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2 Kings 24:2 And the LORD sent Chaldean, Aramean, Moabite, and Ammonite raiders against Jehoiakim in order to destroy Judah, according to the word that the LORD had spoken through His servants the prophets.

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(Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/2_kings/24.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />The LORD sent Babylonian, Aramean, Moabite and Ammonite raiders against him to destroy Judah, in accordance with the word of the LORD proclaimed by his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/2_kings/24.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Then the LORD sent bands of Babylonian, Aramean, Moabite, and Ammonite raiders against Judah to destroy it, just as the LORD had promised through his prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/2_kings/24.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />And the LORD sent against him bands of the Chaldeans and bands of the Syrians and bands of the Moabites and bands of the Ammonites, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD that he spoke by his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/2_kings/24.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />And the LORD sent Chaldean, Aramean, Moabite, and Ammonite raiders against Jehoiakim in order to destroy Judah, according to the word that the LORD had spoken through His servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/2_kings/24.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And the LORD sent against him bands of the Chaldees, and bands of the Syrians, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD, which he spake by his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/2_kings/24.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />And the LORD sent against him <i>raiding</i> bands of Chaldeans, bands of Syrians, bands of Moabites, and bands of the people of Ammon; He sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD which He had spoken by His servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/2_kings/24.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />And the LORD sent against him bands of Chaldeans, bands of Arameans, bands of Moabites, and bands of Ammonites. He sent them against Judah to destroy it, in accordance with the word of the LORD which He had spoken through His servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/2_kings/24.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />The LORD sent against him bands of Chaldeans, bands of Arameans, bands of Moabites, and bands of Ammonites. So He sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD which He had spoken through His servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/2_kings/24.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />And the LORD sent against him bands of Chaldeans, bands of Arameans, bands of Moabites, and bands of Ammonites. So He sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD, which He had spoken through His servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/2_kings/24.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />And Yahweh sent against him marauding bands of Chaldeans, marauding bands of Arameans, marauding bands of Moabites, and marauding bands of Ammonites. So He sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of Yahweh which He had spoken by the hand of His slaves the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/2_kings/24.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />The LORD sent marauding bands of Chaldeans, Arameans (Syrians), Moabites, and Ammonites against Jehoiakim. And He sent them against Judah to destroy it, in accordance with the word of the LORD which He spoke through His servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/2_kings/24.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />The LORD sent Chaldean, Aramean, Moabite, and Ammonite raiders against Jehoiakim. He sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD he had spoken through his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/2_kings/24.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />The LORD sent Chaldean, Aramean, Moabite, and Ammonite raiders against Jehoiakim. He sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD He had spoken through His servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/2_kings/24.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And Jehovah sent against him bands of the Chaldeans, and bands of the Syrians, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of Jehovah, which he spake by his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/2_kings/24.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />At that time, the LORD started sending troops to rob and destroy towns in Judah. Some of these troops were from Babylonia, and others were from Syria, Moab, and Ammon. The LORD had sent his servants the prophets to warn Judah about this, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/2_kings/24.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And the LORD sent against him bands of the Chaldeans, and bands of the Syrians, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD, which he spake by the hand of his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/2_kings/24.htm">GOD'S WORD&reg; Translation</a></span><br />The LORD sent raiding parties of Babylonians, Arameans, Moabites, and Ammonites against Jehoiakim to destroy Judah as the LORD had predicted through his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/2_kings/24.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />The LORD sent armed bands of Babylonians, Syrians, Moabites, and Ammonites against Jehoiakim to destroy Judah, as the LORD had said through his servants the prophets that he would do. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/2_kings/24.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />The LORD sent raiding parties from the Chaldeans, Arameans, Moabites, and Ammonites against Jehoiakim. He sent them against Judah to destroy it, in keeping with the message from the LORD that he had spoken through his servants, the prophets. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/2_kings/24.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />And the LORD sent Chaldean, Aramean, Moabite, and Ammonite raiders against Jehoiakim in order to destroy Judah, according to the word that the LORD had spoken through His servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/2_kings/24.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />The LORD sent against him Babylonian, Syrian, Moabite, and Ammonite raiding bands; he sent them to destroy Judah, as he had warned he would do through his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/2_kings/24.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />The LORD sent against him bands of the Chaldeans, and bands of the Arameans, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the people of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD, which he spoke by his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/2_kings/24.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And the LORD sent against him bands of the Chaldees, and bands of the Syrians, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD, which he spoke by his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/2_kings/24.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Yahweh sent against him bands of the Chaldeans, bands of the Syrians, bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to Yahweh&#8217;s word which he spoke by his servants the prophets. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/2_kings/24.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />and YHWH sends against him the troops of the Chaldeans, and the troops of Aram, and the troops of Moab, and the troops of the sons of Ammon, and He sends them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of YHWH that He spoke by the hand of His servants the prophets;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/2_kings/24.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> and Jehovah sendeth against him the troops of the Chaldeans, and the troops of Aram, and the troops of Moab, and the troops of the sons of Ammon, and He sendeth them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of Jehovah, that He spake by the hand of His servants the prophets;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/2_kings/24.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And Jehovah will send against him troops of Chaldeans and troops of Aram, and troops of Moab, and troops of the sons of Ammon, and he will send them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of Jehovah which he spake by the hand of his servants the prophets.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/2_kings/24.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And the Lord sent against him the rovers of the Chaldees, and the rovers of Syria, and the rovers of Moab, and the rovers of the children of Ammon: and he sent them against Juda, to destroy it, according to the word of the Lord, which he had spoken by his servants the prophets. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/2_kings/24.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />And the Lord sent to him the robbers of the Chaldeans, and the robbers of Syria, and the robbers of Moab, and the robbers of the sons of Ammon. And he sent them into Judah, so that they might destroy it, in accord with the word of the Lord, which he had spoken through his servants, the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/2_kings/24.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />The LORD loosed against him bands of Chaldeans, Arameans, Moabites, and Ammonites; he unleashed them against Judah to destroy him, according to the LORD&#8217;s word spoken through his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/2_kings/24.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />The LORD sent against him bands of the Chaldeans, bands of the Arameans, bands of the Moabites, and bands of the Ammonites; he sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD that he spoke by his servants the prophets.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/2_kings/24.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And the LORD stirred up against him bands of the Chaldeans and bands of Edomites and bands of Moabites and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD which he spoke by his servants the prophets from the mouth of the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/2_kings/24.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And LORD JEHOVAH provoked bands of robbers of the Chaldeans against him, and robbers of Edom, and robbers of Moab, and robbers of the children of Amon, and he provoked them against Yehuda to destroy them, according to the word of LORD JEHOVAH that he spoke by the agency of his Servants the Prophets from the mouth of LORD JEHOVAH.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/2_kings/24.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And the LORD sent against him bands of the Chaldeans, and bands of the Arameans, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD, which He spoke by the hand of His servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/2_kings/24.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And the lord sent against him the bands of the Chaldeans, and the bands of Syria, and the bans of Moab, and the bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them into the land of Juda to prevail <i>against it</i>, according to the word of the Lord, which he spoke by his servants the prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/2_kings/24-2.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/FiLs3w_mMFQ?start=8385" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/2_kings/24.htm">Babylon Controls Jehoiakim</a></span><br><span class="reftext">1</span>During Jehoiakim&#8217;s reign, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon invaded. So Jehoiakim became his vassal for three years, until he turned and rebelled against Nebuchadnezzar. <span class="reftext">2</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah&#183;weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">And the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/7971.htm" title="7971: way&#183;&#353;al&#183;la&#7717; (Conj-w:: V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To send. A primitive root; to send away, for, or out.">sent</a> <a href="/hebrew/3778.htm" title="3778: &#7733;a&#347;&#183;d&#238;m (N-proper-mp) -- A region of S. Bab. and its inhab. (occasionally with enclitic) Kasdiymah; towards the Kasdites.">Chaldean,</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: w&#601;&#183;&#8217;e&#7791;- (Conj-w:: DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1416.htm" title="1416: g&#601;&#183;&#7695;&#363;&#183;&#7695;&#234; (N-mpc) -- A band, troop. From gadad; a crowd."></a> <a href="/hebrew/758.htm" title="758: &#8217;a&#774;&#183;r&#257;m (N-proper-fs) -- Syria and its inhab., also the names of a son of Shem, a grandson of Nahor, and an Isr. ">Aramean,</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: w&#601;&#183;&#8217;&#234;&#7791; (Conj-w:: DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1416.htm" title="1416: g&#601;&#183;&#7695;&#363;&#183;&#7695;&#234; (N-mpc) -- A band, troop. From gadad; a crowd."></a> <a href="/hebrew/4124.htm" title="4124: m&#333;&#183;w&#183;&#8217;&#257;&#7687; (N-proper-fs) -- A son of Lot, also his desc. and the territory where they settled. ">Moabite,</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: w&#601;&#183;&#8217;&#234;&#7791; (Conj-w:: DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1416.htm" title="1416: g&#601;&#183;&#7695;&#363;&#183;&#7695;&#234; (N-mpc) -- A band, troop. From gadad; a crowd."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: &#7687;&#601;&#183;n&#234;- (N-mpc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">and Ammonite</a> <a href="/hebrew/5983.htm" title="5983: &#8216;am&#183;m&#333;&#183;wn (N-proper-ms) -- A people living E. of the Jordan. From am; tribal, i.e. Inbred; Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1416.htm" title="1416: g&#601;&#183;&#7695;&#363;&#183;&#7695;&#234; (N-mpc) -- A band, troop. From gadad; a crowd.">raiders</a> <a href="/hebrew/b&#333;w (Prep:: 3ms) -- ">against Jehoiakim</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: &#8217;e&#7791;- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/7971.htm" title="7971: way&#183;&#353;al&#183;l&#601;&#183;&#7717;&#234;m (Conj-w:: V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms:: 3mp) -- To send. A primitive root; to send away, for, or out.">in order</a> <a href="/hebrew/6.htm" title="6: l&#601;&#183;ha&#183;&#8217;a&#774;&#183;&#7687;&#238;&#183;&#7695;&#333;w (Prep-l:: V-Hifil-Inf:: 3ms) -- To perish. A primitive root; properly, to wander away, i.e. Lose oneself; by implication to perish.">to destroy</a> <a href="/hebrew/3063.htm" title="3063: b&#238;&#183;h&#363;&#183;&#7695;&#257;h (Prep-b:: N-proper-ms) -- From yadah; celebrated; Jehudah, the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory.">Judah,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1697.htm" title="1697: ki&#7695;&#183;&#7687;ar (Prep-k:: N-msc) -- Speech, word. From dabar; a word; by implication, a matter or thing; adverbially, a cause.">according to the word</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: &#8217;a&#774;&#183;&#353;er (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.">that</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah&#183;weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/1696.htm" title="1696: dib&#183;ber (V-Piel-Perf-3ms) -- To speak. A primitive root; perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively, to speak; rarely to subdue.">had spoken</a> <a href="/hebrew/3027.htm" title="3027: b&#601;&#183;ya&#7695; (Prep-b:: N-fsc) -- Hand (indicating power, means, direction, etc.)">through</a> <a href="/hebrew/5650.htm" title="5650: &#8216;a&#774;&#183;&#7687;&#257;&#183;&#7695;&#257;w (N-mpc:: 3ms) -- Slave, servant. From abad; a servant.">His servants</a> <a href="/hebrew/5030.htm" title="5030: han&#183;n&#601;&#183;&#7687;&#238;&#183;&#8217;&#238;m (Art:: N-mp) -- A spokesman, speaker, prophet. From naba'; a prophet or inspired man.">the prophets.</a> </span><span class="reftext">3</span>Surely this happened to Judah at the LORD&#8217;s command, to remove them from His presence because of the sins of Manasseh and all that he had done,&#8230;<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> &middot; <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/25-9.htm">Jeremiah 25:9</a></span><br />behold, I will summon all the families of the north, declares the LORD, and I will send for My servant Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, whom I will bring against this land, against its residents, and against all the surrounding nations. So I will devote them to destruction and make them an object of horror and contempt, an everlasting desolation.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/35-11.htm">Jeremiah 35:11</a></span><br />So when Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched into the land, we said: &#8216;Come, let us go into Jerusalem to escape the armies of the Chaldeans and the Arameans.&#8217; So we have remained in Jerusalem.&#8221;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/1-15.htm">Jeremiah 1:15</a></span><br />For I am about to summon all the clans and kingdoms of the north,&#8221; declares the LORD. &#8220;Their kings will come and set up their thrones at the entrance of the gates of Jerusalem. They will attack all her surrounding walls and all the other cities of Judah.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/36-17.htm">2 Chronicles 36:17</a></span><br />So He brought up against them the king of the Chaldeans, who put their young men to the sword in the sanctuary, sparing neither young men nor young women, neither elderly nor infirm. God gave them all into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/1-1.htm">Daniel 1:1-2</a></span><br />In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came to Jerusalem and besieged it. / And the Lord delivered into his hand Jehoiakim king of Judah, along with some of the articles from the house of God. He carried these off to the land of Shinar, to the house of his god, where he put them in the treasury of his god.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/4-6.htm">Jeremiah 4:6-7</a></span><br />Raise a signal flag toward Zion. Seek refuge! Do not delay! For I am bringing disaster from the north, and terrible destruction. / A lion has gone up from his thicket, and a destroyer of nations has set out. He has left his lair to lay waste your land. Your cities will be reduced to ruins and lie uninhabited.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/21-7.htm">Jeremiah 21:7</a></span><br />&#8216;After that,&#8217; declares the LORD, &#8216;I will hand over Zedekiah king of Judah, his officers, and the people in this city who survive the plague and sword and famine, to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and to their enemies who seek their lives. He will put them to the sword; he will not spare them or show pity or compassion.&#8217;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/19-8.htm">Ezekiel 19:8-9</a></span><br />Then the nations set out against him from the provinces on every side. They spread their net over him; he was trapped in their pit. / With hooks they caged him and brought him to the king of Babylon. They brought him into captivity so that his roar was heard no longer on the mountains of Israel.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/habakkuk/1-6.htm">Habakkuk 1:6</a></span><br />For behold, I am raising up the Chaldeans&#8212;that ruthless and impetuous nation which marches through the breadth of the earth to seize dwellings not their own.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/32-28.htm">Jeremiah 32:28</a></span><br />Therefore this is what the LORD says: Behold, I am about to deliver this city into the hands of the Chaldeans and of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, who will capture it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/52-3.htm">Jeremiah 52:3-4</a></span><br />For because of the anger of the LORD, all this happened in Jerusalem and Judah, until He finally banished them from His presence. And Zedekiah also rebelled against the king of Babylon. / So in the ninth year of Zedekiah&#8217;s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army. They encamped outside the city and built a siege wall all around it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/17-20.htm">2 Kings 17:20</a></span><br />So the LORD rejected all the descendants of Israel. He afflicted them and delivered them into the hands of plunderers, until He had banished them from His presence.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/23-27.htm">2 Kings 23:27</a></span><br />For the LORD had said, &#8220;I will remove Judah from My sight, just as I removed Israel. I will reject this city Jerusalem, which I chose, and the temple of which I said, &#8216;My Name shall be there.&#8217;&#8221;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/21-14.htm">2 Kings 21:14</a></span><br />So I will forsake the remnant of My inheritance and deliver them into the hands of their enemies. And they will become plunder and spoil to all their enemies,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/25-1.htm">2 Kings 25:1</a></span><br />So in the ninth year of Zedekiah&#8217;s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army. They encamped outside the city and built a siege wall all around it.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And the LORD sent against him bands of the Chaldees, and bands of the Syrians, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD, which he spoke by his servants the prophets.</p><p class="hdg">the Lord.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_kings/6-23.htm">2 Kings 6:23</a></b></br> And he prepared great provision for them: and when they had eaten and drunk, he sent them away, and they went to their master. So the bands of Syria came no more into the land of Israel.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_kings/13-20.htm">2 Kings 13:20,21</a></b></br> And Elisha died, and they buried him. And the bands of the Moabites invaded the land at the coming in of the year&#8230; </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/deuteronomy/28-49.htm">Deuteronomy 28:49,50</a></b></br> The LORD shall bring a nation against thee from far, from the end of the earth, <i>as swift</i> as the eagle flieth; a nation whose tongue thou shalt not understand; &#8230; </p><p class="hdg">according.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_kings/20-17.htm">2 Kings 20:17</a></b></br> Behold, the days come, that all that <i>is</i> in thine house, and that which thy fathers have laid up in store unto this day, shall be carried into Babylon: nothing shall be left, saith the LORD.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_kings/21-12.htm">2 Kings 21:12-14</a></b></br> Therefore thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Behold, I <i>am</i> bringing <i>such</i> evil upon Jerusalem and Judah, that whosoever heareth of it, both his ears shall tingle&#8230; </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_kings/23-27.htm">2 Kings 23:27</a></b></br> And the LORD said, I will remove Judah also out of my sight, as I have removed Israel, and will cast off this city Jerusalem which I have chosen, and the house of which I said, My name shall be there.</p><p class="hdg">his.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/2_kings/17-33.htm">Accordance</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-13.htm">Ammon</a> <a href="/1_kings/14-31.htm">Ammonite</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-7.htm">Ammonites</a> <a href="/2_kings/18-26.htm">Aramean</a> <a href="/2_kings/16-6.htm">Arameans</a> <a href="/joshua/7-21.htm">Babylonian</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-33.htm">Bands</a> <a href="/genesis/15-7.htm">Chaldeans</a> <a href="/genesis/15-7.htm">Chalde'ans</a> <a href="/genesis/15-7.htm">Chaldees</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-13.htm">Children</a> <a href="/2_kings/19-18.htm">Destroy</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-13.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-33.htm">Judah</a> <a href="/2_kings/13-20.htm">Moabite</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-13.htm">Moabites</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-17.htm">Proclaimed</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-2.htm">Prophets</a> <a href="/2_kings/13-21.htm">Raiders</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-30.htm">Servants</a> <a href="/2_kings/16-6.htm">Syrians</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-17.htm">Word</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/1_chronicles/15-15.htm">Accordance</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/18-11.htm">Ammon</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-39.htm">Ammonite</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/18-11.htm">Ammonites</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/7-14.htm">Aramean</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/18-5.htm">Arameans</a> <a href="/2_kings/25-5.htm">Babylonian</a> <a href="/2_kings/25-7.htm">Bands</a> <a href="/2_kings/25-4.htm">Chaldeans</a> <a href="/2_kings/25-5.htm">Chalde'ans</a> <a href="/2_kings/25-4.htm">Chaldees</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/1-43.htm">Children</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/21-15.htm">Destroy</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/4-10.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/2_kings/24-3.htm">Judah</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-46.htm">Moabite</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/8-8.htm">Moabites</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/18-22.htm">Proclaimed</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/16-22.htm">Prophets</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/12-21.htm">Raiders</a> <a href="/2_kings/24-10.htm">Servants</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/18-5.htm">Syrians</a> <a href="/2_kings/24-3.htm">Word</a><div class="vheading2">2 Kings 24</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/24-1.htm">Jehoiakim, first subdued by Nebuchadnezzar, then rebelling against him, </a></span><br><span class="reftext">2. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/24-2.htm">procures his own ruin.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">5. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/24-5.htm">Jehoiachin succeeds him.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">7. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/24-7.htm">The king of Egypt is vanquished by the king of Babylon.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/24-8.htm">Jehoiachin's evil reign.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">10. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/24-10.htm">Jerusalem is taken and carried captive into Babylon.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">17. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/24-17.htm">Zedekiah is made king, and reigns ill, unto the utter destruction of Judah.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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The Chaldeans, also known as Babylonians, were a rising power under Nebuchadnezzar. The Arameans, Moabites, and Ammonites were neighboring nations often in conflict with Israel. This coalition of raiders signifies God's judgment on Judah for its persistent idolatry and disobedience. Historically, these groups were known for their military campaigns and raids, which were common in the ancient Near East. The involvement of these specific nations underscores the comprehensive nature of the threat against Judah.<p><b>in order to destroy Judah</b><br>The destruction of Judah was a fulfillment of divine judgment due to the nation's repeated sins, including idolatry and injustice. This phrase indicates the severity of the consequences of turning away from God. The destruction was not merely a political or military event but a spiritual reckoning. This aligns with the covenantal curses outlined in <a href="/deuteronomy/28.htm">Deuteronomy 28</a>, where disobedience would lead to national calamity.<p><b>according to the word that the LORD had spoken through His servants the prophets</b><br>This phrase emphasizes the fulfillment of prophecy, underscoring the reliability and authority of God's word. Prophets like Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Habakkuk had warned of impending judgment if the people did not repent. The prophetic tradition in Israel served as a means of divine communication, often calling the nation back to covenant faithfulness. This fulfillment of prophecy also points to the sovereignty of God over history, as His plans and purposes are accomplished despite human actions.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_lord.htm">The LORD</a></b><br>The sovereign God of Israel, who orchestrates events according to His divine will and purpose.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/j/jehoiakim.htm">Jehoiakim</a></b><br>The king of Judah during this time, whose reign was marked by disobedience and idolatry.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/c/chaldeans.htm">Chaldeans</a></b><br>A people from southern Babylonia, known for their military prowess and later dominance under Nebuchadnezzar.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/a/arameans,_moabites,_and_ammonites.htm">Arameans, Moabites, and Ammonites</a></b><br>Neighboring nations historically hostile to Israel, used by God as instruments of judgment.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/j/judah.htm">Judah</a></b><br>The southern kingdom of Israel, facing divine judgment due to persistent sin and rebellion against God.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_judgment.htm">God's Sovereignty in Judgment</a></b><br>God is in control of all nations and uses them to fulfill His purposes, even in judgment. This should remind us of His ultimate authority over world events.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_consequences_of_disobedience.htm">The Consequences of Disobedience</a></b><br>Persistent sin and rebellion against God lead to inevitable consequences. We must heed God&#8217;s warnings and live in obedience to His Word.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_prophets.htm">The Role of Prophets</a></b><br>God&#8217;s prophets faithfully delivered His messages, even when they were warnings of judgment. We should value and listen to God&#8217;s Word as delivered through His servants.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_faithfulness_to_his_word.htm">God&#8217;s Faithfulness to His Word</a></b><br>God fulfills His promises, both of blessing and judgment. This should encourage us to trust in His faithfulness and align our lives with His will.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/r/repentance_and_restoration.htm">Repentance and Restoration</a></b><br>While this passage focuses on judgment, it also serves as a call to repentance. God desires restoration and offers forgiveness to those who turn back to Him.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_2_kings_24.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 2 Kings 24</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_do_2_chr_24_and_2_kgs_12_differ.htm">Why does the account of Joash's temple restoration in 2 Chronicles 24 seem to conflict with the version in 2 Kings 12 regarding the funds and methods used?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/which_'lofty_city'_is_in_isaiah_26_5.htm">In Isaiah 26:5, which specific &#8220;lofty city&#8221; is being referenced, and where is the archaeological evidence for its destruction? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_2_kings_24_1_align_with_babylon.htm">How can 2 Kings 24:1 align with Babylonian records if historical timelines appear inconsistent regarding Jehoiakim&#8217;s vassalage? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_do_unguided_armies_win_if_god_grants_victory.htm">Proverbs 21:31: If ultimate victory comes from God rather than human effort, why does history record victories by armies and leaders who seem to have no divine guidance?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/2_kings/24.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(2) <span class= "bld">And the Lord sent against him bands of the Chaldees.</span>--Jehoiakim's revolt was no doubt instigated by Egypt. Whilst Nebuchadnezzar himself was engaged elsewhere in his great empire, predatory bands of Chaldeans, and of the neighbouring peoples the hereditary enemies of Judah, who had submitted to Nebuchadnezzar, and were nothing loth to make reprisals for the power which Josiah had, perhaps, exercised over them, ravaged the Judaean territory (comp. <a href="/context/jeremiah/12-8.htm" title="My heritage is to me as a lion in the forest; it cries out against me: therefore have I hated it.">Jeremiah 12:8-17</a>, concerning Judah's "evil neighbours").<p><span class= "bld">According to the word of the Lord.</span>--Isaiah, Micah, Urijah (<a href="/jeremiah/26-20.htm" title="And there was also a man that prophesied in the name of the LORD, Urijah the son of Shemaiah of Kirjathjearim, who prophesied against this city and against this land according to all the words of Jeremiah.">Jeremiah 26:20</a>), Huldah, Jeremiah, Habakkuk, and doubtless others whose names and writings have not been transmitted, had foretold the fate that was now closing in upon Judah.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/2_kings/24.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 2.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">And the Lord sent against him bands of the Chaldees.</span> That Nebuchadnezzar did not promptly march against Jehoiakim to suppress his rebellion, but contented himself with sending against him a few "bands" (<span class="hebrew">&#x5d2;&#x5b0;&#x5d3;&#x5d5;&#x5bc;&#x5d3;&#x5b5;&#x5d9;</span>) of Chaldeans, and exciting the neighboring Syrians, Ammonites, and Moabites to invade and ravage his territory, can scarcely be otherwise accounted for than by supposing that he was detained in Middle Asia by wars or rebellious nearer home. It may have been a knowledge of these embarrassments that induced Jehoiakim to lend an ear to the persuasions of Nechoh. <span class="cmt_word">And bands of the Syrians, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon</span> (comp. <a href="/ezekiel/19-8.htm">Ezekiel 19:8</a>, "Then the nations set against him on every side from the provinces, and spread their net over him: he was taken in their pit"), <span class="cmt_word">and sent them against Judah to destroy it</span> - <span class="accented">i.e.</span> to begin that waste and ruin which should terminate ultimately in the complete destruction and obliteration of the Judaean kingdom - <span class="cmt_word">according to the word of the Lord, which he spoke by his servants the prophets.</span> As Isaiah, Micah, Habakkuk, Jeremiah, Zephaniah, and Huldah (see <a href="/2_kings/22-16.htm">2 Kings 22:16-20</a>). <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/2_kings/24-2.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">And the LORD</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1497;&#1456;&#1492;&#1493;&#1464;&#1443;&#1492; &#1472;</span> <span class="translit">(Yah&#183;weh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> </span><span class="str2">LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel</span><br /><br /><span class="word">sent</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1493;&#1463;&#1497;&#1456;&#1513;&#1473;&#1463;&#1500;&#1468;&#1463;&#1443;&#1495;</span> <span class="translit">(way&#183;&#353;al&#183;la&#7717;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw &#124; Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7971.htm">Strong's 7971: </a> </span><span class="str2">To send away, for, out</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Chaldean,</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1499;&#1463;&#1513;&#1474;&#1456;&#1491;&#1468;&#1460;&#1497;&#1501;&#1449;</span> <span class="translit">(&#7733;a&#347;&#183;d&#238;m)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3778.htm">Strong's 3778: </a> </span><span class="str2">Chaldeans -- a region of southern Babylon and its inhab</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Aramean,</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1488;&#1458;&#1512;&#1464;&#1436;&#1501;</span> <span class="translit">(&#8217;a&#774;&#183;r&#257;m)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_758.htm">Strong's 758: </a> </span><span class="str2">Aram -- Syria</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Moabite,</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1502;&#1493;&#1465;&#1488;&#1464;&#1431;&#1489;</span> <span class="translit">(m&#333;&#183;w&#183;&#8217;&#257;&#7687;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4124.htm">Strong's 4124: </a> </span><span class="str2">Moab -- a son of Lot,also his descendants and the territory where they settled</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and Ammonite</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1489;&#1456;&#1504;&#1461;&#1469;&#1497;&#1470;</span> <span class="translit">(&#7687;&#601;&#183;n&#234;-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">[raiders] against Jehoiakim</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1490;&#1468;&#1456;&#1491;&#1493;&#1468;&#1491;&#1461;&#1443;&#1497;</span> <span class="translit">(g&#601;&#183;&#7695;&#363;&#183;&#7695;&#234;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1416.htm">Strong's 1416: </a> </span><span class="str2">A band, troop</span><br /><br /><span class="word">[in order]</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1493;&#1463;&#1497;&#1456;&#1513;&#1473;&#1463;&#1500;&#1468;&#1456;&#1495;&#1461;&#1445;&#1501;</span> <span class="translit">(way&#183;&#353;al&#183;l&#601;&#183;&#7717;&#234;m)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw &#124; Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular &#124; third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7971.htm">Strong's 7971: </a> </span><span class="str2">To send away, for, out</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to destroy</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1500;&#1456;&#1492;&#1463;&#1469;&#1488;&#1458;&#1489;&#1460;&#1497;&#1491;&#1425;&#1493;&#1465;</span> <span class="translit">(l&#601;&#183;ha&#183;&#8217;a&#774;&#183;&#7687;&#238;&#183;&#7695;&#333;w)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l &#124; Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct &#124; third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6.htm">Strong's 6: </a> </span><span class="str2">To wander away, lose oneself, to perish</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Judah,</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1489;&#1468;&#1460;&#1469;&#1497;&#1492;&#1493;&#1468;&#1491;&#1464;&#1430;&#1492;</span> <span class="translit">(b&#238;&#183;h&#363;&#183;&#7695;&#257;h)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b &#124; Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3063.htm">Strong's 3063: </a> </span><span class="str2">Judah -- 'praised', a son of Jacob, also the southern kingdom, also four Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">according to the word</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1499;&#1468;&#1460;&#1491;&#1456;&#1489;&#1463;&#1443;&#1512;</span> <span class="translit">(ki&#7695;&#183;&#7687;ar)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-k &#124; Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1697.htm">Strong's 1697: </a> </span><span class="str2">A word, a matter, thing, a cause</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the LORD</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1497;&#1456;&#1492;&#1493;&#1464;&#1428;&#1492;</span> <span class="translit">(Yah&#183;weh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> </span><span class="str2">LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel</span><br /><br /><span class="word">had spoken</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1491;&#1468;&#1460;&#1489;&#1468;&#1462;&#1428;&#1512;</span> <span class="translit">(dib&#183;ber)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1696.htm">Strong's 1696: </a> </span><span class="str2">To arrange, to speak, to subdue</span><br /><br /><span class="word">through</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1497;&#1463;&#1430;&#1491;</span> <span class="translit">(b&#601;&#183;ya&#7695;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b &#124; Noun - feminine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3027.htm">Strong's 3027: </a> </span><span class="str2">A hand</span><br /><br /><span class="word">His servants</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1506;&#1458;&#1489;&#1464;&#1491;&#1464;&#1445;&#1497;&#1493;</span> <span class="translit">(&#8216;a&#774;&#183;&#7687;&#257;&#183;&#7695;&#257;w)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct &#124; third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5650.htm">Strong's 5650: </a> </span><span class="str2">Slave, servant</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the prophets.</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1492;&#1463;&#1504;&#1468;&#1456;&#1489;&#1460;&#1497;&#1488;&#1460;&#1469;&#1497;&#1501;&#1475;</span> <span class="translit">(han&#183;n&#601;&#183;&#7687;&#238;&#183;&#8217;&#238;m)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article &#124; Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5030.htm">Strong's 5030: </a> </span><span class="str2">A spokesman, speaker, prophet</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/2_kings/24-2.htm">2 Kings 24:2 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/2_kings/24-2.htm">2 Kings 24:2 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/2_kings/24-2.htm">2 Kings 24:2 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/2_kings/24-2.htm">2 Kings 24:2 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/2_kings/24-2.htm">2 Kings 24:2 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/2_kings/24-2.htm">2 Kings 24:2 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/2_kings/24-2.htm">2 Kings 24:2 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/2_kings/24-2.htm">2 Kings 24:2 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/2_kings/24-2.htm">2 Kings 24:2 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/2_kings/24-2.htm">2 Kings 24:2 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/2_kings/24-2.htm">OT History: 2 Kings 24:2 Yahweh sent against him bands (2Ki iiKi ii ki 2 kg 2kg) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/2_kings/24-1.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="2 Kings 24:1"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="2 Kings 24:1" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/2_kings/24-3.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="2 Kings 24:3"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="2 Kings 24:3" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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