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Akner monastery - Wikipedia

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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Akner_monastery&amp;params=37.4509_N_35.4618_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°27′03″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°27′42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.4509°N 35.4618°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">37.4509; 35.4618</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #FFCF00">Akner monastery<br />Ակներ վանք</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #FFCF00">Religion</th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Affiliation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian Apostolic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Region,_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Region, Turkey">Mediterranean Region</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_polity" title="Ecclesiastical polity">Ecclesiastical or organizational status</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Damaged in 1896</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Ceased functioning as a monastery in 1896</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #FFCF00">Location</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adana_province&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Adana province (page does not exist)">Adana province</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data">Turkey</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:290px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:290px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:290px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Akner monastery is located in Turkey"><img alt="Akner monastery is located in Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Turkey_adm_location_map.svg/290px-Turkey_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Turkey_adm_location_map.svg/435px-Turkey_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Turkey_adm_location_map.svg/580px-Turkey_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1578" data-file-height="721" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:72.13%;left:51.336%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Akner monastery"><img alt="Akner monastery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Set01-church1.svg/16px-Set01-church1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Set01-church1.svg/24px-Set01-church1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Set01-church1.svg/32px-Set01-church1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="32" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Shown within Turkey</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Geographic coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Akner_monastery&amp;params=37.4509_N_35.4618_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°27′03″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°27′42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.4509°N 35.4618°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">37.4509; 35.4618</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #FFCF00">Architecture</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Armenian church</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Architectural_style" title="Architectural style">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Armenian_architecture" title="Armenian architecture">Armenian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data note">1203 A.D.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Akner monastery</b> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy"><b>Ակներ վանք</b></span>, Akner vank') is a destroyed Armenian monastery near the Eğner village of <a href="/wiki/Adana_Province" title="Adana Province">Adana province</a> of modern <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akner_monastery&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The monastery was known by different names: </p> <ol><li>Akner (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Ակներ</span>) (or Aknaghbyur) both in <a href="/wiki/Western_Armenian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Armenian language">Old Armenian Language</a> mean "<i>brooks</i>". The monastery was built up in the place full of flowing streams near <i>Akner</i> village <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> that geographically correspond to <i>Eğner</i> village at the present time.</li> <li>Akants Anapat (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Ականց Անապատ</span>) in <a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian language</a> means <i>the temple at the streams</i>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_exterior">The exterior</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akner_monastery&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: The exterior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Akner monastery was built not far from <a href="/wiki/Cilician_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cilician Armenia">Cilician Armenia</a>'s Bardzraberd stronghold at the border of two districts:<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsakhut&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsakhut (page does not exist)">Tsakhut</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Ցախուտ</span>) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bardzraberd&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bardzraberd (page does not exist)">Bardzraberd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Բարձրաբերդ</span>) for <b>higher fortress</b>) near the Akner (or Aknaghbyur) village at the middle course of <a href="/wiki/Seyhan_River" title="Seyhan River">Seyhan River</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Սարան գետ</span>) for <b>Mountainous river</b>) in the hilly place full of brooks. <br />Akner monastery consisted of three churches: </p> <ol><li>St. Astvadzatzin (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Սբ. Աստվածածին</span>) meaning Saint Mother of God.</li> <li>St. Hakob (or St. Nshan) (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Սբ. Հակոբ (or Սբ. Նշան)</span>) meaning Saint Jack (or Saint Sign).</li> <li>St. Arakelots (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Սբ. Առաքելոց</span>) meaning Saint Apostles.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akner_monastery&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Akner was one of the most significant monasteries of <a href="/wiki/Cilician_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cilician Armenia">Cilician Armenia</a>. It was built by the king <a href="/wiki/Levon_II_of_Armenia_(King)" class="mw-redirect" title="Levon II of Armenia (King)">Levon II</a> in 1198–1203 AD and was anointed by the Catholicos of <a href="/wiki/Cilician_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cilician Armenia">Cilician Armenia</a> <a href="/wiki/Grigor_VI_Apirat" class="mw-redirect" title="Grigor VI Apirat">Gregory Apirat</a>. Akner's foundation coincided with <a href="/wiki/Cilician_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cilician Armenia">Cilician Armenia</a>'s golden age; that is why it was also functioning as the place of <i>council of war</i> and <i>ecclesiastical council</i>. We have eulogizing notes left from Armenian historians (listed below) about Akner monastery:<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Anetsi" title="Samuel Anetsi">Samuel Anetsi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Սամուել Անեցի</span>) (12th century)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirakos_Gandzaketsi" title="Kirakos Gandzaketsi">Kirakos Gandzaketsi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Կիրակոս Գանձակեցի</span>) (13th century)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vahram_Rabuni&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vahram Rabuni (page does not exist)">Vahram Rabuni</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Վահրամ Րաբունի</span>) (13th century)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hetum_Historian&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hetum Historian (page does not exist)">Hetum Historian</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Հեթում Պատմիչ</span>, Hetum Patmich) (14th century)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Baghishetsi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="David Baghishetsi (page does not exist)">David Baghishetsi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Դավիթ Բաղիշեցի</span>) (17th century)</li></ul> <p><br />Akner monastery played a big role in <a href="/wiki/Cilician_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cilician Armenia">Cilician Armenia</a>'s enlightening, cultural and spiritual life. Besides the monastic functions it has: </p> <ol><li>High level of creating manuscripts and handwritten books.</li> <li>Medieval school and university.</li> <li>Matenadaran (storage of medieval Armenian books, manuscripts) and picture gallery.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>House of Armenian church musics.</li></ol> <p>In the short period Akner became famous of its high-level manuscriptal and drawing craft. Akner was highly associated with many other <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Armenia_(Middle_Ages)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Armenia (Middle Ages)">medieval Armenia</a>'s monasteries. Manuscripts of Petros, David, Barsegh, Ghazar, Vardan, Nerses, Serovbe (son of Nerses) and some other monks told about unsurpassed skill of hand-writing and graphical works in Akner monastery. Since the early 13th century. <b>Akner's religious house</b> existed in the monastery.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 1273 A.D. Grigor Aknertsi became a leader of Akner's order. He has written "The history of Nestorians" (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Պատմութիւն վասն ազգին նետողաց</span>) book referring to Mikayel Asori's works. The 13th century was a period of growth and Akner's religious house collaborating with another <a href="/wiki/Cilician_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cilician Armenia">Cilician Armenia</a>'s abbeys like Grner and Bardzraberd monasteries created a graphic's school famed in all medieval world.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <br /> In Akner monastery studied many enlightened personalities like Poghos (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Պողոս</span>), Grigor (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Գրիգոր</span>), Karapet (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Կարապետ</span>), Hovhannes (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Հովհաննես</span>), Ruben (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Ըռուբեն</span>), Barsegh (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Բարսեղ</span>) monks and many others. Akner's religious house has a spirited participation in <a href="/wiki/Cilician_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cilician Armenia">Cilician Armenia</a>'s different scopes of activity. Armenian Catholicos Grigor Anavarzatsi 7th (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Գրիգոր Է Անավարզեցի</span>) it the letter to the king <a href="/wiki/Levon_II_of_Armenia_(King)" class="mw-redirect" title="Levon II of Armenia (King)">Levon II</a> in 1306 A.D. says "Akner's religious house consists of very decent, exemplary, clever people".<br /> It the year 1307th at the great ecclesiastica assembly in the capital <a href="/wiki/Sis_(Armenian_Kingdom_of_Cilicia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sis (Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia)">Sis</a> Akner's religious house, headed by Vardan archimandrite and Sargis abbot, has also taken party. King <a href="/wiki/Hetum_I_of_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetum I of Armenia">Hetum 1st</a> after his retirement in 1270 has a solitary life inside Akner monastery. In Akner monastery was buried the heart of the king <a href="/wiki/Levon_II_of_Armenia_(King)" class="mw-redirect" title="Levon II of Armenia (King)">Levon II</a>, Paghtin Marajakht, many princes, abbots and monks. Approximately in 1375 the monastery was damaged by <a href="/wiki/Mameluks" class="mw-redirect" title="Mameluks">Mameluks</a>. But many years later it was reconstructed and in the 18th century, Akner was a functioning Armenian monastery <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adana_province&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Adana province (page does not exist)">Adana province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman empire">Ottoman empire</a>. At the <a href="/wiki/Hamidian_massacres" title="Hamidian massacres">Hamidian massacres</a> in 1896 the monastery was heavily ruined.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manuscripts_from_Akner_in_a_good_state_of_preservation">Manuscripts from Akner in a good state of preservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akner_monastery&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Manuscripts from Akner in a good state of preservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Matenadaran" title="Matenadaran">Matenadaran</a> Institute contains numerous manuscripts and books written in Akner since 1215 to 1342 A.D. There are a long list of works from Akner like chronicles, Bibles, reproductions of works of <a href="/wiki/Mesrop_Mashtots" title="Mesrop Mashtots">Mesrop Mashtots</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grigor_Narekatsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Grigor Narekatsi">Grigor Narekatsi</a>, Sharakans (collections of Armenian hymns), reproductions of works of <a href="/wiki/Agatangeghos" class="mw-redirect" title="Agatangeghos">Agatangeghos</a>' "History of Armenia". About 30 manuscripts telling about different events and historical personalities. The painting school of Akner's religious house was exercising a new technique of paintings and iconography with the uniformity of human bodies and realistic images so characteristic of them. They using a distinctive technology of painting finding unique solutions. Best example of their style contains the book "The Bible of the queen Keran" (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Կեռան թագուհու Ավետարանը</span>) written in 1272 dedicated to another famous book written earlier in Akner "The monastery called as Akner" (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Ի վանս, որ կոչի Ակներ</span>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akner_monastery&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Ethnology" (volume 2) by M. Ormanyan, Cyprus 1914</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Sisuan" by Ghevond Alishan, Venice 1885</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Akants or Akner abbey" by N. Akinyan (in <a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a> «Ականց կամ Ակների վանքը»), article 5 at "medeaval book's researches", Vienna 1953</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Cilicia's Monasteries" by H. Voskyan, Vienna 1957</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kirakos Gandzaketsi's "History of Armenia", Yerevan 1982</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Cilicia's Monasteries" by H. Voskyan, Vienna 1957</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Christian Armenia" Encyclopaedia, Yerevan 2002, p.29-30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Cilician Miniature 12th and 13th Centuries" (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Կիլիկյան մանրանկարչությունը XII–XIII դդ</span>)by L. Azaryan, Jerusalem 1964, pages 76–88</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Christian Armenia" Encyclopaedia, Yerevan 2002, p30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Wrighting school or Akner" by S. Melik-Bakhshyan, Yerevan 1968, chapter 8</span> </li> </ol></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7fdb48975d‐ps7s7 Cached time: 20241210223049 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.313 seconds Real time usage: 0.418 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1912/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 28190/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6661/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 8895/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.204/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 12872247/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 384.668 1 -total 56.82% 218.573 1 Template:Infobox_religious_building 53.34% 205.192 1 Template:Infobox 37.67% 144.913 25 Template:Langx 10.71% 41.185 1 Template:Coord 8.83% 33.979 1 Template:Location_map 4.90% 18.841 1 Template:Flagicon 3.86% 14.853 1 Template:Reflist 3.45% 13.290 11 Template:If_empty 2.37% 9.108 1 Template:Br_separated_entries --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:30558697:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241210223049 and revision id 1262344128. 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