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id="toc-Cultivation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultivation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cultivation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultivation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pests_and_diseases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pests_and_diseases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pests and diseases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pests_and_diseases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culinary_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culinary_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Culinary uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culinary_uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culinary uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culinary_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Horseradish_sauce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Horseradish_sauce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Horseradish sauce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Horseradish_sauce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegetable" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegetable"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Vegetable</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegetable-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relation_to_wasabi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relation_to_wasabi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Relation to wasabi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relation_to_wasabi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nutritional_and_biomedical_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nutritional_and_biomedical_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Nutritional and biomedical uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nutritional_and_biomedical_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Related pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Other websites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Horseradish</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 76 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peperwortel" title="Peperwortel – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Peperwortel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%AC%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A" title="فجل الخيل الريفي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فجل الخيل الريفي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmu" title="Olmu – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Olmu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracia_rusticana" title="Armoracia rusticana – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Armoracia rusticana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adi_q%C4%B1t%C4%B1qotu" title="Adi qıtıqotu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Adi qıtıqotu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%92%D8%AA%D9%88" title="عادی قیتیق اوْتو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عادی قیتیق اوْتو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Керән – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Керән" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Хрэн звычайны – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хрэн звычайны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kren" title="Kren – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kren" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hren" title="Hren – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hren" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rave_rustic%C3%A0" title="Rave rusticà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rave rusticà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%C4%95%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Хĕрен – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хĕрен" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracia_rusticana" title="Armoracia rusticana – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Armoracia rusticana" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%99en_selsk%C3%BD" title="Křen selský – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Křen selský" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peberrod" title="Peberrod – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Peberrod" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerrettich" title="Meerrettich – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Meerrettich" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aed-m%C3%A4dar%C3%B5igas" title="Aed-mädarõigas – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aed-mädarõigas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Χρένο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χρένο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horseradish" title="Horseradish – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Horseradish" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Крён – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Крён" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracia_rusticana" title="Armoracia rusticana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Armoracia rusticana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreno" title="Kreno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kreno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errefau_min" title="Errefau min – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Errefau min" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%87%DB%8C" title="ترب کوهی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ترب کوهی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raifort" title="Raifort – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Raifort" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracia_rusticana" title="Armoracia rusticana – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Armoracia rusticana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%A8%EC%9E%90%EB%AC%B4" title="겨자무 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="겨자무" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%AE%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%B9_%D5%BD%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Կծվիչ սովորական – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կծվիչ սովորական" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chr%C4%9Bn" title="Chrěn – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Chrěn" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hren_ljuti" title="Hren ljuti – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hren ljuti" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracio" title="Armoracio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Armoracio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobak_pedas" title="Lobak pedas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lobak pedas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туттургъан – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Туттургъан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piparr%C3%B3t" title="Piparrót – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Piparrót" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracia_rusticana" title="Armoracia rusticana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Armoracia rusticana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94" title="חזרת הגינה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חזרת הגינה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%9B%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Ақжелкек – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ақжелкек" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%B8%D1%80%D3%93%D0%BD" title="Ӹрӓн – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Ӹрӓн" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracia_rusticana" title="Armoracia rusticana – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Armoracia rusticana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81rrutks" title="Mārrutks – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mārrutks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valgomasis_krienas" title="Valgomasis krienas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Valgomasis krienas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rava" title="Rava – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Rava" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mieraedig" title="Mieraedig – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Mieraedig" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torma" title="Torma – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Torma" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Рен – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Рен" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%AC%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%89" title="فجل الخيل الريفى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فجل الخيل الريفى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobak_kuda" title="Lobak kuda – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Lobak kuda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mierik" title="Mierik – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mierik" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5" title="ホースラディッシュ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホースラディッシュ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B6berrut" title="Pöberrut – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Pöberrut" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepperrot" title="Pepperrot – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pepperrot" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peparrot" title="Peparrot – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Peparrot" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracia_rusticana" title="Armoracia rusticana – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Armoracia rusticana" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrzan_pospolity" title="Chrzan pospolity – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chrzan pospolity" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracia_rusticana" title="Armoracia rusticana – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Armoracia rusticana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrean" title="Hrean – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hrean" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Хрен – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хрен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reidcoll" title="Reidcoll – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Reidcoll" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rrepa_pikante" title="Rrepa pikante – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rrepa pikante" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chren_dedinsk%C3%BD" title="Chren dedinský – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chren dedinský" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navadni_hren" title="Navadni hren – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Navadni hren" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Хрен – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хрен" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hren" title="Hren – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hren" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piparjuuri" title="Piparjuuri – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Piparjuuri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepparrot" title="Pepparrot – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pepparrot" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D3%AF%D2%B3%D3%A3" title="Турби кӯҳӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Турби кӯҳӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay%C4%B1r_turpu" title="Bayır turpu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bayır turpu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Хрін звичайний – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хрін звичайний" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cren" title="Cren – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Cren" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracia_rusticana" title="Armoracia rusticana – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Armoracia rusticana" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoracia_rusticana" title="Armoracia rusticana – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Armoracia rusticana" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%A3%E6%A0%B9" title="辣根 – Wu" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Horseradish </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Armoracia_rusticana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Armoracia_rusticana.jpg/220px-Armoracia_rusticana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Armoracia_rusticana.jpg/330px-Armoracia_rusticana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Armoracia_rusticana.jpg/440px-Armoracia_rusticana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="kingdom"><a href="/wiki/Plantae" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantae">Plantae</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(unranked): </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="(unranked)"><a href="/wiki/Angiosperms" class="mw-redirect" title="Angiosperms">Angiosperms</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(unranked): </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="(unranked)"><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(unranked): </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="(unranked)"><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="order"><a href="/wiki/Brassicales" title="Brassicales">Brassicales</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="family"><a href="/wiki/Brassicaceae" title="Brassicaceae">Brassicaceae</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="genus"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armoracia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armoracia (not yet started)">Armoracia</a></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><i>Armoracia rusticana</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Horseradish</b> (<i>Armoracia rusticana</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Perennial_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Perennial plant">perennial plant</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Brassicaceae" title="Brassicaceae">Brassicaceae</a> family. The plant is probably native to southeastern <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and western <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. It grows up to 1.5 metres (5 feet) tall, and is usually grown for its large, white, tapered <a href="/wiki/Root" title="Root">root</a>. </p><p>The unbroken horseradish root has very little smell. When cut or grated, however, <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzymes</a> from the now-broken plant cells causes changes. The enzymes break down <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinigrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinigrin (not yet started)">sinigrin</a> to produce <a href="/w/index.php?title=Allyl_isothiocyanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allyl isothiocyanate (not yet started)">allyl isothiocyanate</a> (mustard oil). This irritates the <a href="/wiki/Mucous_membrane" title="Mucous membrane">mucous membranes</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Paranasal_sinuses" title="Paranasal sinuses">sinuses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eye" title="Eye">eyes.</a> Once exposed to air (by grating) or heat, it needs to be mixed with <a href="/wiki/Vinegar" title="Vinegar">vinegar</a>. Otherwise it becomes unpleasantly bitter-tasting. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: History" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: History"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Horseradish has been cultivated since ancient times. Supposedly, the <a href="/wiki/Delphic_Oracle" class="mw-redirect" title="Delphic Oracle">Delphic Oracle</a> told <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> that the horseradish was worth its weight in gold.<sup id="cite_ref-healingfoods_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-healingfoods-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Horseradish was known in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> in 1500 BC. Both root and leaves were used as a <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. The root was used as a <a href="/wiki/Condiment" title="Condiment">condiment</a> on meats in Germany, Scandinavia, and Britain. It was brought to <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> during Colonial times.<sup id="cite_ref-motherearthnews.com_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-motherearthnews.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The word <i>horseradish</i> is known in English from the 1590's. The root is similar in shape and size to a horse's <a href="/wiki/Genitalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Genitalia">genitalia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-etymonline_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etymonline-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the name, this plant is poisonous to horses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultivation">Cultivation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Cultivation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Cultivation"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Horseradish is a <a href="/wiki/Perennial_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Perennial plant">perennial plant</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hardiness_zones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hardiness zones (not yet started)">hardiness zones</a> 2–9. It can be grown as an <a href="/wiki/Annual_plant" title="Annual plant">annual</a> in other zones. After the first <a href="/wiki/Frost" title="Frost">frost</a> in the autumn kills the leaves, the root is dug out and divided. The main root is harvested for use in the kitchen. One or more large offshoots of the main root are replanted to produce next year's crop. Horseradish left undisturbed in the garden spreads via underground shoots. The plant can become <a href="/wiki/Invasive_species" title="Invasive species">invasive</a>. Older roots left in the ground become woody. They are then no longer useful for cooking. Older plants can be dug out and divided to start new plants.<sup id="cite_ref-motherearthnews.com_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-motherearthnews.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pests_and_diseases">Pests and diseases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Pests and diseases" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Pests and diseases"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kren_Verkauf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Kren_Verkauf.jpg/220px-Kren_Verkauf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Kren_Verkauf.jpg/330px-Kren_Verkauf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Kren_Verkauf.jpg/440px-Kren_Verkauf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2049" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Sections of roots of the horseradish plant</figcaption></figure> <p>The larvae of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pieris_rapae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pieris rapae (not yet started)">Pieris rapae</a></i> are a common <a href="/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar">caterpillar</a> pest in horseradish gardens. They are called cabbageworms. The adults are white <a href="/wiki/Butterfly" title="Butterfly">butterflies</a> with black spots on the forewings. They are seen flying around the plants during the day. The caterpillars are green with faint yellow stripes running lengthwise down the back and sides. Full grown caterpillars are about 1-inch (25 mm) in length. They move slowly when poked. They overwinter in green pupal cases. Adults start appearing in gardens after the last frost and are a problem through the remainder of the growing season. There are three to five overlapping generations a year. Mature caterpillars chew large, ragged holes in the leaves leaving the large veins intact. Handpicking is effective for control.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culinary_uses">Culinary uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Culinary uses" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Culinary uses"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Allyl-isothiocyanate-2D-skeletal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Allyl-isothiocyanate-2D-skeletal.png/220px-Allyl-isothiocyanate-2D-skeletal.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Allyl-isothiocyanate-2D-skeletal.png/330px-Allyl-isothiocyanate-2D-skeletal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Allyl-isothiocyanate-2D-skeletal.png/440px-Allyl-isothiocyanate-2D-skeletal.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="422" /></a><figcaption>Allyl isothiocyanate is the pungent ingredient in fresh horseradish sauce.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cooks use the terms "horseradish" or "prepared horseradish" to refer to the grated root of the horseradish plant mixed with vinegar. Prepared horseradish is white to creamy-beige in colour. It will keep for months refrigerated but eventually will darken, indicating it is losing flavour and should be replaced. The leaves of the plant, while edible, are not commonly eaten, and are referred to as "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish_greens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horseradish greens (not yet started)">horseradish greens</a>". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Horseradish_sauce">Horseradish sauce</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Horseradish sauce" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Horseradish sauce"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Horseradish sauce made from grated horseradish root and vinegar is a popular condiment. In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> it is usually served with roast beef, often as part of a traditional <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunday_roast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunday roast (not yet started)">Sunday roast</a>. It can also be used in a number of other dishes, including <a href="/wiki/Sandwich" title="Sandwich">sandwiches</a> or <a href="/wiki/Salad" title="Salad">salads</a>. A variation of horseradish sauce, which in some cases may substitute the vinegar with other products like lemon juice or <a href="/wiki/Citric_acid" title="Citric acid">citric acid</a>, is known in Germany as <i>Tafelmeerrettich</i>. Also popular in the UK is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tewkesbury_mustard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tewkesbury mustard (not yet started)">Tewkesbury mustard</a>, a blend of mustard and grated horseradish originating in medieval times and mentioned by <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a> (<a href="/wiki/Falstaff" title="Falstaff">Falstaff</a> says: "his wit's as thick as Tewkesbury Mustard" in Henry IV Part II<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). A very similar mustard, called <i>Krensenf</i> or <i>Meerrettichsenf</i>, is popular in <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and parts of Eastern Germany. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, the term "horseradish sauce" refers to grated horseradish combined with <a href="/wiki/Mayonnaise" title="Mayonnaise">mayonnaise</a> or salad dressing. Prepared horseradish is a common <a href="/wiki/Ingredient" title="Ingredient">ingredient</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bloody_Mary_(cocktail)" title="Bloody Mary (cocktail)">Bloody Mary</a> cocktails and in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocktail_sauce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cocktail sauce (not yet started)">cocktail sauce</a>, and is used as a sauce or sandwich spread. </p><p>The distinctive pungent <a href="/wiki/Taste" title="Taste">taste</a> of horseradish is from the compound <a href="/w/index.php?title=Allyl_isothiocyanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allyl isothiocyanate (not yet started)">allyl isothiocyanate</a>. Upon crushing the flesh of horseradish, the <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzyme</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Myrosinase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myrosinase (not yet started)">myrosinase</a> is released and acts on the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glucosinolate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glucosinolate (not yet started)">glucosinolates</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinigrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinigrin (not yet started)">sinigrin</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gluconasturtiin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gluconasturtiin (not yet started)">gluconasturtiin</a>, which are precursors to the allyl isothiocyanate. The allyl isothiocyanate serves the plant as a <a href="/wiki/Insecticide#Antifeedants" title="Insecticide">natural defense</a> against <a href="/wiki/Herbivore" title="Herbivore">herbivores</a>. Since allyl isothiocyanate is harmful to the plant itself, it is stored in the harmless form of the glucosinolate, separate from the myrosinase enzyme. When an animal chews the plant, the allyl isothiocyanate is released, repelling the animal.<sup id="cite_ref-Cole_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cole-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allyl isothiocyanate is an unstable compound, degrading over the course of days at 37 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of this instability, horseradish sauces lack the pungency of the freshly crushed roots. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vegetable">Vegetable</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: Vegetable" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Vegetable"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Central and Eastern Europe horseradish is called <i>khreyn</i> (in various spellings like <i>kren</i>) in many Slavic languages, in <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, in parts of <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (where the other German name <i>Meerrettich</i> is not used), in North-East Italy, and in Yiddish (כריין translitered as <i>khreyn</i>). There are two varieties of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khreyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khreyn (not yet started)">khreyn</a>. "Red" khreyn is mixed with red <a href="/wiki/Beet" title="Beet">beet</a> (beetroot) and "white" khreyn contains no beet. It is popular in <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> (under the name of <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">хрін</span></span>, <i>khrin</i>), in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> (under the name of <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">chrzan</i></span>), in Lithuania (krienai) in the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> (<span title="Czech-language text"><i lang="cs">křen</i></span>), in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">хрен</span></span>, <i>khren</i>), in <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> (<span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">torma</i></span>), in <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> (<span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">hrean</i></span>), in <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> (<span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">хрян</span></span>, <i>khryan</i>), in <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> (<span title="Sinhala-language text"><i lang="si">hren</i></span>, <i>hren</i>) and in Slovakia (under the name of <span title="Slovak-language text"><i lang="sk">chren</i></span>). Having this on the table is a part of Christian <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a> and Jewish <a href="/wiki/Passover" title="Passover">Passover</a> tradition in Eastern and Central Europe. A variety with red beet is called <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">ćwikła z chrzanem</i></span> or simply <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%86wik%C5%82a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ćwikła (not yet started)">ćwikła</a> in Poland. In <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashkenazi">Ashkenazi</a> European Jewish cooking <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chrain (not yet started)">beet horseradish</a> is commonly served with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gefilte_fish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gefilte fish (not yet started)">gefilte fish</a>. Red beet with horseradish is also used as a salad served with lamb dishes at Easter called <i>sfecla cu hrean</i> in Transylvania and other Romanian regions. Horseradish (often grated and mixed with cream, hard-boiled eggs, or apples) is also a traditional <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a> dish in <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> and in the adjacent <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> region of <a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a>; it is used also in the other nearby Italian region of <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> freshly grated horseradish(Croatian: Hren) is often eaten with boiled <a href="/wiki/Ham" title="Ham">ham</a> or <a href="/wiki/Beef" title="Beef">beef</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> <i>ren</i> is an essential condiment with cooked meat and freshly roasted suckling pig. </p><p>Horseradish is also used as a main ingredient for soups. In the Polish region of <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>, horseradish soup is a common <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter Day</a> dish.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relation_to_wasabi">Relation to wasabi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Change section: Relation to wasabi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Relation to wasabi"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Japanese condiment <a href="/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi">wasabi</a>, although traditionally prepared from the wasabi plant, is now usually made with horseradish because the wasabi plant is rare.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Japanese plant name for horseradish is <i>seiyōwasabi</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">セイヨウワサビ, 西洋山葵</span></span>)</span>, or "Western wasabi". Both plants are in the family <a href="/wiki/Brassicaceae" title="Brassicaceae">Brassicaceae</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nutritional_and_biomedical_uses">Nutritional and biomedical uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Change section: Nutritional and biomedical uses" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Nutritional and biomedical uses"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Horseradish has compounds that have health benefits.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Horseradish contains volatile oils, notably mustard oil. This oil has antibacterial properties.<sup id="cite_ref-Cole_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cole-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fresh plant also contains average 79.31 mg of <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">vitamin C</a> per 100 g of raw horseradish.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzyme</a> horseradish peroxidase (HRP), found in the plant, is used extensively in <a href="/wiki/Molecular_biology" title="Molecular biology">molecular biology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biochemistry" title="Biochemistry">biochemistry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegetables" title="List of vegetables">List of vegetables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi">Wasabi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-healingfoods-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-healingfoods_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMurrayLara_Pizzorno,_Joseph_E._Pizzorno2005" class="citation book cs1">Murray, Michael T.; Lara Pizzorno, Joseph E. Pizzorno (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofhe0000murr"><i>The Encyclopedia of Healing Foods</i></a>. New York. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7434-8052-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7434-8052-9"><bdi>978-0-7434-8052-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Healing+Foods&rft.place=New+York&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-7434-8052-9&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Michael+T.&rft.au=Lara+Pizzorno%2C+Joseph+E.+Pizzorno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofhe0000murr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AHorseradish" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|agency=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-motherearthnews.com-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-motherearthnews.com_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-motherearthnews.com_2-1">2.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFPleasant2003" class="citation cs2">Pleasant, Barbara (October 2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927230321/http://www.motherearthnews.com/Organic-Gardening/2003-10-01/Horseradish.aspx"><i>Horseradish</i></a>, Mother Earth News, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.motherearthnews.com/Organic-Gardening/2003-10-01/Horseradish.aspx">the original</a> on 2007-09-27<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-01</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Horseradish&rft.pub=Mother+Earth+News&rft.date=2003-10&rft.aulast=Pleasant&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherearthnews.com%2FOrganic-Gardening%2F2003-10-01%2FHorseradish.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AHorseradish" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-etymonline-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-etymonline_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFHarper" class="citation web cs1">Harper, Douglas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=horseradish&searchmode=none">"Online Etymology Dictionary: horseradish"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary%3A+horseradish&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fallowed_in_frame%3D0%26search%3Dhorseradish%26searchmode%3Dnone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AHorseradish" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070622104240/http://horseradishplants.com/cgi-bin/store/grow.html">"How to Grow Horseradish"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://horseradishplants.com/cgi-bin/store/grow.html">the original</a> on 2007-06-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Grow+Horseradish&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhorseradishplants.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Fstore%2Fgrow.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AHorseradish" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFSuzanne_Wold-Burkness_and_Jeff_Hahn" class="citation web cs1">Suzanne Wold-Burkness and Jeff Hahn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.extension.umn.edu/yardandgarden/ygbriefs/e253caterpillarpestscole.html">"Caterpillar Pests of Cole Crops in Home Gardens"</a>. University of Minnesota<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-09-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Caterpillar+Pests+of+Cole+Crops+in+Home+Gardens&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota&rft.au=Suzanne+Wold-Burkness+and+Jeff+Hahn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.extension.umn.edu%2Fyardandgarden%2Fygbriefs%2Fe253caterpillarpestscole.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AHorseradish" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link since January 2021">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/plays/play_view.php?WorkID=henry4p2&Act=2&Scene=4&Scope=scene&LineHighlight=1521#1521">"Henry IV, Part II, Scene 4"</a>. opensourceshakespeare.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Henry+IV%2C+Part+II%2C+Scene+4&rft.pub=opensourceshakespeare.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opensourceshakespeare.org%2Fviews%2Fplays%2Fplay_view.php%3FWorkID%3Dhenry4p2%26Act%3D2%26Scene%3D4%26Scope%3Dscene%26LineHighlight%3D1521%231521&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AHorseradish" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cole-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cole_7-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cole_7-1">7.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Rosemary A. Cole "Isothiocyanates, nitriles and thiocyanates as products of autolysis of glucosinolates in <i>Cruciferae</i>" Phytochemutry, 1976. Vol. 15, pp. 759-762. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0031-9422%2800%2994437-6">10.1016/S0031-9422(00)94437-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Yoshio Ohta, Kenichi Takatani, Shunro Kawakishi "Decomposition Rate of Allyl Isothiocyanate in Aqueous Solution" Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry 1995, , volume 59, pp. 102-103. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1271%2Fbbb.59.102">10.1271/bbb.59.102</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110930150641/http://culture.polishsite.us/articles/art83.html">"Horseradish Soup Recipe Updated with Photographs – Polish Easter Food"</a>. Culture.polishsite.us. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://culture.polishsite.us/articles/art83.html">the original</a> on 2011-09-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-07-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Horseradish+Soup+Recipe+Updated+with+Photographs+%E2%80%93+Polish+Easter+Food&rft.pub=Culture.polishsite.us&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fculture.polishsite.us%2Farticles%2Fart83.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AHorseradish" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFArnaud2010" class="citation journal cs1">Arnaud, Celia Henry (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cen.acs.org/articles/88/i12/Wasabi.html">"Wasabi:In condiments, horseradish stands in for the real thing"</a>. <i>Chemical & Engineering News</i>. <b>88</b> (12). American Chemical Society: 48. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fcen-v088n043.p048">10.1021/cen-v088n043.p048</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+%26+Engineering+News&rft.atitle=Wasabi%3AIn+condiments%2C+horseradish+stands+in+for+the+real+thing&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=48&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fcen-v088n043.p048&rft.aulast=Arnaud&rft.aufirst=Celia+Henry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcen.acs.org%2Farticles%2F88%2Fi12%2FWasabi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AHorseradish" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Albrecht U., Goos K.-H., Schneider B."A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a herbal medicinal product containing Tropaeoli majoris herba (Nasturtium) and Armoraciae rusticanae radix (Horseradish) for the prophylactic treatment of patients with chronically recurrent lower urinary tract infections." <i>Current Medical Research and Opinion.</i> 23 (10) (pp 2415-2422), 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rinzler, Carol Ann: "Book of Herbs and Spices", Wordsworth Editions, Ware, England, 1997 (pages 82–83), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85326-390-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85326-390-7">1-85326-390-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">K. Wedelsbäck Bladha & K. M. Olssonb "Introduction and use of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) as food and medicine from antiquity to the present: Emphasis on the nordic countries". <i>Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants</i>. 17 (3) (pp 197-213), 2011.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horseradish&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671870">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information on: <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Horseradish" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Special:Search/Horseradish">Horseradish</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.horseradishfestival.com">International Horseradish Festival</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.horseradish.org">Horseradish Information Council</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://herbsocietydelawarevalleyunit.org/herbOfTheYear.php">Herb Society of America Herb of the Year 2011</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150526025822/http://www.herbsocietydelawarevalleyunit.org/herbOfTheYear.php">Archived</a> 2015-05-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122492">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output 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title="Basil">Basil</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Ocimum_tenuiflorum" title="Ocimum tenuiflorum">Basil, holy</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Thai_basil" title="Thai basil">Basil, Thai</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Bay_leaf" title="Bay leaf">Bay leaf</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Boldo" title="Boldo">Boldo</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Bolivian_coriander" title="Bolivian coriander">Bolivian coriander</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Borage" title="Borage">Borage</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Chervil" title="Chervil">Chervil</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Chives" title="Chives">Chives</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Cicely" title="Cicely">Cicely</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">Coriander leaf (cilantro)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Garden_cress" title="Garden cress">Cress</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Curry_Tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Curry Tree">Curry leaf</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Dill" title="Dill">Dill</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elsholtzia_ciliata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elsholtzia ciliata (not yet started)">Elsholtzia ciliata</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Epazote&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epazote (not yet started)">Epazote</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eryngium_foetidum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eryngium foetidum (not yet started)">Eryngium foetidum (long coriander)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">Hemp</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Hoja_santa" title="Hoja santa">Hoja santa</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Houttuynia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Houttuynia (not yet started)">Houttuynia cordata (<i>giấp cá</i>)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Hyssop" title="Hyssop">Hyssop</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Lavender" title="Lavender">Lavender</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Lemon_balm" title="Lemon balm">Lemon balm</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Cymbopogon" title="Cymbopogon">Lemon grass</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Lemon_verbena" title="Lemon verbena">Lemon verbena</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Limnophila_aromatica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limnophila aromatica (not yet started)">Limnophila aromatica (rice paddy herb)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Lovage" title="Lovage">Lovage</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Marjoram" title="Marjoram">Marjoram</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Mentha" title="Mentha">Mint</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptotaenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptotaenia (not yet started)">Mitsuba</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Oregano" title="Oregano">Oregano</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">Parsley</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Perilla" title="Perilla">Perilla (<i>shiso</i>)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Rosemary" title="Rosemary">Rosemary</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Common_Rue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Common Rue (not yet started)">Rue</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Common_sage" title="Common sage">Sage</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Savory_(herb)" title="Savory (herb)">Savory</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Sorrel" title="Sorrel">Sorrel</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Tarragon" title="Tarragon">Tarragon</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">Thyme</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vietnamese_Coriander&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vietnamese Coriander (not yet started)">Vietnamese coriander (<i>rau răm</i>)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Woodruff" title="Woodruff">Woodruff</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spices" class="mw-redirect" title="Spices">Spices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajwain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajwain (not yet started)">Ajwain (bishop's weed)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleppo_pepper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleppo pepper (not yet started)">Aleppo pepper</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Allspice" title="Allspice">Allspice</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Mango#Usage_as_food" title="Mango">Amchur (mango powder)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Anise" title="Anise">Anise</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaempferia_galanga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaempferia galanga (not yet started)">Aromatic ginger</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asafoetida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asafoetida (not yet started)">Asafoetida</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinnamomum_camphora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinnamomum camphora (not yet started)">Camphor</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Caraway" title="Caraway">Caraway</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Cardamom" title="Cardamom">Cardamom</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Black_cardamom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Black cardamom (not yet started)">Cardamom, black</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cassia (not yet started)">Cassia</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">Cayenne pepper</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Celery" title="Celery">Celery seed</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Chenpi" title="Chenpi">Chenpi</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">Chili</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">Cinnamon</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Clove" title="Clove">Clove</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">Coriander seed</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Cubeb" title="Cubeb">Cubeb</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Cumin" title="Cumin">Cumin</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bunium_persicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bunium persicum (not yet started)">Cumin, black</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Dill" title="Dill">Dill & dill seed</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Fennel" title="Fennel">Fennel</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Fenugreek" title="Fenugreek">Fenugreek</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boesenbergia_rotunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boesenbergia rotunda (not yet started)">Fingerroot (<i>krachai</i>)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpinia_galanga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpinia galanga (not yet started)">Galangal, greater</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lesser_galangal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lesser galangal (not yet started)">Galangal, lesser</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">Ginger</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Golpar" title="Golpar">Golpar</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aframomum_melegueta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aframomum melegueta (not yet started)">Grains of Paradise</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Grains_of_Selim" title="Grains of Selim">Grains of Selim</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Horseradish</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Juniper_berry" title="Juniper berry">Juniper berry</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Liquorice" title="Liquorice">Liquorice</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">Mace</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahlab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahlab (not yet started)">Mahlab</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malabathrum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malabathrum (not yet started)">Malabathrum (<i>tejpat</i>)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Mastic" title="Mastic">Mastic</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Brassica_nigra" class="mw-redirect" title="Brassica nigra">Mustard, black</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Brassica_juncea" title="Brassica juncea">Mustard, brown</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=White_Mustard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="White Mustard (not yet started)">Mustard, white</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Nigella_sativa" title="Nigella sativa">Nigella (<i>kalonji</i>)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">Nutmeg</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">Paprika</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">Peppercorn (black, green & white)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Long_pepper" title="Long pepper">Pepper, long</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Schinus_terebinthifolius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schinus terebinthifolius (not yet started)">Pepper, Brazilian</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Schinus_molle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schinus molle (not yet started)">Pepper, Peruvian</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate seed (<i>anardana</i>)</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Poppy" title="Poppy">Poppy seed</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">Saffron</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Sarsaparilla" title="Sarsaparilla">Sarsaparilla</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Sassafras" title="Sassafras">Sassafras</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame">Sesame</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Sichuan_pepper" title="Sichuan pepper">Sichuan pepper</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Star_anise" title="Star anise">Star anise</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Sumac" title="Sumac">Sumac</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Tasmannia" title="Tasmannia">Tasmanian pepper</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Tamarind" title="Tamarind">Tamarind</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Tonka_bean" title="Tonka bean">Tonka bean</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Turmeric" title="Turmeric">Turmeric</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Vanilla" title="Vanilla">Vanilla</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi">Wasabi</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Zedoary" title="Zedoary">Zedoary</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Zest_(ingredient)" title="Zest (ingredient)">Zest</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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