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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Organizational change and expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizational_change_and_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design_change" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design_change"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Design change</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design_change-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Later years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1999_collapse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1999_collapse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>1999 collapse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1999_collapse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bonfire_Memorial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bonfire_Memorial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bonfire Memorial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bonfire_Memorial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_Bonfire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_Bonfire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Student Bonfire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_Bonfire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Aggie_Bonfire&params=30.6227_N_96.3352_W_region:US-TX_type:landmark&title=Bonfire+Memorial"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">30°37′22″N</span> <span class="longitude">96°20′07″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">30.6227°N 96.3352°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">30.6227; -96.3352</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Bonfire Memorial</span>)</span></span></span></a></span> - Bonfire Memorial</span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-featured-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articles*" title="This is a featured article. Click here for more information."><img alt="Featured article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-spoken-icon" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aggie_bonfire.ogg" title="Listen to this article"><img alt="Listen to this article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/20px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/30px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/40px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Former tradition at Texas A&M University</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:198990bonfire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/198990bonfire.jpg/300px-198990bonfire.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/198990bonfire.jpg/450px-198990bonfire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/198990bonfire.jpg/600px-198990bonfire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="684" /></a><figcaption>Aggie Bonfire as it burned in 1989</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Aggie Bonfire</b> was a long-standing annual tradition at <a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University" title="Texas A&M University">Texas A&M University</a> as part of the college rivalry with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">University of Texas at Austin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dictionary_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dictionary-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sherrington_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sherrington-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For 90 years, Texas A&M students—known as <a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies" title="Texas A&M Aggies">Aggies</a>—built a <a href="/wiki/Bonfire" title="Bonfire">bonfire</a> on campus each autumn, known to the Aggie community simply as "Bonfire". The event symbolized Aggie students' "burning desire to beat the hell outta t.u.", a derogatory nickname for the University of Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bonfire was traditionally lit around <a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_(United_States)" title="Thanksgiving (United States)">Thanksgiving</a> in conjunction with festivities surrounding the annual football game. Early bonfires were little more than piles of trash, but the event gradually became more organized and eventually grew to an immense size, setting the world record in 1969. In 1999, <a href="/wiki/1999_Aggie_Bonfire_collapse" title="1999 Aggie Bonfire collapse">the Bonfire collapsed during construction</a>, killing 12 and injuring 27 others. The accident led Texas A&M to declare a hiatus on an official Bonfire. However, since 2002, a student-sponsored coalition has constructed an annual unsanctioned, off-campus "Student Bonfire" in the spirit of its predecessor. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_years">Early years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1928_bonfire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/13/1928_bonfire.jpg/220px-1928_bonfire.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/13/1928_bonfire.jpg/330px-1928_bonfire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/13/1928_bonfire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="242" /></a><figcaption>The Aggie Bonfire in 1928, pictured on the Drill Field with the Academic Building in the background.</figcaption></figure> <p>The students of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Texas_A%26M_University" title="History of Texas A&M University">Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas</a>, known as Aggies, burned their first bonfire on November 18, 1907, to congratulate the <a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football" title="Texas A&M Aggies football">football team</a> on a recent win.<sup id="cite_ref-Traditions_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Traditions-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first <a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_campus" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M University campus">on-campus</a> Aggie Bonfire, a heap of trash and debris, was burned in 1909 to generate enthusiasm for a variety of sporting events. A decade later, the focus of the event narrowed to the annual rivalry game between Texas A&M and the University of Texas, held near <a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Thanksgiving Day">Thanksgiving Day</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bernstein_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Little information was recorded about the early Bonfires; the 1921 Texas A&M yearbook mentioned the "final rally" of the students before the game against Texas, but did not refer to a bonfire. Six years later, the school yearbook published a photograph of the event.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Freshmen were expected to build the early Bonfires to help prove their worth.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For almost two decades, the students constructed Bonfire from debris and wood acquired through various, sometimes illicit, means, including appropriating lumber intended for a dormitory in 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-as_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-as-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1935, a farmer reported that students carried off his entire barn as fuel for Bonfire. To prevent future incidents, the university made Bonfire a school-sanctioned event. The following year, for the first time, the school provided axes, saws, and trucks for the students and pointed them toward a grove of dead trees on the edge of town.<sup id="cite_ref-bernstein_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 1940s, the school paper described Bonfire as "the greatest event of the football season".<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1947 <a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Corps_of_Cadets" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M Corps of Cadets">Corps</a> handbook stated that "bonfire symbolizes two things: a burning desire to beat the team from the University of Texas, and the undying flame of love that every loyal Aggie carries in his heart for the school"; this was often shortened to "the burning desire to beat the hell out of t.u."<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sherrington_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sherrington-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Bonfire design changed in 1942. <a href="/wiki/Universal_Studios" title="Universal Studios">Universal Studios</a>, filming the movie <i><a href="/wiki/We%27ve_Never_Been_Licked" title="We've Never Been Licked">We've Never Been Licked</a></i> on the Texas A&M Campus, built a bonfire as a prop for the movie. Their structure used a design similar to a <a href="/wiki/Teepee" class="mw-redirect" title="Teepee">teepee</a>, where all the logs rested against each other in a conical shape.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The logs were placed at an angle between 23 and 30 degrees, giving it "a tremendous vertical and horizontal resistance".<sup id="cite_ref-burka2000_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-burka2000-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This allowed Bonfire to grow from 25 feet (8 m) tall to over 50 feet (20 m) tall.<sup id="cite_ref-as_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-as-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequent Aggies adopted the new idea, and the teepee design became standard for Bonfires for the next 25 years.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Late_50s_Aggie_Bonfire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Late_50s_Aggie_Bonfire.jpg/220px-Late_50s_Aggie_Bonfire.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Late_50s_Aggie_Bonfire.jpg/330px-Late_50s_Aggie_Bonfire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Late_50s_Aggie_Bonfire.jpg/440px-Late_50s_Aggie_Bonfire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="406" /></a><figcaption>An Aggie Bonfire under construction in the late 1950s</figcaption></figure> <p>Beginning in 1952, the bonfires were constructed entirely from fresh-cut logs.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The event suffered its first fatality in 1955, when a student was struck by a swerving car.<sup id="cite_ref-bernstein_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For unrelated reasons, that same year the Bonfire was moved from Simpson Drill Field in front of the Memorial Student Center to Duncan Field, near the dorms of the Corps of Cadets (whose leaders oversaw construction). In 1957, the structure collapsed two days before Bonfire was to be held, but students worked around-the-clock to rebuild it, and the bonfire burned as scheduled.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this period, University of Texas students attempted several stunts, trying to light the stack early, but to no avail. In both 1933 and 1948, students from UT rented an airplane and tried to drop fire bombs onto the stack. In one of these instances, the plane ran low on fuel, and was forced to land at <a href="/wiki/Easterwood_Airport" title="Easterwood Airport">Easterwood Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/College_Station,_Texas" title="College Station, Texas">College Station</a>—the wooden portions of the plane found themselves part of Bonfire that year.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1956, there was an unsuccessful attempt to plant explosives at the Bonfire site,<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, in the late 1970s, a College Station police officer was fired after trying to ignite the bonfire several days ahead of schedule. Students spotted the officer before he could succeed and chased him across campus.<sup id="cite_ref-bernstein_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1999, a Longhorn fan hired someone to build a six-foot model airplane designed to carry a bomb into the wood stack to ignite it prematurely. "He was actually in the process of building that plane when they had the tragedy at bonfire", Mel Stekoll said. "At that point, we scrapped the plan. It would have been the next year that we planned to try it."<sup id="cite_ref-Longhorns_for_Life_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Longhorns_for_Life-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organizational_change_and_expansion">Organizational change and expansion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Organizational change and expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Aggie_Bonfire_leadership" title="Aggie Bonfire leadership">Aggie Bonfire leadership</a></div> <p>In 1965, membership in the <a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_Corps_of_Cadets" title="Texas A&M University Corps of Cadets">Corps of Cadets</a> became voluntary for students at Texas A&M. Before, Corps leaders directed construction of Bonfire. However, because the Corps had no authority over the "non-regs", or civilian students, a separate <a href="/wiki/Aggie_Bonfire_Leadership" class="mw-redirect" title="Aggie Bonfire Leadership">Bonfire leadership</a> structure was instituted. The new leaders were designated with colored <a href="/wiki/Hard_hats" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard hats">hard hats</a>, or pots, with the overall leaders known as redpots.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first Bonfire built with both Corps and non-reg participation was in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-creel_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-creel-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stack was scheduled to burn only days after the <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_assassination" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy assassination">assassination</a> of <a href="/wiki/US_President" class="mw-redirect" title="US President">President</a> <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>. Out of respect, the students dismantled the stack.<sup id="cite_ref-bernstein_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As <a href="/wiki/Aggie_Yell_Leaders" title="Aggie Yell Leaders">Head Yell Leader</a> Mike Marlowe explained, "It is the most we have and the least we can give."<sup id="cite_ref-creel_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-creel-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the following years the structure became more elaborate, and in 1967 the flames could be seen 25 miles (40 km) away. In 1969, the stack of logs set the world record for the height of a bonfire at 109 ft 10 in (33 m) tall.<sup id="cite_ref-bernstein_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WorldRec_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WorldRec-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of concern for the safety of participants and the community, the university limited the size to 55 feet (17 m) tall and 45 feet (14 m) in diameter.<sup id="cite_ref-as_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-as-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As an added precaution, nearby campus buildings were equipped with rooftop <a href="/wiki/Fire_sprinkler_system" title="Fire sprinkler system">sprinkler systems</a>. Despite the new height restrictions, in the 1970s, the <i><a href="/wiki/Guinness_Book_of_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinness Book of Records">Guinness Book of Records</a></i> listed Aggie Bonfire as the largest bonfire in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-bernstein_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design_change">Design change</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Design change"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; width:40%; font-size:90%;"> <caption style="font-size:100%; color:#500000">Stages of bonfire construction (1970s–1999) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#500000; color:white">Stage </th> <th style="background:#500000; color:white">Description </th> <th style="background:#500000; color:white">Length </th> <th style="background:#500000; color:white">Approx. start </th></tr> <tr> <td>Cut / load </td> <td>Trees cut down, logs loaded by hand onto trucks and unloaded on campus </td> <td>4 weeks </td> <td>October </td></tr> <tr> <td>Stack </td> <td>Logs wired into place against the center pole </td> <td>3 weeks </td> <td>Early November </td></tr> <tr> <td>Push </td> <td><a href="/wiki/24/7" class="mw-redirect" title="24/7">24/7</a> effort to finish the first four levels </td> <td>10 days </td> <td>Last 10 days of Stack </td></tr> <tr> <td>Finish </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aggie_Bonfire_leadership" title="Aggie Bonfire leadership">Redpots</a> build the final two levels. </td> <td>1 day </td> <td>Day before Burn </td></tr> <tr> <td>Burn </td> <td>The stack is doused with <a href="/wiki/Jet_fuel" title="Jet fuel">jet fuel</a> and lit on fire. </td> <td>1 day </td> <td>1 or 2 nights before the football game versus <a href="/wiki/Texas_Longhorns" title="Texas Longhorns">Texas</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 1978, Bonfire shifted from its previous teepee design to a <a href="/wiki/Wedding_cake" title="Wedding cake">wedding cake</a> style, in which upper stacks of logs were wedged on top of lower stacks. The structure was built around a fortified center pole, made from two <a href="/wiki/Telephone_poles" class="mw-redirect" title="Telephone poles">telephone poles</a> spliced together by cutting matching notches, approximately 10 feet (3 m) long, and with 5 US gallons (19 L) of glue. Four steel plates were bolted to the two poles, and a <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> inch (9.5 mm) cable wrapped around the joint and secured to the pole with steel staples. Four perimeter poles were placed 150 feet (46 m) away and ropes were stretched between the perimeter poles to center poles and tension placed on them to hold the center pole together. After the center pole was erected, logs were placed vertically around it in a multi-tiered wedding cake design composed of thousands of logs.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1984, the logs were sloping only 14 <a href="/wiki/Degree_(angle)" title="Degree (angle)">degrees</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-burka2000_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-burka2000-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Spiral" title="Spiral">spiral</a> arrangement of the logs was designed to make Bonfire collapse into itself in a twisting motion, thus protecting spectators.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the tradition stated that if Bonfire burned through midnight then A&M would win the following day's football game, the introduction of the wedding cake design drastically reduced the time it took for Bonfire to fall, sometimes burning for only 30 or 45 minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-burka2000_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-burka2000-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the complexity of the design, there were no formal written instructions or architectural blueprints for the construction of Bonfire. Knowledge on how to build the structure was passed verbally from one redpot to the next. By 1999, the only written documentation on the building of Bonfire was the rough schematic printed on the back of the official Bonfire T-shirt worn by participants from the freshman honors dormitory, Lechner.<sup id="cite_ref-espnEden_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espnEden-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the Bonfires of the 1960s were constructed in five to ten days, working primarily in daylight, by the late 1970s, changes in the school led to a more elaborate and lengthy construction schedule.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction began in late October with "Cut", obtaining wood by cutting down trees with axes, which took several weekends.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Cut, students brought the logs to campus during "Load", a process by which the logs were loaded by hand onto flatbed trucks and brought to campus.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early November, crews began "Stack", a three-week period in which the logs were wired together and Bonfire took shape. Near the end of stack, known as "Push", students worked around the clock in rotating shifts. The first four of the six stacks were built with the efforts of all safety-trained participants. The day before Bonfire was scheduled to burn, junior redpots would build the fifth stack, and then senior redpots would build the sixth.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yelllead-Bonfire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Yelllead-Bonfire.jpg/220px-Yelllead-Bonfire.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Yelllead-Bonfire.jpg/330px-Yelllead-Bonfire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Yelllead-Bonfire.jpg/440px-Yelllead-Bonfire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="962" data-file-height="689" /></a><figcaption>Yell Leaders and the Fightin' Texas Aggie Band follow the Redpots around the bonfire prior to Burn in 1992.</figcaption></figure> <p>During Cut, all logs were felled by hand, with students working in teams to chop down each tree with their axes. The manual labor ensured that participants were invested in each log that went into the Bonfire. Once the trees had fallen, brownpots, the "executive lumberjacks", used chainsaws to cut limbs and prepare the logs.<sup id="cite_ref-espnEden_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espnEden-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To ensure safety during the Stack period, the organizers maintained a perimeter around the working area, and allowed only safety-trained students through. Cranes, donated by local construction companies, assisted in getting logs onto the upper tiers, and volunteers from those companies were on-hand at all times to offer advice. <a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_technician" title="Emergency medical technician">Emergency medical technicians</a> were also required to be on site at all times and no more than 70 students at a time were allowed on the stack.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once the stack was finished, a burnt-orange outhouse with "t.u frat house" painted on the front was placed on top of the stack.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-turef_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turef-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-eagle1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eagle1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although between two and five thousand students participated in the construction of Bonfire each year, most worked only part-time, and many worked only one or two shifts.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Student workers were organized by dormitories or Corps units, with a separate off-campus student team. Many former students participated with teams they belonged to as students. Each team had assigned shifts, although individuals were not limited to working only the assigned shifts.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students working on Bonfire wore "grodes"—old T-shirts, jeans, and boots. By tradition, grodes were either not washed until after Bonfire burned or not washed at all.<sup id="cite_ref-stratton_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stratton-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1983, the city of College Station began manufacturing <a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a> <a href="/wiki/City_limits" title="City limits">city limits</a> signs for students to place at the summit of the Bonfire so that students would stop stealing signs from Austin.<sup id="cite_ref-bernstein_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Fightin%27_Texas_Aggie_Band" title="Fightin' Texas Aggie Band">Fightin' Texas Aggie Band</a> began building the outhouse, ending the tradition of stealing Bonfire's components.<sup id="cite_ref-bragg1985_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bragg1985-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Killtree-Bonfire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Killtree-Bonfire.jpg/220px-Killtree-Bonfire.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Killtree-Bonfire.jpg/330px-Killtree-Bonfire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Killtree-Bonfire.jpg/440px-Killtree-Bonfire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="607" data-file-height="690" /></a><figcaption>Student felling a tree for Bonfire</figcaption></figure> <p>Although women were allowed to serve coffee and provide first aid in the late 1960s, in 1974 they were officially banned from both Cut and Stack. The ban was partially rescinded in 1979, when women were again allowed to participate in Cut, and completely rescinded in 1981. Few women participated in the early years, as female volunteers were subject to verbal abuse from their male counterparts.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1987, two female photographers from the school yearbook alleged that male workers shouted obscenities and threw dirt on them as they tried to take pictures of the raising of the center pole. The redpots responded that women were always welcome to participate as long as they did their share of the work, and that the photographers were standing dangerously close to the stack.<sup id="cite_ref-bragg_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bragg-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To find their own place in the Bonfire hierarchy, female students founded the all-female Bonfire Reload Crew to provide refreshments to those working at Cut and Stack.<sup id="cite_ref-women_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-women-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Injuries plagued the construction process. In 1981, student Wiley Keith Jopling died after being run over by a tractor at the Cut site.<sup id="cite_ref-chron15Nov1989_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chron15Nov1989-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the 1985 Cut site, one student broke his hip,<sup id="cite_ref-bragg1985_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bragg1985-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, in 1989, another student lost two fingers when logs crushed his hand.<sup id="cite_ref-rugeley_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rugeley-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fractures and amputations were rare, but many students suffered cuts, scrapes, or exposure to <a href="/wiki/Poison_ivy" title="Poison ivy">poison ivy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bernstein_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bragg1985_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bragg1985-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hazing" title="Hazing">Hazing</a>, including beatings with ax handles, was common.<sup id="cite_ref-espnEden_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espnEden-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1980s also saw increased alcohol consumption during the Bonfire ceremony. In 1988, police issued 140 <a href="/wiki/Minor_in_Possession" title="Minor in Possession">Minor in Possession</a> (of alcohol) citations and arrested six people. The following year, the local police department brought a <a href="/wiki/Paddywagon" class="mw-redirect" title="Paddywagon">paddywagon</a> to the site for the first time, as they anticipated mass arrests for alcohol violations.<sup id="cite_ref-rugeley_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rugeley-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As many as 150 police officers were on duty during the Bonfire burning from the Texas A&M and College Station police departments and the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Alcoholic_Beverage_Commission" title="Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission">Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fox_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fox-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1989, the Campus Ministry Association, representing 17 religious denominations, unanimously approved a resolution asking the university to change Bonfire because of concerns about safety, participant academic performance, humanitarian considerations, and the environment. Shortly afterwards, the Faculty Senate's Committee of the Whole approved a resolution asking for a panel to explore alternatives to Bonfire.<sup id="cite_ref-chron15Nov1989_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chron15Nov1989-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although students protested Bonfire's environmental impact since 1970, no changes were made for decades.<sup id="cite_ref-smith2007_3-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1990, student Scott Hantman asked the Bonfire leadership to help him address the problem. The group solicited volunteers, and in the spring of 1991, they planted 400 trees. The tradition, <a href="/wiki/Aggie_Replant" class="mw-redirect" title="Aggie Replant">Aggie Replant</a>, has been repeated annually. The Replant organization became independent of Bonfire in 1994 when it gained its own Student Government Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-Replant_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Replant-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_years">Later years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rebuilt-Aggie-Bonfire-1994.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Rebuilt-Aggie-Bonfire-1994.jpg/220px-Rebuilt-Aggie-Bonfire-1994.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Rebuilt-Aggie-Bonfire-1994.jpg/330px-Rebuilt-Aggie-Bonfire-1994.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Rebuilt-Aggie-Bonfire-1994.jpg/440px-Rebuilt-Aggie-Bonfire-1994.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1142" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption>Students finishing the rebuild of the 1994 Bonfire<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>After being held at the Duncan Intramural Fields on the south side of A&M's campus for 27 years, in 1992, Bonfire was relocated to the Polo Fields on the northeast corner of campus. This more isolated site, with a larger area for people to gather, made it a safer location.<sup id="cite_ref-move_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-move-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After heavy rains in 1994, the partially completed Bonfire began to slowly lean to the side as the soil underneath shifted. Student officials had enough warning to clear the area and tear down the Bonfire one week before its scheduled burn date.<sup id="cite_ref-bernstein_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bernstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-women_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-women-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nine tractors, two bulldozers, and two forklifts dismantled the stack on October 26, 1994 (three weeks earlier than usual; the Aggies' game vs. Texas was moved from Thanksgiving weekend to the first weekend of November due to the NCAA's ban against Texas A&M from appearing on television that season), which, at 70% completed, stood 40 feet (12 m) tall and 45 feet (14 m) wide.<sup id="cite_ref-stewart_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stewart-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students and alumni flocked to the Polo Fields, working around the clock, to rebuild the Bonfire in time for the game.<sup id="cite_ref-creel_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-creel-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was completed only hours before it was scheduled to burn.<sup id="cite_ref-rebuild_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rebuild-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the 1994 Bonfire was burned, two tons of <a href="/wiki/Lime_(mineral)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lime (mineral)">lime</a> were spread on the Polo Fields to stabilize the ground. This layer hardened to a consistency similar to concrete.<sup id="cite_ref-lebas2000_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lebas2000-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1996 a student, Greg White, died in a car accident on his way home from Cut. The student and several companions were riding in the bed of a <a href="/wiki/Pickup_truck" title="Pickup truck">pickup truck</a> when the driver lost control and the truck rolled. Nine other students were injured.<sup id="cite_ref-1996accident_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1996accident-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In its later years, students building Bonfire used logs donated by local landowners who wanted their land cleared for construction or farming.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 8000 logs were used each year in the late 1990s, taking about 5000 students a combined 125,000 man-hours to construct.<sup id="cite_ref-as_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-as-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After being doused in 700 <a href="/wiki/Pound_(mass)" title="Pound (mass)">lb</a> (318 kg) of <a href="/wiki/Kerosene" title="Kerosene">jet fuel</a>, applied by staff members at A&M's Fire Training School, the Redpots and <a href="/wiki/Yell_Leaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Yell Leaders">Yell Leaders</a> then lit the stack with torches the night before the annual football game against the University of Texas when at home and two nights before the game when it was played in Austin.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This event was popular among current and former students and people traveled from all over the state and the nation to observe the burning of Bonfire. Hotel rooms within 65 miles (105 km) of College Station were booked weeks or months in advance of the date Bonfire burned.<sup id="cite_ref-turner_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turner-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crowds ranged from 30,000 to 70,000 people, depending on the weather and the strength of the Aggie football team.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1998 Bonfire was broadcast live on <a href="/wiki/Fox_Sports_Net" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox Sports Net">Fox Sports Southwest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fox_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fox-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1999_collapse">1999 collapse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1999 collapse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1999_Aggie_Bonfire_collapse" title="1999 Aggie Bonfire collapse">1999 Aggie Bonfire collapse</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bonfire-Daylight-Recovery.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Bonfire-Daylight-Recovery.JPG/220px-Bonfire-Daylight-Recovery.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Bonfire-Daylight-Recovery.JPG/330px-Bonfire-Daylight-Recovery.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Bonfire-Daylight-Recovery.JPG/440px-Bonfire-Daylight-Recovery.JPG 2x" data-file-width="920" data-file-height="552" /></a><figcaption>Bonfire recovery, November 18, 1999</figcaption></figure> <p>At approximately 2:42 a.m. on November 18, 1999,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 59-foot-high stack, consisting of about 5000 logs, collapsed during construction.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the 58 students and former students working on the stack, 12 were killed and 27 were injured.<sup id="cite_ref-homeland_8-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-homeland-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Immediately after the collapse, Emergency Medical Technicians and trained <a href="/wiki/Certified_first_responder" title="Certified first responder">First Responders</a> of the Texas A&M Emergency Care Team (TAMECT), a student-run, volunteer service, who staffed each stage of construction, administered first aid. TAMECT alerted the University Police and University EMS (also a student-run service), who dispatched all remaining university medics, and requested <a href="/wiki/Mutual_aid_(emergency_services)" title="Mutual aid (emergency services)">mutual aid</a> from the surrounding agencies.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the mutual aid received from the College Station and <a href="/wiki/Bryan,_Texas" title="Bryan, Texas">Bryan</a>, Texas EMS, Fire, and Police Departments, members of <a href="/wiki/Urban_Search_and_Rescue_Texas_Task_Force_1" title="Urban Search and Rescue Texas Task Force 1">Texas Task Force 1</a>, the state's elite emergency response team, arrived to assist the rescue efforts.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bonfire_Memorial">Bonfire Memorial</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bonfire Memorial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bonfire_Memorial.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bonfire_Memorial.JPG/220px-Bonfire_Memorial.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bonfire_Memorial.JPG/330px-Bonfire_Memorial.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bonfire_Memorial.JPG/440px-Bonfire_Memorial.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The Bonfire Memorial Spirit Ring</figcaption></figure> <p>A memorial was constructed on the university polo fields, the site of the accident. Construction began in October 2003 and was completed by November 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-spruce_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spruce-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 18, 2004, five years following the incident, the Bonfire Memorial was officially dedicated. The memorial is composed of three design elements:<sup id="cite_ref-mfon_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mfon-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Tradition Plaza – Marks the entrance to the memorial and reflects on Aggie traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-mfon_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mfon-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>History Walk – Consists of 89 stones representing the 89 previous years of Bonfire. A gap in the timeline signifies the 1963 Bonfire, which did not burn due to the John F. Kennedy assassination. The three previous Bonfire-related deaths are also memorialized on this timeline.<sup id="cite_ref-mfon_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mfon-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Spirit Ring – The ring surrounds the site of the collapse and represents the spirit that brought the students together. Twelve portals are placed around the ring, oriented toward each student's hometown. Twenty-seven stones complete the ring, representing the 27 students injured in the collapse.<sup id="cite_ref-design_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-design-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The memorial design has been recognized by several organizations as an outstanding architectural design and masonry accomplishment. The <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Architects" title="American Institute of Architects">American Institute of Architects</a>, San Antonio Chapter, recognized the memorial as a winner of the 2005 AIA San Antonio Design Award.<sup id="cite_ref-AIA-SA_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AIA-SA-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The memorial also was recognized as a winner of the 2005 <a href="/wiki/Mason_Contractors_Association_of_America" title="Mason Contractors Association of America">MCAA</a> International Excellence in Masonry Awards.<sup id="cite_ref-Masonry_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Masonry-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To further honor the victims, in 2000, the Aggie Replant Committee planted 12 <a href="/wiki/Live_oak" title="Live oak">live oak</a> trees at the Polo Grounds.<sup id="cite_ref-Replant_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Replant-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_Bonfire">Student Bonfire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Student Bonfire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2007-SBF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/2007-SBF.jpg/170px-2007-SBF.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/2007-SBF.jpg/255px-2007-SBF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/2007-SBF.jpg/340px-2007-SBF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="1190" /></a><figcaption>The 2007 Student Bonfire</figcaption></figure> <p>Shortly after the university officially cancelled Bonfire, students began planning an unofficial bonfire for November 2002. Known as the "Unity Project", it became the first unofficial Bonfire since the 1930s. This fire consisted of three piles of wood, with the center stack being 35 feet (11 m) high.<sup id="cite_ref-badger_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-badger-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite a lack of official advertisement, over one thousand spectators attended.<sup id="cite_ref-espnEden_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espnEden-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following year, the unofficial event was rebranded Student Bonfire.<sup id="cite_ref-windle_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-windle-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Now a <a href="/wiki/501(c)(3)" class="mw-redirect" title="501(c)(3)">501(c)(3)</a> nonprofit organization, Student Bonfire has official bylaws and a Board of Directors comprising former students. The bylaws specify the design that must be used each year, and no changes have been permitted since the first burn in 2003. This design, based on the recommendation of the 2002 university task force and approved by a structural engineer, results in a Bonfire less than half the size of those from the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-espnEden_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espnEden-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a departure from previous practice, every log in the stack touches the ground. To maintain the traditional wedding-cake design, the logs are cut to different heights, with the tallest set reaching 32 feet (9.8 m) high. The lowered height eliminates the need for a spliced center pole. Instead, a single utility pole, sunk 15 feet (4.6 m) into the ground, serves as the center pole. As in the pre-1999 versions of Bonfire, each log is tied to the log next to it with baling wire. To further fortify the structure, aircraft-grade steel cable is wrapped around each tier.<sup id="cite_ref-espnEden_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espnEden-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For added support, four 24-foot (7.3 m) poles are spaced evenly around the stack and then bolted to the 45-foot (14 m) center pole, each with a steel pipe. These poles are known as Windle-sticks, after Levi Windle, a staunch supporter of Student Bonfire who died in an unrelated accident in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-windle_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-windle-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hensley_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hensley-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thebatt_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thebatt-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Board changed or eliminated many of the minor traditions that had proliferated during Aggie Bonfire, primarily for safety reasons. Alcohol is prohibited, and hazing has been banned. The Bonfire leadership structure has remained in place, although in 2014 only 10 of the 26 dorms were represented by Bonfire crews.<sup id="cite_ref-espnEden_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espnEden-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Attendance for Student Bonfire ranges from 8,000 to 15,000 people and the event is held in <a href="/wiki/Brazos_County,_Texas" title="Brazos County, Texas">Brazos County</a> or one of the surrounding counties.<sup id="cite_ref-windle_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-windle-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2013 Student Bonfire attracted 12,000 people, despite being postponed until January due to flooding.<sup id="cite_ref-espnEden_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espnEden-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was a virtual Burn in 2020 due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, and the only persons allowed to attend in-person were those that built it. In 2022, the stack site was moved up the road, but the new site was located on a flood plain. Frequent rain during Stack season causing deep mud at the site, and forecasted rain for Burn night, forced Burn to be delayed to January 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dictionary-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dictionary_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://209.189.226.235/stories/110106/am_20061101007.php">the original</a> on December 25, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 3,</span> 2007</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bryan-College+Station+Eagle&rft.atitle=A+year+after+fiasco%2C+student+bonfire+set+to+burn&rft.date=2006-11-01&rft.aulast=Hensley&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F209.189.226.235%2Fstories%2F110106%2Fam_20061101007.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAggie+Bonfire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thebatt-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-thebatt_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBart2003" class="citation news cs1">Bart, Shirley (October 20, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080810221752/http://media.www.thebatt.com/media/storage/paper657/news/2003/10/20/News/Student.Dies.After.Accidental.Fall-533040.shtml">"Student dies after accidental fall"</a>. thebatt.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.www.thebatt.com/media/storage/paper657/news/2003/10/20/News/Student.Dies.After.Accidental.Fall-533040.shtml">the original</a> on August 10, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 7,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Student+dies+after+accidental+fall&rft.date=2003-10-20&rft.aulast=Bart&rft.aufirst=Shirley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.www.thebatt.com%2Fmedia%2Fstorage%2Fpaper657%2Fnews%2F2003%2F10%2F20%2FNews%2FStudent.Dies.After.Accidental.Fall-533040.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAggie+Bonfire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSurette2022" class="citation web cs1">Surette, Rusty (November 28, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kbtx.com/2022/11/28/this-years-student-bonfire-rescheduled-january-2023/">"This year's Student Bonfire rescheduled for January 2023"</a>. <i>KBTX</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KBTX&rft.atitle=This+year%27s+Student+Bonfire+rescheduled+for+January+2023&rft.date=2022-11-28&rft.aulast=Surette&rft.aufirst=Rusty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kbtx.com%2F2022%2F11%2F28%2Fthis-years-student-bonfire-rescheduled-january-2023%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAggie+Bonfire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Texas Aggie Bonfire : tradition and tragedy at Texas A&M</i>, (2000), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9679433-0-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9679433-0-5">978-0-9679433-0-5</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggie_Bonfire&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235611614">.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);margin:0.5em 0;padding:0.2em;line-height:1.5em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-header{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-listen-to{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_School_of_Education_and_Human_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M University School of Education and Human Development">Education and Human Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Look_College_of_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwight Look College of Engineering">Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_College_of_Geosciences" title="Texas A&M University College of Geosciences">Geosciences</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_School_of_Government_and_Public_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Bush School of Government and Public Service">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_School_of_Law" title="Texas A&M University School of Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_College_of_Liberal_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M University College of Liberal Arts"> Liberal Arts</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_A%26M_University_School_of_Performance,_Visualization_%26_Fine_Arts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas A&M University School of Performance, Visualization & Fine Arts (page does not exist)">Performance, Visualization & Fine Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_College_of_Science" title="Texas A&M University College of Science"> Science</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine_%26_Biomedical_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences">Veterinary Medicine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#500000;color:white;"><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Health" title="Texas A&M Health"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Texas A&M Health</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_College_of_Dentistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M University College of Dentistry">Dentistry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_A%26M_University_School_of_Engineering_Medicine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas A&M University School of Engineering Medicine (page does not exist)">Engineering Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Health_Science_Center_College_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Health_Science_Center_Graduate_School_of_Biomedical_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M Health Science Center Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences">Biomedical Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Health_Science_Center_School_of_Public_Health" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health">Public Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irma_Lerma_Rangel_College_of_Pharmacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy">Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Health_Science_Center_College_of_Nursing" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Nursing">Nursing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Biosciences_and_Technology" title="Institute of Biosciences and Technology">Institute of Biosciences and Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#500000;color:white;">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aggie_Doppler_Radar" title="Aggie Doppler Radar">Doppler Radar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagler_Institute_for_Advanced_Study" title="Hagler Institute for Advanced Study">Hagler Institute for Advanced Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrative_Center_for_Homeland_Security" title="Integrative Center for Homeland Security">Integrative Center for Homeland Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_Libraries" title="Texas A&M University Libraries">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Nuclear_Science_Center" title="Texas A&M Nuclear Science Center">Nuclear Science Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Astronomical_Observatory" title="Texas A&M Astronomical Observatory">Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Engineering_Experiment_Station" title="Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station">Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Engineering_Extension_Service" title="Texas A&M Engineering Extension Service">Texas A&M Engineering Extension Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Transportation_Institute" title="Texas A&M Transportation Institute">Texas A&M Transportation Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;"><div id="Athletics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies" title="Texas A&M Aggies"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Athletics</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#500000;color:white;">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies_baseball" title="Texas A&M Aggies baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies_men%27s_basketball" title="Texas A&M Aggies men's basketball">Men's Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies_women%27s_basketball" title="Texas A&M Aggies women's basketball">Women's Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football" title="Texas A&M Aggies football">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies_women%27s_soccer" title="Texas A&M Aggies women's soccer">Women's Soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies_softball" title="Texas A&M Aggies softball">Softball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#500000;color:white;">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%E2%80%93Texas_A%26M_football_rivalry" title="Arkansas–Texas A&M football rivalry">Arkansas–Texas A&M football rivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Brazos" title="Battle of the Brazos">Battle of the Brazos</a> (Baylor)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Farm_Lone_Star_Showdown" class="mw-redirect" title="State Farm Lone Star Showdown">Lone Star Showdown</a> (Texas)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M%E2%80%93Texas_Tech_football_rivalry" title="Texas A&M–Texas Tech football rivalry">Texas A&M–Texas Tech football rivalry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#500000;color:white;">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Davis_Diamond" title="Davis Diamond">Davis Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellis_Field_(Texas_A%26M)" title="Ellis Field (Texas A&M)">Ellis Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Rollie_White_Coliseum" title="G. Rollie White Coliseum">G. Rollie White Coliseum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilliam_Indoor_Track_Stadium" title="Gilliam Indoor Track Stadium">Gilliam Indoor Track Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyle_Field" title="Kyle Field">Kyle Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olsen_Field_at_Blue_Bell_Park" title="Olsen Field at Blue Bell Park">Olsen Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_Arena" title="Reed Arena">Reed Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Rec_Center_Natatorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Student Rec Center Natatorium">Student Rec Center Natatorium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#500000;color:white;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_head_football_coaches" title="List of Texas A&M Aggies head football coaches">Football head coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Blair" title="Gary Blair">Gary Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Byrne_(athletic_director)" title="Bill Byrne (athletic director)">Bill Byrne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Denton" title="Steve Denton">Steve Denton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Evans" title="Jo Evans">Jo Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimbo_Fisher" title="Jimbo Fisher">Jimbo Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Henry_(athletics_coach)" title="Pat Henry (athletics coach)">Pat Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Schlossnagle" title="Jim Schlossnagle">Jim Schlossnagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._C._Slocum" title="R. C. Slocum">R. C. Slocum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buzz_Williams" title="Buzz Williams">Buzz Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#500000;color:white;">Conferences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Conference" title="Southwest Conference">Southwest (SWC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_12_Conference" title="Big 12 Conference">Big 12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Conference" title="Southeastern Conference">Southeastern (SEC)</a> - <small>Current</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;"><div id="Campus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Campus_of_Texas_A%26M_University" title="Campus of Texas A&M University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Campus</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_Station,_Texas" title="College Station, Texas">Aggieland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bush_Presidential_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="George Bush Presidential Library">Bush Library and Museum</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_the_Wall_Came_Down" title="The Day the Wall Came Down">The Day the Wall Came Down</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easterwood_Airport" title="Easterwood Airport">Easterwood Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Texas_A%26M_University" title="History of Texas A&M University">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Station,_Texas#Northgate" title="College Station, Texas">Northgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="Riverside Campus">Riverside Campus</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Branches</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_at_Galveston" title="Texas A&M University at Galveston">Galveston</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_at_Qatar" title="Texas A&M University at Qatar">Qatar</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;"><div id="Student_life" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University#Student_life" title="Texas A&M University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Student life</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fightin%27_Texas_Aggie_Band" title="Fightin' Texas Aggie Band">Aggie Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AggieCon" title="AggieCon">AggieCon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Battalion" title="The Battalion">The Battalion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_Century_Singers" title="Texas A&M University Century Singers">Century Singers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_Corps_of_Cadets" title="Texas A&M University Corps of Cadets">Corps of Cadets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_Student_Services_v._Texas_A%26M_University" title="Gay Student Services v. Texas A&M University">Gay Student Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAMU-FM" title="KAMU-FM">KAMU 90.9 FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAMU-TV" title="KAMU-TV">KAMU TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KANM_(Texas_A%26M_University)" title="KANM (Texas A&M University)">KANM Student Radio</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Mugdown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Mugdown (page does not exist)">The Mugdown</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSC_Town_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="MSC Town Hall">MSC Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Singing_Cadets" title="Texas A&M Singing Cadets">Singing Cadets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_of_Aggieland" title="Spirit of Aggieland">Spirit of Aggieland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Government_Association_at_Texas_A%26M_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Student Government Association at Texas A&M University">Student Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Wind_Symphony" title="Texas A&M Wind Symphony">Wind Symphony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;"><div id="Traditions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Traditions_of_Texas_A%26M_University" title="Traditions of Texas A&M University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Traditions</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/12th_man_(football)" title="12th man (football)">The 12th Man</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aggie Bonfire</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Aggie_Bonfire_leadership" title="Aggie Bonfire leadership">leadership roles</a>, <a href="/wiki/1999_Aggie_Bonfire_collapse" title="1999 Aggie Bonfire collapse">1999 collapse</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_Walk_(Texas_A%26M)" title="Elephant Walk (Texas A&M)">Elephant Walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Yell_Practice" title="Midnight Yell Practice">Midnight Yell Practice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muster_(Texas_A%26M_University)" title="Muster (Texas A&M University)">Muster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reveille_(dog)" title="Reveille (dog)">Reveille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Association_of_Former_Students" title="The Association of Former Students">The Association of Former Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aggie_War_Hymn" title="Aggie War Hymn">War Hymn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aggie_Yell_Leaders" title="Aggie Yell Leaders">Yell Leaders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;"><div id="Related" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Texas_A%26M_University" title="History of Texas A&M University">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_A%26M_University_people" title="List of Texas A&M University people">List of notable people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_A%26M_University_presidents" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Texas A&M University presidents">List of presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Texas_A%26M_University_terms" title="Glossary of Texas A&M University terms">Terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trotter_Prize_(Texas_A%26M)" title="Trotter Prize (Texas A&M)">Trotter Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_Press" title="Texas A&M University Press">University Press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;"><div> <ul><li><b>Established</b> 1876</li> <li><b>Endowment</b> $4.69 billion</li> <li><b>Students</b> 60,435</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Texas_A&amp;M_Aggies_football" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_navbox" title="Template:Texas A&M Aggies football navbox"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_navbox" title="Template talk:Texas A&M Aggies football navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Texas A&M Aggies football navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Texas_A&amp;M_Aggies_football" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football" title="Texas A&M Aggies football"><span style="color:white">Texas A&M Aggies football</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;;width:1%">Venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyle_Field" title="Kyle Field">Kyle Field</a> (1904–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;;width:1%">Bowls & rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_bowl_games" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Texas A&M Aggies bowl games">Bowl games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%E2%80%93Texas_A%26M_football_rivalry" title="Arkansas–Texas A&M football rivalry">Arkansas</a></li> <li>Baylor: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Brazos" title="Battle of the Brazos">Battle of the Brazos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSU%E2%80%93Texas_A%26M_football_rivalry" title="LSU–Texas A&M football rivalry">LSU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCU%E2%80%93Texas_A%26M_football_rivalry" title="TCU–Texas A&M football rivalry">TCU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas%E2%80%93Texas_A%26M_football_rivalry" title="Texas–Texas A&M football rivalry">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M%E2%80%93Texas_Tech_football_rivalry" title="Texas A&M–Texas Tech football rivalry">Texas Tech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;;width:1%">Culture & lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reveille_(dog)" title="Reveille (dog)">Reveille</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Aggie_War_Hymn" title="Aggie War Hymn">Aggie War Hymn</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fightin%27_Texas_Aggie_Band" title="Fightin' Texas Aggie Band">Aggie Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_man_(football)#Texas_A&M_tradition" title="12th man (football)">12th man</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aggie Bonfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junction_Boys" title="Junction Boys">Junction Boys</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Junction_Boys_(film)" title="The Junction Boys (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_under_Mike_Sherman" title="Texas A&M Aggies football under Mike Sherman">Sherman era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_LSU_vs._Texas_A%26M_football_game" title="2018 LSU vs. Texas A&M football game">Highest scoring Division I game</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_head_football_coaches" title="List of Texas A&M Aggies head football coaches">Head coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_statistical_leaders" title="Texas A&M Aggies football statistical leaders">Statistical leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_in_the_NFL_draft" title="List of Texas A&M Aggies in the NFL draft">NFL draftees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_seasons" title="List of Texas A&M Aggies football seasons"><span style="color:white">Seasons</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1894_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1894 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1894</a></li> <li><span style="color:gray">1895</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1896 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1897_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1897 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1898 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1898</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1899_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1899 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1900 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1901_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1901 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1902 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1903 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1904 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1905 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1906 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1907 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1908 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1909 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1909</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1910_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1910 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1911 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1912 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1913 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1914 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1915 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1916 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1917 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1918 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1918</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1919_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1919 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1919</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1920 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1921_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1921 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1922 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1923 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1924 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1925 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1926 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1926</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1927_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1927 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1927</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1928 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1929 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1930 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1931 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1932 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1933 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1934 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1935 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1936 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1937 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1938 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1938</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1939_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1939 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1939</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1940 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1941 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1942 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1943 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1944 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1945 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1946 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1947 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1948 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1949 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1950 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1951 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1952 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1953 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1954 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1955 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1956 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1957 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1958 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1959 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1960 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1961 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1962 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1963 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1964 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1965 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1966 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1967 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1968 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1969 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1970 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1971 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1972 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1973 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1974 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1975 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1976 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1977 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1978 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1979 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1980 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1981 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1982 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1983 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1984 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1985 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1986 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1987 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1988 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1989 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1990 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1991 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1992 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1993 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1994 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1995 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1996 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1997 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1998 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="1999 Texas A&M Aggies football team">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2000 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2001 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2002 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2003 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2004 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2005 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2006 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2007 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2008 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2009 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2010 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2011 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2012 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2013 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2014 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2015 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2016 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2017 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2018 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2019 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2020 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2021 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2022 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2023 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Texas_A%26M_Aggies_football_team" title="2024 Texas A&M Aggies football team">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#500000;color:white;"><div>National championship seasons in bold</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Aggie_Bonfire&params=30.6227_N_96.3352_W_region:US-TX_type:landmark&title=Bonfire+Memorial"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">30°37′22″N</span> <span class="longitude">96°20′07″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">30.6227°N 96.3352°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">30.6227; -96.3352</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Bonfire Memorial</span>)</span></span></span></a></span> - Bonfire Memorial</span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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