqfpTngW075LZHeEMYqi7yBQ-uxIsQYZ9hthcB2CKNmAZcog4AXyXoyTI0NYXspypHxsgcqO7jkA_JgV0RGs51XovMbUjd3V0Ao5mwiUXkxqu9T4vbNaA_u1kMMNeroVHyqwtozFvClLU4bPBh7b_ZfLksLP3mops4wI7Wa26SO9IDgrR9w6T-xwfuuKmI55r50oc5a6D7lGgR2EDnt5sixoPr4OlPpvsMTxhqR41nvPEFB05juKVDo99bXphhLpN-pF7Ik"></script> </body> </html>