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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Années 1340</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 83 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">83 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyos_1340" title="Anyos 1340 – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Anyos 1340" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1340" title="عقد 1340 – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عقد 1340" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85_1340" title="عوام 1340 – arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="عوام 1340" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1340" title="عقد 1340 – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عقد 1340" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_del_1340" title="Década del 1340 – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Década del 1340" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-an" title="1340-an – balinais" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1340-an" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%D1%8F" title="1340-я – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1340-я" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%D1%8F" title="1340-я – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1340-я" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A9%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%A6-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95" title="১৩৪০-এর দশক – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৩৪০-এর দশক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloavezhio%C3%B9_1340" title="Bloavezhioù 1340 – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bloavezhioù 1340" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-e" title="1340-e – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1340-e" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A8cada_del_1340" title="Dècada del 1340 – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dècada del 1340" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340_ni%C3%A8ng-d%C3%A2i" title="1340 nièng-dâi – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1340 nièng-dâi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%D0%BC%C4%95%D1%88_%C3%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="1340-мĕш çулсем – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1340-мĕш çулсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340au" title="1340au – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1340au" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340%27erne" title="1340'erne – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1340'erne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340er" title="1340er – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1340er" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_1340" title="An 1340 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="An 1340" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340s" title="1340s – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="1340s" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-aj_jaroj" title="1340-aj jaroj – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1340-aj jaroj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1os_1340" title="Años 1340 – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Años 1340" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340._aastad" title="1340. aastad – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1340. aastad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340ko_hamarkada" title="1340ko hamarkada – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1340ko hamarkada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%87_%DB%B1%DB%B3%DB%B4%DB%B0_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="دهه ۱۳۴۰ (میلادی) – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دهه ۱۳۴۰ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-luku" title="1340-luku – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1340-luku" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%C3%A1rini" title="1340-árini – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1340-árini" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340id%C3%AD" title="1340idí – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1340idí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1340年代 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1340年代" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340an" title="1340an – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1340an" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_de_1340" title="Década de 1340 – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Década de 1340" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94-40_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%94-14" title="שנות ה-40 של המאה ה-14 – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שנות ה-40 של המאה ה-14" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-es_%C3%A9vek" title="1340-es évek – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1340-es évek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-an" title="1340-an – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1340-an" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yari_1340a" title="Yari 1340a – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Yari 1340a" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1341-1350" title="1341-1350 – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1341-1350" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anni_1340" title="Anni 1340 – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anni 1340" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1340年代 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1340年代" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-an" title="1340-an – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1340-an" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="1340-იანები – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1340-იანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340%EB%85%84%EB%8C%80" title="1340년대 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1340년대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%81" title="1340-ӧд вояс – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="1340-ӧд вояс" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anni_1340" title="Anni 1340 – ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Anni 1340" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/XIV_am%C5%BEiaus_5-as_de%C5%A1imtmetis" title="XIV amžiaus 5-as dešimtmetis – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="XIV amžiaus 5-as dešimtmetis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340_%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="1340 ийла – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1340 ийла" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%D1%82%D0%B8" title="1340-ти – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1340-ти" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8.%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A6_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95" title="इ.स.चे १३४० चे दशक – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स.चे १३४० चे दशक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-an" title="1340-an – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1340-an" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340_%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C" title="1340 це иеть – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1340 це иеть" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-1349" title="1340-1349 – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1340-1349" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%C3%A5rene" title="1340-årene – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1340-årene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna%C3%A9es_1340" title="Annaées 1340 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Annaées 1340" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340s" title="1340s – sotho du Nord" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1340s" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotho du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_de_1340" title="Década de 1340 – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Década de 1340" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340_watakuna" title="1340 watakuna – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1340 watakuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anii_1340" title="Anii 1340 – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Anii 1340" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="1340-е годы – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1340-е годы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%D1%81" title="1340-с – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1340-с" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340ini" title="1340ini – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1340ini" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-e" title="1340-e – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1340-e" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340s" title="1340s – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1340s" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/40._roky_14._storo%C4%8Dia" title="40. roky 14. storočia – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="40. roky 14. storočia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340." title="1340. – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1340." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitet_1340" title="Vitet 1340 – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vitet 1340" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%D0%B5" title="1340-е – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1340-е" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-an" title="1340-an – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1340-an" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-talet" title="1340-talet – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1340-talet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miaka_ya_1340" title="Miaka ya 1340 – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Miaka ya 1340" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%B8_1340_(%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D3%A3)" title="Даҳаи 1340 (мелодӣ) – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Даҳаи 1340 (мелодӣ)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A9_1340" title="คริสต์ทศวรรษ 1340 – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คริสต์ทศวรรษ 1340" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340%C3%BD%C3%BD" title="1340ýý – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1340ýý" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340%27lar" title="1340'lar – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1340'lar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="1340-еллар – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1340-еллар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%D0%B2%D1%96" title="1340-ві – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1340-ві" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340%D8%A1_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="1340ء کی دہائی – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1340ء کی دہائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-lar" title="1340-lar – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1340-lar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%ADp_ni%C3%AAn_1340" title="Thập niên 1340 – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thập niên 1340" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%AAyes_1340" title="Anêyes 1340 – wallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Anêyes 1340" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="wallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340_nga_dekada" title="1340 nga dekada – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1340 nga dekada" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1340年代 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1340年代" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340-%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="1340-იანეფი – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1340-იანეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1340年代 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1340年代" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340_n%C3%AE-t%C4%81i" title="1340 nî-tāi – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1340 nî-tāi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1340%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1340年代 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1340年代" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive" style="width:21em"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #C0D1E2;"> <div><small>Chronologies</small></div> </div><table><caption class="hidden" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Données clés</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1340" title="1340">1340</a> <a href="/wiki/1341" title="1341">1341</a> <a href="/wiki/1342" title="1342">1342</a> <a href="/wiki/1343" title="1343">1343</a> <a href="/wiki/1344" title="1344">1344</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1345" title="1345">1345</a> <a href="/wiki/1346" title="1346">1346</a> <a href="/wiki/1347" title="1347">1347</a> <a href="/wiki/1348" title="1348">1348</a> <a href="/wiki/1349" title="1349">1349</a><br /><small><b>Décennies :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1310" title="Années 1310">1310</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1320" title="Années 1320">1320</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1330" title="Années 1330">1330</a> <b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1340</a> </b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1350" title="Années 1350">1350</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1360" title="Années 1360">1360</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1370" title="Années 1370">1370</a><br /><small><b>Siècles :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/XIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIIe siècle">XII<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/XIIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIIIe siècle">XIII<sup>e</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/XIVe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIVe siècle">XIV<sup>e</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/XVe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVe siècle">XV<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/XVIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVIe siècle">XVI<sup>e</sup></a><br /><small><b>Millénaires :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="Ier millénaire av. J.-C.">-I<sup>er</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire" title="Ier millénaire">I<sup>er</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIe millénaire">II<sup>e</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/IIIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIIe millénaire">III<sup>e</sup></a> </td> </tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Calendriers</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_romain" title="Calendrier romain">Romain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_chinois" title="Calendrier chinois">Chinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_gr%C3%A9gorien" title="Calendrier grégorien">Grégorien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_julien" title="Calendrier julien">Julien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9bra%C3%AFque" title="Calendrier hébraïque">Hébraïque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_hindou" title="Calendrier hindou">Hindou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9girien" title="Calendrier hégirien">Hégirien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_persan" title="Calendrier persan">Persan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_r%C3%A9publicain" title="Calendrier républicain">Républicain</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#CEE0F2;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&action=edit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Ann%C3%A9es" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></p></div> <p>Les <b>années 1340</b> couvrent la période de 1340 à 1349. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Événements"><span id=".C3.89v.C3.A9nements"></span>Événements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Événements" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Événements"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asie">Asie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Asie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Asie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>1338-1573</b> : <a href="/wiki/%C3%89poque_de_Muromachi" title="Époque de Muromachi">époque de Muromachi</a> au <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>Entre 1340 et 1350</b> : le prince <a href="/wiki/Lao_(peuple)" title="Lao (peuple)">lao</a> <a href="/wiki/Fa_Ngum" title="Fa Ngum">Fa Ngum</a>, exilé à <a href="/wiki/Angkor" title="Angkor">Angkor</a>, conquiert avec l’aide d’une armée khmère de vastes territoires<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1342</b> : indépendance du <a href="/wiki/Sultanat_du_Bengale" title="Sultanat du Bengale">sultanat du Bengale</a> vis-à-vis du <a href="/wiki/Sultanat_de_Delhi" title="Sultanat de Delhi">sultanat de Delhi</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>Vers 1345-1377</b> : le <a href="/wiki/Manuscrit_de_Tanjung_Tanah" title="Manuscrit de Tanjung Tanah">manuscrit de Tanjung Tanah</a> donne une description du droit dans le royaume de <a href="/wiki/Kerinci_(peuple)" title="Kerinci (peuple)">Kerinci</a> à <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> en <a href="/wiki/Indon%C3%A9sie" title="Indonésie">Indonésie</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1346</b> : en <a href="/wiki/Inde" title="Inde">Inde</a> le <a href="/wiki/Royaume_de_Vijayanagara" title="Royaume de Vijayanagara">royaume de Vijayanagara</a> domine tout le <a href="/wiki/Deccan" title="Deccan">Deccan</a> d'une côte à l'autre<sup id="cite_ref-Grewal_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grewal-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1347</b> : fondation du sultanat des <a href="/wiki/Bahman%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahmanî">Bahmanî</a> dans le <a href="/wiki/Dekkan" class="mw-redirect" title="Dekkan">Dekkan</a> en <a href="/wiki/Inde_du_Sud" title="Inde du Sud">Inde du Sud</a><sup id="cite_ref-Grewal_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grewal-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Europe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Europe"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Pietro_lorenzetti,_nativit%C3%A0_della_vergine_del_duomo_di_siena,_1342,_tempera_su_tavola_187x182,_museo_dell%27opera_del_duomo_di_siena.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_nativit%C3%A0_della_vergine_del_duomo_di_siena%2C_1342%2C_tempera_su_tavola_187x182%2C_museo_dell%27opera_del_duomo_di_siena.jpg/220px-Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_nativit%C3%A0_della_vergine_del_duomo_di_siena%2C_1342%2C_tempera_su_tavola_187x182%2C_museo_dell%27opera_del_duomo_di_siena.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_nativit%C3%A0_della_vergine_del_duomo_di_siena%2C_1342%2C_tempera_su_tavola_187x182%2C_museo_dell%27opera_del_duomo_di_siena.jpg/330px-Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_nativit%C3%A0_della_vergine_del_duomo_di_siena%2C_1342%2C_tempera_su_tavola_187x182%2C_museo_dell%27opera_del_duomo_di_siena.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_nativit%C3%A0_della_vergine_del_duomo_di_siena%2C_1342%2C_tempera_su_tavola_187x182%2C_museo_dell%27opera_del_duomo_di_siena.jpg 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="459" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nativit%C3%A9_de_la_Vierge_(Pietro_Lorenzetti)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nativité de la Vierge (Pietro Lorenzetti)"><i>Nativité de la Vierge</i></a>, de <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Lorenzetti" title="Pietro Lorenzetti">Pietro Lorenzetti</a> (1335-1342).</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>1340</b> : <a href="/wiki/Bataille_de_L%27%C3%89cluse_(1340)" title="Bataille de L'Écluse (1340)">bataille navale de L'Écluse</a>. Poursuite de la <a href="/wiki/Guerre_de_Cent_Ans" title="Guerre de Cent Ans">guerre de Cent Ans</a> entre la France et l'Angleterre. Victoire écrasante de l’armée anglaise à la <a href="/wiki/Bataille_de_Cr%C3%A9cy" title="Bataille de Crécy">bataille de Crécy</a> en 1346 à la suite de la <a href="/wiki/Chevauch%C3%A9e_d%27%C3%89douard_III_(1346)" title="Chevauchée d'Édouard III (1346)">Chevauchée d'Édouard <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a>. <a href="/wiki/Si%C3%A8ge_de_Calais_(1346-1347)" title="Siège de Calais (1346-1347)">Prise de Calais</a> en 1347<sup id="cite_ref-Minois_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minois-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1340–1366</b> : guerre entre la <a href="/wiki/Lituanie" title="Lituanie">Lituanie</a> et la <a href="/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne">Pologne</a> pour le contrôle de la <a href="/wiki/Principaut%C3%A9_de_Galicie-Volhynie" title="Principauté de Galicie-Volhynie">principauté de Galicie-Volhynie</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1341-1364</b> : <a href="/wiki/Guerre_de_Succession_de_Bretagne" title="Guerre de Succession de Bretagne">guerre de Succession de Bretagne</a><sup id="cite_ref-Minois_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minois-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1341-1347</b> : <a href="/wiki/Guerre_civile_de_Byzance_(1341-1347)" title="Guerre civile de Byzance (1341-1347)">guerre civile</a> dans l'<a href="/wiki/Empire_byzantin" title="Empire byzantin">Empire byzantin</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1342-1349</b> : révolution des Zélotes à <a href="/wiki/Thessalonique" title="Thessalonique">Thessalonique</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>1341-1351</b> : consécration de la doctrine des <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9sychasme" title="Hésychasme">hésychastes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Qui%C3%A9tisme" title="Quiétisme">quiétisme</a>) par une série de conciles à <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (<a href="/wiki/1341" title="1341">1341</a>-<a href="/wiki/1351" title="1351">1351</a>) et par le Tome synodal de <a href="/wiki/1351" title="1351">1351</a>. Vers 1340, l’ermite au <a href="/wiki/Mont_Athos" title="Mont Athos">mont Athos</a> <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_Palamas" title="Grégoire Palamas">Grégoire Palamas</a> est chargé de défendre l’<a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9sychasme" title="Hésychasme">hésychasme</a> (mystique de la contemplation sensible de Dieu par le silence et l’immobilité) contre le moine <a href="/wiki/Barlaam_le_Calabrais" title="Barlaam le Calabrais">Barlaam le Calabrais</a>. Il compose les <i>Triades sur les saints hésychastes</i><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1343-1344</b> : crise économique en <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> provoquée par la faillite des banques de <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> (les <a href="/wiki/Famille_Peruzzi" title="Famille Peruzzi">Peruzzi</a> en 1343, les <a href="/wiki/Famille_Acciaiuoli" title="Famille Acciaiuoli">Acciaiuoli</a> en 1345 et les <a href="/wiki/Famille_Bardi" title="Famille Bardi">Bardi</a> en 1346)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1346-1378</b> : premier âge d’or de la <a href="/wiki/Royaume_de_Boh%C3%AAme" title="Royaume de Bohême">Bohême</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ; <a href="/wiki/Charles_IV_du_Saint-Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles IV du Saint-Empire">Charles <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a>, roi mécène, fait venir à <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a> des artistes de toute l’Europe : enlumineurs (Jean de Troppeau), peintres (Nicolas Wurmser), architectes et sculpteurs (<a href="/wiki/Peter_Parler" title="Peter Parler">Peter Parler</a>, souabe, est le maître d’œuvre de la <a href="/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_Saint-Guy_de_Prague" title="Cathédrale Saint-Guy de Prague">cathédrale Saint-Guy</a>, du <a href="/wiki/Pont_Charles" title="Pont Charles">pont Charles</a> à Prague, <a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%AEtre_Th%C3%A9odoric" title="Maître Théodoric">maître Théodoric</a> réalise des fresques gothiques au château de <a href="/wiki/Karlstejn" class="mw-redirect" title="Karlstejn">Karlstejn</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Un style gothique original se développe, baptisé gothique Vladislav, du nom d’une salle du <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Prague" title="Château de Prague">château de Prague</a>.</li> <li><b>1347-1350</b> : grande épidémie de <a href="/wiki/Peste_noire" title="Peste noire">peste</a> qui touche toute l'Europe et tue un tiers de sa population<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Elle favorise et intensifie le renouveau du mouvement des <a href="/wiki/Flagellant" title="Flagellant">flagellants</a> (cf. <a href="/wiki/1259" title="1259">1259</a>), convaincus que la <a href="/wiki/Fin_du_monde" title="Fin du monde">fin du monde</a> était proche. Les <a href="/wiki/Juifs" title="Juifs">Juifs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Accusation_d%27empoisonnement_des_puits_contre_les_Juifs" title="Accusation d'empoisonnement des puits contre les Juifs">accusés de propager la maladie</a>, sont persécutés<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1347-1348</b> : guerre entre <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ier_de_Hongrie" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Ier de Hongrie">Louis <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr> de Hongrie</a> et <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Ire_de_Naples" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeanne Ire de Naples">Jeanne <abbr class="abbr" title="première"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>re</sup></abbr> de Naples</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>1348</b> : les Serbes d’<a href="/wiki/Stefan_Uro%C5%A1_IV_Du%C5%A1an" title="Stefan Uroš IV Dušan">Étienne Douchan</a> s’emparent de l’<a href="/wiki/%C3%89pire" title="Épire">Épire</a>, de la <a href="/wiki/Thessalie" title="Thessalie">Thessalie</a> et de la <a href="/wiki/Royaume_de_Mac%C3%A9doine" title="Royaume de Macédoine">Macédoine</a> (sauf <a href="/wiki/Salonique" class="mw-redirect" title="Salonique">Salonique</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <ul><li>Première mention des bourgs de <a href="/wiki/Baia_(Suceava)" title="Baia (Suceava)">Baia</a> (<a href="/wiki/1334" title="1334">1334</a>), <a href="/wiki/Siret_(Roumanie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siret (Roumanie)">Siret</a> (<a href="/wiki/1340" title="1340">1340</a>) et <a href="/wiki/Suceava" title="Suceava">Suceava</a> (<a href="/wiki/1345" title="1345">1345</a>) en <a href="/wiki/Principaut%C3%A9_de_Moldavie" title="Principauté de Moldavie">Moldavie</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnalités_significatives"><span id="Personnalit.C3.A9s_significatives"></span>Personnalités significatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Personnalités significatives" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Personnalités significatives"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Hasan_ben_Uthman" title="Abu al-Hasan ben Uthman">Abu al-Hasan ben Uthman</a> - <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_XI_de_Castille" class="mw-redirect" title="Alphonse XI de Castille">Alphonse <abbr class="abbr" title="11"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XI</span></abbr> de Castille</a> - <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Dandolo" title="Andrea Dandolo">Andrea Dandolo</a> - <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Ier_de_Naples" title="André Ier de Naples">André <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr> de Naples</a> - <a href="/wiki/Boccace" title="Boccace">Boccace</a> - <a href="/wiki/Casimir_III_de_Pologne" class="mw-redirect" title="Casimir III de Pologne">Casimir <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr> de Pologne</a> - <a href="/wiki/Basarab_Ier_de_Valachie" title="Basarab Ier de Valachie">Basarab <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr> de Valachie</a> - <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Batt%C3%BBta" title="Ibn Battûta">Ibn Battûta</a> - <a href="/wiki/Bogus%C5%82aw_V_de_Pom%C3%A9ranie" title="Bogusław V de Poméranie">Bogusław <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr> de Poméranie</a> - <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Blois" title="Charles de Blois">Charles de Blois</a> - <a href="/wiki/Charles_IV_du_Saint-Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles IV du Saint-Empire">Charles <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr> du Saint-Empire</a> - <a href="/wiki/David_II_d%27%C3%89cosse" class="mw-redirect" title="David II d'Écosse">David <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr> d'Écosse</a> - <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_III_d%27Angleterre" class="mw-redirect" title="Édouard III d'Angleterre">Édouard <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr> d'Angleterre</a> - <a href="/wiki/Gautier_VI_de_Brienne" title="Gautier VI de Brienne">Gautier <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr> de Brienne</a> - <a href="/wiki/Gajah_Mada" title="Gajah Mada">Gajah Mada</a> - <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_de_France_(1292-1358)" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabelle de France (1292-1358)">Isabelle de France</a> - <a href="/wiki/In%C3%A9s_de_Castro" title="Inés de Castro">Inés de Castro</a> - <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Alexandre_de_Bulgarie" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Alexandre de Bulgarie">Ivan Alexandre de Bulgarie</a> - <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Van_Artevelde" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Van Artevelde">Jacob Van Artevelde</a> - <a href="/wiki/Jean_Ier_de_Boh%C3%AAme" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Ier de Bohême">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr> de Luxembourg</a> - <a href="/wiki/Jean_IV_de_Bretagne" title="Jean IV de Bretagne">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr> de Bretagne</a> - <a href="/wiki/Jean_V_Pal%C3%A9ologue" title="Jean V Paléologue">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr> Paléologue</a> - <a href="/wiki/Jean_VI_Cantacuz%C3%A8ne" title="Jean VI Cantacuzène">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr> Cantacuzène</a> - <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Ire_de_Naples" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeanne Ire de Naples">Jeanne <abbr class="abbr" title="première"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>re</sup></abbr> de Naples</a> - <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_de_Penthi%C3%A8vre" title="Jeanne de Penthièvre">Jeanne de Penthièvre</a> - <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ier_de_Hongrie" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Ier de Hongrie">Louis <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr> de Hongrie</a> - <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ier_de_Mantoue" title="Louis Ier de Mantoue">Louis <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr> de Mantoue</a> - <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Tarente" title="Louis de Tarente">Louis de Tarente</a> - <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV_du_Saint-Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis IV du Saint-Empire">Louis <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr> du Saint-Empire</a> - <a href="/wiki/Magnus_IV_de_Su%C3%A8de" title="Magnus IV de Suède">Magnus <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr> de Suède</a> - <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_bin-Tughl%C3%BBq" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad bin-Tughlûq">Muhammad bin-Tughlûq</a> - <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_d%27Ockham" title="Guillaume d'Ockham">Guillaume d'Ockham</a> - <a href="/wiki/Olgierd" title="Olgierd">Olgierd</a> - <a href="/wiki/Orhan" title="Orhan">Orhan</a> - <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9trarque" title="Pétrarque">Pétrarque</a> - <a href="/wiki/Pierre_IV_d%27Aragon" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre IV d'Aragon">Pierre <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr> d'Aragon</a> - <a href="/wiki/Philippe_VI_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippe VI de France">Philippe <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr> de France</a> - <a href="/wiki/Sa%C3%AFd_de_Mogadiscio" title="Saïd de Mogadiscio">Saïd de Mogadiscio</a> - <a href="/wiki/Sa%C3%AFfa-Arad" title="Saïfa-Arad">Saïfa-Arad</a> - <a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%A9on_Ier_de_Russie" class="mw-redirect" title="Siméon Ier de Russie">Siméon <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr> de Russie</a> - <a href="/wiki/Simone_Boccanegra" title="Simone Boccanegra">Simone Boccanegra</a> - <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Uro%C5%A1_IV_Du%C5%A1an" title="Stefan Uroš IV Dušan">Stefan Uroš <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr> Dušan</a> - <a href="/wiki/Takauji_Ashikaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Takauji Ashikaga">Takauji Ashikaga</a> - <a href="/wiki/Valdemar_IV_de_Danemark" class="mw-redirect" title="Valdemar IV de Danemark">Valdemar <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr> de Danemark</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chronologies_thématiques"><span id="Chronologies_th.C3.A9matiques"></span>Chronologies thématiques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Chronologies thématiques" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Chronologies thématiques"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Articles détaillés : <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9cennie_1340_en_architecture" title="Décennie 1340 en architecture">Décennie 1340 en architecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9cennie_1340_en_arts_plastiques" title="Décennie 1340 en arts plastiques">Décennie 1340 en arts plastiques</a> et <a href="/wiki/Chronologie_des_faits_%C3%A9conomiques_et_sociaux_dans_les_ann%C3%A9es_1340" title="Chronologie des faits économiques et sociaux dans les années 1340">Chronologie des faits économiques et sociaux dans les années 1340</a>.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann%C3%A9es_1340&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Siary"><span class="ouvrage" id="Gérard_Siary">Gérard Siary, <cite class="italique">Histoire du Japon : Des origines à nos jours</cite>, Tallandier <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9791021033320" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9791021033320"><span class="nowrap">9791021033320</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=FNXeDwAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT132">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+du+Japon+%3A+Des+origines+%C3%A0+nos+jours&rft.pub=Tallandier&rft.aulast=Siary&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A9rard&rft.isbn=9791021033320&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Coedès,_Walter_F._Vella,_Susan_B._Cowing1968"><span class="ouvrage" id="George_Coedès,_Walter_F._Vella,_Susan_B._Cowing1968"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> George Coedès, Walter F. Vella, Susan B. Cowing, <cite class="italique" lang="en">The Indianized states of Southeast Asia</cite>, University of Hawaii Press, <time>1968</time>, 403 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-8248-0368-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-8248-0368-1"><span class="nowrap">978-0-8248-0368-1</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780824803681" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780824803681"><span class="nowrap">9780824803681</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=iDyJBFTdiwoC&pg=PA224">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Indianized+states+of+Southeast+Asia&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.au=George+Coed%C3%A8s%2C+Walter+F.+Vella%2C+Susan+B.+Cowing&rft.date=1968&rft.tpages=403&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-0368-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Eaton1996"><span class="ouvrage" id="Richard_M._Eaton1996">Richard M. Eaton, <cite class="italique">The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760</cite>, University of California Press, <time>1996</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780520205079" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780520205079"><span class="nowrap">9780520205079</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=gKhChF3yAOUC&pg=PA40">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+Islam+and+the+Bengal+Frontier%2C+1204-1760&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=Richard+M.&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780520205079&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Keene2019"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bryan_C._Keene2019">Bryan C. Keene, <cite class="italique">Toward a Global Middle Ages : Encountering the World through Illuminated Manuscripts</cite>, Getty Publications, <time>2019</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9781606065983" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9781606065983"><span class="nowrap">9781606065983</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=j_qdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA95">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Toward+a+Global+Middle+Ages+%3A+Encountering+the+World+through+Illuminated+Manuscripts&rft.pub=Getty+Publications&rft.aulast=Keene&rft.aufirst=Bryan+C.&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9781606065983&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grewal-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Grewal_5-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Grewal_5-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Grewal,_P._J._Marshall,_Sugata_Bose,_C._A._Bayly,_M._N._Pearson,_Stewart_Gordon,_B._R._Tomlinson,_Geraldine_Forbes,_Burton_Stein,_Catherine_B._Asher,_John_F._Richards,_George_Michell,_Milo_Cleveland_Beach,_Paul_R._Brass,_Thomas_R._Metcalf"><span class="ouvrage" id="J._S._Grewal,_P._J._Marshall,_Sugata_Bose,_C._A._Bayly,_M._N._Pearson,_Stewart_Gordon,_B._R._Tomlinson,_Geraldine_Forbes,_Burton_Stein,_Catherine_B._Asher,_John_F._Richards,_George_Michell,_Milo_Cleveland_Beach,_Paul_R._Brass,_Thomas_R._Metcalf">J. S. Grewal, P. J. Marshall, Sugata Bose, C. A. Bayly, M. N. Pearson, Stewart Gordon, B. R. Tomlinson, Geraldine Forbes, Burton Stein, Catherine B. Asher, John F. Richards, George Michell, Milo Cleveland Beach, Paul R. Brass, Thomas R. Metcalf, <cite class="italique">The new Cambridge history of India</cite>, Cambridge University Press <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-521-25484-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-521-25484-7"><span class="nowrap">978-0-521-25484-7</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=cGd2huLXEVYC&pg=PA42">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+new+Cambridge+history+of+India&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.aulast=Grewal%2C+P.+J.+Marshall%2C+Sugata+Bose%2C+C.+A.+Bayly%2C+M.+N.+Pearson%2C+Stewart+Gordon%2C+B.+R.+Tomlinson%2C+Geraldine+Forbes%2C+Burton+Stein%2C+Catherine+B.+Asher%2C+John+F.+Richards%2C+George+Michell%2C+Milo+Cleveland+Beach%2C+Paul+R.+Brass%2C+Thomas+R.+Metcalf&rft.aufirst=J.+S.&rft.isbn=978-0-521-25484-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Minois-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Minois_6-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Minois_6-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Minois2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Georges_Minois2016">Georges Minois, <cite class="italique">La guerre de Cent ans</cite>, Place des éditeurs, <time>2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782262066482" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782262066482"><span class="nowrap">9782262066482</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=3YipCwAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT562">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+guerre+de+Cent+ans&rft.pub=Place+des+%C3%A9diteurs&rft.aulast=Minois&rft.aufirst=Georges&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9782262066482&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Vasilevich_Trubetskoĭ1860"><span class="ouvrage" id="Aleksandr_Vasilevich_Trubetskoĭ1860">Aleksandr Vasilevich Trubetskoĭ, <cite class="italique">La Russie Rouge</cite>, E. Dentu, <time>1860</time>, 403 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-8248-0368-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-8248-0368-1"><span class="nowrap">978-0-8248-0368-1</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780824803681" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780824803681"><span class="nowrap">9780824803681</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=z0AOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA162">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Russie+Rouge&rft.pub=E.+Dentu&rft.au=Aleksandr+Vasilevich+Trubetsko%C4%AD&rft.date=1860&rft.tpages=403&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-0368-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Laiou,_Cécile_Morrisson2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Angeliki_Laiou,_Cécile_Morrisson2015">Angeliki Laiou, Cécile Morrisson, <cite class="italique">Le monde byzantin - L'empire grec et ses voisins (<abbr class="abbr" title="13ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> – <abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle)</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 3, Presses universitaires de France, <time>2015</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782130737384" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782130737384"><span class="nowrap">9782130737384</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=j0lfCwAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT270">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+monde+byzantin+-+L%27empire+grec+et+ses+voisins+%28XIIIe%E2%80%89%E2%80%93%E2%80%89XVe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle%29&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+France&rft.au=Angeliki+Laiou%2C+C%C3%A9cile+Morrisson&rft.date=2015&rft.volume=3&rft.isbn=9782130737384&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bréhier2014"><span class="ouvrage" id="Louis_Bréhier2014">Louis Bréhier, <cite class="italique">Le Monde byzantin - Les institutions de l'Empire byzantin</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 2, Albin Michel, <time>2014</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782226295767" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782226295767"><span class="nowrap">9782226295767</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=Mcs7AwAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT187">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Monde+byzantin+-+Les+institutions+de+l%27Empire+byzantin&rft.pub=Albin+Michel&rft.aulast=Br%C3%A9hier&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.date=2014&rft.volume=2&rft.isbn=9782226295767&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Loenertz_O.P."><span class="ouvrage" id="Raymond-Joseph_Loenertz_O.P.">Raymond-Joseph Loenertz O.P., <cite class="italique">Byzantica et Franco-Graeca</cite>, Ed. di Storia e Letteratura <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=7ePandJIniIC&pg=PA88">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Byzantica+et+Franco-Graeca&rft.pub=Ed.+di+Storia+e+Letteratura&rft.au=Raymond-Joseph+Loenertz+O.P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Clark_Northrup,_Jerry_H._Bentley,_Alfred_E._Eckes,_Jr,_Patrick_Manning,_Kenneth_Pomeranz,_Steven_Topik2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Cynthia_Clark_Northrup,_Jerry_H._Bentley,_Alfred_E._Eckes,_Jr,_Patrick_Manning,_Kenneth_Pomeranz,_Steven_Topik2015">Cynthia Clark Northrup, Jerry H. Bentley, Alfred E. Eckes, Jr, Patrick Manning, Kenneth Pomeranz, Steven Topik, <cite class="italique">Encyclopedia of World Trade - From Ancient Times to the Present</cite>, Routledge, <time>2015</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9781317471523" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9781317471523"><span class="nowrap">9781317471523</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=BXgGCAAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT328">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+World+Trade+-+From+Ancient+Times+to+the+Present&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.au=Cynthia+Clark+Northrup%2C+Jerry+H.+Bentley%2C+Alfred+E.+Eckes%2C+Jr%2C+Patrick+Manning%2C+Kenneth+Pomeranz%2C+Steven+Topik&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781317471523&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Kirschbaum1988"><span class="ouvrage" id="Stanislav_J._Kirschbaum1988">Stanislav J. Kirschbaum, <cite class="italique">Slovaques et Tchèques</cite>, L'Age d'homme, <time>1988</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782825121467" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782825121467"><span class="nowrap">9782825121467</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=ia-pZsz9t5sC&pg=PA45">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Slovaques+et+Tch%C3%A8ques&rft.pub=L%27Age+d%27homme&rft.aulast=Kirschbaum&rft.aufirst=Stanislav+J.&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=9782825121467&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Joannin,_Jean-Dominique_Giuliani2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pascale_Joannin,_Jean-Dominique_Giuliani2021">Pascale Joannin, Jean-Dominique Giuliani, <cite class="italique">Atlas permanent de l'Union européenne : 5e édition revue et augmentée</cite>, Éditions Marie B, <time>2021</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9791093576886" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9791093576886"><span class="nowrap">9791093576886</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=AAwjEAAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT356">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Atlas+permanent+de+l%27Union+europ%C3%A9enne+%3A+5e+%C3%A9dition+revue+et+augment%C3%A9e&rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+Marie+B&rft.au=Pascale+Joannin%2C+Jean-Dominique+Giuliani&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9791093576886&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Photios_Tapinos,_Didier_Blanchet,_D._Horlacher1991"><span class="ouvrage" id="Georges_Photios_Tapinos,_Didier_Blanchet,_D._Horlacher1991">Georges Photios Tapinos, Didier Blanchet, D. Horlacher, <cite class="italique">Conséquences de la croissance démographique rapide dans les pays en développement : actes du groupe d'experts de l'Institut national d'études démographiques et de la Division de la population des Nations Unies (New York, août 1988)</cite>, INED, <time>1991</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782733240052" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782733240052"><span class="nowrap">9782733240052</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=Vmk8d1Ls0nQC&pg=PA34">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cons%C3%A9quences+de+la+croissance+d%C3%A9mographique+rapide+dans+les+pays+en+d%C3%A9veloppement+%3A+actes+du+groupe+d%27experts+de+l%27Institut+national+d%27%C3%A9tudes+d%C3%A9mographiques+et+de+la+Division+de+la+population+des+Nations+Unies+%28New+York%2C+ao%C3%BBt+1988%29&rft.pub=INED&rft.au=Georges+Photios+Tapinos%2C+Didier+Blanchet%2C+D.+Horlacher&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9782733240052&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Martin2020"><span class="ouvrage" id="Philippe_Martin2020">Philippe Martin, <cite class="italique">Les religions face aux épidémies - De la Peste à la Covid-19</cite>, Éditions du Cerf, <time>2020</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782204142007" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782204142007"><span class="nowrap">9782204142007</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=Dkn8DwAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT68">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+religions+face+aux+%C3%A9pid%C3%A9mies+-+De+la+Peste+%C3%A0+la+Covid-19&rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+du+Cerf&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9782204142007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Engel,_András_Kubinyi,_Gyula_Kristó2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pál_Engel,_András_Kubinyi,_Gyula_Kristó2015">Pál Engel, András Kubinyi, Gyula Kristó, <cite class="italique">Histoire de la Hongrie médiévale - Des Angevins aux Habsbourgs</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 2, Presses universitaires de Rennes, <time>2015</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782753531109" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782753531109"><span class="nowrap">9782753531109</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=tToUCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA59">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+de+la+Hongrie+m%C3%A9di%C3%A9vale+-+Des+Angevins+aux+Habsbourgs&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+Rennes&rft.au=P%C3%A1l+Engel%2C+Andr%C3%A1s+Kubinyi%2C+Gyula+Krist%C3%B3&rft.date=2015&rft.volume=2&rft.isbn=9782753531109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bataković,_Milan_St_Protić,_Ljubomir_Mihailović,_Nikola_Samardžić,_Aleksandar_Fotić,_Đorđe_R._Maksimović2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Dušan_T_Bataković,_Milan_St_Protić,_Ljubomir_Mihailović,_Nikola_Samardžić,_Aleksandar_Fotić,_Đorđe_R._Maksimović2005">Dušan T Bataković, Milan St Protić, Ljubomir Mihailović, Nikola Samardžić, Aleksandar Fotić, Đorđe R. Maksimović, <cite class="italique">Histoire du peuple serbe</cite>, L'Age d'homme, <time>2005</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-8251-1958-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-8251-1958-7"><span class="nowrap">978-2-8251-1958-7</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=a0jA_LdH6nsC&pg=PAPP52">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+du+peuple+serbe&rft.pub=L%27Age+d%27homme&rft.aulast=Batakovi%C4%87%2C+Milan+St+Proti%C4%87%2C+Ljubomir+Mihailovi%C4%87%2C+Nikola+Samard%C5%BEi%C4%87%2C+Aleksandar+Foti%C4%87%2C+%C4%90or%C4%91e+R.+Maksimovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Du%C5%A1an+T&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-2-8251-1958-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Castellan"><span class="ouvrage" id="Georges_Castellan">Georges Castellan, <cite class="italique">Histoire de la Roumanie</cite>, Presses universitaires de France <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782130671732" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782130671732"><span class="nowrap">9782130671732</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=gDFYDwAAQBAJ&pg=PAPT13">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+de+la+Roumanie&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+France&rft.aulast=Castellan&rft.aufirst=Georges&rft.isbn=9782130671732&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAnn%C3%A9es+1340"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Histoire" title="Portail de l’histoire"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/27px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/40px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/53px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Histoire" title="Portail:Histoire">Portail de l’histoire</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Moyen_%C3%82ge_tardif" title="Portail du Moyen Âge tardif"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg/40px-John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg/60px-John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="445" data-file-height="489" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Moyen_%C3%82ge_tardif" title="Portail:Moyen Âge tardif">Portail du Moyen Âge tardif</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Années 1340</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>83 langues</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Ajouter un sujet</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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