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src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements logo"></a> <a class="white" href="./">Barium - <sub>56</sub>Ba</a> <audio id="myAudio_f"> <source src="../_media/elements/snds_f/Ba.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">Your user agent does not support the HTML5 Audio element. </audio> <button class="pure-button s_button" style=" display: inline;" type="button" onclick="audf_play_pause()"> 🔊 </button> <script> function audf_play_pause() { var myAudiof = document.getElementById("myAudio_f"); if (myAudiof.paused) { myAudiof.play(); } else { myAudiof.pause(); }} </script></span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main"> <!-- element specific content--> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <a href="#" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-heading">▸▸</a> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇬🇧 Barium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇺🇦 Барій</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇨🇳 鋇</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇳🇱 Barium</li> <li 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pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <ul class="pure-menu-list z_menu"> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a href="../barium/" class="pure-menu-link">▸▸ Ba Essentials</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/physics.html">Physical properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/atoms.html">Electron shell data</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/atom_sizes.html">Atom sizes</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/electronegativity.html">Electronegativity</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/isotopes.html" >Isotopes and NMR</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/crystal_structure.html">Crystal structure</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/thermochemistry.html">Thermochemistry</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/history.html">History</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/uses.html">Uses</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/geology.html">Geology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/biology.html">Biology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/compounds.html">Binary compounds</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/compound_properties.html" >Compound properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/chemistry.html">Element reactions</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../barium/contents.html">List all Ba properties</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="s">Reaction of barium with air</h2> <p class="p_first">Barium is a silvery white metal. The surface of barium metal is covered with a thin layer of oxide that helps protect the metal from attack by air, but to a lesser extent than the corresponding layer in magnesium. Once ignited, barium metal burns in air to give a mixture of white barium oxide, BaO, and barium nitride, Ba<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>. Barium oxide is more normally made by heating barium carbonate. The superoxide BaO<sub>2</sub> apparently is also formed in this reaction. Barium, three places below magnesium in the periodic table is more reactive with air than magnesium.</p> <p class="equation">2Ba(s) + O<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2BaO(s)</p> <p class="equation">Ba(s) + O<sub>2</sub>(g) → BaO<sub>2</sub>(s)</p> <p class="equation">3Ba(s) + N<sub>2</sub>(g) → Ba<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>(s)</p> <h2 class="s">Reaction of barium with water</h2> <p class="p_first">Barium reacts readily with water to form barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)<sub>2</sub> and hydrogen gas (H<sub>2</sub>). The reaction is quicker than that of strontium (immediately above barium in the periodic table) but probably slower than that of radium (immediately below barium in the periodic table).</p> <p class="equation">Ba(s) + 2H<sub>2</sub>O(g) → Ba(OH)<sub>2</sub>(aq) + H<sub>2</sub>(g)</p> <h2 class="s">Reaction of barium with the halogens</h2> <p class="p_first">I expect barium is very reactive towards the halogens, but I've not yet found explicit references to that effect. So, it is epxected that chlorine, Cl<sub>2</sub> bromine, Br<sub>2</sub>, or iodine, I<sub>2</sub>, would burn to form the dihalides barium(II) chloride, BaCl<sub>2</sub>, barium(II) bromide, BaBr<sub>2</sub>, and barium(II) iodide, BaI<sub>2</sub> respectively. The reactions with bromine and with iodine wolud probably require heat.</p> <p class="equation">Ba(s) + Cl<sub>2</sub>(g) → BaCl<sub>2</sub>(s)</p> <p class="equation">Ba(s) + Br<sub>2</sub>(g) → BaBr<sub>2</sub>(s)</p> <p class="equation">Ba(s) + I<sub>2</sub>(g) → BaI<sub>2</sub>(s)</p> <h2 class="s">Reaction of barium with acids</h2> <h2 class="s">Reaction of barium with bases</h2> </main> <div id="footer"><!-- Footer div --> <footer> <div class="footer"> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Key properties</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/eneg_pauling/">Electronegativity </a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/melting_point/">Melting point</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/density/">Density </a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/molar_volume/">Molar volume</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/ionis_energy_1/">Ionization energy (1st)</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/covalent_radius/">Covalent radius</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/metallic_radius/">Metallic radius</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/abund_crust/">Abundance: earth's crust</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Shop</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">Sorry, shop closed</li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Social</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.facebook.com/webelements.periodic.table">Facebook</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://twitter.com/periodic_table">Twitter</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.pinterest.com/periodictable/">Pinterest</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Administration</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/your-privacy/" title="Your privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/about-webelements/" title="About WebElements">About</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/webelements-and-copyright/" title="Copyright information about WebElements">Copyright</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/acknowledgements/" title="Acknowledgements">Thanks...</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <address> <p> <a href="https://www.webelements.com/"><img class="logo_m" src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements home" /></a><br /> <strong>WebElements:</strong> THE periodic table on the WWW [<a href="https://www.webelements.com/">www.webelements.com</a>]<br /> <a href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/webelements-and-copyright/">Copyright </a> 1993-2024 <a href="https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/">Mark Winter</a> [ <a href="https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/chemistry/">The University of Sheffield </a> and WebElements Ltd, UK]. 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