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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%B0%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%B9_%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A" title="محرك أمامي ذو دفع خلفي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محرك أمامي ذو دفع خلفي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/FR" title="FR – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="FR" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klasick%C3%A1_koncepce" title="Klasická koncepce – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Klasická koncepce" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_delantero_y_tracci%C3%B3n_trasera" title="Motor delantero y tracción trasera – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Motor delantero y tracción trasera" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A8" title="خودروی موتور جلو-محور عقب – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خودروی موتور جلو-محور عقب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moteur_%C3%A0_l%27avant_et_roues_arri%C3%A8re_motrices" title="Moteur à l'avant et roues arrière motrices – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Moteur à l'avant et roues arrière motrices" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/FR_(i%C5%A1d%C4%97stymas)" title="FR (išdėstymas) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="FR (išdėstymas)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susun_atur_enjin_depan_dan_pacuan_roda_belakang" title="Susun atur enjin depan dan pacuan roda belakang – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Susun atur enjin depan dan pacuan roda belakang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%81%8A_%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="ရှေ့အင်ဂျင်၊ နောက်ဘီးယက် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရှေ့အင်ဂျင်၊ နောက်ဘီးယက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E5%BE%8C%E8%BC%AA%E9%A7%86%E5%8B%95" title="フロントエンジン・後輪駆動 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フロントエンジン・後輪駆動" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_dianteiro,_tra%C3%A7%C3%A3o_traseira" title="Motor dianteiro, tração traseira – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Motor dianteiro, tração traseira" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_fa%C8%9B%C4%83,_trac%C8%9Biune_spate" title="Motor față, tracțiune spate – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Motor față, tracțiune spate" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klasick%C3%A1_koncepcia_(pohon)" title="Klasická koncepcia (pohon) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Klasická koncepcia (pohon)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96nden_motorlu,_arkadan_%C3%A7eki%C5%9F_d%C3%BCzeni" title="Önden motorlu, arkadan çekiş düzeni – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Önden motorlu, arkadan çekiş düzeni" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0,_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Передньомоторна, задньопривідна компоновка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Передньомоторна, задньопривідна компоновка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E7%BD%AE%E5%BE%8C%E9%A9%85" title="前置後驅 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="前置後驅" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4115030#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" 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Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout&action=edit">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">introducing citations to additional sources</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Front-engine%2C+rear-wheel-drive+layout%22">"Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Front-engine%2C+rear-wheel-drive+layout%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Front-engine%2C+rear-wheel-drive+layout%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Front-engine%2C+rear-wheel-drive+layout%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Front-engine%2C+rear-wheel-drive+layout%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Front-engine%2C+rear-wheel-drive+layout%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2019</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Automotive_diagrams_01_En.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Automotive_diagrams_01_En.png/280px-Automotive_diagrams_01_En.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Automotive_diagrams_01_En.png/420px-Automotive_diagrams_01_En.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Automotive_diagrams_01_En.png/560px-Automotive_diagrams_01_En.png 2x" data-file-width="3067" data-file-height="1863" /></a><figcaption>FR layout</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout</b> <b>(FR)</b>, also called <b>Systeme Panhard</b><sup id="cite_ref-R-MH_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R-MH-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">powertrain layout</a> with an engine in front and <a href="/wiki/Rear-wheel-drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Rear-wheel-drive">rear-wheel-drive</a>, connected via a <a href="/wiki/Drive_shaft" title="Drive shaft">drive shaft</a>. This arrangement, with the engine straddling the front axle, was the traditional automobile layout for most of the pre-1950s automotive mechanical projects.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also used in trucks, pickups, and <a href="/wiki/High-floor" title="High-floor">high-floor</a> <a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">buses</a> and <a href="/wiki/School_bus" title="School bus">school buses</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Front_mid-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout"><span id="Front_mid-engine.2C_rear-wheel-drive_layout"></span><span class="anchor" id="FMR_layout"></span><span class="anchor" id="FMR"></span>Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Automotive_diagrams_03_En.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Automotive_diagrams_03_En.png/280px-Automotive_diagrams_03_En.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Automotive_diagrams_03_En.png/420px-Automotive_diagrams_03_En.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Automotive_diagrams_03_En.png/560px-Automotive_diagrams_03_En.png 2x" data-file-width="3067" data-file-height="1863" /></a><figcaption>FMR layout, the engine is located behind the front axle</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout</b> <b>(FMR)</b> places the engine in the front half of the vehicle but <i>behind</i> the front axle, which likewise drives the rear wheels via a driveshaft. Shifting the engine's <a href="/wiki/Center_of_mass" title="Center of mass">center of mass</a> rearward aids in front/rear <a href="/wiki/Weight_distribution" title="Weight distribution">weight distribution</a> and reduces the <a href="/wiki/Moment_of_inertia" title="Moment of inertia">moment of inertia</a>, both of which improve a vehicle's <a href="/wiki/Car_handling" class="mw-redirect" title="Car handling">handling</a>.<span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">While the mechanical layout of an FMR is substantially the same as an FR car, the classification of some models of the same vehicle may vary as either FR or FMR depending on the length of the engine (e.g. 4-cylinder vs. 6-cylinder) and its center of mass in relation to the front axle.</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="It is a boldface potentially contentious claim without any support. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>FMR cars are often characterized by a long hood and front wheels that are pushed forward to the corners of the vehicle, close to the front bumper. <a href="/wiki/2%2B2_(car_body_style)" title="2+2 (car body style)">2+2</a>-style <a href="/wiki/Grand_tourer" title="Grand tourer">grand tourers</a> often have FMR layouts, as a rear engine does not leave much space for rear seats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1968_AMC_AMX_yellow_390_auto_md-er.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The 390 cid V8 engine in a FR 1968 AMC AMX functionally straddles its front axle, with the centerline of the shock towers basically bisecting the center of the air cleaner"><img alt="The 390 cid V8 engine in a FR 1968 AMC AMX functionally straddles its front axle, with the centerline of the shock towers basically bisecting the center of the air cleaner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/1968_AMC_AMX_yellow_390_auto_md-er.jpg/120px-1968_AMC_AMX_yellow_390_auto_md-er.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/1968_AMC_AMX_yellow_390_auto_md-er.jpg/180px-1968_AMC_AMX_yellow_390_auto_md-er.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/1968_AMC_AMX_yellow_390_auto_md-er.jpg/240px-1968_AMC_AMX_yellow_390_auto_md-er.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The 390 cid V8 engine in a FR 1968 <a href="/wiki/AMC_AMX" title="AMC AMX">AMC AMX</a> functionally straddles its front axle, with the centerline of the shock towers basically bisecting the center of the air cleaner</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:E-Type_Jag_4.2-litre_engine_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The straight-6 DOHC XK engine clearly sits behind the front axle of an FMR Jaguar E-Type"><img alt="The straight-6 DOHC XK engine clearly sits behind the front axle of an FMR Jaguar E-Type" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/E-Type_Jag_4.2-litre_engine_2022.jpg/120px-E-Type_Jag_4.2-litre_engine_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/E-Type_Jag_4.2-litre_engine_2022.jpg/180px-E-Type_Jag_4.2-litre_engine_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/E-Type_Jag_4.2-litre_engine_2022.jpg/240px-E-Type_Jag_4.2-litre_engine_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The straight-6 DOHC <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_XK_engine" title="Jaguar XK engine">XK engine</a> clearly sits behind the front axle of an FMR <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_E-Type" title="Jaguar E-Type">Jaguar E-Type</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GMLT5.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="All Chevrolet Corvette from the second through the seventh generation are FMR. Only ancillary aspects of this Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1's engine may lie above the front axle."><img alt="All Chevrolet Corvette from the second through the seventh generation are FMR. Only ancillary aspects of this Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1's engine may lie above the front axle." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/GMLT5.JPG/120px-GMLT5.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/GMLT5.JPG/180px-GMLT5.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/GMLT5.JPG/240px-GMLT5.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">All <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvette" title="Chevrolet Corvette">Chevrolet Corvette</a> from the second through the seventh generation are FMR. Only ancillary aspects of this <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvette_(C4)" title="Chevrolet Corvette (C4)">Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1's</a> engine may lie above the front axle.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dodge_Viper_Motorraum.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="An FMR Dodge Viper showing its 8.4 L V10 positioned behind the car’s front axle"><img alt="An FMR Dodge Viper showing its 8.4 L V10 positioned behind the car’s front axle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Dodge_Viper_Motorraum.JPG/120px-Dodge_Viper_Motorraum.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Dodge_Viper_Motorraum.JPG/180px-Dodge_Viper_Motorraum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Dodge_Viper_Motorraum.JPG/240px-Dodge_Viper_Motorraum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">An FMR <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Viper" title="Dodge Viper">Dodge Viper</a> showing its 8.4 L V10 positioned behind the car’s front axle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:F_599_007.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The F140 C V12 engine sitting behind the Ferrari 599's front axle."><img alt="The F140 C V12 engine sitting behind the Ferrari 599's front axle." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/F_599_007.JPG/120px-F_599_007.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/F_599_007.JPG/180px-F_599_007.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/F_599_007.JPG/240px-F_599_007.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="680" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_F140_engine" title="Ferrari F140 engine">F140 C</a> V12 engine sitting behind the <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_599" title="Ferrari 599">Ferrari 599</a>'s front axle.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Weissach_axle" title="Weissach axle">Weissach axle</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roarington.com/media-house/stories/the-nostalgia-of-forgotten-gods-panhard-and-levassor-france-1886-1967">"The Nostalgia of Forgotten Gods: Panhard & Levassor, France, 1886-1967"</a>. <i>Roarington</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roarington&rft.atitle=The+Nostalgia+of+Forgotten+Gods%3A+Panhard+%26+Levassor%2C+France%2C+1886-1967&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froarington.com%2Fmedia-house%2Fstories%2Fthe-nostalgia-of-forgotten-gods-panhard-and-levassor-france-1886-1967&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFront-engine%2C+rear-wheel-drive+layout" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090207074723/http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2006-01-1339">"Development of a New Hybrid Transmission for RWD Car"</a>. www.sae.org. 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car">Antique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_car" title="Classic car">Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_car" title="Economy car">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_(vehicle)" title="Ute (vehicle)">Ute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van" title="Van">Van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage_car" title="Vintage car">Vintage car</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euro_Car_Segment" title="Euro Car Segment">EU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-segment" title="A-segment">A-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-segment" title="B-segment">B-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-segment" title="C-segment">C-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-segment" title="D-segment">D-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-segment" title="E-segment">E-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-segment" 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body)">Brougham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrio_coach" title="Cabrio coach">Cabrio coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cab_over" title="Cab over">Cab over</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Cabriolet / Convertible / Drophead coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe" title="Coupe">Coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupe de Ville">Coupé de Ville / Sedanca de Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup%C3%A9_utility" title="Coupé utility">Coupé utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastback" title="Fastback">Fastback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardtop" title="Hardtop">Hardtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchback" title="Hatchback">Hatchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammback" title="Kammback">Kammback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landaulet_(car)" title="Landaulet (car)">Landaulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liftback" title="Liftback">Liftback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">Limousine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microvan" title="Microvan">Microvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minibus" title="Minibus">Minibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-stop_truck" title="Multi-stop truck">Multi-stop truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notchback" title="Notchback">Notchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_van" title="Panel van">Panel van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaeton_body" title="Phaeton body">Phaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickup_truck" title="Pickup truck">Pickup truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quad_coup%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Quad coupé">Quad coupé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Retractable hardtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">Roadster / Spider / Spyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runabout_(car)" title="Runabout (car)">Runabout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedan_(automobile)" title="Sedan (automobile)">Saloon / Sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_van" title="Panel van">Sedan delivery/Panel van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_brake" title="Shooting brake">Shooting brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">Station wagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targa_top" title="Targa top">Targa top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_(car)" title="Torpedo (car)">Torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touring_car" title="Touring car">Touring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupe de Ville">Town (Coupé de Ville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-top" title="T-top">T-top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vis-%C3%A0-vis_(carriage)" title="Vis-à-vis (carriage)">Vis-à-vis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized <br />vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-terrain_vehicle" title="All-terrain vehicle">All-terrain vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_vehicle" title="Amphibious vehicle">Amphibious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connected_car" title="Connected car">Connected</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-driving_car" title="Self-driving car">Driverless (autonomous)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-kart" title="Go-kart">Go-kart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyrocar" title="Gyrocar">Gyrocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadracycle" title="Quadracycle">Pedal car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_car" title="Police car">Police car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_car" title="Flying car">Flying car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicab" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab">Taxicab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tow_truck" title="Tow truck">Tow truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voiturette" title="Voiturette">Voiturette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ground_propulsion" title="Ground propulsion">Propulsion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_fuel_vehicle" title="Alternative fuel vehicle">Alternative fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autogas" title="Autogas">Autogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiesel" title="Biodiesel">Biodiesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biofuel" title="Biofuel">Biofuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogasoline" title="Biogasoline">Biogasoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogas" title="Biogas">Biogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas" title="Compressed natural gas">Compressed natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">Electric</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battery_electric_vehicle" title="Battery electric vehicle">battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhood_Electric_Vehicle" title="Neighborhood Electric Vehicle">NEV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ethanol_fuel_mixtures" title="Common ethanol fuel mixtures">Ethanol</a> (<a href="/wiki/E85" title="E85">E85</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">Fossil fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_cell" title="Fuel cell">Fuel cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_gas" title="Fuel gas">Fuel gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrol_engine" title="Petrol engine">Gasoline / petrol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gasoline_direct_injection" title="Gasoline direct injection">direct injection</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homogeneous_charge_compression_ignition" title="Homogeneous charge compression ignition">Homogeneous charge compression ignition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">Hybrid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Plug-in_hybrid" title="Plug-in hybrid">plug-in</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle" title="Hydrogen vehicle">Hydrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">Internal combustion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_nitrogen_engine" title="Liquid nitrogen engine">Liquid nitrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquified_petroleum_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquified petroleum gas">Liquified petroleum gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_car" title="Steam car">Steam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Drive_wheel" title="Drive wheel">Drive wheels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-wheel_drive" title="Front-wheel drive">Front-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout#Rear_wheel_drive_layouts" title="Powertrain layout">Rear-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-wheel_drive" title="Two-wheel drive">Two-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-wheel_drive" title="Four-wheel drive">Four-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-wheel_drive" title="Six-wheel drive">Six-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-wheel_drive" title="Eight-wheel drive">Eight-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Ten-wheel drive">Ten-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve-wheel drive">Twelve-wheel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Engine position</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-engine_design" title="Front-engine design">Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-engine_design" title="Mid-engine design">Mid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rear-engine_design" title="Rear-engine design">Rear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Layout</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(engine / drive)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Front-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-mid-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Front mid-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Rear-front</a> </li> <li> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Front-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear_mid-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Rear mid-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Rear-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Front-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Mid-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Mid-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Mid-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Rear-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Dual-motor,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Dual-motor, four-wheel-drive layout">Dual motor-four-wheel</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Engine_configuration" title="Engine configuration">Engine configuration</a><br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">internal combustion</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flat_engine" title="Flat engine">Boxer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_engine" title="Flat engine">Flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-stroke_engine" title="Four-stroke engine">Four-stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H_engine" title="H engine">H-block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciprocating_engine" title="Reciprocating engine">Reciprocating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-cylinder_engine" title="Single-cylinder engine">Single-cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_engine" title="Straight engine">Straight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-stroke_engine" title="Two-stroke engine">Two-stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V_engine" title="V engine">V (Vee)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W_engine" title="W engine">W engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">Wankel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" 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