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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bow_Castle_Broch&params=55.665942_N_2.857845_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">55°39′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°51′28″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">55.665942°N 2.857845°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">55.665942; -2.857845</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Bow Castle</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:The_remains_of_Bow_Castle_Broch_-_geograph.org.uk_-_225213.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_remains_of_Bow_Castle_Broch_-_geograph.org.uk_-_225213.jpg/220px-The_remains_of_Bow_Castle_Broch_-_geograph.org.uk_-_225213.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_remains_of_Bow_Castle_Broch_-_geograph.org.uk_-_225213.jpg/330px-The_remains_of_Bow_Castle_Broch_-_geograph.org.uk_-_225213.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_remains_of_Bow_Castle_Broch_-_geograph.org.uk_-_225213.jpg/440px-The_remains_of_Bow_Castle_Broch_-_geograph.org.uk_-_225213.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="428" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Scottish_Borders_UK_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bow Castle Broch is located in Scottish Borders"><img alt="Bow Castle Broch is located in Scottish Borders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Scottish_Borders_UK_location_map.svg/250px-Scottish_Borders_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Scottish_Borders_UK_location_map.svg/375px-Scottish_Borders_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Scottish_Borders_UK_location_map.svg/500px-Scottish_Borders_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1322" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:37.118%;left:44.979%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bow Castle Broch"><img alt="Bow Castle Broch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/8px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/12px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/16px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Shown within Scottish Borders</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Stow_of_Wedale" title="Stow of Wedale">Stow of Wedale</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bow_Castle_Broch&params=55.665942_N_2.857845_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">55°39′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°51′28″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">55.665942°N 2.857845°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">55.665942; -2.857845</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Broch" title="Broch">Broch</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Periods</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid #00247D; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_monument" title="Scheduled monument">Scheduled monument</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">28 February 1924</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference no.</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/SM1162">SM1162</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Bow Castle</b> is the remains of an <a href="/wiki/British_Iron_Age" title="British Iron Age">iron-age</a> <a href="/wiki/Broch" title="Broch">broch</a> near the <a href="/wiki/Gala_Water" title="Gala Water">Gala Water</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Borders" title="Scottish Borders">Scottish Borders</a> area of <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, in the parish of <a href="/wiki/Stow_of_Wedale" title="Stow of Wedale">Stow</a>. It is a <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_monument" title="Scheduled monument">scheduled monument</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bow_Castle_Broch&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bow Castle (<a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">grid reference</a> <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion" style="white-space: nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bow_Castle_Broch&params=55.665897_N_2.857923_W_region:GB_scale:25000">NT46134171</a></span>) stands on level ground on the edge of a steep slope southwest of the valley of the Gala Water.<sup id="cite_ref-rcahms1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rcahms1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The broch has a wall 4.1 metres thick, enclosing an area 9.7 metres in diameter.<sup id="cite_ref-rcahms1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rcahms1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The broch is one of only three remaining in the Borders; the other two are <a href="/wiki/Torwoodlee_Broch" title="Torwoodlee Broch">Torwoodlee Broch</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edin%27s_Hall_Broch" title="Edin's Hall Broch">Edin's Hall Broch</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Excavations">Excavations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bow_Castle_Broch&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Excavations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It was excavated in 1890 when pottery, including some 2nd-century Roman amphora fragments, were found.<sup id="cite_ref-rcahms1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rcahms1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1922 a 2nd-century Roman enamelled bronze brooch in the form of a cockerel was found among the ruins of the wall.<sup id="cite_ref-rcahms1_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rcahms1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Information concerning the dating and use of the broch is limited due to the lack of modern excavations.<sup id="cite_ref-rcahms1_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rcahms1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <a href="/wiki/Torwoodlee_Broch" title="Torwoodlee Broch">Torwoodlee Broch</a>, two miles to the north, was built and destroyed during the Roman occupations of southern Scotland and it is likely that Bow Castle shared a similar history.<sup id="cite_ref-rcahms1_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rcahms1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bow_Castle_Broch&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandSM1162" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/SM1162">"Bow Castle, broch 1000m E of Bow (SM1162)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bow+Castle%2C+broch+1000m+E+of+Bow+%28SM1162%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FSM1162&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABow+Castle+Broch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rcahms1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rcahms1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rcahms1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rcahms1_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rcahms1_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rcahms1_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rcahms1_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_Scotland" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canmore.org.uk/site/54520">"Bow Castle (54520)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Canmore_(database)" title="Canmore (database)">Canmore</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canmore&rft.atitle=Bow+Castle+%2854520%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanmore.org.uk%2Fsite%2F54520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABow+Castle+Broch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bow_Castle_Broch&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Curle, J. (1892) 'Notes on two brochs recently discovered at Bow, Midlothian, and Torwoodlee, Selkirkshire', <i>Proc Soc Antiq Scot, vol. 26, Pages 68–70</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bow_Castle_Broch&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bow_Castle_Broch" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bow Castle Broch">Bow Castle Broch</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Ardtreck" title="Dun Ardtreck">Dun Ardtreck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Beag" title="Dun Beag">Dun Beag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Borrafiach" title="Dun Borrafiach">Dun Borrafiach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Fiadhairt" title="Dun Fiadhairt">Dun Fiadhairt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Hallin" title="Dun Hallin">Dun Hallin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Mor_Vaul" title="Dun Mor Vaul">Dun Mor Vaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Ringill" title="Dun Ringill">Dun Ringill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirefour_Castle" title="Tirefour Castle">Tirefour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outer</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dun_an_Sticir" title="Dun an Sticir">Dun an Sticir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Bharabhat,_Great_Bernera" title="Dun Bharabhat, Great Bernera">Dun Bharabhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Carloway" title="Dun Carloway">Dun Carloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Vulan" title="Dun Vulan">Dun Vulan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loch_na_Berie" title="Loch na Berie">Loch na Berie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Highlands" title="Scottish Highlands">Highlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caithness</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crosskirk_Broch" title="Crosskirk Broch">Crosskirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ousdale_Broch" title="Ousdale Broch">Ousdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skitten_Broch" title="Skitten Broch">Skitten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sutherland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baile_Mhargaite_(Sandy_Dun)" title="Baile Mhargaite (Sandy Dun)">Baile Mhargaite (Sandy Dun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carn_Liath_(broch)" title="Carn Liath (broch)">Carn Liath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Dornaigil" title="Dun Dornaigil">Dun Dornaigil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inshlampie_Broch" title="Inshlampie Broch"> Inshlampie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langdale_Broch" title="Langdale Broch"> Langdale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caisteal_Grugaig" title="Caisteal Grugaig">Caisteal Grugaig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Grugaig" title="Dun Grugaig">Dun Grugaig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Telve" title="Dun Telve">Dun Telve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Troddan" title="Dun Troddan">Dun Troddan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central Scotland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coldoch_Broch" title="Coldoch Broch">Coldoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leckie_Broch" title="Leckie Broch">Leckie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tappoch_Broch" title="Tappoch Broch">Tappoch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern Scotland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bow Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doon_Castle_Broch" title="Doon Castle Broch">Doon Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edin%27s_Hall_Broch" title="Edin's Hall Broch">Edin's Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torwoodlee_Broch" title="Torwoodlee Broch">Torwoodlee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Scotland_during_the_Roman_Empire248" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Scotland_during_the_Roman_Empire" title="Template:Scotland during the Roman Empire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Scotland_during_the_Roman_Empire" title="Template talk:Scotland during the Roman Empire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Scotland_during_the_Roman_Empire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Scotland during the Roman Empire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Scotland_during_the_Roman_Empire248" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Scotland_during_the_Roman_Empire" title="Scotland during the Roman Empire">Scotland during the Roman Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Iron_Age" title="Scotland in the Iron Age">Scotland in the Iron Age</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caledonians" title="Caledonians">Caledonian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Picts" title="Picts">Pictish</a> tribes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caereni" title="Caereni">Caereni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnonacae" title="Carnonacae">Carnonacae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornovii_(Caithness)" title="Cornovii (Caithness)">Cornovii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creones" title="Creones">Creones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damnonii" title="Damnonii">Damnonii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decantae" title="Decantae">Decantae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicalydones" title="Dicalydones">Dicalydones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugi" title="Lugi">Lugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novantae" title="Novantae">Novantae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selgovae" title="Selgovae">Selgovae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smertae" title="Smertae">Smertae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taexali" title="Taexali">Taexali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacomagi" title="Vacomagi">Vacomagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venicones" title="Venicones">Venicones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortriu" title="Fortriu">Verturians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votadini" title="Votadini">Votadini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Battles and campaigns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mons_Graupius" title="Battle of Mons Graupius">Battle of Mons Graupius (83)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnswark_Hill" title="Burnswark Hill">Burnswark Hill (140)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_invasion_of_Caledonia_(208%E2%80%93211)" title="Roman invasion of Caledonia (208–211)">Roman invasion of Caledonia (208–211)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Conspiracy" title="Great Conspiracy">Great Conspiracy (367-69)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilicho%27s_Pictish_War" title="Stilicho's Pictish War">Pictish War (398)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caledonian fortifications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur%27s_Seat" title="Arthur's Seat">Arthur's Seat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennachie" title="Bennachie">Bennachie</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bow Castle Broch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deers_Den" title="Deers Den">Deers Den</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Castle" title="Dumbarton Castle">Dumbarton Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edin%27s_Hall_Broch" title="Edin's Hall Broch">Edin's Hall Broch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leckie_Broch" title="Leckie Broch">Leckie Broch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnata_Castra" title="Pinnata Castra">Pinnata Castra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rispain_Camp" title="Rispain Camp">Rispain Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubers_Law" title="Rubers Law">Rubers Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torwoodlee_Broch" title="Torwoodlee Broch">Torwoodlee Broch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traprain_Law" title="Traprain Law">Traprain Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walls_Loch" title="Walls Loch">Walls Loch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caledonians & Picts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentocoxos" title="Argentocoxos">Argentocoxos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calgacus" title="Calgacus">Calgacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vipoig" title="Vipoig">Vipoig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canutulachama" title="Canutulachama">Canutulachama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uradech" title="Uradech">Uradech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gartnait_II_Duberr_of_the_Picts" title="Gartnait II Duberr of the Picts">Gartnait II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roman fortifications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antonine_Wall" title="Antonine Wall">Antonine Wall</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auchendavy" title="Auchendavy">Auchendavy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balmuildy" title="Balmuildy">Balmuildy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_Hill_Fort" title="Bar Hill Fort">Bar Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castlehill_Fort" title="Castlehill Fort">Castlehill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleddans" title="Cleddans">Cleddans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croy_Hill" title="Croy Hill">Croy Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumrills" title="Mumrills">Mumrills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rough_Castle_Fort" title="Rough Castle Fort">Rough Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seabegs_Wood" title="Seabegs Wood">Seabegs Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watling_Lodge" title="Watling Lodge">Watling Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerwood" title="Westerwood">Westerwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilderness_Plantation" title="Wilderness Plantation">Wilderness Plantation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gnaeus_Julius_Agricola" title="Gnaeus Julius Agricola">Agricolan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardoch_Roman_Fort" title="Ardoch Roman Fort">Ardoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battledykes" title="Battledykes">Battledykes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertha_(Perth)" title="Bertha (Perth)">Bertha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnfield" title="Burnfield">Burnfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camelon" title="Camelon">Camelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deers_Den" title="Deers Den">Deers Den</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drumquhassle" title="Drumquhassle">Drumquhassle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durno" title="Durno">Durno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gask_Ridge" title="Gask Ridge">Gask Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenbank" title="Glenbank">Glenbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenlochar" title="Glenlochar">Glenlochar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inchtuthil" title="Inchtuthil">Inchtuthil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverquharity" title="Inverquharity">Inverquharity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normandykes" title="Normandykes">Normandykes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raedykes" title="Raedykes">Raedykes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strageath" title="Strageath">Strageath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ythan_Wells" title="Ythan Wells">Ythan Wells</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Severan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hill_Roman_Camps" title="Black Hill Roman Camps">Black Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpow_Roman_Fort" title="Carpow Roman Fort">Carpow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cramond_Roman_Fort" title="Cramond Roman Fort">Cramond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muiryfold" title="Muiryfold">Muiryfold</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blatobulgium" title="Blatobulgium">Blatobulgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bothwellhaugh_Roman_Fort" title="Bothwellhaugh Roman Fort">Bothwellhaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Greg" title="Castle Greg">Castle Greg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elginhaugh" title="Elginhaugh">Elginhaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inveresk_Roman_Fort" title="Inveresk Roman Fort">Inveresk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennymuir_Roman_camps" title="Pennymuir Roman camps">Pennymuir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimontium_(Newstead)" title="Trimontium (Newstead)">Trimontium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bellie" title="Bellie">Bellie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomshill" title="Thomshill">Thomshill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balnageith" title="Balnageith">Balnageith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Galcantray" class="mw-redirect" title="Easter Galcantray">Easter Galcantray</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other structures & artefacts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Scotland_in_the_Roman_era" title="Architecture of Scotland in the Roman era">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur%27s_O%27on" title="Arthur's O'on">Arthur's O'on</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgeness_Slab" title="Bridgeness Slab">Bridgeness Slab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cramond_Lioness" title="Cramond Lioness">Cramond Lioness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dere_Street" title="Dere Street">Dere Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roman commanders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Petillius_Cerialis" title="Quintus Petillius Cerialis">Cerialis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnaeus_Julius_Agricola" title="Gnaeus Julius Agricola">Agricola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Lollius_Urbicus" title="Quintus Lollius Urbicus">Urbicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Severus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><link 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