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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Opisthokonta" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Opisthokonta" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Opisthokonta" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Opisthokonta" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Flagella" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flagella"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Flagella</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flagella-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kladogram" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kladogram"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kladogram</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kladogram-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Opisthokonta</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 53 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B7" title="خلفيات السوط – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خلفيات السوط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B7" title="خلفيات السوط – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="خلفيات السوط" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opistoconts" title="Opistoconts – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Opistoconts" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokont" title="Opisthokont – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Opisthokont" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagavibursed" title="Tagavibursed – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tagavibursed" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B4%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%98%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پشت‌تاژکان – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پشت‌تاژکان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%A4siimaiset" title="Peräsiimaiset – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Peräsiimaiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opistocontos" title="Opistocontos – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Opistocontos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5" title="पृष्ठध्रुव – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पृष्ठध्रुव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%94%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF" title="オピストコンタ – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オピストコンタ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9B%84%ED%8E%B8%EB%AA%A8%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC" title="후편모생물 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="후편모생물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthoconta" title="Opisthoconta – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Opisthoconta" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Заднокамшични – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Заднокамшични" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opistoconte" title="Opistoconte – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Opistoconte" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Заднежгутиковые – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Заднежгутиковые" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokont" title="Opisthokont – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Opisthokont" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokont" title="Opisthokont – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Opisthokont" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opistokonty" title="Opistokonty – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Opistokonty" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokont" title="Opisthokont – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Opisthokont" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2" title="โอพิสโธคอนตา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โอพิสโธคอนตา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokont" title="Opisthokont – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Opisthokont" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Опістоконти – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Опістоконти" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinh_v%E1%BA%ADt_l%C3%B4ng_roi_sau" title="Sinh vật lông roi sau – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sinh vật lông roi sau" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Opisthokonta" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E9%9E%AD%E6%AF%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="後鞭毛生物 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="後鞭毛生物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q129021#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Opisthokonta" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Opisthokonta" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Opisthokonta" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&oldid=2511876" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Opisthokonta&id=2511876&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOpisthokonta"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOpisthokonta"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Opisthokonta"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Opisthokonta&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Opisthokonta" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Opisthokonta" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispesies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q129021" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Zoospores_types.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Zoospores_types.svg/280px-Zoospores_types.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Zoospores_types.svg/420px-Zoospores_types.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Zoospores_types.svg/560px-Zoospores_types.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="253" data-file-height="142" /></a><figcaption>Soorte flagellumselle, met flagella aan die agter- en voorkant.</figcaption></figure> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(245,215,255) ; color:var(--color-base)">Opisthokonta<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Tydperk: <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">1025–0 m. jaar gelede</span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:250px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; font-size:small; position:relative; z-index:0;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,3,129); left:0px; width:41.993729158319px;"><a href="/wiki/Hadean" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadean">Had.</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(238,0,125); left:41.993729158319px; width:10.947698465352px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,91,151); left:52.941427623671px; width:21.895396930703px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,124,163); left:74.836824554374px; width:21.895396930703px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,166,186); left:96.732221485077px; width:16.421547698027px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,0,124); left:41.993729158319px; width:71.160040024786px;"><a href="/wiki/Archean" class="mw-redirect" title="Archean">Arch.</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,91,113); left:113.1537691831px; width:49.264643094082px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,184,114); left:162.41841227719px; width:32.843095396055px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,183,87); left:195.26150767324px; width:25.070229485655px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,76,104); left:113.1537691831px; width:107.17796797579px;"><a href="/wiki/Proterozoic" class="mw-redirect" title="Proterozoic">Proter.</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(146,195,160); left:220.3317371589px; width:15.928901267087px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(7,202,234); left:236.26063842598px; width:10.153990326614px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(246,236,57); left:246.4146287526px; width:3.5853712474027px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(111,218,237); left:220.3317371589px; width:29.668262841103px;"><a href="/wiki/Phanerozoic" class="mw-redirect" title="Phanerozoic">Fan.</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:249px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:250px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div id="Range-border" style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:193.89304536507px; width:56.106954634927px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42; filter:alpha(opacity=42);"></div> <div id="Range-border" style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:193.89304536507px; width:56.106954634927px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.{{{3}}}; filter:alpha(opacity={{{3}}});"></div> <div id="Range-Marker" style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:194.89304536507px; width:54.106954634927px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Elephant-ear-sponge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Elephant-ear-sponge.jpg/220px-Elephant-ear-sponge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Elephant-ear-sponge.jpg/330px-Elephant-ear-sponge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Elephant-ear-sponge.jpg/440px-Elephant-ear-sponge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="835" data-file-height="1214" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">’n <a href="/wiki/Agelas_clathrodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Agelas clathrodes">Oranje-olifantoorspons</a>, <i>Agelas clathrodes</i>, voor en twee korale, <i>Iciligorgia schrammi</i> en <i>Plexaurella nutans</i>, agter. </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(245,215,255) ; color:var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Wetenskaplike_klassifikasie" title="Wetenskaplike klassifikasie">Wetenskaplike klassifikasie</a> <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Taksonomie/Opisthokonta" title="e"><img alt="e" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-destructive.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-destructive.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-destructive.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domein: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukarioot" title="Eukarioot">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(geen rang): </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unikonta" class="mw-redirect" title="Unikonta">Unikonta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(geen rang): </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Obazoa" title="Obazoa">Obazoa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(geen rang): </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Opisthokonta</a><br /><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herbert_Copeland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herbert Copeland (bladsy bestaan nie)">Copeland</a> 1956,<sup id="cite_ref-Copeland_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Copeland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>emend</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cavalier-Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Cavalier-Smith (bladsy bestaan nie)">Cavalier-Smith</a> 1987,<sup id="cite_ref-cavalier1987_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cavalier1987-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>emend</i>. Adl <i>et al</i>., 2005<sup id="cite_ref-ref3_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(245,215,255) ; color:var(--color-base)">Subgroepe </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holomycota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holomycota (bladsy bestaan nie)">Holomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holozoa" title="Holozoa">Holozoa</a></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Opisthokonta</b> (van die <a href="/wiki/Grieks" title="Grieks">Griekse</a> ὀπίσθιος <i>opísthios</i>, "agter" + κοντός <i>kontós</i>, "pool", dus "flagellum") is ’n groot groep <a href="/wiki/Eukariote" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukariote">eukariote</a>, insluitende die <a href="/wiki/Koninkryk_(biologie)" title="Koninkryk (biologie)">koninkryke</a> <a href="/wiki/Dier" title="Dier">diere</a> en <a href="/wiki/Swam" title="Swam">swamme</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18461162_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18461162-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> asook die eukariotiese <a href="/wiki/Mikro-organisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikro-organisme">mikro-organismes</a> wat soms geplaas word in die <a href="/wiki/Parafileties" title="Parafileties">parafiletiese</a> <a href="/wiki/Filum" title="Filum">filum</a> <a href="/wiki/Choanozoa" title="Choanozoa">Choanozoa</a> (konvensioneel deel van die koninkryk <a href="/wiki/Protista" class="mw-redirect" title="Protista">Protista</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16151185_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16151185-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Opisthokonta, wat soms die "Fungi/Metazoa-groep" genoem word,<sup id="cite_ref-urlFungi/Metazoa_group_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urlFungi/Metazoa_group-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> word gewoonlik beskou as ’n <a href="/wiki/Monofileties" title="Monofileties">monofiletiese</a> <a href="/wiki/Klade" title="Klade">klade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16151185_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16151185-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flagella">Flagella</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Flagella" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Flagella"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Een gemeenskaplike eienskap van die Opisthokonta is dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flagellum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flagellum (bladsy bestaan nie)">flagellumselle</a>, soos die <a href="/wiki/Sperm" class="mw-redirect" title="Sperm">sperma</a> van die meeste diere en die <a href="/wiki/Spoor_(plantkunde)" title="Spoor (plantkunde)">spore</a> van die swamme, voortbeweeg deur middel van ’n enkele flagellum (sweephaar) aan hul agterkant. Die groep se naam kom van dié eienskap. </p><p>In teenstelling daarmee beweeg flagellumselle in ander eukariotiese groepe voort met een of meer flagella aan hul voorkant. In sommige Opisthokonta-groepe, soos die meeste van die swamme, het flagellumselle verlore gegaan.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16151185_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16151185-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kladogram">Kladogram</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Kladogram" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kladogram"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die verwantskap van die Opisthokonta is steeds 'n onderwerp van navorsing. Hierdie is 'n vereenvoudigde kladogram wat die belangrikste groepe toon </p> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base); border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eukarioot#Kladogram" title="Eukarioot">Eukariote</a></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base); border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap">Bikonta</span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base); border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"><br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Viridiplantae</a> (plante) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align:top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-base); border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align:top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-base); border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base);padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap">Unikonta</span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base); border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"><br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amoebozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amoebozoa (bladsy bestaan nie)">Amoebozoa</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-base); border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align:top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-base); border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base);padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap"><b>Ophistokonta</b></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base); border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"><br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fungi">Fungi</a> (swamme) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-base); border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align:top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-base); border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base);padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap">Holozoa</span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base); border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"><br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Choanoflagellatea#kladogram" title="Choanoflagellatea">Choanoflagellatea</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-base); border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align:top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-base); border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base);padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"><br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Dier#Kladogram" title="Dier">Metazoa</a> (diere) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align:top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align:top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align:top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align:top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align:top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Copeland-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Copeland_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Copeland, H. F. (1956). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/classificationof00cope">The Classification of Lower Organisms</a></i>. Palo Alto: Pacific Books.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cavalier1987-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cavalier1987_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFCavalier-Smith1987" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cavalier-Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Cavalier-Smith (bladsy bestaan nie)">Cavalier-Smith, T.</a> (1987). "The origin of fungi and pseudofungi". In Rayner, Alan D. M. (red.). <i>Evolutionary biology of Fungi</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 339–353. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-521-33050-5" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-521-33050-5"><bdi>0-521-33050-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+origin+of+fungi+and+pseudofungi&rft.btitle=Evolutionary+biology+of+Fungi&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=339-353&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-521-33050-5&rft.aulast=Cavalier-Smith&rft.aufirst=T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AOpisthokonta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref3-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ref3_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFAdl2005" class="citation journal cs1">Adl, S.M.; et al. (September–Oktober 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1550-7408.2005.00053.x">"The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists"</a>. <i>Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology</i>. <b>52</b> (5): 399–451. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Vrylik beskikbaar"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1550-7408.2005.00053.x">10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16248873">16248873</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Eukaryotic+Microbiology&rft.atitle=The+new+higher+level+classification+of+eukaryotes+with+emphasis+on+the+taxonomy+of+protists&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=399-451&rft.date=2005-09%2F2005-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1550-7408.2005.00053.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16248873&rft.aulast=Adl&rft.aufirst=S.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1550-7408.2005.00053.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AOpisthokonta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid18461162-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid18461162_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFShalchian-TabriziMingeEspelund2008" class="citation journal cs1">Shalchian-Tabrizi K, Minge MA, Espelund M, et al. (7 Mei 2008). Aramayo R (red.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002098">"Multigene phylogeny of choanozoa and the origin of animals"</a>. <i>PLoS ONE</i>. <b>3</b> (5): e2098. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008PLoSO...3.2098S">2008PLoSO...3.2098S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0002098">10.1371/journal.pone.0002098</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Vrylik beskikbaar"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2346548">2346548</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18461162">18461162</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+ONE&rft.atitle=Multigene+phylogeny+of+choanozoa+and+the+origin+of+animals&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=e2098&rft.date=2008-05-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2346548%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18461162&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0002098&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008PLoSO...3.2098S&rft.aulast=Shalchian-Tabrizi&rft.aufirst=K&rft.au=Minge%2C+MA&rft.au=Espelund%2C+M&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plosone.org%2Farticle%2Finfo%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0002098&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AOpisthokonta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid16151185-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pmid16151185_5-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pmid16151185_5-1">5,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pmid16151185_5-2">5,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSteenkampWrightBaldauf2006" class="citation journal cs1">Steenkamp ET, Wright J, Baldauf SL (Januarie 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16151185">"The protistan origins of animals and fungi"</a>. <i>Mol. Biol. Evol</i>. <b>23</b> (1): 93–106. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsj011">10.1093/molbev/msj011</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16151185">16151185</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mol.+Biol.+Evol.&rft.atitle=The+protistan+origins+of+animals+and+fungi&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=93-106&rft.date=2006-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsj011&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16151185&rft.aulast=Steenkamp&rft.aufirst=ET&rft.au=Wright%2C+J&rft.au=Baldauf%2C+SL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmbe.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fpmidlookup%3Fview%3Dlong%26pmid%3D16151185&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AOpisthokonta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-urlFungi/Metazoa_group-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-urlFungi/Metazoa_group_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/33154">"Fungi/Metazoa group"</a> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200513232429/https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/33154">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 13 Mei 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">8 Maart</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fungi%2FMetazoa+group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uniprot.org%2Ftaxonomy%2F33154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AOpisthokonta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHuangXuGogarten2005" class="citation journal cs1">Huang, Jinling; Xu, Ying; Gogarten, Johann Peter (November 2005). "The presence of a haloarchaeal type tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase marks the opisthokonts as monophyletic". <i>Molecular Biology and Evolution</i>. <b>22</b> (11): 2142–2146. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsi221">10.1093/molbev/msi221</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16049196">16049196</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=The+presence+of+a+haloarchaeal+type+tyrosyl-tRNA+synthetase+marks+the+opisthokonts+as+monophyletic&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=2142-2146&rft.date=2005-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsi221&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16049196&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Jinling&rft.au=Xu%2C+Ying&rft.au=Gogarten%2C+Johann+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AOpisthokonta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFParfrey,_Laura_Wegener2006" class="citation journal cs1">Parfrey, Laura Wegener; et al. (Desember 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1713255">"Evaluating support for the current classification of eukaryotic diversity"</a>. <i>PLOS Genetics</i>. <b>2</b> (12): e220. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.0020220">10.1371/journal.pgen.0020220</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Vrylik beskikbaar"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1713255">1713255</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17194223">17194223</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+Genetics&rft.atitle=Evaluating+support+for+the+current+classification+of+eukaryotic+diversity&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=e220&rft.date=2006-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1713255%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17194223&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.0020220&rft.au=Parfrey%2C+Laura+Wegener&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1713255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AOpisthokonta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFTorruella,_Guifré2012" class="citation journal cs1">Torruella, Guifré; et al. (Februarie 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3350318">"Phylogenetic relationships within the Opisthokonta based on phylogenomic analyses of conserved single-copy protein domains"</a>. <i>Molecular Biology and Evolution</i>. <b>29</b> (2): 531–544. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsr185">10.1093/molbev/msr185</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Vrylik beskikbaar"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3350318">3350318</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21771718">21771718</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Phylogenetic+relationships+within+the+Opisthokonta+based+on+phylogenomic+analyses+of+conserved+single-copy+protein+domains&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=531-544&rft.date=2012-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3350318%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21771718&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsr185&rft.au=Torruella%2C+Guifr%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3350318&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AOpisthokonta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taksondatabasisse" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Taksondatabasisse" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Taksonidentifiseerders" title="Hulp:Taksonidentifiseerders">Taksondatabasisse</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wd</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129021" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q129021">Q129021</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id322925">322925</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/2910700">2910700</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fossilworks" title="Fossilworks">Fossilworks</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/0/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=212579">212579</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_Fungorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Index Fungorum (bladsy bestaan nie)">Fungorum</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexfungorum.org/names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=90277">90277</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=33154">33154</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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