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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Frontier on the Una River</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frontier_on_the_Una_River-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prelude" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prelude"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Prelude</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prelude-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Siege" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Siege"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Siege</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Siege-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> 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reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Siege of Gvozdansko</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in 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interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opsada_Gvozdanskog_1577._%E2%80%93_1578." title="Opsada Gvozdanskog 1577. – 1578. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Opsada Gvozdanskog 1577. – 1578." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gvozdansko_aplenkums" title="Gvozdansko aplenkums – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gvozdansko aplenkums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Опсада 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system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&params=45.133_N_16.215_E_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°07′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">16°12′54″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.133°N 16.215°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.133; 16.215</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Part of the Hundred Years' Croatian-Ottoman War</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Siege of Gvozdansko</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Croatian-Ottoman_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Hundred Years' Croatian-Ottoman War">Hundred Years' Croatian-Ottoman War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gvozdansko_1729.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Gvozdansko_1729.jpg/220px-Gvozdansko_1729.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Gvozdansko_1729.jpg/330px-Gvozdansko_1729.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Gvozdansko_1729.jpg 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="717" /></a></span><br />Gvozdansko Castle on a 1729 painting</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>3 October 1577 – 13 January 1578</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Gvozdansko_Castle" title="Gvozdansko Castle">Gvozdansko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Kingdom of Croatia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchy</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&params=45.133_N_16.215_E_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°07′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">16°12′54″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.133°N 16.215°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.133; 16.215</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Ottoman victory</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Territorial<br />changes</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Gvozdansko" title="Gvozdansko">Gvozdansko</a> captured by the Ottoman Empire</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg/23px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg/35px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg/45px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg Monarchy</a> </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coa_Croatia_Country_History_(Fojnica_Armorial).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kingdom of Croatia"><img alt="Kingdom of Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28Fojnica_Armorial%29.svg/20px-Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28Fojnica_Armorial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28Fojnica_Armorial%29.svg/30px-Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28Fojnica_Armorial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28Fojnica_Armorial%29.svg/40px-Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28Fojnica_Armorial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="390" /></a></span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Kingdom of Croatia</a></li></ul></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fictitious_Ottoman_flag_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Fictitious_Ottoman_flag_2.svg/24px-Fictitious_Ottoman_flag_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Fictitious_Ottoman_flag_2.svg/36px-Fictitious_Ottoman_flag_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Fictitious_Ottoman_flag_2.svg/48px-Fictitious_Ottoman_flag_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Damjan Doktorović <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br />Juraj Gvozdanović <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br />Nikola Ožegović <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br />Andrija Stepšić <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Ferhad_Pasha_Sokolovi%C4%87" title="Ferhad Pasha Sokolović">Ferhad Pasha Sokolović</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 300 soldiers and miners</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 5,000–10,000 soldiers</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Ottoman%E2%80%93Croatian_wars" title="Template:Campaignbox Ottoman–Croatian wars"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Ottoman%E2%80%93Croatian_wars" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Ottoman–Croatian wars"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Ottoman%E2%80%93Croatian_wars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Ottoman–Croatian wars"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ottoman–Croatian_wars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Croatian%E2%80%93Ottoman_War" title="Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War"><span class="wrap">Ottoman–Croatian wars</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>XV Century</b> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Glina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Glina (page does not exist)">Glina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Bre%C5%BEaca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Brežaca (page does not exist)">Brežaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Una" title="Battle of Una">Una</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Gradi%C5%A1ka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Gradiška (page does not exist)">Gradiška</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vrpile#Battle_of_Kupa_source" title="Battle of Vrpile">Kupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vrpile" title="Battle of Vrpile">Vrpile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krbava_Field" title="Battle of Krbava Field">Krbava field</a></li></ul> <p><b>XVI Century</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dubica" title="Battle of Dubica">Dubica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Novigrad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Novigrad (page does not exist)">Novigrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jajce_(1518)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Jajce (1518)">Jajce (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Plje%C5%A1evica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Plješevica (page does not exist)">Plješevica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Knin" title="Siege of Knin">Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Skradin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Skradin (page does not exist)">Skradin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ostrovica" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Ostrovica">Ostrovica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Jajce_(1525)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Jajce (1525) (page does not exist)">Jajce (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs" title="Battle of Mohács">Mohács</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_G%C3%BCns" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Güns">Kőszeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Klis" title="Siege of Klis">Klis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katzianer%27s_Campaign" title="Katzianer's Campaign">Katzianer's Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Hrastovica_(1558)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Hrastovica (1558) (page does not exist)">Hrastovica (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hrastovica_(1561)" title="Battle of Hrastovica (1561)">Hrastovica (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Moslavina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Moslavina (page does not exist)">Moslavina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Klana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Klana (page does not exist)">Klana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_%C5%BDirovica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Žirovica (page does not exist)">Žirovica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Slatina_(Medieval)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Slatina (Medieval) (page does not exist)">Slatina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Kostajnica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Kostajnica (page does not exist)">Kostajnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Obre%C5%A1ka" title="Battle of Obreška">Obreška</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Krupa" title="Siege of Krupa">Krupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Szigetv%C3%A1r" title="Siege of Szigetvár">Szigetvár</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Buda%C4%8Dki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Budački (page does not exist)">Budački</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Zrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Zrin (page does not exist)">Zrin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gvozdansko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dre%C5%BEnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Drežnik (page does not exist)">Drežnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slunj" title="Battle of Slunj">Slunj</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ivani%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Ivanić (page does not exist)">Ivanić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1592)" title="Siege of Bihać (1592)">Bihać (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brest_(1592)" title="Battle of Brest (1592)">Brest (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_siege_of_Sisak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="First siege of Sisak (page does not exist)">Sisak (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Second_siege_of_Sisak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Second siege of Sisak (page does not exist)">Sisak (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sisak" title="Battle of Sisak">Sisak (III)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fourth_siege_of_Sisak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fourth siege of Sisak (page does not exist)">Sisak (IV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brest_(1596)" title="Battle of Brest (1596)">Brest (II)</a></li></ul> <p><b>XVII Century</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Peru%C5%A1i%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Perušić (page does not exist)">Perušić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Zr%C3%ADnyi%C3%BAjv%C3%A1r" title="First Battle of Zrínyiújvár">Novi Zrin (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Zr%C3%ADnyi%C3%BAjv%C3%A1r" title="Second Battle of Zrínyiújvár">Novi Zrin (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Campaign_of_Austro-Turkish_War_(1663%E2%80%931664)" title="Winter Campaign of Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664)">Winter Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_P%C3%A9cs_(1664)" title="Siege of Pécs (1664)">Pécs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kanizsa_(1664)" title="Siege of Kanizsa (1664)">Kanizsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Novi_Zrin_(1664)" title="Siege of Novi Zrin (1664)">Novi Zrin (III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_K%C3%B6rmend" title="Battle of Körmend">Körmend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Virovitica_(1684)" title="Siege of Virovitica (1684)">Virovitica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osijek_Campaign" title="Osijek Campaign">Osijek Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luka_Ibri%C5%A1imovi%C4%87#Battle_of_Sokolovac" title="Luka Ibrišimović">Battle of Sokolovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian_theater_in_Great_Turkish_War#Siege_of_Udbina" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian theater in Great Turkish War">Siege of Udbina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1697)" title="Siege of Bihać (1697)">Bihać (II)</a></li></ul> <p><b>XVIII Century</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Sinj_(1715)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Sinj (1715) (page does not exist)">Siege of Sinj (1715)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relief_of_Cetingrad" title="Relief of Cetingrad">Cetingrad</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>See also: <i><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Ottoman%E2%80%93Habsburg_Wars" title="Template:Campaignbox Ottoman–Habsburg Wars">Ottoman–Habsburg wars</a></i></dd></dl></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ottoman–Habsburg_wars" 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style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Ottoman%E2%80%93Habsburg_Wars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Ottoman–Habsburg Wars"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ottoman–Habsburg_wars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Habsburg_wars" title="Ottoman–Habsburg wars"><span class="wrap">Ottoman–Habsburg wars</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Hungary and the Balkans</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs" title="Battle of Mohács">Mohács</a> (1526)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_campaign_of_1527%E2%80%931528" title="Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528">Hungarian campaign</a> (1527–28)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Croatian%E2%80%93Ottoman_War" title="Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War">Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War</a> (1527–1593)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suleiman_I%27s_campaign_of_1529" title="Suleiman I's campaign of 1529">Hungary</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vienna_(1529)" title="Siege of Vienna (1529)">Vienna</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habsburg%E2%80%93Ottoman_wars_in_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931568)" title="Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568)">Little Wars in Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habsburg%E2%80%93Ottoman_war_of_1529%E2%80%931533" title="Habsburg–Ottoman war of 1529–1533">(1529–1533)</a> <a href="/wiki/Habsburg%E2%80%93Ottoman_war_of_1540%E2%80%931547" title="Habsburg–Ottoman war of 1540–1547">(1540–1547)</a> <a href="/wiki/Habsburg%E2%80%93Ottoman_war_of_1551%E2%80%931562" title="Habsburg–Ottoman war of 1551–1562">(1551–1562)</a> <a href="/wiki/Habsburg%E2%80%93Ottoman_war_of_1565%E2%80%931568" title="Habsburg–Ottoman war of 1565–1568">(1565–1568)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gy%C5%91r_(1577)" title="Battle of Győr (1577)">Győr</a> (1577)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bicske" title="Battle of Bicske">Bicske</a> (1578)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Turkish_War" title="Long Turkish War">Long War</a> (1593–1606)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bocskai_uprising" title="Bocskai uprising">Bocskai uprising</a> (1604–1606)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_(1663%E2%80%931664)" title="Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664)">Austro-Turkish War</a> (1663–64)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Turkish_War" title="Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a> (1683–1699)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_of_1716%E2%80%931718" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Turkish War of 1716–1718">Austro-Turkish War</a> (1716–1718)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1735%E2%80%931739)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)">Russo-Turkish War</a> (1735–1739)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_(1788%E2%80%931791)" title="Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)">Austro-Turkish War</a> (1788–91)</li></ul> <p><b>Mediterranean</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Castle_of_Saint_George" title="Siege of the Castle of Saint George">Cephalonia</a> (1500)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_raid_on_the_Balearic_Islands_(1501)" title="Ottoman raid on the Balearic Islands (1501)">Balearics</a> (1501)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algiers_expedition_(1516)" title="Algiers expedition (1516)">1st Algiers</a> (1516)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Tlemcen_(1518)" title="Fall of Tlemcen (1518)">Tlemcen</a> (1518)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algiers_expedition_(1519)" title="Algiers expedition (1519)">2nd Algiers</a> (1519)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_of_Algiers_(1529)" title="Capture of Peñón of Algiers (1529)">3rd Algiers</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Formentera" title="Battle of Formentera">Formentera</a> (1529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_of_Cherchell_(1531)" title="Campaign of Cherchell (1531)">Cherchell</a> (1531)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Coron_(1533%E2%80%931534)" title="Siege of Coron (1533–1534)">Coron</a> (1533–1534)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1534)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1534)">1st Tunis</a> (1534)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1535)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1535)">2nd Tunis</a> (1535)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Mah%C3%B3n" title="Sack of Mahón">Mahón</a> (1535)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Preveza" title="Battle of Preveza">Preveza</a> (1538)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Castelnuovo" title="Siege of Castelnuovo">Castelnuovo</a> (1539)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Girolata" title="Battle of Girolata">Girolata</a> (1540)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Albor%C3%A1n" title="Battle of Alborán">Alborán</a> (1540)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algiers_expedition_(1541)" title="Algiers expedition (1541)">4th Algiers</a> (1541)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nice" title="Siege of Nice">Nice</a> (1543)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_to_Mostaganem_(1543)" title="Expedition to Mostaganem (1543)">1st Mostaganem</a> (1543)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Lipari" title="Sack of Lipari">Lipari</a> (1544)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Naples" title="Sack of Naples">Naples</a> (1544)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_to_Mostaganem_(1547)" title="Expedition to Mostaganem (1547)">2st Mostaganem</a> (1547)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Cullera" title="Sack of Cullera">Cullera</a> (1550)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Mahdia_(1550)" title="Capture of Mahdia (1550)">Mahdia</a> (1550)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Gozo_(1551)" title="Invasion of Gozo (1551)">1st Gozo</a> (1551)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tripoli_(1551)" title="Siege of Tripoli (1551)">Tripoli</a> (1551)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ponza_(1552)" title="Battle of Ponza (1552)">Ponza</a> (1552)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Corsica_(1553)" title="Invasion of Corsica (1553)">Corsica</a> (1553–1559)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Vieste" title="Sack of Vieste">Viste</a> (1554)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa_(1555)" title="Capture of Béjaïa (1555)">Béjaïa</a> (1555)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Oran_(1556)" title="Siege of Oran (1556)">Oran</a> (1556)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_invasion_of_the_Balearic_Islands_(1558)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman invasion of the Balearic Islands (1558)">Balearics</a> (1558)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_to_Mostaganem_(1558)" title="Expedition to Mostaganem (1558)">3rd Mostaganem</a> (1558)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Djerba" title="Battle of Djerba">Djerba</a> (1560)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sieges_of_Oran_and_Mers_El_K%C3%A9bir" title="Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir">Orán and Mers-el-Kébir</a> (1563)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_de_V%C3%A9lez_de_la_Gomera_expedition_(1563)" title="Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera expedition (1563)">1st Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera</a> (1563)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Granada" title="Sack of Granada">Granada</a> (1563)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_de_V%C3%A9lez_de_la_Gomera" class="mw-redirect" title="Conquest of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera">2nd Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera</a> (1564)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_of_Malta" title="Great Siege of Malta">Malta</a> (1565)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Tunis_(1569)" title="Capture of Tunis (1569)">3rd Tunis</a> (1569)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gozo_(1570)" title="Battle of Gozo (1570)">2nd Gozo</a> (1570)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto" title="Battle of Lepanto">Lepanto</a> (1571)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Navarino_(1572)" title="Siege of Navarino (1572)">Navarino</a> (1572)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1573)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1573)">4th Tunis</a> (1573)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1574)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1574)">5th Tunis</a> (1574)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_26_September_1575" title="Action of 26 September 1575">Cadaqués</a> (1575)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Lanzarote_(1586)" title="Sack of Lanzarote (1586)">Lanzarote</a> (1586)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chios_expedition_(1599)" title="Chios expedition (1599)">Chios</a> (1599)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hammamet" title="Battle of Hammamet">Hammamet</a> (1605)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_29_June_1609" title="Action of 29 June 1609">1nd La Goulette</a> (1609)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Corvo" title="Battle of Cape Corvo">Cape Corvo</a> (1613)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_May_1612" title="Action of May 1612">2nd La Goulette</a> (1612)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_%C5%BBejtun" title="Raid on Żejtun">Malta</a> (1614)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Celidonia" title="Battle of Cape Celidonia">Cape Celidonia</a> (1616)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Constantinople" title="Raid on Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (1616)</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>siege of Gvozdansko</b> (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: <i lang="hr">Opsada Gvozdanskog</i>) was an <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> siege of the fort of <a href="/wiki/Gvozdansko_Castle" title="Gvozdansko Castle">Gvozdansko</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Kingdom of Croatia</a> in 1577–1578. In the 1570s, the Ottomans intensified their efforts to capture the valley of the <a href="/wiki/Una_(Sava)" title="Una (Sava)">Una River</a>. A string of forts along the Una, centred around Gvozdansko and in possession of the <a href="/wiki/Zrinski_family" title="Zrinski family">Zrinski noble family</a>, formed the main line of defense of Croatia since 1527. The fort held off Ottoman attacks in 1540 and 1561. </p><p>In 1575, <a href="/wiki/Ferhad_Pasha_Sokolovi%C4%87" title="Ferhad Pasha Sokolović">Ferhad Bey Sokolović</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanjak-bey" title="Sanjak-bey">Sanjak-bey</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Bosnia" title="Sanjak of Bosnia">Bosnia</a>, began an offensive on central Croatia. By the end of 1576, the defense system on the Una collapsed and most of the forts in the valley were captured, including <a href="/wiki/Bu%C5%BEim" title="Bužim">Bužim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cazin" title="Cazin">Cazin</a>. While Gvozdansko withheld an attack in June after three days of fighting, the attack left the walls of the fort damaged. Ferhad Bey renewed the campaign in September 1577 and attacked the remaining Croatian-held forts in the area. The Ottoman army besieged Gvozdansko on 3 October, whose garrison numbered 300 soldiers and miners, under the command of Damjan Doktorović and three other Croatian captains. With the capture of the nearby fort of <a href="/wiki/Zrin_Castle" title="Zrin Castle">Zrin</a> on 20 December, Gvozdansko was left completely isolated. Due to a lack of troops, there were no attempts to relieve Gvozdansko. </p><p>The final phase of the siege began in early January 1578. Around 5,000 Ottoman troops were involved in the siege, and a similar number were positioned at the approaches to Gvozdansko. Calls for the surrender of the fort were rejected. Three major Ottoman assaults were repelled from 10 to 12 January. By the final day of the siege, on 13 January, the entire Croatian garrison was dead and Ottoman forces entered the fort in the early morning. Gvozdansko and most of the Una Valley were briefly recaptured by Croatian and other <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg</a> forces during a counter-offensive in the summer of 1578. Their gains were annulled by Ferhad Bey in late September. The Ottoman Empire controlled Gvozdansko until 1685. Ottomans recaptured it in 1690. But, it was definitely captured by Austrians in 1718. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nikola_III._Zrinski_(1489-1534.).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nikola_III._Zrinski_%281489-1534.%29.JPG/220px-Nikola_III._Zrinski_%281489-1534.%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nikola_III._Zrinski_%281489-1534.%29.JPG/330px-Nikola_III._Zrinski_%281489-1534.%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nikola_III._Zrinski_%281489-1534.%29.JPG/440px-Nikola_III._Zrinski_%281489-1534.%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Croatian nobleman <a href="/wiki/Nikola_III_Zrinski" title="Nikola III Zrinski">Nikola III Zrinski</a> on a silver coin minted in Gvozdansko</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1526, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> forces led by Sultan <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a> defeated a large Hungarian-led <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a> force at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs" title="Battle of Mohács">Battle of Mohács</a>. As King <a href="/wiki/Louis_II_of_Hungary" title="Louis II of Hungary">Louis II</a> died in battle and had no heir, both the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_personal_union_with_Hungary" title="Croatia in personal union with Hungary">Kingdom of Croatia</a>, which were in a <a href="/wiki/Personal_union" title="Personal union">personal union</a>, became disputed territories between <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archduke_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Archduke of Austria">Archduke of Austria</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Zápolya">John Zápolya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voivode_of_Transylvania" title="Voivode of Transylvania">Voivode of Transylvania</a>. A civil war ensued, which enabled the Ottomans to gain more territory in Hungary. Most of the Croatian nobility backed the Habsburgs, expecting aid in the wars with the Ottoman Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETanner200134–35_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETanner200134–35-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zápolya received military assistance from Suleiman.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy201693_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy201693-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the fall of the Banate of <a href="/wiki/Jajce" title="Jajce">Jajce</a> in 1527, the main line of Croatian defense moved to the valley of the <a href="/wiki/Una_(Sava)" title="Una (Sava)">Una River</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Gvozdansko_Castle" title="Gvozdansko Castle">Gvozdansko</a> was one of the main fortifications.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201170_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201170-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gvozdansko was a rectangular fort in possession of the <a href="/wiki/Zrinski_family" title="Zrinski family">Zrinski family</a>, located on the main road between the towns of <a href="/wiki/Dvor_na_Uni" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvor na Uni">Dvor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glina,_Croatia" title="Glina, Croatia">Glina</a>. It had four towers on its corners and a larger tower opposite the entrance,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003304–305_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003304–305-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which had four floors and was 10 meters in diameter. The fort had two longer walls around 25 meters in length, and two shorter walls with a length of around 15 and 18 meters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMirnik199234_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMirnik199234-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gvozdansko was first mentioned in 1488 and was built to protect the nearby mines of iron, copper, lead, and silver.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003304–305_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003304–305-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The extraction of silver in Gvozdansko began in the late 15th and early 16th centuries, when <a href="/wiki/Nikola_III_Zrinski" title="Nikola III Zrinski">Nikola III</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy201671_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy201671-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who usually resided in Gvozdansko,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016102_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016102-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the head of the Zrinski family.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy201671_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy201671-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Zrinskis also minted their own silver coins in Gvozdansko.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201170_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201170-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The silver mines in their possessions yielded an annual income of 30,000 <a href="/wiki/Florin" title="Florin">florins</a>, according to reports from Nikola III.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy201671_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy201671-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the growth of their wealth and influence, the family gained more land in the valley of the Una, such as the towns of <a href="/wiki/Hrvatska_Kostajnica" title="Hrvatska Kostajnica">Kostajnica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosanska_Krupa" title="Bosanska Krupa">Krupa</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201170_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201170-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Hrvatska_Dubica" title="Hrvatska Dubica">Dubica</a>, on the right bank of the Una. The fort of <a href="/wiki/Zrin_Castle" title="Zrin Castle">Zrin</a>, which gave the name to the Zrinski family, was located northeast of Gvozdansko.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016102_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016102-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1534, Nikola III died, and his wife Helen, and two sons, <a href="/wiki/Nikola_IV_Zrinski" title="Nikola IV Zrinski">Nikola IV</a> (commonly known as Nikola Šubić Zrinski) and Ivan I, took the role of governing the family possessions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMirnik199236_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMirnik199236-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were no major incursions into Croatia from 1534 to 1536. In the summer of 1536, <a href="/wiki/Gazi_Husrev_Bey" title="Gazi Husrev Bey">Ghazi Husrev Bey</a>, Sanjak-bey of <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Bosnia" title="Sanjak of Bosnia">Bosnia</a>, began an offensive north of the <a href="/wiki/Sava" title="Sava">Sava River</a>. By January 1537, he captured the city of <a href="/wiki/Po%C5%BEega,_Croatia" title="Požega, Croatia">Požega</a>. In the space of six months, over half of <a href="/wiki/Slavonia" title="Slavonia">Slavonia</a> was under Ottoman control, from Valpovo to the fort of <a href="/wiki/Jasenovac,_Sisak-Moslavina_County" title="Jasenovac, Sisak-Moslavina County">Jasenovac</a> at the mouth of the Una into the Sava. Husrev Bey then attacked the lower Una and captured Dubica in January or early February 1537.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016101–102_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016101–102-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after the fall of Dubica, the Croatian nobility met in <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a> to evaluate their defensive capabilities, and pointed out the lack of military forces and financial difficulties.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran199894–95_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran199894–95-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Zrinskis started enrolling their miners as soldiers, and were able to take back Dubica in the same year. The Ottomans regained initiative in the war following the failure of <a href="/wiki/Katzianer%27s_Campaign" title="Katzianer's Campaign">Johann Katzianer's campaign</a> in Ottoman-held Slavonia in October 1537. They recaptured Dubica in May 1538.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016102–103_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016102–103-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Suleiman was busy with the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Venetian_War_(1537%E2%80%931540)" title="Ottoman–Venetian War (1537–1540)">war with Venice</a>, the activities on the Ottoman–Croatian border calmed down until October 1539, when Zrinski had <a href="/wiki/Johann_Katzianer" title="Johann Katzianer">Katzianer</a> executed for siding with Zápolya and negotiating the surrender of Kostajnica to the Ottomans. Suleiman threatened retaliation if Zrinski was not punished by Ferdinand.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran199897_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran199897-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMirnik199236_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMirnik199236-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Habsburgs managed to negotiate a six-month peace treaty in Constantinople, starting with 1 January 1540, but clashes on the border did not stop. Croatian forces led by Zrinski again took control of Dubica in late January 1540. The Ottomans responded with an attack on <a href="/wiki/Pakrac" title="Pakrac">Pakrac</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ban_of_Croatia" title="Ban of Croatia">Croatian Ban</a> <a href="/wiki/Petar_Keglevi%C4%87" title="Petar Keglević">Petar Keglević</a> sent an army to help Zrinski, but immediately called it off at the request of <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Bohemia_and_Hungary" title="Anne of Bohemia and Hungary">Queen Anne</a>, in order not to violate the agreed armistice.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran199898_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran199898-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A retaliatory attack against Zrinski was carried out by Husrev Bey, <a href="/wiki/Murat_Bey_Tardi%C4%87" title="Murat Bey Tardić">Murat Bey Tardić</a>, Sanjak-bey of <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Klis" title="Sanjak of Klis">Klis</a>, and Mehmed Bey Jahjapašić from the <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Smederevo" title="Sanjak of Smederevo">Sanjak of Smederevo</a>. The main targets were Kostajnica, which was briefly captured, and Zrin and Gvozdansko, which held off attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016102–103_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016102–103-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The offensive, which began in early May, ended in mid June, on Husrev Bey's orders.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran199899_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran199899-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Zrinskis reported that all of the mines near Gvozdansko were destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016103_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016103-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the death of Zápolya in June 1540, the war mainly took place in Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998100_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998100-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late 1540, Ferdinand approved more money to Zrinski for military purposes. Two years later, Zrinski was named Ban of Croatia,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016126_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016126-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in place of Keglević, who was removed from office for obtaining possessions of his daughter's late husband.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016167–168_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016167–168-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ottoman raids in the Una Valley continued in 1544.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMirnik199237_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMirnik199237-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zrinski transferred the family center from Zrin to <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cakovec" title="Čakovec">Čakovec</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91imurje" class="mw-redirect" title="Međimurje">Međimurje</a> region in 1546.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016169_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016169-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1547, a five-year peace treaty was concluded between Ferdinand and Suleiman. The treaty was respected on both sides.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998113–114_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998113–114-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCstem_Pasha" title="Rüstem Pasha">Rüstem Pasha</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ottoman_Grand_Viziers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ottoman Grand Viziers">Grand Vizier</a> of the Ottoman Empire, unsuccessfully tried to get Zrinski excluded from the treaty, due to his raids of Ottoman lands in earlier years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016152_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016152-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Frontier_on_the_Una_River">Frontier on the Una River</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Frontier on the Una River"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gvozdansko_ground_plan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gvozdansko_ground_plan.jpg/220px-Gvozdansko_ground_plan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gvozdansko_ground_plan.jpg/330px-Gvozdansko_ground_plan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gvozdansko_ground_plan.jpg/440px-Gvozdansko_ground_plan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1216" data-file-height="807" /></a><figcaption>Ground plan of the Gvozdansko fort, made by <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Ferdinando_Marsigli" class="mw-redirect" title="Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli">Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli</a> in 1699</figcaption></figure> <p>In mid-16th century, the Una Valley was a part of the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Military_Frontier" title="Croatian Military Frontier">Croatian</a> sector of the <a href="/wiki/Military_Frontier" title="Military Frontier">Military Frontier</a> defense system.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011174,_496_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011174,_496-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The formation of this defense system, extending from the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a> to <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>, took place in the decades following the Habsburg arrival to power.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPálffy201237,_43_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPálffy201237,_43-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1550s, there was still no central control over the Croatian Frontier and the border forts were mostly run by local nobles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011174_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011174-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The forts in possession of the Zrinski family had considerable autonomy and were not a part of the administrative structure of the Croatian Frontier.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011399_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011399-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1552, as the peace treaty came to an end, the sanjak-beys of Bosnia, <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Herzegovina" title="Sanjak of Herzegovina">Herzegovina</a>, and Klis received orders from <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> to mobilize their forces near <a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka" title="Banja Luka">Banja Luka</a>. Under the command of Ulama Bey of <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Pojega" title="Sanjak of Pojega">Požega</a>, the Ottoman army captured two important fortified towns north of the Sava, <a href="/wiki/Virovitica" title="Virovitica">Virovitica</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cazma" title="Čazma">Čazma</a>, and came within 35 miles from Zagreb.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016153–154_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016153–154-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ottomans then concentrated their attacks on the well-defended Una Valley.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016204_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016204-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their plan was to establish a foothold on the left bank of the Una, make a breakthrough between the Una and Kupa rivers, and cross the Kupa towards Zagreb. This was to be coordinated with Ottoman activities in southern Hungary, where they intended to capture <a href="/wiki/Szigetv%C3%A1r" title="Szigetvár">Szigetvár</a> and march towards <a href="/wiki/Nagykanizsa" title="Nagykanizsa">Kanizsa</a>. The conquest of the remaining Croatian territory between the Drava and Sava rivers would make it easier to carry out future attacks on the <a href="/wiki/Archduchy_of_Austria" title="Archduchy of Austria">Archduchy of Austria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998130_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998130-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 1556, <a href="/wiki/Malko%C4%8D_Bey" title="Malkoč Bey">Malkoč Bey</a>, Sanjak-bey of Klis, captured Kostajnica, a Croatian stronghold on the lower Una.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016204_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016204-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He took the opportunity while Zrinski and other Habsburg forces were engaged in southern Hungary, where battles were fought around <a href="/wiki/Bab%C3%B3csa" title="Babócsa">Babócsa</a> and Szigetvár. With the conquest of Kostajnica, the Ottomans broke through the defensive line on the Una River.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998126–127_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998126–127-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Croatian garrison in the fort of <a href="/wiki/Novi_Grad,_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Novi Grad, Bosnia and Herzegovina">Novi</a>, southwest of Kostajnica, set fire to the fort and abandoned it.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998126_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998126-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the fall of Kostajnica, Zrinski resigned from the position of ban. <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9ter_Erd%C5%91dy" title="Péter Erdődy">Péter Erdődy</a> succeeded him in December.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998127_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998127-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emperor Ferdinand entrusted the Croatian and <a href="/wiki/Slavonian_Military_Frontier" title="Slavonian Military Frontier">Slavonian</a> sectors of the Military Frontier to Croatian captain <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Lenkovi%C4%87" title="Ivan Lenković">Ivan Lenković</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016204_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016204-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The military activities of Lenković, Erdődy, and Zrinski prevented further loss of territory.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016221_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016221-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2nd half 1559 and the winter of 1560 were mostly peaceful. On 3 March 1560, the Croatian Parliament met in Zagreb.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998130_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998130-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ferdinand's proposal to abandon and destroy the forts of Gvozdansko, Zrin, Slunj, and several others in the Una Valley due to their vulnerability was rejected during the parliament's session.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMirnik199237_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMirnik199237-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998130_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998130-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hostilities resumed in spring. While Lenković's and Zrinski's forces were able to defeat two Ottoman raiding groups, Ottoman casualties in these confrontations were low.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998131_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998131-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1561, an 8,000-strong Ottoman army under the command of Malkoč Bey besieged Gvozdansko, which had a garrison of 100 men under the command of captain Toma Lukašić and was well supplied with food, water, and ammunition. An army led by Lenković came to relieve Gvozdansko, and Ottoman forces withdrew.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201170–71_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201170–71-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An eight-year peace treaty was signed in 1562 in Constantinople,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998134_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998134-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although a coordinated assault carried out by Erdődy and Zrinski early in the year, on Ottoman-held regions of <a href="/wiki/Moslavina" title="Moslavina">Moslavina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Podravina" title="Podravina">Podravina</a>, jeopardized the peace negotiations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016221–222_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016221–222-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Malkoč Bey was transferred to the new position of sanjak-bey of Herzegovina.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016204_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016204-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The peace treaty was broken in 1564, after fighting broke out between the Habsburgs and <a href="/wiki/John_Sigismund_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Sigismund Zápolya">John Sigismund Zápolya</a>, the son of John Zápolya, who ruled in parts of Hungary with Suleiman's support.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016198_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016198-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Activities on the Una frontier resumed in 1565, when the fort of Krupa surrendered to a force led by <a href="/wiki/Lala_Mustafa_Pasha" title="Lala Mustafa Pasha">Mustafa Pasha Sokolović</a>, who was appointed Bosnian sanjak-bey a year earlier. With the capture of Krupa, the main supply route to <a href="/wiki/Biha%C4%87" title="Bihać">Bihać</a> was cut off and the town's flank was exposed. Instead of attacking Bihać, Mustafa Pasha went north and in 1566 joined Suleiman in his campaign through Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016205_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016205-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main target of the campaign was Szigetvár, which was defended by Zrinski, the captain of the fortress since 1561. Both Zrinski and Suleiman died during the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Szigetv%C3%A1r" title="Siege of Szigetvár">month-long siege</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016199_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016199-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Erdödy tried to take advantage of the absence of Ottoman troops in Bosnia and attacked Novi. The sanjaks of Požega and Klis sent an army to relieve Novi, but suffered a heavy defeat. The fort nonetheless managed to repel the Croatian attack.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016205_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016205-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ottoman Grand Vezir <a href="/wiki/Sokollu_Mehmed_Pasha" title="Sokollu Mehmed Pasha">Sokollu Mehmed Pasha</a>, who held the position from 1566 to 1579,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016201_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016201-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> concluded that a halt was needed in their military activities.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016205_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016205-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Erdődy died in 1567. Lenković retired from the position of captain in the same year due to illness.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998139_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998139-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bishop <a href="/wiki/Juraj_Dra%C5%A1kovi%C4%87" title="Juraj Drašković">Juraj Drašković</a> was appointed the new ban, together with count <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Frankopan_Slunjski" title="Franjo Frankopan Slunjski">Franjo Frankopan Slunjski</a>. Drašković held the position until 1578, while Frankopan served as co-ban until 1572.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016224_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016224-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emperor <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian II</a>, who succeeded Ferdinand in 1564, sought no further confrontation with the Ottoman Empire and concluded an eight-year peace deal with the <a href="/wiki/Sublime_Porte" title="Sublime Porte">High Porte</a> in February 1568.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016224_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016224-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The treaty, which forbade raids, but allowed the fortification of the border area, was not respected on the Ottoman–Croatian border.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998139_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998139-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both Croatians and their Austrian allies, with help from the <a href="/wiki/Uskoks" title="Uskoks">Uskoks</a>, and local Ottoman sanjaks carried out incursions across the border. Ottoman attacks largely targeted the strategically important fort of Hrastovica near Sisak, which would enable them to cross the Kupa.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016205–206_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016205–206-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Extraordinary tax measures were introduced by the Croatian Parliament to strengthen the border forts, including Hrastovica,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998140_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998140-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which withheld two Ottoman assaults in 1568 and 1571.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016224_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016224-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the confrontations, the front line remained stable throughout the 2nd half of the 1560s and the 1st half of the 1570s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDugačkiRegan2018226_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDugačkiRegan2018226-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prelude">Prelude</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prelude"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eastern_Adriatic_1576.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Eastern_Adriatic_1576.svg/220px-Eastern_Adriatic_1576.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Eastern_Adriatic_1576.svg/330px-Eastern_Adriatic_1576.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Eastern_Adriatic_1576.svg/440px-Eastern_Adriatic_1576.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1753" /></a><figcaption>Map of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Croatia</a> and Ottoman expansion at the beginning of 1576</figcaption></figure> <p>In early 1573, a large <a href="/wiki/Croatian%E2%80%93Slovene_Peasant_Revolt" title="Croatian–Slovene Peasant Revolt">peasant revolt</a> broke out in northwest Croatia, in the vicinity of Zagreb. The rebellion was quickly suppressed, but with heavy casualties.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998141_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998141-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The revolt further worsened the financial and military situation in the kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197086_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197086-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ottoman Empire concluded a peace treaty with Venice in March 1573, which enabled local sanjak-beys to direct more forces towards Croatia. Throughout 1573 and 1574, Ottoman raids increasingly targeted the area between the Una and the Kupa. In May 1574, the Croatian Parliament adopted a plan to strengthen the frontier forts and recruit new forces. The parliament also introduced new levies. These measures did not have a significant effect on the overall state of the defense, and were a large financial burden on the population.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998141–142_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998141–142-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 1574, Gašpar Alapić was named co-Ban of Croatia, alongside Drašković. Sultan <a href="/wiki/Selim_II" title="Selim II">Selim II</a> died in the same month and was succeeded by his son <a href="/wiki/Murad_III" title="Murad III">Murad III</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998142_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998142-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ferhad_Pasha_Sokolovi%C4%87" title="Ferhad Pasha Sokolović">Ferhad Bey Sokolović</a>, who became the sanjak-bey of Bosnia in 1574,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016202_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016202-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and would become a <a href="/wiki/Pasha" title="Pasha">pasha</a> six years later,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016256_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016256-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> led several offensives on border forts during 1575, including an unsuccessful attack on Bihać. In September 1575, he defeated an army led by <a href="/wiki/Herbard_VIII_von_Auersperg" title="Herbard VIII von Auersperg">Herbard VIII von Auersperg</a>, the commander of the Croatian Frontier, who was killed in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Buda%C4%8Dki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Budački (page does not exist)">battle of Budački</a>. In the same month, Ferhad Bey's troops captured the fort of Bila Stina on the left bank of the Una,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998142_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998142-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> located between Cazin and Ostrožac,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which enabled an Ottoman breakthrough towards the Korana, Mrežnica, and Kupa rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998142_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998142-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1576, around 7,000 Ottoman troops attacked Hrastovica, but the town's garrison repelled the attack. In June, the Ottomans captured the town of <a href="/wiki/Bu%C5%BEim" title="Bužim">Bužim</a>, southwest of Gvozdansko, and immediately started attacking Gvozdansko,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988396_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988396-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose garrison numbered 120<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201171_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201171-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–130 men. The Ottomans retreated after three days of heavy fighting, when reinforcements led by captain Johann Auersperg arrived. The fort's walls on the east side were partially breached by Ottoman artillery.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988396_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988396-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The town of <a href="/wiki/Cazin" title="Cazin">Cazin</a> was captured on 18 July.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998143_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998143-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More than fifty incursions into Croatia were recorded during 1576.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016206_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016206-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of the year, most of the area between the Una and the <a href="/wiki/Glina_(river)" title="Glina (river)">Glina</a> River was under Ottoman control. The difficult situation in the kingdom was also affected by the unclear position of the banship, as both Alapić and Drašković asked the Emperor to relieve them of their duties. The banship was then offered to captain <a href="/wiki/Krsto_Ungnad" title="Krsto Ungnad">Krsto Ungnad</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998143_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998143-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose terms, regarding the salary and number of soldiers allocated to the ban, were rejected by Maximilian.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011268_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011268-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 12 October, Maximilian died and his son, <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor">Rudolf II</a>, succeeded him. Rudolf persuaded both Drašković and Alapić to continue performing their duties. On 25 December, Habsburg and Ottoman representatives signed an eight-year peace treaty.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998143_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998143-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the renewal of peace, the High Porte did not restrict the activities of Ferhad Bey in Croatia to secure land across the Una.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016256_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016256-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siege">Siege</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Siege"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gvozdansko_castle_ruin,_Croatia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gvozdansko_castle_ruin%2C_Croatia.jpg/220px-Gvozdansko_castle_ruin%2C_Croatia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gvozdansko_castle_ruin%2C_Croatia.jpg/330px-Gvozdansko_castle_ruin%2C_Croatia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gvozdansko_castle_ruin%2C_Croatia.jpg/440px-Gvozdansko_castle_ruin%2C_Croatia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Ruins of the <a href="/wiki/Gvozdansko_Castle" title="Gvozdansko Castle">Gvozdansko Castle</a> in 2013</figcaption></figure> <p>Ferhad Bey's offensive resumed in September 1577, when he personally led an army to capture the remaining forts up to the Glina River, north of Cazin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988412_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988412-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 3 October, these forces besieged Gvozdansko.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201171_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201171-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ottoman army brought more than 30 cannons, including seven wall-breaching cannons. The fort was defended by around 300 men, mostly miners and Croatian light infantry (<a href="/wiki/Haramije" title="Haramije">haramias</a>), the fort guard, and some gunsmiths from <a href="/wiki/Carniola" title="Carniola">Carniola</a>, who received no supplies since August.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a 1577 report on the status of the frontier forts, Gvozdansko had 80 <span title="Croatian-language text"><i lang="hr">haramias</i></span> stationed there and no cavalrymen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011482_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011482-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The garrison was under the command of four experienced captains: Damjan Doktorović, Jure Gvozdanović, Nikola Ožegović, and Andrija Stepšić.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One soldier managed to pass through Ottoman lines and reach the Croatian-held town of <a href="/wiki/Steni%C4%8Dnjak" class="mw-redirect" title="Steničnjak">Steničnjak</a>, where captain Johann Auersperg was stationed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988412_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988412-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the lack of soldiers, Auersperg did not attempt to relieve Gvozdansko. He expected that Gvozdansko would be able to withstand the siege until winter, and that the Ottoman army would not remain there that long. Ferhad Bey deployed the artillery on surrounding hills and ordered a prolonged bombardment of the fort.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201171–72_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201171–72-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All approaches to Gvozdansko were blocked.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A part of the Ottoman army was left to keep Gvozdansko under siege, while Ferhad Bey led the rest and attacked the remaining Croatian forts in the region. He captured <a href="/wiki/Ostro%C5%BEac_Castle" title="Ostrožac Castle">Ostrožac</a> on 13 November. After a short siege, the fort of Zrin surrendered on 20 December. The fall of Zrin left Gvozdansko completely surrounded by Ottoman held forts and towns.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988413_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988413-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main part of the Ottoman army joined the besieging force near Gvozdansko at the end of December. Around 5,000 troops encamped around Gvozdansko, and about the same number of troops were guarding the approaches to the fort.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306_60-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By that time, the fort was under siege for more than two months. The garrison lacked ammunition and suffered from hunger, thirst, and cold, while many died or were wounded in combat.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998145_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998145-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All calls for surrender were rejected. Three major assaults on Gvozdansko were repelled on 10, 11, and 12 January 1578, leaving only 25–30 men still alive that held their positions on the last days of the siege.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988413_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988413-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ferhad Bey received reinforcements from Bosnia on 11 January.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201172_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201172-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The final assault was planned for the night of 12–13 January. Around midnight, the lights in the fort went out and the fort fell silent. Ferhad Bey thought it was a trap and the attack was postponed for the morning. The Ottomans attacked on dawn, but met no resistance. When they breached the gates of the fort, they found only corpses of soldiers that died of wounds, hunger, thirst, or were frozen to death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988414_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988414-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is possible that the remaining defenders killed themselves on the last day to avoid imprisonment.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003307_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003307-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sight impressed Ferhad Bey so he ordered a Christian burial for the dead with military honours.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998145_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998145-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gvozdansko_u_18._stolje%C4%87u.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gvozdansko_u_18._stolje%C4%87u.jpg/220px-Gvozdansko_u_18._stolje%C4%87u.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gvozdansko_u_18._stolje%C4%87u.jpg/330px-Gvozdansko_u_18._stolje%C4%87u.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gvozdansko_u_18._stolje%C4%87u.jpg/440px-Gvozdansko_u_18._stolje%C4%87u.jpg 2x" data-file-width="493" data-file-height="369" /></a><figcaption>Gvozdansko on a mid-18th century geographical map</figcaption></figure> <p>The campaign of Ferhad Bey pushed the frontier to the Kupa and Korana rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016256_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016256-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The loss of Gvozdansko and other strongholds, such as Ostrožac, Cazin, Bužim, and Zrin, led to many changes in the organisation of the defense. On 6 February 1578, Krsto Ungnad was confirmed as the new ban of Croatia by the Croatian Parliament. The administration of the Croatian Military Frontier was entrusted to Archduke <a href="/wiki/Charles_II,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Charles II, Archduke of Austria">Charles II</a> on 25 February.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998146_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998146-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolf's brother, <a href="/wiki/Archduke_Ernest_of_Austria" title="Archduke Ernest of Austria">Ernest</a>, was placed in command of the Military Frontier between the Drava River and Transylvania.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197087_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197087-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles II was given the right to summon a War Council in <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a> and appoint generals, captains, and other officers in the Frontier. The Croatian ban was subordinated to the archduke in military affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998146_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998146-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Inner Austrian duchies provided financial support for the Military Frontier and were given seats on the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Graz_War_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Graz War Council (page does not exist)">Graz War Council</a>, which was independent of the <a href="/wiki/Hofkriegsrat" title="Hofkriegsrat">Vienna War Council</a> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Hofkriegsrat</i>). The former civil administration of the Military Frontier was replaced with Habsburg military officials. Such an organisation further separated it from Croatian authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197087–88_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197087–88-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archduke Charles planned a counter-offensive in the Una Valley in 1578. The Croatian Parliament expressed their support for the planned operation, and at the same time stated that the subordination of the Croatian ban to a military commander would be a violation of the ban's honour and the rights of the Croatian Kingdom. Carinthian nobleman <a href="/wiki/George_Khevenh%C3%BCller" title="George Khevenhüller">George Khevenhüller</a> took command of the army composed of soldiers from Carniola, Carinthia, and Gorizia. Ungnad led the Croatian forces.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998147–148_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998147–148-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two armies, numbering over 12,000 soldiers and 18 canons,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991131_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991131-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gathered at Slunj in August and began their initially successful campaign from there. Ferhad Bey was forced to retreat and lost control of Cazin, Ostrožac,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998147–148_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998147–148-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zrin, and Novi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991131_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991131-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gvozdansko was also briefly recaptured, and the front line was pushed back to the Una River.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306_60-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The High Porte saw these defeats as a disgrace. The Ottoman forces regrouped in late September. With around 24,000 soldiers, Ferhad Bey stalled the advance of the Habsburg armies and retook the lost towns.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016256–257_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016256–257-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the capture of Gvozdansko, Ferhad Bey ordered the destruction of the nearby mines.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988414_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988414-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A permanent Ottoman garrison was placed in the fort in December 1578. Its walls were rebuilt in 1579 and the fort was equipped with additional cannons.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201173_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201173-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gvozdansko was included into the Sanjak of Bosnia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998186_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998186-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to a lack of strong forts in the Kupa region, Archduke Charles decided to build a new anchor fortress at the mouth of the Korana into the Kupa.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016278–279_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016278–279-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The construction of the fortress, named <a href="/wiki/Karlovac" title="Karlovac">Karlovac</a> after the archduke, began in July 1579, although the Croatian Parliament considered that the location of the fortress would not be of much use in the defense. Ferhad Bey did not disturb the construction of Karlovac, and focused on the repairing of Gvozdansko, Zrin, and other recently captured forts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998149–150_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998149–150-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1580, the sons of Nikola IV Zrinski, <a href="/wiki/Juraj_IV_Zrinski" title="Juraj IV Zrinski">Juraj IV</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikola_V_Zrinski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikola V Zrinski (page does not exist)">Nikola V</a>, led an unsuccessful attack on Gvozdansko,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201173_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201173-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was to remain under Ottoman control until 1635.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003307_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003307-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDugačkiRegan2018227_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDugačkiRegan2018227-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ottomans kept most of the surrounding forts until late 17th century and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Turkish_War" title="Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991141_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991141-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol 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href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003304–305_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003304–305_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNodilo2003">Nodilo 2003</a>, pp. 304–305.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMirnik199234-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMirnik199234_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMirnik1992">Mirnik 1992</a>, p. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy201671-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy201671_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy201671_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy201671_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016102-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016102_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016102_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMirnik199236-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMirnik199236_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMirnik199236_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMirnik1992">Mirnik 1992</a>, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016101–102-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016101–102_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, pp. 101–102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran199894–95-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran199894–95_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, pp. 94–95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016102–103-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016102–103_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016102–103_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, pp. 102–103.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran199897-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran199897_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran199898-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran199898_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran199899-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran199899_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016103-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016103_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 103.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998100-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998100_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016126-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016126_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016167–168-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016167–168_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, pp. 167–168.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMirnik199237-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMirnik199237_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMirnik199237_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMirnik1992">Mirnik 1992</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016169-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016169_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 169.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998113–114-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998113–114_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, pp. 113–114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016152-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016152_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 152.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011174,_496-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011174,_496_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFŠtefanec2011">Štefanec 2011</a>, pp. 174, 496.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPálffy201237,_43-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPálffy201237,_43_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPálffy2012">Pálffy 2012</a>, pp. 37, 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011174-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011174_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFŠtefanec2011">Štefanec 2011</a>, p. 174.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011399-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011399_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFŠtefanec2011">Štefanec 2011</a>, p. 399.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016153–154-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016153–154_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, pp. 153–154.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016204-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016204_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016204_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016204_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016204_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998130-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998130_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998130_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998130_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998126–127-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998126–127_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, pp. 126–127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998126-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998126_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998127-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998127_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016221-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016221_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998131-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998131_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201170–71-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201170–71_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKekez2011">Kekez 2011</a>, pp. 70–71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998134-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998134_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016221–222-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016221–222_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, pp. 221–222.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016198-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016198_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 198.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016205-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016205_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016205_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016205_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 205.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016199-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016199_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 199.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016201-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016201_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 201.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998139-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998139_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998139_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016224-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016224_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016224_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016224_43-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 224.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016205–206-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016205–206_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, pp. 205–206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998140-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998140_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDugačkiRegan2018226-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDugačkiRegan2018226_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDugačkiRegan2018">Dugački & Regan 2018</a>, p. 226.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998141-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998141_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 141.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197086-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197086_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuldescu1970">Guldescu 1970</a>, p. 86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998141–142-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998141–142_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, pp. 141–142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998142-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998142_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998142_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998142_50-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016202-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016202_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 202.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016256-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016256_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016256_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016256_52-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 256.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRadauš1993" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Radauš, Tatjana (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=5397">"Drenovački"</a>. <i>Hrvatski biografski leksikon</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Drenova%C4%8Dki&rft.btitle=Hrvatski+biografski+leksikon&rft.pub=Miroslav+Krle%C5%BEa+Institute+of+Lexicography&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Radau%C5%A1&rft.aufirst=Tatjana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhbl.lzmk.hr%2Fclanak.aspx%3Fid%3D5397&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988396-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988396_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988396_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKlaić1988">Klaić 1988</a>, p. 396.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201171-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201171_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201171_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKekez2011">Kekez 2011</a>, p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998143-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998143_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998143_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998143_56-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 143.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016206-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016206_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011268-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011268_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFŠtefanec2011">Štefanec 2011</a>, p. 268.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988412-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988412_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988412_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKlaić1988">Klaić 1988</a>, p. 412.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306_60-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306_60-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003306_60-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNodilo2003">Nodilo 2003</a>, p. 306.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011482-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŠtefanec2011482_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFŠtefanec2011">Štefanec 2011</a>, p. 482.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201171–72-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201171–72_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKekez2011">Kekez 2011</a>, pp. 71–72.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988413-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988413_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988413_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKlaić1988">Klaić 1988</a>, p. 413.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998145-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998145_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998145_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201172-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201172_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKekez2011">Kekez 2011</a>, p. 72.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988414-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988414_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlaić1988414_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKlaić1988">Klaić 1988</a>, p. 414.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENodilo2003307-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003307_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENodilo2003307_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNodilo2003">Nodilo 2003</a>, p. 307.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998146-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998146_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998146_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197087-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197087_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuldescu1970">Guldescu 1970</a>, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197087–88-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuldescu197087–88_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuldescu1970">Guldescu 1970</a>, pp. 87–88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998147–148-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998147–148_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998147–148_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, pp. 147–148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991131-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991131_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991131_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMilinović1991">Milinović 1991</a>, p. 131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016256–257-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016256–257_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, pp. 256–257.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKekez201173-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201173_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKekez201173_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKekez2011">Kekez 2011</a>, p. 73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998186-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998186_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, p. 186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETracy2016278–279-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETracy2016278–279_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTracy2016">Tracy 2016</a>, pp. 278–279.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998149–150-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMažuran1998149–150_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMažuran1998">Mažuran 1998</a>, pp. 149–150.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDugačkiRegan2018227-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDugačkiRegan2018227_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDugačkiRegan2018">Dugački & Regan 2018</a>, p. 227.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991141-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMilinović1991141_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMilinović1991">Milinović 1991</a>, p. 141.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDugačkiRegan2018" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dugački, Vlatka; Regan, Krešimir (2018). <i>Hrvatski povijesni atlas</i> [<i>Historical atlas of Croatia</i>] (in Croatian). Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789532680454" title="Special:BookSources/9789532680454"><bdi>9789532680454</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hrvatski+povijesni+atlas&rft.pub=Miroslav+Krle%C5%BEa+Institute+of+Lexicography&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9789532680454&rft.aulast=Duga%C4%8Dki&rft.aufirst=Vlatka&rft.au=Regan%2C+Kre%C5%A1imir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuldescu1970" class="citation book cs1">Guldescu, Stanko (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5lFbDAAAQBAJ"><i>The Croatian-Slavonian Kingdom: 1526–1792</i></a>. The Hague: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783110881622" title="Special:BookSources/9783110881622"><bdi>9783110881622</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Croatian-Slavonian+Kingdom%3A+1526%E2%80%931792&rft.place=The+Hague&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+GmbH+%26+Co+KG&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=9783110881622&rft.aulast=Guldescu&rft.aufirst=Stanko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5lFbDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKekez2011" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kekez, Hrvoje (2011). "Osmanska opsada Gvozdanskog 1578" [The Ottoman siege of Gvozdansko in 1578]. <i>VP: Magazin Za Vojnu Povijest</i> (in Croatian). <b>4</b>. Zagreb: Večernji list: 70–73. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1848-0284">1848-0284</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=VP%3A+Magazin+Za+Vojnu+Povijest&rft.atitle=Osmanska+opsada+Gvozdanskog+1578.&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=70-73&rft.date=2011&rft.issn=1848-0284&rft.aulast=Kekez&rft.aufirst=Hrvoje&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlaić1988" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Vjekoslav_Klai%C4%87" title="Vjekoslav Klaić">Klaić, Vjekoslav</a> (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mq4ryAEACAAJ"><i>Povijest Hrvata od najstarijih vremena do svršetka XIX stoljeća: Četvrto doba: Vladanje kraljeva iz porodice Hapsburga (1527-1740)</i></a> [<i>History of Croats from the earliest times to the end of the 19th century: The fourth era: The reign of the Habsburg kings (1527-1740)</i>] (in Croatian). Vol. V. Zagreb. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-86-401-0051-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-86-401-0051-9"><bdi>978-86-401-0051-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Povijest+Hrvata+od+najstarijih+vremena+do+svr%C5%A1etka+XIX+stolje%C4%87a%3A+%C4%8Cetvrto+doba%3A+Vladanje+kraljeva+iz+porodice+Hapsburga+%281527-1740%29&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-86-401-0051-9&rft.aulast=Klai%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Vjekoslav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmq4ryAEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMažuran1998" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ive_Ma%C5%BEuran" title="Ive Mažuran">Mažuran, Ive</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ep9hQgAACAAJ"><i>Hrvati i Osmansko Carstvo</i></a> [<i>Croats and the Ottoman Empire</i>] (in Croatian). Zagreb: Golden marketing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789536168385" title="Special:BookSources/9789536168385"><bdi>9789536168385</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hrvati+i+Osmansko+Carstvo&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.pub=Golden+marketing&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9789536168385&rft.aulast=Ma%C5%BEuran&rft.aufirst=Ive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dep9hQgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilinović1991" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Milinović, Ante (1991). "Na udaru turske ekspanzije" [Struck by the Turkish expansion]. In Joka, Mile (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oIlauQAACAAJ"><i>Dvor na Uni</i></a> (in Serbo-Croatian). Skupština općine. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789537130732" title="Special:BookSources/9789537130732"><bdi>9789537130732</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Na+udaru+turske+ekspanzije&rft.btitle=Dvor+na+Uni&rft.pub=Skup%C5%A1tina+op%C4%87ine&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9789537130732&rft.aulast=Milinovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Ante&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoIlauQAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMirnik1992" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mirnik, Ivan (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bnpOAAAAYAAJ"><i>Srebra Nikole Zrinskog: Gvozdanski rudnici i kovnica novca</i></a> [<i>Nicholas of Zrin’s silver: The Gvozdansko mines and mint</i>] (in Croatian). Zagreb: Društvo povjesničara umjetnosti Hrvatske (DPUH). <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/29978899">29978899</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Srebra+Nikole+Zrinskog%3A+Gvozdanski+rudnici+i+kovnica+novca&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.pub=Dru%C5%A1tvo+povjesni%C4%8Dara+umjetnosti+Hrvatske+%28DPUH%29&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F29978899&rft.aulast=Mirnik&rft.aufirst=Ivan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbnpOAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNodilo2003" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nodilo, Branko (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.casopis-gradjevinar.hr/assets/Uploads/JCE-55-2003-05-08.pdf">"Zrinske utvrde u hrvatskom Pounju"</a> [Fortresses built by Zrinski family in Croatian pounje region] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Građevinar</i> (in Croatian). <b>55</b>. Zagreb: Croatian Society of Civil Engineers: 301–307. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1333-9095">1333-9095</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gra%C4%91evinar&rft.atitle=Zrinske+utvrde+u+hrvatskom+Pounju&rft.volume=55&rft.pages=301-307&rft.date=2003&rft.issn=1333-9095&rft.aulast=Nodilo&rft.aufirst=Branko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.casopis-gradjevinar.hr%2Fassets%2FUploads%2FJCE-55-2003-05-08.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPálffy2012" class="citation book cs1">Pálffy, Géza (2012). "The Habsburg Defense System in Hungary Against the Ottomans in the Sixteenth Century: A Catalyst of Military Development in Central Europe". In Davies, Brian (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ie8xAQAAQBAJ"><i>Warfare in Eastern Europe, 1500-1800</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004221987" title="Special:BookSources/9789004221987"><bdi>9789004221987</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Habsburg+Defense+System+in+Hungary+Against+the+Ottomans+in+the+Sixteenth+Century%3A+A+Catalyst+of+Military+Development+in+Central+Europe&rft.btitle=Warfare+in+Eastern+Europe%2C+1500-1800&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9789004221987&rft.aulast=P%C3%A1lffy&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A9za&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Die8xAQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŠtefanec2011" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Štefanec, Nataša (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bib.irb.hr/516493"><i>Država ili ne. Ustroj Vojne krajine 1578. godine i hrvatsko-slavonski staleži u regionalnoj obrani i politici</i></a> [<i>State or Not. Organization of the Military Border in 1578 and Croatian-Slavonian Estates in Regional Defense and Politics</i>] (in Croatian). Zagreb: Srednja Europa. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-953-6979-73-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-953-6979-73-8"><bdi>978-953-6979-73-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dr%C5%BEava+ili+ne.+Ustroj+Vojne+krajine+1578.+godine+i+hrvatsko-slavonski+stale%C5%BEi+u+regionalnoj+obrani+i+politici&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.pub=Srednja+Europa&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-953-6979-73-8&rft.aulast=%C5%A0tefanec&rft.aufirst=Nata%C5%A1a&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bib.irb.hr%2F516493&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTanner2001" class="citation book cs1">Tanner, Marcus (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sfcpsAoSoewC"><i>Croatia: A Nation Forged in War</i></a>. New Haven: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09125-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09125-0"><bdi>978-0-300-09125-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Croatia%3A+A+Nation+Forged+in+War&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-300-09125-0&rft.aulast=Tanner&rft.aufirst=Marcus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsfcpsAoSoewC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTracy2016" class="citation book cs1">Tracy, James D. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KHCPDAAAQBAJ"><i>Balkan Wars: Habsburg Croatia, Ottoman Bosnia, and Venetian Dalmatia, 1499–1617</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-1360-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-1360-9"><bdi>978-1-4422-1360-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Balkan+Wars%3A+Habsburg+Croatia%2C+Ottoman+Bosnia%2C+and+Venetian+Dalmatia%2C+1499%E2%80%931617&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-4422-1360-9&rft.aulast=Tracy&rft.aufirst=James+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKHCPDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pavičić, Ante Tresić (2000). <i>Gvozdansko: epos u 32 pjevanja</i> (in Croatian). AGM. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789531741064" title="Special:BookSources/9789531741064"><bdi>9789531741064</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gvozdansko%3A+epos+u+32+pjevanja&rft.pub=AGM&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9789531741064&rft.aulast=Pavi%C4%8Di%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Ante+Tresi%C4%87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Gvozdansko" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Gvozdansko&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wars_and_battles_involving_Croatia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wars_and_battles_involving_Croatia" title="Template:Wars and battles involving Croatia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wars_and_battles_involving_Croatia" title="Template talk:Wars and battles involving Croatia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wars_and_battles_involving_Croatia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wars and battles involving Croatia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wars_and_battles_involving_Croatia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Croatia" title="Military history of Croatia">Wars and battles involving Croatia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Medieval wars<br />and battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">8th/9th-century battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Trsat" title="Siege of Trsat">Siege of Trsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebellion_of_Ljudevit" class="mw-redirect" title="Rebellion of Ljudevit">Rebellion of Ljudevit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupa" title="Battle of Kupa">Battle of Kupa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Makarska_(887)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Makarska (887) (page does not exist)">Battle of Makarska (887)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">Croatian–Hungarian wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Drava_River" title="Battle of Drava River">Battle of Drava River</a> (925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gvozd_Mountain" title="Battle of Gvozd Mountain">Battle of Gvozd Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Croatian%E2%80%93Bulgarian_wars" title="Croatian–Bulgarian wars">Croatian–Bulgarian wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian%E2%80%93Bulgarian_battle_of_854" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 854">Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 854</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian%E2%80%93Bulgarian_battle_of_926" title="Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 926">Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zadar_(998)" title="Siege of Zadar (998)">Siege of Zadar (998)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Croatian-Venetian_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian-Venetian wars">Croatian-Venetian wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Omi%C5%A1_(948)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Omiš (948) (page does not exist)">Battle of Omiš (948)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lastovo_(1000)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Lastovo (1000)">Battle of Lastovo (1000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zadar_(1345%E2%80%931346)" title="Siege of Zadar (1345–1346)">Siege of Zadar (1345–1346)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">High and Late Middle Ages<br />wars and battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zadar" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Zadar">Siege of Zadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Fourth Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Crusade" title="Fifth Crusade">Fifth Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mohi" title="Battle of Mohi">Battle of Mohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grobnik_Field" title="Battle of Grobnik Field">Battle of Grobnik Field</a> (legendary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bliska" title="Battle of Bliska">Battle of Bliska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_Hum_(1326%E2%80%931329)" class="mw-redirect" title="War of Hum (1326–1329)">War of Hum (1326–1329)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian%E2%80%93Ragusan_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian–Ragusan War">Bosnian-Dubrovnik War (1403-1404)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Samobor" title="Battle of Samobor">Battle of Samobor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_Varna" title="Crusade of Varna">Crusade of Varna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Una" title="Battle of Una">Battle of Una</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vrpile" title="Battle of Vrpile">Battle of Vrpile Gulch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crown_of_Zvonimir_(Croatia).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg/85px-Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg/128px-Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg/170px-Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="144" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coa_Croatia_Country_History_(with_crown)_(1868-1918).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg/70px-Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg/105px-Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg/140px-Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="255" data-file-height="470" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/105px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1844" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Croatian%E2%80%93Ottoman_wars" title="Croatian–Ottoman wars">Croatian–Ottoman wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Croatian%E2%80%93Ottoman_War" title="Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War">Hundred Years'<br />Croatian–Ottoman War</a><br />(1493–1593)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krbava_Field" title="Battle of Krbava Field">Battle of Krbava Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dubica" title="Battle of Dubica">Battle of Dubica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Knin" title="Siege of Knin">Siege of Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs" title="Battle of Mohács">Battle of Mohács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jajce" title="Siege of Jajce">Siege of Jajce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_campaign_of_1527%E2%80%931528" title="Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528">Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_campaign_of_1529" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan campaign of 1529">Balkan campaign of 1529</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_War_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Little War in Hungary">Little War in Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vara%C5%BEdin_(1527)" title="Siege of Varaždin (1527)">Siege of Varaždin (1527)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Belaj" title="Battle of Belaj">Battle of Belaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_K%C5%91szeg" title="Siege of Kőszeg">Siege of Kőszeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Klis" title="Siege of Klis">Siege of Klis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katzianer%27s_Campaign" title="Katzianer's Campaign">Katzianer's Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gorjani" title="Battle of Gorjani">Battle of Gorjani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_%C4%90ur%C4%91evac_(1552)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Đurđevac (1552) (page does not exist)">Siege of Đurđevac (1552)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hrastovica_(1561)" title="Battle of Hrastovica (1561)">Battle of Hrastovica (1561)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Szigetv%C3%A1r" title="Siege of Szigetvár">Siege of Szigetvár</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Siege of Gvozdansko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slunj" title="Battle of Slunj">Battle of Slunj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1592)" title="Siege of Bihać (1592)">Siege of Bihać (1592)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brest_(1592)" title="Battle of Brest (1592)">Battle of Brest (1592)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sisak" title="Battle of Sisak">Battle of Sisak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Long_Turkish_War" title="Long Turkish War">Long War</a><br />(1593–1606)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brest_(1596)" title="Battle of Brest (1596)">Battle of Brest (1596)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Keresztes" title="Battle of Keresztes">Battle of Keresztes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_(1663%E2%80%931664)" title="Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664)">Austro-Turkish War</a><br />(1663–1664)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Zr%C3%ADnyi%C3%BAjv%C3%A1r" title="First Battle of Zrínyiújvár">First Battle of Novi Zrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_at_Jurjeve_Stijene" title="Battle at Jurjeve Stijene">Battle of Otočac (1663)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Zr%C3%ADnyi%C3%BAjv%C3%A1r" title="Second Battle of Zrínyiújvár">Second Battle of Novi Zrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Novi_Zrin_(1664)" title="Siege of Novi Zrin (1664)">Siege of Novi Zrin (1664)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint_Gotthard_(1664)" title="Battle of Saint Gotthard (1664)">Battle of Saint Gotthard (1664)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian_theater_in_Great_Turkish_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian theater in Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a><br />(1683–1699)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Virovitica_(1684)" title="Siege of Virovitica (1684)">Siege of Virovitica (1684)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osijek_Incursion_(1685)" class="mw-redirect" title="Osijek Incursion (1685)">Osijek Incursion (1685)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs_(1687)" title="Battle of Mohács (1687)">Battle of Mohács (1687)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian_theater_in_Great_Turkish_War#Siege_of_Udbina" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian theater in Great Turkish War">Siege of Udbina Castle (1689)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1697)" title="Siege of Bihać (1697)">Siege of Bihać (1697)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slankamen" title="Battle of Slankamen">Battle of Slankamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zenta" title="Battle of Zenta">Battle of Senta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">18th-century<br />Ottoman wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint_Gotthard_(1705)" title="Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705)">Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Sinj_(1715)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Sinj (1715) (page does not exist)">Siege of Sinj (1715)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Petrovaradin" title="Battle of Petrovaradin">Battle of Petrovaradin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Banja_Luka" title="Battle of Banja Luka">Battle of Banja Luka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Relief_of_Dre%C5%BEnik_(1788)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Relief of Drežnik (1788) (page does not exist)">Relief of Drežnik (1788)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relief_of_Cetingrad" title="Relief of Cetingrad">Relief of Cetingrad (1790)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/European_wars_of_religion" title="European wars of religion">European 17th/18th-<br />century wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uskok_War" title="Uskok War">Uskok War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sablat" title="Battle of Sablat">Battle of Sablat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Heidelberg_(1622)" title="Siege of Heidelberg (1622)">Siege of Heidelberg (1622)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Magdeburg" title="Sack of Magdeburg">Sack of Magdeburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Breitenfeld_(1631)" title="Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)">Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_L%C3%BCtzen_(1632)" title="Battle of Lützen (1632)">Battle of Lützen (1632)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_N%C3%B6rdlingen_(1634)" title="Battle of Nördlingen (1634)">Battle of Nördlingen (1634)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lobositz" title="Battle of Lobositz">Battle of Lobositz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kol%C3%ADn" title="Battle of Kolín">Battle of Kolín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Breslau_(1757)" title="Battle of Breslau (1757)">Battle of Breslau (1757)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hochkirch" title="Battle of Hochkirch">Battle of Hochkirch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meissen" title="Battle of Meissen">Battle of Meissen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landeshut_(1760)" title="Battle of Landeshut (1760)">Battle of Landeshut (1760)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Liegnitz_(1760)" title="Battle of Liegnitz (1760)">Battle of Liegnitz (1760)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">19th-century wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castiglione" title="Battle of Castiglione">Battle of Castiglione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bassano" title="Battle of Bassano">Battle of Bassano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ostrach" title="Battle of Ostrach">Battle of Ostrach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stockach_(1799)" title="Battle of Stockach (1799)">Battle of Stockach (1799)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marengo" title="Battle of Marengo">Battle of Marengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caldiero_(1805)" title="Battle of Caldiero (1805)">Battle of Caldiero (1805)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Austerlitz" title="Battle of Austerlitz">Battle of Austerlitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landshut_(1809)" title="Battle of Landshut (1809)">Battle of Landshut (1809)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neumarkt-Sankt_Veit" title="Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit">Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sankt_Michael" title="Battle of Sankt Michael">Battle of Sankt Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raab_(1809)" title="Battle of Raab (1809)">Battle of Raab (1809)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Graz" title="Battle of Graz">Battle of Graz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leipzig" title="Battle of Leipzig">Battle of Leipzig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848%E2%80%9349" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848–49">Hungarian Revolution<br />of 1848–49</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_P%C3%A1kozd" title="Battle of Pákozd">Battle of Pákozd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_Uprising" title="Vienna Uprising">Vienna Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schwechat" title="Battle of Schwechat">Battle of Schwechat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C3%B3r" title="Battle of Mór">Battle of Mór</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_K%C3%A1polna" title="Battle of Kápolna">Battle of Kápolna</a></li> <li>Battles of Komárom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="First Battle of Komárom (1849)">First battle</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="Second Battle of Komárom (1849)">Second battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="Third Battle of Komárom (1849)">Third battle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Temesv%C3%A1r" title="Battle of Temesvár">Battle of Temesvár</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Third_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Third Italian War of Independence">Third Italian War<br />of Independence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Custoza_(1866)" title="Battle of Custoza (1866)">Battle of Custoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lissa_(1866)" title="Battle of Lissa (1866)">Battle of Vis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_campaign_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_1878#Occupation" title="Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878">Austro-Hungarian –<br />Bosnia-Herzegovinian War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jajce_(1878)" title="Battle of Jajce (1878)">Battle of Jajce (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vitez_(1878)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vitez (1878) (page does not exist)">Battle of Vitez (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarajevo_(1878)" title="Battle of Sarajevo (1878)">Battle of Sarajevo (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Livno_(1878)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Livno (1878) (page does not exist)">Battle of Livno (1878)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">20th-century wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">World War I</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Campaign_of_World_War_I" title="Adriatic Campaign of World War I">Adriatic Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Galicia" title="Battle of Galicia">Battle of Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_the_Isonzo" title="Battles of the Isonzo">Battle of Soča</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caporetto" title="Battle of Caporetto">Battle of Caporetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardment_of_Ancona" title="Bombardment of Ancona">Bombardment of Ancona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Piave_River" title="Second Battle of the Piave River">Second Battle of the Piave River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Battle of Vittorio Veneto">Battle of Vittorio Veneto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">World War II</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">Invasion of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kozara" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Kozara">Battle of Kozara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Livno" title="Battle of Livno">Battle of Livno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Battle of Stalingrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neretva" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Neretva">Battle of Neretva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Otto_(1943)" title="Operation Otto (1943)">Operation Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Sutjeska" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Sutjeska">Battle of the Sutjeska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Drvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Raid on Drvar">Raid on Drvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrmian_Front" title="Syrmian Front">Syrmian Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Knin" title="Battle of Knin">Battle of Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mostar" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Mostar">Battle of Mostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lijev%C4%8De_Field" title="Battle of Lijevče Field">Battle of Lijevče Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo_(1945)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Sarajevo (1945)">Battle of Sarajevo (1945)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Croatian War of Independence">Croatian War of Independence</a><br />(1991–1995)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakrac_clash" title="Pakrac clash">Pakrac clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes_incident" title="Plitvice Lakes incident">Plitvice Lakes incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borovo_Selo_killings" class="mw-redirect" title="Borovo Selo killings">Borovo Selo killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Stinger" title="Operation Stinger">Operation Stinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Yugoslav_campaign_in_Croatia" title="1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia">1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalj_massacre" title="Dalj massacre">Dalj massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osijek" title="Battle of Osijek">Battle of Osijek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vukovar" title="Battle of Vukovar">Battle of Vukovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vukovar_massacre" title="Vukovar massacre">Vukovar massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gospi%C4%87" title="Battle of Gospić">Battle of Gospić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%A0ibenik" title="Battle of Šibenik">Battle of Šibenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zadar" title="Battle of Zadar">Battle of Zadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kusonje" title="Battle of Kusonje">Battle of Kusonje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Barracks" title="Battle of the Barracks">Battle of the Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vara%C5%BEdin_Barracks" title="Siege of Varaždin Barracks">Siege of Varaždin Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bjelovar_Barracks" title="Siege of Bjelovar Barracks">Siege of Bjelovar Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dalmatian_Channels" title="Battle of the Dalmatian Channels">Battle of the Dalmatian Channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87_massacre" title="Gospić massacre">Gospić massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Siege of Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Otkos_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Otkos 10">Operation Otkos 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Orkan_91" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Orkan 91">Operation Orkan 91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Whirlwind" title="Operation Whirlwind">Operation Whirlwind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Baranja" title="Operation Baranja">Operation Baranja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackal" title="Operation Jackal">Operation Jackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Miljevci_Plateau" title="Battle of the Miljevci Plateau">Battle of the Miljevci Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1992)" title="Operation Tiger (1992)">Operation Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Maslenica" title="Operation Maslenica">Operation Maslenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daruvar_Agreement" title="Daruvar Agreement">Daruvar Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Medak_Pocket" title="Operation Medak Pocket">Operation Medak Pocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Flash" title="Operation Flash">Operation Flash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/War_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Bosnia and Herzegovina">War in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a><br />(1992–1995)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1992)" title="Battle of Kupres (1992)">Battle of Kupres (1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo" title="Siege of Sarajevo">Siege of Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1992%E2%80%9395)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Bihać (1992–95)">Siege of Bihać (1992–95)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vrbas_%2792" title="Operation Vrbas '92">Operation Vrbas '92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Koridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Koridor">Operation Koridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%BDep%C4%8De" title="Battle of Žepče">Battle of Žepče</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mostar" title="Siege of Mostar">Siege of Mostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Neretva_%2793" title="Operation Neretva '93">Operation Neretva '93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tvigi_94" title="Operation Tvigi 94">Operation Tvigi 94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1994)" title="Battle of Kupres (1994)">Battle of Kupres (Operation Cincar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ora%C5%A1je" title="Battle of Orašje">Battle of Orašje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mistral_2" title="Operation Mistral 2">Operation Maestral 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Una" title="Operation Una">Operation Una</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Southern_Move" title="Operation Southern Move">Operation Southern Move</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">21st-century<br />conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan<br />(2001–2021)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Security_Assistance_Force" title="International Security Assistance Force">International Security Assistance Force (ISAF)</a> (2003–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resolute_Support_Mission" title="Resolute Support Mission">Resolute Support Mission Force (RS)</a> (2015–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Golan_Heights" title="Golan Heights">Golan Heights</a> <a href="/wiki/Ceasefire" title="Ceasefire">ceasefire</a><br />after <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War">Yom Kippur War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Disengagement_Observer_Force" title="United Nations Disengagement Observer Force">United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)</a> (2008–2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_Croatia" title="Category:Battles involving Croatia">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Ottoman_Empire&#124;link=Ottoman_Empire_Major_sieges_involving_the_Ottoman_Empire_by_century" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Major_Ottoman_sieges" title="Template:Major Ottoman sieges"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Major_Ottoman_sieges" title="Template talk:Major Ottoman sieges"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Major_Ottoman_sieges" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Major Ottoman sieges"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Ottoman_Empire&#124;link=Ottoman_Empire_Major_sieges_involving_the_Ottoman_Empire_by_century" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire"><img alt="Ottoman Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_besieged_by_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="List of cities besieged by the Ottoman Empire">Major sieges</a> involving the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> by century</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">13th-14th</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">1285</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kulaca_Hisar" title="Siege of Kulaca Hisar">Kulaca Hisar</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1326</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bursa" title="Siege of Bursa">Bursa</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1328–1331</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nicaea_(1328%E2%80%931331)" title="Siege of Nicaea (1328–1331)">Nicaea</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1333–1337</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nicomedia" title="Siege of Nicomedia">Nicomedia</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1360s</span> <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_conquest_of_Adrianople" title="Ottoman conquest of Adrianople">Adrianople</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1385</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sofia" title="Siege of Sofia">Sofia</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1393</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tarnovo" title="Siege of Tarnovo">Tarnovo</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1394–1402</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Constantinople_(1394%E2%80%931402)" title="Siege of Constantinople (1394–1402)">Constantinople</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15th</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">1411</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Constantinople_(1411)" title="Siege of Constantinople (1411)">Constantinople</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1422</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Constantinople_(1422)" title="Siege of Constantinople (1422)">Constantinople</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1422–1430</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Thessalonica_(1422%E2%80%931430)" title="Siege of Thessalonica (1422–1430)">Thessalonica</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1428</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Golubac" title="Siege of Golubac">Golubac</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1440</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1440)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1440)">Belgrade</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1440–41</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Novo_Brdo_(1440%E2%80%9341)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Novo Brdo (1440–41)">Novo Brdo</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1448</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Svetigrad_(1448)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Svetigrad (1448)">Svetigrad</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1450</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kruj%C3%AB_(1450)" title="Siege of Krujë (1450)">Krujë</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1453</span> <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Constantinople" title="Fall of Constantinople">Constantinople</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1455</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Berat_(1455)" title="Siege of Berat (1455)">Berat</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1456</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1456)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1456)">Belgrade</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1461</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Trebizond_(1461)" title="Siege of Trebizond (1461)">Trebizond</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1462</span> <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_conquest_of_Lesbos" title="Ottoman conquest of Lesbos">Mytilene</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1463</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jajce" title="Siege of Jajce">Jajce</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1464</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jajce_(1464)" title="Siege of Jajce (1464)">Jajce</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1466–67</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kruj%C3%AB_(1466%E2%80%931467)" title="Siege of Krujë (1466–1467)">Krujë</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1467</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kruj%C3%AB_(1467)" title="Siege of Krujë (1467)">Krujë</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1470</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Negroponte_(1470)" title="Siege of Negroponte (1470)">Negroponte</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1474</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Shkodra_(1474)" title="Siege of Shkodra (1474)">Scutari</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1477–78</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kruj%C3%AB_(1478)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Krujë (1478)">Krujë</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1478–79</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Shkodra" title="Siege of Shkodra">Scutari</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1480</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Rhodes_(1480)" title="Siege of Rhodes (1480)">Rhodes</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1481</span> <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_invasion_of_Otranto" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman invasion of Otranto">Otranto</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1484</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chilia_(1484)" title="Siege of Chilia (1484)">Chilia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">16th</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">1500</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Castle_of_Saint_George" title="Siege of the Castle of Saint George">Cephalonia</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1517</span> <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Cairo_(1517)" title="Capture of Cairo (1517)">Cairo</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1521</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1521)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1521)">Belgrade</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1522</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Knin" title="Siege of Knin">Knin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1522</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Rhodes_(1522)" title="Siege of Rhodes (1522)">Rhodes</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1529</span> <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_of_Algiers_(1529)" title="Capture of Peñón of Algiers (1529)">Peñón of Algiers</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1529</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vienna_(1529)" title="Siege of Vienna (1529)">Vienna</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1531</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Diu_(1531)" title="Siege of Diu (1531)">Diu</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1532</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_K%C5%91szeg" title="Siege of Kőszeg">Güns (Kőszeg)</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1532</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Maribor_(1532)" title="Siege of Maribor (1532)">Maribor</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1533–34</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Coron_(1533%E2%80%931534)" title="Siege of Coron (1533–1534)">Coron</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1534</span> <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1534)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1534)">Tunis</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1534</span> <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Baghdad_(1534)" title="Capture of Baghdad (1534)">Baghdad</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1537</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Klis" title="Siege of Klis">Klis</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1537</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Corfu_(1537)" title="Siege of Corfu (1537)">Corfu</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1538</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Diu_(1538)" title="Siege of Diu (1538)">Diu</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1539</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Castelnuovo" title="Siege of Castelnuovo">Castelnuovo</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1541</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Buda_(1541)" title="Siege of Buda (1541)">Buda</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1543</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nice" title="Siege of Nice">Nice</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1543</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Esztergom_(1543)" title="Siege of Esztergom (1543)">Esztergom</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1548</span> <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Aden_(1548)" title="Capture of Aden (1548)">Aden</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1548</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Van_(1548)" title="Siege of Van (1548)">Van</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1551</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tripoli_(1551)" title="Siege of Tripoli (1551)">Tripoli</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1552</span> <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Muscat_(1552)" title="Capture of Muscat (1552)">Muscat</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1552</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_campaign_against_Hormuz" title="Ottoman campaign against Hormuz">Hormuz</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1552</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Temesv%C3%A1r_(1552)" title="Siege of Temesvár (1552)">Temesvár</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1552</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Eger_(1552)" title="Siege of Eger (1552)">Eger</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1556</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Oran_(1556)" title="Siege of Oran (1556)">Oran</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1559</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bahrain" title="Siege of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1563</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Sieges_of_Oran_and_Mers_El_K%C3%A9bir" title="Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir">Oran</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1565</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_of_Malta" title="Great Siege of Malta">Malta</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1566</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Szigetv%C3%A1r" title="Siege of Szigetvár">Szigetvar</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1570–71</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Famagusta" title="Siege of Famagusta">Famagusta</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1574</span> <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1574)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1574)">Tunis</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1578</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gvozdansko</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1592</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1592)" title="Siege of Bihać (1592)">Bihać</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1593</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sisak" title="Battle of Sisak">Sisak</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1596</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Eger_(1596)" title="Siege of Eger (1596)">Eger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">17th</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">1601</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nagykanizsa" title="Siege of Nagykanizsa">Nagykanizsa</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1621</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khotyn_(1621)" title="Battle of Khotyn (1621)">Khotyn</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1638</span> <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Baghdad_(1638)" title="Capture of Baghdad (1638)">Baghdad</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1663</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_%C3%89rsek%C3%BAjv%C3%A1r_(1663)" title="Siege of Érsekújvár (1663)">Uyvar</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1664</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Novi_Zrin_(1664)" title="Siege of Novi Zrin (1664)">Novi Zrin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1648–1669</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Candia" title="Siege of Candia">Candia</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1672</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kamenets" title="Siege of Kamenets">Kamenets</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1683</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vienna" title="Battle of Vienna">Vienna</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1684</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Buda_(1684)" title="Siege of Buda (1684)">Buda</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1684</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Santa_Maura_(1684)" title="Siege of Santa Maura (1684)">Santa Maura</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1685</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_%C3%89rsek%C3%BAjv%C3%A1r_(1685)" title="Siege of Érsekújvár (1685)">Érsekújvár</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1686</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Buda_(1686)" title="Siege of Buda (1686)">Buda</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1686</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_P%C3%A9cs" title="Siege of Pécs">Pécs</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1688</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Negroponte_(1688)" title="Siege of Negroponte (1688)">Negroponte</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1688</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1688)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1688)">Belgrade</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1690</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1690)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1690)">Belgrade</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1695</span> <a href="/wiki/Azov_campaigns_(1695%E2%80%9396)#The_first_Azov_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Azov campaigns (1695–96)">Azov</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1696</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Azov_campaigns_(1695%E2%80%9396)#The_first_Azov_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Azov campaigns (1695–96)">Azov</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">1711</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Pruth_River_Campaign#Siege_of_Brăila" title="Pruth River Campaign">Brăila</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1715</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nauplia_(1715)" title="Siege of Nauplia (1715)">Nauplia</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1716</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Corfu_(1716)" title="Siege of Corfu (1716)">Corfu</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1716</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Teme%C5%9Fvar_(1716)" title="Siege of Temeşvar (1716)">Temeşvar</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1717</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1717)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1717)">Belgrade</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1733</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Baghdad_(1733)" title="Siege of Baghdad (1733)">Baghdad</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1734–35</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ganja_(1734)" title="Siege of Ganja (1734)">Ganja</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1737</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ochakov_(1737)" title="Siege of Ochakov (1737)">Ochakov</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1739</span> <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Belgrade_(1739)" title="Capture of Belgrade (1739)">Belgrade</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1788</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ochakov_(1788)" title="Siege of Ochakov (1788)">Ochakov</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1788</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Khotin_(1788)" title="Siege of Khotin (1788)">Khotin</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1789</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1789)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1789)">Belgrade</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1789–90</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Izmail" title="Siege of Izmail">Izmail</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1799</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_El_Arish" title="Siege of El Arish">El Arish</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1799</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jaffa" title="Siege of Jaffa">Jaffa</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1799</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1799)" title="Siege of Acre (1799)">Acre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">1801</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cairo" title="Siege of Cairo">Cairo</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1806</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1806)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1806)">Belgrade</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1821</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Patras_(1821)" title="Siege of Patras (1821)">Patras</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1821–22</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Acropolis_(1821%E2%80%9322)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of the Acropolis (1821–22)">Acropolis</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1821</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tripolitsa" title="Siege of Tripolitsa">Tripolitsa</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1822</span> <i><a href="/wiki/First_Siege_of_Missolonghi" class="mw-redirect" title="First Siege of Missolonghi">Missolonghi</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1823</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Second_Siege_of_Missolonghi" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Siege of Missolonghi">Missolonghi</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1825–26</span> <a href="/wiki/Third_Siege_of_Missolonghi" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Siege of Missolonghi">Missolonghi</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1826–27</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Acropolis_(1826%E2%80%9327)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of the Acropolis (1826–27)">Acropolis</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1828</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kars_(1828)" title="Siege of Kars (1828)">Kars</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1828</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Varna" title="Siege of Varna">Varna</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1854</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Calafat" title="Siege of Calafat">Calafat</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1854</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Silistra" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Silistra">Silistra</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1854–55</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1854%E2%80%9355)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Sevastopol (1854–55)">Sevastopol</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1855</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kars" title="Siege of Kars">Kars</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1877</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Plevna" title="Siege of Plevna">Plevna</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">1912–13</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Scutari_(1912%E2%80%9313)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Scutari (1912–13)">Scutari</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1912–13</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Adrianople_(1912%E2%80%9313)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Adrianople (1912–13)">Adrianople</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1915</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Defense_of_Van_(1915)" title="Defense of Van (1915)">Van</a></i></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1915–16</span> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kut" title="Siege of Kut">Kut</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1916–1919</span> <i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Medina" title="Siege of Medina">Medina</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td 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