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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cassidian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cassidian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Cassidian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cassidian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post_merger_(2013–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post_merger_(2013–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Post merger (2013–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post_merger_(2013–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Aircraft</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aircraft-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Aircraft subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tankers_and_transport_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tankers_and_transport_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Tankers and transport aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tankers_and_transport_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fighter_and_attack_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fighter_and_attack_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Fighter and attack aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fighter_and_attack_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unmanned_aerial_vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unmanned_aerial_vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Unmanned aerial vehicles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unmanned_aerial_vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Experimental_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Experimental_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Experimental aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Experimental_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ballistic_missiles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ballistic_missiles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Ballistic missiles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ballistic_missiles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Space_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Space_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Space systems</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Space_systems-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Space systems subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Space_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Launchers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Launchers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Launchers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Launchers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_Space_Station" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Space_Station"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>International Space Station</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Space_Station-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Space_transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Space_transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Space transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Space_transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Astronomy_and_cosmology_missions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Astronomy_and_cosmology_missions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Astronomy and cosmology missions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Astronomy_and_cosmology_missions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Solar_observation_missions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solar_observation_missions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Solar observation missions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solar_observation_missions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planetary_science_missions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planetary_science_missions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Planetary science missions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planetary_science_missions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earth_observation_satellites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earth_observation_satellites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Earth observation satellites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earth_observation_satellites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Telecommunication_satellites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Telecommunication_satellites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Telecommunication satellites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Telecommunication_satellites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spaceplane" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spaceplane"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Spaceplane</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spaceplane-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rocket_engines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rocket_engines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>Rocket engines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rocket_engines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-One_Atlas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#One_Atlas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>One Atlas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-One_Atlas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Starlab_joint_venture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Starlab_joint_venture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>Starlab joint venture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Starlab_joint_venture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Airbus Defence and Space</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B5_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="إيرباص للدفاع والفضاء – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إيرباص للدفاع والفضاء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defendo_kaj_Kosmo" title="Airbus Defendo kaj Kosmo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Airbus Defendo kaj Kosmo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%81%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="ایرباس دیفنس اند اسپیس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایرباس دیفنس اند اسپیس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%96%B4%EB%B2%84%EC%8A%A4_%EB%94%94%ED%8E%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EC%95%A4%EB%93%9C_%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="에어버스 디펜스 앤드 스페이스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에어버스 디펜스 앤드 스페이스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%98%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%95%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%9C" title="איירבוס ביטחון וחלל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איירבוס ביטחון וחלל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%A2%E3%83%90%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" title="エアバス・ディフェンス・アンド・スペース – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エアバス・ディフェンス・アンド・スペース" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_%26_Space" title="Airbus Defence & Space – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Airbus Defence & Space" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Airbus Defence and Space" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Airbus Defence and Space</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Airbus_logo_2017.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Airbus_logo_2017.png/220px-Airbus_logo_2017.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Airbus_logo_2017.png/330px-Airbus_logo_2017.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Airbus_logo_2017.png/440px-Airbus_logo_2017.png 2x" data-file-width="1771" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Division_(business)" title="Division (business)">Division</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Aerospace</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Arms_industry" title="Arms industry">Defence</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Military" title="Airbus Military">Airbus Military</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrium" title="Astrium">Astrium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassidian" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassidian">Cassidian</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassidian" class="extiw" title="de:Cassidian">de</a>]</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">January 2014<span class="noprint">; 11 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">January 2014</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Toulouse" title="Toulouse">Toulouse</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Michael Schoellhorn (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-eoc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eoc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft" title="Military aircraft">Military aircraft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch vehicles">launch vehicles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft" title="Spacecraft">spacecraft</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Services</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Computer_security" title="Computer security">Cyber security</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military intelligence</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €11.2 billion<sup id="cite_ref-FS_2022_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FS_2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> EU-€118 million (2022)</li><li>EU€568 million (2021)</li></ul></div><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €111.13 billion<sup id="cite_ref-FS_2016_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FS_2016-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2016)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">40,000<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/CRISA" title="CRISA">CRISA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spot_Image" title="Spot Image">Spot Image</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tesat-Spacecom" title="Tesat-Spacecom">Tesat-Spacecom</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Airbus Defence and Space</b> is a division of <a href="/wiki/Airbus_SE" class="mw-redirect" title="Airbus SE">Airbus SE</a>. Formed in 2014 in the restructuring of European Aeronautic Defence and Space (EADS), Airbus SE comprises the former <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Military" title="Airbus Military">Airbus Military</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrium" title="Astrium">Astrium</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cassidian" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassidian">Cassidian</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassidian" class="extiw" title="de:Cassidian">de</a>]</span> divisions.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contributing 21% of <a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a> revenues in 2016, it is the second largest space company in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-applications.airbus-group.com_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-applications.airbus-group.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_of_EADS_and_expansion_(1997–2008)"><span id="Formation_of_EADS_and_expansion_.281997.E2.80.932008.29"></span>Formation of EADS and expansion (1997–2008)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Formation of EADS and expansion (1997–2008)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a></div> <p>As early as 1995, the German aerospace and defence company <a href="/wiki/DaimlerChrysler_Aerospace" class="mw-redirect" title="DaimlerChrysler Aerospace">DaimlerChrysler Aerospace</a> (DASA) and its British counterpart <a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace" title="British Aerospace">British Aerospace</a> were said to be eager to create a transnational aerospace and defence company.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two companies envisaged including the French corporation <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale" title="Aérospatiale">Aérospatiale</a> — another major European aerospace company — in the project, but only after its privatization, as it was owned by the French state.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the merger faltered, and British Aerospace abandoned the DASA merger in favour of purchasing its domestic rival, <a href="/wiki/Marconi_Electronic_Systems" title="Marconi Electronic Systems">Marconi Electronic Systems</a>, which was the electronics division of <a href="/wiki/General_Electric_Company_plc" class="mw-redirect" title="General Electric Company plc">General Electric Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The merger of British Aerospace and MES to form <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a> was announced on 19 January 1999 and completed on 30 November.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-scotsman2000_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scotsman2000-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/DASA" title="DASA">DASA</a> and the Spanish aircraft company <a href="/wiki/CASA_(aircraft_manufacturer)" title="CASA (aircraft manufacturer)">CASA</a> agreed to merge on 11 June 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 14 October 1999 DASA agreed to merge with <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale" title="Aérospatiale">Aérospatiale</a> (which had itself merged with the French conglomerate <a href="/wiki/Matra" title="Matra">Matra</a> to become <b>Aérospatiale-Matra</b> earlier that year) to create the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 10 July 2000 was "Day One" for the new company, which became the world's second-largest aerospace company after <a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a> and the second-largest European <a href="/wiki/Arms_industry" title="Arms industry">arms manufacturer</a> after BAE Systems.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2001 Airbus Industries was transformed from an inherently dysfunctional consortium structure to a formal joint stock company, with legal and tax procedures being finalized on 11 July.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-awst_formation_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-awst_formation-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 June 2003, EADS acquired BAE's 25 % share in <a href="/wiki/Astrium" title="Astrium">Astrium</a>, the satellite and space system manufacturer, to become the sole owner. EADS paid £84 million for the deal. However, due to the loss-making status of BAE, EADS invested an equal amount for "restructuring".<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was subsequently renamed <a href="/wiki/Astrium" title="Astrium">Astrium</a>, and had the divisions <a href="/wiki/Astrium_Satellites" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrium Satellites">Astrium Satellites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrium_Space_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrium Space Transportation">Astrium Space Transportation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Astrium_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrium Services">Astrium Services</a>. </p><p>On 1 July 2003, EADS Defence and Security Systems was founded with the merger of the activities of missile systems (LFK), defence electronics, military aircraft and telecommunications of the EADS Group. Tom Enders became the first CEO of the new division. </p><p>Airbus Defence and Space has its main office in <a href="/wiki/Taufkirchen_(bei_M%C3%BCnchen)" title="Taufkirchen (bei München)">Taufkirchen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is led by chief executive officer <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.airbus.com/en/our-governance/michael-schoellhorn">Michael Schoellhorn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eoc_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eoc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company consists of three program lines: Military Air Systems (MiAS), Connected Intelligence (CI) and Space Systems. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Airbus_Military">Airbus Military</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Airbus Military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Military" title="Airbus Military">Airbus Military</a></div> <p>The predecessor company was established in January 1999 as the Airbus Military Company SAS to manage the <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A400M" class="mw-redirect" title="Airbus A400M">Airbus A400M</a> project, taking over from the <a href="/wiki/Euroflag" title="Euroflag">Euroflag</a> consortium. In May 2003, the company was restructured as Airbus Military Sociedad Limitada (AMSL) prior to the execution of the production contract. The Military Transport Aircraft Division (MTAD) was a division of EADS that designs, manufactures and commercializes <a href="/wiki/EADS-CASA" class="mw-redirect" title="EADS-CASA">EADS-CASA</a> light and medium transport aircraft, headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1999, Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA (CASA) in the EADS Group (European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company) was incorporated. In Spain, it is still referred to as EADS-CASA. The EADS-CASA division Military Transport Aircraft Division (MTA division) was also responsible for the development, production and sales of the leichten- and medium Transport and utility aircraft within the EADS Group. On 16 December 2008, EADS announced that the Military Transport Aircraft Division (MTA division) and Airbus Military SL (AMSL) as a new business unit in the Airbus SAS integrated. <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Military" title="Airbus Military">Airbus Military</a> was formally created in April 2009 by the integration of the former Military Transport Aircraft Division (MTAD) and Airbus Military Sociedad Limitada (AMSL) into Airbus. The division manufactured tanker, transport, and mission aircraft, including <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A330_MRTT" title="Airbus A330 MRTT">Airbus A330 MRTT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A400M" class="mw-redirect" title="Airbus A400M">Airbus A400M</a>, <a href="/wiki/CASA_C-212_Aviocar" title="CASA C-212 Aviocar">CASA C-212 Aviocar</a>, <a href="/wiki/CASA/IPTN_CN-235" title="CASA/IPTN CN-235">CASA/IPTN CN-235</a> and <a href="/wiki/EADS_CASA_C-295" title="EADS CASA C-295">EADS CASA C-295</a>. After the merger, it also acquired the production of <a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon" title="Eurofighter Typhoon">Eurofighter Typhoon</a>, which was earlier under Cassidian. <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurocopter">Eurocopter</a>, which was previously under Airbus Military, was reorganized as <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters" title="Airbus Helicopters">Airbus Helicopters</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Astrium">Astrium</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Astrium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Astrium" title="Astrium">Astrium</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Astrium" title="Astrium">Astrium</a> was formed in 2000 by the merger of <a href="/wiki/Matra_Marconi_Space" title="Matra Marconi Space">Matra Marconi Space</a> (itself formed from French and British companies) with the space division of <a href="/wiki/DASA" title="DASA">DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG</a> and <a href="/wiki/CRISA" title="CRISA">Computadores Redes e Ingeniería SA</a>. Henceforth Astrium was a joint venture between EADS and <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a>. On 16 June 2003 the minority shareholder, BAE Systems, sold its 25% share to EADS, making EADS the sole shareholder. Astrium became <b>EADS Astrium Satellites</b> and in a wider restructuring became the major constituent of <b>EADS Astrium</b>, which also included <b>EADS Astrium Space Transportation</b> and <b>EADS Astrium Services</b>. In this restructuring the former Astrium Space Infrastructure division merged with EADS Launchers & Vehicles division to form EADS SPACE Transportation, which became later EADS Astrium Space Transportation. Also, <b>Paradigm Secure Communications</b>, initially created by Astrium in the frame of the <a href="/wiki/Skynet_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Skynet 5">Skynet 5</a> contract for the UK <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Ministry of defence</a> became the major constituent of EADS SPACE Services. CASA Espacio became part of EADS Astrium on 1 January 2004. EADS Astrium was the sole shareholder of <a href="/wiki/Infoterra_Ltd" title="Infoterra Ltd">Infoterra Ltd</a>. On 1 July 2006, the French subsidiary of EADS Astrium, EADS Astrium SAS, merged with other French subsidiaries of EADS Space (especially EADS Space Transportation). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cassidian">Cassidian</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cassidian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>EADS Defence & Security Systems was founded on 1 July 2003. In it, the activities of missile systems (LFK-Lenkflugkörpersysteme GmbH), defence electronics, military aircraft and <a href="/wiki/Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications">telecommunications</a> of the EADS Group were merged. On 17 September 2010 the company name was changed to Cassidian, an amalgamation of the Latin words Cassida (helmet) and meridian. It focused on worldwide protection and security. Cassidian was further subdivided into <a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">Missiles</a> (missile systems), defence Electronics (defence electronics, such as sensors, electronics and mission avionics), Cassidian Air Systems (production and maintenance of military aircraft) Defence & Communication Systems (defence and Communications Systems) and Services (military service). In 2012 a new division was incorporated as Cassidian Cybersecurity GmbH, headquartered in Ottobrunn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post_merger_(2013–present)"><span id="Post_merger_.282013.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Post merger (2013–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Post merger (2013–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Airbus Defence and Space was formed in 2013 as a result of the merger of <a href="/wiki/Astrium" title="Astrium">Astrium</a>, Cassidian, and the <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Military" title="Airbus Military">Airbus Military</a> divisions of European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS) which was itself reorganized as <a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 January 2014, the parent company EADS was restructured as <a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a>, comprising three <a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">subsidiary</a> companies that include Airbus Defence and Space, <a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters" title="Airbus Helicopters">Airbus Helicopters</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 September 2014, after a detailed and comprehensive portfolio assessment, Airbus Defence and Space defined Space (Launchers & Satellites), Military Aircraft, Missiles and related Systems and Services as its future core businesses. Some business areas were identified as divestment candidates as they did not fit the strategic goals for the company. Under this plan, the commercial and para-public communication business (including Professional Mobile Radio and commercial satellite communications services activities) was divested. Subsidiaries and J.V. including Fairchild Communications, Rostock System-Technik, AVdef, ESG and Atlas Electronik were divested.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 18 March 2016 the company decided to sell its defence electronics business (Defence Electronics) based in Ulm to <a href="/wiki/Kohlberg_Kravis_Roberts" title="Kohlberg Kravis Roberts">Kohlberg Kravis Roberts</a>, a global investment firm with a wide-ranging portfolio including <a href="/wiki/Hospital_Corporation_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Hospital Corporation of America">Hospital Corporation of America</a>, <a href="/wiki/NXP_Semiconductors" title="NXP Semiconductors">NXP Semiconductors</a>, <a href="/wiki/TDC_A/S" class="mw-redirect" title="TDC A/S">TDC A/S</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dollar_General" title="Dollar General">Dollar General</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From January 1, 2017. the group reorganized under the brand name of "Airbus". The subsidiaries <a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters" title="Airbus Helicopters">Airbus Helicopters</a> and Airbus Defence and Space became operating divisions of the same company.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2022, Airbus Defence and Space acquired the <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">German</a>-based cryptography and communication systems company, DSI Datensicherheit GmbH.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" style="font-size:88%; line-height:1.2em; text-align:center; margin:0"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="11"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1045256916">.mw-parser-output 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style="text-align:left; width:8%; border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">Dec 2006 </td> <td style="text-align:left; width:8%; border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">Apr 2009 </td> <td style="text-align:left; width:8%; border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">Sep 2010 </td> <td style="text-align:left; width:8%; border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">Jan 2014 </td> <td style="text-align:left; width:8%; border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">May 2015 </td> <td style="text-align:left; width:8%; border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">Jan 2017 </td> <td style="text-align:left; width:8%; border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">Apr 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#ABBAF4; border-left:3px solid #ABBAF4; height:25px"><a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus"><span style="color:black;">European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company NV</span></a> </td> <td style="background:#9BAAE7"><a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus"><span style="color:black;">Airbus Group NV</span></a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#8A9AD9"><a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus"><span style="color:black;">Airbus Group SE</span></a> </td> <td rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="background:#3b57d1"><a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus"><span style="color:white;">Airbus SE</span></a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #3b57d1, white); padding:0">   </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7; background:yellow"><a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus"><span style="color:black;">Airbus Industrie GIE</span></a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#FFD741"><a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus"><span style="color:black;">Airbus SAS</span></a> </td> <td colspan="1" style="background:#8A9AD9">  </td> <td style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #yellow, white); padding:0">   </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#FFD741">  </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#FFE37A"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:black;">Airbus Military SAS</span></a> </td> <td colspan="5" rowspan="3" style="background:#FFA281"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:black;">Airbus Defence and Space SAS</span></a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #FFA281, white); padding:0">   </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#FFA8A2; border-left:3px solid #ABBAF4"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:black;">EADS Defence and Security</span></a> </td> <td style="background:#FF8C83"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:black;">Cassidian SAS</span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td colspan="3" style="background:#ABBAF4; border-left:3px solid #ABBAF4"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:black;">Astrium SAS</span></a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background:#FF9890"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:black;">EADS Astrium SAS</span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#9EF4B1; border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7"><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters" title="Airbus Helicopters"><span style="color:black;">Eurocopter SA</span></a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:lightgreen"><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters" title="Airbus Helicopters"><span style="color:black;">Eurocopter SAS</span></a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#79E491;"><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters" title="Airbus Helicopters"><span style="color:black;">Airbus Helicopters SAS</span></a> </td> <td style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #79E491, white); padding:0">   </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td> <td style="border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7">  </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Airbus Defence and Space is structured into four business lines:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Military Aircraft is responsible for <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter aircraft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airlift" title="Airlift">airlifters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aerial_refuelling" class="mw-redirect" title="Aerial refuelling">aerial refuelling</a> tankers, and airborne warfare systems. <ul><li>Global strike</li> <li>Mobility</li> <li>Surveillance and engagement</li> <li>Missiles and unmanned airborne systems</li></ul></li> <li>Space Systems is responsible for <a href="/wiki/Space_exploration" title="Space exploration">Space exploration</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missile_defense" title="Missile defense">missile defence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satellite" title="Satellite">satellites</a>, other networking services and also the <a href="/wiki/Orion_(spacecraft)" title="Orion (spacecraft)">Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (Orion MPCV)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Space_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Station">Space Station</a> programmes. <ul><li>Earth observation</li> <li>Navigation</li> <li>Strategic missile and defence systems</li> <li>Network and tactical systems</li> <li>Space and intelligence systems</li> <li>Space exploration</li></ul></li> <li>Connected Intelligence is responsible for providing intelligence to various <a href="/wiki/Security_agency" title="Security agency">governmental agencies</a>. <ul><li>Secure communications solutions for the military, government and institutional players and users</li> <li>Airbus Cyber Security</li> <li>Airbus DS Communications – a North American public safety company</li></ul></li> <li>Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aircraft">Aircraft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tankers_and_transport_aircraft">Tankers and transport aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tankers and transport aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Airbus Defence and Space has designed tankers and transport aircraft for military purposes. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Airbus_A330-200_MRTT_Royal_Australian_Air_Force_(RAAF)_(ASY)_EC-330_-_MSN_747_-_Will_be_A39-001_(2974213502).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Airbus_A330-200_MRTT_Royal_Australian_Air_Force_%28RAAF%29_%28ASY%29_EC-330_-_MSN_747_-_Will_be_A39-001_%282974213502%29.jpg/250px-Airbus_A330-200_MRTT_Royal_Australian_Air_Force_%28RAAF%29_%28ASY%29_EC-330_-_MSN_747_-_Will_be_A39-001_%282974213502%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Airbus_A330-200_MRTT_Royal_Australian_Air_Force_%28RAAF%29_%28ASY%29_EC-330_-_MSN_747_-_Will_be_A39-001_%282974213502%29.jpg/330px-Airbus_A330-200_MRTT_Royal_Australian_Air_Force_%28RAAF%29_%28ASY%29_EC-330_-_MSN_747_-_Will_be_A39-001_%282974213502%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Airbus_A330-200_MRTT_Royal_Australian_Air_Force_%28RAAF%29_%28ASY%29_EC-330_-_MSN_747_-_Will_be_A39-001_%282974213502%29.jpg/500px-Airbus_A330-200_MRTT_Royal_Australian_Air_Force_%28RAAF%29_%28ASY%29_EC-330_-_MSN_747_-_Will_be_A39-001_%282974213502%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="857" /></a><figcaption>First Airbus A330 MRTT</figcaption></figure><p> The Airbus <a href="/wiki/A330_Multi-Role_Tanker_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="A330 Multi-Role Tanker Transport">A330 Multi Role Tanker Transport</a> (MRTT) is an <a href="/wiki/Aerial_refueling" title="Aerial refueling">aerial refueling</a> tanker aircraft based on the civilian <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A330" title="Airbus A330">Airbus A330</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The A330 MRTT has been ordered by several countries, however the firsts orders were from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Air_Force" title="Royal Australian Air Force">Royal Australian Air Force</a> (RAAF), <a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Force" title="Royal Saudi Air Force">Royal Saudi Air Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_Air_Force" title="United Arab Emirates Air Force">United Arab Emirates Air Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> (RAF) and <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Singapore_Air_Force" title="Republic of Singapore Air Force">Republic of Singapore Air Force</a> (RSAF). The <a href="/wiki/EADS/Northrop_Grumman_KC-45" title="EADS/Northrop Grumman KC-45">EADS/Northrop Grumman KC-45</a> was a version of the A330 MRTT proposed for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a>.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A400M.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/A400M.jpg/250px-A400M.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/A400M.jpg/330px-A400M.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/A400M.jpg/500px-A400M.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1996" data-file-height="1564" /></a><figcaption>Airbus A400M Atlas</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A400M_Atlas" title="Airbus A400M Atlas">Airbus A400M Atlas</a><sup id="cite_ref-Official_naming_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Official_naming-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a four-engine <a href="/wiki/Turboprop" title="Turboprop">turboprop</a> <a href="/wiki/Military_transport_aircraft" title="Military transport aircraft">military transport aircraft</a>. It was designed by <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Military" title="Airbus Military">Airbus Military</a> (now Airbus Defence and Space) as a <a href="/wiki/Tactical_airlift" class="mw-redirect" title="Tactical airlift">tactical airlifter</a> with <a href="/wiki/Strategic_airlift" class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic airlift">strategic</a> capabilities to replace older transport aircraft, such as the <a href="/wiki/Transall_C-160" title="Transall C-160">Transall C-160</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">Lockheed C-130 Hercules</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The A400M is positioned, in terms of size, between the C-130 and the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-17_Globemaster_III" title="Boeing C-17 Globemaster III">C-17</a>; it can carry heavier loads than the C-130, and is able to use rough landing strips. Along with the transport role, the A400M can perform <a href="/wiki/Aerial_refuelling" class="mw-redirect" title="Aerial refuelling">aerial refueling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medical_evacuation" title="Medical evacuation">medical evacuation</a> when fitted with appropriate equipment. </p><p> The <a href="/wiki/CASA_C-212_Aviocar" title="CASA C-212 Aviocar">CASA C-212 Aviocar</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Turboprop" title="Turboprop">turboprop</a>-powered <a href="/wiki/STOL" title="STOL">STOL</a> medium transport aircraft designed and built by <a href="/wiki/Construcciones_Aeron%C3%A1uticas_SA" class="mw-redirect" title="Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA">CASA</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> for civil and military use. C-212s are also produced under license in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> by <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Aerospace" title="Indonesian Aerospace">Indonesian Aerospace</a> (IAe), formerly called <a href="/wiki/IPTN" class="mw-redirect" title="IPTN">IPTN</a>. The design was initially marketed under the name of <i>Aviocar</i>, a name gradually discontinued by EADS-CASA.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Casa.cn-235m-100.35-24.spanishaf.arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Casa.cn-235m-100.35-24.spanishaf.arp.jpg/220px-Casa.cn-235m-100.35-24.spanishaf.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Casa.cn-235m-100.35-24.spanishaf.arp.jpg/330px-Casa.cn-235m-100.35-24.spanishaf.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Casa.cn-235m-100.35-24.spanishaf.arp.jpg/440px-Casa.cn-235m-100.35-24.spanishaf.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2716" data-file-height="1992" /></a><figcaption>CN-235M-100</figcaption></figure><p> The <a href="/wiki/CASA/IPTN_CN-235" title="CASA/IPTN CN-235">CASA/IPTN CN-235</a> is a medium-range twin-engine transport aircraft that was jointly developed by Spanish company <a href="/wiki/Construcciones_Aeron%C3%A1uticas_SA" class="mw-redirect" title="Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA">Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA</a> (CASA) and <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesian</a> manufacturer <a href="/wiki/IPTN" class="mw-redirect" title="IPTN">IPTN</a>, as a regional airliner and military transport. Its primary military roles include <a href="/wiki/Maritime_patrol" title="Maritime patrol">maritime patrol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surveillance" title="Surveillance">surveillance</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Military_transport_aircraft" title="Military transport aircraft">air transport</a>. Its largest customer is <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, which has 59 aircraft.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Polish_Air_Force_CASA_C-295M_Lofting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Polish_Air_Force_CASA_C-295M_Lofting.jpg/220px-Polish_Air_Force_CASA_C-295M_Lofting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Polish_Air_Force_CASA_C-295M_Lofting.jpg/330px-Polish_Air_Force_CASA_C-295M_Lofting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Polish_Air_Force_CASA_C-295M_Lofting.jpg/440px-Polish_Air_Force_CASA_C-295M_Lofting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="849" /></a><figcaption>C-295M</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/EADS_CASA_C-295" title="EADS CASA C-295">EADS CASA C-295</a> is a twin-<a href="/wiki/Turboprop" title="Turboprop">turboprop</a> tactical military transport aircraft, and is currently manufactured by Airbus Defence and Space in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fighter_and_attack_aircraft">Fighter and attack aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Fighter and attack aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Airbus Defence and Space has also created <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Attack_aircraft" title="Attack aircraft">attack aircraft</a>.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RSAF_Typhoon_at_Malta_-_Gordon_Zammit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/RSAF_Typhoon_at_Malta_-_Gordon_Zammit.jpg/220px-RSAF_Typhoon_at_Malta_-_Gordon_Zammit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/RSAF_Typhoon_at_Malta_-_Gordon_Zammit.jpg/330px-RSAF_Typhoon_at_Malta_-_Gordon_Zammit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/RSAF_Typhoon_at_Malta_-_Gordon_Zammit.jpg/440px-RSAF_Typhoon_at_Malta_-_Gordon_Zammit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>Eurofighter Typhoon</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon" title="Eurofighter Typhoon">Eurofighter Typhoon</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Twinjet" title="Twinjet">twin-engine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canard_(aeronautics)" title="Canard (aeronautics)">canard</a>-<a href="/wiki/Delta_wing" title="Delta wing">delta wing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Multirole_combat_aircraft" title="Multirole combat aircraft">multirole fighter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Typhoon was designed and is manufactured by a <a href="/wiki/Consortium" title="Consortium">consortium</a> of <a href="/wiki/Alenia_Aermacchi" title="Alenia Aermacchi">Alenia Aermacchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a> and <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a> that conducts the majority of the project through a joint <a href="/wiki/Holding_company" title="Holding company">holding company</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_GmbH" title="Eurofighter GmbH">Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH</a>, formed in 1986. <a href="/wiki/NATO_Eurofighter_and_Tornado_Management_Agency" title="NATO Eurofighter and Tornado Management Agency">NATO Eurofighter and Tornado Management Agency</a> manages the project and is the prime customer.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another attack aircraft, the <a href="/wiki/New_Generation_Fighter" class="mw-redirect" title="New Generation Fighter">New Generation Fighter</a> (NGF), is currently under development as part of the <a href="/wiki/Future_Combat_Air_System" title="Future Combat Air System">Future Combat Air System</a> (FCAS). To complement this, the Airbus Future Jet Trainer (AFJT), is also being designed to be the FCAS fighter/attack trainer.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unmanned_aerial_vehicles">Unmanned aerial vehicles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Unmanned aerial vehicles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Airbus Defence and Space also manufactures <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">unmanned aerial vehicles</a> (UAVs). </p><p><b>Tracker</b> is a short-range mini UAS/UAV with two low noise electric engines operated by a two-man team. This fully automatic unmanned aircraft can be deployed in all weather conditions, flat terrain, mountainous areas or urban environments. </p><p><a href="/wiki/EADS_Barracuda" title="EADS Barracuda">Barracuda</a> is a multi-sensor system, designed as a demonstrator for test missions such as fast reconnaissance, surveillance, targeting and battle damage assessment, and is used as a testbed for future aerial systems technologies and procedures. </p><p>European HALE <a href="/wiki/RPAS" class="mw-redirect" title="RPAS">RPAS</a> is a long-endurance aerial drone system designed for surveillance, reconnaissance and target acquisition. The main purpose of the European UAS is to provide wide-area ground and maritime surveillance along with reconnaissance of specific areas. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_RQ-4_Global_Hawk" title="Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk">Euro Hawk</a> was based on the <a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman" title="Northrop Grumman">Northrop Grumman</a> RQ-4B Block 20/30/40 and was to be equipped with an Airbus Defence and Space-built <a href="/wiki/Signal_intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Signal intelligence">SIGINT</a> package; it was intended to fulfil Germany's requirement to replace their aging <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Aviation" title="Dassault Aviation">Dassault-Breguet</a> <a href="/wiki/Breguet_Atlantique" class="mw-redirect" title="Breguet Atlantique">Atlantique</a> electronic surveillance aircraft of the <i><a href="/wiki/Marineflieger" title="Marineflieger">Marineflieger</a></i> (the German naval air arm). The EADS sensor package is composed of six wing-mounted pods;<sup id="cite_ref-DID_RQ-4_EuroHawk_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DID_RQ-4_EuroHawk-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reportedly these sensor pods could potentially be used on other platforms, including manned aircraft. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Luftwaffe_99-01_RQ-4B_EuroHawk_ILA_2012_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Luftwaffe_99-01_RQ-4B_EuroHawk_ILA_2012_1.jpg/220px-Luftwaffe_99-01_RQ-4B_EuroHawk_ILA_2012_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Luftwaffe_99-01_RQ-4B_EuroHawk_ILA_2012_1.jpg/330px-Luftwaffe_99-01_RQ-4B_EuroHawk_ILA_2012_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Luftwaffe_99-01_RQ-4B_EuroHawk_ILA_2012_1.jpg/440px-Luftwaffe_99-01_RQ-4B_EuroHawk_ILA_2012_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1575" /></a><figcaption>Euro Hawk</figcaption></figure><p><b>DVF 2000 VT</b> is a short-range mini UAS/UAV with a low noise electric motor. It is an unmanned aircraft for maritime and land surveillance. </p><p><b>KZO</b> is a tactical UAS with a two-stroke gasoline engine. It is an unmanned aircraft for high-speed reconnaissance missions. The gathered information is immediately available and can quickly be distributed in the command structure. </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/EADS_Harfang" title="EADS Harfang">Harfang</a></b> is a medium-altitude long-endurance UAS for joint armed forces. It can fulfil a wide range of missions, from surveillance to sensitive peacekeeping. Harfang provides real-time information and can be controlled either manually from the ground control station or autonomously. </p><p><b>ATLANTE</b> is a tactical unmanned aerial system for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance missions by day and night for ground forces. </p><p>In March 2023, Airbus announced the company have achieved in-flight autonomous guidance and control of a drone using an A310 MRTT. The company stated the aim of the technology is to achieve Autonomous Air-to-Air refueling (A4R) and Autonomous Formation Flight for the development of future aerial operations for both manned and unmanned assets.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2024, Airbus unveiled a mock for the <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Wingman" title="Airbus Wingman">Airbus Wingman</a>, an unmanned <a href="/wiki/Loyal_wingman" class="mw-redirect" title="Loyal wingman">loyal wingman</a> fighter aircraft designed to accompany the <a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon" title="Eurofighter Typhoon">Eurofighter Typhoon</a>, at the 2024 <a href="/wiki/ILA_Berlin_Air_Show" title="ILA Berlin Air Show">ILA Berlin Air Show</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Experimental_aircraft">Experimental aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Experimental aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Airbus Defence and Space has a series of experimental aircraft called <b><a href="/wiki/Qinetiq_Zephyr" class="mw-redirect" title="Qinetiq Zephyr">Zephyr</a></b>, to which they are specifically a series of lightweight solar-powered <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">UAV</a> originally designed and built in 2003 by the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a> company <a href="/wiki/QinetiQ" class="mw-redirect" title="QinetiQ">QinetiQ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC20030624_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC20030624-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The development of the aircraft is ongoing and currently part of the Airbus High Altitude Pseudo-Satellite (HAPS) programme.<sup id="cite_ref-Airbus20130923_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Airbus20130923-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is intended to provide both surveillance and connectivity solutions for months at a time.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ballistic_missiles">Ballistic missiles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Ballistic missiles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2016, Airbus and Safran agreed that their joint venture would work on upgrading the <a href="/wiki/M51_(missile)" title="M51 (missile)">M51</a> submarine-launched ballistic missile to the M51.3 standard for the French Navy.<sup id="cite_ref-M51_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M51-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Space_systems">Space systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Space systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Launchers">Launchers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Launchers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ariane-44lp.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ariane-44lp.gif/250px-Ariane-44lp.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ariane-44lp.gif/330px-Ariane-44lp.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ariane-44lp.gif/440px-Ariane-44lp.gif 2x" data-file-width="465" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 4</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ariane_5ES_with_ATV_4_on_its_way_to_ELA-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Ariane_5ES_with_ATV_4_on_its_way_to_ELA-3.jpg/250px-Ariane_5ES_with_ATV_4_on_its_way_to_ELA-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Ariane_5ES_with_ATV_4_on_its_way_to_ELA-3.jpg/330px-Ariane_5ES_with_ATV_4_on_its_way_to_ELA-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Ariane_5ES_with_ATV_4_on_its_way_to_ELA-3.jpg/500px-Ariane_5ES_with_ATV_4_on_its_way_to_ELA-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">Ariane 5</a></figcaption></figure><p><a href="/wiki/Ariane_(rocket_family)" title="Ariane (rocket family)">Ariane</a> is a series of a European civilian <a href="/wiki/Expendable_launch_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Expendable launch vehicle">expendable launch vehicles</a> for space launch operated from 1973 onwards. It is a collaboration between France, Germany and the UK. The Ariane project was code-named L3S (the French abbreviation for third-generation substitution launcher). The <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA) charged the EADS subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Astrium" title="Astrium">Astrium</a>, presently Airbus Defence and Space, with the development of all Ariane launchers and of the testing facilities, while <a href="/wiki/Arianespace" title="Arianespace">Arianespace</a>, a 32.5% <a href="/wiki/CNES" title="CNES">CNES</a> commercial subsidiary created in 1980, handles production, operations and marketing. Arianespace launches Ariane rockets from the <a href="/wiki/Guiana_Space_Centre" title="Guiana Space Centre">Guiana Space Centre</a> at <a href="/wiki/Kourou" title="Kourou">Kourou</a> in <a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">Ariane 5</a> completed its 74th consecutive successful mission in October 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-sf101-20160824_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sf101-20160824-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_Space_Station">International Space Station</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: International Space Station"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Automated_Transfer_Vehicle" title="Automated Transfer Vehicle">Automated Transfer Vehicle</a>, originally Ariane Transfer Vehicle (ATV), was an expendable <a href="/wiki/Automated_cargo_spacecraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Automated cargo spacecraft">cargo spacecraft</a> developed by the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA).<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ATVs supplied the <a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a> (ISS) with propellant, water, air, payloads, and experiments. ATVs also <a href="/wiki/Reboost" title="Reboost">reboosted</a> the station into a higher <a href="/wiki/Orbit" title="Orbit">orbit</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_ATV-2_-_cropped_and_rotated.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/View_of_ATV-2_-_cropped_and_rotated.jpg/220px-View_of_ATV-2_-_cropped_and_rotated.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/View_of_ATV-2_-_cropped_and_rotated.jpg/330px-View_of_ATV-2_-_cropped_and_rotated.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/View_of_ATV-2_-_cropped_and_rotated.jpg/440px-View_of_ATV-2_-_cropped_and_rotated.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3344" data-file-height="2520" /></a><figcaption>ATV</figcaption></figure><p><b><a href="/wiki/Columbus_(ISS_module)" title="Columbus (ISS module)">Columbus</a></b> is a science laboratory that is part of the <a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a> (ISS) and is the largest single contribution to the ISS made by the European Space Agency (ESA). The functional architecture (including software) of the lab was designed by Airbus Defence and Space in <a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> where it was also integrated before being flown to the <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a> (KSC) in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> in an <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Beluga" title="Airbus Beluga">Airbus Beluga</a>. It was launched aboard <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis"><i>Atlantis</i></a> on 7 February 2008 on flight <a href="/wiki/STS-122" title="STS-122">STS-122</a>. </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Columbus_module_-_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Columbus_module_-_cropped.jpg/250px-Columbus_module_-_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Columbus_module_-_cropped.jpg/330px-Columbus_module_-_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Columbus_module_-_cropped.jpg/500px-Columbus_module_-_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3828" data-file-height="2555" /></a><figcaption>Columbus ISS Module</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Space_transportation">Space transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Space transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/European_Service_Module" title="European Service Module">Orion service module</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Service_module" title="Service module">service module</a> component of the <a href="/wiki/Orion_(spacecraft)" title="Orion (spacecraft)">Orion</a> spacecraft, serving as its primary power and propulsion component until it is discarded at the end of each mission. In January 2013, <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> announced that the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA) will construct the service module for <a href="/wiki/Artemis_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis 1">Artemis 1</a>, replacing the previous design. Based on ESA's <a href="/wiki/Automated_Transfer_Vehicle" title="Automated Transfer Vehicle">Automated Transfer Vehicle</a> (ATV), the new design is also known as the European service module (ESM). The service module supports the crew module from launch through separation prior to reentry. It provides in-space propulsion capability for orbital transfer, attitude control, and high-altitude ascent aborts. It provides the water and oxygen needed for a habitable environment, generates and stores electrical power, and maintains the temperature of the vehicle's systems and components. This module can also transport unpressurized cargo and scientific payloads. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Orion_Service_Module.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Orion_Service_Module.jpg/250px-Orion_Service_Module.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Orion_Service_Module.jpg/330px-Orion_Service_Module.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Orion_Service_Module.jpg/500px-Orion_Service_Module.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Orion service module</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Astronomy_and_cosmology_missions">Astronomy and cosmology missions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Astronomy and cosmology missions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Euclid_(spacecraft)" title="Euclid (spacecraft)">Euclid</a> (developed jointly with <a href="/wiki/Thales_Alenia_Space" title="Thales Alenia Space">Thales Alenia Space</a>) is a space mission currently under development by the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA). The objective of Euclid is to better understand <a href="/wiki/Dark_energy" title="Dark energy">dark energy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dark_matter" title="Dark matter">dark matter</a> by accurately measuring the <a href="/wiki/Accelerating_universe" class="mw-redirect" title="Accelerating universe">acceleration of the universe</a>. To achieve this, the spacecraft will measure the <a href="/wiki/Redshift" title="Redshift">redshift</a> of galaxies at varying distances from Earth and investigate the relationship between distance and redshift. </p><p><a href="/wiki/LISA_Pathfinder" title="LISA Pathfinder">LISA Pathfinder</a>, formerly Small Missions for Advanced Research in Technology-2 (SMART-2), is an <a href="/wiki/ESA" class="mw-redirect" title="ESA">ESA</a> spacecraft that was launched on 3 December 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-esapr_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-esapr-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mission will test technologies needed for the <a href="/wiki/Evolved_Laser_Interferometer_Space_Antenna" class="mw-redirect" title="Evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna">Evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna</a> (eLISA), an ESA <a href="/wiki/Gravitational_wave" title="Gravitational wave">gravitational wave</a> observatory planned to be launched in 2034. The scientific phase started on 8 March 2016 and will last 6 months.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maquette_de_Gaia_salon_du_Bourget_2013_DSC_0191.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Maquette_de_Gaia_salon_du_Bourget_2013_DSC_0191.JPG/250px-Maquette_de_Gaia_salon_du_Bourget_2013_DSC_0191.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Maquette_de_Gaia_salon_du_Bourget_2013_DSC_0191.JPG/330px-Maquette_de_Gaia_salon_du_Bourget_2013_DSC_0191.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Maquette_de_Gaia_salon_du_Bourget_2013_DSC_0191.JPG/500px-Maquette_de_Gaia_salon_du_Bourget_2013_DSC_0191.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2804" data-file-height="2786" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gaia_(spacecraft)" title="Gaia (spacecraft)">Gaia (spacecraft)</a></figcaption></figure><p><b><a href="/wiki/Gaia_(spacecraft)" title="Gaia (spacecraft)">Gaia</a></b> is a <a href="/wiki/Space_observatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Space observatory">space observatory</a> of the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA) designed for <a href="/wiki/Astrometry" title="Astrometry">astrometry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ESA-Gaia_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ESA-Gaia-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mission aims to construct the largest and most precise 3D space catalog ever made and totaling approximately 1 billion <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_object" title="Astronomical object">astronomical objects</a>, mainly stars but also planets, comets, asteroids and quasars among others. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Solar_observation_missions">Solar observation missions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Solar observation missions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Solar_Orbiter" title="Solar Orbiter">Solar Orbiter</a> (SolO) is a <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>-observing <a href="/wiki/Satellite" title="Satellite">satellite</a>, developed by the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA). The mission was launched with an <a href="/wiki/Atlas_V" title="Atlas V">Atlas V</a> from the Cape Canaveral AFS in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> at 5:03 <a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">Central European Time</a> (CET) on 10 February 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SolO is intended to perform detailed measurements of the inner <a href="/wiki/Heliosphere" title="Heliosphere">heliosphere</a> and nascent <a href="/wiki/Solar_wind" title="Solar wind">solar wind</a>, and perform close observations of the polar regions of the Sun, which is difficult to do from <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>, both serving to answer the question 'How does the Sun create and control the heliosphere?' The Solar Orbiter will make observations of the Sun from an eccentric orbit moving as close as ~60 <a href="/wiki/Solar_radius" title="Solar radius">solar radii (R<sub>S</sub>)</a>, or 0.284 <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit">astronomical units</a> (AU), placing it inside <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>'s perihelion of 0.3075 AU and providing it with the closest ever views of the Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Planetary_science_missions">Planetary science missions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Planetary science missions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin_(rover)" title="Rosalind Franklin (rover)">ExoMars rover</a> is a planned robotic <a href="/wiki/Mars_rover" title="Mars rover">Mars rover</a>, part of the international <a href="/wiki/ExoMars" title="ExoMars">ExoMars</a> programme led by the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> and the Russian <a href="/wiki/Roscosmos_State_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Roscosmos State Corporation">Roscosmos State Corporation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Vago_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vago-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AP-20140327_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-20140327-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plan calls for a Russian launch vehicle, an ESA carrier module and a <a href="/wiki/ExoMars_2018_surface_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="ExoMars 2018 surface platform">Russian lander</a> that will deploy the rover to Mars's surface.<sup id="cite_ref-space20130314_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-space20130314-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/ExoMars_Trace_Gas_Orbiter" class="mw-redirect" title="ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter">ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter</a>, launched in 2016, will operate as the rover's data-relay satellite.<sup id="cite_ref-spacenews20120926_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spacenews20120926-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The spacecraft was scheduled to launch in July 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/BepiColombo" title="BepiColombo">BepiColombo</a> is a joint mission of the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA) and the <a href="/wiki/JAXA" title="JAXA">Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency</a> (JAXA) to the planet <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Amos_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amos-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mission comprises two satellites which were launched together: the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) and the Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO). The mission will perform a comprehensive study on Mercury, including its <a href="/wiki/Magnetic_field" title="Magnetic field">magnetic field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnetosphere" title="Magnetosphere">magnetosphere</a>, interior structure and surface. The launch on an <a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">Ariane 5</a> took place on 20 October 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-ESA_PR_28-2018_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ESA_PR_28-2018-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mission was approved in February 2007 as part of the <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Vision" title="Cosmic Vision">Cosmic Vision</a> programme. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Icy_Moons_Explorer" title="Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer">Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer</a> (JUICE) is an active <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA) spacecraft designed by Airbus Defence and Space to visit the <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jovian</a> system, focused on studying three of Jupiter's <a href="/wiki/Galilean_moons" title="Galilean moons">Galilean moons</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(moon)" title="Ganymede (moon)">Ganymede</a>, <a href="/wiki/Callisto_(moon)" title="Callisto (moon)">Callisto</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Europa_(moon)" title="Europa (moon)">Europa</a> (excluding the more volcanically active <a href="/wiki/Io_(moon)" title="Io (moon)">Io</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-l1_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-l1-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It will characterize these three worlds, all of which are thought to have significant bodies of liquid water beneath their surfaces, making them <a href="/wiki/Planetary_habitability" title="Planetary habitability">potentially habitable</a> environments. The selection of this mission for the L1 launch slot of ESA's <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Vision" title="Cosmic Vision">Cosmic Vision</a> science programme was announced on 2 May 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-selection_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-selection-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is currently in its cruise phase. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Venus_Express_in_orbit_(crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Venus_Express_in_orbit_%28crop%29.jpg/250px-Venus_Express_in_orbit_%28crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Venus_Express_in_orbit_%28crop%29.jpg/330px-Venus_Express_in_orbit_%28crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Venus_Express_in_orbit_%28crop%29.jpg/500px-Venus_Express_in_orbit_%28crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="873" data-file-height="698" /></a><figcaption>Venus Express</figcaption></figure><p><a href="/wiki/Venus_Express" title="Venus Express">Venus Express</a> was the first <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> exploration mission of the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA). Launched in November 2005, it arrived at Venus in April 2006 and began continuously sending back science data from its polar orbit around Venus.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Equipped with seven scientific instruments, the main objective of the mission was the long-term observation of the Venusian <a href="/wiki/Atmosphere" title="Atmosphere">atmosphere</a>. The observation over such long periods of time had never been done in previous missions to Venus and was key to a better understanding of the atmospheric dynamics. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mars_Express" title="Mars Express">Mars Express</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Space_exploration" title="Space exploration">space exploration</a> mission being conducted by the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA).<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Mars Express mission is exploring the planet <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> and is the first planetary mission attempted by the agency.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosetta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Rosetta.jpg/220px-Rosetta.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Rosetta.jpg/330px-Rosetta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Rosetta.jpg/440px-Rosetta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1177" data-file-height="478" /></a><figcaption>Rosetta</figcaption></figure><p><a href="/wiki/Rosetta_(spacecraft)" title="Rosetta (spacecraft)">Rosetta</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">space probe</a> built by the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> launched on 2 March 2004. Along with <i><a href="/wiki/Philae_(spacecraft)" title="Philae (spacecraft)">Philae</a></i>, its lander module, <i>Rosetta</i> performed a detailed study of <a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">comet</a> <a href="/wiki/67P/Churyumov%E2%80%93Gerasimenko" title="67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko">67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko</a> (67P).<sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20140630_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20140630-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20140805_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20140805-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During its journey to the comet, the spacecraft <a href="/wiki/Planetary_flyby" title="Planetary flyby">flew by</a> Mars and the <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroids</a> <a href="/wiki/21_Lutetia" title="21 Lutetia">21 Lutetia</a> and <a href="/wiki/2867_%C5%A0teins" title="2867 Šteins">2867 Šteins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-philaemars20070225_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philaemars20070225-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Auster2010_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auster2010-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earth_observation_satellites">Earth observation satellites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Earth observation satellites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Airbus Defence and Space is the world's largest supplier of Earth observation systems with more than fifty satellites launched and 18 more under construction.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following are some of their artificial satellites </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TerraSAR-X" title="TerraSAR-X">TerraSAR-X</a> NG: A next-generation development based on the <a href="/wiki/TerraSAR-X" title="TerraSAR-X">TerraSAR-X</a> mission.</li> <li>AstroBus-L: A platform suited for high-performance Earth observation satellites such as the <a href="/wiki/Pleiades_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleiades (satellite)">Pleiades Twin</a> satellites and the <a href="/wiki/SPOT_(satellite)" title="SPOT (satellite)">SPOT</a> satellite system.</li> <li>Xpress: Low-cost synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite system particularly suitable for surveillance applications in a constellation concept.</li> <li>AstroBus-S: Earth observation satellites for very-high-resolution (VHR) applications.</li> <li>AstroBus-XS: Modernized and enhanced version of the very successful <a href="/wiki/Myriade" title="Myriade">Myriade</a>-based satellite family.</li> <li>Oberon satellites: synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites for <a href="/wiki/British_military_intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="British military intelligence">British military intelligence</a>.</li></ul> <p>Some of the major satellite systems built are: <a href="/wiki/Envisat" title="Envisat">Envisat</a> (the world's largest civilian Earth observation satellite.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/Living_Planet_Programme" title="Living Planet Programme">Earth Explorers</a> such as <a href="/wiki/GOCE" title="GOCE">GOCE</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gravity_Recovery_and_Climate_Experiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment">GRACE</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swarm_(spacecraft)" title="Swarm (spacecraft)">Swarm</a>, <a href="/wiki/EarthCARE" title="EarthCARE">EarthCARE</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copernicus_Programme" title="Copernicus Programme">Sentinel Missions</a>, <a href="/wiki/MetOp" title="MetOp">MetOp</a> and <a href="/wiki/MetOp-SG" title="MetOp-SG">MetOp-SG</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Telecommunication_satellites">Telecommunication satellites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Telecommunication satellites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Airbus Defence and Space has manufactured over a hundred communications satellites.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Eurostar_(satellite_bus)" title="Eurostar (satellite bus)">Eurostar</a>: Used for a series of spacecraft providing telecommunications services in geosynchronous orbit (GEO). More than 70 Eurostar satellites have been ordered to date, of which more than 55 have been successfully launched since October 1990 and have proven highly reliable in operational service. In December 2013, the Eurostar satellites accumulated 500 years of successful operations in orbit.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Eurostar_(satellite_bus)" title="Eurostar (satellite bus)">Eurostar</a> spacecraft series is designed for a variety of telecommunications needs, including fixed services and broadcast, mobile services, broadband and secured communications. </p><p>Some of the major telecommunication satellites built are: <a href="/wiki/Alphabus" title="Alphabus">Alphabus</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat">Eutelsat</a> series, the <a href="/wiki/SES_Astra" title="SES Astra">Astra</a> series, the <a href="/wiki/Hispasat" title="Hispasat">Hispasat</a> series, the <a href="/wiki/Inmarsat" title="Inmarsat">Inmarsat</a> series, and the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">UK military</a> <a href="/wiki/Skynet_(satellite)" title="Skynet (satellite)">Skynet</a> series. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EADS_Astrium_Space_Tourism_exterior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/EADS_Astrium_Space_Tourism_exterior.jpg/220px-EADS_Astrium_Space_Tourism_exterior.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/EADS_Astrium_Space_Tourism_exterior.jpg/330px-EADS_Astrium_Space_Tourism_exterior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/EADS_Astrium_Space_Tourism_exterior.jpg/440px-EADS_Astrium_Space_Tourism_exterior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Airbus Defence and Space Spaceplane prototype</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spaceplane">Spaceplane</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Spaceplane"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space_Spaceplane" title="Airbus Defence and Space Spaceplane">Airbus Defence and Space Spaceplane</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Suborbital" class="mw-redirect" title="Suborbital">suborbital</a> <a href="/wiki/Spaceplane" title="Spaceplane">spaceplane</a> concept for carrying <a href="/wiki/Space_tourist" class="mw-redirect" title="Space tourist">space tourists</a>, proposed by Airbus Defence and Space. A full-size <a href="/wiki/Mockup" title="Mockup">mockup</a> was officially unveiled in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France, on 13 June 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-Forbes_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forbes-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is now on display in the Concorde hall of the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Air_et_de_l%27Espace" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace">Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project was the first space tourism entry by a major aerospace contractor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rocket_engines">Rocket engines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Rocket engines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Airbus Defence and Space also produces commercial versions of its proprietary <a href="/wiki/Rocket_engines" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocket engines">rocket engines</a> such as <a href="/wiki/HM7B" title="HM7B">HM7B</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aestus" title="Aestus">Aestus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vinci_(rocket_engine)" title="Vinci (rocket engine)">Vinci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vulcain_(rocket_engine)" title="Vulcain (rocket engine)">Vulcain</a><sup id="cite_ref-OttobrunnSpacePropulsionCentre_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OttobrunnSpacePropulsionCentre-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="One_Atlas">One Atlas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: One Atlas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Airbus Defence and Space launched One Atlas in October 2016, a new satellite image basemap which covers the earth landmasses with imagery.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The images available via <a href="/wiki/Google_Drive" title="Google Drive">Google Drive</a> can be accessed around the clock and are refreshed within a 12-month period. One Atlas was developed for defence or security missions and operations, for example, assisting in the mapping, reporting, and updating of positions, movements, or risk areas, but also providing intelligence when selecting transportation routes and access points. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Starlab_joint_venture">Starlab joint venture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Starlab joint venture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 9 January 2024 Airbus Defence and Space announced the formation of Starlab Space LLC, a joint venture with Voyager Space to design, construct and operate the <a href="/wiki/Starlab_Space_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Starlab Space Station">Starlab</a> commercial space station.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sites">Sites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Major European Airbus Defence and Space sites are located in the following places:<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>France: <a href="/wiki/Elancourt" class="mw-redirect" title="Elancourt">Elancourt</a>, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9lizy" class="mw-redirect" title="Vélizy">Vélizy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Les_Mureaux" title="Les Mureaux">Les Mureaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bordeaux" title="Bordeaux">Bordeaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toulouse" title="Toulouse">Toulouse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kourou" title="Kourou">Kourou</a> in <a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Manching" title="Manching">Manching</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friedrichshafen" title="Friedrichshafen">Friedrichshafen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottobrunn" title="Ottobrunn">Ottobrunn</a>/<a href="/wiki/Taufkirchen_(bei_M%C3%BCnchen)" title="Taufkirchen (bei München)">Taufkirchen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Immenstaad_am_Bodensee" title="Immenstaad am Bodensee">Immenstaad am Bodensee</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Getafe" title="Getafe">Getafe</a> (<a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>), <a href="/wiki/Sevilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevilla">Sevilla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albacete" title="Albacete">Albacete</a>.</li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Newport,_Wales" title="Newport, Wales">Newport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stevenage" title="Stevenage">Stevenage</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> and <a href="/wiki/Potenza" title="Potenza">Potenza</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Irene,_Gauteng" title="Irene, Gauteng">Irene</a></li></ul> <p>Airbus Defence and Space announced in September 2022 that it would establish a research facility at <a href="/wiki/Lot_Fourteen" title="Lot Fourteen">Lot Fourteen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>, in October, with the aim of developing new satellites for the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Defence_Force" title="Australian Defence Force">Australian Defence Force</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Defense,_Space_%26_Security" title="Boeing Defense, Space & Security">Boeing defence, Space & Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_Space_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed Martin Space Systems">Lockheed Martin Space Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman" title="Northrop Grumman">Northrop Grumman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raytheon" title="Raytheon">Raytheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thales_Alenia_Space" title="Thales Alenia Space">Thales Alenia Space</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbus_Defence_and_Space&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-eoc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eoc_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eoc_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.airbus.com/en/who-we-are/our-governance/executive-and-operational-committees">"Executive and operational committees"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220125162015/https://www.airbus.com/en/who-we-are/our-governance/executive-and-operational-committees">Archived</a> 25 January 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Airbus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FS_2022-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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alt="Airbus logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Airbus_Logo_2017.svg/120px-Airbus_Logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Airbus_Logo_2017.svg/180px-Airbus_Logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Airbus_Logo_2017.svg/240px-Airbus_Logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="74" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Corporate_Jets" title="Airbus Corporate Jets">Airbus Corporate Jets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Group" title="Airbus Group">Airbus Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters,_Inc." title="Airbus Helicopters, Inc.">Airbus Helicopters, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_ProSky" title="Airbus ProSky">Airbus ProSky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_UK" title="Airbus UK">Airbus UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Consulting" title="Dornier Consulting">Dornier Consulting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helibras" title="Helibras">Helibras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premium_AEROTEC" title="Premium AEROTEC">Premium AEROTEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stelia_Aerospace" title="Stelia Aerospace">Stelia Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testia" title="Testia">Testia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Obermann" title="René Obermann">René Obermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Faury" title="Guillaume Faury">Guillaume Faury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Leahy_(executive)" title="John Leahy (executive)">John Leahy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precursors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale" title="Aérospatiale">Aérospatiale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ArianeGroup" title="ArianeGroup">ArianeGroup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DASA" title="DASA">DASA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CASA_(aircraft_manufacturer)" title="CASA (aircraft manufacturer)">Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Airbus" title="Category:Airbus">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Airbus" class="extiw" title="commons:Airbus">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Satellite_communications342" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Satcomm" title="Template:Satcomm"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Satcomm" title="Template talk:Satcomm"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Satcomm" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Satcomm"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Satellite_communications342" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Satellite communications</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">Satellite television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_radio" title="Satellite radio">Satellite radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Internet_access" title="Satellite Internet access">Satellite Internet access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amateur_radio_satellite" title="Amateur radio satellite">Amateur satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_station" title="Ground station">Ground station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-throughput_satellite" title="High-throughput satellite">High-throughput satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Relay satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transponder_(satellite_communications)" title="Transponder (satellite communications)">Transponder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carriage_dispute" title="Carriage dispute">Carriage dispute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sat-IP" title="Sat-IP">SAT>IP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monoblock_LNB" title="Monoblock LNB">Monoblock LNB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DiSEqC" title="DiSEqC">DiSEqC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Satellites_Automatic_Location_System" title="Universal Satellites Automatic Location System">USALS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_Tracking_Satellite_Dish" class="mw-redirect" title="Automatic Tracking Satellite Dish">Automatic Tracking Satellite Dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish#Motor-driven_dish" title="Satellite dish">Motor-driven Satellite dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish#Multi-satellite" title="Satellite dish">Multi-satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish" title="Satellite dish">Satellite dish</a> (<a href="/wiki/Parabolic_antenna" title="Parabolic antenna">Parabolic antennas</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_phone" title="Satellite phone">Satellite phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_modem" title="Satellite modem">Satellite modem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_data_unit" title="Satellite data unit">Satellite data unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spacebus" title="Spacebus">Spacebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Very-small-aperture_terminal" title="Very-small-aperture terminal">Very-small-aperture terminal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_radio" title="Satellite radio">Satellite radio</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">TV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DVB-SH" title="DVB-SH">DVB-SH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-DMB" title="S-DMB">S-DMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB-RCS" title="DVB-RCS">DVB-RCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB-S2" title="DVB-S2">DVB-S2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB-S2X" title="DVB-S2X">DVB-S2X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISDB#ISDB-S3" title="ISDB">ISDB-S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_audio_radio_service" title="Digital audio radio service">Digital audio radio service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadcast companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astra_Digital_Radio" title="Astra Digital Radio">Astra Digital Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirecTV" title="DirecTV">DirecTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network">Dish Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirius_XM" title="Sirius XM">Sirius XM Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">Sky UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allente" title="Allente">Allente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1worldspace" title="1worldspace">1worldspace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relay satellite companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AST_SpaceMobile" title="AST SpaceMobile">AST SpaceMobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar" title="EchoStar">EchoStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat">Eutelsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globalstar" title="Globalstar">Globalstar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat" title="Hispasat">Hispasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_Network_Systems" title="Hughes Network Systems">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inmarsat" title="Inmarsat">Inmarsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat" title="Intelsat">Intelsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersputnik" title="Intersputnik">Intersputnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iridium_Communications" title="Iridium Communications">Iridium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SED_Systems" title="SED Systems">SED Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES_(company)" title="SES (company)">SES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qianfan" title="Qianfan">Shanghai Spacecom Satellite Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_One_(satellite_operator)" title="Star One (satellite operator)">Star One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starlink" title="Starlink">Starlink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesat" title="Telesat">Telesat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooway" title="Tooway">Tooway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_(satellite)" title="Türksat (satellite)">Turksat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viasat_(American_company)" title="Viasat (American company)">Viasat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Satellite manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Airbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Defense,_Space_%26_Security" title="Boeing Defense, Space & Security">Boeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INVAP" title="INVAP">INVAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_Space" title="Lockheed Martin Space">Lockheed Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman" title="Northrop Grumman">Northrop Grumman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSL_(company)" title="SSL (company)">SSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thales_Alenia_Space" title="Thales Alenia Space">Thales Alenia Space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trade organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consultative_Committee_for_Space_Data_Systems" title="Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems">Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ETSI_Satellite_Digital_Radio" title="ETSI Satellite Digital Radio">ETSI Satellite Digital Radio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communications_satellite_firsts" title="List of communications satellite firsts">List of communications satellite firsts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communication_satellite_companies" title="List of communication satellite companies">List of communication satellite companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Communications_satellites" title="Category:Communications satellites">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ariane_(rocket_family)354" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ariane" title="Template:Ariane"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ariane" title="Template talk:Ariane"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ariane" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ariane"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ariane_(rocket_family)354" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ariane_(rocket_family)" title="Ariane (rocket family)">Ariane (rocket family)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rockets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_6" title="Ariane 6">Ariane 6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_Next" title="Ariane Next">Ariane Next</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_1" title="Ariane 1">Ariane 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_2" title="Ariane 2">Ariane 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_3" title="Ariane 3">Ariane 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">Ariane 5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ariane_5_(mock-up).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Ariane_5_%28mock-up%29.jpg/80px-Ariane_5_%28mock-up%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Ariane_5_%28mock-up%29.jpg/120px-Ariane_5_%28mock-up%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Ariane_5_%28mock-up%29.jpg/160px-Ariane_5_%28mock-up%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="968" data-file-height="1998" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Launch sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guiana_Space_Centre" title="Guiana Space Centre">Guiana Space Centre</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Kourou" title="Kourou">Kourou</a>)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ELA-1" title="ELA-1">ELA-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ELA-2" class="mw-redirect" title="ELA-2">ELA-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ELA-3" title="ELA-3">ELA-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ELA-4" title="ELA-4">ELA-4</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aestus" title="Aestus">Aestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HM7B" title="HM7B">HM7B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P120C" title="P120C">P120C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P160C" title="P160C">P160C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_(rocket_engine)" title="Viking (rocket engine)">Viking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinci_(rocket_engine)" title="Vinci (rocket engine)">Vinci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcain_(rocket_engine)" title="Vulcain (rocket engine)">Vulcain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Launches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ariane_launches" title="List of Ariane launches">List of launches</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ariane_launches_(1979%E2%80%931989)" title="List of Ariane launches (1979–1989)">1979–1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ariane_launches_(1990%E2%80%931999)" title="List of Ariane launches (1990–1999)">1990–1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ariane_launches_(2000%E2%80%932009)" title="List of Ariane launches (2000–2009)">2000–2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ariane_launches_(2010%E2%80%932019)" title="List of Ariane launches (2010–2019)">2010–2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ariane_launches_(2020%E2%80%932029)" title="List of Ariane launches (2020–2029)">2020–2029</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA240" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane flight VA240">VA240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA241" title="Ariane flight VA241">VA241</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA242" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane flight VA242">VA242</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA244" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane flight VA244">VA244</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA243" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane flight VA243">VA243</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA245" title="Ariane flight VA245">VA245</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA246" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane flight VA246">VA246</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA247" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane flight VA247">VA247</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA248" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane flight VA248">VA248</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA253" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane flight VA253">VA253</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA254" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane flight VA254">VA254</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA255" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane flight VA255">VA255</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA256" title="Ariane flight VA256">VA256</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_flight_VA262" title="Ariane flight VA262">VA262</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArianeGroup" title="ArianeGroup">ArianeGroup</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Airbus Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale" title="Aérospatiale">Aérospatiale</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(merged)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safran_Aircraft_Engines" title="Safran Aircraft Engines">Safran Aircraft Engines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyond_Gravity" title="Beyond Gravity">Beyond Gravity</a></li> <li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/MT_Aerospace" class="extiw" title="de:MT Aerospace">MT Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SABCA" title="SABCA">SABCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nammo" title="Nammo">Nammo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Launch_service_provider" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch service provider">Launch provider</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arianespace" title="Arianespace">Arianespace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNES" title="CNES">CNES</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Upper_Stage_for_Innovative_Exploration" title="Smart Upper Stage for Innovative Exploration">SUSIE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adeline_(rocket_stage)" title="Adeline (rocket stage)">Adeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5#Ariane_5_ME" title="Ariane 5">Ariane 5 ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dream_Chaser#Dream_Chaser_for_European_Utilization" title="Dream Chaser">DC4EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_(spacecraft)" title="Hermes (spacecraft)">Hermes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automated_Transfer_Vehicle" title="Automated Transfer Vehicle">Automated Transfer Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(rocket)" title="Europa (rocket)">Europa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Ariane_(rocket_family)" title="Category:Ariane (rocket family)">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" 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